TWI496487B - 提供支援資料之無線傳輸/接收單元 - Google Patents
提供支援資料之無線傳輸/接收單元 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
- H04W48/10—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery using broadcasted information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
- H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
- H04W36/0061—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link of neighbour cell information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
- H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
- H04W36/0072—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link of resource information of target access point
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/08—Access point devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/08—Reselecting an access point
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
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- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
- Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
Description
本發明係相關於無線通信系統,更特別地是,本發明係相關於將支援資料傳遞至無線傳輸/接收單元(WTRUs)。
請參與第1圖,其係顯示一習知的無線通信系統100。該系統100係包括至少一無線傳輸/接收單元(WTRU)102,一存取點104,以及至少一系統控制器106,以用於控制,以及除此之外管理,在該系統100中的通信,而典型地,在無線區域網路(wireless local area network,WLAN)中,該網路係可以如第2圖所示的進行部署。
在第2圖中,該無線網路200係包括一系統控制器206,複數個存取點214、216,以及複數個WRTUs 212、218,而該複數個WTRUs 212、218係分別地在該等存取點214、216之處聚集在一起,這些群組係習慣上稱之為基本服務集合(basic service sets,BSSs)220、222,而複數個BSSs 220、222則典型地經由一分配系統(DS)224而進行連接,其中,複數個BSSs係於習慣上稱之為一延伸服務集合(extended service sets,ESSs)。再者,該等存取點214、216係較佳地透過一網路219而連接至該系統控制器206。
一般而言,支援資料係為提供至相關於一特定存取點之WTRUs的資料、或是在該特定存取點可存取的資料,典型地,支援資料係可以包括相關於與在該特定存取點附近之任何存取點相關的任何型態資訊的任何型態資料(亦即,分別所具有之
涵蓋區域相鄰於該特定存取點之涵蓋區域的存取點),藉由提供關於找尋/辨識鄰近存取點之必要資訊而提供支援資料係會有利於WTRUs之漫遊/交遞(handover)。
