TW201731150A - Cell over voltage protection device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention cell over voltage protection device, including: Adjustable Precision Shunt Regulator circuit, first semiconductor circuit, second semiconductor circuit and third semiconductor circuit, set voltage for cell charge, to avoid cell damage caused by overvoltage.

Description

電池過電壓保護裝置 Battery overvoltage protection device

本發明電池過電壓保護裝置係一種電池充電保護電路之技術領域，包括有：可調整精密並接調整器(Adjustable Precision Shunt Regulator)電路、第一半導體電路、第二半導體電路及第三半導體電路，為保護電池在設定電壓下進行充電，避免電池過電壓所造成之損害。 The battery over-voltage protection device of the present invention is a technical field of a battery charging protection circuit, comprising: an Adjustable Precision Shunt Regulator circuit, a first semiconductor circuit, a second semiconductor circuit and a third semiconductor circuit, To protect the battery from charging at the set voltage, avoid damage caused by battery overvoltage.

如圖5所示，為習知大電流並接調整器(High Current Shunt Regulator)電路，自圖中可知，其輸入電壓V+經過串聯電阻RS至輸出電壓端Vout，在輸出電壓端Vout及接地端G之間連接有可調整精密並接調整器集體電路IC1及分壓電路，其分壓電路包括有第一電阻R1及第二電阻R2，第一電阻R1及第二電阻R2串聯連接的中點P連接到可調整精密並接調整器集體電路IC1的參考電壓端Vref，第三電阻R3為基極電阻，其輸出電壓Vout為：Vout=(1+R1/R2)Vref式中，Vref為可調整精密並接調整器集體電路IC1的參考電壓，約為2.5V。 As shown in FIG. 5, it is a conventional high current Shunt Regulator circuit. As shown in the figure, the input voltage V+ passes through the series resistor RS to the output voltage terminal Vout, at the output voltage terminal Vout and the ground terminal. The G is connected with an adjustable precision parallel connection regulator circuit IC1 and a voltage dividing circuit. The voltage dividing circuit includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2. The first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are connected in series. The midpoint P is connected to the reference voltage terminal Vref of the adjustable precision parallel connection regulator circuit IC1, and the third resistor R3 is the base resistance, and the output voltage Vout is: Vout=(1+R1/R2)Vref, Vref The reference voltage for the adjustable precision parallel connection regulator circuit IC1 is approximately 2.5V.

自圖5可知，V+=IRS+Vout，當設定Vout端的負載不 變時，此時若輸入電壓V+值增加則流經串聯電阻RS的電流I值增加，因此IRS值增加，由此可知，習知大電流並接調整器電路對於輸入電壓V+值的增加並無過電壓保護的功能，而僅有維持輸出電壓Vout為定值，而且半導體T1常在射基極不飽和電壓下工作，會產生高溫損耗，其有以下的缺點： As can be seen from Figure 5, V+=IRS+Vout, when the load at the Vout end is not set When the input voltage V+ value increases, the value of the current I flowing through the series resistor RS increases, so the IRS value increases. It can be seen that the conventional high current parallel connection regulator circuit does not increase the input voltage V+ value. The overvoltage protection function only maintains the output voltage Vout to a fixed value, and the semiconductor T1 often operates at the base-unsaturated voltage, which causes high-temperature loss, which has the following disadvantages:

1.對於輸入電壓V+無法控制其為精密定值之過電壓保護的功能。 1. For the input voltage V+, it cannot control the function of over-voltage protection with precise setting.

2.半導體T1常在射基極不飽和電壓下工作，會產生高溫損耗，使半導體T1的動作曲線不穩定，影響其可調整精密並接調整器集體電路IC1的精確控制功能。 2. The semiconductor T1 often works under the emitter's extremely unsaturated voltage, which will cause high temperature loss, which makes the operation curve of the semiconductor T1 unstable, affecting the precise control function of the adjustable precision parallel connection controller IC1.

3.串聯電阻RS為大功率電阻其誤差值大，當輸入電壓V+值上升增加時，包括可調整精密並接調整器集體電路IC1供電所需之電流，其所增加的電壓值皆為串聯電阻RS的電壓降損耗，而使串聯電阻RS的電阻值隨溫度的變化而變動其電阻值。 3. The series resistance RS is a large power resistor with a large error value. When the input voltage V+ value increases, the current required to supply the adjustable collective circuit IC1 can be adjusted, and the added voltage value is series resistance. The voltage drop loss of the RS causes the resistance value of the series resistor RS to vary its resistance value as a function of temperature.

本發明的目的： The purpose of the invention:

1.本發明為能達到電池進行充電時，能使電池不超過其預設之安全電壓值，以使電池得到過電壓保護，以取代習知大電流並接調整器電路無法在電池充電中，達到電池過電壓保護之缺點。 1. The invention can make the battery not exceed its preset safe voltage value when the battery is charged, so that the battery is over-voltage protected, instead of the conventional high-current parallel connection regulator circuit can not be charged in the battery, The shortcomings of battery overvoltage protection are achieved.

2.本發明為應用於定電壓，定電流的電池充電裝置，可以達到充電中之電池過電壓時執行分流之功能，以使電池達到充電所設定之電壓值。 2. The invention is a battery charging device applied to a constant voltage and a constant current, which can perform a function of shunting when the battery is over-voltage during charging, so that the battery reaches the voltage value set by the charging.

3.本發明為應用於定電壓，定電流的電池充電裝置，可以達到充電中之電池過電壓時執行充電裝置與電池開路，以達到電池過電壓之保護。 3. The invention is a battery charging device applied to constant voltage and constant current, which can perform charging device and battery open circuit when the battery overvoltage is being charged, so as to achieve protection of battery overvoltage.

4.本發明在執行電池充電或放電動作時，將應用第三半導體具有雙向性導通之特徵，而達成電池充電或放電之目的。 4. When performing the charging or discharging operation of the battery, the present invention applies the characteristics that the third semiconductor has bidirectional conduction to achieve battery charging or discharging.

本發明有下列之特徵：本發明應用可調整精密並接調整器電路，其包括第一可調整精密並接調整器、第一電阻及第二電阻，其特徵為借由可調整精密並接調整器之精密參考電壓值而達到精確的過高電壓控制值。 The invention has the following features: the invention applies an adjustable precision parallel connection regulator circuit, which comprises a first adjustable precision parallel connection adjuster, a first resistor and a second resistor, characterized by adjustable precision parallel connection adjustment The precise reference voltage value of the device achieves an accurate over-voltage control value.

本發明應用第一半導體電路，其包括第一半導體、基極(Base)電阻及射極(Emitter)電阻，其特徵為第一半導體射極電阻為提供第一半導體射極電壓，當第一半導體導通時，亦具有可調整精密並接調整器的限電流作用。 The invention applies a first semiconductor circuit comprising a first semiconductor, a base resistor and an emitter resistor, characterized in that the first semiconductor emitter resistor is to provide a first semiconductor emitter voltage, when the first semiconductor When turned on, it also has a current limit function that can adjust the precision parallel connection regulator.

