TWI553070B - Preparation of Thermal Insulation Paint - Google Patents
Preparation of Thermal Insulation Paint Download PDFInfo
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本發明係關於一種導熱絕緣漆料之製備方法、導熱絕緣漆料層、包含其之漆包線及其製備方法；尤指一種應用於馬達的導熱絕緣漆料層及包含其之漆包線。 The invention relates to a method for preparing a thermal conductive insulating paint, a thermal conductive insulating paint layer, an enameled wire comprising the same, and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a thermal conductive insulating paint layer applied to a motor and an enameled wire comprising the same.
漆包線係一種內部可供電流通過且與外部絕緣之線材，藉由調整其金屬導線之線徑與匝數、絕緣漆料層之材料與厚度等，使漆包線具有不同的特性，以便應用於各種電子、電機產品中。 The enameled wire is a wire that is internally insulated and insulated from the outside. By adjusting the wire diameter and the number of turns of the metal wire, the material and thickness of the insulating paint layer, etc., the enameled wire has different characteristics for application to various electrons. In the motor products.
一般業界在製作漆包線時，會在金屬導線之表面塗佈絕緣漆料，再經由高溫烘烤製程而於金屬導線之表面上形成一絕緣漆料層。為了確保電子、電機產品之性能，漆包線之絕緣漆料層必須兼具熱傳導性、密著性、耐熱衝擊性、可撓性、電氣絕緣性以及高於特定值之崩潰電壓。 In the industry, when an enameled wire is produced, an insulating paint is applied to the surface of the metal wire, and an insulating paint layer is formed on the surface of the metal wire through a high-temperature baking process. In order to ensure the performance of electronic and electrical products, the insulating paint layer of the enameled wire must have thermal conductivity, adhesion, thermal shock resistance, flexibility, electrical insulation and breakdown voltage above a certain value.
近年來，隨著馬達產業之蓬勃發展，漆包線之品質與性能扮演很重要的角色。於機器運轉之過程中，馬達產生大量的電流通過電磁線圈，當電流流經金屬導線時，會因金屬導線自身電阻發生電流熱效應而產生大量的熱能。因此，纏繞於馬達中的電磁線圈必需具備能快速排除瞬間大量熱能的能力，以維持機器正常運轉；故塗佈於金屬導線之絕緣漆料也必需具備良好的熱傳導性，以利快 速傳導大量的熱能，並將其順利排除。 In recent years, with the vigorous development of the motor industry, the quality and performance of the enameled wire plays an important role. During the operation of the machine, the motor generates a large amount of current through the electromagnetic coil. When the current flows through the metal wire, a large amount of thermal energy is generated due to the current thermal effect of the metal wire's own resistance. Therefore, the electromagnetic coil wound in the motor must have the ability to quickly eliminate a large amount of thermal energy in order to maintain the normal operation of the machine; therefore, the insulating paint applied to the metal wire must also have good thermal conductivity to facilitate A large amount of heat is transferred at a high speed and is smoothly eliminated.
然而，現有技術之絕緣漆料的熱傳導係數僅約0.1W/mK，致使應用於馬達之漆包線常有散熱功能不佳的問題，而造成線路短路。 However, the thermal conductivity of the prior art insulating paint is only about 0.1 W/mK, so that the enameled wire applied to the motor often has a problem of poor heat dissipation, resulting in short circuit.
為克服前述問題，美國專利公告第5011870號揭示一種在聚有機矽氧烷環氧樹脂中添加如氮化鋁或氮化硼之導熱填充顆粒的技術，藉以提升材料之導熱性質，應用在電子封裝材料；且當導熱填充顆粒的平均粒徑小於1微米時，改善材料之熱傳導性的效果最佳。然而，該篇專利僅提及混摻氮化物導熱填充顆粒之聚有機矽氧烷樹脂可以提升複合材料之熱傳導特性，但並未教示如何解決複合材料之加工性差的問題。 In order to overcome the aforementioned problems, U.S. Patent No. 5,011,870 discloses a technique for adding thermally conductive filler particles such as aluminum nitride or boron nitride to a polyorganosiloxane, thereby improving the thermal conductivity of the material and applying it to an electronic package. The material; and when the average particle diameter of the thermally conductive filler particles is less than 1 micrometer, the effect of improving the thermal conductivity of the material is optimal. However, this patent only mentions that the polyorganosiloxane resin mixed with the nitride thermally conductive filler particles can improve the heat transfer characteristics of the composite material, but does not teach how to solve the problem of poor workability of the composite material.
另外，美國專利公告第5828007提供一種由核心及散熱層所組成之系統，其散熱層包含聚氯乙烯及40至80重量百分比之氧化物，且該氧化物包含二氧化矽、三氧化二鋁、一氧化鎂、氮化硼或氧化鈹。然而，該篇專利所選用之氧化鈹有劇毒，而提高製程上環安管理之困難。 In addition, U.S. Patent No. 5,828,007 provides a system comprising a core and a heat dissipation layer, the heat dissipation layer comprising polyvinyl chloride and 40 to 80 weight percent of an oxide, and the oxide comprising cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, Magnesium oxide, boron nitride or cerium oxide. However, the cerium oxide selected for this patent is highly toxic, and it is difficult to improve the environmental management of the process.
此外，台灣新型專利公告第M403086號及台灣發明專利公開第201209859號皆揭示一種具散熱功能的漆包線結構改良，其由內至外包含金屬導線、至少一絕緣漆層及至少一呈不規則狀之散熱層；且該散熱層係由一導電材料及一絕緣漆料所組成，該導電材料具有微米至奈米等級之管狀、粉狀或顆粒狀結構。然而，前述兩篇專利僅提及上述結構改良能使漆包線在繞線過程因不規則之表面使相鄰漆包線間形成間隙，而產生空氣對流之透氣性，藉以 令漆包線能具有快速散熱的能力；但前述專利並未教示如何解決散熱層中顆粒狀結構與絕緣漆料間介面不匹配而造成其熱傳導性受到限制之問題。 In addition, the Taiwan Patent Publication No. M403086 and the Taiwan Patent Publication No. 201209859 all disclose an improved structure of an enameled wire having a heat dissipation function, which comprises a metal wire, at least one insulating lacquer layer and at least one irregular shape from the inside to the outside. a heat dissipation layer; and the heat dissipation layer is composed of a conductive material and an insulating paint material having a tubular, powder or granular structure of a micron to nanometer scale. However, the foregoing two patents only mention that the above structural improvement enables the enameled wire to generate air convection permeability due to the irregular surface forming a gap between adjacent enameled wires during the winding process. The enameled wire can have the ability to rapidly dissipate heat; however, the aforementioned patent does not teach how to solve the problem that the thermal conductivity of the heat-dissipating layer is not matched by the interface between the insulating paint and the thermal conductivity is limited.
有鑒於現有技術所面臨之技術缺陷，本發明之目的在於改善奈米導熱粒子與絕緣樹脂間介面不匹配之問題，進而提升導熱絕緣漆料層及包含其之漆包線的熱傳導性。 In view of the technical defects faced by the prior art, the object of the present invention is to improve the problem of mismatch between the interface between the nano-thermal conductive particles and the insulating resin, thereby improving the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive insulating paint layer and the enameled wire containing the same.
本發明之另一目的在於製備一種導熱絕緣漆料，其能經高溫烘烤後於金屬導線上形成一導熱絕緣漆料層，並確保該導熱絕緣漆料層及包含其之漆包線能兼具良好的密著性、耐熱衝擊性、可撓性、電氣絕緣性以及高於特定值之崩潰電壓。 Another object of the present invention is to prepare a heat conductive insulating paint material which can form a heat conductive insulating paint layer on a metal wire after high temperature baking, and ensures that the heat conductive insulating paint layer and the enameled wire containing the same can have good both. Adhesion, thermal shock resistance, flexibility, electrical insulation, and breakdown voltage above a certain value.
