TWI465120B - Thermal acoustic device and electric device - Google Patents

Description

熱致發聲裝置及電子裝置 Thermal sounding device and electronic device

本發明涉及一種熱致發聲裝置，尤其涉及一種基於石墨烯的熱致發聲裝置及應用該熱致發聲裝置的電子裝置。 The present invention relates to a thermo-acoustic device, and more particularly to a graphene-based thermo-acoustic device and an electronic device using the same.

熱致發聲裝置一般由信號輸入裝置和發聲元件組成，通過信號輸入裝置輸入信號到該發聲元件，進而發出聲音。熱致發聲裝置為發聲裝置中的一種，其為基於熱聲效應的一種熱致發聲裝置，請參見文獻“The Thermophone”,EDWARD C.WENTE,Vol.XIX，No.4，p333-345及“On Some Thermal Effects of Electric Currents”,William Henry Preece,Proceedings of the Royal Society of London,Vol.30,p408-411(1879-1881)。其揭示一種熱致發聲裝置，該熱致發聲裝置通過向一導體中通入交流電來實現發聲。該導體具有較小的熱容(Heat capacity)，較薄的厚度，且可將其內部產生的熱量迅速傳導給周圍氣體介質的特點。當交流電通過導體時，隨交流電電流強度的變化，導體迅速升降溫，而和周圍氣體介質迅速發生熱交換，促使周圍氣體介質分子運動，氣體介質密度隨之發生變化，進而發出聲波。 A thermoacoustic device is generally composed of a signal input device and a sounding element, and a signal is input to the sounding element through a signal input device to emit a sound. The thermoacoustic device is one of the sounding devices, which is a thermoacoustic device based on the thermoacoustic effect, see the document "The Thermophone", EDWARD C. WENTE, Vol. XIX, No. 4, p333-345 and " On Some Thermal Effects of Electric Currents", William Henry Preece, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Vol. 30, p408-411 (1879-1881). It discloses a thermo-acoustic device that achieves vocalization by introducing alternating current into a conductor. The conductor has a small heat capacity, a thin thickness, and the ability to rapidly transfer heat generated inside it to the surrounding gaseous medium. When the alternating current passes through the conductor, the conductor rapidly rises and falls with the change of the alternating current intensity, and rapidly exchanges heat with the surrounding gaseous medium, causing the surrounding gas medium molecules to move, and the density of the gas medium changes accordingly, thereby generating sound waves.

另外，H.D.Arnold和I.B.Crandall在文獻“The thermophone as a precision source of sound”,Phys.Rev.10,p22-38(1917)中揭示了一種簡單的熱致發聲裝置，其採用一鉑片作熱致 發聲元件。受材料本身的限制，採用該鉑片作熱致發聲元件的熱致發聲裝置，其所產生的發聲頻率最高僅可達4千赫茲，且發聲效率較低。 In addition, HDArnold and IBCrandall disclose a simple thermoacoustic device in the literature "The thermophone as a precision source of sound", Phys. Rev. 10, p22-38 (1917), which uses a platinum sheet for heat. To Sounding component. Limited by the material itself, the platinum-based thermo-acoustic device is used as a thermo-acoustic device, and the vocalization frequency is up to 4 kHz, and the vocal efficiency is low.

有鑒於此，確有必要提供一種發聲頻率高且發聲效果好的熱致發聲裝置。 In view of this, it is indeed necessary to provide a thermoacoustic device having a high sounding frequency and good sounding effect.

一種熱致發聲裝置，其包括一基底，其中，該熱致發聲裝置進一步包括至少一致熱裝置及複數個熱致發聲元件，該複數個熱致發聲元件分別設置於基底上，致熱裝置用於向該熱致發聲元件提供能量使該熱致發聲元件產生熱量，所述熱致發聲元件包括一複合膜，該複合膜包括相互層疊設置的至少一奈米碳管層和至少一石墨烯膜。 A thermo-acoustic device comprising a substrate, wherein the thermo-acoustic device further comprises at least a uniform thermal device and a plurality of thermo-acoustic elements, the plurality of thermo-acoustic elements being respectively disposed on a substrate, the heating device being used Providing energy to the thermo-acoustic element causes the thermo-acoustic element to generate heat, the thermo-acoustic element comprising a composite film comprising at least one carbon nanotube layer and at least one graphene film laminated to each other.

與先前技術相比較，本技術方案所提供的熱致發聲裝置具有以下優點：其一，由於所述熱致發聲裝置中的熱致發聲元件包括一由奈米碳管層和石墨烯膜組成的複合膜，無需磁鐵等其他複雜結構，故該熱致發聲裝置的結構較為簡單，有利於降低該熱致發聲裝置的成本。其二，由於複合膜的厚度較薄，熱容較低，因此，其發聲頻率較高且具有較高的發聲效率。 Compared with the prior art, the thermo-acoustic device provided by the technical solution has the following advantages: First, since the thermo-acoustic element in the thermo-acoustic device comprises a composite composed of a carbon nanotube layer and a graphene film. The film does not require other complicated structures such as magnets, so the structure of the thermo-acoustic device is relatively simple, which is advantageous for reducing the cost of the thermo-acoustic device. Second, since the thickness of the composite film is thin and the heat capacity is low, the sound frequency is high and the sound efficiency is high.

10；20；30；40；50；60；70；80；90；100‧‧‧熱致發聲裝置 10;20;30;40;50;60;70;80;90;100‧‧‧Thermal sounding device

102‧‧‧熱致發聲元件 102‧‧‧Hot-induced sounding components

104；1004‧‧‧致熱裝置 104;1004‧‧‧heating device

104a‧‧‧第一電極 104a‧‧‧first electrode

104b‧‧‧第二電極 104b‧‧‧second electrode

208；308；408；508；608；908‧‧‧基底 208; 308; 408; 508; 608; 908 ‧ ‧ base

208a‧‧‧通孔 208a‧‧‧through hole

308a‧‧‧盲槽 308a‧‧ ‧ blind slot

308b‧‧‧表面 308b‧‧‧ surface

408a‧‧‧第一線狀結構 408a‧‧‧First linear structure

408b‧‧‧第二線狀結構 408b‧‧‧Second linear structure

408c‧‧‧網孔 408c‧‧‧ mesh

601‧‧‧間隙 601‧‧‧ gap

610‧‧‧第一電極引線 610‧‧‧First electrode lead

612‧‧‧第二電極引線 612‧‧‧Second electrode lead

714‧‧‧間隔元件 714‧‧‧ spacer elements

802a‧‧‧第一熱致發聲元件 802a‧‧‧First Thermal Initiating Element

802b‧‧‧第二熱致發聲元件 802b‧‧‧second thermo-acoustic component

804‧‧‧第一致熱裝置 804‧‧‧First heat generating device

806‧‧‧第二致熱裝置 806‧‧‧Second heating device

808a‧‧‧第一表面 808a‧‧‧ first surface

808b‧‧‧第二表面 808b‧‧‧ second surface

1020‧‧‧電磁波信號 1020‧‧‧Electromagnetic signal

圖1係本發明第一實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置的俯視示意圖。 1 is a top plan view of a thermo-acoustic device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

圖2係沿圖1中II-II線剖開的剖面示意圖。 Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of Figure 1.

圖3係本發明第一實施例熱致發聲裝置所採用的奈米碳管拉膜的掃描電鏡照片。 Fig. 3 is a scanning electron micrograph of a carbon nanotube film taken by a thermoacoustic device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

圖4係本發明第一實施例熱致發聲裝置所採用的奈米碳管絮化膜的掃描電鏡照片。 Fig. 4 is a scanning electron micrograph of a carbon nanotube flocculation film used in the thermoacoustic device of the first embodiment of the present invention.

圖5係本發明第一實施例熱致發聲裝置所採用的奈米碳管碾壓膜的掃描電鏡照片。 Fig. 5 is a scanning electron micrograph of a carbon nanotube rolled film used in the thermoacoustic device of the first embodiment of the present invention.

圖6係本發明第一實施例熱致發聲裝置所採用的複合膜的掃描電鏡照片。 Fig. 6 is a scanning electron micrograph of a composite film used in the thermoacoustic device of the first embodiment of the present invention.

圖7係本發明圖6中熱致發聲元件透明度的測試曲線圖。 Figure 7 is a graph showing the test of the transparency of the thermoacoustic element of Figure 6 of the present invention.

圖8係本發明第二實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置的俯視示意圖。 FIG. 8 is a schematic top plan view of a thermo-acoustic device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

圖9係沿圖8中IX-IX線剖開的剖面示意圖。 Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX of Figure 8.

圖10係本發明第三實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置的俯視示意圖。 Figure 10 is a top plan view of a thermo-acoustic device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

圖11係第三實施例中一種情況下沿圖10中XI-XI線剖開的剖面示意圖。 Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI of Figure 10 in a case of the third embodiment.

圖12為第三實施例中另一種情況下沿圖10中XI-XI線剖開的剖面示意圖。 Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI of Figure 10 in another case of the third embodiment.

圖13係本發明第四實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置的俯視示意圖。 Figure 13 is a top plan view of a thermo-acoustic device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

圖14係沿圖13中XIV-XIV線剖開的剖面示意圖。 Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIV-XIV of Figure 13;

圖15係本發明第四實施例熱致發聲裝置所採用的非扭轉的奈米碳管線狀結構的掃描電鏡照片。 Figure 15 is a scanning electron micrograph of a non-twisted nanocarbon line-like structure employed in the thermoacoustic device of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

圖16係本發明第四實施例熱致發聲裝置所採用的扭轉的奈米碳管線狀結構的掃描電鏡照片。 Figure 16 is a scanning electron micrograph of a twisted nanocarbon line-like structure employed in the thermoacoustic device of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

圖17係本發明第五實施例提供的採用表面塗有絕緣層的奈米碳管 層作為基底的熱致發聲裝置的側視剖面示意圖。 Figure 17 is a view showing a carbon nanotube coated with an insulating layer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. A side cross-sectional view of a thermoacoustic device with a layer as a substrate.

圖18係本發明第六實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置的俯視示意圖。 Figure 18 is a top plan view of a thermo-acoustic device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

圖19係沿圖18中XIX-XIX線剖開的剖面示意圖。 Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIX-XIX of Figure 18.

圖20係本發明第七實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置的俯視示意圖。 Figure 20 is a top plan view of a thermo-acoustic device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

圖21係沿圖20中XXI-XXI線剖開的剖面示意圖。 Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXI-XXI of Figure 20.

圖22係本發明第八實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置的側視剖面示意圖。 Figure 22 is a side cross-sectional view showing a thermoacoustic device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

圖23係本發明第九實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置的側視剖面示意圖。 Figure 23 is a side cross-sectional view showing a thermoacoustic device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

圖24為本發明第十實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置的側視示意圖。 Figure 24 is a side elevational view of a thermoacoustic device according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

以下將結合附圖詳細說明本發明實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置。以下各實施例中將相同的元部件使用相同的標號表示。本發明實施例中所涉及的示意圖係為了使本實施例得到更好的說明，對實施例本身並沒有限制作用。 Hereinafter, a thermo-acoustic sounding device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same components are denoted by the same reference numerals in the following embodiments. The schematic diagrams involved in the embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the embodiments in order to better illustrate the embodiments.

請參閱圖1及圖2，本發明第一實施例提供一種熱致發聲裝置10，該熱致發聲裝置10包括一熱致發聲元件102及一致熱裝置104。 Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a thermo-acoustic device 10 that includes a thermo-acoustic component 102 and a uniform thermal device 104.

所述致熱裝置104用於向熱致發聲元件102提供能量，使熱致發聲元件102產生熱量，發出聲音。本實施例中，致熱裝置104向熱致發聲元件提供電能，使熱致發聲元件102在焦耳熱的作用下產生熱量。該致熱裝置104包括一第一電極104a及一第二電極104b。所述第一電極104a和第二電極104b分別與該熱致發聲元件102電 連接。本實施例中，第一電極104a和第二電極104b分別設置於熱致發聲元件102的表面，並與該熱致發聲元件102的兩個相對的邊齊平。 The heating device 104 is used to provide energy to the thermally-induced sounding element 102, causing the thermally-induced sounding element 102 to generate heat and emit sound. In this embodiment, the heating device 104 provides electrical energy to the thermally-sounding element to cause the thermo-acoustic element 102 to generate heat under the action of Joule heat. The heating device 104 includes a first electrode 104a and a second electrode 104b. The first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b are electrically connected to the thermo-acoustic element 102, respectively connection. In this embodiment, the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b are respectively disposed on the surface of the thermoacoustic element 102 and are flush with the opposite sides of the thermoacoustic element 102.

本實施例中，該致熱裝置104中的第一電極104a和第二電極104b用於向熱致發聲元件102提供電信號，使該熱致發聲元件102產生焦耳熱，溫度升高，從而發出聲音。所述第一電極104a與第二電極104b可為層狀(絲狀或帶狀)、棒狀、條狀、塊狀或其他形狀，其橫截面的形狀可為圓型、方型、梯形、三角形、多邊形或其他不規則形狀。該第一電極104a與第二電極104b可通過黏結劑黏結的方式固定於熱致發聲元件102的表面。而為防止熱致發聲元件102的熱量被第一電極104a與第二電極104b過多吸收而影響發聲效果，該第一電極104a及第二電極104b與熱致發聲元件102的接觸面積較小為好，因此，該第一電極104a和第二電極104b的形狀優選為絲狀或帶狀。該第一電極104a與第二電極104b材料可選擇為金屬、導電膠、導電漿料、銦錫氧化物(ITO)、奈米碳管或碳纖維等。 In this embodiment, the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b in the heating device 104 are used to provide an electrical signal to the thermo-acoustic element 102, causing the thermo-acoustic element 102 to generate Joule heat, and the temperature is raised to emit sound. The first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b may be in the form of a layer (filament or strip), a rod, a strip, a block or other shapes, and the cross section may have a circular shape, a square shape, a trapezoidal shape, or the like. Triangle, polygon, or other irregular shape. The first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b may be fixed to the surface of the thermoacoustic element 102 by adhesion of a bonding agent. In order to prevent the heat of the thermo-acoustic element 102 from being excessively absorbed by the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b, the contact area of the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b with the thermo-acoustic element 102 is small. Therefore, the shape of the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b is preferably a filament shape or a ribbon shape. The material of the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b may be selected from a metal, a conductive paste, a conductive paste, indium tin oxide (ITO), a carbon nanotube or a carbon fiber.

當第一電極104a和第二電極104b具有一定強度時，第一電極104a和第二電極104b可以起到支撐該熱致發聲元件102的作用。如將第一電極104a和第二電極104b的兩端分別固定在一個框架上，熱致發聲元件102設置在第一電極104a和第二電極104b上，通過第一電極104a和第二電極104b懸空設置。 When the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b have a certain intensity, the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b may function to support the thermo-acoustic element 102. If the two ends of the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b are respectively fixed on one frame, the thermo-acoustic element 102 is disposed on the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b, and is suspended by the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b. Settings.