本發明應用第二半導體電路，其包括第二半導體、分流電阻(Shunt Resistor)及第一閘極電阻，其特徵為第二半導體的閘極(Gate)連接第一閘極電阻的一端及第一半導體的受極(Collector)，第一閘極電阻的另一端連接負電端，第二半導體的集極連接分流電阻，第二半導體的源極連接負電端。 The second semiconductor circuit of the present invention includes a second semiconductor, a shunt resistor, and a first gate resistor, wherein the gate of the second semiconductor is connected to one end of the first gate resistor and the first A collector of the semiconductor, the other end of the first gate resistor is connected to the negative terminal, the collector of the second semiconductor is connected to the shunt resistor, and the source of the second semiconductor is connected to the negative terminal.

本發明應用第三半導體電路，其包括第三半導體及第二閘極電阻，其特徵為第三半導體的閘極連接第二閘極電阻的一端及第二半導體的集極(Drain)，第二閘極電阻的另一端連接負電端，第三半導體的集極連接電池的負電端，第三半導體的源極(Source)連接負電端。 The third semiconductor circuit of the present invention includes a third semiconductor and a second gate resistor, wherein the gate of the third semiconductor is connected to one end of the second gate resistor and the collector of the second semiconductor, and the second The other end of the gate resistor is connected to the negative terminal, the collector of the third semiconductor is connected to the negative terminal of the battery, and the source of the third semiconductor is connected to the negative terminal.

10‧‧‧可調整精密並接調整器電路 10‧‧‧Adjustable precision parallel connection regulator circuit

11‧‧‧第一電阻 11‧‧‧First resistance

12‧‧‧第二電阻 12‧‧‧second resistance

13‧‧‧可調整精密並接調整器 13‧‧‧Adjustable precision parallel adjuster

20‧‧‧第一半導體電路 20‧‧‧First semiconductor circuit

21‧‧‧第一半導體的基極電阻 21‧‧‧Base resistance of the first semiconductor

22‧‧‧第一半導體的射極電阻 22‧‧‧ the emitter resistance of the first semiconductor

23‧‧‧第一半導體 23‧‧‧First Semiconductor

30‧‧‧第二半導體電路 30‧‧‧Second semiconductor circuit

31‧‧‧第一閘極電阻 31‧‧‧First gate resistor

32‧‧‧第二半導體 32‧‧‧Second Semiconductor

33‧‧‧分流電阻 33‧‧‧Shunt resistor

40‧‧‧第三半導體電路 40‧‧‧ Third semiconductor circuit

41‧‧‧第二閘極電阻 41‧‧‧Second gate resistor

42‧‧‧第三半導體 42‧‧‧ Third Semiconductor

50‧‧‧第四半導體電路 50‧‧‧fourth semiconductor circuit

51‧‧‧第三閘極電阻 51‧‧‧3rd gate resistor

52‧‧‧第四半導體 52‧‧‧ Fourth Semiconductor

60‧‧‧第五半導體電路 60‧‧‧ fifth semiconductor circuit

61‧‧‧第四閘極電阻 61‧‧‧fourth gate resistor

62‧‧‧第五半導體 62‧‧‧ Fifth Semiconductor

100‧‧‧電池過電壓保護裝置 100‧‧‧Battery overvoltage protection device

200‧‧‧電池 200‧‧‧Battery

300‧‧‧充電裝置 300‧‧‧Charging device

400‧‧‧第一電池電路 400‧‧‧First battery circuit

500‧‧‧第二電池電路 500‧‧‧Second battery circuit

600‧‧‧第三電池電路 600‧‧‧ third battery circuit

700‧‧‧第N電池電路 700‧‧‧Nth battery circuit

V+‧‧‧正電端 V+‧‧‧ positive terminal

V-‧‧‧負電端 V-‧‧‧ negative terminal

圖1 為本發明電池過電壓保護裝置。 1 is a battery overvoltage protection device of the present invention.

圖2 為本發明電池過電壓保護裝置的第一實施例。 2 is a first embodiment of a battery overvoltage protection device of the present invention.

圖3 為本發明電池過電壓保護裝置的第二實施例。 3 is a second embodiment of the battery overvoltage protection device of the present invention.

圖4 為本發明電池過電壓保護裝置的第三實施例。 4 is a third embodiment of the battery overvoltage protection device of the present invention.

圖5 為習知大電流並接調整器電路。 Figure 5 shows a conventional high current parallel connection regulator circuit.

如圖1所示，為本發明電池過電壓保護裝置，自圖中可知，電池過電壓保護裝置100包括有：可調整精密並接調整器電路10、第一半導體電路20、第二半導體電路30及第三半導體電路40；可調整精密並接調整器電路10包括有第一電阻11、第二電阻12及可調整精密並接調整器13，可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓端Vref連接第一電阻11的另一端及第二電阻12的一端串聯連接的中點端，第一電阻11的一端連接正電端V+，第二電阻12的另一端連接負電端V-，可調整精密並接調整器13的陽極端A(Anode,A)連接負電端V-，可調整精密並接調整器13的陰極端K(Cathode,K)連接到第一半導體23的基極B及基極電阻21的另一端；第一半導體電路20包括有第一半導體23、射極電阻22及基極電阻21，第一半導體23為PNP型電晶體(PNP Type T放ransistor)，第一半導體23的基極B連接基極電阻21的另一端及可調整精密並接調整器13的陰極端K，基極電阻21的一端連接正電端V+，第一半導體23的射極E連接射極電阻22的另一端，射極電阻22的一端連接正電端V+，第一半導體23的受極C連接第二半導體32的閘極G(Gate,G)及第一閘極電阻31的另一端；第二半導體電路30包括有第二半導 體32、第一閘極電阻31及分流電阻33，第二半導體32為N通道金屬氧化半導體場效電晶體(N Channel Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor)，其體內含有體二極體(Body Diode)，第二半導體32的閘極G連接第一半導體23的受極C與第一閘極電阻31的一端，第一閘極電阻31的另一端連接負電端V-，第二半導體32的集極D連接分流電阻33的另一端，分流電阻33的一端連接正電端V+，第二半導體32的源極S連接負電端V-；第三半導體電路40包括有第三半導體42及第二閘極電阻41，第三半導體42為N通道金屬氧化半導體場效電晶體，其體內含有體二極體，第三半導體42的閘極G連接第二半導體32的集極D及第二閘極電阻41的一端，第二閘極電阻41的另一端連接負電端V-，第三半導體42的集極D連接電池200的負電端，第三半導體42的源極S連接負電端V-。 As shown in FIG. 1 , the battery over voltage protection device of the present invention, as shown in the figure, the battery over voltage protection device 100 includes: an adjustable precision parallel connection regulator circuit 10 , a first semiconductor circuit 20 , and a second semiconductor circuit 30 . And the third semiconductor circuit 40; the adjustable precision parallel connection adjuster circuit 10 includes a first resistor 11, a second resistor 12 and an adjustable precision parallel connection adjuster 13, which can adjust the reference voltage terminal Vref of the precision parallel connection adjuster 13. The other end of the first resistor 11 and the midpoint end of the second resistor 12 are connected in series. One end of the first resistor 11 is connected to the positive terminal V+, and the other end of the second resistor 12 is connected to the negative terminal V-. The anode terminal A (Anode, A) of the parallel regulator 13 is connected to the negative terminal V-, and the cathode terminal K (Cathode, K) of the precision parallel connection regulator 13 is connected to the base B and the base of the first semiconductor 23. The other end of the resistor 21; the first semiconductor circuit 20 includes a first semiconductor 23, an emitter resistor 22 and a base resistor 21, and the first semiconductor 23 is a PNP type transistor (PNP Type T transistor), the first semiconductor 23 The base B is connected to the other end of the base resistor 21 and is adjustable The cathode terminal K of the parallel connection adjuster 13 has one end of the base resistor 21 connected to the positive terminal V+, the emitter E of the first semiconductor 23 is connected to the other end of the emitter resistor 22, and one end of the emitter resistor 22 is connected to the positive terminal. V+, the terminal C of the first semiconductor 23 is connected to the gate G (Gate, G) of the second semiconductor 32 and the other end of the first gate resistor 31; the second semiconductor circuit 30 includes the second semiconductor The body 32, the first gate resistor 31 and the shunt resistor 33, and the second semiconductor 32 is an N-channel Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, which contains a body diode (Body) Dipole), the gate G of the second semiconductor 32 is connected to the terminal C of the first semiconductor 23 and one end of the first gate resistor 31, and the other end of the first gate resistor 31 is connected to the negative terminal V-, the second semiconductor 32 The other end of the collector D is connected to the shunt resistor 33. One end of the shunt resistor 33 is connected to the positive terminal V+, and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 is connected to the negative terminal V-. The third semiconductor circuit 40 includes a third semiconductor 42 and a second The gate resistor 41, the third semiconductor 42 is an N-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor having a body diode therein, and the gate G of the third semiconductor 42 is connected to the collector D and the second gate of the second semiconductor 32. One end of the resistor 41, the other end of the second gate resistor 41 is connected to the negative terminal V-, the collector D of the third semiconductor 42 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery 200, and the source S of the third semiconductor 42 is connected to the negative terminal V-.