本發明之再一目的在於研發一種導熱絕緣漆料層及包含其之漆包線，其係選用較無毒的經改質之奈米導熱粒子作為原料，藉此避免製程上環安管理的問題。 A further object of the present invention is to develop a thermally conductive insulating paint layer and an enameled wire comprising the same, which uses a relatively non-toxic modified nano-thermally conductive particle as a raw material, thereby avoiding the problem of environmental management on the process.
為達成前述目的，本發明第一方面提供一種導熱絕緣漆料之製備方法，其包含：混合複數奈米導熱粒子、一有機矽烷偶合劑水解物及一有機溶劑，以獲得一經改質之奈米導熱粒子漿料，該經改質之奈米導熱粒子漿料包含複數經改質之奈米導熱粒子，該等經改質之奈米導熱粒子係為表面具有複數官能基之奈米導熱粒子，且該等官能基包含烯基、胺基、環氧基或其組合；以及混合該經改質之奈米導熱粒子漿料與一絕緣樹脂，以 製得該導熱絕緣漆料，其中該絕緣樹脂包含能與該等官能基反應之至少一反應基，該至少一反應基包含胺基、醯胺基、醯亞胺基、異氰酸基、酯基、羧基、醇基或其組合。 In order to achieve the foregoing object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a thermally conductive insulating paint comprising: mixing a plurality of nano thermal conductive particles, an organic decane coupling agent hydrolyzate, and an organic solvent to obtain a modified nanometer. a thermally conductive particle slurry, the modified nano thermal conductive particle slurry comprising a plurality of modified nano thermal conductive particles, wherein the modified nano thermal conductive particles are nano thermal conductive particles having a plurality of functional groups on the surface, And the functional groups comprise an alkenyl group, an amine group, an epoxy group or a combination thereof; and mixing the modified nano-thermal conductive particle slurry with an insulating resin to The thermally conductive insulating paint is prepared, wherein the insulating resin comprises at least one reactive group capable of reacting with the functional groups, the at least one reactive group comprising an amine group, a mercaptoamine group, a guanidino group, an isocyanate group, an ester Base, carboxyl group, alcohol group or a combination thereof.
依據本發明，由於該等奈米導熱粒子係與有機矽烷偶合劑水解物於有機溶劑中作用，故該等奈米導熱粒子之表面能藉由有機矽烷偶合劑進行改質，令奈米導熱粒子之表面形成有複數官能基。據此，該等奈米導熱粒子之表面經改質後不僅能具有較佳的分散性外；且該等經改質之奈米導熱粒子與絕緣樹脂混合後，經改質之奈米導熱粒子能藉由此官能基與絕緣樹脂之反應基作用並且產生鍵結，藉此改善及提升經改質之奈米導熱粒子與絕緣樹脂間的介面匹配性，進而提升導熱絕緣漆料的熱傳導性。 According to the present invention, since the nano thermal conductive particles and the organic decane coupling agent hydrolyzate act in an organic solvent, the surface of the nano thermal conductive particles can be modified by an organic decane coupling agent to make the nano thermal conductive particles The surface is formed with a plurality of functional groups. Accordingly, the surface of the nanometer heat conductive particles can not only have better dispersibility after modification; and the modified nano heat conductive particles are mixed with the insulating resin, and the modified nanometer heat conductive particles are modified. By reacting the functional group with the insulating resin and generating a bond, thereby improving and improving the interface matching between the modified nano-thermal conductive particles and the insulating resin, thereby improving the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive insulating paint.
較佳的，該有機矽烷偶合劑具有下列通式所示之結構：R1-(CH2)m-X-(CH2)n-Si-(O-R2)2(R3)；其中R1為碳數介於1至4之烯基、胺基(-NH2)或環氧基()，R2為氫基或碳數介於1至4之烷基，R3為碳數介於1至4之烷基或碳數介於1至4之烷氧基，X為-CH2-或-O-，m為介於0至4之整數，且n為介於0至3之整數。 Preferably, the organodecane coupling agent has a structure represented by the following formula: R 1 -(CH 2 ) m -X-(CH 2 ) n -Si-(OR 2 ) 2 (R 3 ); wherein R 1 Is an alkenyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an amine group (-NH 2 ) or an epoxy group ( And R 2 is a hydrogen group or an alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 to 4, and R 3 is an alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 to 4 or an alkoxy group having a carbon number of 1 to 4, and X is -CH 2 -or -O-,m is an integer between 0 and 4, and n is an integer between 0 and 3.
較佳的，以該絕緣樹脂之用量為100重量份，該經改質之奈米導熱粒子漿料之用量係介於10至250重量份。 Preferably, the modified nano-thermal conductive particle slurry is used in an amount of 10 to 250 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the insulating resin.
較佳的，以有機溶劑之用量為100重量份，該等奈米導熱粒子之用量係介於20至60重量份，該有機矽烷偶合劑水解物之用量係介於10至80重量份。 Preferably, the amount of the organic conductive solvent is from 100 to 60 parts by weight, and the amount of the organic decane coupling agent hydrolyzate is from 10 to 80 parts by weight.
較佳的，前述混合該等奈米導熱粒子、該有機矽烷偶合劑水解物及該有機溶劑以獲得該經改質之奈米導熱粒子漿料之步驟係包括：混合一有機矽烷偶合劑及一酸性溶液，以獲得該有機矽烷偶合劑水解物；以及混合該等奈米導熱粒子、該有機矽烷偶合劑水解物及該有機溶劑，以獲得該經改質之奈米導熱粒子漿料。 Preferably, the step of mixing the nano thermal conductive particles, the organic decane coupling agent hydrolyzate and the organic solvent to obtain the modified nano thermal conductive particle slurry comprises: mixing an organic decane coupling agent and a An acidic solution to obtain the organic decane coupling agent hydrolyzate; and mixing the nano thermal conductive particles, the organic decane coupling agent hydrolyzate, and the organic solvent to obtain the modified nano thermal conductive particle slurry.
於此，使用酸性溶液水解有機矽烷偶合劑能具有相互協調之水解與縮合速率，避免該有機矽烷偶合劑水解物不當膠結而不敷使用。 Herein, the hydrolysis of the organic decane coupling agent using the acidic solution can have mutually coordinated hydrolysis and condensation rates, and the organic decane coupling agent hydrolyzate is prevented from being improperly cemented.
較佳的，前述混合該等奈米導熱粒子、該有機矽烷偶合劑水解物及該有機溶劑以獲得該等經改質之奈米導熱粒子之漿料步驟係包括：混合100重量份之有機矽烷偶合劑及20至30重量份之酸性溶液，並於20至40℃下反應1至10小時，以獲得該有機矽烷偶合劑水解物；以及混合20至60重量份之奈米導熱粒子、10至80重量份之有機矽烷偶合劑水解物及100重量份之有機溶劑，以獲得該經改質之奈米導熱粒子漿料。 Preferably, the slurry step of mixing the nano thermal conductive particles, the organic decane coupling agent hydrolyzate and the organic solvent to obtain the modified nano thermal conductive particles comprises: mixing 100 parts by weight of the organic decane a coupling agent and 20 to 30 parts by weight of an acidic solution, and reacting at 20 to 40 ° C for 1 to 10 hours to obtain the organodecane coupling agent hydrolyzate; and mixing 20 to 60 parts by weight of the nanoparticle thermally conductive particles, 10 to 80 parts by weight of the organic decane coupling agent hydrolyzate and 100 parts by weight of the organic solvent to obtain the modified nano thermal conductive particle slurry.
