TWI295621B - Screw-type extruding machine comprising mixing and kneading disks - Google Patents

Screw-type extruding machine comprising mixing and kneading disks Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI295621B
TWI295621B TW093124192A TW93124192A TWI295621B TW I295621 B TWI295621 B TW I295621B TW 093124192 A TW093124192 A TW 093124192A TW 93124192 A TW93124192 A TW 93124192A TW I295621 B TWI295621 B TW I295621B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
mixing
discs
screw
agitating
angle
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TW093124192A
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English (en)
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TW200526396A (en
Inventor
Rainer Herter
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Coperion Werner & Pfleiderer
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505Screws
    • B29C48/57Screws provided with kneading disc-like elements, e.g. with oval-shaped elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/482Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws provided with screw parts in addition to other mixing parts, e.g. paddles, gears, discs
    • B29B7/483Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws provided with screw parts in addition to other mixing parts, e.g. paddles, gears, discs the other mixing parts being discs perpendicular to the screw axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/488Parts, e.g. casings, sealings; Accessories, e.g. flow controlling or throttling devices
    • B29B7/489Screws
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/06Rod-shaped
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/251Design of extruder parts, e.g. by modelling based on mathematical theories or experiments
    • B29C48/2517Design of extruder parts, e.g. by modelling based on mathematical theories or experiments of intermeshing screws
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/252Drive or actuation means; Transmission means; Screw supporting means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/402Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders the screws having intermeshing parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505Screws
    • B29C48/54Screws with additional forward-feeding elements

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Molding Of Porous Articles (AREA)