本實施例中，第一電極104a與第二電極104b係利用銀漿通過印刷方式如絲網印刷形成於熱致發聲元件102上的絲狀銀電極。 In the present embodiment, the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b are formed of a filament-like silver electrode formed on the thermoacoustic element 102 by a printing method such as screen printing.

該熱致發聲裝置10進一步包括一第一電極引線(圖未示)及一第 二電極引線(圖未示)，該第一電極引線與第二電極引線分別與熱致發聲裝置10中的第一電極104a和第二電極104b電連接，使該第一電極104a1與該第一電極引線電連接，使該第二電極104b與該第二電極引線電連接。所述熱致發聲裝置10通過該第一電極引線和第二電極引線與外部電路電連接。 The thermoacoustic device 10 further includes a first electrode lead (not shown) and a first a second electrode lead (not shown), the first electrode lead and the second electrode lead are electrically connected to the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b in the thermo-acoustic device 10, respectively, such that the first electrode 104a1 and the first electrode The electrode lead is electrically connected such that the second electrode 104b is electrically connected to the second electrode lead. The thermoacoustic device 10 is electrically connected to an external circuit through the first electrode lead and the second electrode lead.

所述熱致發聲元件102包括一複合膜，該複合膜包括至少一奈米碳管層及至少一石墨烯膜。所述至少一奈米碳管層和至少一石墨烯膜相互層疊設置，即該至少一石墨烯膜設置於該至少一奈米碳管層的表面。石墨烯膜和奈米碳管層可以相互重疊設置，即，當石墨烯膜的面積較小時，石墨烯膜完全附著於奈米碳管層的表面；當奈米碳管層的面積較小時，奈米碳管層可以完全附著於石墨烯膜的表面。當該複合膜包括多層奈米碳管層和多層石墨烯膜時，該多層奈米碳管層和該多層石墨烯膜交替層疊設置。所述複合膜的厚度為10奈米至1毫米。所述複合膜的長度和寬度不限，可以根據熱致發聲裝置10的要求進行裁剪。 The thermoacoustic element 102 includes a composite membrane comprising at least one carbon nanotube layer and at least one graphene film. The at least one carbon nanotube layer and the at least one graphene film are stacked on each other, that is, the at least one graphene film is disposed on a surface of the at least one carbon nanotube layer. The graphene film and the carbon nanotube layer may be disposed to overlap each other, that is, when the area of the graphene film is small, the graphene film completely adheres to the surface of the carbon nanotube layer; when the area of the carbon nanotube layer is small At the time, the carbon nanotube layer can completely adhere to the surface of the graphene film. When the composite film includes a multilayered carbon nanotube layer and a multilayer graphene film, the multilayered carbon nanotube layer and the multilayer graphene film are alternately stacked. The composite film has a thickness of 10 nm to 1 mm. The length and width of the composite film are not limited and can be tailored according to the requirements of the thermoacoustic device 10.

所述石墨烯膜為一個二維結構的具有一定面積的膜結構。該石墨烯膜的厚度為0.34奈米至10奈米。該石墨烯膜包括至少一層石墨烯。當石墨烯膜包括多層石墨烯時，該多層石墨烯可以相互搭接形成石墨烯膜，以使石墨烯膜具有更大的面積；或者該多層石墨烯可以相互疊加形成石墨烯膜，以使石墨烯膜的厚度增加。優選地，該石墨烯膜為一單層石墨烯。所述石墨烯為由複數個碳原子通過sp2鍵雜化構成的單層的二維平面結構。該石墨烯的厚度可以為單層碳原子的厚度。石墨烯膜具有較高的透光性，單層的石墨烯的透光率可以達到97.7%。由於石墨烯膜的厚度非常薄，因 此具有較低的熱容，其熱容可以小於2×10^-3焦耳每平方厘米開爾文，單層石墨烯的熱容可以小於5.57×10^-4焦耳每平方厘米開爾文。所述石墨烯膜為一自支撐結構，所述自支撐為石墨烯膜不需要大面積的載體支撐，而只要相對兩邊提供支撐力即能整體上懸空而保持自身膜狀狀態，即將該石墨烯膜置於(或固定於)間隔一固定距離設置的兩個支撐體上時，位於兩個支撐體之間的石墨烯膜能夠懸空保持自身膜狀狀態。實驗表明，石墨烯並非一個百分之百的光潔平整的二維膜，而係有大量的微觀起伏在單層石墨烯的表面上，單層石墨烯正係借助這種方式來維持自身的自支撐性及穩定性。 The graphene film is a two-dimensional structure having a certain area of a film structure. The graphene film has a thickness of from 0.34 nm to 10 nm. The graphene film includes at least one layer of graphene. When the graphene film includes a plurality of graphenes, the multi-layer graphene may overlap each other to form a graphene film to have a larger area of the graphene film; or the multi-layer graphene may be superposed on each other to form a graphene film to make graphite The thickness of the olefin film is increased. Preferably, the graphene film is a single layer of graphene. The graphene is a single-layer two-dimensional planar structure composed of a plurality of carbon atoms by sp2 bond hybridization. The thickness of the graphene may be the thickness of a single layer of carbon atoms. The graphene film has high light transmittance, and the transmittance of the single layer of graphene can reach 97.7%. Since the thickness of the graphene film is very thin, it has a low heat capacity, and its heat capacity can be less than 2 × 10 ^-3 joules per square centimeter Kelvin, and the heat capacity of the single-layer graphene can be less than 5.57 × 10 ^-4 joules per square Cm Kelvin. The graphene film is a self-supporting structure, and the self-supporting graphene film does not require a large-area carrier support, and as long as the supporting force is provided on opposite sides, the whole film can be suspended to maintain the self-film state, that is, the graphene. When the film is placed (or fixed) on two supports disposed at a fixed distance apart, the graphene film located between the two supports can be suspended to maintain its own film state. Experiments show that graphene is not a 100% smooth and flat two-dimensional film, but a large number of microscopic undulations on the surface of single-layer graphene. This way, single-layer graphene is used to maintain its self-supporting properties. stability.

所述奈米碳管層包括複數個均勻分佈的奈米碳管。該奈米碳管可以為單壁奈米碳管、雙壁奈米碳管、多壁奈米碳管中的一種或幾種。所述奈米碳管層中的奈米碳管之間可以通過凡得瓦力緊密結合。奈米碳管層為一自支撐的結構。該奈米碳管層中的奈米碳管為無序或有序排列。這裏的無序排列指奈米碳管的排列方向無規律，這裏的有序排列指至少多數奈米碳管的排列方向具有一定規律。具體地，當奈米碳管層包括無序排列的奈米碳管時，奈米碳管可以相互纏繞或者各向同性排列；當奈米碳管層包括有序排列的奈米碳管時，奈米碳管沿一個方向或者複數個方向擇優取向排列。該奈米碳管層的厚度不限，可以為0.5奈米~1厘米，優選地，該奈米碳管層的厚度可以為100微米~0.5毫米。該奈米碳管層進一步包括複數個微孔，該微孔由奈米碳管之間的間隙形成。所述奈米碳管層中的微孔的孔徑可以小於等於50微米。所述奈米碳管層狀結構的單位面積熱容小於2×10^-4焦耳每平方厘米開爾文。優選地，所述奈米碳管層狀結構的單位面積熱容可以小於等於 1.7×10^-6焦耳每平方厘米開爾文。所述奈米碳管層可包括至少一層奈米碳管拉膜、奈米碳管絮化膜或奈米碳管碾壓膜。 The carbon nanotube layer includes a plurality of uniformly distributed carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotubes may be one or more of a single-walled carbon nanotube, a double-walled carbon nanotube, and a multi-walled carbon nanotube. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube layer can be tightly bonded by van der Waals force. The carbon nanotube layer is a self-supporting structure. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube layer are disordered or ordered. The disordered arrangement here means that the arrangement direction of the carbon nanotubes is irregular, and the ordered arrangement here means that at least most of the arrangement of the carbon nanotubes has a certain regularity. Specifically, when the carbon nanotube layer includes a disordered arrangement of carbon nanotubes, the carbon nanotubes may be entangled or isotropically arranged; when the carbon nanotube layer comprises an ordered arrangement of carbon nanotubes, The carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation in one direction or in a plurality of directions. The thickness of the carbon nanotube layer is not limited and may be from 0.5 nm to 1 cm. Preferably, the carbon nanotube layer may have a thickness of from 100 μm to 0.5 mm. The carbon nanotube layer further includes a plurality of micropores formed by a gap between the carbon nanotubes. The pores in the carbon nanotube layer may have a pore diameter of 50 μm or less. The carbon nanotube layered structure has a heat capacity per unit area of less than 2 x 10 ^-4 joules per square centimeter Kelvin. Preferably, the carbon nanotube layer structure has a heat capacity per unit area of 1.7×10 ^-6 joules per square centimeter Kelvin. The carbon nanotube layer may include at least one layer of carbon nanotube film, a carbon nanotube film or a carbon nanotube film.

請參閱圖3，該奈米碳管拉膜包括複數個通過凡得瓦力相互連接的奈米碳管。所述複數個奈米碳管基本沿同一方向擇優取向排列。所述擇優取向係指在奈米碳管拉膜中大多數奈米碳管的整體延伸方向基本朝同一方向。而且，所述大多數奈米碳管的整體延伸方向基本平行於奈米碳管拉膜的表面。進一步地，所述奈米碳管拉膜中多數奈米碳管係通過凡得瓦力首尾相連。具體地，所述奈米碳管拉膜中基本朝同一方向延伸的大多數奈米碳管中每一奈米碳管與在延伸方向上相鄰的奈米碳管通過凡得瓦力首尾相連。當然，所述奈米碳管拉膜中存在少數隨機排列的奈米碳管，這些奈米碳管不會對奈米碳管拉膜中大多數奈米碳管的整體取向排列構成明顯影響。所述奈米碳管拉膜為一自支撐的膜。所述自支撐為奈米碳管拉膜不需要大面積的載體支撐，而只要相對兩邊提供支撐力即能整體上懸空而保持自身膜狀狀態，即將該奈米碳管拉膜置於(或固定於)間隔一固定距離設置的兩個支撐體上時，位於兩個支撐體之間的奈米碳管拉膜能夠懸空保持自身膜狀狀態。所述自支撐主要通過奈米碳管拉膜中存在連續的通過凡得瓦力首尾相連延伸排列的奈米碳管而實現。 Referring to FIG. 3, the carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of carbon nanotubes connected to each other by van der Waals force. The plurality of carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation along substantially the same direction. The preferred orientation means that the overall extension direction of most of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film is substantially in the same direction. Moreover, the overall extension direction of the majority of the carbon nanotubes is substantially parallel to the surface of the carbon nanotube film. Further, most of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film are connected end to end by van der Waals force. Specifically, each of the carbon nanotubes of the majority of the carbon nanotubes extending in the same direction in the carbon nanotube film is connected end to end with the carbon nanotubes adjacent in the extending direction by van der Waals force . Of course, there are a small number of randomly arranged carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film, and these carbon nanotubes do not significantly affect the overall orientation of most of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film. The carbon nanotube film is a self-supporting film. The self-supporting carbon nanotube film does not require a large-area carrier support, and as long as the support force is provided on both sides, it can be suspended in the whole to maintain its own film state, that is, the carbon nanotube film is placed (or When fixed on two supports arranged at a fixed distance, the carbon nanotube film located between the two supports can be suspended to maintain its own film state. The self-supporting is mainly achieved by the presence of continuous carbon nanotubes extending through the end-to-end extension of the van der Waals force in the carbon nanotube film.

所述奈米碳管拉膜的厚度可以為0.5奈米~100微米，寬度與長度不限，根據第二基體108的大小設定。所述奈米碳管拉膜的具體結構及其製備方法請參見范守善等人於民國96年2月12日申請的，於民國99年7月11日公告的第I327177號中國民國公告專利。為節省篇幅，僅引用於此，但所述申請所有技術揭露也應視為本發 明申請技術揭露的一部分。 The carbon nanotube film may have a thickness of 0.5 nm to 100 μm, and the width and the length are not limited, and are set according to the size of the second substrate 108. The specific structure of the carbon nanotube film and its preparation method can be found in Fan Shoushan et al., which was filed on February 12, 1996. The Republic of China announced the patent No. I327177 announced on July 11, 1999. In order to save space, only this is cited, but all technical disclosures of the application should also be considered as this issue. Part of the disclosure of the application technology.

當奈米碳管層包括多層奈米碳管拉膜時，相鄰兩層奈米碳管拉膜中的奈米碳管的延伸方向之間形成的交叉角度不限。 When the carbon nanotube layer comprises a multi-layered carbon nanotube film, the angle of intersection formed between the extending directions of the carbon nanotubes in the adjacent two layers of carbon nanotube film is not limited.

請參見圖4，所述奈米碳管絮化膜為通過一絮化方法形成的奈米碳管膜。該奈米碳管絮化膜包括相互纏繞且均勻分佈的奈米碳管。所述奈米碳管之間通過凡得瓦力相互吸引、纏繞，形成網路狀結構。所述奈米碳管絮化膜各向同性。所述奈米碳管絮化膜的長度和寬度不限。由於在奈米碳管絮化膜中，奈米碳管相互纏繞，因此該奈米碳管絮化膜具有很好的柔韌性，且為一自支撐結構，可以彎曲折疊成任意形狀而不破裂。所述奈米碳管絮化膜的面積及厚度均不限，厚度為1微米~1毫米。所述奈米碳管絮化膜及其製備方法請參見范守善等人於民國96年5月11日申請的，於民國97年11月16日公開的第200844041號台灣公開專利申請“奈米碳管薄膜的製備方法”。為節省篇幅，僅引用於此，但上述申請所有技術揭露也應視為本發明申請技術揭露的一部分。 Referring to FIG. 4, the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane is a carbon nanotube membrane formed by a flocculation method. The carbon nanotube flocculation membrane comprises carbon nanotubes which are intertwined and uniformly distributed. The carbon nanotubes are attracted and entangled with each other by van der Waals force to form a network structure. The carbon nanotube flocculation membrane is isotropic. The length and width of the carbon nanotube film are not limited. Since the carbon nanotubes are intertwined in the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane, the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane has good flexibility and is a self-supporting structure, which can be bent and folded into any shape without breaking. . The area and thickness of the carbon nanotube film are not limited, and the thickness is 1 micrometer to 1 millimeter. For the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane and the preparation method thereof, please refer to the patent application "Nano Carbon" of the No. 200844041 published by Fan Shoushan et al. on May 11, 1996 in the Republic of China on November 16, 1997. Method for preparing tube film". In order to save space, only the above is cited, but all the technical disclosures of the above application are also considered as part of the technical disclosure of the present application.

