TWI529112B - Seismic isolation of structure-constituting pillar and structure - Google Patents
Seismic isolation of structure-constituting pillar and structure Download PDFInfo
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- TWI529112B TWI529112B TW103128447A TW103128447A TWI529112B TW I529112 B TWI529112 B TW I529112B TW 103128447 A TW103128447 A TW 103128447A TW 103128447 A TW103128447 A TW 103128447A TW I529112 B TWI529112 B TW I529112B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
- B65G1/02—Storage devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2207/00—Indexing codes relating to constructional details, configuration and additional features of a handling device, e.g. Conveyors
- B65G2207/20—Earthquake protection
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
Description
本發明係關於一種構成構造物的柱之免震構造及構造物，其適用於立體倉庫、鍋爐鋼架、立體停車場、貨物裝卸設備等的構造物來用以減低構造物的搖晃。 The present invention relates to a seismic isolation structure and structure for a column constituting a structure, which is suitable for use in a structure of a three-dimensional warehouse, a boiler steel frame, a three-dimensional parking lot, a cargo handling facility, and the like for reducing the shaking of the structure.
作為構造物之一例的立體倉庫，係具有下述構造：使用複數根鋼鐵製的柱與複數層的鋼鐵製的樑來立體地組合而成之複數個載架(棚架)。在發生大規模的地震之情況下，有可能會造成立體倉庫產生損毀，並且由於有可能因為地震而造成儲存在立體倉庫的載架之貨物掉下導致貨物損傷，所以認為在立體倉庫具備免震構造能夠提高對於地震之安全性。 A three-dimensional warehouse which is an example of a structure has a structure in which a plurality of carriers (shelves) which are three-dimensionally combined using a plurality of columns made of steel and a plurality of layers of steel beams are used. In the case of a large-scale earthquake, it may cause damage to the three-dimensional warehouse, and it is considered to be shock-proof in the three-dimensional warehouse because it may cause damage to the cargo caused by the earthquake of the carrier stored in the three-dimensional warehouse. Construction can improve the safety of earthquakes.
作為立體倉庫的免震構造，係揭示有下述構造者：在構成立體倉庫的複數個各別的柱與基礎之間，具備由積層橡膠所形成的免震構造。(專利文獻1)另外，揭示有以下構造者：作為在上下途中將立體倉庫的柱予以切斷的構造，其利用水平之第1水平構件連結2根上部柱的 下端彼此，並且利用能夠與前述第1水平構件卡合的水平之第2水平構件連結與2根上部柱相對應的2根下部柱的上端彼此，又進一步地利用黏彈性體連接前述第1水平構件與前述第2水平構件之間，使得前述第1水平構件與前述第2水平構件能夠朝長邊方向滑動。(專利文獻2) As a seismic isolation structure of a three-dimensional warehouse, there is disclosed a structure in which a seismic isolation structure formed of laminated rubber is provided between a plurality of individual columns and a foundation constituting a three-dimensional warehouse. (Patent Document 1) Further, a structure is disclosed in which a column of a three-dimensional warehouse is cut in the middle of the road, and two upper columns are connected by a horizontal first horizontal member. The lower ends are connected to each other by a second horizontal member capable of engaging with the first horizontal member, and the upper ends of the two lower columns corresponding to the two upper columns are connected to each other, and the first level is further connected by a viscoelastic body. The first horizontal member and the second horizontal member are slidable in the longitudinal direction between the member and the second horizontal member. (Patent Document 2)
[專利文獻1]特開2006-104883號公報 [Patent Document 1] JP-A-2006-104883
[專利文獻2]特開2013-039989號公報 [Patent Document 2] JP-A-2013-039989
但，如專利文獻1所述，在具有多數個支撐腳的立體倉庫之各個支撐腳的下端與基礎之間使其具備藉由積層橡膠所形成的免震構造的情況下，由於積層橡膠十分高價所以會有造成立體裝置的設備成本增加的問題。另外，專利文獻2也會有以下問題：由於設置前述第1水平構件與第2水平構件，必須進一步地設置用以連接前述第1水平構件與第2水平構件的黏彈性體，所以構造會變得複雜並且會造成立體裝置的設備成本增加。再者，專利文獻2中，使支撐腳得以免震的方向會受限於作為前述第1水平構件與第2水平構件進行滑動的方向之長邊方向，會有相對於和該滑動方向呈正交的方向無法有免震效果之問 題。 However, as described in Patent Document 1, in the case where the vibration-proof structure formed by the laminated rubber is provided between the lower end of each support leg of the three-dimensional warehouse having a plurality of support legs and the foundation, the laminated rubber is very expensive. Therefore, there is a problem that the cost of equipment for the stereoscopic device increases. Further, Patent Document 2 has a problem that since the first horizontal member and the second horizontal member are provided, it is necessary to further provide a viscoelastic body for connecting the first horizontal member and the second horizontal member, so that the structure is changed. It is complicated and causes an increase in equipment cost of the stereoscopic device. Further, in Patent Document 2, the direction in which the support leg is prevented from being shaken is limited by the longitudinal direction of the direction in which the first horizontal member and the second horizontal member slide, and is positive with respect to the sliding direction. The direction of the intersection cannot be shaken question.
另一方面，作為自動倉庫的立體倉庫係具有沿著塔式起重機的行走方向延伸的長度，並且在與塔式起重機的行走方向呈正交的方向形成有與所收納的貨物大小相對應的狹窄之寬度。由平面圖觀看是呈細長的矩形形狀。 On the other hand, the three-dimensional warehouse as an automatic warehouse has a length extending in the traveling direction of the tower crane, and is formed in a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the tower crane with a narrow size corresponding to the size of the stored cargo. The width. Viewed from a plan view, it has an elongated rectangular shape.
在具有上述於平面呈細長的矩形形狀之立體倉庫中，相對於長邊方向具有較高的剛性強度，狹窄的寬度方向之剛性強度較低。因此，為了保護立體倉庫免受地震影響，對於狹窄的寬度方向必須將免震特性設定成較低使其得以柔性地免震。另外，立體倉庫中，為了藉由塔式起重機對載架進行貨物的收納、裝載，所以與塔式起重機呈對向的載架之前面是呈開放。因此，由於在對立體倉庫的狹窄的寬度方向產生搖晃的情況下，會有貨物從載架落下的可能性，所以由該問題點也認為有必要使立體倉庫之狹窄的寬度方向得以柔性地免震。 In the three-dimensional warehouse having the above-described rectangular shape which is elongated in the plane, the rigidity is high with respect to the longitudinal direction, and the rigidity in the narrow width direction is low. Therefore, in order to protect the solid warehouse from the earthquake, it is necessary to set the vibration-free characteristic to be low in the narrow width direction so as to be flexibly shock-free. Further, in the three-dimensional warehouse, in order to store and load the load on the carrier by the tower crane, the front surface of the carrier that faces the tower crane is open. Therefore, since there is a possibility that the cargo falls from the carrier in the case of shaking in the narrow width direction of the three-dimensional warehouse, it is considered that it is necessary to make the narrow width direction of the three-dimensional warehouse flexible. shock.
該課題並不限定於立體倉庫，在由於無法藉由構造物所具備的裝置或配管將撐臂(brace)等的補強材料設置在構造物的柱，而使得剛性強度在水平的雙軸方向為相異的構造物之情況下，期望能夠因應構造物的剛性強度的方向來改變免震特性。 This problem is not limited to a three-dimensional warehouse, and a reinforcing material such as a brace is not provided in the column of the structure by means of a device or a pipe provided in the structure, so that the rigidity is in the horizontal biaxial direction. In the case of a different structure, it is desirable to be able to change the vibration-proof characteristics in accordance with the direction of the rigidity of the structure.
