TWI225822B - A composite product and a method for preparing the same - Google Patents
A composite product and a method for preparing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI225822B TWI225822B TW91103846A TW91103846A TWI225822B TW I225822 B TWI225822 B TW I225822B TW 91103846 A TW91103846 A TW 91103846A TW 91103846 A TW91103846 A TW 91103846A TW I225822 B TWI225822 B TW I225822B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- patent application
- composite product
- functional layer
- fly ash
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000013538 functional additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004684 trihydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 sodium glucuronide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004572 hydraulic lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- SQAINHDHICKHLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaldehyde Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=O)=CC=CC2=C1 SQAINHDHICKHLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 claims 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 241001502883 Marcia Species 0.000 claims 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012356 Product development Methods 0.000 claims 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010882 bottom ash Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005551 calcium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].COC1=CC=CC(CC(CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229930182480 glucuronide Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007974 melamines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004002 naphthaldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005552 sodium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011210 fiber-reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical class N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQLQSBNFVQMAKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;silicon Chemical compound C.[Si] WQLQSBNFVQMAKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010675 chips/crisps Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- BCAARMUWIRURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicalcium;oxocalcium;silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca]=O.[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BCAARMUWIRURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenyl acetate Chemical group C=C.CC(=O)OC=C HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011405 expansive cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013022 formulation composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFUPVIVHCQOHTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;naphthalene Chemical compound OC.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFUPVIVHCQOHTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006298 saran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/52—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement
- B28B1/522—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement for producing multi-layered articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
- B32B13/14—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/40—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material
- B28B7/46—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material for humidifying or dehumidifying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
- E04C2/06—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/12—Flooring or floor layers made of masses in situ, e.g. seamless magnesite floors, terrazzo gypsum floors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S106/00—Compositions: coating or plastic
- Y10S106/01—Fly ash
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249924—Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
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Description
1225822 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(1 ) 發明之範圍 本申請案申請專利範圍主張以下澳洲臨時專利甲請案 的優先權,其全文在此僅供參考之用。 申請案案號 題目 申請日期 PR3474 複合產物 2001年三月2日 PR3475 濺灑設備 2001年三月2日 PR3476 可脫水泥漿用的黏著劑 2001年三月2日 PR3477 以濺灑形成疊層材料的方2001年三月2日 法及裝置 PR3478 建築產物用的塗料 2001年三月2日 本發明關於複合物,尤其但不只是纖維補強的建築複合物 〇 發明之背景 在先前技藝任何討論中列舉的應當不可以作爲此類先 前技藝廣爲所知的認知或構成此領域中部分的常識。 纖維補強水泥係極受歡迎的建築物。 不同種類的申請者開發出許多製造纖維補強水泥建築 物且對特殊環境使用的那些纖維補強水泥量身訂做。 還有,無論如何,纖維補強水泥產物相關的特定限制 。其具有侷限音波、熱及耐延燒的性質。其可能具有受限 的可加工性且通常位於中密度範圍(1 300公斤/立方公尺左右 )或更高(壓縮密度在1700公斤/立方公尺左右)。 通常,纖維水泥的性質都藉著添加其他材料例如不同 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ·#衣· 訂 f 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -4- 1225822 A7 ____ B7 五、發明説明(2 ) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 的纖維、塡料等等而變換或者用不同的製造技術變換。對 於纖維補強水泥配方的變換,無論如何,爲了確定此新穎 配方不會引起的不利的負面效應而開發可能係昂貴的。製 造方法或裝置的變換也係昂貴的且開發費時。此技術也沒 有提供纖維補強水泥物以真的「量身訂做」。當然,關閉 整條生產線係不當的,舉例來說,製造量身訂做用於特定 用途的小量纖維補強水泥產物。 本發明的目的在於克服或改善先前技藝中至少一個缺 點,或者提供有用的變換。 發明掲示的部分 廣意來看,本發明提供一種含基材層及一層或多層應 用於彼的官能層的基材層複合產物,每層官能層包括水硬 黏合劑、脫水劑的混合物,其中脫水劑的量足以使得每個 官能層都能透過基材層及任何外加官能層脫水。 在第二個觀點中,本發明提供一種製造複合產物的方 法,其包含: 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作杜印製 (i )提供一種基材層, (ii)提供一種包括水硬黏合劑及脫水劑的泥漿配方, ( iii)將該泥漿應用於該基材層以形成官能層, (iv)使官能層脫水,以及 (v )任意重覆步驟(ii)至(iv),其中脫水劑的量足以保 持多孔性且藉以使每個官能層都能透過基材層及任何外加 的官能層脫水。 本 家標準(〇奶)八4規格(210乂297公釐) -5- 1225822 A 7 B7 五、發明説明(3 ) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 較佳者,基材層係纖維補強爲主的材料例如纖維補強 水泥。此基材層提供一個基礎結構,額外的官能層可以加 於其上。 官能層可能加至基材層的兩側但最佳者係加至製造期 間建築板材經常暴露的那一側。此技術使得前述的方法能 用於現行的纖維補強水泥製造技術哈斯考克(Hatschek)。 本申請人開發一種製造用於幾乎任何想要的規格或用 途的複合物件的方法。解釋起來,本發明的複合物及方法 用簡單的水可滲透基材層例如傳統的纖維補強建築板材起 始。將一層或更多官能層加到此基礎層,每個官能層係特 別量身訂做以提供想要的官能性。舉例來說,如果想要提 供絕緣層,由彼官能層係形成的泥漿配方可能包括絕緣材 料例如橡膠碎屑、蛭石、珍珠岩、石膏等等。 相似地,水可滲透性可以包括抗水聚合物例如砂烷類 、矽氧烷摻混物等等或火山灰材料類例如矽煙、超細高嶺 土、超細飛灰等等。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 官能層的密度改質可以藉著添加適合的輕質材料例如 空心微珠類(陶瓷中空球類)、延伸的聚苯乙烯、蛭石、珍珠 石等等。 發明的方法能夠藉由適當的泥漿改質將各種官能層積 合至單一複合物中。 在較佳的具體例中,每個官能層內都置放補強層於其 中。該補強層包含纖維網孔或結網,用於改良複合產物的 強度及耐性。 Ο υ V S 6 7 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) ' ' -6- 1225822 A7 __ B7 五、發明説明(4 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項#填寫本頁) 在某些例子中,補強層可能包含薄的類似於例如基材 的纖維補強混凝土層。