請參見圖5，所述奈米碳管碾壓膜包括均勻分佈的奈米碳管，奈米碳管沿同一方向或不同方向擇優取向排列。奈米碳管也可以係各向同性的。所述奈米碳管碾壓膜中的奈米碳管相互部分交疊，並通過凡得瓦力相互吸引，緊密結合。所述奈米碳管碾壓膜中的奈米碳管與形成奈米碳管陣列的生長基底的表面形成一夾角β，其中，β大於等於0度且小於等於15度。依據碾壓的方式不同，該奈米碳管碾壓膜中的奈米碳管具有不同的排列形式。當沿同一方向碾壓時，奈米碳管沿一固定方向擇優取向排列。可以理解，當沿不同方向碾壓時，奈米碳管可沿複數個方向擇優取向排列。 該奈米碳管碾壓膜厚度不限，優選為為1微米~1毫米。該奈米碳管碾壓膜的面積不限，由碾壓出膜的奈米碳管陣列的大小決定。當奈米碳管陣列的尺寸較大時，可以碾壓制得較大面積的奈米碳管碾壓膜。所述奈米碳管碾壓膜及其製備方法請參見范守善等人於民國96年6月29日申請的，於民國99年12月21日公告的第I334851號台灣公告專利“奈米碳管薄膜的製備方法”。為節省篇幅，僅引用於此，但上述申請所有技術揭露也應視為本發明申請技術揭露的一部分。 Referring to FIG. 5, the carbon nanotube rolled film comprises uniformly distributed carbon nanotubes, and the carbon nanotubes are arranged in the same direction or in different directions. The carbon nanotubes can also be isotropic. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film partially overlap each other and are attracted to each other by van der Waals force and tightly combined. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film form an angle β with the surface of the growth substrate forming the carbon nanotube array, wherein β is greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 15 degrees. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film have different arrangements depending on the manner of rolling. When rolled in the same direction, the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation along a fixed direction. It can be understood that when crushed in different directions, the carbon nanotubes can be arranged in a preferred orientation in a plurality of directions. The thickness of the carbon nanotube rolled film is not limited, and is preferably from 1 μm to 1 mm. The area of the carbon nanotube rolled film is not limited, and is determined by the size of the carbon nanotube array that is rolled out of the film. When the size of the carbon nanotube array is large, a large area of the carbon nanotube rolled film can be crushed. The carbon nanotube rolling film and the preparation method thereof are described in Fan Shoushan et al., which was filed on June 29, 1996, and the No. I334851 announced on December 21, 1999 in Taiwan, the Taiwanese patent "nano carbon tube" Method for preparing a film". In order to save space, only the above is cited, but all the technical disclosures of the above application are also considered as part of the technical disclosure of the present application.

本實施例中，所述複合膜包括兩層相互交叉設置的奈米碳管拉膜及一石墨烯膜，該石墨烯膜包括兩層石墨烯相互重疊設置，該兩層相互交叉的奈米碳管拉膜設置於石墨烯膜的表面。圖6為本實施例中的複合膜的掃描電鏡照片，下面裂開的膜為石墨烯膜，上面為奈米碳管拉膜中的奈米碳管。圖7為本實施例中複合膜的透光度測試曲線圖。從圖7中可以看出，本實施例所提供的複合膜的透光度可以達到60%以上，因此，當採用複合膜作為熱致發聲元件102時，可以得到透明發聲裝置。本實施例中的複合膜的電阻為500歐姆，具有良好的導電性。 In this embodiment, the composite film comprises two layers of carbon nanotube film and a graphene film which are arranged to intersect each other, and the graphene film comprises two layers of graphene which are arranged to overlap each other, and the two layers of carbon carbon intersecting each other The tube pull film is disposed on the surface of the graphene film. Fig. 6 is a scanning electron micrograph of the composite film in the present embodiment. The cracked film below is a graphene film, and the upper surface is a carbon nanotube in a carbon nanotube film. Fig. 7 is a graph showing the transmittance test of the composite film in the present embodiment. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the transmittance of the composite film provided in the present embodiment can be 60% or more. Therefore, when a composite film is used as the thermoacoustic element 102, a transparent sound generating device can be obtained. The composite film of this embodiment has a resistance of 500 ohms and has good electrical conductivity.

石墨烯膜為一整體的膜，非常緻密，但強度較差；而奈米碳管層具有一定的強度，並存在大量的空隙，複合膜結合了石墨烯膜更加緻密和奈米碳管層具有較大強度的優點。複合膜作為發聲元件時，石墨烯膜設置於奈米碳管層上，覆蓋了奈米碳管層的空隙，使複合膜與周圍介質的接觸面積相對於奈米碳管層變大，因此，複合膜作為熱致發聲元件可以具有更高的發聲效率；同時，複合膜作為熱致發聲元件時，相對於石墨烯膜具有更大的強度，使熱 致發聲元件的強度增加，具有更長的使用壽命。所述複合膜還具有以下優點：首先，複合膜具有較好的任性，可以彎折成任意角度，因此，該熱致發聲裝置可以為柔性的熱致發聲裝置；其次，石墨烯膜和奈米碳管層均可具有良好的透光性，因此，複合膜也可以為一透明膜，熱致發聲裝置可以為透明熱致發聲裝置；再次，石墨烯膜和奈米碳管層均具有較小的厚度和熱容，因此，複合膜的厚度可以較薄，具有較小的熱容，可以快速的升降溫，因此，該熱致發聲裝置比較靈敏。 The graphene film is a monolithic film, which is very dense, but the strength is poor. The carbon nanotube layer has a certain strength and a large number of voids. The composite film combines the graphene film to be denser and the carbon nanotube layer has a higher density. The advantage of high strength. When the composite film is used as a sounding element, the graphene film is disposed on the carbon nanotube layer to cover the voids of the carbon nanotube layer, so that the contact area of the composite film with the surrounding medium is increased relative to the carbon nanotube layer. The composite film can have higher vocal efficiency as a thermoacoustic element; at the same time, when the composite film is used as a thermoacoustic element, it has greater strength relative to the graphene film, making heat The intensity of the sound-emitting element is increased and has a longer service life. The composite film also has the following advantages: First, the composite film has good arbitrarily and can be bent into any angle. Therefore, the thermo-acoustic device can be a flexible thermo-acoustic device; secondly, the graphene film and the nanometer The carbon tube layer can have good light transmittance. Therefore, the composite film can also be a transparent film, and the thermo-acoustic device can be a transparent thermo-acoustic device; again, the graphene film and the carbon nanotube layer are both small. The thickness and heat capacity, therefore, the thickness of the composite film can be thinner, has a smaller heat capacity, can quickly rise and fall, therefore, the thermo-acoustic device is more sensitive.

所述石墨烯膜的致備方法可以為化學氣相沉積法、LB法或採用膠帶從定向石墨上斯取的方法。本實施例中，採用化學氣相沉積法製備石墨烯膜。該石墨烯膜可以採用化學氣相沉積法生長在一個金屬基底的表面，該金屬可以為銅箔或者鎳箔。具體地，所述石墨烯膜的製備方法包括以下步驟：首先，提供一金屬薄膜基底。 The method of preparing the graphene film may be a chemical vapor deposition method, an LB method, or a method of taking a tape from a directional graphite. In this embodiment, a graphene film is prepared by chemical vapor deposition. The graphene film may be grown on the surface of a metal substrate by chemical vapor deposition, and the metal may be a copper foil or a nickel foil. Specifically, the method for preparing the graphene film comprises the following steps: First, a metal film substrate is provided.

該金屬薄膜可以為銅箔或者鎳箔。所述金屬薄膜基底的大小，形狀不限，可以根據反應室的大小以及形狀進行調整。而通過化學氣相沉積法做形成的石墨烯膜的面積同金屬薄膜基底的大小有關，所述金屬薄膜基底的厚度可以在12.5微米~50微米。本實施例中，所述金屬薄膜基底為銅箔，厚度12.5~50微米的銅箔，優選25微米，面積為4厘米乘4厘米。 The metal film may be a copper foil or a nickel foil. The size and shape of the metal film substrate are not limited, and may be adjusted according to the size and shape of the reaction chamber. The area of the graphene film formed by the chemical vapor deposition method is related to the size of the metal thin film substrate, and the thickness of the metal thin film substrate may be from 12.5 μm to 50 μm. In this embodiment, the metal film substrate is a copper foil, a copper foil having a thickness of 12.5 to 50 microns, preferably 25 microns, and an area of 4 cm by 4 cm.

其次，將上述金屬薄膜基底放入反應室內，在高溫下通入碳源氣體，在金屬薄膜基底的表面沉積碳原子形成石墨烯。 Next, the above-mentioned metal thin film substrate is placed in a reaction chamber, a carbon source gas is introduced at a high temperature, and carbon atoms are deposited on the surface of the metal thin film substrate to form graphene.

所述反應室為一英寸直徑的石英管，具體地，所述在反應室內生 長石墨烯的步驟包括以下步驟：先在氫氣的氣氛下退火還原，氫氣流量係2sccm，退火溫度為1000攝氏度，時間為1小時；然後向反應室內通入碳源氣體甲烷，流量係25sccm，從而在金屬薄膜基底的表面沉積碳原子，反應室的氣壓為500毫托，生長時間為10~60分鐘，優選為30分鐘。 The reaction chamber is a one inch diameter quartz tube, specifically, the reaction chamber is born The step of long graphene includes the following steps: first annealing and reducing under a hydrogen atmosphere, a hydrogen flow rate of 2 sccm, an annealing temperature of 1000 ° C for 1 hour; then introducing a carbon source gas methane into the reaction chamber, the flow rate is 25 sccm, thereby Carbon atoms are deposited on the surface of the metal film substrate, and the gas pressure in the reaction chamber is 500 mTorr, and the growth time is 10 to 60 minutes, preferably 30 minutes.

可以理解，上述反應室內通入的氣體的流量跟反應室的大小有關，本領域技術人員可以根據反應室的大小調整氣體的流量。 It can be understood that the flow rate of the gas introduced into the reaction chamber is related to the size of the reaction chamber, and those skilled in the art can adjust the flow rate of the gas according to the size of the reaction chamber.

最後，在將所述金屬薄膜基底冷卻至室溫，從而在所述金屬薄膜基底的表面形成一層石墨烯。 Finally, the metal thin film substrate is cooled to room temperature to form a layer of graphene on the surface of the metal thin film substrate.

金屬薄膜基底在冷卻的過程中，要繼續向反應室內通入碳源氣與氫氣，直到金屬薄膜基底冷卻至室溫。本實施例中，在冷卻過程中，向反應室內通入25sccm的甲烷，2sccm的氫氣，在500毫托氣壓下，冷卻1小時，方便取出金屬薄膜基底，該金屬薄膜基底的表面生長有一層石墨烯。 During the cooling of the metal film substrate, carbon source gas and hydrogen gas are continuously supplied into the reaction chamber until the metal film substrate is cooled to room temperature. In this embodiment, during the cooling process, 25 sccm of methane and 2 sccm of hydrogen are introduced into the reaction chamber, and the metal film substrate is conveniently removed by cooling at 500 mTorr for 1 hour. The surface of the metal film substrate is covered with a layer of graphite. Alkene.

該碳源氣優選為廉價氣體乙炔，也可選用其他碳氫化合物如甲烷、乙烷、乙烯等。保護氣體優選為氬氣，也可選用其他惰性氣體如氮氣等。石墨烯的沉積溫度在800攝氏度至1000攝氏度。本發明的石墨烯採用化學氣相沉積法製備，因此可以具有較大的面積，該石墨烯膜的最小尺寸可以大於2厘米。由於該石墨烯膜具有較大的面積，因此可以和所述奈米碳管層形成具有較大面積的複合膜。 The carbon source gas is preferably an inexpensive gas acetylene, and other hydrocarbons such as methane, ethane, ethylene, or the like may also be used. The shielding gas is preferably argon, and other inert gases such as nitrogen may also be used. Graphene is deposited at temperatures ranging from 800 degrees Celsius to 1000 degrees Celsius. The graphene of the present invention is prepared by chemical vapor deposition and thus can have a large area, and the minimum size of the graphene film can be greater than 2 cm. Since the graphene film has a large area, a composite film having a large area can be formed with the carbon nanotube layer.

在通過化學氣相沉積法在金屬基底表面生長獲得石墨烯膜後，可以將奈米碳管層鋪到上述石墨烯膜表面，採用機械力將奈米碳管 層與石墨烯膜壓合在一起。最後，可以將上述金屬薄膜基底用溶液腐蝕掉，從而獲得由石墨烯膜以及奈米碳管層組成的複合膜。 After the graphene film is grown on the surface of the metal substrate by chemical vapor deposition, the carbon nanotube layer may be laid on the surface of the above graphene film, and the carbon nanotubes may be mechanically used. The layer is pressed together with the graphene film. Finally, the above metal thin film substrate can be etched away with a solution to obtain a composite film composed of a graphene film and a carbon nanotube layer.

採用上述方法所製備的石墨烯膜可以為單層的石墨烯，也可包括幾層石墨烯。通過控制反應溫度，基底材料等條件可以控制石墨烯膜中石墨烯層的層數。本實施例中，由於銅箔基底的銅材料溶解碳的能力比較低，因此，制得的石墨烯膜僅包括一層石墨烯層。 The graphene film prepared by the above method may be a single layer of graphene, and may also include several layers of graphene. The number of layers of the graphene layer in the graphene film can be controlled by controlling the reaction temperature, the substrate material, and the like. In this embodiment, since the copper material of the copper foil substrate has a relatively low ability to dissolve carbon, the obtained graphene film includes only one layer of graphene.

所述熱致發聲元件102的工作介質不限，只需滿足其電阻率大於所述熱致發聲元件102的電阻率即可。所述介質包括氣態介質或液態介質。所述氣態介質可為空氣。所述液態介質包括非電解質溶液、水及有機溶劑等中的一種或多種。所述液態介質的電阻率大於0.01歐姆．米，優選地，所述液態介質為純淨水。純淨水的電導率可達到1.5×10⁷歐姆．米，且其單位面積熱容也較大，可以傳導出熱致發聲元件102產生的熱量，從而可對熱致發聲元件102進行散熱。本實施例中，所述介質為空氣。 The working medium of the thermoacoustic element 102 is not limited, and only needs to satisfy a resistivity higher than that of the thermo-acoustic element 102. The medium includes a gaseous medium or a liquid medium. The gaseous medium can be air. The liquid medium includes one or more of a non-electrolyte solution, water, an organic solvent, and the like. The liquid medium has a resistivity greater than 0.01 ohms. Rice, preferably, the liquid medium is purified water. The conductivity of pure water can reach 1.5 × 10 ⁷ ohms. The meter, and its heat capacity per unit area is also large, and can radiate heat generated by the thermo-acoustic element 102, so that the heat-producing element 102 can be dissipated. In this embodiment, the medium is air.