本發明係有鑑於上述習知技術之問題而開發完成者，其提供一種免震構造，係藉由簡單之構造而在水平的雙軸方向具有相異的免震特性，能夠使作用於構造物 的柱之荷重得以免震。 The present invention has been developed in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and provides a vibration-free structure which has a different vibration-proof characteristic in a horizontal biaxial direction by a simple structure, and can act on a structure. The load of the column is shock-free.
本發明的構成構造物的柱之免震構造，其特徵為：具有：2個柱構件，用以構成將平坦的端面配置為呈對向的柱；免震柱，在一端與另一端具有與平坦的前述端面呈對向之平坦的抵接面並且配置在2個前述柱構件之間； The seismic isolation structure of the column constituting the structure of the present invention is characterized in that it has two column members for arranging the flat end faces to be opposed to each other, and the vibration-proof column having one end and the other end. The flat front end surface is a flat abutting surface and is disposed between the two aforementioned column members;
止動構件，配置在2個前述柱構件與前述免震柱之間，用以防止2個前述柱構件朝水平方向進行相對移動時會使得前述免震柱的一端及另一端朝水平方向外側對2個前述柱構件進行移動；以及彈性體，用以使前述免震柱的一端及另一端的平坦的前述抵接面與2個前述柱構件的平坦的前述端面密接，藉此具備有制動機構用以使得前述免震柱會藉由前述止動構件而以支點為中心開始產生傾斜， The stopping member is disposed between the two column members and the shock-absorbing column to prevent the two column members from moving relative to each other in the horizontal direction, so that one end and the other end of the vibration-damping column are horizontally outward. The two column members are moved; and the elastic body is configured to closely contact the flat abutting surface of one end and the other end of the seismic isolation column with the flat end faces of the two column members, thereby providing a brake mechanism In order to cause the aforementioned shock-absorbing column to start tilting centering on the fulcrum by the aforementioned stopping member,
前述彈性體，係配置用以使得前述免震柱開始產生傾斜時的制動荷重，在水平的雙軸方向會相異。 The aforementioned elastic body is configured to cause the brake load when the shock-absorbing column starts to be inclined, and is different in the horizontal biaxial direction.
上述構成構造物的柱之免震構造中，係能夠在2個前述柱構件與前述免震柱之間的寬度方向的邊與深度方向的邊，配置不同數量的彈性體。 In the seismic isolation structure of the column constituting the structure, a different number of elastic bodies can be disposed in the width direction side and the depth direction side between the two column members and the vibration-isolating column.
上述構成構造物的柱之免震構造中，前述止動構件較佳為：從2個前述柱構件與前述免震柱的一端及另一端的其中一方突出來圍繞另一方而形成。 In the seismic isolation structure of the column constituting the structure, the stopper member preferably is formed by projecting from one of the two column members and one end and the other end of the vibration-isolating column to surround the other.
前述構成構造物的柱之免震構造中，前述支 點係較佳為：藉由2個前述構件的平坦的前述端面之端緣及前述免震柱的平坦的前述抵接面之端緣來形成。 In the seismic isolation structure of the column constituting the structure described above, the aforementioned branch Preferably, the dot system is formed by the edge of the flat end surface of the two members and the edge of the flat abutting surface of the shock-absorbing pillar.
前述構成構造物的柱之免震構造中，前述彈性體較佳為：配置在比藉由2個前述構件的平坦的前述端面或前述免震柱的平坦的前述抵接面所形成的支點更靠內側。 In the seismic isolation structure of the column constituting the structure, the elastic body is preferably disposed more than a fulcrum formed by the flat end surface of the two members or the flat abutting surface of the vibration-isolating column. On the inside.
前述構成構造物的柱之免震構造中，較佳為：設置有位移限制機構，用以限制當前述免震柱產生傾斜時之前述免震柱的位移。 In the above-described seismic isolation structure of the column constituting the structure, it is preferable that a displacement restricting mechanism is provided for restricting displacement of the shock-absorbing column when the shock-absorbing column is inclined.
前述構成構造物的柱之免震構造中，亦可具有：凸狀的止動構件，具備於2個前述柱構件的前述端面與前述免震柱的前述抵接面之其中一方的中心；以及凹狀的止動構件，具備於2個前述柱構件的前述端面與前述免震柱的前述抵接面之另一方的中心用以與凸狀的前述止動構件嵌合。 The seismic isolation structure of the column constituting the structure may include a convex stopper member and a center of one of the end faces of the two column members and the abutting surface of the seismic isolation column; The concave stopper member is provided in the center of the other end surface of the two column members and the abutting surface of the vibration-isolating column for fitting with the convex stopper member.
本發明構造物係要求免震效果在水平的雙軸方向為相異之構造物，其特徵為：前述免震構造係配置在前述構造物的柱，用以使藉由該免震構造所具備的前述彈性體而產生的朝水平的雙軸方向之制動荷重的較低側，會和欲提高前述構造物的免震效果之方向一致。 The structure of the present invention is required to have a structure in which the seismic isolation effect is different in the horizontal biaxial direction, wherein the seismic isolation structure is disposed on the column of the structure for enabling the seismic isolation structure The lower side of the braking load in the horizontal biaxial direction generated by the aforementioned elastic body is in accordance with the direction in which the vibration-proof effect of the aforementioned structure is to be improved.
依據本發明，在發生地震時，會因為2個柱構件朝水平方向進行相對移動而使得免震柱作動來朝2個 柱構件產生傾斜，此時，由於作成為能夠個別地設定免震柱朝水平的雙軸方向產生傾斜時的水平的雙軸方向之制動荷重，所以能夠達成以下優異之功效：利用簡單之構造而能夠利用相異的免震特性朝水平的雙軸方向有效地使作用於構造物的荷重得以免震。 According to the present invention, in the event of an earthquake, the two column members move relative to each other in the horizontal direction, so that the vibration-free column is actuated toward two In the case where the column member is tilted, it is possible to individually set the horizontal braking force in the biaxial direction when the seismic column is tilted in the horizontal biaxial direction. Therefore, the following excellent effects can be achieved: a simple configuration is used. It is possible to effectively make the load acting on the structure shock-proof in the horizontal biaxial direction by using the different vibration-proof characteristics.
1‧‧‧柱 1‧‧ ‧ column
1A‧‧‧柱構件 1A‧‧‧column components
1B‧‧‧柱構件 1B‧‧‧column components
5‧‧‧免震構造 5‧‧‧ Earthquake-free structure
6‧‧‧端面 6‧‧‧ end face
7‧‧‧端面 7‧‧‧ end face
8‧‧‧抵接面 8‧‧‧Abutment
9‧‧‧抵接面 9‧‧‧Abutment
10‧‧‧免震柱 10‧‧‧ Shock-free column
10a‧‧‧一端 10a‧‧‧End
10b‧‧‧另一端 10b‧‧‧The other end
11‧‧‧制動機構 11‧‧‧ brake mechanism
12‧‧‧按壓凸緣 12‧‧‧ Pressing the flange
13‧‧‧止動構件 13‧‧‧stop members
14‧‧‧間隙 14‧‧‧ gap
16‧‧‧調芯機構 16‧‧‧Coring mechanism
16a‧‧‧凸部 16a‧‧‧ convex
16b‧‧‧凹部 16b‧‧‧ recess
17‧‧‧抵接凸緣 17‧‧‧Abutment flange
18‧‧‧制動附加裝置 18‧‧‧Brake attachment
19‧‧‧彈性體 19‧‧‧ Elastomers
20‧‧‧凸狀的止動構件 20‧‧‧ convex stop members
21‧‧‧凹狀的止動構件 21‧‧‧ concave stop members
24x‧‧‧寬度方向的邊 24x‧‧‧ Width side
24y‧‧‧深度方向的邊 24y‧‧‧side of the depth direction
100‧‧‧立體倉庫(構造物) 100‧‧‧Three-dimensional warehouse (structure)
B‧‧‧寬度 B‧‧‧Width
E‧‧‧支點 E‧‧‧ pivot
S1‧‧‧加速度 S1‧‧ acceleration
第1圖a係表示本發明的構成構造物的柱之免震構造的一實施例之正面圖。 Fig. 1A is a front view showing an embodiment of a seismic isolation structure of a column constituting a structure of the present invention.