舉例而言,支援資料係可以包括關於鄰近存取點之資訊,例如,鄰近WTRUs以及存取點之操作頻率、存取模式(例如,802.11跳頻展頻技術(Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum,FHSS)/直接序列展頻技術(Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum,DSSS),802.11a、802.11b高速直接序列展頻技術(High Rate Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum,HR/DSSS)等),時序、關於鄰近基本服務集合(BSSs)之系統架構資訊(例如,準備發送(ready to send,RTS)/清除發送(clear to send,CTS),集中協調功能(Point Coordination Function,PCF),有線等效保密機制(Wired Equivalent Privacy,WEP)等)。
目前,支援資料係利用點對點(亦即,單點(unicast))信號發送而進行傳輸。在802.xx型態的系統中,舉例而言,該支援資料係以一包含鄰接者資訊之資訊元件(information element,IE)的形式而加以提供,而該IE則是會被併入既存的探索回應(Probe Response)訊框之中,該探索回應訊框係典型地藉由一存取點而加以發送,以於一WTRU試圖發現鄰近BSSs時,作為由該WTRU所發送之一探索要求(Probe Request)管理訊框的一答覆。然而,由於利用點對點信號發送而傳輸支援資料係會造成大量的網路流量,因而也大量地增加了不僅相關於該支援資料之傳輸/接收,亦相關於一般傳輸/接收之重大延遲的可能性,因此,此配置是沒有效率的。
是以,其係需要一種不具有上述限制之將支援資料提供予
WTRUs的方法以及系統。
本發明係為一種用於將支援資料提供至無線傳輸/接收單元(WTRUs)的方法以及系統,該支援資料係包括關於一存取點之鄰近存取點的資訊,並且,該支援資料係利用多重傳送及/或廣播型態之信號發送而進行傳輸,且係有利於WTRUs自一存取點至另一個的漫遊以及交遞。
雖然本發明之特徵以及元件係以特定組合之較佳實施例而進行敘述,但是,每一個特徵以及元件係可以單獨的使用(在不需要該較佳實施例之其他特徵以及元件的情形下),或是在具有或不具有本發明之其他特徵以及元件的各式組合中加以使用。
在此,一無線傳輸/接收單元(WTRU)係包括,但不受限於,一使用者設備,行動站台,固定或行動用戶單元、呼叫器、或能夠在一無線環境中操作之任何型態的裝置,而當於文中提及時,一存取點係包括,但不受限於,一基地台,節點B,位置控制器(site controller),存取點、或在無線環境中任何型態之介面裝置,在文中,該名詞交遞(handover)係指當一WTRU正積極地接收/發送資料時的存取點改變,以及該名詞漫遊(roaming)則表示當一WTRU不處於積極接收/發送資料時的存取點改變,而本發明係可以同樣地應用於兩種方案(scenario),並且,該等名詞交遞以及漫遊係可於文中交換地使用,而兩個名詞係皆一般地指稱隸屬於一第一存取點、或是與該第一存取
點一起操作之一WTRU變為隸屬於一第二存取點,並且與該第一存取點間之隸屬關係最終終止的狀況。
一般而言,在本發明中,存取點係利用AOM、存取點間信號發送、掃瞄、命令WTRUs進行掃瞄、或其結合而獲得支援資料,並且,係將此資訊作為一單一訊息而傳輸至複數個WTRUs,而一旦獲得之後,一存取點係亦可以與其他存取點分享鄰接者資訊,以使得那些存取點亦可以傳輸該資訊至WTRUs。
現在請參閱第3圖,其係顯示一無線通信系統300,而該系統300係包括至少一延伸服務集合(ESS),然而,為了敘述本發明的目的,兩個ESSs 336、338係顯示於第3圖中,該第一ESS 366係依照本發明而加以建構,並且,係包括一系統控制器302,複數個存取點304、306、308,以及複數個WTRUs 310、312、314,當然,該第一ESS 336係可以與一單一的存取點一起架構,而適當的話,在此狀況下,其係被視為一BSS,而該第一ESS 336之總涵蓋區域係以粗黑線加以描繪,並包括涵蓋區域324、326、328。再者,該第二ESS 338係亦包括一系統控制器316,複數個存取點318、320、322,以及複數個WTRUs(未顯示),而該第二ESS 338之總涵蓋區域則係包括涵蓋區域330、332、334。