依據本發明，由於酸性溶液之用量係控制於一適當範圍內，故能確保有機矽烷偶合劑進行所欲之水解反應，同時避免有機矽烷偶合劑進行開環反應，並能避免過多的酸性溶液干擾後續有機矽烷偶合劑水解物與絕緣樹脂之間的反應作用。 According to the present invention, since the amount of the acidic solution is controlled within an appropriate range, the organic decane coupling agent can be surely subjected to the desired hydrolysis reaction, while avoiding the ring opening reaction of the organic decane coupling agent, and avoiding excessive acid solution interference. The reaction between the subsequent organic decane coupling agent hydrolysate and the insulating resin.
本發明適用之酸性溶液包含任何能水解有機矽 烷偶合劑之溶液，例如：硝酸、鹽酸或醋酸，但並非僅限於此。較佳的，該酸性溶液之酸鹼值(pH value)係小於或等於5。更佳的，該酸性溶液為硝酸，其能有利於縮短水解時間，藉以降低製作成本。 The acidic solution suitable for the present invention contains any hydrolyzable organic hydrazine A solution of an alkane coupling agent such as nitric acid, hydrochloric acid or acetic acid, but is not limited thereto. Preferably, the acidic solution has a pH value of less than or equal to 5. More preferably, the acidic solution is nitric acid, which can help shorten the hydrolysis time, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost.
據此，該有機矽烷偶合劑水解物具有下列通式所示之結構：R1-(CH2)m-X-(CH2)n-Si-(OH)2(R3)；其中R1為碳數介於1至4之烯基、胺基或環氧基，R3為烷基、氫氧基，X為-CH2-或-O-，m為介於0至4之整數，且n為介於0至3之整數。 Accordingly, the organodecane coupling agent hydrolyzate has a structure represented by the following formula: R 1 -(CH 2 ) m -X-(CH 2 ) n -Si-(OH) 2 (R 3 ); wherein R 1 Is an alkenyl group, an amine group or an epoxy group having a carbon number of 1 to 4, R 3 is an alkyl group, a hydroxyl group, X is -CH 2 - or -O-, and m is an integer of 0 to 4, And n is an integer between 0 and 3.
較佳的，前述混合該等奈米導熱粒子、該有機矽烷偶合劑水解物及該有機溶劑以獲得該經改質之奈米導熱粒子漿料之步驟係包括：混合20至60重量份之奈米導熱粒子、10至80重量份之有機矽烷偶合劑水解物及100重量份之有機溶劑，並於20至40℃下均質混練16至30小時，以獲得該經改質之奈米導熱粒子漿料。 Preferably, the step of mixing the nano thermal conductive particles, the organic decane coupling agent hydrolyzate and the organic solvent to obtain the modified nano thermal conductive particle slurry comprises: mixing 20 to 60 parts by weight of nai The rice thermally conductive particles, 10 to 80 parts by weight of the organic decane coupling agent hydrolyzate and 100 parts by weight of the organic solvent, and homogenized and kneaded at 20 to 40 ° C for 16 to 30 hours to obtain the modified nano thermal conductive particle slurry. material.
較佳的，前述混合該經改質之奈米導熱粒子漿料與該絕緣樹脂以製得該導熱絕緣漆料之步驟係包括：混合10至250重量份之經改質之奈米導熱粒子漿料與100重量份之絕緣樹脂，並於20至30℃下均質混練1至2小時，以製得該導熱絕緣漆料。 Preferably, the step of mixing the modified nano thermal conductive particle slurry with the insulating resin to obtain the thermal conductive insulating paint comprises: mixing 10 to 250 parts by weight of the modified nano thermal conductive particle slurry. The material is mixed with 100 parts by weight of an insulating resin and homogenized at 20 to 30 ° C for 1 to 2 hours to obtain the thermally conductive insulating paint.
較佳的，絕緣樹脂係選自於由下列物質所組成之群組：聚酯樹脂(polyester resin)、聚亞胺樹脂(polyimide resin)、聚氨酯樹脂(polyurethane resin)、聚醯胺醯亞胺樹脂 [polyamide-imide resin]、聚酯亞胺樹脂[polyester-imide resin]及其組合。 Preferably, the insulating resin is selected from the group consisting of a polyester resin, a polyimide resin, a polyurethane resin, and a polyamidoximine resin. [polyamide-imide resin], polyester-imide resin, and combinations thereof.
較佳的，該等絕緣樹脂係同時包含前述2種以上能與官能基反應之反應基。 Preferably, the insulating resin contains two or more kinds of reactive groups capable of reacting with a functional group.
較佳的，該等經改質之奈米導熱粒子係為表面具有該等環氧基之奈米導熱粒子，由於其化學反應性較佳，故該等經改質之奈米導熱粒子較易與絕緣樹脂之反應基作用並且產生良好的鍵結。 Preferably, the modified nano-thermally conductive particles are nano-thermally conductive particles having such epoxy groups on the surface, and the modified nano-thermally conductive particles are relatively easy because of their good chemical reactivity. Reacts with the insulating resin and produces a good bond.
依據本發明，奈米導熱粒子之材料係選自於由下列物質所組成之群組：碳化矽(SiC)、氮化鋁(AlB)、四氮化三矽(Si3N4)、氮化硼(BN)、三氧化二鋁(Al2O3)及其組合。較佳的，奈米導熱粒子之材料為碳化矽，以降低導熱絕緣漆料之製作成本，同時提升導熱絕緣漆料之熱傳導性。 According to the present invention, the material of the nano thermal conductive particles is selected from the group consisting of niobium carbide (SiC), aluminum nitride (AlB), tantalum nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), and nitriding. Boron (BN), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), and combinations thereof. Preferably, the material of the nanometer heat conductive particles is tantalum carbide to reduce the manufacturing cost of the heat conductive insulating paint and improve the thermal conductivity of the heat conductive insulating paint.
較佳的，奈米導熱粒子之平均粒徑係介於40奈米至1000奈米之間。 Preferably, the average particle diameter of the nano-thermal particles is between 40 nm and 1000 nm.
依據本發明，該有機溶劑可為烷類溶劑、苯類溶劑、酚類溶劑、酯類溶劑、酮類溶劑、醇類溶劑、醯胺類溶劑或其組合。更具體而言，該烷類溶劑可為己烷；該苯類溶劑可為甲苯或二甲苯；該酚類溶劑可為酚、甲酚或二甲酚；該酯類溶劑可為丁酸乙酯或三乙酸甘油酯；該酮類溶劑可為丙酮或丁酮；該醇類溶劑可為丙二醇、丁醇或2-辛醇；該醯胺類溶劑可為N-甲基吡咯酮或N,N-二甲基乙醯胺，但並非僅限於此。 According to the present invention, the organic solvent may be an alkane solvent, a benzene solvent, a phenol solvent, an ester solvent, a ketone solvent, an alcohol solvent, a guanamine solvent, or a combination thereof. More specifically, the alkane solvent may be hexane; the benzene solvent may be toluene or xylene; the phenol solvent may be phenol, cresol or xylenol; the ester solvent may be ethyl butyrate Or glyceryl triacetate; the ketone solvent may be acetone or methyl ethyl ketone; the alcohol solvent may be propylene glycol, butanol or 2-octanol; the guanamine solvent may be N -methylpyrrolidone or N, N - dimethyl acetamide, but not limited to this.
依據本發明，該金屬導線可為圓型裸銅線、扁型裸銅線、銅包鋁線、鋁線、鍍錫銅線、銅鋁合金金屬線 或其組合。 According to the invention, the metal wire can be a round bare copper wire, a flat bare copper wire, a copper clad aluminum wire, an aluminum wire, a tinned copper wire, a copper aluminum alloy wire. Or a combination thereof.