第1圖b係表示第1圖a的2個柱構件進行相對移動後的狀態之說明圖。 Fig. 1b is an explanatory view showing a state in which two column members of Fig. 1a are relatively moved.
第2圖a係表示配置第1圖a的彈性體之狀態的免震柱之平面圖。 Fig. 2A is a plan view showing a vibration-isolating column in a state in which the elastic body of Fig. 1a is placed.
第2圖b係從IIB-IIB方向觀看第2圖a之正面圖。 Fig. 2b is a front view of Fig. 2a viewed from the IIB-IIB direction.
第2圖c係從IIC-IIC方向觀看第2圖a之側面圖。 Fig. 2c is a side view of Fig. 2a viewed from the IIC-IIC direction.
第2圖d係用以說明作為水平的雙軸方向之寬度方向(X軸方向)的特性之作用圖。 Fig. 2 is a view for explaining the action of the characteristic in the width direction (X-axis direction) of the horizontal biaxial direction.
第2圖e係用以說明作為水平的雙軸方向之深度方向(Y軸方向)的特性之作用圖。 Fig. 2 is a diagram for explaining the behavior of the depth direction (Y-axis direction) in the horizontal biaxial direction.
第3圖a係表示彈性體的安裝例之說明圖。 Fig. 3A is an explanatory view showing an example of mounting of an elastic body.
第3圖b係表示第3圖a的變形例之說明圖。 Fig. 3b is an explanatory view showing a modification of Fig. 3a.
第3圖c係表示彈性體的其他安裝例之說明圖。 Fig. 3C is an explanatory view showing another example of mounting of the elastic body.
第3圖d係表示第3圖c的變形例之說明圖。 Fig. 3 is a view showing a modification of Fig. 3c.
第4圖a係表示止動構件的形狀例之立體圖。 Fig. 4A is a perspective view showing an example of the shape of the stopper member.
第4圖b係表示止動構件的其他形狀例之立體圖。 Fig. 4b is a perspective view showing another example of the shape of the stopper member.
第4圖c係表示止動構件的另一其他形狀例之立體圖。 Fig. 4c is a perspective view showing another example of the shape of the stopper member.
第4圖d係表示止動構件的又另一其他形狀例之立體圖。 Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing still another example of the shape of the stopper member.
第5圖a係表示第1圖a的免震構造所具有之制動機構的其他實施例之正面圖。 Fig. 5A is a front elevational view showing another embodiment of the brake mechanism included in the seismic isolation structure of Fig. 1a.
第5圖b係表示使5圖a進行變形後的實施例之正面圖。 Fig. 5b is a front view showing an embodiment in which Fig. 5 is deformed.
第6圖a係表示用以限制免震柱之傾斜的位移限制機構之形狀例的說明圖。 Fig. 6A is an explanatory view showing an example of the shape of a displacement restricting mechanism for restricting the inclination of the vibration-isolating column.
第6圖b係表示用以限制免震柱之傾斜的位移限制機構之其他的形狀例的說明圖。 Fig. 6b is an explanatory view showing another example of the shape of the displacement restricting mechanism for restricting the inclination of the vibration-isolating column.
第6圖c係表示用以限制免震柱之傾斜的位移限制機構之另一其他的形狀例的說明圖。 Fig. 6(c) is an explanatory view showing another example of the shape of the displacement restricting mechanism for restricting the inclination of the vibration-isolating column.
第7圖a係已應用本發明的免震構造之構造物的一例之立體倉庫的側面圖。 Fig. 7A is a side view of a three-dimensional warehouse in which an example of a structure of the earthquake-proof structure of the present invention is applied.
第7圖b係從F-F方向觀看第7圖a之正面圖。 Fig. 7b is a front view of Fig. 7a viewed from the F-F direction.
以下，利用圖式的例子來說明關於本發明的實施方式。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described using examples of the drawings.
第7圖a、第7圖b係表示已應用本發明的免 震構造之構造物的一例之立體倉庫。立體倉庫100(構造物)，係具有下述構造：藉由具備複數根鋼鐵製的柱1與複數層的鋼鐵製的樑2而立體地組合而成之複數個載架3(棚架)。立體倉庫100係夾持著塔式起重機4而豎起地設置，並且立體倉庫100係如第7圖a所示，具有沿著塔式起重機4的行走方向朝長邊方向延伸的長度V，而在與塔式起重機4的行走方向呈正交的寬度方向係如第7圖b所示，具有與所收納的貨物大小相對應的狹窄之寬度W。構成前述立體倉庫100的複數根柱1，係具有高強度用以支撐收納在載架3的貨物重量。 Fig. 7a and Fig. 7b show the exemption to which the present invention has been applied. A three-dimensional warehouse of an example of a structure of a seismic structure. The three-dimensional warehouse 100 (structure) has a structure in which a plurality of carriers 3 (shelves) are formed by three-dimensionally combining a column 1 made of a plurality of steels and a plurality of steel beams 2 made of steel. The three-dimensional warehouse 100 is erected with the tower crane 4 interposed therebetween, and the three-dimensional warehouse 100 has a length V extending in the longitudinal direction along the traveling direction of the tower crane 4 as shown in Fig. 7a. The width direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the tower crane 4 is as shown in Fig. 7b, and has a narrow width W corresponding to the size of the stored goods. The plurality of columns 1 constituting the three-dimensional warehouse 100 have high strength for supporting the weight of the goods stored in the carrier 3.
對各個構成第7圖a、第7圖b的立體倉庫100之複數根柱1設置本發明的免震構造5。該免震構造5係如第7圖a、第7圖b所示，設置在立體倉庫100所具備的各別的柱1的相同之高度位置。免震構造5係能夠設置在柱1的任意之高度位置，或者亦可設置在柱1的下端與基礎T之間。 The seismic isolation structure 5 of the present invention is provided for each of the plurality of columns 1 constituting the three-dimensional warehouse 100 of Figs. 7 and 7b. The seismic isolation structure 5 is provided at the same height position of each of the columns 1 provided in the three-dimensional warehouse 100 as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B. The seismic isolation structure 5 can be disposed at any height position of the column 1, or can be disposed between the lower end of the column 1 and the base T.
第1圖a係表示本發明的構成構造物的柱之免震構造的一實施例。設置在構成立體倉庫100的柱1之免震構造5具備有2個柱構件1A、1B，係具有：下側的柱構件1A，例如豎立地設置於第7圖a、第7圖b的基礎T並且在上端形成有水平且平坦的端面6；以及上側的柱構件1B，配置於該柱構件1A的延長上並且在下端形成有水平且平坦的端面7。在2個柱構件1A、1B的呈對向之平坦的端面6、7之間，配置有：免震柱10，在一端10a 與另一端10b具備與該端面6、7抵接的平坦的抵接面8、9。前述2個柱構件1A、1B及免震柱10，係表示利用水平剖面為具有矩形形狀的角型鋼材所構成的情況。再者，柱構件1A、1B及免震柱10並非限定於角型鋼材者，也可以是H型鋼材、I型鋼材、Z型鋼材、圓筒型鋼材。 Fig. 1A is a view showing an embodiment of the seismic isolation structure of the column constituting the structure of the present invention. The vibration-isolating structure 5 provided in the column 1 constituting the three-dimensional warehouse 100 is provided with two column members 1A and 1B, and has a lower column member 1A, for example, which is provided upright on the basis of FIG. 7 and FIG. T and a horizontal and flat end face 6 are formed at the upper end; and the upper column member 1B is disposed on the extension of the column member 1A and has a horizontal and flat end face 7 formed at the lower end. Between the opposite end faces 6 and 7 of the two column members 1A and 1B, a shock-absorbing column 10 is disposed at one end 10a. The other end 10b is provided with flat abutting faces 8, 9 that abut against the end faces 6, 7. The two column members 1A and 1B and the seismic isolation column 10 are formed by using an angular steel material having a rectangular cross section in a horizontal cross section. Further, the column members 1A and 1B and the seismic isolation column 10 are not limited to the angle type steel, and may be an H-shaped steel material, an I-shaped steel material, a Z-shaped steel material, or a cylindrical steel material.
