1235967 五、發明説明（1 ) [技術領域] 本發明有關於使携帶式終端機伴隨車輛等之移動體，根 據來自該携帶式終端機之通報，在監視中心監視位置，移 動，被盜之移動體監視系統’移動體監視裝置，移動體監 視方法，及於移動監視中之移動判定方法。 [背景技術] 使徘徊老人等之位置監視對象者持有包含位置檢測裝置 之携帶式終端機，在汽車等之移動體設置具有位置檢測裝 置之終端裝置，以監視中心監視移動體等之位置之系統等 有各種之提案和已被實施。 例如，携帶式終端機具備有G P S (G1 〇 b a 1 Ρ 〇 s i t i ο n i n g System :全球測位系統）之收訊功能，用來檢測本身之位 置藉以通報給監視中心。監視中心根據發訊自携帶式終端 機之位置資訊可以搜索和追蹤移動體。 監視中心不是以一樣之重要度監視全體之移動體，而是 根據來自携帶式終端機之資訊，在推定移動體有異常狀況 時，就特別注意該移動體，發出警報，和進行搜索或追蹤 等。 在推定移動體之異常狀況之習知技術之一所提案之系統 是在監視中心預先登錄容許移動之範圍，當脫離該容許移 動之範圍時，就判斷爲異常行動。 但是在此種習知之移動體之移動體監視系統中，因爲需 要在監視中必須先登錄容許移動之範圍，所以例如當旅行 等經常在不同地域之情況時，要接受監視服務會有困難。 1235967 五、發明説明（2 ) 另外，例如在移動體爲汽車等之車輛之情況時，當汽車 從該車輛之停車位置進行移動時，就判定爲汽車被盜，成 爲異常。是否有此種移動之判定是算出最新收訊到之緯度 經度資訊所表不之點和上次收訊到之點’或成爲基準之點 之距離，假如超過指定之距離時就判定爲有移動。 但是，在移動體之位置資訊包含有由於測位信號之收訊 狀況等引起之誤差。因此，當判定移動體是否移動時，根 據得自携帶式終端機之位置資訊，利用點間之距離用來判 定移動之有無，當實際之移動體之位置在誤差範圍之端部 時，即使實際未移動，但是由於測位信號之傳播狀況等之 變動會使檢測點進行變動，因而判定爲有移動。另外，爲 着防止此種問題，可以考慮使檢測點離開指定距離以上用 來進行移動判定。在此種情況，可以減少誤判爲有移動， 但是其反面當測位信號之誤差變少時，本來可以在短時間 進行之移動判定變需要長時間。 另外，可考慮之系統是使携帶式終端機具備有感測器用 來檢測移動體之異常狀況下所產生之現象，檢測異常之發 生，將其通報給監視中心。例如，在習知之對汽車之被盜 之監視系統中，利用感測器用來感測被設置在汽車之携帶 式終端機在車輛被盜時產生之振動，根據其感測結果用來 進行是否有被盜之判定。然後，終端裝置在判定爲有被盜 之情況時，就利用無線電通信對監視中心進行通報。這時 ，對於瞬間之振動判定爲異常，容易造成誤判。另外，汽 車被盜時，因爲汽車被移動，所以隨着以該移動之振動會 -4- 1235967 五、發明説明(3 ) 持續某種程度之時間。因此，通常是携帶式終端機持續指 定時間之振動判斷爲異常。 但是，此種習知之對汽車被盜之監視系統，因爲是以被 設置在汽車之携帶式終端機進行異常判定，然後通報監視 中心，所以在進行異常判定之前，在携帶式終端機進行工 作等，不對監視中心進行異常判定之通報，在監視中心不 能檢測被盜，亦即會有成爲漏報之問題。另外，假如異常 判定前之振動繼續時間變短時，可以避免由於該種工作等 而漏報，但是其反面是例如在機械式停車場停止之情況， 於其他汽車之出入庫時，會成爲異常判定，增加誤報爲其 問題。 本發明有關於移動體監視系統，根據來自移動體所持運 之携帶式終端機之位置資訊等之通報，用來監視移動體之 異常狀態之發生，其目的是達成使用容易和具有高監視精 確度。 [發明之揭示] 本發明是一種移動體監視系統，根據從移動體所持運之 携帶式終端機對監視中心之通報，利用該監視中心監視該 移動體之位置，該携帶式終端機具有：操作部’用來設定 監視動作之開始和停止；測位部，用來取得該携帶式終端 機之位置資訊；和通報部，對該監視中心通報分別與該監 視動作之開始和停止對應之監視設定信號和監視解除信號 ，和該監視動作開始時之該位置資訊及其後之位置資訊； 該監視中心具有判定部，記憶從該携帶式終端機通報之該 1235967 五、發明説明（4 ) 監視動作開始時之該位置資訊’然後根據從該携帶式終端 機通報之該位置資訊’在從該監視設定信號到該監視解除 信號之期間，監視該携帶式終端機之位置’當該携帶式終 端機離開該監視動作之開始時之位置超過指定距離時，就 判定爲該移動體發生有異常。另外’本發明是一種移動體 監視方法，所包含之步驟有：從移動體所持運之携帶式終 端機對監視中心通報與監視動作之開始對應之監視設定信 號，和該監視動作之開始時之該携帶式終端機之位置資訊 及其後之該携帶式終端機之位置資訊；和當收訊到有離開 該監視動作開始時之該位置資訊超過指定距離之位置資訊 時，就判定爲有異常發生。 依照本發明，當從携帶式終端機對監視中心通報監視設 定信號和該時刻之位置時，監視中心就開始監視具有該携 帶式終端機之移動體。監視中心以監視動作開始時之位置 作爲基準，檢測移動體之異常移動。利用此種方式，不需 要將移動許可區域預先登錄在監視中心，即使是旅行者等 亦可以利用移動體監視服務。 另外，本發明是一種移動體監視方法，所包含之步驟有： 從移動體所持運之携帶式終端機對監視中心通報與監視動 作之開始對應之監視設定信號，和該監視動作時之開始時 之該携帶式終端機之位置資訊；和該監視中心根據所收訊 到之該監視設定信號和該位置資訊，用來設定該移動體之 移動許可區域。 依照本發明，當對監視中心通報監視設定信號和該時刻 1235967 五、發明説明（5 ) 之位置時，監視中心根據其位置設定移動許可區域。利用 此種方式，不需要將移動許可區域預先登錄在監視中心， 因爲可以依照移動體之移動對象的設定，所以例如即使旅 行者等亦可以利用移動體監視服務。 本發明之移動體監視中之移動判定方法，移動體監視裝 置，和移動體監視系統，在帶式終端機所取得之位置資 訊包含有誤差之情況時，對於同一移動體在不同時刻取得 之多個位置資訊，判定與其對應之多個誤差區域之間之重 複之有無，在沒有重複之情況，輸出該移動體被移動之信 息。 依照本發明時，即使在位置資訊包含有誤差之情況，亦 可以確實檢測移動體之被移動，用來抑制誤報。 另外，本發明是一種移動體監視系統，根據從移動體所 持運之攜帶式終端機對監視中心之通報，利用該監視中心 監視該移動體之被盜之發生，該帶式終端機具有：感測 器部，用來檢測移動體被盜時之指定現象之發生和消滅； 和通報部，依照該指定現象之發生之檢測，將異常信號對 該監視中心通報，和依照該指定現象之消滅之檢測，將復 原信號對該監視中心通報；該監視中心具有：計時部，當 收訊到該異常信號時開始計時，當收訊到該復原信號時結 束計時；判定部，當該計時部之計時値超過指定之猶豫時 間時，判定爲有被盜發生。 依照本發明時，以監視中心判定車輛等之移動體之被盜 。移動體被盜時所發生之指定現象有例如移動體之振動， 1235967 五、發明説明（6 ) 人對移動體之接近或接觸等。有可能發生此種異常之現象 以感測器部檢測，基本上在發生此種現象時，從通報部對 監視中心發送異常信號，通知可能有異常狀態之信息，相 反的，當該現象消滅時，發送復原信號，通知可能回到正 常狀態。這時在携帶式終端機進行異常/正常，亦即是否 有被盜之判斷。該判定由監視中心根據收訊到之異常信號 /復原信號進行。監視中心爲着避免誤報，所以即使收訊 到異常信號亦不立即判定爲異常，而是看指定現象是否繼 續指定之時間。亦即，從異常信號之收訊到進行判斷具有 指定之猶豫時間。基本上被盜時之異常狀態，例如由於車 輛之行走或移動體之偷去伴隨之振動，或打開車門之作業 或駕駛操作對車輛之接觸，或偷去時對移動體之接觸，因 爲都需要某種程度之持續性，所以經由設置此種猶豫時間 ，可以抑制暫時性之現象，例如機械式停車場之動作產生 之振動，或行人之接近，接觸之現象，所引起之誤報。另 外，在監視中心未收訊到復原信號之情況時，因爲判定爲 被盜，所以例如窃盜者即使以異常裝置停止携帶式終端機 之動作時，亦可以檢測被盜之發生。 在本發明之移動體監視系統中，該携帶式終端機更具有 保留裝置，用來保留該復原信號之通報；該保留裝置在檢 測到有該指定現象之發生時，開始指定期間之保留狀態， 在該保留狀態中當新檢測到有該指定現象之發生時，延長 該保留狀態之繼續期間；該通報部在該保留狀態結束時， 通報該復原信號。 1235967 五、發明説明（7 ) 依照本發明，即使指定現象消滅時該携帶式終端機並不 立即通報復原信號，而是在指定之期間保留復原信號之通 報。在該保留狀態中，當發生下一個之指定現象時就延長 保留狀態之繼續期間。利用此種方式，監視中心之至收訊 到復原信號之計時値變大。在指定現象以較短間隔重複發 生時大多是有異常狀態。在此種情況，依照本發明時，該 等之各個指定現象具有猶豫時間以下之繼續時間時，亦不 會漏失，可以抑制漏報。例如，在窃盜者將車輛開走偷去 時，行走時之振動由於等待信號等產生短時間之間歇，但是 亦可以檢測此種異常狀態。 在本發明中，亦可以使復原信號不是在每一個指定現象 產生，而是只在保留狀態之結束時刻產生，相對的，異常 信號是在每次發生指定現象時產生。監視中心之計時可以 構建成即使重複收訊到異常信號亦不結束。另外一方面， 本發明之較佳態樣是一種移動體監視系統，其特徵爲是該 通報部在該保留狀態之開始時通報該異常信號。在此種態 樣中，只有當發生開始保留狀態之最初之指定現象時，才 產生異常信號。 本發明是一種移動體監視系統，根據從移動體所持運之 携帶式終端機對監視中心之通報，利用該監視中心監視該 移動體之被盜之發生，該携帶式終端機具有：感測器部， 用來檢測移動體被盜時之指定現象之發生和消滅；和通報部 ，依照該指定現象之發生之檢測，將異常信號對該監視中 心通報，和依照該指定現象之消滅之檢測，將復原信號對 1235967 五、發明説明（8 ) 該監視中心通報；該監視中心具有：保留裝置，當收訊到 該異常信號時，開始指定期間之保留狀態，在該保留狀態 中當新收訊到該異常信號時，延長該保留狀態之繼續期間 ;計時部，用來對該保留狀態之繼續期間進行計時；和判 定部，當該繼續期間超過指定之猶豫時間時，判定爲有被 盜發生。 本發明之另一構造用來檢測以比較短之間隔重複發生 指定現象之異常狀態。依照本發明時，在每次之指定現象 之發生，消滅時，從携帶式終端機通報異常信號，復原信 號，在監視中心側進行保留。亦即，計時部不是計數從異 常信號到復原信號之時間，而是計數保留狀態之從開始到 結束之時間。監視中心之保留裝置在保留狀態中當收訊到 有來自携帶式終端機之下一個異常信號時，就延長保留狀 態之繼續期間。在保留狀態於其結束前即使收訊到復原信 號，亦保留是否計時結束和是否發生被盜之判定。在保留 狀態結束之時刻，和收訊到與最後收到之異常信號對應之 復原信號之時刻之較慢之一方之時刻，可以結束計時。 與上述之本發明有關之較佳態樣是一種移動體監視系統 ，其特徵是該感測器部具有振動感測器，用來檢測振動作 爲該指定現象。 另外，本發明是一種移動體監視系統，其中該携帶式終 端機更具有：操作部’用來設定被盜監視動作之開始和停 止；和測位部，用來取得現在之該携帶式終端機之位置資 訊；該通報部更依照該被盜監視動作之開始和停止，分別 -10- 1235967 五、發明説明（9 ) 將監視設定信號和監視解除信號對該監視中心通報；在對 該監視中心通報各種信號時，一起通報該位置資訊；該判 定部根據該位置資訊求得從該監視設定信號之通報時起之 該携帶式終端機之移動距離；利用該移動距離超過指定之 容許距離，用來進行有被盜發生之判定。 '依照本發明，携帶式終端機利用感測器部檢測振動等之 指定現象，和利用測位部取得本身之位置資訊。當來自感 測器終端機之監視信號，異常信號，復原信號等之各種信 號之通報時，携帶式終端機之位置資訊與該等信號一起對 監視中心通報。監視中心利用該位置資訊求得從被盜監視 動作開始之携帶式終端機之移動距離，利用該移動距離用 來判定被盜之發生。例如，判定部可以構建成即使計時部 之計時値超過指定之猶豫時間時，假如移動距離在容許距 離以下，亦不判定爲被盜。利用此種方式，例如在移動體 爲車輛之情況時，在檢測振動作爲指定現象之構造中，於 如同機械式停車場之產生振動之場所停車之情況時，可以 避免誤報。另外，判定部亦可以構建成監視開始起之移動 距離超過容許距離時，即使計時部之計時値在猶豫時間以 下，亦判定爲有被盜發生。 本發明之移動體監視系統之特徵是將該操作部構建成可 以與該携帶式終端機本體分離。 依照本發明時，當使用者離開該移動體時可以携帶操作 部。因爲在携帶式終端機本體沒有操作部，所以使用者以 外之人要解除監視動作藉以偷去移動體變爲困難。 -11- 1235967 五、發明説明（10) [圖面之簡單說明] 第1圖用來說明本發明之移動體監視系統之全體構造。 第2圖是監視感測器之槪略之方塊構造圖。 第3圖是携帶式終端機之槪略之方塊圖。 第4圖是通信模組之槪略之方塊圖。 第5圖是設定操作模組之槪略之方塊圖。 第6圖是感測器模組之槪略之方塊圖。 第7圖是第1實施例之携帶式終端機之動作流程圖。 第8圖是第1實施例之監視之動作流程圖。 第9圖是第2實施例之監視中心收訊到來自携帶式終端 機之監視設定信號時之監視處理流程圖。 第1 0圖是槪略圖，用來表示用以決定誤差範圍之位置 誤差表之一實例。 第1 1圖是槪略圖，用來表示在不同之2個時刻所獲得 之點位置之各個誤差區域之相互關係。 第1 3圖是第3實施例中從解除狀態轉移到設定狀態時 之通信模組之處理流程圖。 第1 4圖是第3實施例之移轉判定處理之處理流程圖。 第1 5圖是第3實施例之以信號輸出部進行之處理之流 程圖。 第1 6圖是第3實施例之以設定狀態之通信模組之處理 流程圖。 第1 7圖是處理之流程圖，以第3實施例之監視感測器 進行處理。 -12- 1235967 五、發明説明（11) [實施本發明之最佳實施例] 下面將參照圖面用來詳細的說明本發明之實施例之移動 體監視系統。另外，移_體在槪念上是以汽車，機車，人 ，寵物，現金，美術品等爲對象，包含如同不動產之不會 移動物體之全部。本發明可以以數個不同之形態實施。下 面首先說明各個實施例共同之基本系統之構造和動作，然 後個別的說明各個實施例之詳細部份。 [基本之構造和動作] 第1圖用來說明本發明之移動體監視系統之全體構造。 本發明之移動體監視系統用來檢測移動體之被盜等之異常 ，和被盜，以及有關於成爲行方不明之移動體之應付員進 搜索等之應付，經由網路8連接有移動所持或附帶在移動 體之携帶式終端機2，應付員所携帶之應付用終端機4， 和監視中心6。另外，在網路8連接有携帶式電話之基地 台1 〇和衛星基準台12。另外，携帶式.終端機2，應付用 終端機4和衛星基準台12，利用GPS(Global Positioning System)衛星14用來取得本身之位置資訊。 亦即，GPS衛星被配備在現在24基以上之衛星軌道。 GPS是一種系統，接受從發射到地球軌道之多個衛星發訊 之電波，用來測定現在位置之緯度，經度和高度。亦即， 美國之以軍事目的開發者，其一部份被使用在開放給民間 之位置算出等。只要有小型之天線和小的處理裝置，就可 以以數米至數十米之精確度指定位置。 携帶式終端機2和應付用終端機4分別具有GPS收訊 -13- 1235967 五、發明説明（12) 功能和携帶式電話通信功能，可以根據來自GPS衛星1 4 之信號取得本身之位置資料，和利用無線電話線路進行與 基地台1 〇之間之通信。 衛星基準台1 2被固定在指定位置，把握其本身之正確 之位置。衛星基準台12可以設置在多個位置。衛星基準 台12之使其指定位置與得自GPS衛星14之信號之本身位 置資訊進行比較，用來產生對得自GPS衛星1 4之信號之 位置資訊之校正資訊，將其提供給監視中心6。 第2圖是監視中心6之槪略之方塊構造圖。監視中心6 之構成包含有：通信部20，連接到網路8用來進行通信； 控制部22，用來進行監視中心6之各個方塊之控制；位置 計算部24，用來計算携帶式終端機2和應付用終端機4之 位置；異常監視部26，用來檢測被盜等之異常事件之發生 ，藉以指示進行指定之應付；和記憶部28，用來記憶處理 用之各種資訊；該等以1^州1^〇〇&1人^&仏1\¥(^1〇互相連 接。另外，更具有圖中未顯示之顯示部和操作部。顯示部 將移動體之現在位置，移動軌跡，應付有無，現在之狀況 等顯示在顯示器，用來支援監視員之操作。另外，操作部 是監視員進行輸入操作之裝置，使用鍵盤或滑鼠等。 位置計算部24經由通信部20取得携帶式終端機2和應 付用終端機4通報之GPS之位置資訊，可以與終端機2， 4通信基準台1 0之資訊，和來自衛星基準台1 2之校正資 訊，用來算出携帶式終端機2和應付用終端機4之正確之 位置。所算出之携帶式終端機2和應付用終端機4之位置 -14- 1235967 五、發明説明（u) 資訊轉移到異常監視部26。另外，將該等之携帶式終端機 2和應付用終端機4之位置資訊順序的收納在記憶部28， 使其與收訊時刻具有相關性，異常監視部26可以構建成 利用從記憶部28讀出之位置資訊。 例如，位置計算部24具有位置要求功能和位置收訊功 能。位置要求功能是對携帶式終端機2要求現在位置之發 訊，對携帶式終端機2送出位置資訊要求命令。位置收訊 功能是接受携帶式終端機2回應該位置資訊要求命令之位 置資訊。該位置資訊包含以緯度，經度表示携帶式終端機 2之點位置，和其點位置之誤差資訊。該誤差資訊將於後 面說明。 異常監視部26從位置計算部24或記憶部28取得携帶 式終端機2之位置資訊。另外，當携帶式終端機2具備有 用以檢測位置以外之資訊之感測器之情況時，異常監視部 26經由通信部20取得該感測器所檢測到之資訊。例如感 測器用來檢測振動等之指定現象。異常監視部26使用位 置資訊和感測器之檢測資訊之任何一方或雙方，用來判定 設有携帶式終端機2之移動體是否發生有被盜之異常。當 判定爲有異常發生之情況時，異常監視部26根據得自位 置計算部24或記憶部28之與應付用終端機4有關之位置 資訊，選擇發生有異常之移動體附近之應付員。對該被選 擇之應付員指示搜索移動體等之應付。該指示由監視中心 6之監視員進行。另外，該異常監視部26亦可以構建成在 判定有異常發生之情況時’自動的對該應付員通知預先設 -15- 1235967 五、發明説明（14) 定之應付指示。 記憶部28可以具有作爲位置資訊緩衝器之功能，由位 置計算部24以上述方式算出位置資訊。經由在該記憶部 不僅保存現在之位置資訊而且亦保持指定時間部份之過去 之位置資訊，異常監視部26進行把握移動軌跡之處理。 另外，記憶部28所具有之記憶功能亦用來記憶後面所 述之位置誤差表和被預先登錄在每一個携帶式終端機之成 爲監視對象之移動體之資訊。移動體之資訊種類依照移動 體是車輛或人而不同，例如包含有車種，移動號碼，製造 公司，色，姓名，性別，住所，電話號碼，電子郵件位址 ，識別號碼，終端裝置之附帶者之姓名，性別，住所，臉 部照片，生日，識別號碼，携帶式電話號碼。 第3圖是携帶式終端機2之槪略之方塊圖。携帶式終端 機2之構成包含有無線通信部50，操作部52，控制部54 ，和電源5 6。另外，亦可以依照需要設置用以檢測位置以 外之資訊之感測器5 8。 無線通信部50之構成包含有GPS收訊部70，CDMA收 訊部72和通信部74。GPS收訊部70所實現之功能是接受 來自GPS衛星14之GPS信號。CDMA收訊部72所實現 之功能是接受來自携帶式電話之基地台1 0之基地台信號 (以下稱爲CDMA信號）。通信部74經由網路8進行與監 視感測器6之通信。操作部52是輸出裝置，由使用者用 來進行使携帶式終端機2成爲監視狀態之設定動作和解除 該狀態之解除動作。操作部52例如由十進制鍵等之觸摸 -16- 1235967 五、發明説明（]5) 式開關構成。控制部54由微處理機，半導體記憶器等構 成，用來進行携帶式終端機全體之控制等。其詳細部份將 於後面說明。電源56是可充電電池，用來對各個部份供 給電源。 在本系統中之携帶式終端機2至少具有包含操作部5 2 之設定操作模組和包含無線通信部50之通信模組之2個 模組，構成可分離之方式。另外，在携帶式終端機2需要 感測器58之情況時，可以包含感測器58之感測器模組作 爲另外一個模姐。第4圖，第5圖，第6圖是槪略方塊圖 ，分別用來表示該等携帶式終端機2之3個模組，第4圖 表示通信模組，第5圖表示設定操作模組，第6圖表示感 測器模組。 通信模部除了無線通信部50之外，更具備有：控制部80 ，用來進行通信模組之各個部份之控制；記憶部82，用來 記憶控制部80所使用之資料；和外部機器連接用介面84 ’連接到設定操作模組或感測器模組。另外，通信模組更 具備有：電池組86，作爲電源56 ;電源開關88，用來變換 電源之 ΟΝ/OFF ;監視 LED(Light Emission Diode)90，用 來顯不是否爲監視狀態。 設定操作模組除了操作部52外，其構成更包含有：控制 部1 〇〇，依照來自操作部52之信號，用來送出控制信號藉 以指示對通信模組之監視開始/停止；連接介面1 02，連接 到通信模組；和顯示部1 04，用來顯示操作部52之輸入內 容等。 -17- 1235967 五、發明説明（16) 感測器模組在進行移動體之被盜監視之情況時，連接到 通信模組。第6圖所示之感測器模組構成爲車輛之被盜監 視用，其構成包含有：振動感測器1 1 0，用來檢測由於車輛 之移動等所產生之振動；紅外線感測器Π 2，用來檢測感 測器模組之周圍之熱源之變化；判定部Π4，根據該等感 測器之輸出，用來判定由於被盜引起之指定現象有無發生 ;連接介面1 1 6，連接到通信模組；連接判定部1 1 8，用 來判定是否連接到通信模組；和信號輸出部120，在判定 部Π4檢測到指定現象發生時，產生異常信號，在檢測到 指定現象消滅時，產生復原信號。另外，判定部11 4包含 有：振動判定部122，根據振動感測器110之輸出，用來判 定振動之發生/停止；和轉移判定部1 24，根據紅外線感測 器112之輸出，用來判定携帶式終端機2之裝載場所之轉 移之有無。 使設定操作模組可以自由的從通信模組分離之構造，用 來消除第三者任意的設定操作携帶式終端機2成爲監視模 態或解除模態。另外，當操作部可以區分與監視模態或解 除模態之設定有關之設定/解除操作部，和與監視模態或 解除模態之設定無關之其他操作部時，亦可以只在設定操 作模組設置設定/解除操作部，在通信模組等之其他模組 設置其他之操作部。 下面將說明監視感測器6和携帶式終端機2之槪略之動 作。 監視感測器6具備有認證伺服器和應用伺服器，用來進 -18- 1235967 五、發明説明（17) 行回答來自使用者之現在位置之詢問，監視携帶式終端機 2之異常等，和對該異常之應付等。另外，在使用者和監 視感測器6之間可以使用電話.FAX·網際網路之電子郵件 等各種聯絡裝置。當監視感測器6接受到來自使用者之有 關於移動體之所在之詢問時，就對附帶在該移動體之携帶 式終端機2發送位置資訊要求命令。位置資訊要求命令從 通信部20送出到網路8，經由携帶式終端機2之最近之基 地台1 〇，傳達到該携帶式終端機2。亦即，携帶式終端機 2在電源ON時，進行大約1分鐘之1次收訊，在該時序 接受來自附近之1個或多個之基地台1 0之CDMA信號。 另外收訊間隔並不只限於此種方式，亦可以依照該移動體 適當的選擇，數秒鐘1次，或數十分鐘1次。 携帶式終端機2在接受到位置資訊要求命令時，在這時 收訊到之GPS信號和基地台10之CDMA信號附加本身之 ID碼（識別碼）作爲位置資訊資料的從無線通信部5〇經由 基地台1 0和網路8，發訊到監視感測器6。這時，監視感 測器6之通信部20進行認證用來防止盜用，將收訊自携 帶式終端機2之位置資訊資料傳達到位置計算部24。在位 置計算部24，判斷發訊自携帶式終端機2之位置資訊資料 中之GPS信號爲多少個，CDMA信號爲多少個等。即使携 帶式終端機2不能收訊來自3基之GPS衛星14之GPS信 號時，位置計算部24使用來自基地台1 〇之CDMA信號用 來與GPS信號互補，根據3點測量之原理等，算出携帶式 終端機2之位置。另外，位置計算部24，除了利用收訊自 -19- 1235967 五、發明説明（18) 携帶式終端機2之位置資訊資料外，亦利用得自衛星基準 台1 2之衛星誤差資料，用來算出携帶式終端機2之位置。 位置計算部24之計算結果之位置被收納在記憶部28， 供異常監視部26利用。記憶部28收納携帶式終端機2之 位置之計算結果使其與ID碼及位置資訊之收訊時刻具有 相關性。例如，異常監視部26利用得自記憶部28之移動 體之位置資訊，以各種方法對使用者傳達，包括利用電話 傳達移動體之現在位置，或在地圖上標示該移動體之所在 ，以FAX發訊，或以電子郵件發訊附加有移動體之位置之 地圖資料等。 另外，在上述之構造中是位置計算部24被設定在與異 常監視部26相同之側，但是亦可以以位置計算部24作爲 位置計算中心，被設在與監視中心6不同之側。在此種情 況，携帶式終端機2將位置資訊發訊到位置計算中心，該 位置計算中心以所算出之携帶式終端機2之位置座標，和 及算出所使用誤差資訊（例如，可收訊之GPS衛星14和基 地台1 〇之個數，GPS衛星1 4和基地台1 0之配置，和收 訊強度）作爲位置資訊，將其發訊到携帶式終端機2。携帶 式終端機2將收訊自位置計算中心之位置資訊發訊到監視 中心6。在此種構造中，因爲可以將系統構建或使位置計 算中心（用以算出移動體之位置）和監視中心6(用以進行移 動體之監視，搜索等）完全分離，所以位置計算中心之變 更和其他之位置資訊之取入變成比較容易爲其優點。1235967 V. Description of the Invention (1) [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a mobile body that accompanies a mobile terminal, such as a vehicle, according to a report from the portable terminal, monitors a location in a monitoring center, moves, and stolen mobile Body monitoring system 'a mobile body monitoring device, a mobile body monitoring method, and a movement determination method in mobile monitoring. [Background Art] Position monitoring objects such as wandering elderly persons are provided with a portable terminal including a position detection device, and a mobile device such as a car is provided with a terminal device having a position detection device to monitor the position of the mobile body and the like at a monitoring center. Various proposals have been made for the system and so on. For example, the portable terminal has a receiving function of G PS (G1 〇 b a 1 Ρ s s i t i ο n i n g System: Global Positioning System), which is used to detect its own position to notify the monitoring center. The monitoring center can search and track moving objects based on the location information of the self-portable terminal sent. The monitoring center does not monitor all moving objects with the same importance, but based on the information from the portable terminal, when it is estimated that the moving object has an abnormal condition, it pays special attention to the moving object, issues an alert, and performs search or tracking. . A system proposed in one of the conventional techniques for estimating an abnormal state of a moving body is to register a range of allowable movements in advance at a monitoring center, and judge it to be abnormal action when it deviates from the range of allowable movements. However, in such a conventional mobile body monitoring system, it is necessary to register the range of movement allowance during monitoring. For example, when traveling is often in a different area, it is difficult to receive monitoring services. 