本實施例的熱致發聲裝置10可通過第一電極104a及第二電極104b與外部電路電連接，而由此接入外部信號發聲。由於熱致發聲元件102包括該複合膜，複合膜具有較小的單位面積熱容以及較大的散熱面積，在致熱裝置104向熱致發聲元件102輸入信號後，所述熱致發聲元件102可迅速升降溫，產生週期性的溫度變化，並和周圍介質快速進行熱交換，使周圍介質的密度週期性地發生改變，進而發出聲音。簡而言之，本發明實施例的熱致發聲元件102係藉由“電-熱-聲”的轉換來達到發聲。另外，利用複合膜的高透光度，該熱致發聲裝置10呈一透明熱致發聲裝置。 The thermo-acoustic device 10 of the present embodiment can be electrically connected to an external circuit through the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b, thereby thereby accessing an external signal to sound. Since the thermally-induced sounding element 102 includes the composite film, the composite film has a small heat capacity per unit area and a large heat-dissipating area, and after the heat-generating device 104 inputs a signal to the thermally-sounding element 102, the thermo-acoustic element 102 It can quickly raise and lower temperature, produce periodic temperature changes, and quickly exchange heat with the surrounding medium, so that the density of the surrounding medium changes periodically, and then makes a sound. In short, the thermoacoustic element 102 of the embodiment of the present invention achieves vocalization by "electric-thermal-acoustic" conversion. In addition, the thermoacoustic device 10 is a transparent thermo-acoustic device using the high transmittance of the composite film.

本實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置10的聲壓級大於50分貝每瓦聲壓級，發聲頻率範圍為1赫茲至10萬赫茲(即1Hz-100kHz)。所述熱致發聲裝置在500赫茲-4萬赫茲頻率範圍內的失真度可小於3%。 The sound intensity level of the thermo-acoustic device 10 provided in this embodiment is greater than 50 decibels per watt of sound pressure level, and the vocalization frequency ranges from 1 Hz to 100,000 Hz (ie, 1 Hz to 100 kHz). The thermoacoustic device may have a distortion of less than 3% in the frequency range of 500 Hz to 10,000 Hz.

另外，本實施例中的複合膜具有較好的韌性和機械強度，所以石墨烯膜可方便地製成各種形狀和尺寸的熱致發聲裝置10，該熱致發聲裝置10可方便地應用於各種可發聲的器件中，如音響、手機、MP3、MP4、電視、電腦等可發聲的器件中。 In addition, the composite film of the present embodiment has better toughness and mechanical strength, so the graphene film can be conveniently fabricated into the thermo-acoustic device 10 of various shapes and sizes, and the thermo-acoustic device 10 can be conveniently applied to various types. Among the sound-emitting devices, such as audio, mobile phones, MP3, MP4, TV, computers, etc.

請參閱圖8及圖9，本發明第二實施例提供一種熱致發聲裝置20。本實施例所提供的熱致發聲裝置20與第一實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置10的主要不同之處在於，本實施例中的該熱致發聲裝置20進一步包括一基底208。所述熱致發聲元件102設置於該基底208的表面。所述第一電極104a和第二電極104b設置於該熱致發聲元件102的表面。本實施例的熱致發聲元件102與基底的關係可以為：第一，該至少一奈米碳管層設置於基底208與該至少一石墨烯膜之間；第二，該至少一石墨烯膜設置於該基底208與該至少一奈米碳管層之間；第三，當複合膜包括多層奈米碳管層和多層石墨烯膜相互交替設置時，奈米碳管層直接與基底208接觸或者石墨烯膜直接與基底208接觸。該奈米碳管層與第一實施例揭示的奈米碳管層的結構相同。本實施例中，熱致發聲元件102包括一層奈米碳管拉膜和一層石墨烯，該奈米碳管拉膜設置於石墨烯與基底208之間。由於石墨烯本身比較緻密，石墨烯位於奈米碳管拉膜上時，可以使熱致發聲元件102與外界介質具有更大的接觸面積。 Referring to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a thermo-acoustic device 20. The main difference between the thermo-acoustic device 20 provided in this embodiment and the thermo-acoustic device 10 provided in the first embodiment is that the thermo-acoustic device 20 in this embodiment further includes a substrate 208. The thermoacoustic element 102 is disposed on a surface of the substrate 208. The first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b are disposed on a surface of the thermoacoustic element 102. The relationship between the thermoacoustic element 102 of the present embodiment and the substrate may be: first, the at least one carbon nanotube layer is disposed between the substrate 208 and the at least one graphene film; and second, the at least one graphene film Between the substrate 208 and the at least one carbon nanotube layer; third, when the composite film comprises a plurality of layers of carbon nanotubes and a plurality of layers of graphene are alternately arranged, the carbon nanotube layer is in direct contact with the substrate 208 Or the graphene film is in direct contact with the substrate 208. The carbon nanotube layer has the same structure as the carbon nanotube layer disclosed in the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the thermo-acoustic element 102 includes a layer of carbon nanotube film and a layer of graphene disposed between the graphene and the substrate 208. Since the graphene itself is relatively dense, the graphene is located on the carbon nanotube film, and the thermo-acoustic element 102 can have a larger contact area with the external medium.

所述基底208的形狀、尺寸及厚度均不限，該基底208的表面可為 平面或曲面。該基底208的材料不限，可以為具有一定強度的硬性材料或柔性材料。優選地，該基底208的材料的電阻應大於該熱致發聲元件102的電阻，且具有較好的絕熱性能，從而防止該熱致發聲元件102產生的熱量過多的被該基底208吸收。具體地，所述絕緣材料可以為玻璃、陶瓷、石英、金剛石、塑膠、樹脂或木質材料。 The shape, size and thickness of the substrate 208 are not limited, and the surface of the substrate 208 may be Plane or surface. The material of the substrate 208 is not limited and may be a hard material or a flexible material having a certain strength. Preferably, the material of the substrate 208 should have a higher electrical resistance than the thermo-acoustic element 102 and have better thermal insulation properties to prevent excessive heat generated by the thermo-acoustic element 102 from being absorbed by the substrate 208. Specifically, the insulating material may be glass, ceramic, quartz, diamond, plastic, resin or wood material.

本實施例中，所述基底208包括至少一個通孔208a。該通孔208a的深度為所述基底208的厚度。所述通孔208a的橫截面的形狀不限，可以為圓形、正方形、長方形、三角形，多邊形、工字形、或者不規則圖形。當該基底208包括複數個通孔208a時，該複數個通孔208a可均勻分佈、以一定規律分佈或隨機分佈於該基底208。每相鄰兩個通孔208a的間距不限，優選為100微米至3毫米。本實施例中，所述通孔208a為圓柱形，其均勻分佈於基底208。 In this embodiment, the substrate 208 includes at least one through hole 208a. The depth of the through hole 208a is the thickness of the substrate 208. The shape of the cross section of the through hole 208a is not limited and may be a circle, a square, a rectangle, a triangle, a polygon, an I-shape, or an irregular figure. When the substrate 208 includes a plurality of vias 208a, the plurality of vias 208a may be uniformly distributed, distributed in a regular pattern, or randomly distributed to the substrate 208. The spacing of each adjacent two through holes 208a is not limited, and is preferably from 100 micrometers to 3 millimeters. In this embodiment, the through holes 208a are cylindrical and evenly distributed on the substrate 208.

該熱致發聲元件102設置於基底208的表面，並相對於基底208上的通孔208a懸空設置。本實施例中，由於該熱致發聲元件102位於通孔208a上方的部分懸空設置，該部分的熱致發聲元件102兩面均與周圍介質接觸，增加了熱致發聲元件102與周圍氣體或液體介質接觸的面積，並且，由於該熱致發聲元件102另一部分與該基底208的表面直接接觸，並通過該基底208支撐，故該熱致發聲元件102不易被破壞。 The thermally audible element 102 is disposed on the surface of the substrate 208 and is suspended relative to the through hole 208a on the substrate 208. In this embodiment, since the portion of the thermo-acoustic element 102 located above the through hole 208a is suspended, the portions of the thermo-acoustic element 102 are in contact with the surrounding medium, and the thermo-acoustic element 102 and the surrounding gas or liquid medium are added. The area of the contact, and since the other portion of the thermally audible element 102 is in direct contact with the surface of the substrate 208 and supported by the substrate 208, the thermally audible element 102 is less susceptible to damage.

請參見圖10，本發明第三實施例提供一種熱致發聲裝置30。本實施例所提供的熱致發聲裝置30與第二實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置20的區別在於，本實施例中，該熱致發聲裝置30的基底308包括 至少一個盲槽308a，該盲槽308a設置於基底308的一個表面308b。所述盲槽308a使該表面308b形成一凹凸不平的表面。該盲槽308a的深度小於所述基底308的厚度，該盲槽308a的長度不限。該盲槽308a在該基底308的表面308b上的形狀可為長方形、弓形、多邊形、扁圓形或其他不規則形狀。請參閱圖9，本實施例中，基底308上設置有複數個盲槽308a，該盲槽308a在基底308的表面308b上的形狀為長方形。請參見圖11，該盲槽308a在其長度方向上的橫截面為長方形，即，該盲槽308a為一長方體結構。請參閱圖12，該盲槽308a在其長度方向上的橫截面為三角形，即，該盲槽308a為一三棱柱結構。當該基底308的表面308b具有複數個盲槽時，該複數個盲槽可均勻分佈、以一定規律分佈或隨機分佈於該基底308的表面308b。請參閱圖12，相鄰兩個盲槽的槽間距可接近於0，即所述基底308與該熱致發聲元件102接觸的區域為複數個線。可以理解，在其他實施例中，通過改變該盲槽308a的形狀，該熱致發聲元件102與該基底308接觸的區域為複數個點，即該熱致發聲元件102與該基底308之間可為點接觸、線接觸或面接觸。 Referring to FIG. 10, a third embodiment of the present invention provides a thermo-acoustic device 30. The difference between the thermo-acoustic device 30 provided in this embodiment and the thermo-acoustic device 20 provided in the second embodiment is that, in the embodiment, the substrate 308 of the thermo-acoustic device 30 includes At least one blind slot 308a is disposed on one surface 308b of the substrate 308. The blind groove 308a causes the surface 308b to form an uneven surface. The depth of the blind groove 308a is smaller than the thickness of the substrate 308, and the length of the blind groove 308a is not limited. The shape of the blind groove 308a on the surface 308b of the substrate 308 may be rectangular, arcuate, polygonal, oblate, or other irregular shape. Referring to FIG. 9, in the embodiment, the substrate 308 is provided with a plurality of blind grooves 308a having a rectangular shape on the surface 308b of the substrate 308. Referring to FIG. 11, the blind groove 308a has a rectangular cross section in the longitudinal direction thereof, that is, the blind groove 308a has a rectangular parallelepiped structure. Referring to FIG. 12, the blind groove 308a has a triangular cross section in the longitudinal direction thereof, that is, the blind groove 308a is a triangular prism structure. When the surface 308b of the substrate 308 has a plurality of blind grooves, the plurality of blind grooves may be uniformly distributed, distributed in a regular pattern or randomly distributed on the surface 308b of the substrate 308. Referring to FIG. 12, the slot pitch of two adjacent blind slots may be close to zero, that is, the area where the substrate 308 is in contact with the thermal acoustic element 102 is a plurality of lines. It can be understood that in other embodiments, by changing the shape of the blind groove 308a, the area where the thermo-acoustic element 102 contacts the substrate 308 is a plurality of points, that is, between the thermo-acoustic element 102 and the substrate 308. For point contact, line contact or face contact.

本實施例的熱致發聲裝置30中所述基底308包括至少一盲槽308a。該盲槽可以反射所述熱致發聲元件102發出的聲波，從而增強所述熱致發聲裝置30在熱致發聲元件102一側的發聲強度。當該相鄰的盲槽之間的距離接近於0時，該基底308既能支撐該熱致發聲元件102，又能使該熱致發聲元件102具有與周圍介質接觸的最大表面積。 The substrate 308 in the thermoacoustic device 30 of the present embodiment includes at least one blind groove 308a. The blind groove can reflect the sound waves emitted by the thermo-acoustic element 102, thereby enhancing the vocal intensity of the thermo-acoustic device 30 on the side of the thermo-acoustic element 102. When the distance between the adjacent blind grooves is close to zero, the substrate 308 can support both the thermo-acoustic element 102 and the maximum surface area of the thermo-acoustic element 102 in contact with the surrounding medium.

可以理解，當該盲槽308a的深度達到某一值時，通過該盲槽308a 反射的聲波會與原聲波產生疊加，從而引起相消干涉，影響熱致發聲元件102的發聲效果。為避免這一現象，優選地，該盲槽308a的深度小於等於10毫米。另外，當該盲槽308a的深度過小，通過基底308懸空設置的熱致發聲元件102與基底308距離過近，不利於該熱致發聲元件102的散熱。因此，優選地，該盲槽308a的深度大於等於10微米。 It can be understood that when the depth of the blind groove 308a reaches a certain value, the blind groove 308a is passed. The reflected sound waves are superimposed with the original sound waves, causing destructive interference, affecting the sounding effect of the thermally-induced sounding element 102. To avoid this, it is preferable that the blind groove 308a has a depth of 10 mm or less. In addition, when the depth of the blind groove 308a is too small, the thermo-acoustic element 102 suspended by the substrate 308 is too close to the substrate 308, which is disadvantageous for heat dissipation of the thermo-acoustic element 102. Therefore, preferably, the blind groove 308a has a depth of 10 μm or more.

