TWI392300B - 用於復原在無線電信網路上傳送的數位資料信號之設備及方法及機器可讀取媒體 - Google Patents

用於復原在無線電信網路上傳送的數位資料信號之設備及方法及機器可讀取媒體 Download PDF

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TWI392300B
TWI392300B TW096110315A TW96110315A TWI392300B TW I392300 B TWI392300 B TW I392300B TW 096110315 A TW096110315 A TW 096110315A TW 96110315 A TW96110315 A TW 96110315A TW I392300 B TWI392300 B TW I392300B
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Kiley Birmingham
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Airbiquity Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/02—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using spectral analysis, e.g. transform vocoders or subband vocoders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
    • H04L1/1835—Buffer management
    • H04L1/1845—Combining techniques, e.g. code combining
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06—Receivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06—Receivers
    • H04B1/10—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M11/00—Telephonic communication systems specially adapted for combination with other electrical systems
    • H04M11/06—Simultaneous speech and data transmission, e.g. telegraphic transmission over the same conductors
    • H04M11/066—Telephone sets adapted for data transmision

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  • Computational Linguistics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
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  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
  • Transmission Systems Not Characterized By The Medium Used For Transmission (AREA)
  • Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)

Description

用於復原在無線電信網路上傳送的數位資料信號之設備及方法及機器可讀取媒體
本申請案主張於2006年4月7日所申請，標題為「Time Diversity Voice Channel Data Communications」之美國臨時專利申請案第60/790,225號的優先權，茲將該揭示依其整體以參照方式併入本案。
