TWI335704B - - Google Patents

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TWI335704B
TWI335704B TW094129800A TW94129800A TWI335704B TW I335704 B TWI335704 B TW I335704B TW 094129800 A TW094129800 A TW 094129800A TW 94129800 A TW94129800 A TW 94129800A TW I335704 B TWI335704 B TW I335704B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
signal
ramp
ramp signal
circuit
voltage
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TW094129800A
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English (en)
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TW200713761A (en
Inventor
Isaac Y Chen
An Tung Chen
Liang Pin Tai
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Richtek Technology Corp
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Priority to TW094129800A priority Critical patent/TW200713761A/zh
Priority to US11/487,388 priority patent/US7501805B2/en
Publication of TW200713761A publication Critical patent/TW200713761A/zh
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Publication of TWI335704B publication Critical patent/TWI335704B/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/36Means for starting or stopping converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0025Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S323/00Electricity: power supply or regulation systems
    • Y10S323/901Starting circuits

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Description

i3357〇4 九、發明說明: •【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種軟啟動電路及方法,特別是關於一 種從殘餘電壓軟啟動的電路及方法。 【先前技術】 在許多系統中,設有軟啟動(soft-start)功能使系統 在開啟時平穩地啟動’以減少啟動時的衝擊,防止部分元 件超载以及過電壓的發生。第一圖簡化地顯示一習知具有 軟啟動功能的脈寬調變(PWM)降壓轉換器1〇〇,其中開關 SW1及SW2串接在電壓Vcc及接地GND之間,| > 上 人徑於彳&號 CTL及SYN以將電壓Vcc轉換為輸出電壓v〇供應卜負载 Loadl及Load2 ’取樣電路102對輸出電壓v〇遣行取樣而 產生迴授信號VFB ’誤差放大器106的反相輸人連接,回^ 信號VFB ’而其非反相輸入經多工器1〇4連接灰考广 或斜坡信號SS_Ramp,比較器112的反相輸入迷 去 波110,而其非反相輸入則經多工器1〇8連接讀差放 106的輸出或斜坡信號SS一Ramp,比較器1 a > ^ 在比較其兩 輸入後產生信號CTL及SYN切換開關swi 久6W2,致能俨 使轉換器 说EN.用以致能誤差放大器106及比較II ία 100開始運作。 第二圖係第-圖的轉換ΙΓΙΟΟ在軟啟動_ >的 波形圖,其中波形114及116係輸出電壓ν '合的 斜坡信號SS—Ramp,波形120及.121係迪换户々 1乐 、、扠VFB,波 丄: 形122係欵能信號Ef^參:照第一圖及第二圖,當致能信號 EN由低準仅轉為高準位時,如波形122所示,誤差放大器 ^^及^較森112被致能,誤差放大器106的非反向輪入 、 °° 1 〇4連接斜波#號SS_Ramp,一般來說,轉換器 100在剛啟動時,其輸出上的電壓Vo為零,如波形116所 不’在軟啟動期間,輸出電壓Vo開始上升直至一目標值, j 轉換器100的輸出Vo上也可能存在前次操作時 、 何使传轉換器10 0在剛啟動時的輸出電屢v〇 不為零,如波形114所示,如此則迴授信號VFB將大於斜 坡L號SS〜Ramp ’却波形121所示,故轉換器1〇〇將釋故 其輸出Vo上的電荷,使輸出電壓v〇下降,直至迴授信號 VFB低於斜坡信號SS_R卿,但是這樣先釋放殘留的電荷 再累積的方式,讓殘留的電荷白白浪費了。
