TWI229047B - Electric bicycle - Google Patents

Electric bicycle Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI229047B
TWI229047B TW092123394A TW92123394A TWI229047B TW I229047 B TWI229047 B TW I229047B TW 092123394 A TW092123394 A TW 092123394A TW 92123394 A TW92123394 A TW 92123394A TW I229047 B TWI229047 B TW I229047B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
brake
wheel
motor
braking
switch
Prior art date
Application number
TW092123394A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
TW200406336A (en
Inventor
Kazunobu Yokotani
Hideaki Aoki
Original Assignee
Sanyo Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sanyo Electric Co filed Critical Sanyo Electric Co
Publication of TW200406336A publication Critical patent/TW200406336A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI229047B publication Critical patent/TWI229047B/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/60—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at axle parts
    • B62M6/65—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at axle parts with axle and driving shaft arranged coaxially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2009—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for braking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2045—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for optimising the use of energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0084—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to control modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/20—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power generated by humans or animals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/14—Preventing excessive discharging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/15—Preventing overcharging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
    • B60L7/12—Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles propelled by dc motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/24—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general with additional mechanical or electromagnetic braking
    • B60L7/26—Controlling the braking effect
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
    • B62J50/00—Arrangements specially adapted for use on cycles not provided for in main groups B62J1/00 - B62J45/00
    • B62J50/20—Information-providing devices
    • B62J50/21—Information-providing devices intended to provide information to rider or passenger
    • B62J50/22—Information-providing devices intended to provide information to rider or passenger electronic, e.g. displays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/45—Control or actuating devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/12—Bikes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/40—Electrical machine applications
    • B60L2220/44—Wheel Hub motors, i.e. integrated in the wheel hub
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/12—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/423—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
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    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/60—Navigation input
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
    • B60L2250/12—Driver interactions by confirmation, e.g. of the input
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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    • B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L2260/28—Four wheel or all wheel drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
    • B62J45/00—Electrical equipment arrangements specially adapted for use as accessories on cycles, not otherwise provided for
    • B62J45/40—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof
    • B62J45/41—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof characterised by the type of sensor
    • B62J45/411—Torque sensors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)

Description