1235967 V. Description of the invention (2) In addition, for example, when the moving body is a vehicle such as a car, when the car moves from the parking position of the vehicle, it is determined that the car is stolen and becomes abnormal. The determination of whether there is such a movement is to calculate the distance between the point indicated by the latest latitude and longitude information received and the point of the last reception 'or the point that became the reference point. If it exceeds the specified distance, it is determined to have movement. . However, the position information of the moving body contains errors due to the reception status of the positioning signals. Therefore, when determining whether a moving body is moving, based on the position information obtained from the portable terminal, the distance between points is used to determine the presence or absence of movement. When the actual position of the moving body is at the end of the error range, even if the actual There is no movement, but it is determined that there is movement due to changes in the propagation condition of the positioning signal, etc. In addition, in order to prevent such a problem, it may be considered to move the detection point more than a specified distance for the movement determination. In this case, it is possible to reduce the erroneous judgment that there is movement, but on the other hand, when the error of the positioning signal becomes smaller, the movement judgment that could have been performed in a short time becomes longer. In addition, a system that can be considered is to provide a portable terminal with a sensor to detect a phenomenon occurring under abnormal conditions of a mobile body, detect the occurrence of the abnormality, and report it to a monitoring center. For example, in the conventional monitoring system for stolen cars, sensors are used to sense the vibration generated by the portable terminal installed in the car when the vehicle is stolen, and it is used to determine whether there is any Stolen verdict. Then, when it is determined that the terminal device has been stolen, the monitoring center is notified by radio communication. At this time, the transient vibration is judged to be abnormal, which is likely to cause misjudgment. In addition, when a car is stolen, because the car is moved, the vibration with the movement will be -1235967 V. Invention Description (3) lasts for a certain period of time. Therefore, it is usually determined that the vibration of the portable terminal for a specified time is abnormal. However, in such a conventional monitoring system for car theft, because the portable terminal installed in the car is used to make an abnormality determination and then notified to the monitoring center, work is performed on the portable terminal before the abnormality determination is performed. Without notification of abnormality judgment to the monitoring center, the theft cannot be detected in the monitoring center, that is, there will be a problem of underreporting. In addition, if the vibration continued time before the abnormality judgment is shortened, it is possible to avoid false reports due to such work, but the reverse is, for example, the situation of stopping in a mechanical parking lot, and it will be an abnormality judgment when other cars enter and leave the warehouse. Add false positives as its problem. The invention relates to a mobile body monitoring system, which is used to monitor the occurrence of an abnormal state of a mobile body according to a report from the location information of a portable terminal carried by the mobile body, and the purpose thereof is to achieve easy use and high monitoring accuracy. . [Disclosure of the invention] The present invention is a mobile body monitoring system. Based on the notification from a portable terminal carried by a mobile body to a monitoring center, the monitoring center is used to monitor the position of the mobile body. The portable terminal has: operation The 'part is used to set the start and stop of the monitoring operation; the positioning part is used to obtain the position information of the portable terminal; and the notification part is used to notify the monitoring center of the monitoring setting signals corresponding to the start and stop of the monitoring operation, respectively. And the monitoring release signal, the position information at the start of the monitoring operation and the position information thereafter; the monitoring center has a judgment section, which memorizes the 1235967 notified from the portable terminal V. Description of the invention (4) The monitoring operation starts Then the position information 'and then monitor the position of the portable terminal according to the position information notified from the portable terminal' during the period from the monitoring setting signal to the monitoring release signal 'when the portable terminal leaves When the position at the start of the monitoring operation exceeds a specified distance, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the moving body. In addition, the present invention is a method for monitoring a moving body, which includes the steps of notifying a monitoring center of a monitoring setting signal corresponding to the start of a monitoring operation to a monitoring center from a portable terminal carried by the moving body, and the time when the monitoring operation starts. The location information of the portable terminal and the location information of the portable terminal thereafter; and when receiving the location information where the location information exceeds the specified distance when leaving the monitoring action, it is determined to be abnormal occur. According to the present invention, when a monitoring terminal is notified of a monitoring setting signal and a position at that time from a portable terminal to a monitoring center, the monitoring center starts monitoring a mobile body having the portable terminal. The monitoring center uses the position at the start of the monitoring operation as a reference to detect abnormal movement of the moving body. In this way, there is no need to register a movement permission area in a surveillance center in advance, and even a traveler can use a moving body surveillance service. In addition, the present invention is a method for monitoring a moving body, which includes the steps of reporting a monitoring setting signal corresponding to the start of a monitoring operation to a monitoring center from a portable terminal carried by the moving body, and when the monitoring operation starts. The location information of the portable terminal; and the monitoring center used to set the movement permission area of the mobile body according to the received monitoring setting signal and the location information. According to the present invention, when the monitoring center is notified of the monitoring setting signal and the position of the moment 1235967 V. Description of the Invention (5), the monitoring center sets a movement permission area according to its position. In this way, it is not necessary to register the movement permission area in the monitoring center in advance, because the moving object can be set according to the setting of the moving object, so that even a traveler can use the moving object monitoring service, for example. According to the moving determination method, moving body monitoring device, and moving body monitoring system of the present invention, when the position information obtained by the belt terminal contains an error, the same moving body is obtained at different times. Location information, to determine whether there is a duplication between the corresponding error areas, and if there is no duplication, output the information that the moving body is moved. According to the present invention, even when the position information includes an error, it is possible to surely detect that the moving body has been moved to suppress false positives. In addition, the present invention is a mobile body monitoring system. Based on the notification from the portable terminal carried by the mobile body to the monitoring center, the monitoring center is used to monitor the occurrence of theft of the mobile body. The belt terminal has: The detector unit is used to detect the occurrence and extinction of the specified phenomenon when the mobile body is stolen; and the notification unit is to notify the monitoring center of the abnormal signal according to the detection of the occurrence of the specified phenomenon, and to eliminate the extinction according to the specified phenomenon. Detect and report the recovery signal to the monitoring center; the monitoring center has: a timing section that starts timing when the abnormal signal is received, and ends the timing when the recovery signal is received; a determination section that counts the time of the timing section値 If the designated hesitation time is exceeded, it is determined that theft has occurred. According to the present invention, the monitoring center determines that a moving body such as a vehicle is stolen. Specified phenomena that occur when a moving body is stolen are, for example, vibration of the moving body, 1235967 V. Description of the Invention (6) The approach or contact of a person to the moving body. It is possible that this abnormal phenomenon will be detected by the sensor unit. Basically, when this phenomenon occurs, an abnormal signal is sent from the notification department to the monitoring center to inform the possibility of abnormal conditions. Conversely, when the phenomenon disappears Send a reset signal to notify that it may return to the normal state. At this time, the abnormality / normality of the portable terminal is judged, that is, whether there is any theft. This determination is made by the monitoring center based on the abnormal signal / recovery signal received. The monitoring center is to avoid false alarms, so even if the abnormal signal is received, it is not immediately determined to be abnormal, but to see if the specified phenomenon continues for the specified time. That is, there is a designated hesitation time from the receipt of the abnormal signal to the judgment. Basically the abnormal state when stolen, such as the vibration caused by the walking of the vehicle or the stealing of the moving body, or the operation of opening the door or the driving operation of the vehicle, or the contact of the moving body when stealing, because To a certain degree of continuity, by setting such a hesitation time, you can suppress temporary phenomena, such as vibrations generated by the action of a mechanical parking lot, or the approach and contact of pedestrians, resulting in false positives. In addition, when the monitoring center does not receive a recovery signal, it is determined to be stolen. Therefore, for example, a thief can detect the theft even when the mobile terminal is stopped by an abnormal device. In the mobile body monitoring system of the present invention, the portable terminal further has a retaining device for retaining the notification of the restoration signal; when the retaining device detects the occurrence of the specified phenomenon, it starts a reserved state for a specified period, When the designated state is newly detected in the reserved state, the continuation period of the reserved state is extended; when the reserved state ends, the notification section notifies the restoration signal. 