Huang等人在美國專利第L 841,977號揭露一種軟啟 動電路,讓低位側開關保持戴止狀態,·直至輸出電壓達到 目標值’以維持該輸出上的殘餘電壓.,然而,此鼋路只能 應用在降壓式PWM電路中^ Sol ie在美國專利申請案公開 第20Q4/0228152號中择出一種軟啟動電路,在轉換器致 能前,先讓該轉換器輸出上的殘餘電壓對一軟啟動電容充 電,使該.電容上的電壓與輸出上的殘餘電壓相等,在致能 該轉換器時,以該電容上的電壓作為參考電壓與殘餘電壓 比較,因而不需放電該殘餘電壓,但是,此種軟啟動電路 需要額外的電容,再者其最初用來與輸出電壓比較的鋸齒 波呈現RC放電曲線,這將對軟啟動效能造成不好的影響。 1335704 312可以用其他可作為比較器的元件替代。 第五圖係控制電路316的實施例,其包括及閘318根 據信號Source及Up_Down_Sel產生信號S4,及閘320根 據信號Sink及Up_Down_Sel產生信號S5,或閘322根據 信號S4及S5產生信號S6給閂鎖電路324,閃鎖電路324 根據信號S6及致能信號EN輸出信號EN1,及閘326根據 信號Source及EN1輸出信號Source_CTL,及閘328根據 信號Sink及EN1輸出信號Sink_CTL。 第六圖係轉換器300的輸出Vo在軟啟動期間具有殘 餘電壓時,各信號的波形圖,其中波形330及332係輸出 Vo上的電壓,波形334係上升斜坡信號SS_Up_Ramp ’波 形333及336係迴授信號VFB,波形338係下降斜坡信號 SS一Down_Ramp,波形340係致能信號£]^,波形342係信號 EN1 ’波形344係信號Up_Down_Se卜參照第三圖、第四圖 及第五圖,.在時間T1,轉換器300開始軟啟動,致能信號-EN由低準位轉為高準位,如波形340所示,誤差放大器 312被致能以比較迴授信號VFB及參考信號Vr輸出信號 S3給閂鎖電路314,據以產生信號Up_Down_Sel給多工器 310,若迴授信號VFB小於參考信號Vr,多工器310將切 換上升斜坡信號SS_Up_Ramp至誤差放大器312的非反相 . · * . · 輸入,若迴授信號VFB大於參考信號Vr’則多工器310切 換下降斜坡信號SS_Down_Ramp到誤差放大器312的非反 相輸入,誤差放大器312比較迴授信號VFB與上升斜坡信 號SS_Up_Ramp或下降斜坡信號SS_Down_Ramp產生信號S3 1335704 * * 給閂鎖電路314,據以產生信號Uj)_Dowrn_Se 1給控制電路 316 ’在時間T1到T2期間’上升斜坡信號SS_Up_Rarap或 下P条斜坡信號SS_Down_Ramp未達到迴授信號VFB的準 位’信號UpJDown_Sel為低準位,因此閂鎖電路324輸出 的信號EN1亦為低準位,如波形342所示,因而讓信號
Source_CTL及Sink_CTL也均為低準位,此時輸出v〇上的 電壓將大致維持在殘餘電壓的準位,如波形33〇或332所 示’上升斜坡信號SS__Up_Ramp或下降斜坡信號 .)ss-Down—Ramp持續上升或下降直至達到迴授信號的準 位後’信號EN1轉為高準位開始切換開關SW1及SW2,使 輸出Vo上的電壓由殘餘電壓的準位開始上升或下降至目 標值。 根據本發明,在軟啟動轉換器3〇〇時,若偵測到輸出 Vo上有殘餘電壓,可讓轉換器3〇〇直接由該殘餘電壓的準 …位開始軟啟動’無需將轉換器3 θθ輸出V〇上的殘餘電壓 )釋放,故能減少電源消粍,同時也能防止在軟啟動期間在 輪出Vo上吸入(sink)或放出(s〇urce)大電流,而且本發 明不需要額外的元件,例如額外的電容或比較器,也較容 • 易實行。
- 各種類型的轉換器中,例如同步及非同步降壓式PWM 轉換器、同步及非同步升壓式PWM轉換器、同步及非同步 升降壓式PWM轉換器、線性調節器(LD〇)、馳返(nyback) 轉換器、順向型(forward)轉換器、.邱克型(cuk)轉換器以 及單端初級電感電路(Sing.ie End Primary Induct〇r; 1335704 SEPIC),或其他類型的系統,例如放大器,本發明的方法 及電路可以讓系統的.輸出從殘餘電壓軟啟動向目標值變 化,既不浪費能量,又不會引起逆向電流短路效應。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係習知具有軟啟動功能的P丽降壓轉換器; * 第二圖係第一圖的轉換器100在軟啟動期間各信號的 波形圖,· J 第三圖顯示根據本發明的方法,一個在輸出具有殘餘 電壓在軟啟動期間各信號的波形圖; 第四圖係應用本發明的直流對直流轉換器; 第五圖係第四圖中控制電路316的實施例;以及 ' 第六圖係第四圖的轉換器在軟啟動期間輸出上具有 殘餘電壓時,各信號的波形圖。 【主要元件符號說明'】. 100 P丽降壓轉換器 102 取樣電路 104 多工器 106 誤差放大 108 多工器 110 鋸齒波 112 比較器 114 輸出電壓Vo的波形 11