本申請案係有關於無線電信，並且特別是有關於在一無線電信網路之數位語音頻道上所傳送的數位資料之時間分集合併處理。
許多用於行動及地面線路電話網路之電信元件係經設計以在語音通訊頻道上有效率地傳送語音信號。例如，一數位語音編碼器(vocoder)是利用線性預測性編碼技術以表示語音信號。而在該語音頻道上加以傳送之前，在當壓縮並估計該等語音信號的頻率成分時，這些線性預測性編碼器係先濾除雜訊(非語音信號)。
有時係希望在一無線電信網路上傳送音訊信號及數位資料兩者。例如，當一行動電話使用者撥叫「911」以尋求緊急協助時，該使用者或會希望在與用以按話語方式對話務人員解釋緊急情況的相同頻道上，將數位位置資料發送至一通話中心。然而，想要在一無線網路之語音頻道上傳送數位資料信號可為困難，因為該等信號係受到多種失真問題所影響。
例如，一在一無線網路之語音頻道上行進的數位資料信號係被因該語音壓縮演算法所造成的語音編碼器效應而失真。此外，數位資料信號係因不良RF條件及/或沉重網路訊務所造成的網路效應而失真。這些失真問題引入位元錯誤，而這些可利用像是前向錯誤校正(FEC)與位元序列之重複性傳輸作業的技術所克服。
由於存在有多種語音編碼器(即如EVRC、AMR等等)以及眾多可能的網路條件，因此要事前預測出語音頻道之品質以及相關的位元錯誤率殊屬不易。從而，要設計一種能夠將用於錯誤校正作業之開支(overhead)位元數量最小化的有效率FEC法則，而同時在低品質頻道環境下提供可接受的傳輸效能，係很困難。例如，一對於錯誤校正作業具有數量微少之開支位元的FEC法則在一具微少錯誤需予校正之高品質頻道上或能提供可接受的效能，然而若是該頻率品質劣化，則在成功地遞送一特定資訊序列而無錯誤之前，位元錯誤的數量或係先增加至一要求眾多冗餘重新傳輸作業的水準。
可藉由本申請案實施例以解決前述相關於現有系統的缺點，而可依閱讀並研討下列說明書之方式瞭解該等本申請案實施例。
一種具有一時間分集合併元件之接收器可將一在一數位無線電信網路之語音頻道上所傳送的數位資料信號加以復原。一特性擷取模組收到一將該數位信號編碼的音訊頻率波形，並且產生一代表該數位資料信號之特性向量。一位元序列估計模組分析該特性向量，並且產生一對應於該數位資料信號的估計位元序列。若該估計位元序列含有錯誤，則一記憶體儲存該特性向量。一時間分集合併元件可合併於一或更多經儲存在該記憶體內之特性向量而藉由對該第一特性向量進行分析，以產生一第二估計位元序列。
由本發明較佳實施例之後載實施方式的詳細說明，而參照於隨附圖式，將即可顯知本發明之前揭及其他的特性與優點。
底下的說明係參照於構成本發明之一部分的隨附圖式，並且其中僅按可實施本發明之特定實施例的範例方式所顯示。該等實施例係描述足夠詳細，以讓熟習本項技術者能夠實施本發明，並且應瞭解確可運用其他實施例，同時可進行各種變化而不致悖離本發明之精神與範圍。因而底下的詳細說明並不應被視為具有限制性質。
現參照於圖1，一無線通訊網路12表示一行動電話14，此者可接收來自一使用者23的語音信號22。在該行動電話14內之一語音編碼器(Vocoder)18將該等語音信號22編碼成經編碼數位語音信號31，然後在一無線數位語音頻道34(細胞通話)上傳送。該行動電話14將該等經編碼語音信號31傳送至一細胞式通訊站台(細胞站台)36，而此者可將該細胞通話中繼傳送至一「細胞式電信交換系統(CTSS)」38。
該CTSS 38可將該細胞通話連接至另一位於該無線細胞式網路12內的行動電話；按如一電路交換通話而連接至一在一PSTN網路42上之地面線電路電話；或者是按如一「IP上語音(VOIP)」通話而在一封包式交換「網際網路協定(IP)」網路46上路由傳送該細胞通話。該細胞通話亦可自該PSTN網路42路由傳送回返至該細胞式網路12，或者從該PSTN網路42傳送至該IP網路46，或反是。而細胞通話最終係抵達一對應於一在該行動電話14處原先所輸入之目的地電話號碼的電話44。