這提供予此類纖維補強層更多的有 效利用,類似於夾層複合物技術。熟於此藝之士將了解複 合物有的區域需要較少的纖維補強亦即核心。此核心區域 得以形成如前述的含低纖維補強的官能層。由於高抗張強 度而需要高纖維補強的區域亦即表面或表皮區域,可以纖 維補強混凝土層覆蓋。由此形成的纖維補強層用作夾層核 心。 結果,說過的複合物提供單一纖維補強複合物以顯著 的優點。首先,藉由前述的複合作用,纖維可以置於最需 要的區域。當然,這將導致產物的纖維補強體積的降低。 其次,此降低的纖維體積將導致複合物的難燃性及熱 絕緣性能的改良。過去,製造難燃性的複合物由於難燃性 纖維及其用途所需要的專門方法的高成本而難於達成。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 再者,本發明最重要的優點之一係將特殊的官能性集 中於單一層中。解釋起來,在大的單一結構層中,特別是 纖維補強水泥建築物,產物的官能或結構方面有任何的調 節,可能會稀釋或減弱或使整個產物不均勻分布。製造此 單一產物期間還有逆向副反應的可能性,其可能減弱要求 的結構的或官能的屬性。利用本發明,另一方面,可能集 中或目標單一官能層中指定的官能的或結構的屬性藉以確 保該屬性係提供給最後的複合產物。 的確,任意的各種添加物及塡料都可能摻雜用於指定 的目的,亦即聲音的、熱的或火的性能、密度改質、成本 旅尺皮編_1國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) '— 1225822 A7 _____B7 五、發明説明(5 ) 或製造效率。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 表面或潤飾塗層也可以纖維補強混凝土層、類似或與 官能層一致的材料或其他任何的產物提供用於複合產物。 有一個特佳的具體例中,表面或潤飾塗層主要可能係超細 粒徑或由可磨光的材料構成使複合產物外表面平坦的「美 觀」層,並且藉以提供最後的/上妝的完成表面。 除非本文明顯需要否則,整個說明及申請專利範圍, 「comprise」、「comprising」及此類字彙都解釋成包含的 意思,與除外的及徹底的意思相反;也就是說,係「包括 在內,但不限於」的意思。 脫水劑用於維持泥漿及要塗覆的產物中的多孔性使泥 漿經由要塗覆的產物脫水。較佳的,脫水劑係微粒材料例 如飛灰、三水合氧化鋁、矽石粉末、空心微珠(陶瓷中空球) 或類似物。 飛灰係特佳的因爲其讓泥漿在幾分鐘內就脫水。其他 的微粒脫水劑例如三水合氧化鋁或矽石粉末也可以使用, 無論如何,其增加泥漿透過要塗覆的產物脫水所需的時間 〇 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 在較佳的具體例中,用於要塗覆的產物的泥漿含有高 水含量。較佳者,該水含量可能達50%。這與先前的通常含 有極高固形物含量的混凝土配方成對比。 藉著結合上述配方中的各種成分,自整平的可脫水泥 漿係獲得其可以用於基材層,透過基材層脫水且藉以提供 此基材層以均勻的塗層。 —犯細--- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -8- 1225822 A7 B7 五、發明説明(6 ) 一般而言,應用塗層之後,得到的產物普通都會硬化 ,水氣硬化或水熱硬化,亦即高壓釜,如果需要的話,磨 成平滑平坦的修飾。 官能層的厚度分布於0.1至10毫米左右,較佳者〇·5至5 毫米而最佳者1至3毫米。 任意磨平之後,該層可能具有0.05至5毫米左右的深度 ,較佳者1至2毫米而最佳者0.5至1毫米。由此製成的複合物 其可加工性可與單一(單一層)複合物相比較。其可以彎折、 剪切、鑽孔及以指甲等釘牢於框架而沒有表面龜裂或碎屑 〇 申請者發現脫水的泥漿層及基材層之間的極佳層間鍵 結及相容性而得到優良的複合作用、相容性及耐脫層性。 整個標準中使用的「水硬黏合劑」意指磨成固態的、 乾燥的粉的材料,與水混合時,產生可塑性混合物可以定 型且硬化,舉例來說水泥。定義中包括的係白色、灰色或 上色的水泥及水硬石灰。 「混凝土」該詞包括水硬及阿里特水泥例如波特蘭水 泥,摻混型水泥例如波特蘭水泥與飛灰摻混、鼓風爐熔渣 、火山灰及此類之物及其混合物,墁砌水泥,油井水泥, 天然水然,礬土水泥,膨脹型水泥及此類之物,或其混合 物。 配方中黏合劑的量以乾的成分總量爲基準宜介於10至 50wt%之間,更佳者15至40wt%而最佳者20至30wt%。 用於本發明的飛灰提供許多優點,包括特別像是如以 本紙^:太^遗知¥^1國家標準(€奶)八4規格(210/297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 衣· f 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -9- 1225822 A7 _____ B7 五、發明説明(10) 水劑及密度改質劑都係適用於本發明者。 關於這一點,由本發明得到一個特別的優點係藉由官 能層中的添加物處理被塗覆的產物。解釋起來,因爲泥漿 係透過要塗覆的產物脫水,可能藉著摻在泥漿中而提供添 加物給基礎層。例如,防水劑例如矽甲烷可能包含於配方 中超過官能層所需的量。脫水期間,矽甲烷將流入且經過 經塗覆的基礎層。與經由澱積層提供官能特性同樣的相似 基礎層處理係由前述方法得到的重要的額外益處。 實現發明的最佳樽式 現在本發明將單單參考以下的具體例藉由實施例的方 法說明。 在以下每個實施例中,產物製造如下。 步驟1製備泥漿 該配方的泥漿係藉著混合水硬黏合劑、飛灰及其他任 意成分及水而製備。泥漿中的固形物含量宜介於50及90%之 間,更佳者55至80%而最佳者60至70%。 步驟2泥漿應用/脫水 泥漿係藉由任何傳統的裝置例如毛刷滾輪、刮刀或噴 霧器等等應用。泥漿係設計自整平且在產物上形成均勻的 塗層。被塗覆的建築物具有引致泥漿脫水的特定程度的多 孔性且形成均勻的澱積水泥層。脫水的時間可能變化極遽 本紙國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) " " " (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 Φ! 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -13- 1225822 A7 B7 五、發明説明(11) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 但通常介於10及9 0秒之間,端視被塗覆材料的多孔性、其 水含量及厚度及泥漿配方的黏度而定。必要的話可以用真 空降低泥漿脫水時間。這在量身訂做用於建築物生成過程 的速度的塗覆程序時特別有用,例如在哈斯考克生產線上 介於40至45秒之間。 步驟3硬化 形成之後,含建築物的綠色疊層物加上塗層宜做短時 間預硬化,例如達48小時,然後在室溫下藉由空氣/溼氣硬 化,在40及9 0°C之間以蒸氣硬化或在120及200°C之間在蒸氣 壓力容器中加壓蒸煮。 