為達成前述目的，本發明第二方面提供一種導熱絕緣漆料層，其包含一絕緣樹脂以及複數經改質之奈米導熱粒子，其中該等經改質之奈米導熱粒子係分散於該絕緣樹脂中，且該等經改質之奈米導熱粒子係為表面具有複數官能基之奈米導熱粒子，其中該等官能基包含烯基、胺基、環氧基或其組合，且該其中該絕緣樹脂包含能與該等官能基反應之至少一反應基，該至少一反應基包含胺基、醯胺基、醯亞胺基、異氰酸基、酯基、羧基、醇基或其組合。 In order to achieve the foregoing object, a second aspect of the present invention provides a thermally conductive insulating paint layer comprising an insulating resin and a plurality of modified nano thermal conductive particles, wherein the modified nano thermal conductive particles are dispersed in the insulating In the resin, the modified nano thermal conductive particles are nano thermal conductive particles having a plurality of functional groups on the surface, wherein the functional groups comprise an alkenyl group, an amine group, an epoxy group or a combination thereof, and wherein the The insulating resin comprises at least one reactive group reactive with the functional groups, the at least one reactive group comprising an amine group, a guanamine group, a guanidino group, an isocyanate group, an ester group, a carboxyl group, an alcohol group, or a combination thereof.
例如，當該等經改質之奈米導熱粒子包含環氧基時，該絕緣樹脂包含一胺基、醯胺基及醯亞胺基；當該等經改質之奈米導熱粒子包含胺基時，該絕緣樹脂包含一酯基、羧基及醇基；當該等經改質之奈米導熱粒子包含烯基時，該絕緣樹脂包含一胺基、醯胺基及醯亞胺基，但並非僅限於此。 For example, when the modified nano-thermally conductive particles comprise an epoxy group, the insulating resin comprises an amine group, a guanamine group and a guanidinium group; and when the modified nano-thermally conductive particles comprise an amine group The insulating resin comprises an ester group, a carboxyl group and an alcohol group; and when the modified nano thermally conductive particles comprise an alkenyl group, the insulating resin comprises an amine group, a mercapto group and a quinone group, but not Limited to this.
依據本發明，由於該導熱絕緣漆料層中係混摻有複數經改質之奈米導熱粒子，故該等經改質之奈米導熱粒子能藉由烯基、胺基或環氧基等官能基均勻分散於該絕緣樹脂中，且經改質之奈米導熱粒子能藉由烯基、胺基或環氧基等官能基與絕緣樹脂之胺基、醯胺基、醯亞胺基、異氰酸基、酯基、羧基、醇基等反應基產生鍵結，藉以令經改質之奈米導熱粒子與絕緣樹脂間具有良好的介面匹配性。據此，本發明之導熱絕緣漆料層能具有良好的熱傳導性。 According to the present invention, since the thermally conductive insulating paint layer is doped with a plurality of modified nano thermal conductive particles, the modified nano thermal conductive particles can be made of an alkenyl group, an amine group or an epoxy group. The functional group is uniformly dispersed in the insulating resin, and the modified nano-thermally conductive particles can be made of an amine group such as an alkenyl group, an amine group or an epoxy group, an amine group of an insulating resin, a guanamine group, an oxime imine group, A reactive group such as an isocyanate group, an ester group, a carboxyl group or an alcohol group generates a bond, so that the modified nano-thermally conductive particles have good interface matching property with the insulating resin. Accordingly, the thermally conductive insulating paint layer of the present invention can have good thermal conductivity.
較佳的，以整體導熱絕緣漆料層之總量為基準，絕緣樹脂之含量係介於46至84重量百分比，該等經改質之奈米導熱粒子之含量係介於16至54重量百分比。 Preferably, the content of the insulating resin is between 46 and 84% by weight based on the total amount of the overall thermally conductive insulating paint layer, and the content of the modified nano-thermally conductive particles is between 16 and 54% by weight. .
較佳的，該導熱絕緣漆料層具有介於0.86W/mK至9W/mK的熱傳導係數。 Preferably, the thermally conductive insulating paint layer has a heat transfer coefficient of from 0.86 W/mK to 9 W/mK.
更佳的，以整體導熱絕緣漆料層之總量為基準，絕緣樹脂之含量係介於46至54重量百分比，該等經改質之奈米導熱粒子之含量係介於45至54重量百分比。 More preferably, the content of the insulating resin is from 46 to 54% by weight based on the total amount of the thermal conductive insulating paint layer, and the content of the modified nano thermal conductive particles is from 45 to 54% by weight. .
更佳的，該導熱絕緣漆料層具有介於8W/mK至9W/mK的熱傳導係數。 More preferably, the thermally conductive insulating paint layer has a heat transfer coefficient of from 8 W/mK to 9 W/mK.
較佳的，該導熱絕緣漆料層係使用如前述製備方法所製得之導熱絕緣漆料，再經過烘烤製程後所形成。 Preferably, the thermally conductive insulating paint layer is formed by using a thermally conductive insulating paint prepared by the above preparation method and then subjected to a baking process.
為達成前述目的，本發明第三方面提供一種漆包線之製備方法，其包含：依據如前述之製備方法製備一導熱絕緣漆料；於一金屬導線上塗佈該導熱絕緣漆料；以及烘烤該導熱絕緣漆料，藉以於該金屬導線上形成一導熱絕緣漆料層，以製得該漆包線。 In order to achieve the foregoing object, a third aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing an enameled wire, comprising: preparing a thermally conductive insulating paint according to the preparation method as described above; coating the thermally conductive insulating paint on a metal wire; and baking the A thermally conductive insulating paint material is formed on the metal wire to form a thermally conductive insulating paint layer to obtain the enameled wire.
依據本發明，由於該導熱絕緣漆料層中係混摻有複數經改質之奈米導熱粒子，故該等經改質之奈米導熱粒子能藉由烯基、胺基或環氧基等官能基均勻分散於該絕緣樹脂中，且經改質之奈米導熱粒子能藉由烯基、胺基或環氧基等官能基與絕緣樹脂之胺基、醯胺基、醯亞胺基、異氰酸基、酯基、羧基、醇基或其組合等反應基產生鍵結，藉以令經改質之奈米導熱粒子與絕緣樹脂間具有良好的介 面匹配性。據此，經由前述方法所製得之漆包線的導熱絕緣漆料層能具備良好的熱傳導性。 According to the present invention, since the thermally conductive insulating paint layer is doped with a plurality of modified nano thermal conductive particles, the modified nano thermal conductive particles can be made of an alkenyl group, an amine group or an epoxy group. The functional group is uniformly dispersed in the insulating resin, and the modified nano-thermally conductive particles can be made of an amine group such as an alkenyl group, an amine group or an epoxy group, an amine group of an insulating resin, a guanamine group, an oxime imine group, A reactive group such as an isocyanate group, an ester group, a carboxyl group, an alcohol group or a combination thereof is bonded to form a good intercomposition between the modified nano-thermally conductive particles and the insulating resin. Face matching. Accordingly, the thermally conductive insulating paint layer of the enameled wire obtained by the above method can have good thermal conductivity.
較佳的，該導熱絕緣漆料係於450℃至520℃之溫度下進行烘烤製程，藉以於該金屬導線上形成該導熱絕緣漆料層，以製得該漆包線。 Preferably, the thermally conductive insulating paint is baked at a temperature of 450 ° C to 520 ° C, whereby the thermally conductive insulating paint layer is formed on the metal wire to obtain the enameled wire.