一「帶內訊令(IBS)」數據機28可讓該行動電話14能夠在該數位語音頻道34上自一資料來源30傳送數位資料29。該IBS數據機28將該數位資料29調變為經合成之數位資料訊調26。即如本文中所使用者，該詞彙「數位資料訊調」是指經調變以編碼該等數位資料位元加以的音頻訊調。該等數位資料訊調26可防止該細胞式網路12內的編碼元件，像是語音編碼器18，過度地損毀該數位資料。在該IBS數據機28內所使用的編碼及調變法則可讓該數位資料29能夠藉由在該行動電話14之內用以將語音信號22編碼的相同語音編碼器18傳送。該IBS數據機28可讓該等語音信號22及數位資料29能夠在該相同數位語音頻道上利用相同的行動電話電路所傳送。這可讓一使用者無須利用一個別無線數據機來傳送數位資料，並且讓一行動電話使用者能夠在相同的數位無線通話過程中進行對談並發送資料。該數位資料29被調變成在該語音頻帶之內的音訊信號。這可防止該行動電話語音編碼器18不致於濾除或是過度地損毀與該數位資料29相關的二進位數值。可利用相同的行動電話收發器及編碼電路以傳送及接收語音信號與數位信號兩者。這可讓該IBS數據機28能夠比起單立式無線數據機而更為微小、較低複雜度及更具能源效益。在一些實施例裡，該IBS數據機28係僅利用在該行動電話14內的現有硬體元件而完全按軟體所實施。
一或更多伺服器40可位在該無線網路12、該PSTN網路42或該IP網路46裡的任何各種位置處。各個伺服器40含有一或更多的IBS數據機28，可編碼、偵測及解碼在該數位語音頻道34上所傳送及接收的數位資料29。經解碼之數位音訊訊調26係在該伺服器40上處理，或路由傳送至另一電腦，像是電腦50。
圖2顯示一由一IBS數據機28所傳送且接收之經合成數位資料訊調26的示範性實施例。在所述實施例裡，該IBS數據機28是運用一種二進位頻率位移鍵(FSK)調變法則，其中該數位資料29的各個位元被轉換兩種不同訊調之一者。在其他實施例裡，可運用其他各種適當的調變法則。例如，該IBS數據機28可採用一種4訊調FSK法則，其中是將一不同正弦頻率指配予四種可能的四分數值之各者(由二位元序列所表示：「00」、「01」、「10」及「11」)。或另者，可採用一種二進位相位位移鍵(PSK)調變法則，其中二進位「0」代表一具有特定頻率而按一0度相位之正弦的週期，而二進位「1」則代表一具有該相同頻率然擁有一90度相位之正弦的週期。
現再度參照於圖2中所顯示之二進位FSK範例，按一f1 頻率產生一第一訊調並且代表一二進位「1」值，同時按一f0 頻率產生一第二訊調並且代表一二進位「0」值。對於在該傳輸序列裡的各個位元，該傳送器係在該一個位元區間的時段上發送一具有頻率f1 (對於一「1」)或頻率f0 (對於一「0」)的正弦波。在一些實施例裡，該等f1 及f0 頻率是落在約200赫茲(Hz)至3500赫茲的範圍內，此範圍係經發現為一用以產生代表該等二進位位元值之資料訊調26的有效頻率範圍。例如，在一實施例裡，該f1 頻率係約500赫茲，並且該f0 頻率係約900赫茲。而在另一實施例裡，該f1 頻率約為2100赫茲，並且該f0 頻率約為2500赫茲。該IBS數據機28含有正弦及餘弦表，可用來產生表示該等f1 及f0 頻率之不同振幅及相位值的數位值。
在一些實施例裡，該數位資料係按一約100位元/秒至約500位元/秒之範圍內的鮑率(Baud Rate)，而在該數位語音頻道34上輸出，此範圍係經發現為一可防止由廣泛各種行動電話語音編碼器造成數位音訊資料毀損的有效鮑率範圍。例如，在一實施例裡，該數位資料是按一400位元/秒的鮑率在該數位語音頻道34上輸出。在此實施例裡，對於各個頻率f1 及f0 訊調的正弦波形是在零振幅點開始及結束，並且繼續一約2.5毫秒的時段。按一每秒8000樣本的取樣速率，可對於各個數位資料訊調產生出20個樣本。
圖3說明一，根據本申請案之一實施例，在該無線通訊網路12之數位語音頻道34上傳送一數位資料封包70的處理程序，此者可實施出時間分集合併處理。在所述之實施例裡，該數位資料封包70包含一具有K位元的序列，而這些可代表一具有較長訊息酬載的單一封包或訊框。可利用廣泛各種適當技術，例如像是於2004年2月10申請，標題為「In－Band Signaling For Data Communications Over Digital Wireless Telecommunications Network」之美國專利第6,690,681號案文所述者，茲將該案以參照方式併入本案，以將該訊息酬載細分為具各種大小及格式的封包。在一些實施例裡，各個資料封包70含有約100個資料位元(亦即K100)，這些可依照所選定封包化協定而定，含有多項標頭位元、同步樣式位元、總和檢查位元、封包後文位元等等。