1229047 五、發明說明（1) 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於電動自行車。 【先前技術】 之電i r動自行車，為了驅動後輪，包括以馬達a 源部動驅動機構…供給該馬達電力，具有巧以 在特開200 1 -30974號公開，在下坡算夕^ 向電源部回收因馬達轉動而產生之電力車時， [專利文獻1 ] 、電/原部充電。 特開 20 0 1 -3 0 974 號 > 【發明内容】 發明要解決之課題 和利i i ΐ，習知例，操作剎車時，利用刹車機播 利用再生制動之制動同時作用，突然制動。機構之制動 又’操作後輪之剎車時，利用剎車 再生制動之制動作用於後輪，突然制動。之制動和利用 本發明為解決上述之問題點，其 之操作產生再生制動之情況，消除突然的制：在利用剎車 解決課題之手段 本發明之電動自行車包括：人力 達來自踏板之人力驅動力；1電動驅動構，向後輪傳 Μ驅動前輪 第5頁 鲁 7〇63-5837-PF(Nl).ptd 1229047
之馬達為驅動源 對该後輪制動， 輪再生制動。 ，·其特徵在於：在對後輪之剎車操 而且將該前輪之馬達用作發電機， 作時， 對該前 又’本發明之電動自行 輪傳達來自踏板之人力驅動 車輪之馬達為驅動源；其特 包括將該馬達用作發電機而 態’及照這樣再生制動同時 狀態。 車包括：人力驅動機構，向後 力；及電動驅動機構，以驄動 徵在於：在剎車桿之操作時， 對車輪再生制動之第一制動狀 利用剎車機構制動之第二制動 【實施方式】 圖1所示之電動自行車包括：車架丨；踏板曲柄2， 裝農在該車架i之下端之踏板u ;帛—鏈輪4，用該踏板曲 丙…轉動；以及後輪3B，用踏板曲柄2經由鏈條6轉動。利 用這種人力驅動機構可向後輪36傳達來自踏板u 動力。 〜八刀驅 又，包括：前輪3A，裝在前叉7之下端；馬達9，内 於該前輪3A之前車轂8，驅動前輪3A ;以及電池1〇，供給 該f達9電力。利用這種電動驅動機構以馬達9為驅動源^區 動前輪3A。而，在車架1之下端設置内藏後述之控制電 15之控制盒42。 又’如圖2所示’在把手2 3，和一般之自行車一樣， 在騎車的人之左侧安裝後剎車桿丨7 B，在騎車的人之左側 安裝前剎車桿1 7 F。而，在將前輪3 A制動之剎車機構上，
1229047
1前叉^置使刹車塊推壓前輪3A之㈣而制動之側刹車 17X，藉著握緊前刹車桿17F之操作，拉内鋼絲，a 17X動作。而，在將後輪3B制動之剎車機構上，在7後輪 之中心利用鼓形剎車1 7 Y。 鼓形，7Υ係周知之構造，如圖3之主要部分之剖面 圖所不，在固定於車架丨之固定軸F之周圍包 和後輪3Β-起自由轉動之環狀部m之圓板形剎車鼓^。
剎之内側設置剎車塊72，利用後剎車桿17B ，刼作，朝外方向，即和剎車鼓71之環狀 接，將刹車鼓71之轉動（即後_之轉動）制動之内圈伴月 部73覆，鼓形刹車17Y之外側。又，剎車保持㈣將用'以持 堅固固疋之臂部73A向前方向延伸出去（參照、 有和該臂部73A相鄰之固定部73B，固定後剎 :：* 管57b，内鋼絲57a固定於連結構 J件外
刹車塊72之延伸棒連結。此外，如圖1(二構件:4和士作 73B如周知般設置調整用螺絲A、螺帽B，調整不f固疋部 57之長度。利用這種構造，#著握緊後剎車桿〜二鋼絲 作，拉後刹車鋼絲57之内鋼絲57a，連結構件74呆 延伸棒移動’令剎車塊72動作，將後㈣制動。’使 本電動自行車，當踏踏板丨丨時， 鏈輪4，第一鏈輪4經由鏈條6和第-轉動第一 踏板曲柄2驅動後輪3B時，檢測：轉動後她。用 給在前車轂8内藏之馬達9電力，馬電池1〇供 〇雷勒白ϋ由+ 思祠助性的驅動前畝 電動自仃車在低於設定速度之區域，控制供給馬達 1
1229047 五、發明說明（4) 之供給電力，使得馬達9驅動前輪^之 ，驅動後輪3β之轉動扭力變成相m踏，曲 車在”9二不驅動車輪3。用馬達9驅動 • :ΐί: 置鍵12。該鍵12在鎖定狀態使前鈐3久 止轉動。0此，在將鍵12鎖定之狀 =Α確 達9驅動前輪3Α，前輪3Α也不會轉動 本動作專馬 例，也設置可將後輪m後㈣之鍵^在本只施 圖4係裝載於圖i之電動自行車之電 f之電路之方塊圖。該方塊圖所示之電動自；：：f 9電 感測器13，檢測踏板之踏力驅動車輪3匕·曲 馬達9，驅動車輪3 ;電池1〇，供終 .才力， 制電路1 5，接在電池1 〇和$達八/、、、、力，以及控 馬達9之電力。 #馬49之間，控制自電池10供給 此外，本方塊圖之電動自行車 路15連結：手邊操作部16，切換干=兀件和控制電 開關18，檢測操作了自行車j 行駛狀態；再生 時序，和後剎車桿17B之操作連11 :後特定再生制動之 在控制電路1 5使用之電路'元件 ，、/1度感測器1 9，檢測 20與電壓感測器21，檢測電吔之舰度，以及電流感測器 使用圖5言兒明裝在把手23之^\電流和電壓。 