較佳的，該漆包線之製備方法係包括於該金屬導線上重複塗佈該導熱絕緣漆料數回。 Preferably, the method for preparing the enameled wire comprises repeatedly coating the thermally conductive insulating paint on the metal wire for several times.
較佳的，於該金屬導線上塗佈該導熱絕緣漆料之步驟係包括：於該金屬導線上塗佈一絕緣樹脂至少一回；於該絕緣樹脂上塗佈該導熱絕緣漆料至少一回；以及於該導熱絕緣漆料上再塗佈該絕緣樹脂至少一回。 Preferably, the step of coating the thermally conductive insulating paint on the metal wire comprises: coating at least one insulating resin on the metal wire; coating the thermal conductive insulating paint on the insulating resin at least once And coating the insulating resin on the thermally conductive insulating paint at least once.
所述之絕緣樹脂係指未混摻經改質之奈米導熱粒子的絕緣樹脂或混摻有可提升滑性、耐磨耗性、抗突波性之填料的絕緣樹脂，其中該絕緣樹脂可為聚酯樹脂、聚亞胺樹脂、聚氨酯樹脂、聚醯胺醯亞胺樹脂及聚酯亞胺樹脂。 The insulating resin refers to an insulating resin which is not mixed with modified nano thermal conductive particles or an insulating resin which is mixed with a filler capable of improving slip, abrasion resistance and surge resistance, wherein the insulating resin can be It is a polyester resin, a polyimide resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyamidimide resin, and a polyesterimide resin.
為達成前述目的，本發明第四方面提供一種漆包線，其包含：一金屬導線；以及一導熱絕緣漆料層，其係形成於該金屬導線上，其中該導熱絕緣漆料層包含絕緣樹脂以及複數經改質之奈米導熱粒子，其中該等經改質之奈米導熱粒子係分散於該絕緣樹脂中，且該等經改質之奈米導熱粒子係為表面具有複數官能基之奈米導熱粒子，其中該等官能基包含烯基、胺基、 環氧基或其組合，該絕緣樹脂包含能與該等官能基反應之至少一反應基，該至少一反應基包含胺基、醯胺基、醯亞胺基、異氰酸基、酯基、羧基、醇基或其組合。 In order to achieve the foregoing object, a fourth aspect of the present invention provides an enameled wire comprising: a metal wire; and a thermally conductive insulating paint layer formed on the metal wire, wherein the thermally conductive insulating paint layer comprises an insulating resin and plural The modified nano thermal conductive particles, wherein the modified nano thermal conductive particles are dispersed in the insulating resin, and the modified nano thermal conductive particles are nano heat conductive having a plurality of functional groups on the surface a particle, wherein the functional group comprises an alkenyl group, an amine group, An epoxy group or a combination thereof, the insulating resin comprising at least one reactive group reactive with the functional groups, the at least one reactive group comprising an amine group, a guanidino group, a guanidino group, an isocyanate group, an ester group, A carboxyl group, an alcohol group, or a combination thereof.
依據本發明，由於該導熱絕緣漆料層中係混摻有複數經改質之奈米導熱粒子，故該等經改質之奈米導熱粒子能藉由烯基、胺基或環氧基等官能基均勻分散於該絕緣樹脂中，且經改質之奈米導熱粒子能藉由烯基、胺基或環氧基等官能基與絕緣樹脂之胺基、醯胺基、醯亞胺基、異氰酸基、酯基、羧基、醇基或其組合等反應基產生鍵結，藉以令經改質之奈米導熱粒子與絕緣樹脂間具有良好的介面匹配性。據此，本發明之漆包線的導熱絕緣漆料層能具有良好的熱傳導性。 According to the present invention, since the thermally conductive insulating paint layer is doped with a plurality of modified nano thermal conductive particles, the modified nano thermal conductive particles can be made of an alkenyl group, an amine group or an epoxy group. The functional group is uniformly dispersed in the insulating resin, and the modified nano-thermally conductive particles can be made of an amine group such as an alkenyl group, an amine group or an epoxy group, an amine group of an insulating resin, a guanamine group, an oxime imine group, The reactive groups such as an isocyanate group, an ester group, a carboxyl group, an alcohol group or a combination thereof are bonded to each other, whereby the modified nano-thermally conductive particles have good interface matching property with the insulating resin. Accordingly, the thermally conductive insulating paint layer of the enameled wire of the present invention can have good thermal conductivity.
較佳的，該導熱絕緣漆料層可為至少一導熱絕緣漆料層，且該至少一該導熱絕緣漆料層之厚度係介於5至30微米之間。 Preferably, the thermally conductive insulating paint layer can be at least one thermally conductive insulating paint layer, and the at least one thermally conductive insulating paint layer has a thickness of between 5 and 30 microns.
較佳的，該導熱絕緣漆料層係由一導熱絕緣漆料所形成，該導熱絕緣漆料係由如前述導熱絕緣漆料之製備方法所製得。 Preferably, the thermally conductive insulating paint layer is formed by a thermally conductive insulating paint prepared by a method for preparing a thermally conductive insulating paint as described above.
較佳的，該漆包線更具有至少一絕緣漆料層，其係位於該導熱絕緣漆料層上，且該至少一絕緣漆料層之材料係選自於由下列物質所組成之群組：聚酯樹脂、聚亞胺樹脂、聚氨酯樹脂、聚醯胺醯亞胺樹脂、聚酯亞胺樹脂及其組合。 Preferably, the enamel wire further has at least one insulating varnish layer on the thermal conductive varnish layer, and the at least one insulating lacquer layer material is selected from the group consisting of: An ester resin, a polyimide resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyamidimide resin, a polyester imine resin, and combinations thereof.
更具體而言，該至少一絕緣漆料層可形成於該金屬導線及該至少一導熱絕緣漆料層之間；或者，該至少 一絕緣漆料層可形成於遠離該金屬導線之至少一導熱絕緣漆料層上。 More specifically, the at least one insulating paint layer may be formed between the metal wire and the at least one thermally conductive insulating paint layer; or, at least An insulating paint layer can be formed on at least one of the thermally conductive insulating paint layers away from the metal wires.
綜上所述，本發明藉由在導熱絕緣漆料中混摻經改質之奈米導熱粒子，使經改質之奈米導熱粒子能透過其烯基、胺基或環氧基等官能基與絕緣樹脂之胺基、醯胺基、醯亞胺基、異氰酸基、酯基、羧基、醇基或其組合等反應基作用而改善經改質之奈米導熱粒子與絕緣樹脂間的介面匹配性，進而提升導熱絕緣漆料及其所形成之導熱絕緣漆料層的熱傳導性。據此，包含前述導熱絕緣漆料層之漆包線不僅能具有較佳的熱傳導性，且能同時維持良好的密著性、耐熱衝擊性、可撓性、電氣絕緣性以及高於特定值之崩潰電壓，故本發明之漆包線能適用於馬達中，並且解決現有技術之漆包線應用於馬達中常因熱傳導性不佳而造成短路的問題。 In summary, the present invention allows the modified nano-thermally conductive particles to pass through functional groups such as an alkenyl group, an amine group or an epoxy group by blending the modified nano-thermally conductive particles in a thermally conductive insulating paint. Reacting with a reactive group such as an amine group, an indenyl group, a guanidino group, an isocyanate group, an ester group, a carboxyl group, an alcohol group or a combination thereof to improve the relationship between the modified nano-conductive particles and the insulating resin The interface matching property further enhances the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive insulating paint and the thermally conductive insulating paint layer formed thereby. Accordingly, the enamel wire including the aforementioned thermally conductive insulating varnish layer can not only have better thermal conductivity, but also maintain good adhesion, thermal shock resistance, flexibility, electrical insulation, and breakdown voltage above a certain value. Therefore, the enameled wire of the present invention can be applied to a motor, and solves the problem that the prior art enameled wire is applied to a motor, which is often short-circuited due to poor thermal conductivity.