在2個柱構件1A、1B呈對向的端部、與前述免震柱10的一端10a及另一端10b之間，設置有制動機構11。制動機構11係具有：制動機能，藉由自重使前述端面6、7與抵接面8、9持續保持為密接狀態；以及止動構件13，用以防止2個柱構件1A、1B朝水平方向進行相對移動時會使得前述免震柱10的一端10a及另一端10b相對於2個柱構件1A、1B朝水平方向外側脫落，並且用以使免震柱10開始產生傾斜。第1圖a所示的前述制動機構11係具備有：止動構件13，作成為從2個柱構件1A、1B與免震柱10的一端10a及另一端10b的其中一方突出，來圍繞2個柱構件1A、1B與免震柱10的一端10a及另一端10b的另一方。再者，第1圖a所示的制動機構11係表示具備由下述彈性體19所組成的制動附加裝置18，而使制動荷重增加的情況。 A brake mechanism 11 is provided between the opposite end portions of the two column members 1A and 1B and the one end 10a and the other end 10b of the seismic isolation column 10. The brake mechanism 11 has a brake function that keeps the end faces 6, 7 and the abutting faces 8, 9 in a close contact state by its own weight, and a stopper member 13 for preventing the two column members 1A, 1B from being horizontally oriented. When the relative movement is performed, the one end 10a and the other end 10b of the above-described vibration-isolating column 10 are detached outward in the horizontal direction with respect to the two column members 1A, 1B, and are used to cause the shock-absorbing column 10 to start tilting. The brake mechanism 11 shown in Fig. 1A includes a stopper member 13 that protrudes from one of the two column members 1A and 1B and one end 10a and the other end 10b of the seismic isolation column 10 to surround the two. The column members 1A, 1B and the other end of the one end 10a and the other end 10b of the seismic isolation column 10. Further, the brake mechanism 11 shown in Fig. 1A shows a case where the brake attachment device 18 composed of the elastic body 19 described below is provided to increase the brake load.
第1圖a的實施例中，前述免震柱10的一端10a與另一端10b設置有抵接凸緣17，係朝水平方向外側突出而形成前述抵接面8、9。在下側的柱構件1A的上端、與上側的柱構件1B的下端，設置有按壓凸緣12，係 朝水平方向外側突出而形成前述端面6、7。另外，前述按壓凸緣12設置有止動構件13，係用以圍繞設置在前述免震柱10的抵接凸緣17的外周。第1圖a的止動構件13係利用所需長度傾斜地延伸而從按壓凸緣12朝免震柱10的長邊方向內側與免震柱10分離，因此止動構件13的內面與免震柱10的外面之間形成有朝免震柱10的長邊方向內側呈開放的間隙14。又，在2個柱構件1A、1B朝水平方向進行相對移動後，免震柱10會藉由使其抵接面8、9抵接於止動構件13的內面與端面6、7的角隅部，而能夠防止相對於2個柱構件1A、1B朝水平方向外側進行移動。亦即，前述止動構件13的內面與端面6、7的角隅部會形成為支點E，使得免震柱10形成可開始傾斜。另外，也可以將止動構件13設置在抵接凸緣17並且使該止動構件13形成為圍繞著按壓凸緣12的外周，來取代第1圖a的構造。 In the embodiment of Fig. 1a, the one end 10a and the other end 10b of the seismic isolation column 10 are provided with abutting flanges 17, which protrude outward in the horizontal direction to form the abutting faces 8, 9. A pressing flange 12 is provided at an upper end of the lower column member 1A and a lower end of the upper column member 1B. The end faces 6, 7 are formed to protrude outward in the horizontal direction. Further, the pressing flange 12 is provided with a stopper member 13 for surrounding the outer circumference of the abutting flange 17 provided on the above-described vibration-damping post 10. The stopper member 13 of Fig. 1a is obliquely extended by a desired length, and is separated from the vibration-proof column 10 from the pressing flange 12 toward the inner side in the longitudinal direction of the vibration-isolating column 10, so that the inner surface of the stopper member 13 is shock-proof. A gap 14 that is open toward the inner side in the longitudinal direction of the seismic isolation column 10 is formed between the outer surfaces of the columns 10. Further, after the two column members 1A and 1B are relatively moved in the horizontal direction, the seismic isolation column 10 abuts against the inner surface of the stopper member 13 and the end faces 6 and 7 by the abutting faces 8 and 9. The crotch portion can prevent the two column members 1A and 1B from moving outward in the horizontal direction. That is, the inner surface of the stopper member 13 and the corner portions of the end faces 6, 7 are formed as the fulcrum E, so that the vibration-isolating column 10 is formed to start tilting. Further, instead of the structure of Fig. 1 a, the stopper member 13 may be provided on the abutting flange 17 and the stopper member 13 may be formed to surround the outer circumference of the pressing flange 12.
在此，藉由將2個柱構件1A、1B的剖面作為矩形，前述支點E會藉由免震柱10的平坦的抵接面8、9之水平且直線地延伸之端緣來形成。 Here, by making the cross section of the two column members 1A and 1B rectangular, the fulcrum E is formed by the horizontal and linearly extending end edges of the flat abutting faces 8 and 9 of the seismic isolation column 10.
第4圖a、第4圖b、第4圖c、第4圖d係表示構成設置於2個柱構件1A、1B的前述制動機構11之止動構件13的形狀例。由於設置於2個柱構件1A、1B與免震柱10之間的制動機構11係具有上下對稱的形狀，所以第4圖a、第4圖b、第4圖c、第4圖d中僅表示設置在下側的柱構件1A的止動構件13。 4A, 4D, 4C, and 4D show an example of the shape of the stopper member 13 constituting the brake mechanism 11 provided in the two column members 1A and 1B. Since the brake mechanism 11 provided between the two column members 1A and 1B and the seismic isolation column 10 has a vertically symmetrical shape, only the fourth figure a, the fourth figure b, the fourth figure c, and the fourth figure d are only The stopper member 13 of the column member 1A provided on the lower side is shown.
第4圖a與第1圖a相同係表示設置有呈突出的止動構件13來圍繞前述免震柱10的一端10a的外周全部之情況。第4圖b係表示僅在按壓凸緣12的4個角隅部設置有止動構件13'之情況。第4圖c係表示僅在按壓凸緣12的4個邊部設置有止動構件13"之情況。第4圖d係表示在按壓凸緣12設置藉由作為螺樁構件的突起15所形成的止動構件13，來圍繞免震柱10的一端10a的外周之情況。 4A is the same as FIG. 1a, and shows a case where the protruding stopper member 13 is provided to surround the entire outer circumference of the one end 10a of the seismic isolation column 10. Fig. 4b shows a case where the stopper member 13' is provided only at the four corner portions of the pressing flange 12. Fig. 4c shows a case where the stopper member 13" is provided only at the four side portions of the pressing flange 12. Fig. 4D shows that the pressing flange 12 is formed by the projection 15 as a stud member. The stopper member 13 surrounds the outer periphery of the one end 10a of the seismic isolation column 10.