在本發明中,該第一ESS 336之該等存取點304、306、308的每一個係包括處理器340、342、344,以用於獲得支援資料以及將該支援資料提供至其分別的WTRUs,而該支援之資料係有利於WTRUs之交遞以及漫遊。在此應該要注意的是,在依照本發明之架構僅顯示該第一ESS 336只是單純的為了簡化本發明之敘述,因此,當然,任何數量的存取點,不管其是隸屬於ESS
或是BSS,係皆可依照本發明而進行架構。
該支援資料(亦即,鄰接者列表或鄰接者資訊)係較佳地藉由操作與維護(OAM)、存取點間之專有信號發送(亦即,存取點間信號發送)、對於除了正在掃瞄之該存取點所使用之頻道外的其他頻道的主動/被動掃瞄,及/或來自WTRUs之測量報告。用於獲得鄰接者資訊的方法係會依照所搜尋之鄰近存取點而有所變化。
舉例而言,在第3圖中,當存取點304在搜尋有關在該存取點304之相同ESS 336範圍內之存取點306以及308的資訊時,其係較佳地可以使用存取點間信號發送、及/或OAM,而OAM可為較佳之選擇是因為,舉例而言,存取點304、306、308係分享一共同的系統控制器302,以使得有關存取點304、306、308之鄰接者資訊可以經由在控制器302之OAM而被提供至存取點304。而存取點間信號發送可為較佳之選擇是因為,舉例而言,當存取點304、306、308間之直接連接係為了簡化而加以顯示時,如第2圖所顯示之一分配網路係會典型地被提供於組成一ESS 306之該等存取點304、306、308之間,該分配網路係提供直接的有線連接,而透過該有線連接,該存取點間信號發送係可以有效率地加以執行,而當使用存取點間信號發送時,係可以使用存取點互連協定(Inter-Access Point Protocol,IAPP)。
正如之前所提及的,該存取點304係也有其他的選擇可以獲得來自鄰近存取點306、308的鄰接者資訊,舉例而言,存取點304係可以命令WTRUs 310掃瞄除了存取點304所使用之頻道外的其他頻道,以獲得任何已偵測頻道之鄰接者資訊並回報該資訊,或者,該存取點304係亦可以自己掃瞄其他的頻道,而在該
存取點304進行掃瞄時,如此之掃瞄之完成係可以與該WTRU 310所完成之任何掃瞄無關、或是與其一起完成。在此實施例中,一品質評估(quality metric),例如,所接收之功率,係可以用於該存取點304所獲得之測量相對於該WTRU 310對相同頻道所獲得之測量間的選擇。
在該存取點304獲得關於發生於存取點304之ESS 306外部之一鄰近存取點318的資訊之處,其係可以較佳地經由掃瞄而獲得該資訊,然而,正如先前所討論的,該存取點304係可以自行執行該掃瞄(主動地或是被動地)、或是命令該WTRUs 310執行該掃瞄(主動地或是被動地),並且進行回報,當然,存取點304並不受限於使用掃瞄來獲得有關存取點318之鄰接者資訊,該存取點304係亦可以利用OAM以及存取點間信號發送而獲得有關存取點318之資訊。
存取點304之該處理器340係對了較佳地獲得如上述之該鄰接者資訊而加以架構,當然,如果有需要時,係可以使用多於一個的處理器。處理器340所獲得之該資訊係可以被儲存於記憶體350之中,當有需要時,再者,該存取點304之該(等)處理器340係亦為了提供如下所解釋之該鄰接者資訊而加以架構。
需要注意地是,上述各式的方法,若適當的話,係可以組合地加以使用,舉例而言,當一存取點304於一開始進入線上,以及其不具有透過OAM定義之一鄰接者資訊時,其係可以自行掃瞄周圍事物及/或命令其WTRUs 310中的一些掃瞄相同者,而一旦該存取點304具有此掃瞄的結果,則其係可以使用此資訊來通知在其ESS 336範圍內的其他存取點306、308該發現,而此將可以使得這些存取點306、308所執行的(可能造成一些小量的
流量***的)掃瞄量最小化,此配置係在存取點304自ESS 324外部的一存取點318尋找鄰接者資訊時特別地具有幫助,因為存取點304之OAM資訊同樣地將不會包括ESS 324外部的存取點318、320、322,其亦需要注意地是,在一較佳實施例中,該存取點304係應該在該鄰接者資訊的開始以及發現之後,週期性地進行掃瞄(或要求其WTRUs的其中之一進行掃瞄),以搜尋該鄰接者資訊之狀況是否已經改變。