以下，將藉由具體實施例說明本發明之實施方式，熟習此技藝者可經由本說明書之內容輕易地了解本發明所能達成之優點與功效，並且於不悖離本發明之精神下進行各種修飾與變更，以施行或應用本發明之內容。 In the following, the embodiments of the present invention will be described by way of specific examples, and those skilled in the art can readily understand the advantages and functions of the present invention, and can carry out various kinds without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Modifications and variations are made to implement or apply the subject matter of the invention.
實施例1至3：導熱絕緣漆料之製備Examples 1 to 3: Preparation of thermally conductive insulating paint
實施例1至3之導熱絕緣漆料係各自經由下列所述之方法所製得：首先，混合100重量份之3-(縮水甘油醚氧丙 基)三甲基矽氧烷[3-(glycidoxypropyl)trimethyl silane]與23重量份、酸鹼值為-1.0之硝酸，使其於30℃下持續反應2小時，以獲得一有機矽烷偶合劑水解物。於此，所製得之有機矽烷偶合劑水解物為3-(縮水甘油醚氧基丙基)矽烷三醇[3-(glycidoxypropyl)silanetriol]。 The thermally conductive insulating paints of Examples 1 to 3 were each obtained by the following method: First, 100 parts by weight of 3-(glycidyl ether oxypropyl) was mixed. 3-(glycidoxypropyl)trimethyl silane with 23 parts by weight of nitric acid having a pH of -1.0, allowing it to continue to react at 30 ° C for 2 hours to obtain an organic decane coupling agent for hydrolysis Things. Here, the obtained organic decane coupling agent hydrolyzate is 3-(glycidoxypropyl)silanetriol.
之後，依特定混合比例，將前述之有機矽烷偶合劑水解物與奈米導熱粒子及N-甲基吡咯酮(N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone，NMP)混合，再於室溫下球磨混練24小時，得到一經改質之奈米導熱粒子漿料，該經改質之奈米導熱粒子漿料包含複數經改質之奈米導熱粒子。於此，各實施例之奈米導熱粒子該經的平均粒徑及用量、N-甲基吡咯酮之用量、有機矽烷偶合劑水解物之用量係如下表1所示。 Thereafter, depending on the particular mixing ratio of the organosilane coupling agent is hydrolyzed with the thermally conductive particles and nano N - methyl pyrrolidone (N -methyl-2-pyrrolidone, NMP) were mixed and then milled at room temperature for 24 hours kneading A modified nano thermal conductive particle slurry is obtained, the modified nano thermal conductive particle slurry comprising a plurality of modified nano thermal conductive particles. Here, the average particle diameter and amount of the nano thermally conductive particles of each of the examples, the amount of the N -methylpyrrolidone, and the amount of the hydrolyzate of the organic decane coupling agent are shown in Table 1 below.
接著，將經改質之奈米導熱粒子漿料與聚醯胺 醯亞胺樹脂混合，於室溫下以均質機均質混練1至2小時，使其均勻分散後，即得到導熱絕緣漆料。於此，各實施例經改質之奈米導熱粒子漿料之用量及聚醯胺醯亞胺樹脂之用量係如下表2所示。 Next, the modified nano thermal conductive particle slurry and polyamine The quinone imine resin is mixed and homogenized and homogenized at room temperature for 1 to 2 hours to uniformly disperse, thereby obtaining a thermally conductive insulating paint. Here, the amount of the modified nano-thermal conductive particle slurry and the amount of the polyamidoximine resin in each of the examples are shown in Table 2 below.
比較例1：導熱絕緣漆料之製備Comparative Example 1: Preparation of thermally conductive insulating paint
本實驗係以奈米導熱粒子未經過有機矽烷偶合劑水解物改質作為比較例，以分析奈米導熱粒子是否經有機矽烷偶合劑水解物改質，對所製得之導熱絕緣漆料的影響。 In this experiment, the nano-thermally conductive particles were not modified by the organic decane coupling agent hydrolysate as a comparative example to analyze whether the nano-thermally conductive particles were modified by the organic decane coupling agent hydrolyzate, and the effect on the prepared thermal conductive insulating paint. .
於本比較例中，其係依據如上表1所示之混合比例，將奈米導熱粒子加入N-甲基吡咯酮中，再於室溫下球磨混練24小時，得到未經改質之奈米導熱粒子漿料。 In the comparative example, the nano thermal conductive particles were added to N -methylpyrrolidone according to the mixing ratio shown in Table 1 above, and then kneaded at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain an unmodified nanobial. Thermal particle slurry.
接著，依據如上表2所示之混合比例，將未經 改質之奈米導熱粒子漿料與聚醯胺醯亞胺樹脂混合，並於室溫下以均質機攪拌使其均勻分散後，得到導熱絕緣漆料。 Then, according to the mixing ratio shown in Table 2 above, it will not be The modified nanometer heat conductive particle slurry is mixed with a polyamide amidoxime resin, and uniformly dispersed by a homogenizer at room temperature to obtain a thermally conductive insulating paint.
比較例2：絕緣漆料之製備Comparative Example 2: Preparation of insulating paint
本實驗另以未添加奈米導熱粒子作為比較例，以分析添加奈米導熱粒子對導熱絕緣漆料的影響。 In this experiment, the addition of nano-thermally conductive particles was used as a comparative example to analyze the effect of adding nano-thermal particles on the thermal conductive paint.
於本比較例中，該絕緣漆料係由聚醯胺醯亞胺樹脂所組成。 In this comparative example, the insulating paint is composed of a polyimide film.
試驗例1：熱傳導係數Test Example 1: Thermal Conductivity
為量測熱傳導係數，各實施例及比較例1之導熱絕緣漆料及比較例2之絕緣漆料係分別以旋轉塗佈機單層塗佈於不同的銅基板(3公分×3公分)上，再以200℃烘烤30分鐘，藉以令銅基板上形成厚度為15微米之導熱絕緣漆料層，以獲得供量測熱傳導係數之試片。 In order to measure the heat transfer coefficient, the heat conductive insulating paint of each of the examples and the comparative example 1 and the insulating paint of the comparative example 2 were respectively applied to different copper substrates (3 cm × 3 cm) by a spin coater. Then, it was baked at 200 ° C for 30 minutes to form a thermal conductive insulating paint layer having a thickness of 15 μm on the copper substrate to obtain a test piece for measuring the heat transfer coefficient.
接著，以瑞領公司製造之9091IR熱阻量測儀量測各試片之熱阻(R)，並以[熱阻=導熱絕緣漆料層的厚度/(熱傳導係數×試片接觸面積)]之換算公式，計算得到各試片中導熱絕緣漆料層之熱傳導係數，其結果係如下表3所示。 Next, the thermal resistance (R) of each test piece was measured by a 9091 IR thermal resistance measuring instrument manufactured by Ruiling Co., Ltd., and [thermal resistance = thickness of the thermal conductive insulating paint layer / (heat transfer coefficient × test piece contact area)] The conversion formula is used to calculate the heat transfer coefficient of the thermally conductive insulating paint layer in each test piece, and the results are shown in Table 3 below.
如上表3所示，相較於未混摻任何奈米導熱粒 子之導熱絕緣漆料層(由比較例2之導熱絕緣漆料所烘烤而成)，本發明各實施例之導熱絕緣漆料藉由在聚醯亞胺酯樹脂中混摻經改質之奈米導熱粒子，能具體提升所烘烤而成之導熱絕緣漆料層的熱傳導係數至8至10倍以上。 As shown in Table 3 above, compared to any nano-thermal particles that are not blended The thermal conductive insulating paint layer (baked by the thermal conductive insulating paint of Comparative Example 2), the thermal conductive insulating paint of the embodiments of the present invention is modified by blending in the polyimide resin Nano-thermal particles can specifically improve the thermal conductivity of the baked thermal conductive paint layer to 8 to 10 times.