如圖1所示，其動作原理為： As shown in Figure 1, the principle of operation is:

1.當正電端V+的電壓由低電壓逐漸上升，但是低於可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時可調整精密並接調整器13之陽極端A及陰極端K開路，第一半導體23的基極B的正電位高於第一半導體23的射極E的正電位，因而第一半導體23開路，第一半導體23的受極C無電壓供給第二半導體32的閘極G，此時第二半導體32的集極D及源極S開路，因而分流電阻33無電流通過，此時分流電阻33之另一端供應正電壓於第三半導體42的閘極G，於是第三半導體42的集極D及源極S導通，電池200由充電裝置300執行充電動作。 1. When the voltage of the positive terminal V+ gradually rises from the low voltage, but is lower than the reference voltage Vref 2.5V of the adjustable precision parallel connection regulator 13: the anode terminal A and the anode of the precision parallel connection adjuster 13 can be adjusted at this time. The extreme K is open, the positive potential of the base B of the first semiconductor 23 is higher than the positive potential of the emitter E of the first semiconductor 23, and thus the first semiconductor 23 is open, and the terminal C of the first semiconductor 23 is supplied with no voltage to the second semiconductor. The gate G of 32, at this time, the collector D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 are open, and thus the shunt resistor 33 has no current flowing. At this time, the other end of the shunt resistor 33 supplies a positive voltage to the gate G of the third semiconductor 42. Then, the collector D and the source S of the third semiconductor 42 are turned on, and the battery 200 is charged by the charging device 300.

2.當正電端V+的電壓由低電壓逐漸上升，到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時： 此時可調整精密並接調整器13之陽極端A及陰極端K導通，第一半導體23的基極B的正電位低於第一半導體23的射極E的正電位，因而第一半導體23導通，第一半導體23的受極C供給電壓給第二半導體32的閘極G，此時第二半導體32的集極D及源極S導通，而分流電阻33有電流通過而執行分流作用，因第二半導體32的集極D與源極S導通，此時分流電阻33之另一端無正電壓供應第三半導體42的閘極G，於是第三半導體42的集極D及源極S開路，充電裝置300對電池200不執行充電動作，以避免電池200因其過高電壓造成損壞，而達到過高電壓保護之目的。 2. When the voltage of the positive terminal V+ gradually rises from the low voltage to the adjustable reference voltage Vref 2.5V of the parallel regulator 13: At this time, the anode terminal A and the cathode terminal K of the precision parallel connection regulator 13 can be turned on, and the positive potential of the base B of the first semiconductor 23 is lower than the positive potential of the emitter E of the first semiconductor 23, and thus the first semiconductor 23 Turning on, the terminal C of the first semiconductor 23 supplies a voltage to the gate G of the second semiconductor 32. At this time, the collector D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 are turned on, and the shunt resistor 33 has a current to pass the shunt. Since the collector D of the second semiconductor 32 is turned on and the source S is turned on, at this time, the other end of the shunt resistor 33 is supplied with the gate G of the third semiconductor 42 without a positive voltage, so that the collector D and the source S of the third semiconductor 42 are open. The charging device 300 does not perform a charging operation on the battery 200 to prevent the battery 200 from being damaged due to its excessive voltage, thereby achieving the purpose of excessive voltage protection.

3.當正電端V+的電壓由低電壓逐漸上升，到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V以上時：此時可調整精密並接調整器13之陽極端A及陰極端K導通，第一半導體23的基極B的正電位低於第一半導體23的射極E的正電位，因而第一半導體23導通，第一半導體23的受極C供給電壓給第二半導體32的閘極G，此時第二半導體32的集極D及源極S導通，因而分流電阻33有電流通過而執行分流作用，只是其經過分流電阻33的分流電流增加而己，因第二半導體32的集極D與源極S導通，此時分流電阻33之另一端無正電壓供應第三半導體42的閘極G，於是第三半導體42的集極D及源極S開路，充電裝置300對電池200仍繼續不執行充電動作，以避免電池200因其過高電壓造成損壞，而達到過高電壓保護之目的。 3. When the voltage of the positive terminal V+ gradually rises from the low voltage to the reference voltage Vref of 2.5V or more of the adjustable precision parallel connection regulator 13: the anode terminal A and the cathode terminal of the precision parallel connection regulator 13 can be adjusted at this time. K is turned on, the positive potential of the base B of the first semiconductor 23 is lower than the positive potential of the emitter E of the first semiconductor 23, and thus the first semiconductor 23 is turned on, and the terminal C of the first semiconductor 23 supplies a voltage to the second semiconductor 32. The gate G of the second semiconductor 32 is turned on at this time, so that the shunt resistor 33 has a current to pass through, and the shunting action is performed, but the shunt current passing through the shunt resistor 33 is increased, because the second semiconductor The collector D of the 32 is turned on and the source S is turned on. At this time, the other end of the shunt resistor 33 is supplied with the gate G of the third semiconductor 42 without a positive voltage, so that the collector D and the source S of the third semiconductor 42 are opened, and the charging device 300 The charging operation of the battery 200 is still not performed to prevent the battery 200 from being damaged due to its excessive voltage, thereby achieving the purpose of excessive voltage protection.