1235967 V. Description of the invention (7) According to the present invention, even if the specified phenomenon disappears, the portable terminal does not immediately report the recovery signal, but keeps the notification of the recovery signal for the specified period. In this reserved state, the continuation period of the reserved state is extended when the next designated phenomenon occurs. In this way, the timing from the monitoring center to the time when the signal is restored is increased. Most of them are abnormal when the specified phenomenon occurs repeatedly at short intervals. In this case, according to the present invention, when each of these specified phenomena has a continuation time below the hesitation time, it will not be missed, and the false alarm can be suppressed. For example, when a thief drives a car away and steals it, the vibration during walking may cause a short pause due to waiting for a signal or the like, but such an abnormal state may also be detected. In the present invention, the restoration signal can also be generated not at every designated phenomenon, but only at the end of the reserved state. In contrast, an abnormal signal is generated every time a designated phenomenon occurs. The timing of the monitoring center can be structured so that it does not end even if it repeatedly receives abnormal signals. On the other hand, a preferred aspect of the present invention is a moving body monitoring system, characterized in that the notification unit notifies the abnormal signal at the beginning of the reserved state. In this state, an abnormal signal is generated only when the first designated phenomenon that starts the hold state occurs. The invention is a mobile body monitoring system. According to the notification from a portable terminal carried by a mobile body to a monitoring center, the monitoring center is used to monitor the occurrence of theft of the mobile body. The portable terminal has: a sensor A department for detecting the occurrence and extinction of a specified phenomenon when a moving body is stolen; and a notification department for reporting an abnormal signal to the monitoring center according to the detection of the occurrence of the specified phenomenon, and detecting the extinction according to the specified phenomenon, Pair the restoration signal to 1235967 V. Description of the invention (8) The monitoring center reports: The monitoring center has: a reserve device, when the abnormal signal is received, it starts the reserved state for a specified period, and in the reserved state when it is newly received When the abnormal signal is reached, the continuation period of the reserved state is extended; the timing unit is used to time the continuation period of the reserved state; and the judging unit judges that theft has occurred when the continuation period exceeds a specified hesitation time. . Another configuration of the present invention is used to detect an abnormal state in which a prescribed phenomenon repeatedly occurs at relatively short intervals. According to the present invention, each time a specified phenomenon occurs and disappears, an abnormal signal is notified from the portable terminal, the signal is restored, and it is retained on the monitoring center side. That is, the timing section does not count the time from the abnormal signal to the reset signal, but counts the time from the start to the end of the hold state. When the reserve device of the monitoring center receives an abnormal signal from the portable terminal in the reserve state, it will extend the continuation period of the reserve state. Prior to the end of the reservation status, even if a recovery signal is received, the determination of whether the time is over and whether theft has occurred will be retained. At the end of the reserved state and the slower one of the time when the signal is received and the recovery signal corresponding to the last abnormal signal is received, the timing can be ended. A preferred aspect related to the present invention described above is a moving body monitoring system characterized in that the sensor section has a vibration sensor for detecting vibration as the specified phenomenon. In addition, the present invention is a mobile body monitoring system, in which the portable terminal further includes: an operation section for setting the start and stop of the stolen surveillance operation; and a positioning section for obtaining the current portable terminal. Location information; the notification department further follows the start and stop of the stolen surveillance action, respectively -10- 1235967 V. Description of the invention (9) The surveillance setting signal and the surveillance release signal are notified to the surveillance center; When various signals are reported, the position information is reported together; the determination unit obtains the moving distance of the portable terminal from the time of notification of the monitoring setting signal according to the position information; using the moving distance exceeding a specified allowable distance for A determination is made that theft has occurred. 'According to the present invention, a portable terminal uses a sensor section to detect a specified phenomenon such as vibration, and uses a positioning section to obtain its own position information. When various signals such as monitoring signals, abnormal signals, reset signals, etc. from the sensor terminal are reported, the position information of the portable terminal is reported to the monitoring center together with these signals. The monitoring center uses this location information to find the moving distance of the portable terminal from the theft surveillance operation, and uses this moving distance to determine the occurrence of theft. For example, the judging unit may be configured not to judge that it is stolen if the moving distance is below the allowable distance even if the timing of the timing unit exceeds the designated hesitation time. In this way, for example, in the case where the moving body is a vehicle, in a structure where vibration is detected as a designated phenomenon, a false alarm can be avoided when the vehicle is parked in a place where vibration occurs as in a mechanical parking lot. In addition, the judging section may be configured to determine that theft has occurred even when the movement distance from the start of the monitoring exceeds the allowable distance, even if the timing of the timing section is below the hesitation time. A feature of the mobile body monitoring system of the present invention is that the operation unit is constructed to be separable from the body of the portable terminal. According to the present invention, the operation portion can be carried when the user leaves the moving body. Since there is no operation part in the portable terminal body, it becomes difficult for anyone other than the user to cancel the monitoring operation and steal the moving body. -11- 1235967 V. Description of the invention (10) [Simplified description of the drawing] The first figure is used to explain the overall structure of the moving body monitoring system of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a schematic of a surveillance sensor. Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram of a portable terminal. Figure 4 is a schematic block diagram of a communication module. Figure 5 is a block diagram of a strategy for setting an operation module. FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of the sensor module. Fig. 7 is an operation flowchart of the portable terminal of the first embodiment. Fig. 8 is a flowchart of the monitoring operation of the first embodiment. Fig. 9 is a flowchart of a monitoring process when the monitoring center of the second embodiment receives a monitoring setting signal from a portable terminal. Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the position error table used to determine the error range. Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the error regions of the point positions obtained at two different times. Fig. 13 is a flowchart of the processing of the communication module when the state is shifted from the released state to the set state in the third embodiment. FIG. 14 is a processing flowchart of the migration determination processing of the third embodiment. Fig. 15 is a flowchart of processing performed by the signal output section in the third embodiment. Fig. 16 is a flowchart of processing of a communication module in a set state according to the third embodiment. Fig. 17 is a flowchart of processing, and processing is performed by the monitoring sensor of the third embodiment. -12- 1235967 V. Description of the invention (11) [Best embodiment for implementing the present invention] The following will describe in detail a moving object monitoring system of an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings. In addition, moving bodies are intended for cars, locomotives, people, pets, cash, art, etc., and include all immovable objects like real estate. The invention can be implemented in several different forms. The following first describes the structure and operation of the basic system common to each embodiment, and then individually describes the detailed parts of each embodiment. [Basic Structure and Operation] Fig. 1 is a diagram for explaining the overall structure of the moving body monitoring system of the present invention. The mobile body monitoring system of the present invention is used to detect abnormalities such as theft and theft of mobile bodies, and theft, as well as coping with search by a person who becomes a mobile body of unknown traveler. The portable terminal 2 attached to the mobile body, the payable terminal 4 carried by the attendant, and the monitoring center 6. A base station 10 and a satellite reference station 12 of a mobile phone are connected to the network 8. In addition, the portable terminal 2, the applicable terminal 4 and the satellite reference station 12 use GPS (Global Positioning System) satellite 14 to obtain its own position information. That is, GPS satellites are equipped in satellite orbits of more than 24 bases now. GPS is a system that receives radio waves from multiple satellites launched into Earth orbit to determine the latitude, longitude and altitude of the current location. That is to say, part of the US military developers is used for calculations in places open to the public. As long as a small antenna and a small processing device are available, the position can be specified with an accuracy of several meters to tens of meters. The portable terminal 2 and the corresponding terminal 4 have GPS reception-13- 1235967. V. Description of the invention (12) Function and portable telephone communication function, can obtain its own position data based on signals from GPS satellite 1 4 And use the wireless telephone line to communicate with the base station 10. The satellite reference station 12 is fixed at a designated position and grasps its correct position. The satellite reference station 12 may be provided at a plurality of positions. The satellite reference station 12 compares its designated position with the position information of the signal from the GPS satellite 14 to generate correction information for the position information of the signal from the GPS satellite 14 and provides it to the monitoring center 6 . FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the surveillance center 6. The configuration of the monitoring center 6 includes: a communication section 20 connected to the network 8 for communication; a control section 22 for controlling each block of the monitoring center 6; a position calculation section 24 for calculating a portable terminal 2 and the location of the coping terminal 4; the abnormality monitoring unit 26 is used to detect the occurrence of anomalous events such as theft to instruct designated coping; and the memory unit 28 is used to memorize various information for processing; 1 ^ 州 1 ^ 〇〇 & 1 person ^ & 1 \ ¥ (^ 1〇 are connected to each other. In addition, there is a display section and an operation section which are not shown in the figure. The display section shows the current position of the moving body. The movement trajectory, presence or absence, current status, etc. are displayed on the monitor to support the operation of the monitor. In addition, the operation unit is a device for the monitor to perform input operations, and a keyboard or a mouse is used. Obtain the GPS position information reported by the portable terminal 2 and the compatible terminal 4 and can communicate the information of the base station 10 with the terminals 2 and 4 and the calibration information from the satellite base station 12 to calculate the portable terminal 2 and the correct positions of the cooperating terminal 4. The calculated positions of the portable terminal 2 and the cooperating terminal -14-1235967 V. Description of the invention (u) Information is transferred to the abnormality monitoring section 26. In addition, The position information of the portable terminal 2 and the cooperating terminal 4 are sequentially stored in the memory unit 28, so that it is correlated with the receiving time. The abnormality monitoring unit 26 can be configured to use the information read from the memory unit 28. Position information. For example, the position calculation unit 24 has a position request function and a position receiving function. The position request function is to request the current position of the portable terminal 2 and send a position information request command to the portable terminal 2. The position receiving The information function is to accept the position information of the portable terminal 2 in response to the position information request command. The position information includes the latitude and longitude to indicate the point position of the portable terminal 2 and the error information of the point position. The error information will be It will be described later. The abnormality monitoring unit 26 obtains the position information of the portable terminal 2 from the position calculating unit 24 or the memory unit 28. In addition, when the portable terminal 2 is provided with When a sensor is used to detect information other than the position, the abnormality monitoring unit 26 obtains the information detected by the sensor via the communication unit 20. For example, the sensor is used to detect a specified phenomenon such as vibration. The abnormality monitoring unit 26 Either one or both of the position information and the detection information of the sensor are used to determine whether the mobile unit equipped with the portable terminal 2 has been stolen. When it is determined that an abnormality has occurred, the abnormality monitoring section 26 According to the position information related to the payable terminal 4 obtained from the position calculation unit 24 or the memory unit 28, the payable staff near the moving body where the abnormality has occurred is selected. The selected payable staff is instructed to search for the payable of the moving body, etc. The instruction is made by the monitor of the monitoring center 6. In addition, the abnormality monitoring unit 26 can also be configured to 'automatically notify the payable person of the preset -15-1235967 when it is determined that an abnormality has occurred. 