無論這三個硬化技術之中的任何一種,硬化時間範圍 介於6及72個小時,宜達48小時,較適合。當然,對於熟於 此藝之士將了解,選用於硬化的時間長度端視配方、製造 方法及物件外形而定。 以下的實施例關於指定的配方組成物。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 實施例1 :可磨光的脫水泥漿組成 功能:用於外觀應用的可磨光的、耐久性的修飾層。 低黏度泥漿(以50毫升漏斗的排洩時間=3.4秒)係用於基 礎層(由詹姆斯赫丹工業公司製造的HardiformTM12毫米厚的 纖維素纖維補強水泥爲主的綠色薄片)上。該泥漿在90秒內 脫水(未藉由真空輔助)形成1 · 25毫米厚的塗層。該塗覆的薄 片係於溫度180°C及壓力0.80MPa下加壓蒸煮8小時。然後用 0G7375 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -14- 1225822 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
(請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 五、發明説明(12) 裝置100號砂帶的工業級磨光機磨平至0.60毫米厚。 -15- 1225822 A7 B7 五、發明説明(13) 泥漿組成 以固形物總重量% 克重量 經脫水的水泥組成 波特蘭水泥 30 1 2000 矽石粉末(400克級) 10 4000 飛灰(大顆粒部分) 40 16000 飛灰(小顆粒部分) 20 8000 總共 100 40000 水(W) __ __ 14000 水/固形物(W/S比) 0.35 固形物含量(W/W + S) 0.74 有) _添加物 惠倫樹膠(Kelcocrete) 0.0075 3.0 萘甲醛塑化劑(Neosyn) 0.25 100.0 亞克力乳化物 1.0 400.0 Rhoplex MC1 934 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 實施例2 :橡膠化的經脫水泥漿組成 功能··用於止滑地板、硬質磨耗靜電分散地板及隔音 天花板中。 低黏度泥漿(以50毫升漏斗的排洩時間=4.2秒)係用於基 礎層(由詹姆斯赫丹工業公司製造的HardiformTM 12毫米厚的 纖維素纖維補強水泥爲主的綠色薄片)上。該泥漿在60秒內 脫水(未藉由真空輔助)形成1.25毫米厚的塗層。該塗覆的、薄 007877 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -16- 1225822 A7 B7 五、發明説明(14) 片係於溫度180 °C及壓力〇· 80 MPa下加壓蒸煮8小時。然後 用裝置100號砂帶的工業級磨光機磨平至〇·6〇毫米厚。 泥漿組成 以固形物總重量% 克重量 經脫水的水泥組成 波特蘭水泥 30 12000 矽石粉末(400克級) 10 4000 飛灰(大顆粒部分) 40 16000 飛灰(小顆粒部分) 20 8000 總共 100 40000 水(W) 13000 水/固形物(W/S比) 0.325 固形物含量(W/W + S) 0.755 等機添加物 惠倫樹膠(Kelcocrete) 0.0075 3.0 萘甲酵塑化劑(Neosyη) 0.25 100.0 亞克力乳化物 Rhoplex MC1934 1.0 400.0 實施例3 :撓性的且可磨光的經脫水泥漿細成 功能:在薄纖維水泥補強的水泥爲主的襯裡上的可撓 的且可磨光的層。 低黏度泥漿(以50毫升漏斗的排洩時間=2.8秒)係用於其 ,層J由詹姆斯赫丹工業公司製造的HardifomTM 一上「 i 4.5 毫米厚 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公ί ) ' ------ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -17- 1225822 A7 B7 五、發明説明(15) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 的纖維素纖維補強水泥爲主的綠色薄片)上。該泥漿在120秒 內脫水(未藉由真空輔助)形成1·25毫米厚的塗層。該塗覆的 薄片係於溫度180°C及壓力0.80 MPa下加壓蒸煮8小時。然 後用裝置100號砂帶的工業級磨光機磨平至0.60毫米厚。 泥漿組成 以固形物總重量% 克重量 經脫水的水泥組成 波特蘭水泥 20 8000 等級1 0 (平均大小4 0微米)的碳酸 10 4000 三水合氧化鋁(平均大小80微米) 5 2000 飛灰(大顆粒部分) 45 1 8000 飛灰(小顆粒部分) 20 8000 總共 100 40000 水 12000 水/固形物(W/S比) 0.30 固形物含量(W/W + S) 0.77 有機添加物 惠倫樹膠(Kelcocrete) 0.0075 3.0 萘甲醛塑化劑(Neosyn) 0.25 100.0 苯乙烯丙烯酸乳膠懸浮物 5 2000 (56%固形物) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 寶施例4 :撓件的且可磨光的經脫水泥漿組成(低水泥量) 功能:在薄纖維水泥補強的水泥爲主的襯裡上的可撓 本紙^國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 1225822 A7 _ B7 _ 五、發明説明(16) 的且可磨光的層。 低黏度泥漿(以50毫升漏斗的排洩時間=4· 5秒)係用於基 礎層(由詹姆斯赫丹工業公司製造的H ar diform TM 4.5毫米厚 的纖維素纖維補強水泥爲主的綠色薄片)上。該泥漿在9〇秒 內脫水(未藉由真空輔助)形成1.25毫米厚的塗層。該塗覆的 薄片係於溫度180°C及壓力0.80 MPa下加壓蒸煮8小時。然 後用裝置100號砂帶的工業級磨光機磨平至0.60毫米厚。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 泥漿組成 以固形物總重量% 克重量 經脫水的水泥組成 波特蘭水泥 10 4000 等級1〇(平均大小40微米)的碳酸 20 8000 三水合氧化鋁(平均大小80微米) 5 2000 飛灰(大顆粒部分) 40 1 8000 飛灰(小顆粒部分) 25 10000 總共 100 40000 水 16000 水/固形物(W/S比) 0.40 固形物含量(W/W + S) 0.715 有機添加物 惠倫樹膠(Kelcocrete) 0.0075 3.0 萘甲酵塑化劑(Neosyn) 0.25 100.0 粉末化的醋酸乙烯酯-乙烯共 1.625 650 聚合物(Vinnapas LL5004) 06 7/^0 成張尺度適用中國國家標準(€仰)八4規格(21〇><297公藶) -19- 1225822 A7 _ B7 _ 五、發明説明(17) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 上述的實施例提供可相容於單一或單獨層複合物的複 合物中。