Description

1295621 九、發明說明: 【明戶斤屬支彳,餘4員】 發明領域 本發明涉及一種螺旋式擠出機,它包括至少兩個並列 5且相交的殼體内孔;位於孔中的可轉動驅動的螺桿軸;以 及多個順序/依次排列在螺桿轴上並成對地互相接合的具 有至少一個齒頂和至少一個齒側的混合擾拌盤。 發明背景 10 包括這種類型的混合攪拌盤的這種螺旋式擠出機是公 知的,例如參見ΕΡ 0 875 356 Β1(與US 6 048 088對應)、ΕΡ 〇 ΐ6〇 I24 (與us 4 824 256對應)和Ερ 2 ⑵ 238 B1(與us ㈣ 806 605對應)。在這些公知的螺旋式擠出機中,多個混合攪 拌盤順序排列在一螺桿軸上共同構成一攪拌組件。這些攪 !5掉組件設計成··相鄰攪拌盤形成的齒頂錯開角爲36〇。的整( 除)因數。-餅組件的第-個和最後—個 ,合。具有順序五個混合刪且兩列設計的 例如包括齒頂錯開角爲45。的順序的混合櫈拌盤。 在轉動-圈期間動力矩將隨著螺桿軸和進而混a授摔 2〇盤轉動時-對混合授拌盤的混合授掉盤的接合位置:改修 而改變並作用在各螺桿軸上。在混合麟盤的上述公知: 計和佈置中,仍由於在上述對稱授摔盤元件中多次同時^ 生混合授拌盤位置的疊合而導致轉矩動量增加—又短又強 的動力矩增加。因此,共振時整個傳動系内産生相當 1295621 大的振動應力。傳動系包括驅動電動機、聯軸器和變速器 的所有轉動部件,以及其上有混合攪拌盤的螺桿軸,可能 還包括螺紋件。 【韻^明内容】 5 發明概要 本發明的一個目的是改進該螺旋式擠出機,使得振動 問題至少得到減輕。 按照本發明,該目的通過下述特徵而實現··緊鄰的混 合攪拌盤形成一齒頂錯開角,各齒頂錯開負的整數倍不等 10 於360° 〇 由於本發明的設計,即使順序排列大耋混合攪拌盤也 不會同時發生可能在傳動系的共振點附近造成不能容許的 大振幅的轉矩動量。 由於順序的混合攪拌盤不發生疊合,因此這是一種獲 15得本發明的效果的更好方法。 圖式簡單說明 攸以下結合附圖對一例示性實施例的說明中可清楚看 出本毛明的其他特徵、細節和優點。 第1圖爲一螺旋式擠出機的局部剖開的概略俯視圖; 2〇 第2圖爲一包括五個混合攪拌盤的攪拌組件的側視圖; 第3圖爲第2圖中箭頭见方向上的該攪拌組件的視圖; 第4圖爲第2圖中箭頭^方向上的該攪拌組件的另一視 圖;以及 第5圖爲沿仏圖中V_V線的該螺旋式擠出機的橫剖 1295621 視圖。 【實施方式3 較佳實施例之詳細說明 附圖中所示的雙螺桿/旋擠出機1由一電動機2經一聯 5 軸器3和一其後的變速器4驅動。該螺旋式擠出機1的殼體5 包括兩個具有平行軸線7,7’的以一水平數位“8”的形式相交 的殼體内孔6,6’。孔6,6’中設置有其軸線與軸線7,7’重 合的螺桿軸8,8’。變速器4在相同轉動方向9,9’上驅動螺 桿轴8 ’ 8 ’。 10 殼體5靠近變速器4的一端上具有一進料斗10,通過該 進料斗來供應待處理的原料。其後,在螺桿軸8,8’上裝設 有螺紋11,11’,從而構成一供料區12。 其後,混合攪拌盤 13,13’,14,14’,15,15’,16, 16’和17,17’不可轉動地裝在螺桿軸8,8’上;它們在所示 15 例示性實施例中整體地表示爲攪拌組件18,18’。在這些攪 拌組件18,18’附近形成一混合攪拌區19,其後是一也包括 不可轉動地裝在螺桿軸8,8’上的螺紋21,21’的傳輸和增壓 區20。在這些螺紋21,21’之後,在螺桿軸8,8’上形成螺桿 頂部22,22’,然後沿傳輸方向23即在與進料斗10相對的一 20 端上有一終止該殼體5的喷模24。成對佈置的螺紋11、11’ 以及混合攪拌盤13,13’至17,17’和螺紋21,21’均表現爲 互相接合,即它們緊密σ齒合。電動機2、聯軸器3和變速器4· 的轉動部件以及螺桿軸8,8’、螺紋11,11’和混合攪拌盤13 ,13’至17,17’一起構成傳動系。 1295621 如圖所不’螺紋11、1Γ和2卜21,以及混合攪拌盤13 17均爲兩列。混合授拌盤13,13,至17,17,因 此,、有 uj 頂25,25,和26,26,及齒側27,27,和28,28,,該 “頂矛㈣側在轉動方向9, 9,上轉動時以一種本身公知的方 5式互相、I過。轉動時齒頂25 , 25,和%%,與殼體内孔6,& 的^3〇 3〇之間有遊隙,即留出一微小間隙29,29,。一混 合攪摔盤13至17的齒頂25、26以-定微小間隙轉過與該對 /扣白攪拌盤相應的另一混合攪拌盤13,至17,的齒側27,、 ,反之亦然。ΕΡ 〇 875 356 B1(與us 6 〇48 〇88對應)所公開 ίο的兩列混合授拌盤或Ep i 121 238 B1(與us系列號〇9/ 8〇6 605對應)所公開的一列混合攪拌盤或Ep 〇 16〇 124八2(與 US 4 824 256對應)所公開的三列或四列混合攪拌盤的情況 都是如此。 順序的混合攪拌盤13,13,至17,17,與轴線7和7,橫交 15的橫截面都相同。在兩列設計中,每個單獨的混合攪拌盤 爲雙鏡面對稱。該盤具有一齒頂圓心角(crest angle)a或a,和 一齒側圓心角(flank angle)b或b’,在兩列設計的情況下,採 用 a+b= a,+ b’=180。及a=a,和b=b,。 中央平面31,31’,32,32,,33,33,,34,34,和35, 2〇 35’從中央與齒頂25,26和25’,26’和各軸線7,7’相交,在 傳輸方向23上緊鄰的混合攪拌盤的兩中央平面之,間形成一 齒頂錯開角。因此,盤13,14的中央平面31,32形成一角c ,而盤13’,14’的中央平面31’,32’形成一角c’。盤14,15 的中央平面32,33形成一角d,而盤14’,15’的中央平面32’ 1295621 5 10 15 20 ’ 33,形成一角d,。盤15 ’ 16的中央平面33,34形成—角 ,_,,16,的中央平面33,,34 : ,17的中央平面34 取便盤 平㈣,35,形成—奸 角而盤16,,17,的中央 14,等的齒仲門^ 母料合_船3和13,或U和 寺的:頁錯開角相同,即適用…㈣,, 。为一方面,C,d , 而且,各齒頂錯開角C,c d :,一^ 必須不等於360。。換句的“,…,⑽數倍 混合擾拌盤之財傳輸方向23上相鄰的 ,即使且開角不能爲鳩。的整_。因此 ,也不::順序的成對混合攪拌盤13,13,至Π,17, 也不1兩軌錢拌盤的接合位置相同。 作用二每對混合攪_ 持不變。因士上的動力矩在轉動一整圈過程中並非保 何要處理⑹、1糊#财佈置有多對混合攪拌盤時,任 。各螺才曰轴才料即嫁料、粉末等只能在傳輪方向23上擠出 产姐船干和⑴轉動時的動力矩隨成對混合授拌盤的混人 =盤轉動整圈過程中的自由橫截面的改變二^ 區 3::::她Μ,和 26’26,位,^ 5中的殼體内 這些近似三角區36,36,爲形成在殼體 ,把又_孔6與6’彼此相交部位的尖角區。在該位置上 人辦扯内孔6 ’ 6的自由橫截面特別小。按照現有技術,混 ^ 錯開角爲細e的整隨,和在兩列混 H夂m爲18G°的整因數,特別在兩列混合挽拌 i、齒頂錯開角等於45°時,則螺桿轴8,8,轉動時,這些 16 1295621 轉矩波動在螺桿軸8,8,各自轉動時出現的頻率決定於螺桿 轴8,8,的轉速。在混合攪拌盤齒頂錯開角爲360。的整因 數的現有技術下,當傳的共㈣料躲上述動力 矩波動頻率日^· ’ :1^些轉矩振幅在共振點處將增大到不能 5容許的程度。(本發_)料魏祕大喊上排除了這 一問題。 如第5圖所示,螺桿_,8,具有與混合盤13,13 10 15 π ’ Π的祕it件37接合的外職件,從^在混合授掉 盤與螺桿軸8,8,之間生成非轉動連接。螺紋n,n,和21, 21也疋如此鑛ω件37的節距角(p減爲糊。的整 因數。當圓周上有二十四個齒38時g=l5〇;圓周上有三十六 個齒爾g看;圓周上有十二個齒_g=3()Q,等等。當 順序佈置多個混合_盤13,13,_17,17,時,齒頂錯開角 之和C+d+e+f有利地等於g的整數倍。在這種情況下,不必 錯開或另加特定轉換元件就可進_步連接相似的麟組件 或螺紋。
【圖式^簡單^彰^明J 第1圖爲-螺旋式擠出機的局部剖開的概略俯視圖; 第2圖爲-包括五個混合授拌盤的授拌組件的側視圖; 2〇 第3圖爲第2圖中箭頭111方向上的該授拌組件的視圖; 第4圖爲第2圖中箭頭1V方向上的該擾拌組件的另-視 圖;以及 第5圖爲沿第1圖中v — v線的該螺旋式擠出機的橫剖 視圖。 10 1295621 【主要元件符號說明】 1···螺旋式擠出機 2…電動機 3…聯軸器 4…變速器 5…殼體 6,6’…殼體内孔 7,7’…軸線 8,8’…螺桿軸 9,9’…轉動方向 10…進料斗 11,11’和21,21’…螺紋 12…供料區 13,13’至17,17’…混合攪拌盤 18和18’···攪拌組件 19…混合攪拌區 20…增壓區 21,21’…螺紋 22,22’…螺桿頂部 23…傳輸方向 24···喷模 25,25’,26,26〜"齒頂 27,27’,28,28’〜齒側 29,29’…間隙 30,30’…壁 31,31,,32,32,,33,33,,34,34,,35, 35’···中央平面 36,36’…三角區 37…鋸齒件 38…相鄰齒 g…節距角 c,d,e,f ; c’,d,e’,f’···齒頂錯開角 11