第5圖a、第5圖b係表示前述制動機構11的其他實施例，其係在2個柱構件1A、1B的端面6、7與免震柱10的抵接面8、9的其中一方具有凸狀的止動構件20，而在另一方設置有凹狀的止動構件21之情況。第5圖a的制動機構11係在免震柱10的抵接凸緣17設置朝上下突出的凸狀的止動構件20，並且該凸狀的止動構件20係具有下述構造：嵌合於藉由角鋼所組成之柱構件1A、1B而形成的凹狀的止動構件21。第5圖b的制動機構11係在柱構件1A、1B的按壓凸緣12設置凸狀的止動構件20，並且該凸狀的止動構件20係具有下述構造：嵌合於藉由角鋼所組成之免震柱10而形成的凹狀的止動構件21。 FIGS. 5A and 5B show another embodiment of the brake mechanism 11, which is one of the abutting faces 8 and 9 of the end faces 6, 7 of the two column members 1A and 1B and the seismic isolation column 10. There is a case where the convex stopper member 20 is provided and the concave stopper member 21 is provided on the other side. The brake mechanism 11 of Fig. 5A is provided with a convex stopper member 20 that protrudes upward and downward at the abutment flange 17 of the vibration-isolating column 10, and the convex stopper member 20 has the following configuration: fitting A concave stopper member 21 formed by column members 1A, 1B composed of angle steel. The brake mechanism 11 of Fig. 5b is provided with a convex stopper member 20 at the pressing flange 12 of the column members 1A, 1B, and the convex stopper member 20 has the following configuration: fitting with an angle steel A concave stopper member 21 formed by the vibration-isolating column 10 is formed.
如上所述，係藉由：前述2個柱構件1A、1B的平坦的端面6、7、以及與該端面6、7密接的免震柱10的平坦的抵接面8、9、以及用以形成使免震柱10開始產生傾斜的支點E之止動構件13、20、21，來構成制動機 構11。 As described above, the flat end faces 6 and 7 of the two column members 1A and 1B and the flat abutting faces 8 and 9 of the seismic isolation column 10 which are in close contact with the end faces 6 and 7 are used for Forming the stopper members 13, 20, 21 of the fulcrum E that causes the shock-absorbing column 10 to start to tilt, to constitute a brake Structure 11.
並且，第1圖a、第1圖b中，在前述免震柱10與2個柱構件1A、1B之間具備有：調芯機構16，用以防止前述免震柱10相對於2個柱構件1A、1B朝水平位置產生位移。第1圖a、第1圖b的調芯機構16，係在前述2個柱構件1A、1B的端面6、7的中央位置，形成朝免震柱10突出的圓錐狀或角錐狀的凸部16a，並且在前述免震柱10的一端10a及另一端10b的抵接面8、9形成有與前述凸部16a嵌合的圓錐狀或角錐狀的凹部16b。在具備有上述調芯機構16的情況下，即使在2個柱構件1A、1B與免震柱10之間於水平方向產生位移後的情況下，當呈傾斜的免震柱10復原時，2個柱構件1A、1B與免震柱10會進行調整而復原至一定的位置。 In addition, in the first diagram a and the first diagram b, a aligning mechanism 16 is provided between the seismic isolation column 10 and the two column members 1A and 1B to prevent the seismic isolation column 10 from being opposed to the two columns. The members 1A, 1B are displaced toward the horizontal position. The alignment mechanism 16 of Fig. 1 and Fig. 1b is formed at a central position of the end faces 6 and 7 of the two column members 1A and 1B, and has a conical or pyramidal convex portion that protrudes toward the vibration-isolating column 10. 16a, a conical or pyramid-shaped recess 16b fitted to the convex portion 16a is formed on the abutting faces 8 and 9 of the one end 10a and the other end 10b of the shock-absorbing column 10. When the above-described aligning mechanism 16 is provided, even when the displacement between the two column members 1A and 1B and the vibration-isolating column 10 is caused in the horizontal direction, when the inclined seismic column 10 is restored, 2 The column members 1A, 1B and the seismic isolation column 10 are adjusted and restored to a certain position.
如第1圖a、第1圖b、第5圖a、第5圖b所示，在2個柱構件1A、1B所具備的按壓凸緣12、與免震柱10所具備的抵接凸緣17之間，設置有藉由彈性體19所組成有制動附加裝置18。彈性體19係用以彈性地連結按壓凸緣12與抵接凸緣17，來利用所需的力道來使2個柱構件1A、1B的端面6、7與免震柱10的一端10a及另一端10b的抵接面8、9密接。該彈性體19係能夠設置在比藉由前述端面6、7及抵接面8、9所形成的支點E更靠內側。前述彈性體19所組成的制動附加裝置18係藉由選定其設置數，而能夠對藉由制動機構11使得免震柱10開始產生傾斜時的制動荷重進行調整。作為彈性體19， 係能夠使用盤形彈簧等所組成的復原彈簧。 As shown in FIG. 1 a, FIG. 1 b, FIG. 5 a and FIG. 5 b, the pressing flange 12 provided in the two column members 1A and 1B and the abutting projection provided in the seismic isolation column 10 Between the rims 17, a brake attachment 18 is formed by the elastomer 19. The elastic body 19 is configured to elastically couple the pressing flange 12 and the abutting flange 17 to make the end faces 6, 7 of the two column members 1A, 1B and the one end 10a of the shock-absorbing column 10 and the other with the required force. The abutting faces 8, 9 of the one end 10b are in close contact. The elastic body 19 can be disposed on the inner side than the fulcrum E formed by the end faces 6 and 7 and the abutting faces 8 and 9. The brake attachment device 18 composed of the elastic body 19 can adjust the brake load when the shock-absorbing column 10 starts to tilt by the brake mechanism 11 by selecting the number of installations. As the elastic body 19, A return spring composed of a disc spring or the like can be used.
前述彈性體19係如第3圖a所示，亦可設置在按壓凸緣12的下側，或者如第3圖b所示，設置在抵接凸緣17的上側也可以。此時，對盤形彈簧所組成的彈性體19賦予壓縮力的張力桿19a係貫穿設置在按壓凸緣12及抵接凸緣17的開口19b，並且藉由使開口19b具有比張力桿19a的直徑更大之口徑來進行鬆配合。再者，如第3圖c所示，亦可將前述彈性體19配置成彈性地連結突出地設置在柱構件1A與免震柱10的外側之安裝構件22、23之間，或者如第3圖d所示，亦可將前述彈性體19配置成彈性地連結突出地設置在柱構件1A與免震柱10的內側之安裝構件22'、23'之間。再者，即使在該情況下，彈性體19也能夠設置在比藉由前述端面6、7及抵接面8、9所形成的支點E更靠內側。 The elastic body 19 may be provided on the lower side of the pressing flange 12 as shown in FIG. 3A or may be provided on the upper side of the abutting flange 17 as shown in FIG. 3b. At this time, the tension rod 19a that applies a compressive force to the elastic body 19 composed of the disc spring is inserted through the opening 19b of the pressing flange 12 and the abutting flange 17, and by making the opening 19b have the tension rod 19a A larger diameter diameter for loose fit. Further, as shown in FIG. 3C, the elastic body 19 may be disposed to be elastically coupled between the column members 1A and the mounting members 22, 23 outside the seismic column 10, or as in the third. As shown in FIG. d, the elastic body 19 may be disposed to be elastically coupled between the column members 1A and the mounting members 22' and 23' on the inner side of the seismic isolation column 10. Further, even in this case, the elastic body 19 can be provided on the inner side than the fulcrum E formed by the end faces 6, 7 and the abutting faces 8, 9.