請參見圖13及圖14，本發明第四實施例提供一種熱致發聲裝置40。本實施例所提供的熱致發聲裝置40與第二實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置20的區別在於，本實施例中，該熱致發聲裝置40的基底408為一網狀結構。所述基底408包括複數個第一線狀結構408a及複數個第二線狀結構408b。所述之線狀結構也可以為帶狀或者條狀的結構。該複數個第一線狀結構408a與該複數個第二線狀結構408b相互交叉設置形成一網狀結構的基底408。所述複數個第一線狀結構408a可以相互平行，也可以不相互平行，所述複數個第二線狀結構408b可以相互平行，也可以不相互平行，當複數個第一線狀結構408a相互平行，且複數個第二線狀結構408b相互平行時，具體地，所述複數個第一線狀結構408a的軸向均沿第一方向L1延伸，相鄰的第一線狀結構408a之間的距離可以相等也可以不等。相鄰的兩個第一線狀結構408a之間的距離不限，優選地，其間距小於等於1厘米。本實施例中，該複數個第一線狀結構408a之間等間距間隔設置，相鄰的兩個第一線狀結構408a之間的距離為2厘米。所述複數個第二線狀結構408b彼此間隔設置且其軸向均基本沿第二方向L2延伸，相鄰的第二線狀結構408b之間的距離可以相等也可以不等。相鄰的兩個第二線狀結構408b之間的距離不限，優選地，其間距小於等於1厘米。第一方向L1與第二方向 L2形成一夾角α，α大於0度小於等於90度。本實施例中，第一方向L1和第二方向L2之間的夾角為90°。所述複數個第一線狀結構408a與該複數個第二線狀結構408b交叉設置的方式不限。本實施例中，第一線狀結構408a和第二線狀結構408b相互編織形成一網狀結構。在另一實施例中，所述複數個間隔設置的第二線狀結構408b接觸設置於所述複數個第一線狀結構408a的同一側。該複數個第二線狀結構408b與該複數個第一線狀結構408a的接觸部可通過黏結劑固定設置，也可以通過焊接的方式固定設置。當第一線狀結構408a的熔點較低時，也可以通過熱壓的方式將第二線狀結構408b與第一線狀結構408a固定設置。 Referring to FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, a fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a thermo-acoustic device 40. The difference between the thermo-acoustic device 40 provided in this embodiment and the thermo-acoustic device 20 provided in the second embodiment is that the substrate 408 of the thermo-acoustic device 40 is a mesh structure in this embodiment. The substrate 408 includes a plurality of first linear structures 408a and a plurality of second linear structures 408b. The linear structure may also be a strip or strip structure. The plurality of first linear structures 408a and the plurality of second linear structures 408b are interdigitated to form a base 408 of a mesh structure. The plurality of first linear structures 408a may or may not be parallel to each other, and the plurality of second linear structures 408b may or may not be parallel to each other when the plurality of first linear structures 408a are mutually When the plurality of second linear structures 408b are parallel to each other, specifically, the axial directions of the plurality of first linear structures 408a extend along the first direction L1, and between the adjacent first linear structures 408a. The distances can be equal or not equal. The distance between the adjacent two first linear structures 408a is not limited, and preferably, the pitch is less than or equal to 1 cm. In this embodiment, the plurality of first linear structures 408a are equally spaced apart, and the distance between the adjacent two first linear structures 408a is 2 cm. The plurality of second linear structures 408b are spaced apart from each other and extend substantially in the second direction L2 in the axial direction, and the distance between the adjacent second linear structures 408b may be equal or unequal. The distance between the adjacent two second linear structures 408b is not limited, and preferably, the pitch is less than or equal to 1 cm. First direction L1 and second direction L2 forms an angle α, which is greater than 0 degrees and less than or equal to 90 degrees. In this embodiment, the angle between the first direction L1 and the second direction L2 is 90°. The manner in which the plurality of first linear structures 408a are disposed to intersect with the plurality of second linear structures 408b is not limited. In this embodiment, the first linear structure 408a and the second linear structure 408b are woven with each other to form a mesh structure. In another embodiment, the plurality of spaced apart second linear structures 408b are disposed on the same side of the plurality of first linear structures 408a. The contact portion of the plurality of second linear structures 408b and the plurality of first linear structures 408a may be fixedly disposed by a bonding agent, or may be fixedly disposed by soldering. When the melting point of the first linear structure 408a is low, the second linear structure 408b may be fixedly disposed with the first linear structure 408a by hot pressing.

所述基底408具有複數個網孔408c。該複數個網孔408c由相互交叉設置的所述複數個第一線狀結構408a以及複數個第二線狀結構408b圍成。所述網孔408c為四邊形。根據該複數個第一線狀結構408a和該複數個第二線狀結構408b的交叉設置的角度不同，網孔408c可以為正方形、長方形或菱形。網孔408c的大小由相鄰的兩個第一線狀結構408a之間的距離和相鄰的兩個第二線狀結構408b之間的距離決定。本實施例中，由於所述複數個第一線狀結構408a與複數個第二線狀結構408b分別等間距平行設置，且該複數個第一線狀結構408a與該複數個第二線狀結構408b相互垂直，所以網孔408c為正方形，其邊長為2厘米。 The substrate 408 has a plurality of meshes 408c. The plurality of meshes 408c are surrounded by the plurality of first linear structures 408a and the plurality of second linear structures 408b that are disposed to intersect each other. The mesh 408c is quadrangular. The mesh 408c may be square, rectangular or diamond-shaped depending on the angle at which the plurality of first linear structures 408a and the plurality of second linear structures 408b are disposed at intersections. The size of the mesh 408c is determined by the distance between the adjacent two first linear structures 408a and the distance between the adjacent two second linear structures 408b. In this embodiment, the plurality of first linear structures 408a and the plurality of second linear structures 408b are disposed in parallel at equal intervals, and the plurality of first linear structures 408a and the plurality of second linear structures are The 408b are perpendicular to each other, so the mesh 408c is square and has a side length of 2 cm.

所述第一線狀結構408a的直徑不限，優選為10微米~5毫米。該第一線狀結構408a的材料由絕緣材料製成，該材料包括纖維、塑膠、樹脂或矽膠等。所述第一線狀結構408a可以為紡織材料，具體地，該第一線狀結構408a可以包括植物纖維、動物纖維、木纖維 及礦物纖維中的一種或多種，如棉線、麻線、毛線、蠶絲線、尼龍線或氨綸等。優選地，該絕緣材料應具有一定的耐熱性質和柔性，如尼龍或聚酯等。另外，該第一線狀結構408a也可為外表包有絕緣層的導電絲。該導電絲可以為金屬絲或者奈米碳管線狀結構。所述金屬包括金屬單質或者合金，該單質金屬可以為鋁、銅、鎢、鉬、金、鈦、釹、鈀或銫等，該金屬合金可以為上述單質金屬任意組合的合金。該絕緣層的材料可以為樹脂、塑膠、二氧化矽或金屬氧化物等。本實施例中，該第一線狀結構408a為表面塗覆有二氧化矽的奈米碳管線狀結構，二氧化矽構成的絕緣層將奈米碳管線狀結構包裹，從而構成該第一線狀結構408a。 The diameter of the first linear structure 408a is not limited, and is preferably 10 micrometers to 5 millimeters. The material of the first linear structure 408a is made of an insulating material including fibers, plastics, resins or silicones. The first linear structure 408a may be a textile material. Specifically, the first linear structure 408a may include plant fibers, animal fibers, and wood fibers. And one or more of mineral fibers, such as cotton, twine, wool, silk, nylon or spandex. Preferably, the insulating material should have certain heat resistant properties and flexibility, such as nylon or polyester. In addition, the first linear structure 408a may also be a conductive wire having an insulating layer on its outer surface. The conductive filaments may be wire or nanocarbon line-like structures. The metal includes a metal element or an alloy, and the elemental metal may be aluminum, copper, tungsten, molybdenum, gold, titanium, rhodium, palladium or iridium. The metal alloy may be an alloy of any combination of the above elemental metals. The material of the insulating layer may be resin, plastic, cerium oxide or metal oxide. In this embodiment, the first linear structure 408a is a nano carbon line-like structure coated with cerium oxide on the surface, and the insulating layer composed of cerium oxide encapsulates the nano carbon line-like structure to constitute the first line. Shaped structure 408a.

所述第二線狀結構408b的結構和材料與第一線狀結構408a的結構和材料相同。在同一實施例中，第二線狀結構408b的結構和材料可以和第一線狀結構408a的結構和材料相同，也可以不相同。本實施例中，第二線狀結構408b為表面塗覆有絕緣層的奈米碳管線狀結構。 The structure and material of the second linear structure 408b are the same as those of the first linear structure 408a. In the same embodiment, the structure and material of the second linear structure 408b may be the same as or different from the structure and material of the first linear structure 408a. In this embodiment, the second linear structure 408b is a nanocarbon line-like structure whose surface is coated with an insulating layer.

所述奈米碳管線狀結構包括至少一根奈米碳管線，該奈米碳管線包括複數個奈米碳管。該奈米碳管可以為單壁奈米碳管、雙壁奈米碳管、多壁奈米碳管中的一種或幾種。所述奈米碳管線可以為由複數個奈米碳管組成的純結構。當奈米碳管線狀結構包括多根奈米碳管線時，該多根奈米碳管線可以相互平行設置。當奈米碳管線狀結構包括多根奈米碳管線時，該多根奈米碳管線可以相互螺旋纏繞。奈米碳管線狀結構中的多根奈米碳管線也可以通過黏結劑相互固定。 The nanocarbon line-like structure includes at least one nanocarbon line, and the nanocarbon line includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotubes may be one or more of a single-walled carbon nanotube, a double-walled carbon nanotube, and a multi-walled carbon nanotube. The nanocarbon line may be a pure structure composed of a plurality of carbon nanotubes. When the nanocarbon line-like structure includes a plurality of nanocarbon lines, the plurality of nanocarbon lines may be disposed in parallel with each other. When the nanocarbon line-like structure includes a plurality of nanocarbon lines, the plurality of nano carbon lines may be spirally wound with each other. The plurality of nanocarbon lines in the nanocarbon line structure can also be fixed to each other by a binder.

所述奈米碳管線可以為非扭轉的奈米碳管線或扭轉的奈米碳管線 。請參閱圖15，該非扭轉的奈米碳管線包括複數個沿奈米碳管線長度方向延伸並首尾相連的奈米碳管。優選地，該非扭轉的奈米碳管線包括複數個奈米碳管片段，該複數個奈米碳管片段之間通過凡得瓦力首尾相連，每一奈米碳管片段包括複數個相互平行並通過凡得瓦力緊密結合的奈米碳管。該奈米碳管片段具有任意的長度、厚度、均勻性及形狀。該非扭轉的奈米碳管線長度不限，直徑為0.5奈米~100微米。 The nano carbon line may be a non-twisted nano carbon line or a twisted nano carbon line . Referring to FIG. 15, the non-twisted nanocarbon pipeline includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes extending along the length of the nanocarbon pipeline and connected end to end. Preferably, the non-twisted nanocarbon pipeline comprises a plurality of carbon nanotube segments, the plurality of carbon nanotube segments being connected end to end by van der Waals, and each of the carbon nanotube segments comprises a plurality of mutually parallel and A carbon nanotube that is tightly bonded by van der Waals. The carbon nanotube segments have any length, thickness, uniformity, and shape. The non-twisted nano carbon line is not limited in length and has a diameter of 0.5 nm to 100 μm.

所述扭轉的奈米碳管線為採用一機械力將所述非扭轉的奈米碳管線沿相反方向扭轉獲得。請參閱圖16，該扭轉的奈米碳管線包括複數個繞奈米碳管線軸向螺旋排列的奈米碳管。優選地，該扭轉的奈米碳管線包括複數個奈米碳管片段，該複數個奈米碳管片段之間通過凡得瓦力首尾相連，每一奈米碳管片段包括複數個相互平行並通過凡得瓦力緊密結合的奈米碳管。該奈米碳管片段具有任意的長度、厚度、均勻性及形狀。該扭轉的奈米碳管線長度不限，直徑為0.5奈米~100微米。所述奈米碳管線及其製備方法請參見范守善等人於民國91年11月05日申請的，於民國97年11月21日公告的第I303239號台灣公告專利“一種奈米碳管繩及其製造方法”，專利權人：鴻海精密工業股份有限公司，以及於民國98年7月21日公告的第I312337號台灣公告專利“奈米碳管絲及其製作方法”，專利權人：鴻海精密工業股份有限公司。為節省篇幅，僅引用於此，但上述申請所有技術揭露也應視為本發明申請所揭露的一部分。 The twisted nanocarbon line is obtained by twisting the non-twisted nanocarbon line in the opposite direction using a mechanical force. Referring to FIG. 16, the twisted nanocarbon pipeline includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes arranged in an axial spiral arrangement around a carbon nanotube. Preferably, the twisted nanocarbon pipeline comprises a plurality of carbon nanotube segments, the plurality of carbon nanotube segments being connected end to end by van der Waals, and each of the carbon nanotube segments comprises a plurality of mutually parallel and A carbon nanotube that is tightly bonded by van der Waals. The carbon nanotube segments have any length, thickness, uniformity, and shape. The twisted nanocarbon line is not limited in length and has a diameter of 0.5 nm to 100 μm. The nano carbon pipeline and its preparation method can be found in Fan Shoushan et al., which was filed on November 5, 1991 in the Republic of China. No. I303239, announced on November 21, 1997, Taiwan’s patent "a carbon nanotube rope and Its manufacturing method", the patentee: Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd., and Taiwan No. I312337 announced on July 21, 1998, the Taiwan Announced Patent "Nano Carbon Pipe and Its Manufacturing Method", Patentee: Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. In order to save space, only the above is cited, but all the technical disclosures of the above application are also considered as part of the disclosure of the present application.

本實施例所提供的熱致發聲裝置40採用網狀結構的基底408具有以下優點：其一，網狀結構包括複數個網孔，在給熱致發聲元件 102提供支撐的同時，可以使熱致發聲元件102與周圍介質具有較大的接觸面積。其二，網狀結構的基底408可以具有較好的柔韌性，因此，熱致發聲裝置40具有較好的柔韌性。其三，當第一線狀結構408a或/和第二線狀結構408b包括塗覆有絕緣層的奈米碳管線狀結構時，奈米碳管線狀結構可以具有較小的直徑，更進一步增加了熱致發聲元件102與周圍介質的接觸面積；奈米碳管線狀結構具有較小的密度，因此，熱致發聲裝置40的質量可以較小；奈米碳管線狀結構具有較好的柔韌性，可以多次彎折而不被破壞，因此，該熱致發聲裝置40可以具有更長的使用壽命。 The thermal sound generating device 40 provided in this embodiment adopts the mesh structure of the substrate 408 having the following advantages: First, the mesh structure includes a plurality of mesh holes, and the heat generating acoustic components are provided. While providing support 102, the thermally audible element 102 can have a relatively large contact area with the surrounding medium. Second, the base 408 of the mesh structure can have better flexibility, and therefore, the thermo-acoustic device 40 has better flexibility. Third, when the first linear structure 408a or/and the second linear structure 408b includes a nanocarbon line-like structure coated with an insulating layer, the nanocarbon line-like structure may have a smaller diameter and further increase The contact area of the thermoacoustic element 102 with the surrounding medium; the nanocarbon line-like structure has a small density, and therefore, the mass of the thermo-acoustic device 40 can be small; the nanocarbon line-like structure has better flexibility. It can be bent many times without being damaged, and therefore, the thermo-acoustic device 40 can have a longer service life.

請參見圖17，本發明第五實施例提供一種熱致發聲裝置50。本實施例所提供的熱致發聲裝置50與第二實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置20的區別在於，本實施例中，該熱致發聲裝置50的基底508為一奈米碳管複合結構。 Referring to FIG. 17, a fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a thermo-acoustic device 50. The difference between the thermo-acoustic device 50 provided in this embodiment and the thermo-acoustic device 20 provided in the second embodiment is that, in the embodiment, the substrate 508 of the thermo-acoustic device 50 is a carbon nanotube composite structure.

