TW457732B - Luminaire, optical element and method of illuminating an object - Google Patents

Luminaire, optical element and method of illuminating an object Download PDF

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Publication number
TW457732B
TW457732B TW089101372A TW89101372A TW457732B TW 457732 B TW457732 B TW 457732B TW 089101372 A TW089101372 A TW 089101372A TW 89101372 A TW89101372 A TW 89101372A TW 457732 B TW457732 B TW 457732B
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optical element
plane
patent application
scope
light source
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TW089101372A
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English (en)
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Matthijs Hendrik Keuper
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Lumileds Lighting Bv
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
    • F21K9/69—Details of refractors forming part of the light source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/007—Array of lenses or refractors for a cluster of light sources, e.g. for arrangement of multiple light sources in one plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
    • F21K9/68—Details of reflectors forming part of the light source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S2/00—Systems of lighting devices, not provided for in main groups F21S4/00 - F21S10/00 or F21S19/00, e.g. of modular construction
    • F21S2/005—Systems of lighting devices, not provided for in main groups F21S4/00 - F21S10/00 or F21S19/00, e.g. of modular construction of modular construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
    • F21V13/02—Combinations of only two kinds of elements
    • F21V13/04—Combinations of only two kinds of elements the elements being reflectors and refractors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V17/00—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages
    • F21V17/10—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages characterised by specific fastening means or way of fastening
    • F21V17/12—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages characterised by specific fastening means or way of fastening by screwing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
    • F21V29/70—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
    • F21V29/83—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks the elements having apertures, ducts or channels, e.g. heat radiation holes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V31/00—Gas-tight or water-tight arrangements
    • F21V31/005—Sealing arrangements therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/02—Refractors for light sources of prismatic shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
    • F21V5/043—Refractors for light sources of lens shape the lens having cylindrical faces, e.g. rod lenses, toric lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/10—Outdoor lighting
    • F21W2131/103—Outdoor lighting of streets or roads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/40—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use
    • F21W2131/405—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use for shop-windows or displays
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2103/00—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes
    • F21Y2103/10—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes comprising a linear array of point-like light-generating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
    • F21Y2105/10—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Led Device Packages (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Securing Globes, Refractors, Reflectors Or The Like (AREA)

Description

457732 五、發明說明（i) -- 發明說明 ’ 本發明係關於一種發光體’包含一組光源及一组光學元 件。所討論之發光體’為一種特別是其令光源係由發光二 極管（light-emitting diode，簡稱LED)所構成者。 此種發光體例如可使用作為街燈’或在商店櫥窗°昭明物 品。當LED變為愈來愈有效率及強力時，使用LED供該目的 之可能性不斷增加’從而供所需要光輸出必要之LED之數 不斷減少。使每一LED置於一光學元件或其自身之透鏡後 面，以便可將每一LED之光導引在街道，或予以照明之物 品’為已知者。 此種發光體之一缺點，在於具有關聯透鏡之單獨之 f分布常不均勻分布，係由LED在透鏡之入射光不均勻分 布所導致。由於總光束為此等個別不 和，装最㈣結果也為—不均勾分布光束Ί。f先束 八ί Ϊ!之ϋ ί減輕以上種種缺點，並提供-有更均勾 體，包含-組光源，第根據本發明之發光 相對於一與該光源光學元件相反之光源 . 5 ;目對於—與該另一光源相反之光學元件之 個別⑽之位置為始终不因同為相效對= 同地方由不同led予以，昭；時所；；:2 -光學疋件在不 為更均句分布之光入射在月光時^ 对在先學70件，及因而更均勻分布之
第5頁 45)732 五、發明說明（2) 外出光束。 · 本發明之另一優點’在於可獨立於光學元件之數選擇發光 源之數。因此，發光增加或去除光源，或者開或關光源’ 藉以可更容易調適發光體之強度，而不影響所希望之光圖 樣。 較佳為’該組光源及該組光學元件各形成一矩陣，該等 矩陣具有實際相等尺寸，同時二矩陣之列及/或行數不 同。一實施例其中矩陣之列及/或行數超過另—矩陣之列 及/或行數一，實際上產生良好之結果。藉此種一矩陣配 置，可獲得一種可容易製造發光體。 ，佳為’光源為準直光源。藉反射及/或折射，導引來 自1 —LED之光，致使獲得平行束，在其入射在該組光學 几之前，可獲得外出束之更準確光分布。 “ί為因牛為矩形’並在其周圍之至少-部份彼 通過該电光學元株可保證該組LED所射出之整個發光束 較佳為:因而無光損失。 傾斜角。傾斜角;交;土：提供光學兀件’而有小面具有不同 算。因此之故，可Γ ΐ自物體應該予以照明之照明圖樣計 足使用者之特定一彳艮複雜而準確之光分布，以滿 影。 而求。此等光學元件甚至使文字能予以投 在—種較佳實施例， _ 係由實際平行先予几件具有—種鋸齒結構’小面 方向所見之d形成。一在—在光學元件之平面之 車父佳為具有彎曲側面。此等稜鏡可容易
457732 五、發明說明（3) 藉金屬去除工具提供在透鏡或透鏡矩陣。 本發明也係關於一種光學元件，其在一或兩側設有小 面’而該等小面具有不同之傾斜角。 本發明也係關於一種照明物體之方法，其中一組光源主 要位於一第一平面，及一組實際完全相同光學元件位於主 要位於一實際平行於第一平面之第二平面，至少一光源予 以相對於一與該光源相反之光學元件，設置在一不同於相 對於一與該另一發光源相反之光學元件之其他光源之一之 位置之位置。參照在下文所說明之實施例，將會明白及闡 釋本發明之此等及其他諸多方面。 在圖式中： 圖1為一種巳知發光體之概略平面圖； 圖2為在圖1中所示發光體之11 — 1 1線所取之剖面圖， 圖3示一光學元件； 圖4為一發光體之概略平面圖；以及 圖5略示圖4中所示發光體之效應。 圖1略示一種巳知發光體之平面圖，及圖2為在11-11線 所取之剖面圖。發光體包含一容納25 LED模組2之箱形外 殼1。此等模組各包括一發光二極管（LED )3，及一準直器 透鏡4 ’其藉反射及折射使led之射線成為一平行束。外出 之平行光束實際平行於LED模組2之對稱軸線5延伸。每一 此4 L E D模組2有一對稱軸線5，該等軸線在相互平行方向 延伸。 ° 外殼1有一蓋6，其設有25光學元件或透鏡7，其對稱轴
第7頁 457732 __________ 五、發明說明（4) 線與LED模組2之對稱軸線5重合。每一透鏡7之出口平面設 有一鑛齒形結構8，供使相關LED 3所產生之外出光偏向。 個別透鏡7可予以定向為致使偏向束之在平行方向延伸。 然而可代之為如圖所示，例如在圖1中所示，以一種致使 獲得不同之所希望照明圖樣之方式，使個別透鏡7定向。 而且’也可使用具有不同偏向功率之鋸齒形結構，供不同 LED模組2 °可代之為應用不同類型之LED 3，致使可獲得 所希望之彩色及/或強度圖樣。 圖3示一可應用於本發明之矩形光學元件17。該光學元 件1 7係由一透明材料之平板所構成，其中藉銑削在一面提 （ 供一列種鏡1 8。此等稜鏡1 8可也提供在光學元件之兩側。 在每一銑削位置，光學元件之表面有一供每一稜鏡18之不 同之角度α ’及一根據一定功能，沿稜鏡1 8之長度改變之 角度点’致使在一在光學元件之平面之方向所見之稜鏡彎 曲。來自LED之光所偏向之方向，因此依光線進入光學元 件之位置而定。角度α及角度0之變化藉電腦自在予以照 明之物體產生所需要之光圖樣予以計算。此圖樣可能很複 雜；吾人甚至甚至發現可藉此種光學元件投影文字。 將一矩形片之材料成一定角度α夾緊在一銑削機，並且 隨後銑削一第一禮鏡’從而銳削刀具依循一讀定角度沒之 變化之路徑，藉以可容易製造此種光學元件，或供此種元 件之矩陣。其次’以一種對應方式銳削所有隨後之稜鏡。 根據圖4，如圖1及2中所示之2 5LED模組2，在外殼予以 設置在一5x5矩陣。然而’在此情形，蓋並非藉對應之5χ5
第8頁 457732 五、發明說明（5) 矩陣之透鏡，而是如圖3 f所示，藉完全相同矩形光學元 件1 7之2 X 4矩陣所形成。 如果光源矩陣之列及行數分別稱作Nsr及Nse，以及在LED • 之間，在二方向之間隙分別稱作W sr及W s。，以及透鏡矩陣 之列及行數分別稱作，N L及N lc，以及光學元件之尺寸分 別稱作WU及Wlc，設若二矩陣具有相同尺寸，則適用下列 方程：
Nsr X Wsr = N lr x Wlr Nsc x Wsc = Nlc x Wlc 其確定光學元件尺寸間之關係及L E D模組間之距離。 在此實例，適用下列：
Nsr = 5，Nsc = 5，Nlr = 2 及nlc = 4。 由於此種配置，L E D模組2始終在一相對於一光學元件1 7 之不同位置，並且此配置之效應與如果如圖5中所示，所 有LED模組將以很小間隙位於一光學元件1 7所獲得之效應 相當。然而，由於LED模組2之尺寸，此種配置實際將為不 可能。以此方式，達成光學元件1 7之很均勻照明，並因而 達成很均勻分布之發光束。 預計結果可達成藉選擇LED矩陣之列及行數以及透鏡矩 陣為不同，亦即Nsr 乒 Nlr及Nsc _ Nlc，選擇列及行數 致使在其間之差僅為1，理論上便獲得最佳結果。然而， 生產技術原因可能贊同不同之數。
O:\62\62458.ptd 第9頁 457732 案號 89101372 石月； i 〇年《月 白絛正/更正/補九 日_修正支 五、發明說明柄） 元件符號簡要說明 1 發光體外-殼 2 LED模組 3 LED 4 準直器透鏡 5 對稱軸線 6 外般1之蓋 7 透鏡 8 錯齒形結構 17 光學元件 18 稜鏡
O:\62\62458.ptc 第9a頁 2001.06. 06. 010