此外，本發明各實施例於製備導熱絕緣漆料時，由於係選用含有環氧基之有機矽烷偶合劑水解物改質奈米導熱粒子，故該等經改質之奈米導熱粒子的表面會接有複數環氧基，致使導熱絕緣漆料烘烤成膜後，附著於奈米導熱粒子之表面的環氧基能與聚醯胺醯亞胺樹脂之胺基、醯胺基、醯亞胺基等反應基發生開環反應並且產生鍵結，藉此提供良好的熱傳導路徑。 In addition, in the preparation of the thermal conductive varnish of the present invention, since the organic decane coupling agent hydrolyzate containing the epoxy group is used to modify the nano thermal conductive particles, the surface of the modified nano thermal conductive particles will be A plurality of epoxy groups are attached to cause the thermal conductive insulating paint to be baked into a film, and the epoxy group attached to the surface of the nano thermal conductive particles can be combined with the amine group, the amide group, the quinone imine of the polyamidoximine resin. The reactive group such as a group undergoes a ring opening reaction and generates a bond, thereby providing a good heat conduction path.
因此，相較於混摻未經改質之奈米導熱粒子的導熱絕緣漆料層(由比較例1之導熱絕緣漆料所烘烤而成)，本發明各實施例之導熱絕緣漆料藉由在聚醯亞胺酯樹脂中混摻經改質之奈米導熱粒子，故能有利於提升導熱絕緣漆料層的熱傳導係數達2至3倍以上。 Therefore, the thermal conductive insulating paint material of the embodiments of the present invention is borrowed as compared with the thermally conductive insulating paint layer (which is baked by the thermal conductive insulating paint of Comparative Example 1) which is blended with the unmodified nano thermal conductive particles. By blending the modified nanometer heat conductive particles in the polyimide resin, it is advantageous to increase the heat transfer coefficient of the heat conductive insulating paint layer by 2 to 3 times.
實施例4至6：漆包線之製備Examples 4 to 6: Preparation of enameled wire
實施例4至6之漆包線係各自經由下列所述之方法所製得：準備線徑為0.5毫米之3條銅線，並分別於各銅線上，以14公尺/分鐘之作業線速，塗佈聚醯胺醯亞胺樹脂2回，經480℃之烘烤溫度烘烤，以形成厚度為5微米之第一絕緣漆料層。 The enamelled wires of Examples 4 to 6 were each obtained by the following method: three copper wires having a wire diameter of 0.5 mm were prepared and coated on each copper wire at a line speed of 14 meters per minute. The polyamide amidoximine resin was coated twice and baked at a baking temperature of 480 ° C to form a first insulating varnish layer having a thickness of 5 μm.
接著，於各包覆有第一絕緣漆料層之銅線上，以14公尺/分鐘之作業線速，分別塗佈實施例1至3所製 得之導熱絕緣漆料5回，經480℃之烘烤溫度烘烤，分別於第一導熱絕緣漆料層上形成厚度為15微米之導熱絕緣漆料層。 Then, on the copper wires coated with the first insulating varnish layer, the coatings of Examples 1 to 3 were respectively applied at a line speed of 14 meters/min. The thermal conductive insulating paint was obtained for 5 times and baked at a baking temperature of 480 ° C to form a thermal conductive insulating paint layer having a thickness of 15 μm on the first thermal conductive insulating paint layer.
然後，於各包覆有第一絕緣漆料層及導熱絕緣漆料層之銅線上，以14公尺/分鐘之作業線速，再分別塗佈聚醯胺醯亞胺樹脂2回，經480℃之烘烤溫度烘烤後，分別於各導熱絕緣漆料層上形成厚度為5微米之第二絕緣漆料層，即完成實施例4至6之漆包線的製作。 Then, on each copper wire coated with the first insulating lacquer layer and the thermal conductive varnish layer, at a line speed of 14 meters/minute, the polyamidimide resin is coated twice, respectively, through 480. After baking at a baking temperature of ° C, a second insulating varnish layer having a thickness of 5 μm was formed on each of the thermally conductive insulating varnish layers, that is, the fabrication of the enamel wires of Examples 4 to 6 was completed.
於此，實施例4之漆包線係含有由實施例1之導熱絕緣漆料所製得之導熱絕緣漆料層；實施例5之漆包線係含有由實施例2之導熱絕緣漆料所製得之導熱絕緣漆料層；且實施例6之漆包線係含有由實施例3之導熱絕緣漆料所製得之導熱絕緣漆料層。 Here, the enameled wire of the embodiment 4 contains the thermally conductive insulating varnish layer prepared from the thermally conductive insulating varnish of the embodiment 1; the enamel wire of the embodiment 5 contains the thermal conductivity obtained by the thermally conductive insulating varnish of the embodiment 2. The insulating paint layer; and the enameled wire of Example 6 contains the thermally conductive insulating paint layer prepared from the thermally conductive insulating paint of Example 3.
比較例3：漆包線之製備Comparative Example 3: Preparation of enameled wire
本比較例係大致上經由如同上述實施例4至6所述之製備方法製得一漆包線。其不同之處在於，本比較例係使用比較例1所製得之導熱絕緣漆料塗佈於包覆第一絕緣漆料層之銅線上，且該導熱絕緣漆料中的奈米導熱粒子係未經過有機矽烷偶合劑水解物進行改質。 In this comparative example, an enameled wire was produced substantially via the preparation methods as described in the above Examples 4 to 6. The difference is that the comparative example is coated on the copper wire covering the first insulating paint layer by using the thermal conductive insulating paint prepared in Comparative Example 1, and the nano thermal conductive particle system in the thermal conductive insulating paint is used. Modification without hydrolysis of the organic decane coupling agent.
試驗例2：密著性Test Example 2: Adhesion
為量測密著性，實施例4至6及比較例3之漆包線係依據ASTM NEMA MW81-C之規範進行評估。 To measure the adhesion, the enamelled wires of Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Example 3 were evaluated in accordance with the specifications of ASTM NEMA MW81-C.
於本測試例中，係由同一線軸取3根長約35公分之漆包線，標示線250毫米，以約4m/s之拉伸速率將漆包線拉伸至斷裂為止，再以約15倍之放大鏡觀察是否 有深及金屬導線之龜裂情形發生，無龜裂痕代表漆包線具有良好的密著性。各實施例之評估結果係如下表4所示。 In this test example, three enameled wires of about 35 cm in length were drawn from the same bobbin, and the marked wire was 250 mm. The enameled wire was stretched to a fracture at a tensile rate of about 4 m/s, and then observed with a magnifying glass of about 15 times. whether There are deep and cracked metal wires, and no cracks indicate good adhesion of the enameled wire. The evaluation results of the respective examples are shown in Table 4 below.
試驗例3：耐熱衝擊性Test Example 3: Thermal shock resistance
為量測耐熱衝擊性，實施例4至6及比較例3之漆包線係依據ASTM NEMA MW81-C之規範進行評估。 In order to measure the thermal shock resistance, the enamelled wires of Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Example 3 were evaluated in accordance with the specifications of ASTM NEMA MW81-C.