第2圖a、第2圖b、第2圖c係表示在免震柱10配置彈性體19的配置方法的一例。其係表示各別在朝具有矩形形狀的免震柱10的抵接面8、9之寬度方向(X軸方向)延伸之2個邊24x上，利用相互距離為L1來配置4個彈性體19，並且在朝深度方向(Y軸方向)延伸之2個邊24y上未具備有彈性體19的情況。 FIG. 2 a, FIG. 2 b, and FIG. 2 c show an example of a method of arranging the elastic body 19 on the seismic isolation column 10 . It is shown that the four elastic bodies 19 are disposed on the two sides 24x extending in the width direction (X-axis direction) of the abutting faces 8 and 9 of the seismic-immobilized column 10 having a rectangular shape, and the mutual distance is L1. Further, the elastic body 19 is not provided on the two sides 24y extending in the depth direction (Y-axis direction).
如第2圖a、第2圖b、第2圖c所示，設置在寬度方向的邊24x與深度方向的邊24y之彈性體19係能夠選定任意之數量來進行設置。藉此，能夠任意地對水平的雙軸方向X、Y進行設定如第1圖b所示，當抵接凸 緣17的外周抵接於止動構件13而使得免震柱10以支點E為中心開始產生傾斜時的制動荷重。前述彈性體19亦可使用具備有相同彈撥力者來改變設置數進行配置，或者配置彈撥力相異的彈性體19也可以。 As shown in FIG. 2 a, FIG. 2 b, and FIG. 2 c, the elastic body 19 provided with the side 24x in the width direction and the side 24y in the depth direction can be set in an arbitrary number. Thereby, the horizontal biaxial directions X and Y can be arbitrarily set as shown in FIG. 1b, when the abutment convex The outer circumference of the rim 17 abuts against the stopper member 13 such that the vibration-damping column 10 starts to generate the brake load at the time of inclination with the fulcrum E as the center. The elastic body 19 may be disposed by changing the number of installations with the same plucking force, or may be configured with an elastic body 19 having different plucking forces.
第6圖a、第6圖b、第6圖c係表示位移限制機構25，用以限制前述免震柱10產生傾斜後在免震柱10與2個柱構件1A、1B之間的位移。另外，在上述各圖中係省略配置彈性體19。第6圖a的位移限制機構25係表示設置有卡止片26的情況，該卡止片26係設置成從柱構件1A的止動構件13進一步地延伸至免震柱10的上側而具有間隙G為止。第6圖b的位移限制機構25係表示利用與柱構件1A的按壓凸緣12和免震柱10的抵接凸緣17之間具有間隙G的長度之連結螺栓27來進行連結的情況。第6圖c的位移限制機構25係表示設置有卡止構件28的情況，該卡止構件28係設置成從柱構件1A的按壓凸緣12延伸至相對於柱構件1B的按壓凸緣12的上側係具有間隙G的長度。另外，前述位移限制機構25亦可如上所述地作成為兼具止動構件13的形狀，或者是設置成與止動構件13無關而呈獨立的構造亦可。 Fig. 6a, Fig. 6b, and Fig. 6c show a displacement restricting mechanism 25 for restricting the displacement between the vibration-isolating column 10 and the two column members 1A, 1B after the shock-absorbing column 10 is tilted. In addition, in each of the above figures, the elastic body 19 is omitted. The displacement restricting mechanism 25 of Fig. 6a shows a case where the locking piece 26 is provided, and the locking piece 26 is provided to extend from the stopper member 13 of the column member 1A to the upper side of the vibration-isolating column 10 with a gap. G so far. The displacement restricting mechanism 25 of Fig. 6b shows a case where the connecting bolts 27 having the length of the gap G between the pressing flange 12 of the column member 1A and the abutting flange 17 of the seismic isolation column 10 are connected. The displacement restricting mechanism 25 of Fig. 6c shows a case where the locking member 28 is provided, which is provided to extend from the pressing flange 12 of the column member 1A to the pressing flange 12 with respect to the column member 1B. The upper side has a length of the gap G. Further, the displacement restricting mechanism 25 may have a shape that also has the stopper member 13 as described above, or may be provided independently of the stopper member 13 and may have an independent structure.
上述實施例中，係如下所述而作動。 In the above embodiment, the operation is as follows.
第1圖a係表示靜止狀態時的柱1，施加於上側的柱構件1B的貨物之荷重係經由與柱構件1B的平坦的端面7呈密接的免震柱10的平坦的抵接面9、及與免震柱10的平坦的抵接面8呈密接的柱構件1A的平坦的端 面6而傳達至下側柱構件1A，使得柱1會保持呈直線狀態。 Fig. 1A shows the column 1 in a stationary state, and the load applied to the upper column member 1B is a flat abutting surface 9 of the seismic isolation column 10 that is in close contact with the flat end surface 7 of the column member 1B. And a flat end of the column member 1A that is in close contact with the flat abutment surface 8 of the seismic isolation column 10 The face 6 is conveyed to the lower column member 1A so that the column 1 is kept in a straight line state.
並且，在第1圖a中，即使是在因為發生地震而於柱1產生水平方向之相對較小的加速度S1之搖晃的情況下，前述柱1還是會保持呈直線狀態。亦即，藉由柱構件1A、1B的按壓凸緣12的平坦的端面6、7與免震柱10的一端10a和另一端10b的抵接凸緣17的平坦的抵接面8、9之密合而產生的保持力，會使柱1保持呈直線狀態。此時，由於平坦的端面6、7與平坦的抵接面8、9的整面會藉由荷重而密接，所以藉由密合而產生之保持力會變大並且用以使免震柱10傾斜所需之制動荷重也會變大。 Further, in Fig. 1a, even in the case where the column 1 is shaken by the relatively small acceleration S1 in the horizontal direction due to the occurrence of an earthquake, the column 1 remains in a straight line state. That is, the flat abutting faces 8, 9 of the abutting flanges 17 of the one end 10a and the other end 10b of the shock-absorbing column 10 by the flat end faces 6, 7 of the pressing flanges 12 of the column members 1A, 1B The holding force generated by the closeness keeps the column 1 in a straight line. At this time, since the flat end faces 6, 7 and the entire faces of the flat abutting faces 8, 9 are closely adhered by the load, the holding force generated by the adhesion becomes large and serves to make the vibration-proof column 10 The brake load required for tilting also becomes larger.
又，由於會因為彈性體19所產生之拉引而對平坦的端面6、7與平坦的抵接面8、9附加密接力，所以即使因為中小規模的地震而於水平方向產生相對較小的加速度S1之搖晃，前述免震柱10的抵接面8、9與柱構件1A、1B的端面6、7也會保持呈密接狀態。 Further, since the flat end faces 6, 7 and the flat abutting faces 8 and 9 are attached with an adhesive force due to the pulling by the elastic body 19, even a small amount is generated in the horizontal direction due to a small-to-small earthquake. When the acceleration S1 is shaken, the abutting faces 8 and 9 of the seismic isolation column 10 and the end faces 6 and 7 of the column members 1A and 1B are also kept in close contact with each other.