如圖1所示，當電池200充電動作完成時，將充電裝置300改為負載，在圖1中並未標示出負載，當電 池200執行放電動作時，若設電池200之電壓低於可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時，其第三半導體42的集極D及源極S導通，此時電池200開始執行放電動作，其電流方向為由電池200的正電端經過負載再經過第三半導體42的源極S及集極D，再回到電池200的負電端，而完成電池200的放電動作，其第三半導體42的源極S及集極D導通之原理是因為N通道金屬氧化半導體場效電晶體具有雙向性導電之特徵；當電池200執行充電動作時，若設電池200之電壓低於可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時，其第三半導體42的集極D及源極S導通，此時電池200開始執行充電動作，其電流方向為由充電裝置300的正電端G+經過電池200的正電端，電池200的負電端再經過第三半導體42的集極D及源極S，再回到充電裝置300的負電端G-，而完成電池200的充電動作；本發明在執行電池200充電或放電動作時，就是應用此第三半導體42為具有雙向性導電之特徵。 As shown in FIG. 1, when the charging operation of the battery 200 is completed, the charging device 300 is changed to a load, and the load is not marked in FIG. When the battery 200 performs the discharge operation, if the voltage of the battery 200 is lower than the reference voltage Vref 2.5V of the adjustable precision parallel connection regulator 13, the collector D and the source S of the third semiconductor 42 are turned on, and the battery 200 is turned on at this time. The discharge operation is started, and the current direction is from the positive terminal of the battery 200 to the source S and the collector D of the third semiconductor 42 through the load, and then returns to the negative terminal of the battery 200 to complete the discharge operation of the battery 200. The principle that the source S and the collector D of the third semiconductor 42 are turned on is because the N-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor has the characteristics of bidirectional conduction; when the battery 200 performs the charging operation, if the voltage of the battery 200 is lower than When the reference voltage Vref 2.5V of the precision parallel connection regulator 13 can be adjusted, the collector D and the source S of the third semiconductor 42 are turned on, and at this time, the battery 200 starts to perform a charging operation, and the current direction thereof is positive by the charging device 300. The electric terminal G+ passes through the positive terminal of the battery 200, and the negative terminal of the battery 200 passes through the collector D and the source S of the third semiconductor 42 and returns to the negative terminal G- of the charging device 300 to complete the charging operation of the battery 200. The present invention is performing the battery 200 When power or discharge operation, is the application of this third bi-directional semiconductor 42 having the conductive characteristic.

如圖2所示，為本發明電池過電壓保護裝置的第一實施例，自圖3可知，為多個圖1所示的電池過電壓保護裝置100的正電端V+及負電端V-之間連接電池200及第三半導體42成為一組電池電路，電池過電壓保護裝置100的正電端V+及負電端V-之間連接電池200及第三半導體42的第一電路稱為第一電池電路400；電池過電壓保護裝置100的正電端V+及負電端V-之間連接電池200及第三半導體42的第二電路稱為第二電池電路500；電池過電壓保護裝置100的正電端V+及負電端V-之間連接電池200及第三半導體42的第三電路稱為第三電池電路600；電池過 電壓保護裝置100的正電端V+及負電端V-之間連接電池200及第三半導體42的第N電路稱為第N電池電路700；其第一電池電路400的正電端V+連接充電裝置300的正電端G+，第N電池電路700的負電端V-連接充電裝置300的負電端G-。 As shown in FIG. 2, it is a first embodiment of the battery overvoltage protection device of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the positive voltage terminal V+ and the negative terminal V- of the battery overvoltage protection device 100 shown in FIG. The inter-connected battery 200 and the third semiconductor 42 are a set of battery circuits, and the first circuit connecting the battery 200 and the third semiconductor 42 between the positive terminal V+ and the negative terminal V- of the battery overvoltage protection device 100 is referred to as a first battery. The circuit 400; the second circuit connecting the battery 200 and the third semiconductor 42 between the positive terminal V+ and the negative terminal V- of the battery overvoltage protection device 100 is referred to as a second battery circuit 500; and the battery overvoltage protection device 100 is positively charged. The third circuit connecting the battery 200 and the third semiconductor 42 between the terminal V+ and the negative terminal V- is referred to as a third battery circuit 600; The Nth circuit connecting the battery 200 and the third semiconductor 42 between the positive terminal V+ and the negative terminal V- of the voltage protection device 100 is referred to as an Nth battery circuit 700; and the positive terminal V+ of the first battery circuit 400 is connected to the charging device The positive terminal G+ of the 300, the negative terminal V- of the Nth battery circuit 700 is connected to the negative terminal G- of the charging device 300.

如圖2所示，其動作原理為： As shown in Figure 2, the principle of operation is:

1.當充電裝置300對第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700執行充電動作時，各電池電路的電池200電位逐漸上升，而未達到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700執行充電動作。 1. When the charging device 300 performs a charging operation on the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, the third battery circuit 600, and the Nth battery circuit 700, the potential of the battery 200 of each battery circuit gradually rises and does not reach an adjustable state. When the reference voltage Vref of the regulator 13 is closely connected to 2.5 V: at this time, the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, the third battery circuit 600, and the Nth battery circuit 700 perform a charging operation.

2.當充電裝置300對第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700執行充電動作時，第一電池電路400的電池200電位先達到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時第一電池電路400中的電池過電壓保護裝置100的第二半導體32的集極D及源極S導通，因而分流電阻33有電流通過而執行分流作用，第三半導體42的集極D及源極S開路，以保護電池200安全，可以避免電池200因其過高電壓造成損壞，而達到過高電壓保護之目的，其餘第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700繼續執行充電動作。 2. When the charging device 300 performs a charging operation on the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, the third battery circuit 600, and the Nth battery circuit 700, the potential of the battery 200 of the first battery circuit 400 reaches the adjustable precision first. When the reference voltage Vref of the regulator 13 is 2.5 V: at this time, the collector D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 of the battery overvoltage protection device 100 in the first battery circuit 400 are turned on, and thus the shunt resistor 33 has a current flowing therethrough. The shunting action is performed, and the collector D and the source S of the third semiconductor 42 are opened to protect the battery 200 from being safe, and the battery 200 can be prevented from being damaged due to excessive voltage, thereby achieving the purpose of excessive voltage protection, and the remaining second battery circuits. 500, the third battery circuit 600 and the Nth battery circuit 700 continue to perform the charging operation.