其可以彎折、剪切、鑽孔及以指甲或此類之物釘 牢於框架而沒有表面龜裂或碎屑。 該表面係「修飾好」且保持平滑、平坦、無龜裂且即 使以彎曲組態使用仍會有低滲透性。 每個實施例提供基礎薄片及塗層之間的優良層間鍵結 ,其具有良好的複合作用、相容性及耐脫層性。 申請者開發出一種獨特的方法使其能結合纖維補強層 與任意用寬廣範圍的合成或天然纖維,例如聚丙烯、玻璃 、聚乙燃醇、纖維素纖維等等,補強的官能脫水泥槳層。 前述方法的成果係製造具有強度、耐水性、低密度纖維水 泥的不可燃性、表面潤飾及舉例來說石膏板的絕緣性的纖 維補強複合物。 申請者發現使用在此說明的技術,官能層可以加至基 材而沒有層與層間的脫層或不相容性,亦即沒有差異性的 收縮、扭曲或相似的性質。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 熟於此藝之士將了解本發明可以其他形態具體化而不 會背離在此說明的發明點子的精神或範圍。尤其,人們將 了解本發明的配方、塗層、添加物、方法及複合產物係適 合或可能適用於不同優先權文獻中說明的方法及裝置。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -20-
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1225822 Α8 Β8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍巧 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1· 一種複合產物,其包含一層基材層及一層或更多應用 於彼的官能層,每層官能層都包括水硬黏合劑、脫水劑的 混合物,其中脫水劑的量足以使每一層官能層透過基材層 及任何外加的官能層脫水。 2·如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中每層官能層 都包括一種或更多官能添加物以供給該層想要的性質。 3.如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中該基材層係 經纖維補強的基礎材料。 4·如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中該基材層係 經補強的水泥產物。 5.如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中官能層係加 至基材層的兩側。 · 6·如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中官能層係加 至基材層的一側。 7·如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中每層官能層 都係由補強層所覆蓋。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 8·如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中補強層包含 纖維網孔或結網。 9.如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中補強層係一 層纖維補強水泥層。 10·如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中該複合產物 包含一層或更多官能層置於彼中的纖維補強水泥層構成的 外層。 G 〇 ί铁_£申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中相較於纖維 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ297公釐) -21 - 1225822 A8 B8 C8 D8 2 申請專利範圍 補強水泥層,官能層含有低的纖維含量。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1 2.如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中添加物及/ 或塡料係摻入官能層中提供給複合產物以想要的聲音性質 、熱或耐火的性能、密度改質、成本或生產效率、壓縮或 抗張強度、水份滲透性、比重或審美性質。 13. 如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中脫水劑係提 供足量以維持脫水期間官能層及基材層的多孔性。 14. 如申請專利範圍第1至13項中任一項之複合產物,其 中脫水劑係微粒材料。 15. 如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中脫水劑係選 自飛灰、三水合氧化鋁、矽石粉末、空心微珠或其混合物 〇 16·如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中,塗覆之後 ’經塗覆的產物係藉由晾乾、蒸氣硬化或在高壓釜中水熱 硬化而硬化。 17·如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中被塗覆的產 物係水泥建築板材或產物或石膏建築板材。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 18·如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中在該產物上 的官能層厚度係介於0.1及10毫米之間。 19 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中用於塗層中 的水硬黏合劑係選自白的、灰的或上色的水泥、水硬石灰 或其混合物。 20·如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中配方中的黏 合劑以乾燥成分的總量爲基準係介於10及50 wt%之間。 讎 準 標 家 國 國 用 通 釐 公 7 29 -22- 1225822 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍3 21. 如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中飛灰係脫水 劑。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 22. 如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中該脫水劑包 含: i) 以乾燥成分總量爲基準的配方的10至60wt%的第一種 飛灰成分,其粒徑介於1及1〇〇微米之間,以及 ii) 以乾燥成分總量爲基準的配方的5至30 wt%的第二種 飛灰成分,其極大粒徑爲10微米左右。 