於本測試例中，係由同一線軸取3根長約50公分的漆包線，並將其等之拉伸20%後纏繞於規定直徑之平滑圓棒上3倍徑，使漆包線彼此緊密接觸；再將其放入溫度為240℃之恆溫箱加熱30分鐘後，由恆溫箱中取出，待其恢復至常溫後，以肉眼觀察漆包線之導熱絕緣漆料層是否有深及金屬導線之裂痕，無裂痕代表漆包線具有良好的耐熱衝擊性。各實施例之評估結果係如下表4所示。 In this test example, three enameled wires of about 50 cm in length are taken from the same bobbin, and they are stretched by 20% and then wound on a smooth round bar of a predetermined diameter by 3 times, so that the enameled wires are in close contact with each other; After being placed in an oven at a temperature of 240 ° C for 30 minutes, it is taken out from the incubator. After it is returned to normal temperature, the thermal conductive varnish layer of the enameled wire is visually observed for the presence of deep and cracked metal wires without cracks. Represents the enameled wire with good thermal shock resistance. The evaluation results of the respective examples are shown in Table 4 below.
試驗例4：可撓性 Test Example 4: Flexibility
為量測可撓性，實施例4至6及比較例3之漆包線係依據ASTM NEMA MW81-C之規範進行評估。 For measuring flexibility, the enamelled wires of Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Example 3 were evaluated in accordance with the specifications of ASTM NEMA MW81-C.
於本測試例中，係由同一線軸取3根適當長度之漆包線，將其拉伸20%後，以自身周長纏繞於自身直徑之平滑圓棒上3倍徑，使漆包線彼此緊密接觸，再以肉眼觀察漆包線之導熱絕緣漆料層是否有深及金屬導線之裂痕，無裂痕代表漆包線具有良好的可撓性，有裂痕代表漆包線之可撓性不佳。各實施例之評估結果係如下表4所示。 In this test example, three elongate strands of appropriate length are taken from the same bobbin, and after stretching it by 20%, it is wound on the smooth round rod of its own diameter by 3 times in its own circumference, so that the enameled wires are in close contact with each other, and then Visually observe whether the thermal conductive insulating paint layer of the enameled wire has deep and cracked metal wires. No crack indicates that the enameled wire has good flexibility, and cracks indicate that the enameled wire has poor flexibility. The evaluation results of the respective examples are shown in Table 4 below.
試驗例5：軟化溫度Test Example 5: Softening temperature
為量測軟化溫度，實施例4至6及比較例3之漆包線係依據ASTM NEMA MW81-C之規範進行評估。 To measure the softening temperature, the enamelled wires of Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Example 3 were evaluated in accordance with the specifications of ASTM NEMA MW81-C.
於本測試例中，係由同一線軸取2根長約15 公分之漆包線，將二者重疊成直角置於平板上，重疊部份上方放置規定之重錘，再將其放入溫度為160±5℃之恆溫箱中，並對漆包線加50赫茲或60赫茲近似正弦波之交流電壓100V，再以約2℃/min之升溫速度，於最靠近漆包線的固定熱電隅測定軟化溫度。依據ASTM NEMA MW81-C之規範，軟化溫度需高於350℃。各實施例之評估結果係如下表4所示。 In this test case, two lengths of about 15 are taken from the same bobbin. The enameled wire of the centimeter is placed on the flat plate at a right angle, and the specified weight is placed above the overlapping portion, and then placed in an incubator at a temperature of 160 ± 5 ° C, and 50 Hz or 60 Hz is added to the enameled wire. The AC voltage of the sinusoidal wave is approximately 100 V, and the softening temperature is measured at a temperature rise rate of about 2 ° C/min on the fixed thermoelectric ray closest to the enameled wire. The softening temperature is required to be higher than 350 ° C according to the ASTM NEMA MW81-C specification. The evaluation results of the respective examples are shown in Table 4 below.
試驗例6：崩潰電壓Test Example 6: Crash voltage
為量測崩潰電壓，實施例4至6及比較例3之漆包線係依據ASTM NEMA MW81-C之規範進行評估。 In order to measure the breakdown voltage, the enamelled wires of Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Example 3 were evaluated in accordance with the specifications of ASTM NEMA MW81-C.
於本測試例中，係由同一線軸取3根長約35公分之漆包線，分別折成二線段，再施加該規範所規定之張力，將大約12公分長的部分絞合後，除去張力；切下折絞之部分，並於2根漆包線之間施加50或60Hz之近似正弦波的交流電壓，以大約500V/s之速率均勻上升，直至破壞之電壓即為崩潰電壓。依據ASTM NEMA MW81-C之規範，崩潰電壓需高於4780V。各實施例之評估結果係如下表4所示。 In this test example, three enameled wires of about 35 cm in length are taken from the same bobbin, respectively, and folded into two-line segments, and then the tension specified in the specification is applied, and the portion of about 12 cm long is twisted to remove the tension; The part of the lower twist is applied with an alternating voltage of approximately 50 or 60 Hz approximately sinusoidal wave between the two enameled wires, and rises uniformly at a rate of approximately 500 V/s until the voltage of the breakdown is the breakdown voltage. According to the ASTM NEMA MW81-C specification, the breakdown voltage needs to be higher than 4780V. The evaluation results of the respective examples are shown in Table 4 below.
如上表4所示，比較例3因係選用包含未經改質之奈米導熱粒子的導熱絕緣漆料，故利用該導熱絕緣漆料所製得之漆包線，經耐熱衝擊性與可繞性二試驗確定，5組測試樣品全數產生肉眼可見之裂痕，顯示使用未經改質之奈米導熱粒子所製得之絕緣漆料製作漆包線，其漆包線難以承受拉伸20%後再以3倍徑捲繞，證實比較例3之漆包線無法具有良好的可撓性；反觀實施例4至6之實驗結果，不論係選用平均粒徑為40奈米、500奈米或1000奈米之奈米導熱粒子製成經改質之奈米導熱粒子漿料，利用該等導熱絕緣漆料製得實施例4至6之漆包線都能具有較佳之導熱效果；且該等漆包線於提升熱傳導性之際，仍可維持良好的密著性及耐熱衝擊性，且該等漆包線經過拉伸20%後再以3倍徑捲繞並未產生肉眼可見之裂痕，證實實施例4至6之漆包線確實能具備良好的可撓性(即，加工性)，並且具有符合ASTM NEMA MW81-C規範之軟化溫度及崩潰電壓。 As shown in Table 4 above, in Comparative Example 3, since the thermal conductive insulating paint containing the unmodified nano thermal conductive particles was selected, the enameled wire obtained by using the thermal conductive insulating paint was subjected to thermal shock resistance and windability. The test confirmed that all the five test samples produced visible cracks in the naked eye, indicating that the enameled wire was made from the insulating paint prepared by using the unmodified nano-thermal particles, and the enameled wire could not withstand stretching by 20% and then rolled by 3 times. Wrapped, it was confirmed that the enameled wire of Comparative Example 3 could not have good flexibility; in contrast, the experimental results of Examples 4 to 6 were made of nanometer heat conductive particles having an average particle diameter of 40 nm, 500 nm or 1000 nm. The modified enamelled thermally conductive particle slurry can be obtained by using the thermal conductive insulating paints, and the enameled wires of Examples 4 to 6 can have better thermal conductivity; and the enameled wires can maintain the thermal conductivity. Good adhesion and thermal shock resistance, and the enameled wire is stretched by 20% and then wound by 3 times without causing visible cracks. It is confirmed that the enameled wires of Examples 4 to 6 can be well-flexible. Sex (ie, processability) ), and has a softening temperature and breakdown voltage in accordance with ASTM NEMA MW81-C specifications.
上述實施例僅係為了方便說明而舉例而已，本發明所主張之權利範圍自應以申請專利範圍所述為準，而非僅限於上述實施例。 The above-mentioned embodiments are merely examples for convenience of description, and the scope of the claims is intended to be limited to the above embodiments.
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