該區塊200將多個錯誤偵測開支位元，像是一循環冗餘檢查(CRC)碼，增入至該待予傳送的數位資料封包70內。這可產生一具有M個位元的資料序列，其中(M－K)代表該等錯誤偵測開支位元的數量。在一些實施例裡，該區塊200增入約16個錯誤偵測開支位元(亦即M－L16)。該區塊205可將多個錯誤校正開支位元，例如像是Bose－Chaudhuri－Hocquenghem(BCH)碼、Reed－Solomon碼或迴旋錯誤校正碼，增入至該M－位元資料序列內。這可產生一具有N個位元的完整傳輸序列，其中(N－M)代表錯誤校正開支位元的數量。在一些實施例裡，一完整傳輸序列含有總共約186個位元(亦即N186)，以及約70個錯誤校正開支位元(亦即N－M70)。
該區塊210將該N－位元資料序列調變為含有一適於在該數位語音頻道34上進行傳輸之語音頻帶音訊信號的經合成數位資料訊調26。在傳輸之後，該區塊215將該等數位資料訊調26解調變，並且產生一特性向量，此者可用以產生對於該所傳資料序列的估計值。而即如後文中所進一步詳述，若該特性向量含有錯誤，則該區塊220可藉由在稍早前所傳送之相同N－位元資料序列的先前特性向量225(若確存在)，以執行該特性向量的時間分集合併處理。
區塊230執行經解調變之N－位元資料序列的錯誤校正作業，並且該區塊235執行所獲N－位元估計資料序列的錯誤偵測作業。可利用熟習本項技術者所眾知的廣泛各種適當技術來進行該等錯誤校正及錯誤偵測作業。若並未偵測出無錯誤，則可將該K－位元數位資料序列遞送至其所欲接收者。否則，係在該無線電信網路12之數位語音頻道34上重新傳送該數位資料封包70。
圖4A說明一傳統接收器300，其中含有一特性擷取模組310及一位元序列估計模組320。即如在此所使用者，該詞彙「模組」可指任何用以執行該(等)標定功能之軟體、韌體或硬體的組合。考量到可在一相較於隨附說明者而更多或更少數量的模組內具體實施由該等在此所描述之模組所執行的功能。例如，可藉由操作多個模組以執行一單一功能，或者可由相同模組執行一個以上的功能。此外，所述模組可常駐於一單一位置處，或是位於不同而透過一有線或無線電信網路而連接之位置處。
即如圖4A所述，在時間t1 處，該特性擷取模組310收到一第一解調變信號。此解調變信號包含一正弦波形，而經細分為一系列的序列位元間隔。該特性擷取模組310可獨立地處理在各位元間隔內的波形，並且循序地產生一第一特性向量X。一般說來，一特性向量包含一組為估計所傳位元序列之目的，而對該經解調變信號所執行的測量作業。
例如，在實施一個二進位FSK調變法則的實施例裡，即如圖2所示，該特性向量包含一序列的傅利葉數值。對於各個位元間隔(即如按400位元/秒之鮑率為2.5毫秒)，該特性擷取模組310對於各個頻率f1 及f0 計算出一傅利葉數值。這兩項數值分別地表如S(f1 )及S(f0 )。然後，將S(f1 )－S(f0 )的量值標註為Xi ，即對於第i個位元間隔的「軟值」。而N個軟值的序列，(X1 ,X2 ,X3 ,...,XN )，則代表該N－位元資料序列的特性向量。
在其他實施例裡，特性向量可包含其他各種適當的測量作業。例如，在實施一二進位PSK調變法則的實施例裡，該特性擷取模組310計算一於所收波形與兩個正弦波之各者，一為具有一相位0度者而一為具有一相位90度者，間的相互關連值。這兩項相關值分別地表示為SQ 及SI 。然後將SQ －SI 的量值記錄為Xi ，此即為對於第i個位元間隔「軟值」。
將該特性向量X遞交給該位元序列估計模組320，此者分析該特性向量X並產生一相對應估計位元序列。在前述的二進位FSK範例裡，對於各個位元間隔之S(f1 )的數值是正比於該相對應位元為二進位「1」的可能性，而S(f0 )的數值則是正比於該相對應位元為二進位「0」的可能性。因此，若Xi，或S(f1 )－S(f0 )，為正值，則該位元序列估計模組320將該估計位元序列的第i個位元指定為二進位「1」值；否則將該第i個位元指定為二進位「0」值。
該位元序列估計模組320的目標是估計由該特性向量X所表示的最可能位元序列。在一些實施例裡，該位元序列估計模組320是如前述般一次一個位元地施用一項決策規則。在其他實施例裡，可運用不同的位元序列估計技術。例如，當對一迴旋碼進行解碼時，各個個別位元決策是受到自鄰近位元週期之觀察所影響。
在有些情況下，由該位元序列估計模組320所產生出的估計位元序列含有錯誤，並且該序列無法通過該序列錯誤偵測檢查。在這些情況下，圖4A中所示之傳統接收器300將拋除第一個特性向量X，並且等待重新傳輸該N－位元資料序列。