較佳地是,由存取點304所獲得之該鄰接者資訊係週期性地廣播、或是多重傳送至於存取點304之該涵蓋區域336範圍內操作的WTRUs 310。現在,請參閱第4圖,以WLANs作為一個例子,所有於一特別BSS中操作之存取點以及WTRUs係皆利用一單一頻道(亦即,頻率)而進行傳輸以及接收,正如在第4圖中所示,該存取點係週期性地在其分別的頻道上傳輸一信標402,而該信標402進行傳輸的時間週期係典型地被稱為一信標訊框(beacon frame),典型地,該信標402係大約每100 ms即進行傳輸。雖然有可能,但是典型地,一存取點係不需要將其所獲得之該鄰接者資訊於每一個信標傳輸至其WTRUs,因此,在一較佳實施例中,存取點係加以架構為,會在該等存取點於其間傳輸其信標402之時間週期的一預定倍數傳輸其鄰接者資訊,而該倍數於需要時係可以加以設定,並且,係較佳地為隸屬於其分別存取點之WTRUs之移動率程度的一函數。
舉例而言,在第4圖中,鄰接者資訊406係顯示為藉由在該信標間隔之一特別倍數的一存取點而進行傳輸,而傳輸該鄰接者資訊406的該特別存取點係會與其所隸屬之該等WTRUs一起分享該頻道,因此,在鄰接資訊進行傳輸的一信標間隔中,一
旦該存取點已經完成其信標402的傳輸,則其係會等待一固定量的時間,直到其可以再次獲得對該頻道的存取為止,而此時間量係典型地被稱之為競爭階段(Contention phase)404,這是因為該存取點係會為了存取該頻道而與其分別的WTRUs進行競爭,一旦該存取點係獲得對該頻道的存取時,則其係會將具有關於鄰近存取點之資訊提供於其中的該鄰接者資訊406,如上述所解釋的一樣,傳輸至隸屬於該存取點的WTRUs。
該鄰接者資訊406係作為一(多個)多重傳送訊息,而被傳輸至隸屬於傳輸該鄰接者資訊406之該存取點的WTRUs的一(多個)預定群組,而在另一個實施例中,該鄰接者資訊406係可以被廣播至隸屬於該正在傳輸存取點的所有WTRUs,其需要注意的是,與該等存取點之成果平行、以將鄰接者資訊406提供予它們的該等WTRUs係亦可以使用點對點探索要求,及/或頻道之掃瞄,而該WTRUs係可以執行如此之技術以作為一備份(backup)及/或補數(complement),以自該存取點接收如此之資訊。
較佳地是,該鄰接者資訊係利用一管理型態訊框(management type frame)(亦即,在系統管理資訊在其中進行傳輸的一時間週期期間)而進行傳輸,而在一實施例中,該所使用之管理型態訊框係較佳地相同於當WTRUs利用點對點信號發送而獲得鄰接者資訊時,在習知技術中所使用者,再者,當在一WTRU中所執行之相關程序在接收鄰接者資訊406之後,其係會相同於一點對點訊息之相關程序,除了該WTRU之確認之外。
現在,請參閱第5圖,其係顯示本發明之另一個實施例,而
在此實施例中,該典型的信標信號係利用一額外的位元而進行架構,其中,該額外的位元係會表示鄰接者資訊之存在/缺少。在一規律的信標中進行傳輸的該等信標502係顯示為具有空的信號發送位元506,該等信標502係如正常一樣的於一規律的信標訊框中,藉由根據一預定排程的一存取點而進行傳輸,而該鄰接者資訊進行發送的週期係,如先前所討論的,為該等信標502於其間進行傳輸之時間週期的一預定倍數,再者,當到了該鄰接者資訊藉由一存取點而被傳輸至其分別之WTRUs的時間點時,該鄰接者資訊508係會被增加至該信標502,並且,在一延伸的信標訊框504中與其一起進行傳輸,而在此方案中,該信標502之該信號發送位元506係為實心的(solid),以反應出該位元係加以設定為其係會指示鄰接者資訊508呈現在該延伸信標訊框504之範圍內的事實,在一較佳實施例中,該鄰接者資訊508係會被增加至該信標502以作為一資訊元件(IE)。正如先前所討論的,該鄰接者資訊508係包括幫助WTRUs自一存取點到達一鄰近存取點之有效率交遞的資訊。
很重要的是,本發明係可以在任何型態之無線通信系統中加以執行,舉例而言,本發明係可以於無線區域網路(WLAN)、無線個人區域網路(wireless personal area networks,WPAN)、無線都會網路(wireless metropolitan area networks,WMAN)、或任何型態之無線通信系統/網路中加以執行,再者,雖然本發明之特徵以及元件係以特別之組合而在較佳實施例中進行敘述,但是,每一個特徵或元件係可以單獨的使用,或是在具有或不具有本發明之其他特徵以及元件的各式組合中加以使用。
100‧‧‧無線通信系統
102,212,218,310,312,314‧‧‧無線傳輸/接收單元(WTRU)
104,214,216,304,306,308,318,320,322‧‧‧存取點