該奈米碳管複合結構包括一奈米碳管層及塗覆在該奈米碳管層表面的絕緣材料層。所述奈米碳管層的結構與第一實施例所揭示的奈米碳管層的結構想同。所述絕緣材料層位於奈米碳管層的表面，該絕緣材料層的作用為使奈米碳管層與熱致發聲元件102相互絕緣。該絕緣材料層僅分佈於奈米碳管層的表面，或者絕緣材料層包裹奈米碳管層中的每根奈米碳管。當絕緣材料層的厚度較薄時，不會將奈米碳管層中的微孔堵塞，因此，該奈米碳管複合結構包括複數個微孔。複數個微孔使熱致發聲元件102與外界接觸面積較大。 The carbon nanotube composite structure includes a carbon nanotube layer and an insulating material layer coated on the surface of the carbon nanotube layer. The structure of the carbon nanotube layer is the same as that of the carbon nanotube layer disclosed in the first embodiment. The insulating material layer is located on the surface of the carbon nanotube layer, and the insulating material layer functions to insulate the carbon nanotube layer from the thermoacoustic element 102. The layer of insulating material is only distributed on the surface of the carbon nanotube layer, or the layer of insulating material wraps each of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube layer. When the thickness of the insulating material layer is thin, the micropores in the carbon nanotube layer are not blocked, and therefore, the carbon nanotube composite structure includes a plurality of micropores. The plurality of micropores provide a large contact area of the thermoacoustic element 102 with the outside.

本實施例所提供的熱致發聲裝置50採用奈米碳管複合結構作為基底508，具有以下優點：第一，奈米碳管複合結構包括奈米碳管 層和塗覆在奈米碳管層表面的絕緣材料層，由於奈米碳管層可以由純的奈米碳管組成的結構，因此，奈米碳管層的密度小，質量相對較輕，因此，熱致發聲裝置50具有較小的質量，方便應用；第二，奈米碳管層中的微孔係由奈米碳管之間的間隙構成，分佈均勻，在絕緣材料層較薄的情況下，奈米碳管複合結構可以保持該均勻分佈的微孔結構，因此，熱致發聲元件102通過該基底508可以與外界空氣較均勻地接觸；第三，所述奈米碳管層具有良好的柔韌性，可以多次彎折而不被破壞，因此，奈米碳管複合結構具有較好的柔韌性，採用奈米碳管複合結構作為基底508的熱致發聲裝置50為一柔性的發聲裝置，可以設置成任何形狀不受限制。 The thermo-acoustic device 50 provided in this embodiment adopts a carbon nanotube composite structure as the substrate 508, and has the following advantages: First, the carbon nanotube composite structure includes a carbon nanotube. The layer and the layer of insulating material coated on the surface of the carbon nanotube layer, because the carbon nanotube layer can be composed of pure carbon nanotubes, the carbon nanotube layer has a small density and a relatively low quality. Therefore, the thermo-acoustic device 50 has a small mass and is convenient for application. Second, the microporous layer in the carbon nanotube layer is composed of a gap between the carbon nanotubes, and the distribution is uniform, and the insulating material layer is thin. The carbon nanotube composite structure can maintain the uniformly distributed microporous structure, so that the thermo-acoustic element 102 can be more uniformly contacted with the outside air through the substrate 508; third, the carbon nanotube layer has good The flexibility can be bent multiple times without being destroyed. Therefore, the carbon nanotube composite structure has good flexibility, and the thermo-acoustic device 50 using the carbon nanotube composite structure as the substrate 508 is a flexible sounding. The device can be set to any shape without limitation.

請參見圖18及圖19，本發明第六實施例提供一種熱致發聲裝置60，該熱致發聲裝置60包括一基底608、一致熱裝置104及一熱致發聲元件102。該致熱裝置104包括複數個第一電極104a及複數個第二電極104b，所述複數個第一電極104a和複數個第二電極104b分別和熱致發聲元件102電連接。該熱致發聲元件102包括一石墨烯膜。 Referring to FIG. 18 and FIG. 19, a sixth embodiment of the present invention provides a thermo-acoustic device 60. The thermo-acoustic device 60 includes a substrate 608, a heat-consisting device 104, and a pyrogenic component 102. The heating device 104 includes a plurality of first electrodes 104a and a plurality of second electrodes 104b, and the plurality of first electrodes 104a and the plurality of second electrodes 104b are electrically connected to the thermo-acoustic elements 102, respectively. The thermoacoustic element 102 includes a graphene film.

所述複數個第一電極104a與複數個第二電極104b交替間隔設置於基底608。所述熱致發聲元件102設置於該複數個第一電極104a與複數個第二電極104b上，使該複數個第一電極104a與複數個第二電極104b位於基底608與熱致發聲元件102之間，該熱致發聲元件102相對於基底608部分懸空。即，複數個第一電極104a、複數個第二電極104b、熱致發聲元件102以及基底608共同形成有複數個間隙601，從而使該熱致發聲元件102與周圍空氣產生較大的接觸 面積。各個相鄰的第一電極104a與第二電極104b之間的距離可以相等也可以不相等。優選地，各個相鄰的第一電極104a與第二電極104b之間的距離相等。相鄰的第一電極104a與第二電極104b之間的距離不限，優選為10微米~1厘米。 The plurality of first electrodes 104a and the plurality of second electrodes 104b are alternately spaced apart from each other on the substrate 608. The thermo-acoustic component 102 is disposed on the plurality of first electrodes 104a and the plurality of second electrodes 104b, such that the plurality of first electrodes 104a and the plurality of second electrodes 104b are located on the substrate 608 and the thermo-acoustic component 102. The thermally audible element 102 is partially suspended relative to the substrate 608. That is, the plurality of first electrodes 104a, the plurality of second electrodes 104b, the thermally audible elements 102, and the substrate 608 are collectively formed with a plurality of gaps 601, thereby causing the thermoacoustic elements 102 to have a large contact with the surrounding air. area. The distance between each adjacent first electrode 104a and second electrode 104b may or may not be equal. Preferably, the distance between each adjacent first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b is equal. The distance between the adjacent first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b is not limited, and is preferably 10 micrometers to 1 centimeter.

所述基底608主要起承載第一電極104a與第二電極104b的作用。該基底608的形狀與大小不限，材料為絕緣材料或導電性差的材料。另外，該基底608的材料應具有較好的絕熱性能，從而防止該熱致發聲元件102產生的熱量被該基底608吸收，而無法達到加熱周圍介質進而發聲的目的。在本實施例中，該基底608的材料可為玻璃、樹脂或陶瓷等。本實施例中，所述基底608為一正方形的玻璃板，其邊長為4.5厘米，厚度為1毫米。 The substrate 608 mainly functions to carry the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b. The shape and size of the substrate 608 are not limited, and the material is an insulating material or a material having poor conductivity. In addition, the material of the substrate 608 should have better thermal insulation properties, so that the heat generated by the thermoacoustic element 102 is prevented from being absorbed by the substrate 608, and the purpose of heating the surrounding medium and sounding is not achieved. In this embodiment, the material of the substrate 608 may be glass, resin or ceramics or the like. In this embodiment, the substrate 608 is a square glass plate having a side length of 4.5 cm and a thickness of 1 mm.

該間隙601由一個第一電極104a、一個第二電極104b與基底608定義，該間隙601的高度取決於第一電極104a與第二電極104b的高度。在本實施例中，第一電極104a與第二電極104b的高度範圍為1微米~1厘米。優選地，第一電極104a和第二電極104b的高度為15微米。 The gap 601 is defined by a first electrode 104a, a second electrode 104b and a substrate 608, the height of which depends on the height of the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b. In this embodiment, the height of the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b ranges from 1 micrometer to 1 centimeter. Preferably, the height of the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b is 15 microns.

所述第一電極104a與第二電極104b可為層狀(絲狀或帶狀)、棒狀、條狀、塊狀或其他形狀，其橫截面的形狀可為圓型、方型、梯形、三角形、多邊形或其他不規則形狀。該第一電極104a與第二電極104b可通過螺栓連接或黏結劑黏結等方式固定於基底608。而為防止熱致發聲元件102的熱量被第一電極104a與第二電極104b過多吸收而影響發聲效果，該第一電極104a及第二電極104b與熱致發聲元件102的接觸面積較小為好，因此，該第一電極104a和第二電極104b的形狀優選為絲狀或帶狀。該第一電極104a 與第二電極104b材料可選擇為金屬、導電膠、導電漿料、銦錫氧化物(ITO)、奈米碳管或碳纖維等。當第一電極104a或第二電極104b的材料為奈米碳管時，該第一電極104a或第二電極104b可以為一奈米碳管線狀結構。該奈米碳管線狀結構的結構與第四實施例提供的奈米碳管線狀結構相同。由於奈米碳管線狀結構中的奈米碳管首尾相連，因此，奈米碳管線狀結構具有良好的導電性，可以用作電極。 The first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b may be in the form of a layer (filament or strip), a rod, a strip, a block or other shapes, and the cross section may have a circular shape, a square shape, a trapezoidal shape, or the like. Triangle, polygon, or other irregular shape. The first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b may be fixed to the substrate 608 by bolting or bonding of a bonding agent or the like. In order to prevent the heat of the thermo-acoustic element 102 from being excessively absorbed by the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b, the contact area of the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b with the thermo-acoustic element 102 is small. Therefore, the shape of the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b is preferably a filament shape or a ribbon shape. The first electrode 104a The material of the second electrode 104b may be selected from a metal, a conductive paste, a conductive paste, indium tin oxide (ITO), a carbon nanotube or a carbon fiber. When the material of the first electrode 104a or the second electrode 104b is a carbon nanotube, the first electrode 104a or the second electrode 104b may be a nanocarbon line-like structure. The structure of the nanocarbon line-like structure is the same as that of the nanocarbon line-like structure provided in the fourth embodiment. Since the carbon nanotubes in the nanocarbon line-like structure are connected end to end, the nanocarbon line-like structure has good electrical conductivity and can be used as an electrode.

該熱致發聲裝置60進一步包括一第一電極引線610及一第二電極引線612，該第一電極引線610與第二電極引線612分別與熱致發聲裝置60中的第一電極104a和第二電極104b連接，使複數個第一電極104a分別與該第一電極引線610電連接，使複數個第二電極104b分別與該第二電極引線612電連接。所述熱致發聲裝置60通過該第一電極引線610和第二電極引線612與外部電路電連接。這種連接方式可以使第一電極引線610和第二電極引線612之間的熱致發聲元件102的方塊電阻大大減小，可以提高熱致發聲元件102的發聲效率。 The thermo-acoustic device 60 further includes a first electrode lead 610 and a second electrode lead 612. The first electrode lead 610 and the second electrode lead 612 are respectively associated with the first electrode 104a and the second electrode in the thermo-acoustic device 60. The electrodes 104b are connected such that a plurality of first electrodes 104a are electrically connected to the first electrode leads 610, respectively, and a plurality of second electrodes 104b are electrically connected to the second electrode leads 612, respectively. The thermoacoustic device 60 is electrically connected to an external circuit through the first electrode lead 610 and the second electrode lead 612. This connection can greatly reduce the sheet resistance of the thermo-acoustic element 102 between the first electrode lead 610 and the second electrode lead 612, and can improve the sound-emitting efficiency of the thermo-acoustic element 102.

本實施例中，複數個第一電極104a和複數個第二電極104b可以起到支撐熱致發聲元件102的作用，因此，基底608並非必須的元件。當本實施例中的熱致發聲裝置60不包括基底608時，第一電極104a和第二電極104b在使熱致發聲元件102與外部電路電連接的同時，還可以保護和支撐熱致發聲元件102。 In this embodiment, the plurality of first electrodes 104a and the plurality of second electrodes 104b can function to support the thermo-acoustic element 102, and therefore, the substrate 608 is not an essential component. When the thermo-acoustic device 60 in this embodiment does not include the substrate 608, the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b can also protect and support the thermo-acoustic component while electrically connecting the thermo-acoustic element 102 to an external circuit. 102.

本實施例中，第一電極104a與第二電極104b為用絲網印刷方法形成的絲狀銀電極。第一電極104a數量為四個，第二電極104b數量為四個，該四個第一電極104a與四個第二電極104b交替且等間距 設置於基底608。每個第一電極104a與第二電極104b的長度均為3厘米，高度為15微米，相鄰的第一電極104a與第二電極104b之間的距離為5毫米。 In this embodiment, the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b are filamentary silver electrodes formed by a screen printing method. The number of the first electrodes 104a is four, the number of the second electrodes 104b is four, and the four first electrodes 104a and the four second electrodes 104b are alternately and equally spaced. It is disposed on the substrate 608. Each of the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b has a length of 3 cm and a height of 15 μm, and a distance between the adjacent first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b is 5 mm.

本實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置60中，熱致發聲元件102通過複數個第一電極104a和複數個第二電極104b懸空設置，增加了熱致發聲元件102與周圍空氣的接觸面積，有利於熱致發聲元件102與周圍空氣熱交換，提高了發聲效率。 In the thermo-acoustic device 60 provided in this embodiment, the thermo-acoustic element 102 is suspended by the plurality of first electrodes 104a and the plurality of second electrodes 104b, which increases the contact area between the thermo-acoustic element 102 and the surrounding air, which is advantageous. The heat-induced sounding element 102 exchanges heat with the surrounding air, improving sound generation efficiency.

請參見圖20和圖21，本發明第七實施例提供一種熱致發聲裝置70。該熱致發聲裝置70包括一基底608、一致熱裝置104及一熱致發聲元件102。該致熱裝置104包括複數個第一電極104a及複數個第二電極104b，所述複數個第一電極104a和複數個第二電極104b分別和熱致發聲元件102電連接。該熱致發聲元件102包括一石墨烯膜。本實施例所提供的熱致發聲裝置70與第六實施例所提供的熱致發聲裝置60的結構基本相同，其區別在於，本實施例中，相鄰的兩個第一電極104a和第二電極104b之間進一步包括至少一個間隔元件714。 Referring to FIG. 20 and FIG. 21, a seventh embodiment of the present invention provides a thermal sound generating device 70. The thermoacoustic device 70 includes a substrate 608, a uniform thermal device 104, and a pyrogenic component 102. The heating device 104 includes a plurality of first electrodes 104a and a plurality of second electrodes 104b, and the plurality of first electrodes 104a and the plurality of second electrodes 104b are electrically connected to the thermo-acoustic elements 102, respectively. The thermoacoustic element 102 includes a graphene film. The thermo-acoustic device 70 provided in this embodiment has substantially the same structure as the thermo-acoustic device 60 provided in the sixth embodiment, except that in the present embodiment, two adjacent first electrodes 104a and second are provided. At least one spacer element 714 is further included between the electrodes 104b.