另一方面，在因為發生大規模的地震而如第1圖b所示，於水平方向產生較大之加速度S2的搖晃的情況下，柱構件1A、1B會形成朝水平方向進行相對移動之狀態。此時，由於免震柱10的一端10a及另一端10b會抵接於止動構件13的內面與端面6、7之角隅部而無法移動，所以在對免震柱10作用超過藉由端面6、7與抵接面8、9之密接而生成之制動荷重的範圍之荷重的情況下， 會如第1圖b所示，免震柱10會以抵接面8、9的端緣(邊)作為支點E而開始傾斜。藉由如上所述使免震柱10傾斜，會使得朝水平的左右方向之較大的加速度S2的搖晃得以免震。另外，即使在水平的深度方向產生較大的加速度S2的情況下，也會同樣地藉由使免震柱10朝深度方向傾斜來使水平的深度方向之較大的加速度S2的搖晃得以免震。此時，當將抵接面8、9的左右方向的寬度B及深度方向的深長形成為較大時，由於免震柱10會難以朝左右方向及深度方向傾斜，所以能夠設定成較大的制動荷重。 On the other hand, in the case where a large-scale earthquake occurs as shown in FIG. 1B, when the large acceleration S2 is shaken in the horizontal direction, the column members 1A and 1B are formed to be relatively moved in the horizontal direction. . At this time, since the one end 10a and the other end 10b of the seismic isolation column 10 abut against the inner surface of the stopper member 13 and the corners of the end surfaces 6, 7 and cannot move, the action on the vibration-damping column 10 is exceeded. In the case where the end faces 6, 7 and the abutting faces 8 and 9 are in close contact with each other to generate a load load range, As shown in Fig. 1b, the shock-absorbing column 10 starts tilting with the end edges (edges) of the abutting faces 8, 9 as the fulcrum E. By tilting the vibration-isolating column 10 as described above, the shaking of the large acceleration S2 in the horizontal left-right direction is prevented from being shaken. Further, even when a large acceleration S2 is generated in the horizontal depth direction, the shaking of the large acceleration S2 in the horizontal depth direction can be shaken by tilting the vibration-isolating column 10 in the depth direction. . In this case, when the width B in the left-right direction of the abutting surfaces 8 and 9 and the depth in the depth direction are formed to be large, the seismic column 10 is difficult to incline in the left-right direction and the depth direction, so that it can be set to be large. Brake load.
如上所述，藉由在第7圖a、第7圖b所示的立體倉庫100(構造物)的柱1具備簡單之構造的免震構造5，能夠有效地使因為地震而作用於柱1的荷重得以免震。亦即，藉由設置可任意地設定水平的雙軸方向X、Y的制動荷重之制動機構11，能夠發揮立體倉庫100的水平的雙軸方向X、Y所需求之免震特性來有效地使其免震。 As described above, the column 1 of the three-dimensional warehouse 100 (structure) shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 7b has the earthquake-proof structure 5 having a simple structure, and can effectively act on the column 1 due to an earthquake. The load is shock-free. In other words, by providing the brake mechanism 11 that can arbitrarily set the brake load of the horizontal two-axis directions X and Y, it is possible to effectively exhibit the vibration-proof characteristics required for the horizontal biaxial directions X and Y of the three-dimensional warehouse 100. It is shockproof.
如第2圖a、第2圖b、第2圖c所示，在將彈性體19配置在免震柱10的寬度方向的邊24x與深度方向的邊24y的情況下，由朝水平方向使免震柱10產生變形時的水平剛性來考量，藉由彈性體19之不同的配置會影響賦予水平的雙軸方向X、Y之免震特性。 As shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 2, and FIG. 2C, when the elastic body 19 is disposed on the side 24x in the width direction of the seismic isolation column 10 and the side 24y in the depth direction, the elastic body 19 is placed in the horizontal direction. The horizontal rigidity of the seismic column 10 at the time of deformation is considered, and the different arrangement of the elastic body 19 affects the vibration-proof characteristics of the horizontally-oriented biaxial directions X and Y.
首先，考量藉由第2圖a、第2圖b、第2圖c所示般地進行配置之彈性體賦予免震柱10的水平剛 性。當施加水平的雙軸方向的荷重於免震柱10時，免震柱10係會以其下端的支點E(參照第1圖b)為中心產生傾斜。此時，由於彈性體19會作動來抵抗免震柱10的傾斜，所以會作動復原力來使原先欲傾斜之免震柱10會回復成垂直狀態。 First, consider the horizontal body of the vibration-isolating column 10 which is disposed by the elastic body arranged as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2, and Fig. 2c. Sex. When a horizontal biaxial load is applied to the seismic isolation column 10, the seismic isolation column 10 is tilted about the fulcrum E (see FIG. 1b) at the lower end thereof. At this time, since the elastic body 19 is actuated to resist the inclination of the vibration-isolating column 10, the restoring force is actuated to return the shock-absorbing column 10 which is originally intended to be tilted to the vertical state.
將免震柱10的高度設為h、免震柱的寬度設為B、免震柱的深長設為B'，並且如第2圖d所示，使免震柱10的上端部朝與寬度方向的邊24x呈平行的軸方向X傾斜時的水平剛性khoX係如數學式1所示，其槓桿式彈簧係以長度的平方為比例。 The height of the seismic isolation column 10 is set to h, the width of the seismic isolation column is set to B, the depth of the seismic isolation column is set to B', and the upper end portion of the seismic isolation column 10 is oriented toward the width as shown in FIG. The horizontal rigidity khoX when the direction side 24x is inclined in the parallel axial direction X is as shown in Mathematical Formula 1, and the lever spring is proportional to the square of the length.
L1：彈性體的相互距離 L1: mutual distance of the elastomer
L2：彈性體的設置範圍 L2: setting range of elastomer
ko：彈性常數 Ko: elastic constant
相同的，如第2圖(e)所示，當使免震柱10的上端部朝與深度方向的邊24y呈平行的軸方向Y傾斜時的水平剛性khoY，係如數學式2所示。 Similarly, as shown in FIG. 2(e), the horizontal rigidity khoY when the upper end portion of the seismic isolation column 10 is inclined in the axial direction Y parallel to the side 24y in the depth direction is as shown in Math.
在此，當L1=B/4、L2=B/2時，
因此，第7圖a、第7圖b所示之立體倉庫100中，係將免震構造5的制動荷重或固有周期會變低的方向配置成和欲提高立體倉庫100的免震效果之方向呈一致。亦即，係使第2圖a的設置有彈性體19之寬度方向的邊24x之延伸方向配置成與第7圖b的立體倉庫100中之狹窄寬度W亦即軸方向X呈一致。藉此，能夠提高第7圖b的狹窄寬度W的方向之免震效果。另一方面，在產生較小荷重時不想使免震構造5作動的方向上，只要使其與制動荷重會變大的第2圖a之深度方向的邊24y之延伸方向一致即可。 Therefore, in the three-dimensional warehouse 100 shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the direction in which the brake load or the natural period of the vibration-isolating structure 5 is lowered is arranged to be the direction in which the vibration-proof effect of the three-dimensional warehouse 100 is to be improved. Consistent. In other words, the extending direction of the side 24x in the width direction of the elastic body 19 in Fig. 2a is arranged so as to coincide with the narrow width W, that is, the axial direction X in the three-dimensional warehouse 100 of Fig. 7b. Thereby, the vibration-proof effect in the direction of the narrow width W of FIG. 7b can be improved. On the other hand, in a direction in which the vibration-free structure 5 is not required to be generated when a small load is generated, it is sufficient to match the extending direction of the side 24y in the depth direction of the second drawing a in which the braking load is increased.
如第2圖a、第2圖b、第2圖c所示，藉由在2個柱構件1A、1B與免震柱10之間，於寬度方向的邊24x和深度方向的邊24y配置相異數量的彈性體19，能夠利用簡單之構造來任意地設定水平的雙軸旁向X、Y之制動荷重。 As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2, and Fig. 2c, the phase 24x in the width direction and the side 24y in the depth direction are disposed between the two column members 1A and 1B and the seismic isolation column 10. The different number of elastic bodies 19 can arbitrarily set the horizontal two-axis bypass X and Y brake loads with a simple configuration.