23. 如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中該脫水劑包 括粒徑大於100微米的粗粒部分的飛灰在內。 24. 如申請專利範圍第1項之複合產物,其中該官能層包 括添加劑以改良基材層的性質,所以端視官能層的脫水, 從而以該添加物處理基材層。 25. —種製造複合產物的方法,其包含: (i) 提供一種基材層, (ii) 提供一種包括水硬黏合劑及脫水劑的泥漿配方, (iii) 將該泥漿應用於該基材層以形成官能層, 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 (iv) 使官能層脫水,以及 (v) 任意重覆步驟(ii)至(iv),其中脫水劑的量足以保持 多孔性且藉以使每個官能層都能透過基材層及任何外加的 官能層脫水。 26·如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中每層官能層都 包括一種或更多官能添加物以供給該層想要的性質。 27·如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中該基材層係經 〇G:?384 ,______ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) -23- 1225822 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍4 纖維補強的基礎材料。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 2 8 ·如申請專利範圍第2 5項之方法,其中該基材層係經 補強的水泥產物。 29·如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中官能層係加至 基材層的兩側。 30.如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中官能層係加至 基材層的一側。 31·如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中每層官能層都 包括一種或更多官能添加物以供給該層想要的性質。 32·如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中每層官能層都 係由補強層所覆蓋。 3 3.如申請專利範圍第2 5項之方法,其中補強層包含纖 維網孔或結網。 34·如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中補強層係一層 纖維補強水泥層。 35.如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中該複合產物包 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 含一層或更多官能層置於彼中的纖維補強水泥層構成的外 層。 3 6.如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中相較於纖維補 強水泥層,官能層含有低的纖維含量。 3 7 ·如申請專利範圍第2 5項之方法,其中添加物及/或塡 料係摻入官能層中提供給複合產物以想要的聲音性質、熱 或耐火的性能、密度改質、成本或生產效率,壓縮或抗張 強度、水份滲透性、比重或審美性質。 ^紙^:尺^遵^&1國家標準(€奶)八4規格(210><297公釐) -24- 1225822 A8 B8 C8 D8 穴、申請專利托圍ς Ο 38·如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中脫水劑係提供 足量以維持脫水期間官能層及基材層的多孔性。 (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 39·如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中脫水劑係微粒 材料。 40·如申請專利範圍第25至39項中任一項之方法,其中 脫水劑係選自飛灰、三水合氧化鋁、矽石粉末、空心微珠 或其混合物。 4 1 ·如申請專利範圍第2 5項之方法,其中,塗覆之後, 經塗覆的產物係藉由晾乾、蒸氣硬化或在高壓釜中水熱硬 化而硬化。 42·如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中被塗覆的產物 係水泥建築板材或產物或石膏建築板材。 4 3 ·如申請專利範圍第2 5項之方法,其中在該產物上的 官能層厚度係介於0.1及10毫米之間。 44·如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中用於塗層中的 水硬黏合劑係選自白的、灰的或上色的水泥、水硬石灰或 其混合物。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 45.如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中配方中的黏合 劑以乾燥成分的總量爲基準係介於1 〇及5 0 w t %之間。 46·如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中飛灰係脫水劑 〇 47·如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中該脫水劑包含 .j)以乾燥成分總量爲基準的配方的10至60wt%的第一種 0 G ? α 8 〇 __;___ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210 X 297公嫠) -25- 1225822 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍。 6 飛灰成分,其粒徑介於1及100微米之間;以及 ii)以乾燥成分總量爲基準的配方的5至30 wt%的第二種 飛灰成分,其極大粒徑爲10微米左右。 48.如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中該脫水劑包括 粒徑大於100微米的粗粒部分的飛灰在內。 49·如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中該官能層包括 添加劑以改良基材層的性質,所以端視官能層的脫水,從 而以該添加物處理基材層。 50.如申請專利範圍第25項之方法,其中該泥漿配方係 藉由濺灑的方法用於基材層。 ---------0------訂------ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) -26- 公附WAi :笔 91 103846 號專利生簠塞、.._中文說明書替換頁民® 93年7月淨 |225822^ 申請曰期 案 號 類 別 _年 3 月 1 日 91103846 Α4 C4 id (以上各棚由本局填註) ~* 11 專利説.明書 發明 β —、新型名稱 中 文 複合産物及其製法 英文 A composite product and a method for preparing the same (1)(2)(3) 名 姓 貝希爾納加Naji,Basil Taha 約翰卡帝爾 Cottier, John Sydney ΙΪ也待萊恩斯Lyons, Robert 國 籍 _、發明 .、創作 人 住、居所 Π)澳洲新南威爾斯省東加寶瑪西亞街t A號 7A Marcia Street, Toongabbie, NSW 2146, Australia(2)澳州新南威爾斯奧特利密铋街九Ο B號 90B Mini Street, Oatley, NSW 2223, Australia(3>美國加州阿塔洛馬安堤坦路一一〇一五號 11015 Antietan Drive, Alta Loma, CA 91737, U.S.A* 裝 訂 (1)磨姆士哈帝研究股份有限公司 James Hardie Research Pty Limited 線 三、申請人 (1)澳洲(1)澳洲新南威爾斯玫瑰丘柯昆街十號研究及産品發展大樓一樓 Level 1, Research & Product Development Building, 10 Colquhoun Street, Rosehill, Nev South Wales 2142, (1)麥可布拉克 Brock, Michae] Raymond 本紙涞尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)以坭格(2丨0X 297公釐) 1225822
五、發明説明(7 ) 上定義的泥漿的脫水助劑。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 用於此的「飛灰」該詞意指含化學組成相以於或相同 於粉末狀煤炭燃燒期間製造的材料組成的固態粉末,亦即 25至60wt%矽石,10至30wt%三氧化二鋁,5至25wt%三氧化 二鐵,0至20wt%氧化鈣及0至5wt%氧化鎂。 在另一個較佳具體例中,脫水劑可能包括大於1 〇〇微米 的粗粒部分飛灰。粗粒部分飛灰包括來自煤炭燃燒的底灰 或相似的產物。使用這些產物時前述粒徑的飛灰有一個優 點係因爲其係便宜的。當然,熟於此藝之士悉知,當脫水 劑係此種粗粒飛灰時,某些泥漿再調製可能必需提供適當 的塗層及適合的脫水特性。 飛灰粒子通常係球形且直徑分布於1至100微米。在較 佳的具體例中,飛灰包含兩種成分。第一種「較大」顆粒 飛灰宜有100微米極大規格。飛灰這種規格範圍係用於泥獎 中協助改良泥漿的脫水特性而且還當作溫和的反應性火山 灰。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 第二種「較小」飛灰規格區宜具有10微米極大規格, 同樣也添加改良的脫水特性但係一種更高反應性的火山灰 。這種「較小」飛灰粒子區還改良磨光的完成層的表面品 質。 在較佳的具體例中,第一種飛灰以乾燥成分總量爲基 準,包含該配方的10至60wt%,更佳者20至50wt%而最佳者 30至 40wt%。 第二種飛灰成分以乾燥成分爲基準,宜提供該配方的5 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -10- 1225822
至30wt%,更佳者10至25wt%而最佳者15至20%。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 該官能層可能任意包含其他的添加物例如塡料。此塡 料也可能用於改良泥漿的脫水特性。舉例來說,空心微珠( 中空陶瓷微珠)矽藻土、矽礦石、磨細的稻殼、磨細的珍珠 岩或此類之物,尤其適合於此目的。 這些及其他的塡料也可以用於提供額外的益處,舉例 來說碳酸鈣或水合礬土分別改良塗層的可磨光性及可撓性 。矽石粉末改良塗層磨光表面的硬度而該層的聲音/熱絕緣 性質則可藉由包括橡膠顆粒、蛭石、珍珠石、斷片或延伸 的聚苯乙烯或石膏而改良。 以乾燥成分的總量爲基準,該塡料宜包含配方的5至 30wt%,更佳者10至25wt%而最佳者15至20wt%。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 該官能層也可能包含其他的有機添加物。水泥塑化劑 ,舉例來說,可能用於變換泥漿的流變學。適合的水泥塑 化劑包括磺酸三聚氰胺甲醛縮合物、磺酸萘甲醛縮合物、 磺酸萘、木質磺酸鈣、木質磺酸鈉、蔗糖、葡萄糖醛酸鈉 、磺酸、醣類、胺基羧酸、聚羥基羧酸、磺酸化三聚氰胺 及此類之物。 當然水泥塑化劑的用量視特殊塑化劑的流動能力而定 。通常塑化劑的量以配方中的乾燥成分的總量爲基準,介 於0.3至大約3wt%而更佳者0.5至2wt%。 特佳的水泥塑化劑係Melment F-10,一種以 SKW-Ti-osburg爲商標的極細白色粉末形式的三聚氰胺甲醛二磺 酸鈉聚合物分散劑。另一種適合的塑化劑係Neosyn,——種 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -11 - 1225822
取自漢德森化學品公司的磺酸化萘甲醛的縮合鈉鹽。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 塗層中的另一種較佳成分係用於增強混凝土泥漿的流 動性、耐隔離性及自整平品質的生物高聚物。特佳的生物 高聚物係黃原膠及/或惠倫(whelan)樹膠,例如由孟山都公 司製造的 KELCO-CRETE、K1C 376。 乳膠也可能包含於配方中改良官能層的黏著性、黏力 、安定性及不可滲透性。該乳膠還改良生成的複合物的可 撓性。 乳膠可能選自亞克力系乳膠、苯乙烯乳膠、丁二烯乳 膠或其混合物,並且以水泥(以聚合物固形物爲基準)固形物 的重量計,宜提供介於0.5至20%的量,更佳者1至15%而最 佳者大約10%。 乙烯基聚合物也可能添加或當作乳膠懸浮物的取代物 摻於配方中。此乙烯基聚合物或等量的聚合物材料會增強 官能層的黏著力、彈性及撓曲強度及耐磨耗性。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 較佳的乙烯基聚合物包括聚醋酸乙烯酯或醋酸乙烯酯 與另一種單體例如乙烯的共聚合物。特佳的醋酸乙烯樹脂 係包含取自魏克公司的醋酸乙烯酯-乙烯基聚合物的 VINNAPAS LL5044熱塑型樹月旨粉末。參照以上此粉末狀的 乙烯基聚合物宜提供相似於乳膠懸浮物的量。 除了以上之外,傳統的其他添加物例如礦物質氧化物 、氫氧化物及黏土,金屬氧化物及氫氧化物,火焰延遲劑 例如氧化鎂,增稠劑,矽煙或不定形矽石,水封劑,減水 劑,熱固改質劑,硬化劑,分散劑,消泡劑或凝聚劑,防 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) ~ -12-