Claims (1)

  1. 457 7 3 2 产以月7曰修正/更正/補，.尤 _案號 89101372_f σ年 &月 日_修正争_' , 六、申請專利範圍 1. 一種發光體，包含一組光源及一組實質相同之光學元 件，該組光源主要位於一第一平面，而該組實質上相同之 光學元件主要位於一實質上平行於第一平面之第二平面， 其中至少一光源相對於一與該光源相反之光學元件之位 置，與其他光源中之一光源相對於與該光源相反侧之光學 元件之位置不同。 2 .根據申請專利範圍第1項之發光體，其'特徵為，該組 光源及該組光學元件各形成一矩陣，該等矩陣具有實際相 等尺寸，同時二矩陣之列及/或行數不同。 3. 根據申請專利範圍第2項之發光體，其特徵為，一矩 陣列及 /或行數超過另一矩陣之列及/或行數一。 4. 根據申請專利範圍第1，2或3項之發光體，其，特徵 為，光源為準直光源。 5 .根據申請專利範圍第1，2或3項之發光體，其特徵 ' 為，光源為發光二極管（LED)。 6 .根據申請專利範圍第1，2或3項之發光體，其特徵· 為，光學元件為矩形。 7. 根據申請專利範圍第1，2或3項之發光體，其特徵 為，光學元件在其周圍之至少一部份彼此毗連。 8. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之發光體，其特徵為，光學 元4牛在一或兩侧設有具有不同傾斜角之小面。 9. 根據申請專利範圍第8項之發光體，其特徵為，光學 元件具有一種鋸齒結構，小面係由實質上平行之稜鏡所形 成。
    O:\62\62458.ptc 第1頁 2001. 06. 06. 012 457732 _案號891D1372_命年6月/日 修正_ 六、申請專利範圍 1 0.根據申請專利範圍第9項之發光體，其特徵為一稜鏡 在一在光學元件之平面之方向見為具有彎曲側面。 11. 一種適合用於發光體之光學元件，包括一組光源， 該組光源主要位於一第一平面，該第一平面平行於該光學 元件所形成之一第二平面，該元件在第二平面之兩側各設 有一表面，該設於一側或兩侧之表面各具有一小面，各小 面均具有一傾斜角，該第二平面之特徵為該小面具有不同 之傾斜角。 1 2.根據申請專利範圍第1 1項之光學元件，其特徵為光 學元件具有一種鋸齒結構，小面係由實際平行稜鏡所形 成。 ’ 1 3.根據申請專利範圍第1 1或1 2項之光學元件，其特徵 為一稜鏡在一在光學元件之平面之方向見為具有彎曲側 面。 1 4. 一種照明物體之方法，包括下列步驟： (a) 將一組光源主要設置在一第一平面； (b) 將一組大致均相同光學元件主要設置在一大致平行於 第一平面之第二平面； (c )針對與至少一光源相反側之一光學元件，將該至少一 光源，以相對於一位於該其他光源相反侧之一光學元件之 方式，配置在一與其他光源中之一光源不同之位置。 1 5,根據申請專利範圍第1 4項之方法，其特徵為光學元 件在一或兩側設有具有不同傾斜角之小面，傾斜角之該等 角度係自物體藉其予以照明之照明圖樣予以計算。
    O:\62\62458.ptc 第2頁 2001. 08.21.013
TW089101372A 1999-08-27 2000-01-27 Luminaire, optical element and method of illuminating an object TW457732B (en)

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