在時間t2 ，該特性擷取模組310收到一第二解調變信號，此者含有該原始N－位元資料序列的重複傳輸。然後，該特性擷取模組310產生一第二特性向量Y。由於該傳統接收器300拋除該第一特性向量X，因此該位元序列估計模組320獨立於該第一特性向量X而分析該第二特性向量Y。若該第二估計位元序列亦具有錯誤，則將重複該處理程序一直到在該無線網路12上收到該N－位元資料序列的無錯誤拷貝或是該傳輸時間逾期為止。
圖4B說明一接收器330，其中根據本申請案之實施例，含有一特性擷取模組340，以及一含有一時間分集合併元件360的位元序列估計模組350。按一類似於該傳統接收器300的方式，在時間t1 處，該特性擷取模組340收到一第一解調變信號，此者產生一代表該解調變信號的第一特性向量X。然後將該特性向量X遞交至該位元序列估計模組350，此者分析該特性向量X並且如前述般產生一估計位元序列。在圖4B所示之範例裡，該估計位元序列含有錯誤。然而，該接收器330並不拋除該特性向量X。相反地，該接收器330將該第一特性向量X儲存於記憶體之內，以供稍後由該時間分集合併元件360加以運用。
在時間t2 處，該特性擷取模組310收到一第二解調變信號，此者含有該原始N－位元資料序列的重複傳輸。然後該特性擷取模組310產生一第二特性向量Y。若該基於該第二特性向量Y的估計位元序列含有錯誤，則該時間分集合併元件360可有利地分析該第二特性向量Y結合該經儲存在記憶體內之第一特性向量X。因此，該位元序列估計模組350可依據該等特性向量X及Y的組合產生一額外的估計位元序列。
在一些實施例裡，可將該等特性向量X及Y加總或平均合一，藉此產生額外的估計位元序列。例如，在前述的二進位FSK範例裡，若該等特性向量X及Y含有錯誤，則該時間分集合併元件360可藉由將相對應的軟值相加合一以產生一第三特性向量V，即如下式：V1 ＝X1 ＋Y1 ,V2 ＝X2 ＋Y2 ,...,VN ＝XN ＋YN 。
然後該位元序列估計模組350藉由施加前述的相同位元序列估計作業以產生該估計位元序列：若Vi 為正值，則將第i個位元標註為二進位「1」值，否則將第i個位元標註為二進位「0」值。
對於任何固定的位元錯誤率，該經合併向量V相較於比起X或Y本身具有較高的機率可產生出正確的序列估計值。該經合併向量V通常係較單獨X或Y為精確，因為當在一低品質頻道上傳送一給定信號的兩個個別拷貝時，該等將很可能體驗到不同方式的失真效應。因此，當併同合一時，其相關特性向量X及Y通常可相較於任一項本身所能者而產生該所傳序列的較佳估計結果。
若該經合併向量VF並未產生一正確估計位元序列，則該等第一及第二X及Y維持儲存在記憶體內。若次一所接收特性向量Z(未經圖示)亦失敗。則該時間分集合併元件360可藉由將來自於所有三個所收向量的軟值加總以建構出另一個新的合併向量W，如下：W1 ＝V1 ＋X1 ＋Y1 ,W2 ＝V2 ＋X2 ＋Y2 ,...,WN ＝VN ＋XN ＋YN 。
或另者，由於有奇數個特性向量，因此可由Xi 、Yi 及Zi 之間的多數表決來指配第i個位元值。該經合併向量W相較於該向量V具有甚至更高的機率可產生一成功估計結果。從而，藉由充分運用重複傳輸的時間分集，該接收器330即可作出隨著各次重複傳輸而愈來愈佳的所傳資料序列估計結果。
圖5說明該具有該時間分集合併功能性之接收器330的操作。區塊400表示當既已收到一給定資料信號並由一IBS數據機28解調變時，即開始該處理程序，在該處理程序內的此點處，該IBS數據機28偵測到該資料信號，並且執行同步化及其他為以解調變該信號所必要的步驟。即如前述，該資料信號可包含幾乎任何所欲的位元字串，例如像是一表示一訊息酬載之局部的資料封包。
區塊405自該經解調變資料信號之內擷取出一特性向量。區塊410依據該所擷取特性向量產生一估計位元序列。在一些實施例裡，此項估計作業牽涉到一錯誤校正成份，例如像是一BCH碼、Reed－Solomon碼或迴旋錯誤校正碼。決策區塊415決定所估計之位元序列是否含有任何錯誤。在一些實施例裡，此項決定作業包含一CRC錯誤檢查演算法。
若並未偵測到錯誤，則區塊420刪除經儲存在該接收器330之記憶體內的類似特性向量(若確存在)。一般說來，若兩個以上的特性向量對應於一單一資料序列，則將該等視為是「類似」。在一些實施例裡，可將對應於不同資料序列的特性向量同時地儲存在該接收器330的記憶體內。在這些實施例裡，可藉由決定兩個給定向量間之相同的位元的百分比是否超過一選定門檻值，例如像是80%，以識別出類似的特性向量。一旦識別出該等類似特性向量並予刪除後，區塊425即將一確知(ACK)信號發送給該傳送器，並且該處理程序結束於區塊430處。