Claims (1)

  1. Ϊ295621 十、申請專利範圍: L 一種螺旋式擠出機,包括: 至少兩個並列、相交的殼體内孔; 位於該殼體内孔中的可轉動驅動的螺桿軸;以 5 及 多個順序排列在該等螺桿軸上並成對地互相接 合的混合攪拌盤,其具有: 至少一個齒頂和 至少一個齒側; 其中’緊鄰的混合攪拌盤形成一齒頂錯開角,各 齒頂錯開角的整數倍不等於360°。 2·如申請專利範圍第i項的螺旋式擠出機,其中該等順序 的混合攪拌盤無一為一致的。 3·如申請專利範圍第1項的螺旋式擠出機,其中該等 混合攪拌盤為1!列,其中n= 1、2、3或4。 4·如申請專利範圍第3項的螺旋式擠出機,其中該等混合 攪拌盤為兩列。 5·如申請專利範圍第1項的螺旋式擠出機,其該等螺桿軸 可在相同方向上驅動。 6·如申請專利範圍第丨項的螺旋式擠出機,其 拌盤構成-攪拌組件。 ^ 7.如申請專利範圍第6項的螺旋式擠出機,其中該等攪 拌組件可藉由一鋸齒件連接至該螺桿軸,該鋸齒件包 括等角間距設置的齒,相鄰齒之間形成一節距角;且 12 1295621 其中一攪拌組件的多個混合攪拌盤的齒頂錯開角之 和(c + d+ e+ f和c’ + d’ + e,+ Γ)爲該節距角(g)的整數 倍。 13
TW093124192A 2003-08-22 2004-08-12 Screw-type extruding machine comprising mixing and kneading disks TWI295621B (en)

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DE50312862D1 (de) 2010-08-19
ATE473088T1 (de) 2010-07-15
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US20050041521A1 (en) 2005-02-24
EP1508424B2 (de) 2016-10-26
CN100415490C (zh) 2008-09-03
EP1508424A1 (de) 2005-02-23
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TW200526396A (en) 2005-08-16
JP2005067200A (ja) 2005-03-17

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