106,206,302,316‧‧‧系統控制器
200‧‧‧無線網路
219‧‧‧網路
220,222‧‧‧基本服務集合(BSS)
224‧‧‧分配系統(DS)
300‧‧‧無線通信系統
324,326,328,330,332,334‧‧‧涵蓋區域
336,338‧‧‧延伸服務集合(ESS)
402、502‧‧‧信標
404‧‧‧競爭階段
406‧‧‧鄰接者資訊
504‧‧‧延伸的信標訊框
506‧‧‧信號發送位元
508‧‧‧鄰接者資訊
第1圖:其係顯示一習知無線通信系統之方塊圖;第2圖:其係顯示具有複數個存取點以及複數個WTRUs之一習知方塊圖的方塊圖;第3圖:其係顯示根據本發明之一無線通信系統的方塊圖式;第4圖:其係顯示在一存取點傳輸其信標之時間週期的一預先設定倍數時,鄰接者資訊藉由該存取點而進行傳輸之圖式;以及第5圖:其係顯示在一存取點傳輸其規律信標之時間週期的一預先設定倍數時,鄰接者資訊與一延伸信標形式之信標一起傳輸的圖式。
300‧‧‧無線通信系統
324,326,328,330,332,334‧‧‧涵蓋區域
336,338‧‧‧延伸服務集合(ESS)
Claims (10)
- 一種無線傳輸/接收單元(WTRU),被配置為接收鄰接者存取點(AP)的資訊,該WTRU包括:一接收器,被配置成:從一第一AP接收一指令以執行該鄰接者存取點的一掃描;以及從至少一個鄰接者AP接收一信標,其中該信標包含一指示器,在該信標包括鄰接者AP資訊之一條件時,該指示器指示一第一數值以指示在該信標中鄰接者AP資訊之存在;以及在該信標不包含鄰接者AP資訊之一條件時,該指示器指示一第二數值以指示在該信標中鄰接者AP資訊之缺少,而且其中該鄰接者AP資訊包括一頻道的一指示,而在該頻道上另一AP正在操作;以及一傳送器,被配置成傳送一報告以回應該指令,而該指令係基於來自該至少一個鄰近AP的該已接收的信標。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之WTRU,其中該傳送器被配置成傳送關於第二鄰接者AP資訊至一第二WTRU的一請求,以及其中該接收器更被配置成從該第二WTRU接收鄰接者AP資訊以回應該請求。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之WTRU,其中該傳送器被配置成傳送關於第二鄰接者資訊至一存取點(AP)的一請求,以及其中該接收器更被配置成接收鄰接者AP資訊以回應該請 求。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之WTRU,其中該掃描係一主動掃描。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之WTRU,其中該掃描係一被動掃描。
- 一種用於一無線傳輸/接收單元(WTRU)的方法,該方法包括:從一第一存取點(AP)接收一指令以執行關於鄰近AP的一掃描;從至少一個鄰近AP接收一信標,其中該信標包括一指示器,在該信標包括鄰接者AP資訊之一條件時,該指示器指示一第一數值以指示在該信標中鄰接者AP資訊之存在;以及在該信標不包含鄰接者AP資訊之一條件時,該指示器指示一第二數值以指示在該信標中鄰接者AP資訊之缺少,而且其中該鄰接者AP資訊包括一頻道的一指示,而在該頻道上另一AP正在操作;以及傳送一報告以回應該指令,而該指令係基於來自該至少一個鄰近AP的該已接收的信標。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項之方法,更包括:傳送一關於一第二鄰接者AP資訊至一第二WTRU的請求;以及從該第二WTRU接收鄰接者AP資訊以回應該請求。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之方法,其中該第二WTRU係一存取 點(AP)。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項之方法,其中該掃描係一主動掃描。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項之方法,其中該掃描係一被動掃描。
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