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AUPR3477A AUPR347701A0 (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2001-03-02 | A method and apparatus for forming a laminated sheet material by spattering |
AUPR3476A AUPR347601A0 (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2001-03-02 | Additive for dewaterable slurry |
AUPR3478A AUPR347801A0 (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2001-03-02 | Coatings for building products |
AUPR3474A AUPR347401A0 (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2001-03-02 | A composite product |
AUPR3475A AUPR347501A0 (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2001-03-02 | Spattering apparatus |
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TWI225822B true TWI225822B (en) | 2005-01-01 |
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TW91103847A TW574164B (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2002-03-01 | Additive for dewaterable slurry |
TW91103843A TW505727B (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2002-03-01 | A method and apparatus for forming a laminated sheet material by spattering |
TW91103844A TW529987B (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2002-03-01 | Spattering apparatus |
TW91103845A TW590882B (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2002-03-01 | Coatings for building products |
TW91103846A TWI225822B (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2002-03-01 | A composite product and a method for preparing the same |
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TW91103847A TW574164B (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2002-03-01 | Additive for dewaterable slurry |
TW91103843A TW505727B (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2002-03-01 | A method and apparatus for forming a laminated sheet material by spattering |
TW91103844A TW529987B (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2002-03-01 | Spattering apparatus |
TW91103845A TW590882B (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2002-03-01 | Coatings for building products |
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US (14) | US20020179219A1 (zh) |
EP (5) | EP1370401A4 (zh) |
JP (5) | JP2004520975A (zh) |
KR (5) | KR100870627B1 (zh) |
CN (5) | CN1254352C (zh) |
AR (5) | AR032924A1 (zh) |
AT (2) | ATE372174T1 (zh) |
AU (3) | AU2002234428B2 (zh) |
BR (5) | BR0207807A (zh) |
CA (5) | CA2439425C (zh) |
CR (3) | CR7096A (zh) |
CZ (5) | CZ20032630A3 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE60222245T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK1370369T3 (zh) |
HU (5) | HUP0303345A3 (zh) |
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MY (3) | MY141057A (zh) |
NZ (5) | NZ528307A (zh) |
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TWI394734B (zh) * | 2005-07-29 | 2013-05-01 | United States Gypsum Co | 壁板中之矽氧烷聚合作用 |
TWI457229B (zh) * | 2006-09-29 | 2014-10-21 | United States Gypsum Co | 複合輕量石膏壁板 |
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