Claims (1)

1335704 ^4-ι^Ϋ6^ • Γ ·' ...... - 十、申請專利範圍: _…—__ \ 1. 一種從殘餘電壓軟啟動的電路,包括: 一比較器,用以比較一與系統的輸出電壓具有比例 關係的迴授信號及一斜坡信號,在該斜坡信號 達到該迴授信號時產生一比較信號; 一控制電路,根據該比較信號致能該系統,使該輸 出電壓從該殘餘電壓的準位朝向目標值變化; 以及 1 一多工器根據該迴授信號與一參考信號比較的結果 切換該斜坡信號給該比較器。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之電路,其中該斜坡信號係一上 升斜坡信號。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之電路,其中該斜坡信號係一下 降斜坡信號。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之電路,更包括一取樣電路取樣 ( 該輸出電壓產生該迴授信號。 5. —種從殘餘電壓軟啟動的方法,包括下列步驟: 偵測一系統的輸出電壓,以產生一迴授信號; 比較該迴授信號及一參考信號,據以決定一斜坡信 號;以及 比較該迴授信號及該斜坡信號,直到該斜坡信號達 到該迴授信號時致能該系統,使該輸出電壓從 該殘餘電壓的準位朝向目標值變化。. 6. 如申請專利範圍第5項之方法,其中該產生一迴授信號 14 1335704 的步驟包括對該輸出電壓取樣產生該迴授信號。 7. 如申請專利範圍第5項之方法,其中該斜坡信號係一上 升斜坡信號。 8. 如申請專利範圍第5項之方法,其中該斜坡信號係一下 降斜坡信號。 9. 一種從殘餘電壓軟啟動的直流對直流轉換器,包括: 一功率級,俾將一輸入電壓轉換為一輸出電壓; 一比較器,用以比較一與該輸出電壓具有比例關係 的迴授信號及一斜坡信號,產生一第一比較信 號及一第二比較信號; 一調節電路,根據該第一比較信號產生一調節信 號;以及 一控制電路,連接該調節信號及第二比較信號,在 該斜坡信號達到該迴授信號時,該控制電路根 據該調節信號驅動該電壓轉換電路,使該輸出 電壓從該殘餘電壓的準位朝向目標值變化。 10. 如申請專利範圍第9項之轉換器,更包括一多工器根據 該迴授信號與一參考信號比較的結果切換該斜坡信號 給該比較器。 11. 如申請專利範圍第9項之轉換器,其中該斜坡信號係一 上升斜坡信號。 12. 如申請專利範圍第9項之轉換器,其中該斜坡信號係一 下降斜坡信號。 13. 如申請專利範圍第9項之轉換器,更包括一取樣電路取 15 1335704 樣該輸出電壓產生該迴授信號。 16
TW094129800A 2005-09-21 2005-09-21 Circuit and method for a soft-start with residual voltage TW200713761A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TW094129800A TW200713761A (en) 2005-09-21 2005-09-21 Circuit and method for a soft-start with residual voltage
US11/487,388 US7501805B2 (en) 2005-09-21 2006-07-17 Circuit and method for soft start from a residual voltage

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TW094129800A TW200713761A (en) 2005-09-21 2005-09-21 Circuit and method for a soft-start with residual voltage

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TWI335704B true TWI335704B (zh) 2011-01-01

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