如第1圖a、第1圖b、第4圖a、第4圖b、第4圖c、第4圖d所示，由於止動構件13係設置成從2個柱構件1A、1B突出來圍繞免震柱10的一端10a及另一端10b，所以能夠藉由簡單之構造來形成免震柱10產生傾斜時之支點E。 As shown in FIG. 1 a, FIG. 1 b, FIG. 4 a, FIG. 4 b, FIG. 4 c, and FIG. 4 d, the stopper member 13 is provided to protrude from the two column members 1A and 1B. Since the one end 10a and the other end 10b of the seismic isolation column 10 are surrounded, the fulcrum E when the vibration-isoking column 10 is tilted can be formed by a simple structure.
如第1圖a、第1圖b、第2圖a所示，由於藉由2個柱構件1A、1B的平坦的端面6、7之端緣或免震柱10的平坦的抵接面8、9之端緣形成支點E，所以藉由直線的支點E能夠支撐免震柱10產生傾斜時的較大之荷重。 As shown in Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b, and Fig. 2a, the flat end faces of the flat end faces 6, 7 of the two column members 1A, 1B or the flat abutment faces 8 of the seismic isolation column 10 The end edge of 9 forms a fulcrum E, so that the large fulcrum can be supported by the straight fulcrum E.
如第1圖a、第1圖b、第5圖a、第5圖b所示，由於前述彈性體19係配置成比藉由2個柱構件1A、1B的平坦的端面6、7及前述免震柱10的平坦的抵接面8、9的所形成之支點E更靠內側(免震柱10的軸心側)，所以制動機構11不會朝柱1的外側大範圍地突出，因此能夠完成小型的免震構造5。 As shown in FIG. 1 a, FIG. 1 b, FIG. 5 a and FIG. 5 b, the elastic body 19 is disposed more than the flat end faces 6 and 7 of the two column members 1A and 1B and the aforementioned The fulcrum E formed by the flat abutting faces 8 and 9 of the seismic isolation column 10 is further inside (the axial center side of the seismic isolation column 10), so that the brake mechanism 11 does not protrude widely toward the outer side of the column 1, A compact earthquake-free construction 5 can be completed.
如第5圖a、第5圖b所示，當在2個柱構件1A、1B與免震柱10之間設置相互嵌合的凸狀的止動構件20與凹狀的止動構件21時，能夠藉由簡單之構造防止免 震柱10會朝水平方向對2個柱構件1A、1B進行移動。 As shown in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5b, when the convex stopper member 20 and the concave stopper member 21 which are fitted to each other are provided between the two column members 1A, 1B and the vibration-isolating column 10, Can be prevented by simple construction The seismic column 10 moves the two column members 1A, 1B in the horizontal direction.
第6圖a、第6圖b、第6圖c所示，由於設置有位移限制機構25用以限制因為前述免震柱10產生傾斜而造成之免震柱10與2個柱構件1A、1B之間的位移，所以藉由簡單之構造的位移限制機構25能夠限制免震柱10的傾斜。 As shown in FIG. 6 a, FIG. 6 b, and FIG. 6 c, the displacement limiting mechanism 25 is provided to limit the vibration-isolating column 10 and the two column members 1A, 1B due to the inclination of the shock-absorbing column 10. The displacement between them is such that the tilt of the seismic isolation column 10 can be restricted by the displacement configuration mechanism 25 which is simply constructed.
在水平的雙軸方向具有相異之剛性強度的立體倉庫100中，使藉由配置彈性體19而具有免震構造5之朝水平的雙軸方向的制動荷重較低側，和欲提高立體倉庫100的免震效果之方向呈一致來配置於柱1，所以會具備優異之免震效果並且能夠減低因為地震所造成之使貨物從立體倉庫100的載架落下之問題。 In the three-dimensional warehouse 100 having different rigid strengths in the horizontal biaxial direction, the brake body having the vibration-free structure 5 in the horizontal biaxial direction is provided on the lower side by the arrangement of the elastic body 19, and the three-dimensional warehouse is to be improved. The direction of the vibration-proof effect of 100 is uniformly arranged on the column 1, so that it has an excellent vibration-proof effect and can reduce the problem of causing the cargo to fall from the carrier of the three-dimensional warehouse 100 due to an earthquake.
另外，前述免震構造5係能夠用於立體倉庫100之外的鍋爐鋼架、立體停車場、貨物裝卸設備等的各種構造物的柱。 Further, the above-described seismic isolation structure 5 can be used for columns of various structures such as a boiler steel frame, a three-dimensional parking lot, and a cargo handling facility other than the three-dimensional warehouse 100.
再者，本發明並不僅限定於上述實施例，只要在不脫離本發明的意旨之範圍內當然能夠加以進行各種變更。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
1‧‧‧柱 1‧‧ ‧ column
1A‧‧‧柱構件 1A‧‧‧column components
1B‧‧‧柱構件 1B‧‧‧column components
5‧‧‧免震構造 5‧‧‧ Earthquake-free structure
6‧‧‧端面 6‧‧‧ end face
7‧‧‧端面 7‧‧‧ end face
8‧‧‧抵接面 8‧‧‧Abutment
9‧‧‧抵接面 9‧‧‧Abutment
10‧‧‧免震柱 10‧‧‧ Shock-free column
10a‧‧‧一端 10a‧‧‧End
10b‧‧‧另一端 10b‧‧‧The other end
11‧‧‧制動機構 11‧‧‧ brake mechanism
12‧‧‧按壓凸緣 12‧‧‧ Pressing the flange
13‧‧‧止動構件 13‧‧‧stop members
14‧‧‧間隙 14‧‧‧ gap
16‧‧‧調芯機構 16‧‧‧Coring mechanism
16a‧‧‧凸部 16a‧‧‧ convex
16b‧‧‧凹部 16b‧‧‧ recess
17‧‧‧抵接凸緣 17‧‧‧Abutment flange
18‧‧‧制動附加裝置 18‧‧‧Brake attachment
19‧‧‧彈性體 19‧‧‧ Elastomers
B‧‧‧寬度 B‧‧‧Width
E‧‧‧支點 E‧‧‧ pivot
S1‧‧‧加速度 S1‧‧ acceleration
Claims (7)
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| JP (1) | JP6107955B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105452584B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US11866956B2 (en) | 2017-02-16 | 2024-01-09 | John Damian Allen | Force limiter and energy dissipater |
| US11828083B2 (en) | 2017-02-16 | 2023-11-28 | John Damian Allen | Control structure with rotary force limiter and energy dissipater |
| GB202009430D0 (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-08-05 | Ocado Innovation Ltd | A grid framework structure |
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| JP2676204B2 (en) * | 1987-08-28 | 1997-11-12 | 哲夫 黒岩 | Structural style and related equipment for seismic isolation |
| WO1997006372A1 (en) * | 1995-08-04 | 1997-02-20 | Oiles Corporation | Vibration isolation device |
| JP3910278B2 (en) * | 1997-08-19 | 2007-04-25 | ジー アクソン マイケル | Seismic shock dampening device for road columns |
| JP4617633B2 (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2011-01-26 | オイレス工業株式会社 | Damping structure |
| JP4759855B2 (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2011-08-31 | 株式会社Ｉｈｉ | Horizontal two-axis seismic isolation device for steel structures |
| JP3899354B2 (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2007-03-28 | 株式会社プロロジス | Seismic isolation building |
| WO2009054532A1 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-04-30 | Nippon Steel Engineering Co., Ltd. | Seismic isolation apparatus for structures, method for installing apparatus thereof, and seismic isolation member |
| JP5845707B2 (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2016-01-20 | 村田機械株式会社 | Automatic warehouse rack equipment |
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- 2014-08-18 WO PCT/JP2014/071580 patent/WO2015025821A1/en active Application Filing
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| JPWO2015025821A1 (en) | 2017-03-02 |
| CN105452584B (en) | 2017-07-04 |
| JP6107955B2 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
| CN105452584A (en) | 2016-03-30 |
| WO2015025821A1 (en) | 2015-02-26 |
| TW201529446A (en) | 2015-08-01 |
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