所述間隔元件714與基底608可以為分離的元件，該間隔元件714通過例如螺栓連接或黏結劑黏結等方式固定於基底608。另外，該間隔元件714也可以與基底608一體成型，即間隔元件714的材料與基底608的材料相同。該間隔元件714的形狀不限，可為球形、絲狀或帶狀結構。為保持熱致發聲元件102具有良好的發聲效果，該間隔元件714在支撐熱致發聲元件102的同時應與熱致發聲元件102具有較小的接觸面積，優選為該間隔元件714與熱致發聲元件102之間為點接觸或線接觸。 The spacer element 714 and the substrate 608 can be separate components that are secured to the substrate 608 by, for example, bolting or adhesive bonding. Additionally, the spacer element 714 can also be integrally formed with the substrate 608, i.e., the spacer element 714 is of the same material as the substrate 608. The spacer element 714 is not limited in shape and may be in the form of a sphere, a filament or a ribbon. In order to maintain the thermal sounding element 102 with a good vocalization effect, the spacer element 714 should have a smaller contact area with the thermally audible element 102 while supporting the thermoacoustic element 102, preferably the spacer element 714 and the thermal vocalization The elements 102 are in point or line contact.

在本實施例中，該間隔元件714的材料不限，可為玻璃、陶瓷或樹脂等的絕緣材料，也可為金屬、合金或銦錫氧化物等的導電材料。當間隔元件714為導電材料時，其與第一電極104a和第二電極104b電性絕緣，且，優選地，間隔元件714與第一電極104a和第二電極104b平行。該間隔元件714的高度不限，優選為10微米~1厘米。本實施例中，該間隔元件714為採用絲網印刷方法形成的絲狀銀，該間隔元件714的高度與所述第一電極104a及第二電極104b的高度相同，為20微米。間隔元件714與第一電極104a和第二電極104b平行設置。由於間隔元件714的高度與第一電極104a和第二電極104b的高度相同，因此，所述熱致發聲元件102位於同一平面。 In the present embodiment, the material of the spacer member 714 is not limited, and may be an insulating material such as glass, ceramic, or resin, or may be a conductive material such as a metal, an alloy, or an indium tin oxide. When the spacer element 714 is a conductive material, it is electrically insulated from the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b, and, preferably, the spacer element 714 is parallel to the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b. The height of the spacer element 714 is not limited, and is preferably 10 micrometers to 1 centimeter. In this embodiment, the spacer element 714 is a filament-like silver formed by a screen printing method, and the height of the spacer element 714 is the same as the height of the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b, and is 20 micrometers. The spacer element 714 is disposed in parallel with the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b. Since the height of the spacer element 714 is the same as the height of the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b, the thermoacoustic elements 102 are located on the same plane.

所述熱致發聲元件102設置於間隔元件714、第一電極104a及第二電極104b。該熱致發聲元件102通過該間隔元件714與基底608間隔設置，且與該基底608形成有一空間701，該空間701係由所述第一電極104a或所述第二電極104b、所述間隔元件714、基底608以及熱致發聲元件102共同形成。進一步地，為防止熱致發聲元件102產生駐波，保持熱致發聲元件102良好的發聲效果，該熱致發聲元件102與基底608之間的距離優選為10微米~1厘米。本實施例中，由於第一電極104a、第二電極104b及間隔元件714的高度為20微米，所述熱致發聲元件102設置於第一電極104a、第二電極104b及間隔元件714，因此，該熱致發聲元件102與基底608之間的距離為20微米。 The thermoacoustic element 102 is disposed on the spacer element 714, the first electrode 104a, and the second electrode 104b. The thermoacoustic element 102 is spaced apart from the substrate 608 by the spacer element 714, and forms a space 701 with the substrate 608, the space 701 being the first electrode 104a or the second electrode 104b, the spacer element 714, substrate 608 and thermally audible element 102 are formed together. Further, in order to prevent the thermo-acoustic element 102 from generating standing waves, maintaining the good sound-generating effect of the thermo-acoustic element 102, the distance between the thermo-acoustic element 102 and the substrate 608 is preferably 10 micrometers to 1 centimeter. In this embodiment, since the heights of the first electrode 104a, the second electrode 104b, and the spacer element 714 are 20 micrometers, the thermoacoustic element 102 is disposed on the first electrode 104a, the second electrode 104b, and the spacer element 714. The distance between the thermoacoustic element 102 and the substrate 608 is 20 microns.

可以理解，第一電極104a和第二電極104b對熱致發聲元件102也有一定的支撐作用，但當第一電極104a和第二電極104b之間的距 離較大時，對熱致發聲元件102的支撐效果不佳，在第一電極104a和第二電極104b之間設置間隔元件714，可起到較好支撐熱致發聲元件102的作用，使熱致發聲元件102與基底608間隔設置並與基底608形成有一空間701，從而保證熱致發聲元件102具有良好的發聲效果。 It can be understood that the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b also have a certain supporting effect on the thermo-acoustic element 102, but the distance between the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b. When the distance is large, the supporting effect on the thermo-acoustic element 102 is not good, and the spacer element 714 is disposed between the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b, so as to better support the thermo-acoustic element 102, so that the heat is provided. The sound-emitting element 102 is spaced from the substrate 608 and forms a space 701 with the substrate 608 to ensure that the thermo-acoustic element 102 has a good sounding effect.

請參見圖22，本發明第八實施例提供一種熱致發聲裝置80。該熱致發聲裝置80包括至少一個致熱裝置和複數個熱致發聲元件。所述複數個熱致發聲元件的情況包括兩種：第一，該複數個熱致發聲元件的數量為至少兩個，熱致發聲元件之間沒有相互接觸；第二，該複數個熱致發聲元件的數量為一個，該熱致發聲元件設置於一具有曲面的基底上，使其法線方向為複數個或者該熱致發聲元件彎折後設置於不同的平面上。致熱裝置可以與熱致發聲元件一一對應，也可以一個致熱裝置對應複數個熱致發聲元件。該致熱裝置也可以為由對應所述複數個熱致發聲元件的複數個部位組成的一整體結構。本實施例中，該熱致發聲裝置80包括一第一致熱裝置804、一第二致熱裝置806、一基底208、一第一熱致發聲元件802a及一第二熱致發聲元件802b。 Referring to FIG. 22, an eighth embodiment of the present invention provides a thermal sound generating device 80. The thermoacoustic device 80 includes at least one pyrogenic device and a plurality of thermo-acoustic elements. The plurality of thermo-acoustic elements include two types: first, the number of the plurality of thermo-acoustic elements is at least two, and the thermo-acoustic elements are not in contact with each other; and second, the plurality of thermal-induced sounds The number of components is one, and the thermo-acoustic component is disposed on a substrate having a curved surface such that a plurality of normal directions are formed or the thermo-acoustic components are bent and disposed on different planes. The heating means may correspond to the thermo-acoustic elements one-to-one, or one heating means may correspond to a plurality of thermo-acoustic elements. The heating device may also be a unitary structure composed of a plurality of portions corresponding to the plurality of thermo-acoustic elements. In this embodiment, the thermo-acoustic device 80 includes a first heating device 804, a second heating device 806, a substrate 208, a first thermo-acoustic component 802a, and a second thermo-acoustic component 802b.

所述基底208包括一第一表面808a及一第二表面808b。所述基底208的形狀、尺寸及厚度均不限。所述第一表面808a和第二表面808b可為平面、曲面或凹凸不平的表面。第一表面808a和第二表面808b可以為相鄰的兩個表面，也可以為相對的兩個表面。本實施例中，所述基底208為一長方體結構，第一表面808a和第二表面808b為兩個相對的表面。所述基底208進一步包括複數個通孔810，該通孔810貫穿於第一表面808a和第二表面808b，從而使第 一表面808a和第二表面808b成為凹凸不平的表面。所述複數個通孔208a可以相互平行設置。 The substrate 208 includes a first surface 808a and a second surface 808b. The shape, size and thickness of the substrate 208 are not limited. The first surface 808a and the second surface 808b may be planar, curved, or rugged surfaces. The first surface 808a and the second surface 808b may be adjacent two surfaces or may be opposite surfaces. In this embodiment, the substrate 208 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the first surface 808a and the second surface 808b are two opposite surfaces. The substrate 208 further includes a plurality of through holes 810 extending through the first surface 808a and the second surface 808b, thereby enabling the first One surface 808a and the second surface 808b become uneven surfaces. The plurality of through holes 208a may be disposed in parallel with each other.

所述第一熱致發聲元件802a設置於基底208的第一表面808a上，並相對於該第一表面808a至少部分懸空設置。所述第二熱致發聲元件802b設置於第二表面808b上，並相對於第二表面808b至少部分懸空設置。所述第一熱致發聲元件802a為一複合膜，該複合膜與第一實施例所揭示的複合膜的性質相同。所述第二熱致發聲元件802b為一石墨烯膜、一奈米碳管層或該複合膜。所述奈米碳管層的結構與第一實施例中所揭示的奈米碳管層的結構相同。 The first thermo-acoustic component 802a is disposed on the first surface 808a of the substrate 208 and is at least partially suspended relative to the first surface 808a. The second thermal sounding element 802b is disposed on the second surface 808b and is at least partially suspended relative to the second surface 808b. The first thermo-acoustic element 802a is a composite film having the same properties as the composite film disclosed in the first embodiment. The second thermoacoustic element 802b is a graphene film, a carbon nanotube layer or the composite film. The structure of the carbon nanotube layer is the same as that of the carbon nanotube layer disclosed in the first embodiment.

所述第一致熱裝置804包括一第一電極104a及一第二電極104b。所述第一電極104a和第二電極104b分別與該第一熱致發聲元件802a電連接。本實施例中，第一電極104a和第二電極104b分別設置於第一熱致發聲元件802a的表面，並與該第一熱致發聲元件802a的兩個相對的邊齊平。所述第二致熱裝置806包括一第一電極104a及一第二電極104b。所述第一電極104a和第二電極104b分別與該第二熱致發聲元件802b電連接。本實施例中，第一電極104a和第二電極104b分別設置於第二熱致發聲元件802b的表面，並與該第一熱致發聲元件802a的兩個相對的邊齊平。 The first heating device 804 includes a first electrode 104a and a second electrode 104b. The first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b are electrically connected to the first thermo-acoustic element 802a, respectively. In this embodiment, the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b are respectively disposed on the surface of the first thermo-acoustic element 802a and flush with two opposite sides of the first thermo-acoustic element 802a. The second heating device 806 includes a first electrode 104a and a second electrode 104b. The first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b are electrically connected to the second thermo-acoustic element 802b, respectively. In this embodiment, the first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b are respectively disposed on the surface of the second thermo-acoustic element 802b and are flush with the opposite sides of the first thermo-acoustic element 802a.

本實施例所提供的熱致發聲裝置80為雙面發聲裝置，通過在兩個不同的表面上設置熱致發聲元件，可以使熱致發聲元件所發出的聲音傳播範圍更大且更清晰。可以通過控制致熱裝置選擇讓任何一個熱致發聲元件發出聲音，或者同時發出聲音，使該熱致發聲裝置的使用範圍更加廣泛。進一步地，當一個熱致發聲元件出現故障時，另一個熱致發聲元件可以繼續工作，提高了該熱致發聲 裝置的使用壽命。 The thermo-acoustic device 80 provided in this embodiment is a double-sided sounding device, and by providing a thermo-acoustic component on two different surfaces, the range of sound emitted by the thermo-acoustic component can be made larger and clearer. It is possible to control the heating device to make any of the thermoacoustic elements emit sound, or to simultaneously emit sound, so that the thermoacoustic device can be used in a wider range. Further, when a thermo-acoustic element fails, another thermo-acoustic element can continue to work, improving the thermal audible sound The service life of the device.

請參見圖23，本發明第九實施例提供一種熱致發聲裝置90。所述熱致發聲裝置90包括一基底908，複數個熱致發聲元件102及複數個致熱裝置104。所述基底908包括複數個表面(圖未標)，每個熱致發聲元件102對應設置於一個表面上，熱致發聲元件102和致熱裝置104為一一對應關係。本實施例所提供的熱致發聲裝置90與第八實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置80的結構基本相同，其區別在於，本實施例所提供的熱致發聲裝置90為一多面發聲裝置。 Referring to FIG. 23, a ninth embodiment of the present invention provides a thermo-acoustic device 90. The thermo-acoustic device 90 includes a substrate 908, a plurality of thermo-acoustic elements 102, and a plurality of heating devices 104. The substrate 908 includes a plurality of surfaces (not labeled), and each of the thermo-acoustic elements 102 is disposed on a surface, and the thermo-acoustic element 102 and the heating device 104 have a one-to-one correspondence. The thermo-acoustic device 90 of the present embodiment is substantially identical in structure to the thermo-acoustic device 80 of the eighth embodiment, except that the thermo-acoustic device 90 provided in this embodiment is a multi-faceted sounding device.

本實施例中，所述基底908為一長方體結構，其包括四個不同的表面，該四個不同的表面為凹凸不平的表面。所述熱致發聲裝置90包括四個熱致發聲元件102，其中至少一個熱致發聲元件102為一複合膜，另外的熱致發聲元件102可以為石墨烯膜或者奈米碳管層。 In this embodiment, the substrate 908 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure comprising four different surfaces, the four different surfaces being rugged surfaces. The thermo-acoustic device 90 includes four thermo-acoustic elements 102, wherein at least one of the thermo-acoustic elements 102 is a composite film, and the other thermo-acoustic elements 102 may be a graphene film or a carbon nanotube layer.

每個致熱裝置104分別包括一個第一電極104a和一個第二電極104b。第一電極104a和第二電極104b分別與一個熱致發聲元件102電連接。 Each of the heating devices 104 includes a first electrode 104a and a second electrode 104b, respectively. The first electrode 104a and the second electrode 104b are electrically connected to a thermo-acoustic element 102, respectively.

本實施例所提供的熱致發聲裝置90可以實現向複數個方向傳播聲音。 The thermo-acoustic device 90 provided in this embodiment can realize the propagation of sound in a plurality of directions.

請參見圖24，本發明第十實施例提供一種熱致發聲裝置100。該熱致發聲裝置100包括一熱致發聲元件102、一基底208及一致熱裝置1004。所述熱致發聲元件102設置於所述基底208。本實施例所提供的熱致發聲裝置100與第二實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置20的結構基本相同，其區別在於，本實施例所提供的熱致發聲裝置 100中，致熱裝置1004為一雷射器，或其他電磁波信號發聲裝置。從該致熱裝置1004發出的電磁波信號1020傳遞至該熱致發聲元件102，該熱致發聲元件102發聲。 Referring to FIG. 24, a tenth embodiment of the present invention provides a thermo-acoustic device 100. The thermoacoustic device 100 includes a thermo-acoustic component 102, a substrate 208, and a uniform thermal device 1004. The thermally audible element 102 is disposed on the substrate 208. The thermo-acoustic device 100 of the present embodiment is basically the same as the thermo-acoustic device 20 of the second embodiment, and the difference is that the thermo-acoustic device provided by the embodiment In 100, the heating device 1004 is a laser, or other electromagnetic wave signal sounding device. The electromagnetic wave signal 1020 emitted from the heating device 1004 is transmitted to the thermo-acoustic element 102, and the thermo-acoustic element 102 sounds.