14) Settlement instructions. The memory section 28 may have a function as a position information buffer, and the position calculation section 24 calculates the position information in the manner described above. By not only storing the current position information but also the past position information for a specified time portion in the memory section, the abnormality monitoring section 26 performs processing for grasping the movement trajectory. In addition, the memory function of the memory section 28 is also used to memorize the position error table described later and information of a moving object that is registered in each portable terminal in advance as a monitoring target. The type of information of a moving body varies depending on whether the moving body is a vehicle or a person, for example, it includes a vehicle type, a mobile number, a manufacturing company, a color, a name, a gender, a domicile, a telephone number, an e-mail address, an identification number, and an accessory of the terminal device. Name, gender, residence, face photo, birthday, identification number, mobile phone number. FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of the portable terminal 2. The configuration of the portable terminal 2 includes a wireless communication section 50, an operation section 52, a control section 54, and a power source 56. In addition, a sensor 5 8 for detecting information other than the position may be provided as required. The wireless communication unit 50 includes a GPS receiving unit 70, a CDMA receiving unit 72, and a communication unit 74. The function of the GPS receiver 70 is to receive GPS signals from GPS satellites 14. The function realized by the CDMA receiving unit 72 is to receive a base station signal (hereinafter referred to as a CDMA signal) from the base station 10 of the portable telephone. The communication unit 74 communicates with the monitoring sensor 6 via the network 8. The operation unit 52 is an output device, and is used by a user to perform a setting operation for bringing the portable terminal 2 into a monitoring state and a releasing operation for releasing the state. The operation unit 52 is constituted by, for example, a touch of a decimal key, etc. -16-1235967 V. Description of the invention () 5) type switch. The control unit 54 is composed of a microprocessor, a semiconductor memory, and the like, and controls the entire portable terminal and the like. The details will be described later. The power source 56 is a rechargeable battery for supplying power to various parts. The portable terminal 2 in this system has at least two modules including a setting operation module of the operation section 5 2 and a communication module of the wireless communication section 50, constituting a detachable method. In addition, when the portable terminal 2 requires the sensor 58, a sensor module including the sensor 58 may be included as another model. Fig. 4, Fig. 5, and Fig. 6 are rough block diagrams, which are used to represent the three modules of these portable terminals 2, respectively. Fig. 4 is a communication module, and Fig. 5 is a setting operation module. Figure 6 shows the sensor module. In addition to the wireless communication section 50, the communication module section includes: a control section 80 for controlling various parts of the communication module; a memory section 82 for storing data used by the control section 80; and an external device The connection interface 84 'connects to a setting operation module or a sensor module. In addition, the communication module further includes: a battery pack 86 as a power source 56; a power switch 88 for converting ON / OFF of the power source; and a monitoring LED (Light Emission Diode) 90 for displaying whether it is in a monitoring state. In addition to the operation unit 52, the setting operation module includes a control unit 100, which sends a control signal according to a signal from the operation unit 52 to instruct the start / stop of the monitoring of the communication module; the connection interface 1 02, which is connected to the communication module; and display section 104, which is used to display the input contents of the operation section 52 and the like. -17- 1235967 V. Description of the invention (16) The sensor module is connected to the communication module when monitoring the theft of a moving body. The sensor module shown in FIG. 6 is configured for theft monitoring of a vehicle, and its structure includes: a vibration sensor 1 10 for detecting vibrations caused by the movement of the vehicle, etc .; an infrared sensor Π 2 is used to detect the change of the heat source around the sensor module; the judging section Π4 is used to judge whether the specified phenomenon caused by theft occurs according to the output of these sensors; the connection interface 1 1 6 Connected to a communication module; a connection determination unit 1 1 8 for determining whether to be connected to the communication module; and a signal output unit 120 that generates an abnormal signal when the determination unit Π4 detects the occurrence of a specified phenomenon, and eliminates the detection of the specified phenomenon At this time, a reset signal is generated. In addition, the determination section 114 includes: a vibration determination section 122 for determining the occurrence / stop of vibration based on the output of the vibration sensor 110; and a transfer determination section 1 24 for using the output of the infrared sensor 112 to It is determined whether or not the loading place of the portable terminal 2 has been transferred. The configuration that allows the setting operation module to be freely separated from the communication module is used to eliminate a third party's arbitrary setting operation. The portable terminal 2 becomes a monitoring mode or a release mode. In addition, when the operation section can distinguish the setting / release operation section related to the setting of the monitoring mode or the release mode, and other operation sections not related to the setting of the monitoring mode or the release mode, it can also only set the operation mode. The group is provided with a setting / cancellation operation section, and other operation sections are provided in other modules such as a communication module. The operations of the surveillance sensor 6 and the portable terminal 2 will be described below. The monitoring sensor 6 is provided with an authentication server and an application server, which are used to enter -18-1235967. V. Description of the invention (17) Answer questions from the user ’s current location, monitor the abnormality of the portable terminal 2, etc. And coping with the exception. In addition, various communication devices such as a telephone, FAX, and Internet e-mail can be used between the user and the monitoring sensor 6. When the monitoring sensor 6 receives an inquiry from the user regarding the location of the mobile body, it sends a position information request command to the portable terminal 2 attached to the mobile body. The position information request command is sent from the communication unit 20 to the network 8 and is transmitted to the portable terminal 2 via the nearest base station 10 of the portable terminal 2. In other words, when the portable terminal 2 is turned on, the mobile terminal 2 receives a signal for about one minute and receives a CDMA signal from one or more nearby base stations 10 at this timing. In addition, the receiving interval is not limited to this method, and it can also be selected appropriately according to the moving body, once every few seconds or once every tens of minutes. When the portable terminal 2 receives the location information request command, the GPS signal received at this time and the CDMA signal of the base station 10 are added with their own ID code (identification code) as the location information data from the wireless communication unit 50 through The base station 10 and the network 8 send a signal to the monitoring sensor 6. At this time, the communication section 20 of the surveillance sensor 6 performs authentication to prevent theft, and transmits the position information data of the self-contained portable terminal 2 to the position calculation section 24. In the position calculation unit 24, it is judged how many GPS signals and how many CDMA signals are in the position information data of the self-portable terminal 2. Even if the portable terminal 2 cannot receive the GPS signal from the 3 base GPS satellite 14, the position calculation unit 24 uses the CDMA signal from the base station 10 to complement the GPS signal, and calculates based on the principle of 3-point measurement, etc. Location of the portable terminal 2. In addition, the position calculation unit 24 uses the satellite error data obtained from the satellite reference station 12 in addition to the position information of the portable terminal 2 in addition to the information received from -19-1235967. V. Invention Description (18) The position of the portable terminal 2 is calculated. The position calculated by the position calculation unit 24 is stored in the memory unit 28 and used by the abnormality monitoring unit 26. The calculation result of the position where the storage section 28 stores the portable terminal 2 makes it correlated with the reception time of the ID code and the position information. For example, the abnormality monitoring unit 26 uses the location information of the mobile body obtained from the memory unit 28 to communicate to the user in various ways, including using a telephone to communicate the current location of the mobile body, or marking the location of the mobile body on a map, and using FAX Send a message, or send a map of the location of the moving object by e-mail. In addition, in the above-mentioned structure, the position calculation unit 24 is set on the same side as the abnormality monitoring unit 26, but the position calculation unit 24 may be set as a position calculation center on a side different from the monitoring center 6. In this case, the portable terminal 2 sends the location information to the location calculation center. The location calculation center calculates the position coordinates of the portable terminal 2 and calculates the used error information (for example, it can receive information). The number of GPS satellites 14 and the base station 10, the configuration of the GPS satellites 14 and the base station 10, and the reception strength) are used as location information, and they are transmitted to the portable terminal 2. The portable terminal 2 sends the location information received from the location calculation center to the monitoring center 6. In this structure, because the system can be constructed or the position calculation center (for calculating the position of the moving body) and the monitoring center 6 (for monitoring, searching, etc. of the moving body) can be completely separated, the position calculation center is changed. And other location information becomes easier to take advantage of.