3.當充電裝置300對第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700執行充電動作時，第一電池電路400與第二電池電路500的電池200電位達到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考 電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時第一電池電路400與第二電池電路500中的電池過電壓保護裝置100的第二半導體32的集極D及源極S導通，因而分流電阻33有電流通過而執行分流作用，第三半導體42的集極D及源極S開路，以保護電池200安全，可以避免電池200因其過高電壓造成損壞，而達到過高電壓保護之目的，其餘第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700繼續執行充電動作。 3. When the charging device 300 performs a charging operation on the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, the third battery circuit 600, and the Nth battery circuit 700, the battery potential of the first battery circuit 400 and the second battery circuit 500 A reference to the adjustable precision parallel regulator 13 When the voltage Vref is 2.5 V: at this time, the first battery circuit 400 and the collector D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 of the battery overvoltage protection device 100 in the second battery circuit 500 are turned on, and thus the shunt resistor 33 has a current flowing therethrough. The shunting action is performed, and the collector D and the source S of the third semiconductor 42 are opened to protect the battery 200 from being safe, and the battery 200 can be prevented from being damaged due to excessive voltage, thereby achieving the purpose of excessive voltage protection, and the remaining third battery circuits. The 600 and Nth battery circuit 700 continue to perform the charging operation.

4.當充電裝置300對第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700執行充電動作時，第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500及第三電池電路600的電池200電位達到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500及第三電池電路600中的電池過電壓保護裝置100的第二半導體32的集極D及源極S導通，因而分流電阻33有電流通過而執行分流作用，第三半導體42的集極D及源極S開路，以保護電池200安全，可以避免電池200因其過高電壓造成損壞，而達到過高電壓保護之目的，其第N電池電路700繼續執行充電動作。 4. When the charging device 300 performs a charging operation on the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, the third battery circuit 600, and the Nth battery circuit 700, the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, and the third battery When the potential of the battery 200 of the circuit 600 reaches the reference voltage Vref 2.5V of the adjustable precision parallel connection regulator 13 : the battery over voltage protection device 100 in the first battery circuit 400 , the second battery circuit 500 and the third battery circuit 600 at this time The collector D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 are turned on, so that the shunt resistor 33 has a current passing through to perform a shunting action, and the collector D and the source S of the third semiconductor 42 are opened to protect the battery 200 from being safe, and the battery can be avoided. The Nth battery circuit 700 continues to perform the charging operation for the purpose of over-voltage protection due to damage caused by its excessive voltage.

5.當充電裝置300對第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700執行充電動作時，第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700的電池200電位達到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700中的電池過電壓保護裝置100的第二半導體32的集極D及源極S導 通，因而分流電阻33有電流通過而執行分流作用，第三半導體42的集極D及源極S開路，可以保護電池200安全，以避免電池200因其過高電壓造成損壞，而達到過高電壓保護之目的，而其充電電流變小，充電裝置300的充電任務完成；在實際的充電過程中其第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700執行充電動作時，其電位達到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V之順序是不一定是依第一電池電路400、第二電池電路500、第三電池電路600及第N電池電路700的順序，在此特別聲明，但其動作原理相同。 5. When the charging device 300 performs a charging operation on the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, the third battery circuit 600, and the Nth battery circuit 700, the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, and the third battery When the potential of the battery 200 of the circuit 600 and the Nth battery circuit 700 reaches the reference voltage Vref 2.5V of the adjustable precision parallel connection regulator 13, the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, the third battery circuit 600 and the first The collector D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 of the battery overvoltage protection device 100 in the N battery circuit 700 Therefore, the shunt resistor 33 has a current passing through to perform the shunting action, and the collector D and the source S of the third semiconductor 42 are open to protect the battery 200 from being safe to prevent the battery 200 from being damaged due to excessive voltage. For the purpose of voltage protection, the charging current is reduced, the charging task of the charging device 300 is completed; in the actual charging process, the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, the third battery circuit 600, and the Nth battery circuit 700 When the charging operation is performed, the order in which the potential reaches the adjustable precision and the reference voltage Vref 2.5V of the regulator 13 is not necessarily in accordance with the first battery circuit 400, the second battery circuit 500, the third battery circuit 600, and the Nth battery. The sequence of circuit 700 is specifically stated herein, but the principles of operation are the same.

如圖3所示，為本發明電池過電壓保護裝置的第二實施例，自圖3可知，為在圖1本發明電池過電壓保護裝置，不用第三半導體電路40，其他電路結構完全與圖1相同，而不贅述；其動作原理為： As shown in FIG. 3, it is a second embodiment of the battery overvoltage protection device of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 3, in the battery overvoltage protection device of the present invention, the third semiconductor circuit 40 is not used, and other circuit structures are completely identical. 1 is the same, not repeated; its principle of action is:

1.當充電裝置300對電池200執行充電動作時，電池200電位逐漸上升，而未達到高於可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時可調整精密並接調整器13之陽極端A及陰極端K開路，第一半導體23的基極B的正電位高於第一半導體23的射極E的正電位，因而第一半導體23開路，第一半導體23的受極C無電壓供給第二半導體32的閘極G，此時第二半導體32的集極D及源極S開路，因而分流電阻33無電流通過。 1. When the charging device 300 performs a charging operation on the battery 200, the potential of the battery 200 gradually rises, and does not reach a reference voltage Vref 2.5V higher than the adjustable precision parallel connection adjuster 13: the precision parallel connection adjuster can be adjusted at this time. The anode terminal A and the cathode terminal K of 13 are open, the positive potential of the base B of the first semiconductor 23 is higher than the positive potential of the emitter E of the first semiconductor 23, and thus the first semiconductor 23 is open, and the first semiconductor 23 is biased. C is supplied with no voltage to the gate G of the second semiconductor 32. At this time, the collector D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 are open, and thus the shunt resistor 33 has no current.

2.當充電裝置300對電池200執行充電動作時，電池200電位逐漸上升，而達到高於可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時可調整精密並接調整器13之陽極端A及陰極端K導通，第一半導體23的基極B的正電位低於第 一半導體23的射極E的正電位，因而第一半導體23導通，第一半導體23的受極C供給電壓給第二半導體32的閘極G，此時第二半導體32的集極D及源極S導通，因而分流電阻33有電流通過而執行分流作用，以保護正電端V+及負電端V-間之電池200安全，以避免電池200因其過高電壓造成損壞，而達到過高電壓保護之目的。 2. When the charging device 300 performs a charging operation on the battery 200, the potential of the battery 200 gradually rises to reach a reference voltage Vref 2.5V higher than the adjustable precision parallel connection adjuster 13: the precision parallel connection adjuster 13 can be adjusted at this time. The anode terminal A and the cathode terminal K are turned on, and the positive potential of the base B of the first semiconductor 23 is lower than the first A positive potential of the emitter E of the semiconductor 23, and thus the first semiconductor 23 is turned on, and the terminal C of the first semiconductor 23 supplies a voltage to the gate G of the second semiconductor 32, at which point the collector D of the second semiconductor 32 and the source The pole S is turned on, so that the shunt resistor 33 has a current to pass through to perform shunting to protect the battery 200 between the positive terminal V+ and the negative terminal V- to prevent the battery 200 from being damaged due to its excessive voltage, thereby reaching an excessive voltage. The purpose of protection.