該致熱裝置1004可正對該熱致發聲元件102設置。當致熱裝置1004為一雷射器時，當該基底208為透明基板時，該雷射器可對應於該基底208遠離該熱致發聲元件102的表面設置，從而使從雷射器發出的雷射穿過基底208傳遞至該熱致發聲元件102。另外，當該致熱裝置1004發出的係一電磁波信號時，該電磁波信號可透過基底208傳遞至該熱致發聲元件102，此時，該致熱裝置1004也可以對應於該基底208遠離該熱致發聲元件102的表面設置。 The heat generating device 1004 can be disposed on the thermoacoustic element 102. When the heating device 1004 is a laser, when the substrate 208 is a transparent substrate, the laser can be disposed away from the surface of the substrate 208 away from the thermo-acoustic element 102, thereby causing the laser to be emitted from the laser. Laser light is transmitted through the substrate 208 to the thermoacoustic element 102. In addition, when the electromagnetic device 1004 emits an electromagnetic wave signal, the electromagnetic wave signal can be transmitted to the thermo-acoustic component 102 through the substrate 208. At this time, the heating device 1004 can also correspond to the substrate 208 away from the heat. The surface of the sound producing element 102 is disposed.

本實施例的熱致發聲裝置100中，當熱致發聲元件102受到如雷射等電磁波的照射時，該熱致發聲元件102因吸收電磁波的能量而受激發，並通過非輻射使吸收的光能全部或部分轉變為熱。該熱致發聲元件102溫度根據電磁波信號1020頻率及強度的變化而變化，並和周圍的空氣或其他氣體或液體介質進行迅速的熱交換，從而使其周圍介質的溫度也產生等頻率的變化，造成周圍介質迅速的膨脹和收縮，從而發出聲音。 In the thermoacoustic device 100 of the present embodiment, when the thermoacoustic element 102 is irradiated with an electromagnetic wave such as a laser, the thermoacoustic element 102 is excited by absorbing the energy of the electromagnetic wave, and the absorbed light is absorbed by the non-radiation. Can be converted to heat in whole or in part. The temperature of the thermoacoustic element 102 changes according to the frequency and intensity of the electromagnetic wave signal 1020, and is rapidly exchanged with the surrounding air or other gas or liquid medium, so that the temperature of the surrounding medium also changes with the frequency. Causes the surrounding medium to expand and contract rapidly, thereby making a sound.

由於該熱致發聲裝置的工作原理為將一定形式的能量以極快的速度轉換為熱量，並和周圍氣體或液體介質進行快速的熱交換，從而使該介質膨脹及收縮，從而發出聲音。可以理解，所述能量形式不局限於電能或光能，該致熱裝置也不局限於上述實施例中的電極或電磁波信號發生器，任何可以使該熱致發聲元件發熱，並按照音頻變化加熱周圍介質的裝置均可看作一致熱裝置，並在本發明保護範圍內。 Since the thermoacoustic device works by converting a certain form of energy into heat at an extremely fast rate and performing rapid heat exchange with the surrounding gas or liquid medium, the medium expands and contracts to emit sound. It can be understood that the energy form is not limited to electric energy or light energy, and the heating device is not limited to the electrode or electromagnetic wave signal generator in the above embodiment, and any of the thermo-acoustic elements can be heated and heated according to audio changes. The means of surrounding medium can be considered as a consistent thermal device and is within the scope of the present invention.

本發明中的複合膜具有較好的韌性和機械強度，所以複合膜可方便地製成各種形狀和尺寸的熱致發聲裝置。本發明的熱致發聲裝置不僅單獨可以作為揚聲器使用，也可方便地應用於各種需要發聲裝置的電子裝置中。該熱致發聲裝置可以內置於電子裝置殼體中或者殼體外表面，作為電子裝置的發聲單元。該熱致發聲裝置可以取代電子裝置的傳統的發聲單元，也可以與傳統發聲單元組合使用。該熱致發聲裝置可以與電子裝置的其他電子元件公用電源或公用處理器等，也可以通過有線或無線的方式與電子裝置連接，有線的方式比如通過信號傳輸線與電子裝置的USB介面等結合，無線的方式比如通過藍牙方式與電子裝置連接。該熱致發聲裝置也可以安裝或集成在電子裝置的顯示幕上，作為電子裝置的發聲單元。該電子裝置可以為音響、手機、MP3、MP4、遊戲機、數碼相機、數碼攝像機、電視或電腦等。例如，當電子裝置為手機時，由於本實施例提供的熱致發聲裝置為一透明的結構，該熱致發聲裝置可以通過機械固定方式或者黏結劑貼合在手機顯示幕的表面。當電子裝置為MP3時，該熱致發聲裝置可以內置於MP3中，與MP3內部的電路板電連接，當MP3通電時，該熱致發聲裝置可以發出聲音。可以理解，本發明所提供的熱致發聲發聲裝置也可以直接替代先前電子裝置中的發聲元件應用於電子裝置中，由於本發明的熱致發聲裝置為無磁結構，具有較小的體積和重量，因此，當其替代先前的發聲裝置用在電子裝置中時，可以使電子裝置的重量減輕，同時也可以使電子裝置具有更小的體積或具備超薄的結構。 The composite film of the present invention has good toughness and mechanical strength, so that the composite film can be conveniently fabricated into thermoacoustic devices of various shapes and sizes. The thermoacoustic device of the present invention can be used not only as a speaker alone but also in various electronic devices requiring a sounding device. The thermo-acoustic device can be built in the housing of the electronic device or on the outer surface of the housing as a sounding unit of the electronic device. The thermoacoustic device can replace the conventional sounding unit of the electronic device, or can be used in combination with a conventional sounding unit. The thermal sound generating device can be connected to other electronic components of the electronic device, a public power source, a utility processor, or the like, or can be connected to the electronic device through a wired or wireless manner, such as by a signal transmission line and a USB interface of the electronic device. The wireless method is connected to the electronic device, for example, via Bluetooth. The thermoacoustic device can also be mounted or integrated on the display screen of the electronic device as a sounding unit of the electronic device. The electronic device can be an audio, a mobile phone, an MP3, an MP4, a game console, a digital camera, a digital video camera, a television or a computer. For example, when the electronic device is a mobile phone, since the thermo-acoustic device provided by the embodiment is a transparent structure, the thermo-acoustic device can be attached to the surface of the display screen of the mobile phone by mechanical fixing or adhesive. When the electronic device is an MP3, the thermo-acoustic device can be built in the MP3 and electrically connected to the circuit board inside the MP3. When the MP3 is powered on, the thermo-acoustic device can emit sound. It can be understood that the thermoacoustic sounding device provided by the present invention can also directly replace the sound emitting component in the prior electronic device in the electronic device. Since the thermoacoustic device of the present invention has a non-magnetic structure, has a small volume and weight. Therefore, when it is used in the electronic device instead of the previous sounding device, the weight of the electronic device can be reduced, and the electronic device can be made smaller or have an ultra-thin structure.

綜上所述，本發明確已符合發明專利之要件，遂依法提出專利申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施例，自不能以此限制 本案之申請專利範圍。舉凡熟悉本案技藝之人士援依本發明之精神所作之等效修飾或變化，皆應涵蓋於以下申請專利範圍內。 In summary, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and has filed a patent application according to law. However, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and cannot be limited by this. The scope of the patent application in this case. Equivalent modifications or variations made by persons skilled in the art in light of the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.

40‧‧‧熱致發聲裝置 40‧‧‧Hot-induced sounding device

102‧‧‧熱致發聲元件 102‧‧‧Hot-induced sounding components

104‧‧‧致熱裝置 104‧‧‧heating device

104a‧‧‧第一電極 104a‧‧‧first electrode

104b‧‧‧第二電極 104b‧‧‧second electrode

408‧‧‧基底 408‧‧‧Base

408a‧‧‧第一線狀結構 408a‧‧‧First linear structure

408b‧‧‧第二線狀結構 408b‧‧‧Second linear structure

408c‧‧‧網孔 408c‧‧‧ mesh

Claims (25)

一種熱致發聲裝置，其包括：一基底，該基底為一網狀結構；一熱致發聲元件設置於該基底的表面；一致熱裝置用於向該熱致發聲元件提供能量使該熱致發聲元件產生熱量；其改良在於，所述基底包括至少一線狀結構，所述至少一線狀結構包括一奈米碳管線狀結構及設置於該奈米碳管線狀結構表面的絕緣層，所述熱致發聲元件包括一複合膜，該複合膜包括相互層疊設置的至少一奈米碳管層和至少一石墨烯膜。 A thermo-acoustic device comprising: a substrate, the substrate being a mesh structure; a thermo-acoustic component disposed on a surface of the substrate; and a thermal device for providing energy to the thermo-acoustic component to cause the thermo-acoustic The component generates heat; the improvement is that the substrate comprises at least one linear structure, and the at least one linear structure comprises a nano carbon line-like structure and an insulating layer disposed on a surface of the nanocarbon line-like structure, the heat-induced The sounding element comprises a composite film comprising at least one carbon nanotube layer and at least one graphene film laminated to each other. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述石墨烯膜包括多層石墨烯，該多層石墨烯相互搭接或者相互疊加設置。 The thermoacoustic device according to claim 1, wherein the graphene film comprises a plurality of layers of graphene which are overlapped with each other or stacked on each other. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述石墨烯膜為單層石墨烯。 The thermoacoustic device according to claim 1, wherein the graphene film is a single layer of graphene. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述石墨烯膜的厚度為0.34奈米至10奈米。 The thermoacoustic device according to claim 1, wherein the graphene film has a thickness of from 0.34 nm to 10 nm. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述奈米碳管層與所述石墨烯膜重疊設置。 The thermoacoustic device according to claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotube layer is disposed to overlap the graphene film. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述奈米碳管層由複數個奈米碳管通過凡得瓦力相互連接組成。 The thermoacoustic device according to claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotube layer is composed of a plurality of carbon nanotubes connected to each other by van der Waals force. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述奈米碳管層為一自支撐結構，所述石墨烯膜通過所述奈米碳管層支撐。 The thermoacoustic device according to claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotube layer is a self-supporting structure, and the graphene film is supported by the carbon nanotube layer. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述奈米碳管層中具 有複數個微孔，該微孔由奈米碳管之間的間隙形成。 The thermoacoustic device according to claim 7, wherein the carbon nanotube layer has There are a plurality of micropores which are formed by a gap between the carbon nanotubes. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述奈米碳管層的複數個微孔被所述石墨烯膜覆蓋。 The thermoacoustic device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of micropores of the carbon nanotube layer are covered by the graphene film. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述複合膜包括多層奈米碳管層和多層石墨烯膜，該多層奈米碳管層和該多層石墨烯膜交替層疊設置。 The thermoacoustic device according to claim 1, wherein the composite film comprises a multilayer carbon nanotube layer and a multilayer graphene film, and the multilayer carbon nanotube layer and the multilayer graphene film are alternately stacked. . 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述基底包括複數個第一線狀結構和複數個第二線狀結構，該複數個第一線狀結構和該複數個第二線狀結構相互交叉設置，所述第一線狀結構包括該奈米碳管線狀結構及設置於該奈米碳管線狀結構表面的絕緣層。 The thermoacoustic device according to claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises a plurality of first linear structures and a plurality of second linear structures, the plurality of first linear structures and the plurality of The two linear structures are disposed to intersect each other, and the first linear structure includes the nanocarbon line-like structure and an insulating layer disposed on a surface of the nanocarbon line-like structure. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述第二線狀結構包括一奈米碳管線狀結構及設置於該奈米碳管線狀結構表面的絕緣層。 The thermo-acoustic device according to claim 11, wherein the second linear structure comprises a nanocarbon line-like structure and an insulating layer disposed on a surface of the nanocarbon line-like structure. 如申請專利範圍第11項或12項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述奈米碳管線狀結構包括至少一根奈米碳管線，該奈米碳管線包括複數個奈米碳管。 The thermoacoustic device according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the nanocarbon line-like structure comprises at least one nanocarbon line, the nanocarbon line comprising a plurality of carbon nanotubes. 如申請專利範圍第13項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述奈米碳管線中的奈米碳管首尾相連且奈米碳管的延伸方向平行於奈米碳管線的軸向方向。 The thermoacoustic device according to claim 13, wherein the carbon nanotubes in the nanocarbon line are connected end to end and the carbon nanotubes extend in a direction parallel to an axial direction of the carbon nanotube. 如申請專利範圍第13項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述奈米碳管線中的奈米碳管首尾相連且螺旋纏繞。 The thermo-acoustic device according to claim 13, wherein the carbon nanotubes in the nanocarbon line are connected end to end and spirally wound. 如申請專利範圍第13項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述奈米碳管線為由該複數個奈米碳管組成的純結構。 The thermoacoustic device according to claim 13, wherein the nanocarbon line is a pure structure composed of the plurality of carbon nanotubes. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述基底包括複數個網孔，該熱致發聲元件相對於該網孔懸空設置。 The thermoacoustic device of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises a plurality of meshes, the thermally audible elements being suspended relative to the mesh. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述致熱裝置包括一 第一電極和一第二電極分別與該熱致發聲元件電連接。 The thermoacoustic device of claim 1, wherein the heating device comprises a The first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected to the thermo-acoustic element, respectively. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述致熱裝置為一電磁波信號發生裝置。 The thermoacoustic device according to claim 1, wherein the heating device is an electromagnetic wave signal generating device. 如申請專利範圍第19項所述之熱致發聲裝置，其中，所述致熱裝置為一雷射器。 The thermoacoustic device of claim 19, wherein the heating device is a laser. 一種電子裝置，其中，該電子裝置包括如申請專利範圍第1項至20項任意一項所述之熱致發聲裝置。 An electronic device, wherein the electronic device comprises the thermo-acoustic device according to any one of claims 1 to 20. 如申請專利範圍第21項所述之電子裝置，其中，所述熱致發聲裝置內置於該電子裝置中或者直接設置於該電子裝置的外殼。 The electronic device of claim 21, wherein the thermo-acoustic device is built in the electronic device or directly disposed on an outer casing of the electronic device. 如申請專利範圍第21項所述之電子裝置，其中，所述熱致發聲裝置通過USB介面與該電子裝置連接或者通過藍牙與該電子裝置無線連接。 The electronic device of claim 21, wherein the thermo-acoustic device is connected to the electronic device via a USB interface or wirelessly connected to the electronic device via Bluetooth. 如申請專利範圍第21項所述之電子裝置，其中，所述電子裝置包括音響、手機、MP3、MP4、遊戲機、數碼相機、數碼攝像機、電視或電腦。 The electronic device of claim 21, wherein the electronic device comprises an audio, a mobile phone, an MP3, an MP4, a game machine, a digital camera, a digital video camera, a television or a computer. 如申請專利範圍第21項所述之電子裝置，其中，該電子裝置進一步包括一顯示幕，所述熱致發聲裝置設置於該顯示幕的表面。 The electronic device of claim 21, wherein the electronic device further comprises a display screen, the thermal sound generating device being disposed on a surface of the display screen.