示。在圖5，位於左側之圓 ^作部16之功能、顯 源之開關，在未按壓時突出，一刼作按鈕4 1係開關電 時，用人力踏踏板而既定以上f，時凹下。打開電源 助性的產生轉動力，令轉動 a荷=時，用馬達9輔 月J輪3A，令推進自行車。關掉 7063-5837-PF(Nl).ptd $ 8頁 1229047 五、發明說明⑸ 一 ' -- 電源時，不產生這種轉動力，和一般之自行車一樣的騎。 位於大致中央之圓形之第二操作按鈕42，係設定馬達 9之輔助性之轉動力之程度（模式）的，詳細說明之，將該 私度切換為小、自動、大，在未按壓時突出，在按壓時凹 了。藉著第二操作按鈕42之按壓操作，令配置於模式顯示 部43之3個透明之圓形顯示窗44之中之對應之一個點亮。 在各圓形顯示窗44下配置發出紅色光之LED。關於模式， 自顯示窗44之左側依次和省能源（轉動力程度小）、自動 (來士自人之踏力扭力小時，輔助率小；來自人之踏力扭力 大時’輔助率大）、標準（轉動力程度大）對應。 “ 又’位於上側之電池剩餘量•再生充電顯示部4 5顯示 電池剩餘量並顯示再生充電狀態。不操作後剎車桿丨7β而 再生開關1 8不導通時，顯示部45顯示電池1 〇之剩餘量，自 控制電路1 5依據電池之電壓檢測、使用電力量之累計等， 顯不電池之剩餘量。因而，在顯示部45，設置3個透明之 圓，之顯示窗46，令和剩餘量對應之一個剩餘量顯示窗46 點免。此外’在各剩餘量顯示窗46之下配置紅色led，利 用LED之點亮，點亮剩餘量顯示窗4 6。 又握後剎車桿1 7 B，在再生充電之狀態，藉著使得 在這些顯f窗46、46、46自左往右依次各顯示窗46點亮、 熄滅之狀態跑動，可騎車的人可用眼看而掌握再生制動、 再生充電之狀態。 ^ ^ =^控制電路1 5自溫度感測器1 9輸入電路元件之溫度 比設定溫度高之過熱異常信號時，切斷來自電池丨〇之電
7063-5837-PF(Nl).ptd 第9頁 1229047 五、發明說明（β) 流，保護電路。卜 壓感測器21之輪入控制電路1 5依據電流感測器2 0和電 電池10之剩2 =號控制供給馬達9之電 '流，而且計算 放電。以下說明、、心：放電電流’使得電池10不會變成過 後述所示：了感測器22之功用。省略詳細說明，如 測器13之電氣輸:r，電路1f傳達來自轉動之曲柄扭力感 無法正常的傳達二二用滑環，但是當該滑環被水弄濕時 水，檢剛到浸水時!二;浸水感測器22檢測浸 停止驅動馬達9。 …、法依"、、踏力正常的驅動馬達9， 輪4。圖6表力内藏於用踏板曲柄2轉動之第一鏈 圖。在圖圖8 ί曲柄扭力感測器13之第一鍵輪4之概略 示之第一赫"不5亥第一鏈輪4之立體圖。在這些圖所 齒 <：圖上A _ t c括·外輪24，在外周另外設置掛鏈條6之 it Ϊ不内輪25，位於該外輪24之内側，用踏板 將内輪25連結成相對於外輪24可轉動既定之 々二播::圖9之剖面圖所示，内輪25在外周緣設置導引之 ^ l，使得可轉動外輪24。在該外周槽26導引成使得 口立％夕輪24之内周緣但是不會在軸向脫落。外輪24在内 周。卩认置用以配設曲柄扭力感測器丨3之凹部2 7。内輪2 5具 f向外輪24之凹部27突出之驅動臂28，在該驅動臂28和凹 部27之間配設曲柄扭力感測器13。内輪25如圖7和圖8所 示’包括内藏曲柄扭力感測器13之筒部29，在該筒部29之 内側配設曲柄扭力感測器1 3。此外，驅動臂2 8在碰觸曲柄 扭力感測器1 3之反側配設係推壓彈簣之線圈彈簧3 〇。線圈 Μ 第10頁 7063-5837-PF(Nl).ptd 1229047 五、發明說明（7) ' '— ------ ^ 0以固定之壓力向曲柄扭力感測器1 3推壓驅動臂2 8。 始兩2 j向凹部2 7突出’設置在線圈彈簧3 0插穿之凸部3 1。 $圈彈育30向外輪24之凸部31***，裝入内輪25之筒部29 ^配置於定位。該第一鏈輪4當用踏板曲柄2轉動内輪25 曲驅動臂28經由曲柄扭力感測器丨3令外輪24轉動。踏板 丙2之轉動力經由曲柄扭力感測器。轉動外輪以，外輪 、左由鏈條6令轉動後輪3 B。強的踏力作用於踏板11時， 内輪25推壓曲柄扭力感測器丨3之壓力也變強。因此，曲柄 =力感測器13檢測所作用之壓力，可檢測踏板曲柄2之轉 扭$。本圖之曲柄扭力感測器丨3係利用磁歪元件之壓力 ^測器，關於來自曲柄扭力感測器丨3之電氣輸出，省略詳 :況明，為了得到來自轉動之曲柄扭力感測器丨3之電氣輸 出’利用彈簧，用控制電路丨5檢測。 ^ 但’本發明未將曲柄扭力感測器1 3特定為壓力感測 态。曲柄扭力感測器丨3也可使用位移感測器。圖丨〇表示在 曲柄扭力感測器1 3使用位移感測器具體例。本圖之第一鏈 輪4，在内輪25之驅動臂28設置凸部28A，用位移感測拾 測該凸部28A之移動。在内輪25之驅動臂28和外輪24之凹 部27之間配設係推壓彈簧之線圈彈簧32。線圈彈簧“當踏 板曲柄2之驅動内輪2 5之踏力愈強時愈受到壓縮而變短。 線圈彈★ 3 2党到壓縮時，内輪2 5之驅動臂2 8之凸部2 8 A接 近位移感測器’或者被推入位移感測器。用位移感測器檢 測凸部28A之移動位置後，檢測踏板曲柄2之扭力。 其次，說明係本發明之特徵點之再生制動之開關機