3.當充電裝置300對電池200執行充電動作時，電池200電位繼續達到高於可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時第一可調整精密並接調整器13之陽極端A及陰極端K導通，第一半導體23的基極B的正電位低於第一半導體23的射極E的正電位，因而第一半導體23導通，第一半導體23的受極C供給電壓給第二半導體32的閘極G，此時第二半導體32的集極D及源極S導通，因而分流電阻33有電流通過而繼續執行分流作用，以保護正電端V+及負電端V-之間電池200之安全。 3. When the charging device 300 performs a charging operation on the battery 200, the potential of the battery 200 continues to reach a reference voltage Vref 2.5V higher than the adjustable precision parallel connection adjuster 13: at this time, the first adjustable precision parallel connection adjuster 13 The anode terminal A and the cathode terminal K are turned on, and the positive potential of the base B of the first semiconductor 23 is lower than the positive potential of the emitter E of the first semiconductor 23, so that the first semiconductor 23 is turned on, and the terminal C of the first semiconductor 23 is supplied. The voltage is applied to the gate G of the second semiconductor 32. At this time, the collector D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 are turned on, so that the shunt resistor 33 has a current to continue to perform the shunting action to protect the positive terminal V+ and the negative terminal V. - The safety of the battery 200 between.

如圖3所示，可用多個圖3所示之電池過電壓保護裝置100的正電端V+及負電端V-之間連接電池200，電池過電壓保護裝置100的正電端V+及負電端V-之間連接電池200亦可成為一組電池電路，並可以將多組電池電路串聯連接於充電裝置300，如圖2所示之電路連接，而不予自限。 As shown in FIG. 3, the battery 200 can be connected between the positive terminal V+ and the negative terminal V- of the battery overvoltage protection device 100 shown in FIG. 3, and the positive terminal V+ and the negative terminal of the battery overvoltage protection device 100. The V-connected battery 200 can also be a set of battery circuits, and a plurality of sets of battery circuits can be connected in series to the charging device 300, such as the circuit connection shown in FIG. 2, without being self-limiting.

如圖4所示，為本發明電池過電壓保護裝置的第三實施例，自圖4可知，為在圖1本發明電池過電壓保護裝置100，將第三半導體電路40以第四半導體電路50及第五半導體電路60替換，因為其功能相同而稱第四半導體電路50及第五半導體電路60為第三半導 體電路40的等功能電路(Equivalent Function Circuit)，其等功能電路的第四半導體電路50包括有第三閘極電阻51及第四半導體52，第四半導體52為N通道金屬氧化半導體場效電晶體，其體內含有體二極體，第三閘極電阻51的一端連接第四半導體52的閘極G及第二半導體32的集極D，第三閘極電阻51的另一端連接負電端V-，第四半導體52的集極D連接第五半導體62的閘極G及第四閘極電阻61的另一端，第四半導體52的源極S連接負電端V-；第五半導體電路60包括有第四閘極電阻61及第五半導體62，第五半導體62為P通道金屬氧化半導體場效電晶體(P Channel Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor)，其體內含有體二極體，第四閘極電阻61的另一端連接第四半導體52的集極D及第五半導體62的閘極G，第四閘極電阻61的一端連接正電端V+，第五半導體62的源極S連接正電端V+，第五半導體62的集極D連接電池200的正電端；其他電路結構完全與圖1相同，而不贅述。 As shown in FIG. 4, it is a third embodiment of the battery overvoltage protection device of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 4, in the battery overvoltage protection device 100 of the present invention, the third semiconductor circuit 40 is the fourth semiconductor circuit 50. And replacing the fifth semiconductor circuit 60, because the functions are the same, the fourth semiconductor circuit 50 and the fifth semiconductor circuit 60 are referred to as the third semiconductor The Equivalent Function Circuit of the body circuit 40, the fourth semiconductor circuit 50 of the functional circuit includes a third gate resistor 51 and a fourth semiconductor 52, and the fourth semiconductor 52 is an N-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor. a crystal having a body diode therein, one end of the third gate resistor 51 is connected to the gate G of the fourth semiconductor 52 and the collector D of the second semiconductor 32, and the other end of the third gate resistor 51 is connected to the negative terminal V. The collector D of the fourth semiconductor 52 is connected to the other end of the gate G and the fourth gate resistor 61 of the fifth semiconductor 62, and the source S of the fourth semiconductor 52 is connected to the negative terminal V-; the fifth semiconductor circuit 60 includes There is a fourth gate resistor 61 and a fifth semiconductor 62. The fifth semiconductor 62 is a P-channel metal-Oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (P-channel Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), which contains a body diode, and a fourth The other end of the gate resistor 61 is connected to the collector D of the fourth semiconductor 52 and the gate G of the fifth semiconductor 62. One end of the fourth gate resistor 61 is connected to the positive terminal V+, and the source S of the fifth semiconductor 62 is connected to the source. Electrical terminal V+, collector D of fifth semiconductor 62 Then the positively charged end of the battery 200; others exactly the same as the circuit configuration of FIG. 1, and not described herein.

如圖4所示，其動作原理為： As shown in Figure 4, the principle of operation is:

1.當正電端V+的電壓由低電壓逐漸上升，但是低於可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時可調整精密並接調整器13之陽極端A及陰極端K開路，第一半導體23的基極B的正電位高於第一半導體23的射極E的正電位，因而第一半導體23開路，第一半導體23的受極C無電壓供給第二半導體32的閘極G，此時第二半導體32的集極D及源極S開路，因而分流電阻33無電流通過，此時分流電阻33之另一端供應正電壓於第四半導體52的閘極G，於是第四半導體52的集極D及源極S導通， 第五半導體62的閘極G為與負電端V-導通，因第五半導體62的源極S及集極D導通，電池200由充電裝置300執行充電動作。 1. When the voltage of the positive terminal V+ gradually rises from the low voltage, but is lower than the reference voltage Vref 2.5V of the adjustable precision parallel connection regulator 13: the anode terminal A and the anode of the precision parallel connection adjuster 13 can be adjusted at this time. The extreme K is open, the positive potential of the base B of the first semiconductor 23 is higher than the positive potential of the emitter E of the first semiconductor 23, and thus the first semiconductor 23 is open, and the terminal C of the first semiconductor 23 is supplied with no voltage to the second semiconductor. The gate G of 32, at this time, the collector D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 are open, and thus the shunt resistor 33 has no current flowing. At this time, the other end of the shunt resistor 33 supplies a positive voltage to the gate G of the fourth semiconductor 52. Then, the collector D and the source S of the fourth semiconductor 52 are turned on, The gate G of the fifth semiconductor 62 is electrically connected to the negative terminal V-, and the source S and the collector D of the fifth semiconductor 62 are turned on, and the battery 200 is charged by the charging device 300.