在此處，携帶式終端機2和基地台1 0之間利用CDMA -20- 1235967 五、發明説明（19) 方式之携帶式電話系統進行通信，利用此種方式在携帶式 終端機2和基地台1 〇之間可以經由網路8進行資料通信 。CDMA方式稱爲編碼擴散多元連接之通信方式。另外， 終端裝置之通信方式並不只限於該CDMA方式，亦可以使 用其他之方式。資料通信服務之通信速度可以進行從基地 台10朝向携帶式終端機2爲64kbps，反方向爲14.4 . kbps之分封通信。 [第1實施例] 本發明之第1實施例之移動體監視系統具備有上述之基 本之構造和動作。下面將根據上述之基本構造和動作，用 來說明第1實施例。第7圖是携帶式終端機2之動作流程 圖，第8圖是監視中心6之動作流程圖。 接受位置監視服務之使用者携帶該携帶式終端機2的外 出。在此處是使用者坐汽車外出，停車在停車場後，監視 該汽車之被盜，下面以此情況進行說明。 在携帶式終端機2具有2個模態，亦即，接受位置監視 服務時所設定之監視模態和未接受位置監視服務時所設定 之解除模態。當使用者離開汽車時’利用携帶式終端機2 之操作部52進行監視模態之設定（set)操作。例如’將#和 *之鍵同時按下超過指定之時間（步驟S200)。 携帶式終端機2之控制部54在監視模態***作設定時 就檢測本身之位置資訊（步驟S205)。在此處假如携帶式終 端機2可以檢測位置資訊時’就從通信部74 ’將本身之 ID碼和表示被設定在監視模態之監視設定信號及該時刻 -21 - 1235967 五、發明説明（2G) 之位置is號’發訊到監視中心6 (步驟S 2 1 0)。另外，在控 制部54預先記憶有本身之ID碼，監視中心6之對象碼， 監視設定柄號碼’和表不解除監視之監視解除信號碼。 例如，當汽車停車在地下之停車場之情況等，於不能接 受到來自GPS衛星之GPS信號或來自基地台10之CDMA 信號時，因爲不能檢測本身之位置資訊，所以等待對監視 中心6發送信號。在此種情況，監視中心6不能進行汽車 之位置監視。在汽車有被盜而移動之情況時，在GPS收訊 部70成爲可以收訊GPS信號等之狀況（例如從地下停車場 出來）之時刻，自動的利用GPS收訊部70等檢測現在位置 ，經由通信部74將本身之ID碼和監視設定信號及位置資 訊一起發訊到監視中心6。 在監視中心6以通信部20接受發訊自携帶式終端機2 之ID碼，監視設定信號和該時刻之位置資訊（步驟s 3 00) ，將該位置資訊傳達到位置計算部24，利用計算部24所 計算出之携帶式終端機2之位置被記憶在記憶部28 (步驟 S305) 〇 在携帶式終端機2，於步驟S210將監視設定信號等發 訊到監視中心6之後，以指定之時間間隔（例如5分鐘間 隔），檢測其後之位置資訊，將其發訊到監視中心6 (步驟 S2 1 5)。該位置資訊之檢測和對監視中心6之發訊重複的 繼續，直至使用者對携帶式終端機2進行監視解除之操作 (步驟 S220)。 然後，回到汽車之使用者設定解除模態用來解除監視模 -22 - 1235967 五、發明説明（21) 態。例如，利用携帶式終端機2之操作部52之十進制鍵 輸入預先設定之密碼，用來設定解除模態。當携帶式終端 機2被設定在解除模態時，經由通信部74將監視解除信 號發訊到監視中心6，然後停止位置資訊之檢測和發訊（步 驟 S225)。 在監視中心6，於步驟S3 05記憶携帶式終端機2之位 置資訊，和其記憶配合與携帶式終端機2檢測到誤差資訊 對應之指定距離範圍。監視中心6在其後之一定時間內， 例如1 0分鐘內，監視是否收訊到來自携帶式終端機2之 位置資訊（步驟S3 1 0)。該一定時間可以設定成比携帶式終 端機2在步驟S21 5進行發訊之指定時間間隔稍長。另外 ’該一定時間不需要是一個固定之時間間隔，假如携帶式 終端機進行發訊之指時之時間間隔有變更時，亦可以配合 的進行適當之變更。 在此處當監視中心6在一定時間內未收訊到來自携帶式終 端機2之位置資訊時，因爲携帶式終端機2可能被破壞， 所以在顯示部顯示該携帶式終端機2變成異常狀態（S3 1 5) ，進行適當之處置。例如，根據最後收訊到之位置資訊，在 顯示部26所顯示之地圖上，顯示携帶式終端機2之位置 ’派遺離該位置最近之應付員到現場，進行汽車之有無和 現況之確認。 在步驟S3 1 0，當收訊到來自携帶式終端機2之其後之 位置資訊時，異常監視部26從記憶部28中讀出與該位置 資訊對應之新的位置，判斷該位置離開步驟S3 05所記憶 -23- 1235967 五、發明説明（22) 之過去位置是否在指定之距離範圍內（步驟S320)。 當判斷爲超過指定距離時，因爲有可能是汽車遭到被盜 ’被移動，所以在監視感測器6之顯示部進行警報之顯示 ，和在地圖上顯示部顯示携帶式終端機2之最新位置 (S3 1 5)。然後，依照順序發訊而來之位置資訊，用來追蹤 被移動之汽車之位置，進行對警察通報等之處置。 其次，在監視中心6，當收訊到來自携帶式終端機2之 監視解除信號時，就結束汽車之位置監視（步驟S325)。在 監視中心6重複進行步驟S3 1 0以後之處理，直至收訊到 監視解除信號。 依照上述之本系統之移動體之位置監視之動作時，携帶 式終端機2之持有者可以根據自己之意思設定移動體之監 視服務之開始或結束。亦即，經由使用者之設定在監視模 態，以任意之移動對象之地點作爲基準位置，自動的設定 在監視中心，用來監視離開該基準位置之移動。在此種構 造中，不需要將移動許可範圍或監視區域預先登錄在監視 中心6。亦即，使用者不需要在監視中心6依照移動對象 變更監視區域，和監視中心6之監視員不需要進行監視區 域之設定，具有使用方便之優良之特徵。 [第2實施例] 本發明之第2實施例之移動體監視系統，亦與第1實施 形態同樣的，具備有上述之基本構造和動作。下面將根據 上述之基本構造和動作，用來說明第2實施例。另外，在 此處將具有位置計算部24之功能之位置計算中心和監視 -24· 1235967 五、發明説明（23) 中心分開的設置。在此種構造中，携帶式終端機2將位置 資訊發訊到位置計算中心。位置計算中心不僅使用來自携 帶式終端機2之資訊，而且亦使用來自衛星基準台1 2之 資訊，用來算出與携帶式終端機2有關之精確度良好之位 置資訊。所算出之位置資訊發訊到携帶式終端機2，携帶 式終端機2將其發訊到監視中心6。 首先說明監視中心6之監視動作之槪略。携帶式終端機 2將監視設定信號，異常信號，復原信號，監視解除信號 和其它之信號發訊到監視中心6。在各個發訊信號附加有 携帶式終端機2之位置資訊，在此種之監視設定信號是指 對監視中心6要求監視移動體之狀態之信號，其發訊是經 由利用携帶式終端機2之操作部52進行監視模態之設定 操作。例如，在監視汽車之停車中之情況時，使用者在將 汽車停車時，操作操作部52，用來發訊監視設定信號。 當監視中心6收訊到來自携帶式終端機2之監視設定信 號時，將附加在該信號之位置資訊登錄在記憶部28，和異 常監視部26開始監視發訊該信號之携帶式終端機2。在該 監視中，當收訊到來自該携帶式終端機2之上述之各種信 號時，就算出誤差區域，根據依照該收訊信號所算出之誤 差區域，和監視開始時登錄之位置資訊之誤差區域之重複 之有無，用來判定携帶式終端機2之移動。在判定爲有移 動之情況時，進行指定之異常處理。另外，當異常監視部 26收訊到來自携帶式終端機2之異常信號時，使異常判定 計時器起動，假如在指定之時間內未收訊到來自携帶式終 -25- 1235967 五、發明説明（24) 端機2之復原信號或解除信號時，就判定爲有異常發生， 進行異常處理。另外，當監視中心6收訊到復原信號時， 異常監視部26就使異常判定計時器停止，用來結束監視 處理。 下面將參照第9圖用來詳細的說明監視中心6之動作。 第9圖表示當監視中心6收訊到來自携帶式終端機2之監 視設定信號之情況時之監視處理流程。 首先，當監視中心6收訊到來自携帶式終端機2之監視 設定信號時，將與監視設定信號一起收訊到之位置資訊一 起記憶在記憶部28，和異常監視部26開始對發送監視設 定信號之携帶式終端機2進行監視（步驟S400)。這時，在 位置資訊，除了以位置計算中心算出之携帶式終端機2之 點位置外，例如亦包含有可收訊之GPS衛星1 4或基地台 10之個數，GPS衛星14和基地台10之配置，及收訊強度 之誤差資訊。使用該誤差資訊算出後面所述之誤差區域。 在記憶部28 —起記憶收訊自携帶式終端機2之位置資訊 和被算出之誤差區域。 當開始監視時，確認後面所述之異常判定計時器是否已 計時到指定之時間（例如5分鐘）（S405)。在監視設定信 號之收訊時，通常異常判定計時器未起動，所以前進到步 驟 S410 ° 在步驟S4 1 0，於監視開始後判定是否收訊到來自携帶 式終端機2之信號。這時之信號除了異常信號’復原信號 ，解除信號（將於後面說明），和監視設定信號外’亦包含 -26- 1235967 五、發明説明（25) 有本流程等未說明之定期發訊信號等。在此處對於其他信 號之處理，因爲與本發明沒有直接之關係，所以爲着簡化 將其省略。另外，在從携帶式終端機2對監視中心6發訊 之信號，基本上全部含有位置資訊。假如在步驟S410收 訊到信號時，根據信號所含之位置資訊中之誤差資訊，算 出誤差區域，該誤差區域，與位置資訊所含之携帶式終端 機2之點位置一起被記憶在記憶部28(S4 15)。另外一方面 ，假如未收訊到信號時，就回到步驟S405。 下面將參照第1 0圖和第1 1圖用來說明步驟S4 1 5之誤 差區域之決定。第1 0圖是用以決定誤差範圍之位置誤差 表之一實例，被記憶在記憶部28。亦即，該表用來表示誤 差資訊和誤差範圍之對應關係，該誤差資訊是算出收訊自 携帶式終端機2之位置資訊所含之携帶式終端機2之位置 座標（點位置）之根據之資訊之細目（位置之算出所使用之 GPS衛星之數目或携帶式電話基地台之數目等）。例如， 在利用來自GPS衛星2基以上之GPS信號和來自携帶式 電話基地台1基之CDMA信號，用來算出位置之情況時， 誤差範圍對應到1 〇m以內，在利用來自GPS衛星1基之 GPS信號和來自携帶式電話基地台1基之CDMA信號，用 來算位置之情況時，對應到30m以內，在不利用GPS衛 星之GPS信號，只利用來自1基之携帶式電話基地台之 CDMA信號，用來算出位置之情況時，對應到100m以內 。另外，此種對應表亦可以依照測位系統之性能和測位方 法等進行適當之決定，並不只限於本實例之方式。亦即， -27- 1235967 五、發明説明（26) 由於時代之不同，假如提高精確度時誤差範圍變小，由於 設備之老化和方式變更而進行變動。 其次，根據以此方式決定之誤差範圍和點位置，用來決 定誤差區域。亦即，誤差區域是以點位置之緯度，經度所 示之位置座標爲中心，以該誤差範圍爲半徑所形成之圓形 區域。如第Π圖所示，分別以十字記號所示之點位置A 、B爲中心，利用統計上之經驗法則，決定誤差範圍爲 10m，3 0m，100m之誤差區域。所決定之誤差區域之結果 是使緯度和經度分別成爲橫軸和縱軸時，在座標系內以圓 之數學式表示。另外，在本實例中爲着簡化使誤差區域成 爲圓形形狀，但是由於取得位置資訊之時刻之GPS衛星之 配置狀況，CDMA基地台之配置狀況，或根據測位地域狀 況之電波傳播狀況，在每一個場所會有不同之地理影響程 度，因爲誤差範圍變成不同，所以亦可以根據每次之上述 狀態用來算出誤差範圍。在此種情況，適當的選擇橢圓 形狀，多角形狀等之各種形狀。 回到第9圖，在步驟S420，判定在步驟S400預先記憶 之監視開始時之位置之誤差區域，和在步驟S420決定之 誤差區域是互相重疊或互相分離，和判定其一方是否被包 含在另外一方。如第1 1圖所示，例如算出點位置A作爲 監視開始時之移動體之位置，點位置B作爲其後之信號收 訊時之移動體之位置。例如點位置A之誤差範圍爲1 〇〇m 之誤差區域（圓500)和點位置B之誤差範圍爲1 〇〇m之誤 差區域（圓510) ’在該等之誤差區域具有重複部份。這時， -28- 1235967 五、發明説明（27) 判定爲携帶式終端機2沒有移動，前進到步驟S425。亦 即，當實際之移動體存在有重複部份時，依照位置資訊之 取得狀況，有可能判定移動體之位置是點位置A或點位置 B之任何一方。因此，在誤差區域有重複之情況時，因爲 有可能移動體未移動，所以不判定爲有移動。 另外一方面，在點位置A之誤差範圍爲1 〇〇m之誤差區 域（圓500)和點位置B之誤差範圍爲30m之誤差區域（圓 5 11)，因爲誤差區域不重複（誤差區域之圓500和圓511互 相分離），所以判定爲移動體有移動，因爲有可能被盜， 所以判定爲有異常發生，在監視中心6於顯示部進行異常 顯示。異常顯示含異常發生之有無，位置資訊，移動體之 基礎資訊等。監視員可以觀看該異常顯示，使應付者急速 到現場，或聯絡使用者等適當之應付。 在步驟S425，判定是否收訊到異常信號。假如有異常 信號時就使異常判定計時器起動（步驟S430)，然後回到步 驟S405。在步驟S405，當該異常判定計時器計數到指定 時間（例如5分鐘）時，就前進到步驟S4 5 0，進行與上述者 同樣之異常處理。另外，當收訊到來自携帶式終端機2之 復原信號時，就使異常判定計時器之計時結束，回到步驟 S405(步驟S43 5，S440)。另外，當收訊到解除信號時，就 結束監視，離開該流程（S445)。另外一方面，在監視開始 後，當收訊自携帶式終端機2之信號是異常信號，復原信 號’解除信號以外之信號之情況時，就回到步驟S405， 重複進行同樣之處理。 -29- 1235967 五、發明説明（28) 在本實施例中是以監視開始之位置作爲基準，用來判定 移動之有無，但是並不只限於此種方式，亦可以利用監視 開始後之不同之2個時刻之位置資訊，用來判定移動之有 無。或是利用3個以上之位置資訊用來判定移動之有無。 另外’在本實施例中是在位置計算中心決定點位置和誤 差範圍，但是亦可以依照携帶式終端機2本身收訊到之測 位信號用來決定點位置和誤差範圍，將其發訊到監視中心。 另外，在本實施例中是將位置計算中心所算出之位置資 訊從携帶式終端機2發訊到監視中心6，但是亦可以從位 置計算中心直接發訊到監視中心6。 在上述方式之本系統中，因爲移動體之移動判定之進行 有考慮到測位系統之測位精確度，所以可以減小實際之位 置和測位之位置之誤差變動之影響。因此，可以減少由於 誤差變動而引起之移動判定之誤判，在誤差較少之情況時 可以使移動判定處理快速化。 [第3實施例] 本發明之第3實施例之移動體監視系統，與上述之各個 實施例同樣的，具備有上述之基本構造和動作。本實施例 所說明之移動體監視系統在携帶式終端機2具備有感測器 用來檢測位置以外之資訊，成爲檢測汽車等之車輛之被盜 之系統。下面將根據上述之基本構造和動作，用來說明第 3實施例。另外’在此處是將位置計算部24如第2圖所示 的配置在監視中心6。 首先說明本系統之動作之槪略。由本系統之車輛被盜檢 -30- 1235967 五、發明説明（29) 測服務之使用者操作携帶式終端機2 ’利用該携帶式終端 機2用來設定被盜監視動作之開始和停止。下面將進行被 盜監視之携帶式終端機2之狀態稱爲設定狀態，將停止被 盜監視之携帶式終端機2之狀態稱爲解除狀態。 使用者將車輛停車，於離開車輛之前，從携帶式終端機 2成爲設定狀態。實質上是使用者設定操作模組連接在通 信模組，使電源開關88成爲ON狀態後，從操作部52進 行指定之監視設定輸入，用來使構成携帶式終端機2之通 信模組成爲設定狀態。在本系統中，從轉移到該設定狀態 之通信模組，將設定操作模組拆下，代替的將感測器模組 連接到通信模組。 當通信模組成爲設定狀態時，對監視中心6發訊監視設定 信號，當監視中心6收訊到監視設定信號時，就開始監視 裝載有該携帶式終端機2之車輛有無被盜。另外，當使通 信模組連接感測器模組時，根據該振動感測器110和紅外 線感測器1 12之輸出，產生異常信號和復原信號，將其發 訊到監視中心。開始監視之監視中心6根據從通信模組通 報之異常信號，復原信號，判定車輛是否被盜，在判定爲 發生被盜之情況時，依照上述之方式對該應付者終端機4 指示進行應付。 另外一方面，當使用回到車輛時使携帶式終端機2成爲 解除狀態。實質上使用者從通信模組拆下感測器模組，代 替的將操作模組連接在通信模組，從操作部52進行指定 之監視解除輸入，用來使通信模組成爲解除狀態。 -31- 1235967 30 五、發明説明（） 當通信模組成爲解除狀態時，對監視中心6發訊監視解 除信號，當監視中心6收訊到監視解除信號時，就停止監 視裝載有該携帶式終端機2之車輛之有無被盜。 下面使用第1 2圖〜第1 7圖用來說明携帶式終端機2之 更詳細之動作，然後使用第1 7圖用來說明監視中心6之 更詳細之動作。 第1 2圖是從解除狀態轉移成爲設定狀態時之通信模組 之處理流程圖。通信模組在解除狀態監視來自外部機器連 接用介面84之輸入，檢測監視設定輸入（S600)，開始成 爲設定狀態之轉移處理。在該轉移處理時，根據從設定操 作模組輸入之操作信號，當可以驗證是由正常之使用者操 作時，無線通信部50收訊來自GPS衛星14之信號，藉以 取得通信模組之現在之位置資訊（S605)，控制部80向監 視中心6送出包含該位置資訊和監視開始信號之資料 (S610)。從通信模組朝向監視中心6，送出之資料，首先 利用携帶式電話通信線路，從無線通信部50以無線電傳 送到基地台1 〇，其次經由網路8從基地台1 0傳送到監視 中心6。然後，控制部80將成爲監視模態之資訊收納在記 憶部82(S615)，通信模組轉移成爲設定狀態（S602)。依照 上述之方式，然後從通信模組拆下設定操作模組，代替的 將感測器模組連接在通信模組。 設定狀態之通信模組之動作，使用第16圖於後面說明。 第1 3圖〜第1 5圖表示構成携帶式終端機2之感測器模 組之動作，首先，第1 3圖是振動判定處理之處理流程圖 •32- 1235967 五、發明説明（31 ) 。設定狀態之通信模組連接在感測器模組，利用兩者間之 指定信號之發訊/收訊等，當連接判定部1 1 8檢測到該連 接時（S700)，振動判定部122就開始處理。當振動感測器 110感測到該振動時，振動判定部122在基本上之指定之 持續時間，繼續輸出振動檢測信號。 振動判定部122在感測器振動時（S705)，假如沒有保持 振動檢測信號之輸出（S7 10)，就開始振動檢測信號之輸出 (S71 5)，起動保持計時器用來計數振動檢測信號之持續時 間（S720)。另外一方面，在步驟S710，當保持振動檢測信 號之輸出之情況時，振動判定部1 22保持振動檢測信號之 輸出，使保持計時器再度起動（S725)。亦即，保持計時器 從感測到有新振動之時刻起，開始持續時間之計時。 在步驟S705，當未感測到振動之情況時，就判定爲保 持計時器之時間已到（S73 0)。在保持計時器爲時間已到之 情況時，解除振動檢測信號之輸出保持（S735)，另外一方 面，在不是時間已到之情況時，繼續振動檢測信號之輸出 保持。另外，持續時間之決定是根據例如機械式停車場之 控制器之一次移動之平均繼續時間，繼續產生之二次之控 制器移動之平均時間間隔，車輛之一次之前進到停止之時 間，由於等符信號等之平均停止時間等。實質上，當停車 在機械式停車場之情況時，利用保持計時器之再起動，基 本上可以防止振動檢測信號之繼續時間超過後面所述之監 視中心6之猶豫時間，另外一方面，在窃盜者開走車輛之 情況時，車輛行走時之振動即使由於等待信號而中斷，經 -33- 1235967 五、發明説明（32 ) 由保持計時器之再起動使振動檢測信號之持續時間基本上 超過監視中心6之猶豫時間，以此方式設定振動檢測信號 之持續時間。例如，該持續時間可以設定爲1分鐘之程度。 以上之步驟S705〜S735之處理反復的進行，直至連接 判定部Π 8檢測到通信模組未連接在感測器模組（S740)。 另外一方面，在檢測到未與通信模組連接之情況時，振動 判定部122就結束處理（S745)。 第14圖是轉移判定處理之處理流程圖。當連接判定部 1 1 8檢測到設定狀態之通信模組連接在感測器模組時（S800) ，轉移判定部124就開始處理。紅外線感測器1 12感測周 圍之紅外線量之變化，另外，在其前後之指定時間內（例 如5秒鐘內），當檢測到有振動時（S8 1 0)，從將感測器模組 裝載在車輛之場所移動之可能性很高。在此種情況，轉移 判定部124開始輸出轉移檢測信號用以表示感測器模組之 轉移之可能性（S8 15)，然後保持該轉移檢測信號（S820)。 另外一方面，在步驟S805未感測到紅外線變化之情況 時，和在步驟S8 10於指定時間內未檢測到振動之情況時 ，就不進行指定段之處理。 以上之轉移判定部1 24之處理反複的進行，直至連接判 定部1 1 8檢測到在感測器模組未連接到通信模組（S825)。 另外一方面，當檢測到未與通信模組連接之情況時，轉移 判定部124就結束處理（S83 0)。亦即，保持輸出開始之轉 移檢測信號，直至轉移判定部1 2 4結束處理。 第1 5圖是信號輸出部1 20所進行之處理之流程圖。信 •34- 1235967 五、發明説明（33) 號輸出部1 20判定轉移判定部1 24是否輸出轉移檢測信號 (S900)，在有輸出轉移檢測信號之情況時，開始對通信模 組輸出用以表示異常狀態之信號（S905)。在步驟S900當 判定爲未輸出轉移檢測信號之情況時，振動判定部1 22判 疋是否輸出振動檢測fs號（S 9 1 0)。在有輸出該振動檢測信 號之情況時，開始對通信模組輸出用以表示異常狀態之信 號（S905)。 另外一方面，在轉移檢測信號和振動檢測信號均未被輸 出之情況時（S9 10)，信號輸出部120開始對通信模組輸出 用以表示正常狀態之信號（S9 15)。 根據該轉移檢測信號和振動檢測信號之有無，於通信模 組連接在感測器模組之期間，反復的進行信號輸出部120 之處理 S900 〜S915(S920)。 第1 6圖是設定狀態之通信模組之處理流程圖。如上所 述，當感測器模組根據振動感測器1 1 0和紅外線感測器 112之輸出，判定有發生被盜之慮之情況時，對通信模組 之輸出從表示正常狀態之正常狀態，變更成爲表示異常檢 測之異常狀態。另外一方面，在發生被盜之慮減小之情況 時，從異常狀態變更成爲正常狀態。 通信模組監視來自外部機器連接用介面84之輸入，當 感測器模組檢測到輸出之狀態從正常過渡到異常時（S 1 000) ’收訊GPS衛星14之信號，取得通信模組之現在之位置 資訊（S 1 005)。然後，朝向監視中心6送出包含異常信號（ 表示過渡到異常狀態）和現在之位置資訊之資料（S 1 0 1 0)。 -35- 1235967 五、發明説明（34) 另外一方面，該通信模組在感測器模組檢測到輸出之狀態 從異常過渡到正常之情況時（S 1 020)，收訊GPS衛星14之 信號，取得通信模組之現在之位置資訊（S 1 025)，朝向監 視中心6送出包含復原信號（表示過渡到正常狀態）和現在 之位置資訊之資料（S 1 030)。另外，在狀態沒有變化之情 況時，不進行對監視中心6之資料發訊。 上述之步驟S 1 000〜S 1 030之利用通信模組監視感測器 模組之狀態之處理重複的進行，直至檢測有來自設定操作 模組之監視解除輸入（S 1 050)。通信模組在檢測到有監視 解除輸入時，控制部80將表示解除模態之資訊收納在記 憶部82(S 1 05 5)，通信模組轉移成爲解除狀態，和對監視 中心6送出解除信號（S1060)。 在感測器模組未連接在通信模組之狀態，在通信模組未 被輸入正常狀態和異常狀態之任何一方之信號。因此，即 使窃盜者從通信模組中將感測器模組抽出時，在通信模組 未被輸入正常狀態信號，通信模組不能在步驟S1 020檢測 過渡到正常狀態，亦未將復原信號送出到監視中心6。 下面將說明監視中心6之更詳細之動作。第17圖是以 監視中心6進行之處理之流程圖。監視中心6當收訊在步 驟S610。從携帶式終端機2送出之監視開始信號時（S 11 〇〇) ，開始監視裝載有該携帶式終端機2之車輛，將該車輛之 監視開始時刻之位置登錄在記憶部28(S 1105)。根據與監 視開始信號一起發訊之位置資訊，利用位置計算部24用 來決定車輛（更正確者爲携帶式終端機2)之位置。位置計 -36- 1235967 五、發明説明（35) 算部24使用來自衛星基準台1 2之資訊等，用來校正得自 携帶式終端機2之位置資訊，藉以算出車輛之位置。 另外，携帶式終端機2之位置資訊不僅附加有監視開始 信號，而且附加有從携帶式終端機2發訊到監視中心6之 其他之各種信號。位置計算部24當收訊到來自監視對象 車輛之携帶式終端機2之信號時（Sill 0)，進行與監視開 始時同樣之校正，利用附加在該信號之位置資訊，用來求 得車輛之位置，異常監視部26利用被登錄在記憶部28之 監視開始時刻之位置和最新之位置，用來算出從監視開始 起之車輛之移動距離（S 1 Π 5)。當移動距離超過被判斷爲 車輛被盜之指定之容許距離時（S 1120)，異常監視部26就 判定爲有異常發生，在顯示裝置等進行表示發生異常之顯 示，用來通知在監視中心6之監視員（S 1125)。 當移動距離小於容許距離時（S Π 20)，判定步驟S 1 Π 0 之收訊信號是在步驟S 1 0 1 0發訊自携帶式終端機2之異常 信號（S1130)，或是在步驟S 1 030發訊之復原信號（S1135) ，或是在步驟S 1 050發訊之解除信號（S1140)。 在收訊信號爲異常信號時，異常監視部26開始計時 (S1 145)。另外一方面，在收訊信號爲復原信號時，結束 該計時（S 1 1 50)。在該等情況，繼續猶豫時間之判定處理 S 1 1 60。另外，在步驟S 1 Π 0沒有新收訊信號之情況和收 訊信號不是異常信號，復原信號，解除信號之任何一個之 情況，結束對該車輛之監視（S 11 55)。 在猶豫時間之判定處理S 1 1 60，判定在步驟S 1 1 45開始 -37- 1235967 五、發明説明（36) 之計時時間是否超過指定之猶豫時間。假如計時時間未超 過猶豫時間時，異常監視部26就轉移到是否收訊到新信 號之判定處理S 11 1 0，但是在超過猶豫時間之情況時 (S11 60)，判定爲發生有異常，在顯示裝置等進行表示發 生異常之顯示，用來通知在監視中心6之監視員（S 11 25) 。根據上述携帶式終端機2之保持計時器之持續時間之決 定時之考慮，該猶豫時間與持續時間一起決定。例如，猶 豫時間可以設定在1 0分鐘之程度。 在上述方式之監視中心6，亦可以依照在猶豫時間以外 ，車輛之移動距離是否在容許距離範圍內用來判定被盜， 被盜車輛以適當之時序使移動，停止重複進行，避免保持 計時器之再起動，即使發出復原信號亦可以檢測被盜。 當在監視中心6檢測到有被盜時，被通知之監視員將異 常告知系統使用者之登錄聯絡對象，和指定離被盜車輛最 近之携帶有應付用終端機4之應付員，根據該應付終端機 4所送出之位置資訊指定，通知被盜車輛之特徵等，採取 搜索之應付。 依照該車輛被盜檢測系統時，設置在汽車之携帶式終端 機2對監視中心6發訊與各種狀態對應之信號，以監視中 心6進行是否被盜之判定。監視中心6把握携帶式終端機 2之狀態的進行判定，可以用來抑制誤報或漏報。 [產業上之利用可能性] 如上所述，本發明之移動體監視系統，和其監視中心所 使用之移動體監視裝置，移動體監視方法，以及於移動體 -38- 1235967 五、發明説明（37) 監視中之移動體判定方法可以用來監視汽車等之車輛，或 現金，美術品等之被盜之發生，藉以防止損害之發生，和 在人，寵物等之行蹤不明時，可以用來進行搜索。特別是 本發明提供監視服務，即使使用者移動到全區域之任何位 置時，使用者亦不會有感覺不同，可以提高方便性。另外 ，可以抑制誤報，漏報藉以提高監視精確度。利用該等特 徵，本發明之移動體監視系統可以以多個使用者爲對象’ 進行大區域之服務。 [符號之說明] 2 携帶式終端機 4 應付用終端機 6 監視中心 8 網路 10 基地台 12 衛星基準台 14 GPS衛星 20 通信號 22,54,80 控制部 24 位置計算部 26 異常監視部 28,82 記憶部 50 無線通信部 52 操作部 104 顯示部 114 判定部 -39·Here, CDMA -20-1235967 is used between the portable terminal 2 and the base station 10 to communicate with the portable telephone system of the method (19) of the invention, and in this way, the portable terminal 2 and the base station are used for communication. The stations 10 can communicate with each other via the network 8. The CDMA method is called a communication method of code diffusion multiple connection. In addition, the communication method of the terminal device is not limited to the CDMA method, and other methods may be used. The communication speed of the data communication service can be 64kbps from the base station 10 to the portable terminal 2 and the reverse direction is 14. 4. kbps packet communication. [First embodiment] A mobile body monitoring system according to a first embodiment of the present invention has the basic structure and operation described above. The first embodiment will be described below based on the above-mentioned basic structure and operation. Fig. 7 is an operation flow chart of the portable terminal 2, and Fig. 8 is an operation flow chart of the monitoring center 6. The user who receives the location monitoring service goes out with the portable terminal 2 in mind. Here, the user goes out in a car and parks in a parking lot to monitor the theft of the car. This situation will be described below. The portable terminal 2 has two modes, that is, a monitoring mode set when the position monitoring service is received and a release mode set when the position monitoring service is not received. When the user leaves the car, the operation mode 52 of the portable terminal 2 is used to perform the setting operation of the monitoring mode. For example, 'the keys of # and * are pressed simultaneously for more than a specified time (step S200). The control unit 54 of the portable terminal 2 detects its own position information when the monitoring mode is operated and set (step S205). Here, if the portable terminal 2 can detect the position information, the communication unit 74 will set its own ID code and the monitoring setting signal indicating that it is in the monitoring mode and the time -21-1235967 V. Description of the invention ( 2G) to the monitoring center 6 (step S 2 1 0). In addition, the control unit 54 previously stores its own ID code, the object code of the monitoring center 6, the monitoring setting handle number ', and the monitoring release signal code indicating the release of monitoring. For example, when the car is parked in an underground parking lot and cannot receive GPS signals from GPS satellites or CDMA signals from the base station 10, it cannot wait to send signals to the monitoring center 6 because it cannot detect its own position information. In this case, the monitoring center 6 cannot monitor the position of the car. When the car is stolen and moves, when the GPS receiving unit 70 can receive GPS signals (for example, when coming out of an underground parking lot), the current position is automatically detected by the GPS receiving unit 70, etc. The communication unit 74 sends its own ID code to the monitoring center 6 together with the monitoring setting signal and location information. The monitoring center 6 receives the ID code of the self-portable terminal 2 via the communication unit 20, monitors the setting signal and the position information at that time (step s 3 00), transmits the position information to the position calculation unit 24, and uses the calculation The position of the portable terminal 2 calculated by the unit 24 is stored in the memory unit 28 (step S305). On the portable terminal 2, the monitoring setting signal and the like are transmitted to the monitoring center 6 in step S210, and then designated. Time interval (for example, 5 minute interval), detecting the subsequent position information, and sending it to the monitoring center 6 (step S2 1 5). The detection of the position information and the transmission of the monitoring center 6 are repeated until the user performs the monitoring release operation on the portable terminal 2 (step S220). Then, return to the car user to set the release mode to release the monitoring mode -22-1235967 V. Description of the invention (21) mode. For example, using the decimal key of the operating unit 52 of the portable terminal 2 to input a preset password for setting the release mode. When the portable terminal 2 is set in the release mode, the monitoring release signal is transmitted to the monitoring center 6 via the communication section 74, and then the detection and transmission of the position information is stopped (step S225). In the monitoring center 6, the position information of the portable terminal 2 is memorized in step S305, and a specified distance range corresponding to the error information detected by the portable terminal 2 is matched with its memory. The monitoring center 6 monitors whether or not it receives position information from the portable terminal 2 within a certain period of time, for example, within 10 minutes (step S3 10). The certain time can be set to be slightly longer than the specified time interval at which the portable terminal 2 performs the transmission in step S21 5. In addition, the certain time does not need to be a fixed time interval. If the time interval during which the portable terminal sends a signal is changed, an appropriate change can also be made in cooperation. Here, when the monitoring center 6 does not receive the position information from the portable terminal 2 within a certain period of time, because the portable terminal 2 may be damaged, it is displayed on the display section that the portable terminal 2 becomes abnormal (S3 1 5) and take appropriate measures. For example, based on the last received location information, the location of the portable terminal 2 is displayed on the map displayed on the display section 26. The person closest to the location is dispatched to the scene to confirm the presence and status of the car. . In step S3 10, when receiving the position information from the portable terminal 2 thereafter, the abnormality monitoring section 26 reads a new position corresponding to the position information from the memory section 28, and judges that the position leaves the step. Stored in S3 05-23-1235967 V. Description of invention (22) Whether the past position is within the specified distance (step S320). When it is judged that it exceeds the specified distance, the car may be stolen and moved. Therefore, the alarm display is performed on the display section of the monitoring sensor 6, and the latest display of the portable terminal 2 is displayed on the map display section. Position (S3 1 5). Then, the location information sent in sequence is used to track the location of the car being moved, and to deal with police reports and the like. Next, at the monitoring center 6, when the monitoring release signal from the portable terminal 2 is received, the position monitoring of the car is ended (step S325). The monitoring center 6 repeats the processing from step S3 to 10 until the monitoring release signal is received. When the position monitoring of the mobile body is performed according to the above-mentioned system, the holder of the portable terminal 2 can set the start or end of the monitoring service of the mobile body according to his own wishes. That is, in the monitoring mode set by the user, the position of an arbitrary moving object is used as the reference position, and it is automatically set in the monitoring center to monitor the movement away from the reference position. In this configuration, it is not necessary to register the movement permission range or monitoring area in the monitoring center 6 in advance. That is, the user does not need to change the monitoring area at the monitoring center 6 according to the moving object, and the monitor of the monitoring center 6 does not need to set the monitoring area, which has the advantage of being easy to use. [Second Embodiment] The mobile body monitoring system according to the second embodiment of the present invention is also provided with the basic structure and operation described above, as in the first embodiment. The second embodiment will be described below based on the above-mentioned basic structure and operation. In addition, the position calculation center with the function of the position calculation unit 24 and the monitoring -24 · 1235967 are set here separately from the center of the invention description (23). In this configuration, the portable terminal 2 sends position information to a position calculation center. The position calculation center not only uses the information from the portable terminal 2 but also uses the information from the satellite reference station 12 to calculate the position information with good accuracy related to the portable terminal 2. The calculated position information is sent to the portable terminal 2, and the portable terminal 2 sends it to the monitoring center 6. First, the strategy of the monitoring operation of the monitoring center 6 will be described. The portable terminal 2 sends a monitoring setting signal, an abnormal signal, a reset signal, a monitoring release signal and other signals to the monitoring center 6. The position information of the portable terminal 2 is added to each transmission signal. The monitoring setting signal in this type refers to a signal requesting the monitoring center 6 to monitor the state of the mobile body. The transmission is made by using the portable terminal 2 The operation unit 52 performs a setting operation of the monitoring mode. For example, when monitoring the parking situation of a car, when the user parks the car, the user operates the operation unit 52 to send a monitoring setting signal. When the monitoring center 6 receives the monitoring setting signal from the portable terminal 2, it registers the position information attached to the signal in the memory section 28, and the abnormality monitoring section 26 starts to monitor the portable terminal 2 sending the signal. . In this monitoring, when the above-mentioned various signals from the portable terminal 2 are received, the error area is calculated, and the error of the location information registered at the start of the monitoring is based on the error area calculated according to the received signal and the monitoring The presence or absence of area duplication is used to determine the movement of the portable terminal 2. When it is judged that there is movement, the designated abnormality processing is performed. In addition, when the abnormality monitoring unit 26 receives an abnormality signal from the portable terminal 2, the abnormality determination timer is started. If no abnormality is received from the portable terminal within a specified period of time-25-1235967 V. Description of the invention (24) When the reset signal or the release signal of the terminal 2 is judged, an abnormality has occurred, and abnormal processing is performed. When the monitoring center 6 receives the reset signal, the abnormality monitoring unit 26 stops the abnormality determination timer to end the monitoring processing. The operation of the monitoring center 6 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 shows the monitoring processing flow when the monitoring center 6 receives the monitoring setting signal from the portable terminal 2. First, when the monitoring center 6 receives the monitoring setting signal from the portable terminal 2, the position information received together with the monitoring setting signal is memorized in the memory section 28, and the abnormality monitoring section 26 starts to send the monitoring setting. The signal portable terminal 2 is monitored (step S400). At this time, in addition to the point position of the portable terminal 2 calculated by the position calculation center, the position information includes, for example, the number of GPS satellites 14 or base stations 10 that can receive signals, GPS satellites 14 and base stations 10 Configuration, and error information of the receiving strength. This error information is used to calculate an error region described later. In the memory section 28, the position information of the self-portable terminal 2 received and the calculated error area are memorized. When monitoring is started, it is confirmed whether or not an abnormality determination timer described later has counted to a specified time (for example, 5 minutes) (S405). When monitoring the reception of the set signal, the abnormality determination timer is usually not started, so it proceeds to step S410 °. At step S4 10, it is determined whether the signal from the portable terminal 2 is received after the monitoring is started. In addition to the abnormal signal 'recovery signal, release signal (to be described later), and monitoring setting signal', the signal at this time also contains -26-1235967 V. Description of the invention (25) There are periodic signaling signals not described in this process and so on . The processing of other signals here is not directly related to the present invention, so they are omitted for simplicity. In addition, the signals transmitted from the portable terminal 2 to the monitoring center 6 basically include position information. If a signal is received in step S410, an error area is calculated based on the error information in the position information included in the signal, and the error area is stored in the memory together with the point position of the portable terminal 2 included in the position information. 28 (S4 15). On the other hand, if no signal is received, it returns to step S405. The determination of the error area in step S4 15 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. FIG. 10 is an example of a position error table for determining the error range, and is stored in the memory section 28. That is, the table is used to indicate the correspondence between the error information and the error range. The error information is the basis for calculating the position coordinates (point position) of the portable terminal 2 included in the position information of the self-portable terminal 2 received. Details of the information (the number of GPS satellites used or the number of mobile phone base stations used to calculate the location, etc.). For example, when using a GPS signal from two or more GPS satellites and a CDMA signal from a mobile phone base station to calculate the position, the error range corresponds to within 10 m. The GPS signal and the 1-base CDMA signal from the base station of the mobile phone are used to calculate the position, which corresponds to within 30m. The GPS signal from the GPS satellite is not used, and only the base-station base station is used. CDMA signal, when used to calculate the position, corresponds to within 100m. In addition, such a correspondence table can also be appropriately determined according to the performance of the positioning system and the positioning method, and is not limited to the method of this example. That is, -27-1235967 V. Description of the invention (26) Due to different times, if the error range becomes smaller when the accuracy is increased, it will change due to the aging of the equipment and the change of the method. Secondly, according to the error range and point position determined in this way, it is used to determine the error area. That is, the error area is a circular area formed by the latitude of the point position, the position coordinates indicated by the longitude as the center, and the error range as the radius. As shown in Fig. Π, the point positions A and B indicated by the cross marks are used as the center, and the statistical error rule is used to determine the error range of 10m, 30m, and 100m. As a result of the determined error region, when the latitude and longitude become the horizontal axis and the vertical axis, respectively, the mathematical formula of the circle is used in the coordinate system. In addition, in this example, the error area is rounded for simplicity. However, due to the configuration status of GPS satellites at the time of obtaining position information, the configuration status of CDMA base stations, or the radio wave propagation status according to the location area, A place will have different degrees of geographical influence, because the error range becomes different, so it can also be used to calculate the error range based on the above state each time. In this case, various shapes such as an elliptical shape and a polygonal shape are appropriately selected. Returning to FIG. 9, in step S420, it is determined whether the error area of the position at the start of monitoring in step S400 and the error area determined in step S420 overlap or separate from each other, and determine whether one of them is included in another Party. As shown in Fig. 11, for example, point position A is calculated as the position of the moving body at the start of monitoring, and point position B is used as the position of the moving body at the time of subsequent signal reception. For example, the error range of the point position A is 100 m (circle 500) and the error range of the point position B is 1000 m (circle 510). ′ There are repeated parts in these error regions. At this time, -28-1235967 V. Description of Invention (27) It is determined that the portable terminal 2 has not moved, and the process proceeds to step S425. That is, when there is a duplicate part of the actual moving body, it is possible to determine whether the position of the moving body is either the point position A or the point position B according to the acquisition status of the position information. Therefore, if there is overlap in the error region, it is not determined that there is movement because the moving body may not move. On the other hand, the error range at point position A is 100 m (circle 500) and the error range at point position B is 30 m (circle 5 11), because the error regions are not repeated (the error region The circle 500 and the circle 511 are separated from each other), so it is determined that the moving body is moving, and because it may be stolen, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred, and an abnormality display is performed on the display section of the monitoring center 6. The abnormality display includes the presence or absence of abnormality, location information, and basic information of the moving body. The monitor can watch the abnormal display to make the responder to the scene quickly, or contact the user to respond appropriately. In step S425, it is determined whether an abnormal signal is received. If there is an abnormality signal, the abnormality determination timer is started (step S430), and then the process returns to step S405. In step S405, when the abnormality determination timer counts up to a specified time (e.g., 5 minutes), it proceeds to step S450 and performs the same abnormality processing as the above. In addition, when the reset signal from the portable terminal 2 is received, the timing of the abnormality determination timer is ended, and the process returns to step S405 (steps S43 and S440). In addition, when the release signal is received, the monitoring is terminated and the process is left (S445). On the other hand, after the monitoring is started, when the signal received from the portable terminal 2 is an abnormal signal and the signal other than the release signal 'release signal is restored, it returns to step S405 and repeats the same process. -29- 1235967 V. Description of the Invention (28) In this embodiment, the position at which the monitoring is started is used as a reference to determine the presence or absence of movement, but it is not limited to this method, and the difference after the monitoring is started can be used. 2 Position information at each time, used to determine the presence or absence of movement. Or use more than 3 position information to determine the presence or absence of movement. In addition, in this embodiment, the point position and error range are determined at the position calculation center, but it can also be used to determine the point position and error range according to the positioning signal received by the portable terminal 2 itself, and send it to the monitoring center. In addition, in this embodiment, the position information calculated by the position calculation center is transmitted from the portable terminal 2 to the monitoring center 6, but it may also be transmitted directly from the position calculation center to the monitoring center 6. In the present system of the above-mentioned method, since the determination of the movement of the moving body is performed taking into account the positioning accuracy of the positioning system, it is possible to reduce the influence of the error variation between the actual position and the positioning position. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the misjudgment of the movement judgment caused by the error variation, and to speed up the movement judgment process when there are fewer errors. [Third embodiment] A mobile object monitoring system according to a third embodiment of the present invention is provided with the basic structure and operation described above, as in each of the above embodiments. The mobile object monitoring system described in this embodiment is provided with a sensor in the portable terminal 2 for detecting information other than the position, and it becomes a system for detecting the theft of a vehicle such as a car. The third embodiment will be described below based on the above-mentioned basic structure and operation. In addition, here, the position calculation unit 24 is arranged in the monitoring center 6 as shown in Fig. 2. First, the operation strategy of the system will be described. Vehicle theft detection by this system -30- 1235967 V. Description of the invention (29) The user of the testing service operates the portable terminal 2 ′ The portable terminal 2 is used to set the start and stop of the theft surveillance action. Hereinafter, the state of the portable terminal 2 that is being monitored for theft is referred to as a set state, and the state of the portable terminal 2 that is being monitored for theft is referred to as a released state. The user stops the vehicle and enters the set state from the portable terminal 2 before leaving the vehicle. Basically, the user sets the operation module to be connected to the communication module, and after the power switch 88 is turned on, the specified monitoring setting input is made from the operation unit 52 to make the communication module constituting the portable terminal 2 set. status. In this system, remove the setting operation module from the communication module transferred to this setting state, and instead connect the sensor module to the communication module. When the communication module is in the setting state, it sends a monitoring setting signal to the monitoring center 6, and when the monitoring center 6 receives the monitoring setting signal, it starts monitoring whether the vehicle equipped with the portable terminal 2 is stolen. In addition, when the communication module is connected to the sensor module, an abnormal signal and a reset signal are generated based on the output of the vibration sensor 110 and the infrared sensor 112, and they are sent to the monitoring center. The monitoring center 6 that started monitoring determines whether the vehicle is stolen based on the abnormal signal reported from the communication module and restores the signal. When it is determined that the theft has occurred, it responds to the payee terminal 4 instructions as described above. On the other hand, when the use is returned to the vehicle, the portable terminal 2 is released. In essence, the user removes the sensor module from the communication module, and instead connects the operation module to the communication module, and performs a specified monitoring release input from the operation unit 52 to bring the communication module into a released state. -31- 1235967 30 V. Description of the invention () When the communication module is released, it sends a monitoring release signal to the monitoring center 6, and when the monitoring center 6 receives the monitoring release signal, it stops monitoring and loads the portable type. Whether the vehicle of the terminal 2 is stolen. The following uses Figures 12 to 17 to describe more detailed operations of the portable terminal 2 and then uses Figure 17 to describe more detailed operations of the monitoring center 6. Fig. 12 is a flowchart of the communication module processing when transitioning from the released state to the set state. The communication module monitors the input from the external device connection interface 84 in the released state, detects the monitoring setting input (S600), and starts the transition processing to the setting state. During the transfer process, according to the operation signal input from the setting operation module, when it can be verified that it is operated by a normal user, the wireless communication section 50 receives a signal from the GPS satellite 14 to obtain the current status of the communication module. For the position information (S605), the control unit 80 sends data including the position information and the monitoring start signal to the monitoring center 6 (S610). The data sent from the communication module to the monitoring center 6 is first transmitted by radio from the wireless communication unit 50 to the base station 10 using a portable telephone communication line, and then transmitted from the base station 10 to the monitoring center 6 via the network 8 . Then, the control unit 80 stores the information in the monitoring mode in the memory unit 82 (S615), and the communication module shifts to the setting state (S602). Follow the above method, then remove the setting operation module from the communication module, and instead connect the sensor module to the communication module. The operation of the communication module in the set state will be described later using FIG. 16. Figures 13 to 15 show the operation of the sensor module constituting the portable terminal 2. First, Figure 13 is a processing flowchart of vibration determination processing. • 32-1235967 V. Description of the invention (31) . The communication module in the set state is connected to the sensor module, and the transmission / reception of the specified signal between the two is used. When the connection determination section 1 1 8 detects the connection (S700), the vibration determination section 122 Processing begins. When the vibration is detected by the vibration sensor 110, the vibration determination unit 122 continues to output a vibration detection signal for a substantially specified duration. When the sensor is vibrating (S705), if the vibration detection signal is not maintained (S7 10), the vibration determination unit 122 starts the output of the vibration detection signal (S71 5), and starts a hold timer to count the duration of the vibration detection signal. Time (S720). On the other hand, when the output of the vibration detection signal is maintained in step S710, the vibration determination unit 12 maintains the output of the vibration detection signal and restarts the hold timer (S725). That is, the hold timer starts counting the duration from the moment when a new vibration is sensed. In step S705, when the vibration is not sensed, it is determined that the time for holding the timer has come (S73 0). When the hold timer is the time has expired, the output hold of the vibration detection signal is released (S735). On the other hand, when the time is not reached, the output hold of the vibration detection signal is continued. In addition, the determination of the duration is based on, for example, the average continuation time of the first movement of the controller of the mechanical parking lot, the average time interval of the second movement of the controller that continues to occur, and the time when the vehicle enters the stop before the first time. The average stop time of signals, etc. In essence, when parking in a mechanical parking lot, the restart of the holding timer can basically prevent the continuation time of the vibration detection signal from exceeding the hesitation time of the monitoring center 6 described later. On the other hand, theft When the person is driving the vehicle, even if the vibration of the vehicle is interrupted due to waiting for the signal, the description of the invention (32) -32- 1235967 (32) The restart of the holding timer makes the duration of the vibration detection signal basically exceed the monitoring The hesitation time of the center 6 is used to set the duration of the vibration detection signal. For example, the duration may be set to approximately 1 minute. The above steps S705 to S735 are repeated until the connection determination unit Π 8 detects that the communication module is not connected to the sensor module (S740). On the other hand, when it is detected that the communication module is not connected, the vibration determination unit 122 ends the process (S745). Fig. 14 is a processing flowchart of the branch determination processing. When the connection determination section 1 1 8 detects that the communication module in the set state is connected to the sensor module (S800), the transition determination section 124 starts processing. The infrared sensor 1 12 senses the change of the amount of infrared rays around it. In addition, within a specified time (for example, within 5 seconds) before and after it detects vibration (S8 1 0), the sensor mode There is a high possibility that the group load is moved in the place of the vehicle. In this case, the transition determination section 124 starts to output a transition detection signal to indicate the possibility of transition of the sensor module (S8 15), and then holds the transition detection signal (S820). On the other hand, when the infrared change is not sensed in step S805, and when the vibration is not detected within the specified time in step S810, the processing of the specified segment is not performed. The above-mentioned processing by the transition determination unit 1 24 is repeated until the connection determination unit 1 1 8 detects that the sensor module is not connected to the communication module (S825). On the other hand, when it is detected that the communication module is not connected, the transition determination unit 124 ends the processing (S83 0). That is, the transition detection signal at the start of output is held until the transition determination unit 1 2 4 finishes processing. Fig. 15 is a flowchart of processing performed by the signal output section 120. Letter • 34- 1235967 V. Description of the Invention (33) Output section 1 20 determines whether the branch determination section 1 24 outputs a branch detection signal (S900). When a branch detection signal is output, it starts to output to the communication module for Signal indicating an abnormal state (S905). When it is determined that the transition detection signal is not output in step S900, the vibration determination unit 1 22 determines whether or not a vibration detection fs number is output (S 9 1 0). When the vibration detection signal is output, a signal indicating an abnormal state is output to the communication module (S905). On the other hand, when neither the transfer detection signal nor the vibration detection signal is output (S9 10), the signal output unit 120 starts to output a signal indicating a normal state to the communication module (S9 15). According to the presence or absence of the transfer detection signal and the vibration detection signal, while the communication module is connected to the sensor module, the processing of the signal output section 120 is repeatedly performed S900 to S915 (S920). Fig. 16 is a processing flowchart of the communication module in a set state. As described above, when the sensor module determines that there is a possibility of theft based on the output of the vibration sensor 110 and the infrared sensor 112, the output of the communication module is normal from the normal state indicating the normal state. The state changes to an abnormal state indicating abnormality detection. On the other hand, when the fear of theft is reduced, the abnormal state is changed to the normal state. The communication module monitors the input from the external device connection interface 84. When the sensor module detects that the state of the output transitions from normal to abnormal (S 1 000) 'receives the signal from the GPS satellite 14 to obtain the communication module's Current position information (S 1 005). Then, it sends data (S 1 0 1 0) containing the abnormal signal (indicating the transition to the abnormal state) and the current position information to the monitoring center 6. -35- 1235967 V. Description of the invention (34) On the other hand, when the sensor module detects that the state of the output transitions from abnormal to normal (S 1 020), it receives the GPS satellite 14 Signal to obtain the current position information of the communication module (S 1 025), and send the data including the restoration signal (indicating the transition to the normal state) and the current position information to the monitoring center 6 (S 1 030). In addition, when the status does not change, the information of the monitoring center 6 is not transmitted. The above-mentioned steps S 1 000 to S 1 030 use the communication module to monitor the status of the sensor module repeatedly until the monitoring release input from the setting operation module is detected (S 1 050). When the communication module detects a monitoring release input, the control unit 80 stores the information indicating the release mode in the memory unit 82 (S 1 05 5), the communication module shifts to the release state, and sends a release signal to the monitoring center 6 (S1060). In a state where the sensor module is not connected to the communication module, a signal in either the normal state or the abnormal state is not input to the communication module. Therefore, even when a thief pulls out the sensor module from the communication module, the normal state signal is not input in the communication module, the communication module cannot detect the transition to the normal state in step S1 020, and the recovery signal is not restored. Send to the monitoring center 6. A more detailed operation of the monitoring center 6 will be described below. FIG. 17 is a flowchart of processing performed by the monitoring center 6. The monitoring center 6 receives the message in step S610. When the monitoring start signal is sent from the portable terminal 2 (S 11 00), monitoring of the vehicle on which the portable terminal 2 is mounted is started, and the position of the monitoring start time of the vehicle is registered in the memory section 28 (S 1105) . Based on the position information transmitted together with the monitoring start signal, the position calculation unit 24 is used to determine the position of the vehicle (more accurately, the portable terminal 2). Position meter -36- 1235967 V. Description of the invention (35) The calculation unit 24 uses information from the satellite reference station 12 to correct the position information obtained from the portable terminal 2 to calculate the position of the vehicle. In addition, the position information of the portable terminal 2 is not only added with the monitoring start signal, but also various other signals from the portable terminal 2 to the monitoring center 6. When receiving the signal (Sill 0) from the portable terminal 2 of the vehicle to be monitored, the position calculation unit 24 performs the same correction as when the monitoring is started, and uses the position information added to the signal to obtain the vehicle's position. The position and abnormality monitoring unit 26 uses the position registered in the storage unit 28 at the monitoring start time and the latest position to calculate the moving distance of the vehicle from the start of the monitoring (S 1 Π 5). When the moving distance exceeds the designated allowable distance judged to be theft of the vehicle (S 1120), the abnormality monitoring unit 26 determines that an abnormality has occurred, and displays an abnormality on a display device or the like to notify the monitoring center 6 Monitor (S 1125). When the moving distance is less than the allowable distance (S Π 20), it is determined whether the signal received in step S 1 Π 0 is an abnormal signal (S1130) sent from the portable terminal 2 in step S 1 0 1 0 or in step The restoration signal (S1135) sent by S 1 030, or the release signal (S1140) sent at step S 050. When the received signal is an abnormal signal, the abnormality monitoring unit 26 starts timing (S1 145). On the other hand, when the received signal is a reset signal, the timing ends (S 1 1 50). In these cases, the decision processing S 1 1 60 is continued. In addition, if there is no new reception signal in step S 1 Π 0, and if the reception signal is not an abnormal signal, the signal is restored, or the signal is released, the monitoring of the vehicle is terminated (S 11 55). In the hesitation time determination process S 1 1 60, it is judged whether to start at step S 1 1 45 -37-1235967 V. Description of the invention (36) Whether the timing time exceeds the specified hesitation time. If the timing time does not exceed the hesitation time, the abnormality monitoring unit 26 shifts to the determination processing S11 1 0 whether or not a new signal is received, but when the hesitation time is exceeded (S11 60), it is determined that an abnormality has occurred. The display device or the like performs a display indicating that an abnormality has occurred, and is used to notify the monitor at the monitoring center 6 (S 11 25). The hesitation time is determined together with the duration based on the consideration of the duration of the hold timer of the portable terminal 2 described above. For example, the hesitation time can be set to about 10 minutes. In the monitoring center 6 in the above manner, it can also be used to determine whether the vehicle's moving distance is within the allowable distance outside the hesitation time to determine the theft. The stolen vehicle moves at an appropriate timing, stop repeating, and avoid keeping the timer After restarting, even if the recovery signal is sent, the theft can be detected. When a theft is detected in the monitoring center 6, the notified monitor will abnormally notify the system user of the registered contact person, and the designated payable officer who has the payable terminal 4 nearest to the stolen vehicle, according to the payable The location information sent from the terminal 4 specifies, notifies the characteristics of the stolen vehicle, etc., and takes a search to deal with it. According to the vehicle theft detection system, the portable terminal 2 provided in the car sends signals corresponding to various states to the monitoring center 6 to determine whether the center 6 has been stolen. The monitoring center 6 determines the status of the portable terminal 2 and can be used to suppress false positives or false negatives. [Industrial Applicability] As described above, the mobile body monitoring system of the present invention, and the mobile body monitoring device, the mobile body monitoring method, and the mobile body monitoring method used in the monitoring center thereof are described in the mobile body-38-1235967 37) The method of judging a moving body during surveillance can be used to monitor vehicles such as cars, or the theft of cash, artwork, etc., to prevent damage, and when the whereabouts of people, pets, etc. are unknown, it can be used to Search. In particular, the present invention provides a monitoring service. Even when the user moves to any location in the entire area, the user does not feel different, which can improve convenience. In addition, false positives and false negatives can be suppressed to improve monitoring accuracy. With these features, the mobile body monitoring system of the present invention can serve a large area with multiple users. [Explanation of symbols] 2 Portable terminals 4 Cooperative terminals 6 Monitoring center 8 Network 10 Base station 12 Satellite reference station 14 GPS satellite 20 Communication number 22,54,80 Control unit 24 Position calculation unit 26 Abnormality monitoring unit 28 , 82 Memory section 50 Wireless communication section 52 Operation section 104 Display section 114 Judgment section-39 ·