若在決策區塊415處偵測到錯誤，則區塊435將目前特性向量儲存在該接收器330的記憶體內。選擇性的決策區塊440決定在該記憶體內是否儲存任何類似的特性向量。即如前述，此決定作業可藉由經儲存在該記憶體內的任何特性向量是否具有與所針對之特性向量為相同的所欲位元門檻值百分比以進行評估。若否，則重新傳送該數位資料信號，並且控制權回返到區塊405，在此從該經重新傳送之資料信號中擷取出該特性向量。
在所述實施例裡，若決策區塊440決定在記憶體之內確儲存有類似的特性向量，則區塊450如前述般依據類似特性向量之組合產生一或更多的額外估計位元序列。而在其他實施例裡，區塊450藉由將所有經儲存在記憶體內的特性向量加以合併而產生額外的估計位元序列，無論該等是否為類似皆然。決策區塊455決定該(等)額外估計位元序列是否含有任何錯誤。若否，則區塊420刪除該等經儲存在記憶體內的類似特性向量，並且該方法如前述般繼續進行。
若在決策區塊455處偵測到錯誤，則重新傳送該數位資料信號並且控制權回返到區塊405，即如前述般。在一些情況下，該傳送器可在收到該數位資料信號之一無錯誤拷貝前即先終結該處理程序。例如，該傳送器可在一選定次數之不成功重複傳輸，或是從首次不成功傳輸開始一選定時段長度之後，即停止重新傳送該數位資料信號。
前述之時間分集合併系統及方法可提供多項佳於傳統方式的特異優點。例如，藉由將特性向量儲存在記憶體內，具有該時間分集合併元件360之接收器330可比起一傳統接收器300而自不成功傳輸中擷取出更多資訊。因此，該接收器330通常能利用比起一傳統接收器300而為較少的重複傳輸產生一無錯誤資訊序列。或另者，比起藉由傳統系統所需要者，可藉由較少的錯誤校正開支位元以實施出更有效率的RFC法則。
雖既已按照一些較佳實施例以描述本發明，然其他對於熟習本項技術者確屬顯知的實施例，包含並未提供所有如本揭所列述之特性及優點的實施例，亦歸屬本發明範疇之內。從而，本發明之範圍僅為藉由參照於後載申請專利範圍及其均等物所定義。
12．．．數位無線通訊網路
14．．．行動電話
18．．．語音編碼器(Vocoder)
22．．．語音信號
23．．．使用者
26．．．經合成之數位資料訊調
28．．．「帶內訊令(IBS)」數據機
29．．．數位資料
30．．．資料來源
31．．．經編碼之語音信號
32．．．經編碼之數位資料
34．．．無線數位語音頻道
36．．．細胞式通訊站台/細胞站台
38．．．「細胞式電信交換系統(CTSS)」
40．．．伺服器
42．．．PSTN網路
44．．．電話
46．．．IP網路
50．．．伺服器電腦
70．．．數位資料封包
300．．．傳統接收器
310．．．特性擷取模組
320．．．位元序列估計模組
330．．．接收器
340．．．特性擷取模組
350．．．位元序列估計模組
360．．．時間分集合併元件
在許多不同的圖式中，類似參考編號及標註表示類似構件。
圖1係一顯示一提供帶內訊令(IBS)之無線通訊網路之圖。
圖2係一來自一IBS數據機之數位資料訊調輸出的示意圖。
圖3說明一用以在該無線通訊網路上傳送數位資料的程序。
圖4A係一用以接收在該無線通訊網路上所傳送之數位資料的傳統接收器之圖。
圖4B係一具一時間分集合併元件之接收器的圖。
圖5係一示範在圖4B中所示之接收器的操作流程圖。

Claims (23)

  1. 一種用於復原在無線電信網路上傳送的數位資料信號之設備，其係包含：收發器電路，其係建構成透過無線電信網路之數位語音頻道建立一個語音對話連結，以解調變透過該數位語音頻道所傳送之接收到的合成數位資料訊調成為一個解調變訊號；一個特性向量擷取模組，其係建構成對於該解調變訊號實施一組測量，且產生一個第一特性向量，其係包含該組測量；及一個位元序列估計模組，其係建構成分析該第一特性向量及根據該第一特性向量而產生一個第一估計位元序列；其中，該位元序列估計模組係包含一個時間分集合併元件，其係建構成：根據預設條件而決定是否產生之第一估計位元序列係為一個原始位元序列之一個片段之滿意表示，且假如根據預設條件，該產生之第一估計位元序列係不為該片段之滿意表示，則辨識表示該原始位元序列之相同片段且根據該預設條件亦產生該片段之一個不滿意的表示之儲存的第二特性向量，其中，該儲存的第二特性向量係包含一個先前解調變訊號之一組測量；加總或平均該第一特性向量之第N個子值及該第二特性向量之第N個子值；藉由分析該第一特性向量及辨識出之第二儲存的特性 向量之組合而產生一個第三特性向量，其中，該第三特性向量係具有等於加總值或平均值之第N個子值；根據該第三特性向量而產生一個第二估計位元序列；及檢查第二估計位元序列內之錯誤。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之設備，其中，每一個特性向量係包含一序列之傅利葉數值或一序列之相互關連值。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之設備，進一步包含一錯誤偵測模組，其係建構成檢查在該等第一及第二估計位元序列內的錯誤。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之設備，其中，該位元序列估計模組係包含一個錯誤校正元件，其係建構成實施一個選擇的前向錯誤校正方法。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第4項之設備，其中，該選擇的前向錯誤校正方法係包含BCH、Reed-Solomon或迴旋錯誤校正。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項之設備，進一步包含一個錯誤校正模組，其係建構成實施一個循環冗餘檢查(CRC)錯誤檢查演算法。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第1項之設備，其中，透過數位語音頻道接收之該合成數位資料訊調係為對應於該第二儲存特性向量之先前接收到的合成資料訊調之再傳送。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第1項之設備，其中，該時間分集合併元件係進一步建構成：選擇一個額外的儲存特性向量，以用於結合該第一及 第二特性向量；加總或平均該第一特性向量之第N個子值、該第二特性向量之第N個子值及該額外的特性向量之第N個子值；藉由該第一特性向量、該第二特性向量及該額外的特性向量之組合而產生一個額外的估計位元序列；及檢查額外的估計位元序列內之錯誤。
  9. 一種用於復原在無線電信網路上傳送的數位資料信號之方法，其係包含：透過無線電信網路之數位語音頻道而建立一個語音對話連結；接收透過該數位語音頻道所傳送之合成數位資料訊調，且解調變該合成數位資料訊調成為一個解調變訊號；對於該解調變訊號實施一組測量，且產生一個第一特性向量，其係包含該組測量；根據該第一特性向量而產生一個第一估計位元序列；決定是否該第一估計位元序列係符合一個用於估計由該合成數位資料訊調所表示之一個原始位元序列之一個片段的臨限準確度；假如該第一估計位元序列係不符合該臨限準確度，則選擇一個儲存於一個記憶體模組內之第二特性向量，其中，該第二特性向量係包含一個先前解調變訊號之一組測量，且其中，該第二特性向量係表示該原始位元序列之相同片段作為該第一特性向量且產生一個第二不同的位元序列，該第二不同的位元序列亦不符合用於估計該原始位元 序列之臨限準確度；加總或平均該第一特性向量之第N個子值及該第二特性向量之第N個子值；根據自該第一特性向量及該第二特性向量而來的資訊而產生一個第三特性向量，其中，該第三特性向量係具有等於加總值或平均值之第N個子值；根據該第三特性向量而產生一個第三估計位元序列；及檢查第三估計位元序列內之錯誤。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之方法，其係進一步包含：選擇一個儲存於該記憶體模組內之額外的特性向量，以用於結合該第一及第二特性向量；根據該第一特性向量、該第二特性向量及該額外的特性向量之組合而產生一個額外的估計位元序列；及檢查額外的估計位元序列內之錯誤。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之方法，其中，選擇該第二特性向量係包含決定是否該第二特性向量表示原始位元序列之相同片段作為該第一特性向量。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之方法，其係進一步包含：假如該第三估計位元序列係不符合用於估計該原始位元序列之臨限準確度，則自該記憶體模組中刪除該第二特性向量。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之方法，其中，該些合 成數位資料訊調係使用一個頻率位移鍵(FSK)調變法則或相位位移鍵(PSK)調變法則。
  14. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之方法，其中，每一個特性向量內之子值係包含一序列之傅利葉數值或一序列之相互關連值。
  15. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之方法，其中，該些合成數位資料訊調係具有於大約200Hz至大約3500Hz之範圍內的頻率。
  16. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之方法，其中，該些合成數位資料訊調係於大約100位元/秒至大約500位元/秒之範圍內之鮑率下傳送。
  17. 一種機器可讀取媒體，其係包含機器可讀取指令，其係用於導致一個裝置實施一種方法，該方法係包含：透過無線電信網路之數位語音頻道而建立一個語音對話連結；接收透過該數位語音頻道所傳送之合成數位資料訊調，且解調變該合成數位資料訊調成為一個解調變訊號；對於該解調變訊號實施一組測量，且產生一個第一特性向量，其係包含該組測量；根據該第一特性向量而產生一個第一估計位元序列；決定是否該第一估計位元序列係符合一個用於估計由該合成數位資料訊調所表示之一個原始位元序列之一個片段的臨限準確度；假如該第一估計位元序列係不符合該臨限準確度，則 選擇一個儲存於一個記憶體模組內之第二特性向量，其中，該第二特性向量係包含一組用於一個先前解調變訊號之測量，且其中，該第二特性向量係表示相同片段作為該第一特性向量且產生一個第二不同的位元序列，該第二不同的位元序列亦不符合用於估計該原始位元序列之臨限準確度；加總或平均該第一特性向量之第N個子值及該第二特性向量之第N個子值；根據自該第一特性向量及該第二特性向量而來的資訊而產生一個第三特性向量，其中，該第三特性向量係具有等於加總值或平均值之第N個子值；根據該第三特性向量而產生一個第三估計位元序列；及檢查第三估計位元序列內之錯誤。
  18. 如申請專利範圍第17項所述之機器可讀取媒體，其中該方法係進一步包含：選擇一個儲存於該記憶體模組內之額外的特性向量，以用於結合該第一及第二特性向量；根據該第一特性向量、該第二特性向量及該額外的特性向量之組合而產生一個額外的估計位元序列；及檢查額外的估計位元序列內之錯誤。
  19. 如申請專利範圍第17項所述之機器可讀取媒體，其中，選擇該第二特性向量係包含決定是否該第二特性向量表示原始位元序列之相同片段作為該第一特性向量。
  20. 一種用於復原在無線電信網路上傳送的數位資料信號之方法，其係包含：透過無線電信網路之數位語音頻道而建立一個語音對話連結；接收透過該數位語音頻道所傳送之合成數位資料訊調，且解調變該合成數位資料訊調成為一個解調變訊號；對於該解調變訊號實施一組測量，且產生一個第一特性向量，其係包含該組測量；根據該第一特性向量而產生一個第一估計位元序列；決定是否該第一估計位元序列係符合一個用於估計由該合成數位資料訊調所表示之一個原始位元序列之一個片段的臨限準確度；假如該第一估計位元序列係不符合該臨限準確度，則選擇一個儲存於一個記憶體模組內之第二特性向量，其中，該第二特性向量係包含一組用於一個先前解調變訊號之測量，且其中，該第二特性向量係表示該原始位元序列之相同片段作為該第一特性向量且產生一個第二不同的位元序列，該第二不同的位元序列亦不符合用於估計該原始位元序列之臨限準確度；加總或平均該第一特性向量之第N個子值及該第二特性向量之第N個子值；根據該第一特性向量及該第二特性向量而產生一個第三特性向量，其中，該第三特性向量係具有等於加總值或平均值之第N個子值； 使用該第三特性向量而產生一個第三估計位元序列；及檢查第三估計位元序列內之錯誤。
  21. 如申請專利範圍第20項所述之方法，其中，第N個子值係為軟值或相互關連值。
  22. 如申請專利範圍第20項所述之方法，其中，第N個子值係具有不同的數值。
  23. 如申請專利範圍第20項所述之方法，其中，第N個子值係具有相同的數值。
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