2.當正電端V+的電壓由低電壓逐漸上升，到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時：此時可調整精密並接調整器13之陽極端A及陰極端K導通，第一半導體23的基極B的正電位低於第一半導體23的射極E的正電位，因而第一半導體23導通，第一半導體23的受極C供給電壓給第二半導體32的閘極G，此時第二半導體32的集極D及源極S導通，而分流電阻33有電流通過而執行分流作用，因第二半導體32的集極D與源極S導通，此時分流電阻33之另一端無正電壓供應第四半導體52的閘極G，於是第四半導體52的集極D及源極S開路，第五半導體62的閘極G為與正電端V+導通，因第五半導體62的源極S及集極D開路，充電裝置300對電池200不執行充電動作，以避免電池200因其過高電壓造成損壞，而達到過高電壓保護之目的。 2. When the voltage of the positive terminal V+ is gradually increased from the low voltage to the reference voltage Vref 2.5V of the adjustable precision parallel connection regulator 13, the anode end A and the cathode terminal K of the precision parallel connection adjuster 13 can be adjusted at this time. Turning on, the positive potential of the base B of the first semiconductor 23 is lower than the positive potential of the emitter E of the first semiconductor 23, and thus the first semiconductor 23 is turned on, and the terminal C of the first semiconductor 23 supplies a voltage to the second semiconductor 32. Gate G, at this time, the collector D and the source S of the second semiconductor 32 are turned on, and the shunt resistor 33 has a current passing through to perform the shunting action, because the collector D of the second semiconductor 32 is turned on and the source S is turned on. The other end of the resistor 33 is supplied with no positive voltage to the gate G of the fourth semiconductor 52, so that the collector D and the source S of the fourth semiconductor 52 are open, and the gate G of the fifth semiconductor 62 is electrically connected to the positive terminal V+. The source S and the collector D of the fifth semiconductor 62 are open, and the charging device 300 does not perform a charging operation on the battery 200 to prevent the battery 200 from being damaged due to excessive voltage, thereby achieving the purpose of excessive voltage protection.

3.當正電端V+的電壓由低電壓逐漸上升，到可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V以上時：此時可調整精密並接調整器13之陽極端A及陰極端K導通，第一半導體23的基極B的正電位低於第一半導體23的射極E的正電位，因而第一半導體23導通，第一半導體23的受極C供給電壓給第二半導體32的閘極G，此時第二半導體32的集極D及源極S導通，因而分流電阻33有電流通過而執行分流作用，只是其經過分流電阻33的分流電流增加而己，因第二半導體32的集極D與源極S導通，此時分流電阻33之另一端無正電壓供應第四半導體52的閘 極G，於是第四半導體52的集極D及源極S開路，第五半導體62的閘極G為與正電端V+導通，因第五半導體62的源極S及集極D開路，充電裝置300對電池200仍繼續不執行充電動作，以避免電池200因其過高電壓造成損壞，而達到過高電壓保護之目的。 3. When the voltage of the positive terminal V+ gradually rises from the low voltage to the reference voltage Vref of 2.5V or more of the adjustable precision parallel connection regulator 13: the anode terminal A and the cathode terminal of the precision parallel connection regulator 13 can be adjusted at this time. K is turned on, the positive potential of the base B of the first semiconductor 23 is lower than the positive potential of the emitter E of the first semiconductor 23, and thus the first semiconductor 23 is turned on, and the terminal C of the first semiconductor 23 supplies a voltage to the second semiconductor 32. The gate G of the second semiconductor 32 is turned on at this time, so that the shunt resistor 33 has a current to pass through, and the shunting action is performed, but the shunt current passing through the shunt resistor 33 is increased, because the second semiconductor The collector D of 32 is turned on with the source S, and at this time, the other end of the shunt resistor 33 has no positive voltage to supply the gate of the fourth semiconductor 52. The pole G, so that the collector D and the source S of the fourth semiconductor 52 are open, the gate G of the fifth semiconductor 62 is electrically connected to the positive terminal V+, and the source S and the collector D of the fifth semiconductor 62 are open, and charging is performed. The device 300 continues to perform no charging action on the battery 200 to prevent the battery 200 from being damaged due to its excessive voltage, thereby achieving the purpose of excessive voltage protection.

如圖4所示，當電池200充電動作完成時，將充電裝置300改為負載，在圖4中並未標示出負載，當電池200執行放電動作時，若設電池200之電壓低於可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時，其第五半導體62的集極D及源極S導通，此時電池200開始執行放電動作，其電流方向為由電池200的正電端經過第五半導體62的集極D及源極S，再經過負載，再回到電池200的負電端，而完成電池200的放電動作，其第五半導體62的集極D及源極S導通之原理是因為P通道金屬氧化半導體場效電晶體具有雙向性導電之特徵；當電池200執行充電動作時，若設電池200之電壓低於可調整精密並接調整器13之參考電壓Vref 2.5V時，其第五半導體62的集極D及源極S導通，此時電池200開始執行充電動作，其電流方向為由充電裝置300的正電端G+經過第五半導體62的源極S及集極D，再經過電池200的正電端，電池200的負電端，再回到充電裝置300的負電端G-，而完成電池200的充電動作；本發明在執行電池200充電或放電動作時，就是應用此第五半導體62為具有雙向性導電之特徵。 As shown in FIG. 4, when the charging operation of the battery 200 is completed, the charging device 300 is changed to a load, and the load is not marked in FIG. 4. When the battery 200 performs a discharging operation, if the voltage of the battery 200 is lower than the adjustable When the reference voltage Vref of the regulator 13 is closely connected, the collector D and the source S of the fifth semiconductor 62 are turned on. At this time, the battery 200 starts to perform a discharge operation, and the current direction is passed by the positive terminal of the battery 200. The collector D and the source S of the fifth semiconductor 62 are again loaded and returned to the negative terminal of the battery 200 to complete the discharge operation of the battery 200, and the principle of the collector D and the source S of the fifth semiconductor 62 is turned on. The P-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor has the characteristics of bidirectional conduction; when the battery 200 performs the charging operation, if the voltage of the battery 200 is lower than the reference voltage Vref 2.5V of the adjustable precision parallel connection regulator 13, The collector D and the source S of the fifth semiconductor 62 are turned on. At this time, the battery 200 starts to perform a charging operation, and the current direction thereof is from the positive terminal G+ of the charging device 300 to the source S and the collector D of the fifth semiconductor 62. And then through the positive terminal of battery 200 The negative terminal of the battery 200 is returned to the negative terminal G- of the charging device 300 to complete the charging operation of the battery 200. When the charging or discharging operation of the battery 200 is performed, the fifth semiconductor 62 is applied to have bidirectional conductivity. Characteristics.

如圖4所示，可用多個圖4所示之電池過電壓保護裝置100的正電端V+及負電端V-之間連接第五半導體62及電池200，電池過電壓保護裝置100的正電 端V+及負電端V-之間連接第五半導體62及電池200亦可成為一組電池電路，並可以將多組電池電路串聯連接於充電裝置300，如圖2所示之電路連接，而不予自限。 As shown in FIG. 4, the fifth semiconductor 62 and the battery 200 can be connected between the positive terminal V+ and the negative terminal V- of the battery overvoltage protection device 100 shown in FIG. 4, and the battery overvoltage protection device 100 is positively charged. The fifth semiconductor 62 and the battery 200 connected between the terminal V+ and the negative terminal V- can also be a group of battery circuits, and the plurality of battery circuits can be connected in series to the charging device 300, as shown in the circuit of FIG. Self-limited.