7063-5837-PF(Nl).ptd 第11頁
1229047 五、發明說明（8) 構再生開關1 8係檢測操作了後刹車桿1 之開關設置 於用刹車桿17拉之後刹車鋼絲57之途t(參=\關^置 外’再生開關1 8也可設置於後剎車桿丨7β内。 使用圖11、圖1 2說明設置於後剎車鋼絲5 7之途中之例 絲二f f開關18如圖所示，包括：箱形之開關盒50，裝在 匕=5二長度之中；滑套51 ’在開關盒5°内裝在後 广之内鋼絲57a ;磁鐵52 ’裝在滑套“之上面； 百片開關54 ’裝在開關盒内之電路板53(電氣配線圖 管。不）’和磁鐵52相向。此外’ 57b係後刹車鋼絲57之外 桿17B菁之片Λ關2當磁鐵52位於圖1 1之狀態（未操作後刹車 才干1 7Β之狀悲）時係不導通，如圖丨2所 鋼絲％之移動向左方移動時變成導自此狀悲利用内 示，開關㈣大致_彡，此外，雖未圖 踏二：:;=:::構：；:亍車運轉時之動作。當 力，馬達Ml助Λ力感/器13檢測人 菁片開關54和磁鐵52位於圖U示之時狀能在再生開關18之 自本狀態藉著握後剎車桿17Β進 剎車鋼絲57之内鋼絲57a。利用=車麵作時，拉後 動’變成圖12之狀態，同時剎車二:磁鐵52向左移 後輪3B制動。 』十…單塊72和剎車鼓71滑接，將 於是，照這樣操作剎車，再 ^ 時，向控制電路丨5輸出導 ^ 變成導通狀態 導通“虎。控制電路15輸入操作了 第12頁 7063-5837-PF(Nl).ptd 1229047 五、發明說明（9) 動車^ t #U時’將馬達9用作發電機，對前輪3A再生制 線圈之雷f1 〇充電°控制電路1 5控制流向馬達9之場磁鐵 電。批Ιι ^之時序，將馬達9用作發電機，向電池1 0充 流下^座:路1 5檢測電池1 〇之剩餘量，在防止電池1 0過電 心i :停：：；10充電。即，電池10充電滿了時， ^>也彳τ止再生，停止電池1 〇之充電。 動，：且：2 J㈣車後再生制動之電動自行車可圓滑的制 具有可你1 ί效的回收運動能量，向電池1 〇充電。因而， 距離變長之：i迅速的停止，而且可使利用電池1〇之行駛 後利實施例，握後剎車桿丨几時，稍微握住（=令 稍微位移，即淺握）時，簧片開關54變成導 通，再生開關18變成導诵壯％ M j ^ ^ 一制動狀態）。此外，若深in成再生制動之狀態（第 之狀態，而且拉内鋼二:握連 移動’令剎車塊72動作Ί件74位移，使延伸棒 ㈣動(第二制動狀態;，整後㈣車鋼絲57，使得將後輪 和利Hi可按照需要調整後刹車鋼絲57，令再生制動 ::Γ=72動作之刺車機構之制動同時作用。 又，如圖11、圖12所示，在本雷 18使用簣片開關54，但是動自仃車，再生開關 表示開關QFF和表示關⑽ ^所艮開關^替代之，如 ㈠係裝在後刹車娜之内鋼動;广 在以上之實施例，在自行車之行,Λ作Λ° 了後輪心
1229047 五、發明說明（l〇) 制動’若緩慢的握後車 11所示之狀離狡 /L 首先，再生開關18自圖 通狀態，馬；9 A圖12所示之狀態，自再生開關18變成導 -制動狀2用作發電機，變成對前㈣再生制動之成第導 變成低速：止，f保持後剎車桿176之握狀態，至馬達9 態之再生制勤保持再生制動狀態。在係該第一制動狀 感，而且在匕狀騎車的人在騎車中可感受制動之觸 46、46自作部16，如上述所示，因顯示窗46、 進行再生G =各；示窗46點亮、熄滅之狀態抱動， 自3 ^ Ϊ可用眼看而掌握再生充電之狀態。 持導通U 後剎車桿17Β ’再生開關18繼續保 ::第動’令刹車奶動作，變成將後二 發明之效果 時，電動自行車，藉著在對後輪之剎車操作 再生制動二=將前Ϊ之馬達用作發電•，對前輪 制動。因巾： 之剎車操#，可將後輪及前輪同時 之制動突缺作生制動和利用剎車機構 可安定的；止 後輪’但疋在本發明，13對兩輪制動， 括將明之電動自行車’在刹車桿之操作時，包 電機而對前輪再生制動之第-制動狀態， 7生制動同時利用剎車機構制動之第二制動狀
1229047 五、發明說明（11) 態。在上述之習知例， 動之制動同時作用，m 用杀彳車機構之制 丁印用，因刺 列動和利用再生制 速，無法在充分長之用剎車機構之制動迅速的變成低 只保持再生制動之第—再生充電’但是在本發明，因可 不會消耗行駛中之φ:制動狀態，在利用剎車機構之制動 動。而且，利用=自行車之運動能量，可用於再生制 源之電動驅動機=動可：電池充電。#馬達作為驅動 或構不限驅動前輪，也可驅動後輪。 7063-5837-PF(Nl).ptd 第15頁 1229047 圖式簡單說明 圖1係本發明之一實施例之電動自行車之側視圖，（a) 係整體之側視圖，（b )係後輪部分之擴大側視圖（架豎立之 狀態）。 圖2係本發明之一實施例之電動自行車之上視圖。 圖3係本發明之一實施例之鼓型剎車之主要部分之剖 面圖。 圖4係驅動圖1所示電動自行車之馬達之電路之方塊 圖。 圖5係本發明之一實施例之手操作部之上視圖。 圖6係表示圖1所示電動自行車之第一鏈輪之概略圖。 圖7係第一鏈輪之立體圖。 圖8係圖7所示第一鏈輪之背面立體圖。 圖9係第一鏈輪之概略剖面圖。 圖1 0係表示曲柄扭力感測器之別例之概略圖。 圖11係再生開關之開關盒之剖面圖，表示不導通狀 態。 圖1 2係再生開關之開關盒之剖面圖，表示導通狀態。 圖1 3係別的再生開關之開關盒之剖面圖，表示不導通 狀態。 圖1 4係別的再生開關之開關盒之剖面圖，表示導通狀 態。 符號說明 1 車架 2 踏板曲柄
7063-5837-PF(Nl).ptd 第16頁 1229047 圖式簡單說明 3 車輪 3A 前 輪 3B 後輪 4 第 一 鏈 輪 5 第二鏈輪 6 鏈 條 7 前叉 8 前 輪 轂 9 馬達 10 電 池 11 踏板 12 鍵 12 B 鍵 13 曲 柄 扭 力 感 測器 14 轉動 用 感 測器 15 控 制 電 路 16 手操 作 部 17 剎 車 桿 17B 後刹 車 桿 17F 前 剎 車 桿 17X 剎車 17Y 鼓 形 剎 車 18 再生 開 關 19 溫 度 感 測 器 20 電流 感 測 器 21 電 壓 感 測 器 22 浸水 感 測 器 23 把 手 24 外輪 25 内 輪 26 外環 槽 27 凹 部 28 驅動 臂 28A 凸 部 29 筒部 30 線 圈 彈 簧 31 凸部 32 線 圈 彈 簧 32 凸部 33 線 圈 彈 簧 41 第一 操 作 按鈕 42 第 二 操 作 按 紐 43 模式 顯 示 部 44 顯 示 窗 45 顯示 部 46 顯 示 窗 50 開關 盒 51 滑 套
7063-5837-PF(Nl).ptd 第17頁 1229047 圖式簡單說明
52 磁 鐵 53 電 路 板 54 簧 片 開 關 57 後 剎 車 鋼 絲 57A 内 鋼 絲 57B 外 管 60 極 限 開 關 61 動 作 片 71 剎 車 鼓 71 A 環 狀 部 72 剎 車 塊 73 剎 車 保 持 部 73A 臂 部 73B 固 定 部 74 連 結 構 件 A 調 整 用 螺 絲 B螺 帽 F 固 定 轴 7063-5837-PF(Nl).ptd 第18頁

Claims (1)

1229047 六、申請專利範圍 I 一種電動自行車，包括： 人力驅動機構，向後輪傳達來 及 力+自踏板之人力驅動力； 驅動源； 而且將該前 電動驅動機構，以驅動前輪之 其特徵在於： 運為 幹之ΐ 3 ίi剎車操作時，對該後輪制動， 輪之广達：：發電機’對該前輪 動 2· 一種電動自行車，包括： π勒 人力驅動機構，向後於 及 俊輪傳達來自踏板之人力驅動力； 驅動車輪之馬達為驅動源； 電動驅動機構，以 其特徵在於： 在求彳車桿之操作味 輪再生制動之第一制^ ’包括將該馬達用作發電機而對車 剎車機構制動之第一 ^狀態’及照這樣再生制動同時利用 —制動狀態。
7063-5837-PF(Nl).ptd 第19頁
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CA2446170C (en) 2006-10-03
JP2004149001A (ja) 2004-05-27
US6874592B2 (en) 2005-04-05
DE60310340T2 (de) 2007-03-29
EP1415904A2 (en) 2004-05-06
CA2446170A1 (en) 2004-04-30
CN100453400C (zh) 2009-01-21
DE03024946T1 (de) 2005-01-13
EP1415904B1 (en) 2006-12-13
TW200406336A (en) 2004-05-01
EP1415904A3 (en) 2005-04-20
US20040084238A1 (en) 2004-05-06
CN1607154A (zh) 2005-04-20
CN1498816A (zh) 2004-05-26
DE60310340D1 (de) 2007-01-25

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