以上所述實施例僅是為充分說明本發明所舉的較佳的實施例，本發明的保護範圍不限於此。本技術領域的技術人員，在本發明基礎上所作的等同替代或變換，皆在本發明的保護範圍內。本發明的保護範圍以申請專利範圍書為準。 The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or alterations made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is based on the scope of the patent application.

10‧‧‧可調整精密並接調整器電路 10‧‧‧Adjustable precision parallel connection regulator circuit

11‧‧‧第一電阻 11‧‧‧First resistance

12‧‧‧第二電阻 12‧‧‧second resistance

13‧‧‧可調整精密並接調整器 13‧‧‧Adjustable precision parallel adjuster

20‧‧‧第一半導體電路 20‧‧‧First semiconductor circuit

21‧‧‧第一半導體的基極電阻 21‧‧‧Base resistance of the first semiconductor

22‧‧‧第一半導體的射極電阻 22‧‧‧ the emitter resistance of the first semiconductor

23‧‧‧第一半導體 23‧‧‧First Semiconductor

30‧‧‧第二半導體電路 30‧‧‧Second semiconductor circuit

31‧‧‧第一閘極電阻 31‧‧‧First gate resistor

32‧‧‧第二半導體 32‧‧‧Second Semiconductor

33‧‧‧分流電阻 33‧‧‧Shunt resistor

40‧‧‧第三半導體電路 40‧‧‧ Third semiconductor circuit

41‧‧‧第二閘極電阻 41‧‧‧Second gate resistor

42‧‧‧第三半導體 42‧‧‧ Third Semiconductor

100‧‧‧電池過電壓保護裝置 100‧‧‧Battery overvoltage protection device

200‧‧‧電池 200‧‧‧Battery

300‧‧‧充電裝置 300‧‧‧Charging device

V+‧‧‧正電端 V+‧‧‧ positive terminal

V-‧‧‧負電端 V-‧‧‧ negative terminal

Claims (10)

一種電池過電壓保護裝置，具有電池在充電中過高電壓保護之功能，該電池過電壓保護裝置包括：一可調整精密並接調整器電路，包括有可調整精密並接調整器、第一電阻及第二電阻，電性連接第一半導體電路；一第一半導體電路，包括有第一半導體、射極電阻及基極電阻，電性連接第二半導體電路；一第二半導體電路，包括有第二半導體、第一閘極電阻及分流電阻，電性連接第三半導體電路；及一第三半導體電路，包括有第三半導體及第二閘極電阻，該第三半導體之源極電性連接負電端。 The utility model relates to a battery over-voltage protection device, which has the function of protecting a battery from excessive voltage during charging. The battery over-voltage protection device comprises: an adjustable precision parallel connection adjuster circuit, comprising an adjustable precision parallel connection adjuster and a first resistor And a second resistor electrically connected to the first semiconductor circuit; a first semiconductor circuit comprising a first semiconductor, an emitter resistor and a base resistor electrically connected to the second semiconductor circuit; and a second semiconductor circuit including the first a semiconductor, a first gate resistor and a shunt resistor electrically connected to the third semiconductor circuit; and a third semiconductor circuit including a third semiconductor and a second gate resistor, wherein the source of the third semiconductor is electrically connected to the negative end. 如申請專利範圍第1項的電池過電壓保護裝置，其中該可調整精密並接調整器的陰極端為電性連接該第一半導體的基極。 The battery overvoltage protection device of claim 1, wherein the cathode end of the adjustable precision parallel connection regulator is electrically connected to the base of the first semiconductor. 如申請專利範圍第1項的電池過電壓保護裝置，其中該第一半導體的受極為電性連接該第二半導體的閘極。 The battery overvoltage protection device of claim 1, wherein the first semiconductor is electrically connected to the gate of the second semiconductor. 如申請專利範圍第1項的電池過電壓保護裝置，其中該第二半導體的集極為電性連接該第三半導體之閘極。 The battery overvoltage protection device of claim 1, wherein the set of the second semiconductor is electrically connected to the gate of the third semiconductor. 如申請專利範圍第1項的電池過電壓保護裝置，其中該分流電阻的一端電性連接正電端，及該分流電阻的另一端電性連接該第二半導體之集極。 The battery overvoltage protection device of claim 1, wherein one end of the shunt resistor is electrically connected to the positive terminal, and the other end of the shunt resistor is electrically connected to the collector of the second semiconductor. 如申請專利範圍第1項的電池過電壓保護裝置，其中該第三半導體在執行電池充電動作時其電流方向為由該第三半導體的集極到源極，或該第三半導體在執行該電池放電動作時其電流方向為由該第三半導體的源極到集極。 The battery overvoltage protection device of claim 1, wherein the third semiconductor performs a battery charging operation when the current direction is from the collector to the source of the third semiconductor, or the third semiconductor is executing the battery. In the discharge operation, the current direction is from the source of the third semiconductor to the collector. 如申請專利範圍第1項的電池過電壓保護裝置，其中該第三半導體電路．可以由功能相同的等功能電路替代。 1. The battery overvoltage protection device of claim 1, wherein the third semiconductor circuit. It can be replaced by functional circuits with the same function. 如申請專利範圍第5項的電池過電壓保護裝置，其中該正電端電性連接電池的正電端，該電池的負電端電性連接該第三半導體之集極，及該第三半導體之源極電性連接該負電端串聯連接成為一組電池電路，該電池電路為一組或一組以上串聯電性連接於充電裝置。 The battery over-voltage protection device of claim 5, wherein the positive terminal is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery, the negative terminal of the battery is electrically connected to the collector of the third semiconductor, and the third semiconductor The source electrically connected to the negative terminal is connected in series to form a battery circuit, and the battery circuit is electrically connected to the charging device in one or more sets in series. 一種電池過電壓保護裝置，具有電池在充電中過高電壓保護之功能，該電池過電壓保護裝置包括：一可調整精密並接調整器電路，包括有可調整精密並接調整器、第一電阻及第二電阻，電性連接第一半導體電路；一第一半導體電路，包括有第一半導體、射極電阻及基極電阻，電性連接第二半導體電路；及一第二半導體電路，包括有第二半導體、第一閘極電阻及分流電阻，該分流電阻的一端電性連接正電端，該第二半導體之源極電性連接負電端。 The utility model relates to a battery over-voltage protection device, which has the function of protecting a battery from excessive voltage during charging. The battery over-voltage protection device comprises: an adjustable precision parallel connection adjuster circuit, comprising an adjustable precision parallel connection adjuster and a first resistor And a second resistor electrically connected to the first semiconductor circuit; a first semiconductor circuit comprising a first semiconductor, an emitter resistor and a base resistor electrically connected to the second semiconductor circuit; and a second semiconductor circuit including The second semiconductor, the first gate resistor and the shunt resistor, one end of the shunt resistor is electrically connected to the positive terminal, and the source of the second semiconductor is electrically connected to the negative terminal. 如申請專利範圍第9項的電池過電壓保護裝置，其中該正電端電性連接電池的正電端，及該負電端電性連接該電池的負電端。 The battery overvoltage protection device of claim 9, wherein the positive terminal is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and the negative terminal is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery.