TW202120460A - Seedling culture soil/soil for agriculture and horticulture, and method for producing same - Google Patents

Abstract

This seedling culture soil/oil for agriculture and horticulture has a primary raw material which is a lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder composted material obtained by composting a lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder obtained by lactic acid fermentation of a bamboo powder. A method for producing this seedling culture soil/soil for agriculture and horticulture includes: a fine powder formation step P1 for obtaining a bamboo powder by finely powdering fresh bamboo; a lactic acid fermentation step P2 for subjecting the finely powdered bamboo powder obtained in the fine powder formation step P1 to lactic acid fermentation; a blending step P3 for blending a bamboo charcoal powder with the lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder obtained in the lactic acid fermentation step P2; a composting step P4 for composting the bamboo charcoal powder and the lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder obtained in the blending step P3; and a mixing step P5 for mixing a soil-improving material or a fertilizer with the composted lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder obtained in the composting step P4 so as to produce the seedling culture soil/soil for agriculture and horticulture.

Description

農園藝用育苗培土、用土及其製造方法Seedling cultivation soil for agriculture and horticulture, soil used and manufacturing method thereof

本發明關於一種農園藝用育苗培土或用土與其製造方法。The invention relates to a soil for raising seedlings or soil for agriculture and horticulture and a method for producing the same.

就如自古以來「苗半作」這個詞彙所說，收成量有一半是取決於苗能否順利生長。因此，在栽培蔬菜、花卉等的農園藝植物時，育苗是一個重要的工作。Just as the term "half crop for seedlings" has been said since ancient times, half of the harvest depends on the smooth growth of seedlings. Therefore, seedling cultivation is an important task when cultivating agricultural and horticultural plants such as vegetables and flowers.

距今約50年前，用來育苗的培土(床土)，一般是農家自已花時間和勞力來製造，但後來被稱為「農園藝用育苗培土」的資材變得普及。此農園藝用育苗培土，起先是以山土等為原料並於其中添加肥料然後造粒所得到的「造粒培土」為主流，然而它的笨重是最大的缺點。About 50 years ago, the soil (bed soil) used to raise seedlings was generally made by farmers themselves with their own time and labor. However, materials later called "growing soil for agriculture and horticulture" became popular. The soil for growing seedlings for agriculture and horticulture initially used mountain soil as raw materials and added fertilizers to it and then granulated the "granulation soil" as the mainstream. However, its bulkiness is the biggest disadvantage.

於是，昭和50年代以後，將肥料混合至泥炭蘚、沸石、蛭石、珍珠岩等的土壤改良資材而成且較輕的「混合培土」變得普及。此混合培土所含的土壤改良資材之中佔最多體積的是泥炭蘚。此處「泥炭蘚」，是指水蘚等的蘚苔類、蘆葦、薹草、沼茅等的植物在濕地堆積然後腐植化而成的資材，也被稱為「泥炭」。然後，採掘此泥炭，並可將進行了脫水、粉碎、篩選後的資材使用作為育苗培土或農園藝用土的原料。Therefore, since the 1950s of the Showa era, lighter "mixed soil" made by mixing fertilizers with soil improvement materials such as sphagnum moss, zeolite, vermiculite, and perlite has become popular. Among the soil improvement materials contained in this mixed soil cultivation, the largest volume is sphagnum moss. Here, "sphagnum moss" refers to the materials formed by humus accumulation of plants such as sphagnum moss, reeds, sedge grass, and marsh grass. It is also called "sphagnum". Then, the peat is excavated, and the dehydrated, crushed, and sieved materials can be used as a raw material for seedling cultivation or soil for agriculture and horticulture.

另外，現在，作為育苗培土原料等使用的泥炭蘚幾乎都是由國外進口到日本。起初是以加拿大進口為中心，然而會有資源枯竭或環境破壞等的顧慮，最近由北歐的進口正在增加。In addition, almost all sphagnum moss used as raw materials for raising seedlings and soil is imported to Japan from abroad. At first, Canadian imports were the main focus. However, there are concerns about resource depletion or environmental damage. Recently, imports from Northern Europe are increasing.

泥炭蘚與石油或煤炭等同樣是有限天然資源，作為其替代資源，一部分改用了可再生的未利用資源椰糠。此處，「椰糠」是指將椰樹果實的殼(椰子殼)的纖維與粉末堆積並且發酵所得到的資材。此椰糠是可再生的資源，然而在日本無法取得，因此全部都是依賴從斯里蘭卡等處的進口。Sphagnum moss, like petroleum or coal, is also a limited natural resource. As an alternative resource, part of it is replaced by a renewable unused resource coconut chaff. Here, "coco peat" refers to a material obtained by stacking fibers and powder of the shell (coconut husk) of a coconut tree fruit and fermenting. This coconut chaff is a renewable resource, but it is not available in Japan, so all of it depends on imports from Sri Lanka and other places.

另一方面，竹林在日本國內的淺山或山林中擴大，此竹林會對周圍的植被、動物的棲息造成不良影響，或損害森林景觀，因此會造成很大的社會問題。On the other hand, bamboo forests have expanded in shallow mountains or mountain forests in Japan. Such bamboo forests can adversely affect the surrounding vegetation and animal habitats, or damage the forest landscape, thus causing great social problems.

於是，採伐竹子或使其燃料化、碳化、加工成竹粉等，並將資材作為農用地的土壤改良資材來利用等的有效活用是正在進行當中。此處，使用泥炭蘚作為農園藝用育苗培土的原料主要的理由，是因為該泥炭蘚的保水性優異。Therefore, effective utilization of bamboos such as harvesting bamboo, fueling, carbonizing, and processing into bamboo powder, etc., and using the materials as soil improvement materials for agricultural land is in progress. Here, the main reason for using sphagnum moss as a raw material for growing seedlings for agriculture and horticulture is that the sphagnum moss is excellent in water retention.

採伐孟宗竹、剛竹，並將粉碎的竹粉施用於田地，則與泥炭蘚同樣地提高保水性，可期待改善農作物的發育環境。但是，竹粉的碳率高達160左右，因此若對土壤施用竹粉，則會有導致氮飢餓的可能性。另外，若將粉碎後的竹粉放置，則因為乳酸發酵，pH會降低至4左右，因此與土壤混合會導致土壤酸性化，而對植物的生長發育造成阻礙。所以，無法將竹粉直接作為農園藝用育苗培土的原料來使用。Harvesting Mengzong bamboo and bamboo, and applying the pulverized bamboo powder to the field will improve water retention in the same way as sphagnum moss, and it is expected to improve the growth environment of crops. However, the carbon ratio of bamboo powder is as high as about 160, so if bamboo powder is applied to the soil, it may cause nitrogen starvation. In addition, if the pulverized bamboo powder is left, the pH will be lowered to about 4 due to lactic acid fermentation. Therefore, mixing with the soil will cause the soil to acidify and hinder the growth and development of plants. Therefore, bamboo powder cannot be used directly as a raw material for growing seedlings for agriculture and horticulture.

於是，專利文獻1提出了一種用來製造乳酸發酵竹粉的方法，藉由在乳酸發酵竹粉中摻合木瓜酵素等的植物酵素與竹炭粉，並加以混合，可謀求pH的中性化。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]Therefore, Patent Document 1 proposes a method for producing lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder. By blending lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder with plant enzymes such as papaya enzyme and bamboo charcoal powder, the pH can be neutralized. [Prior Technical Literature] [Patent Literature]

[專利文獻1]　日本特許第5357459號公報[Patent Document 1] 　Japanese Patent No. 5357459

[發明所欲解決的課題][The problem to be solved by the invention]

然而，在專利文獻1中並沒有揭示關於在農園藝領域的具體用途。However, Patent Document 1 does not disclose specific applications in the field of agriculture and horticulture.

本發明是鑑於上述狀況而完成，目的在於提供一種利用竹粉作為農園藝用育苗培土主原料泥炭蘚的替代資材及其製造方法。此培土包括在用於設施栽培、盆栽等的用土或適合於植物的原料土中調合肥料等而成的培土。 [用以解決課題的手段]The present invention was completed in view of the above situation, and its object is to provide an alternative material for sphagnum moss using bamboo powder as the main raw material for growing seedlings for agriculture and horticulture, and a method for producing the same. This cultivating soil includes cultivating soil obtained by blending fertilizers and the like with soil used for facility cultivation, potting, etc., or raw material soil suitable for plants. [Means to solve the problem]

為了達成此目的，本發明所關連的農園藝用育苗培土、用土，含有使竹粉乳酸發酵後的乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化而成的乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物。In order to achieve this objective, the soil for raising seedlings and soil for agriculture and horticulture related to the present invention contains a lactic acid fermented bamboo powder compost obtained by composting lactic acid fermented bamboo powder after lactic acid fermentation of bamboo powder.

另外，本發明所關連的農園藝用育苗培土、用土之製造方法，具備：使生竹微粉化，製成竹粉之微粉化步驟；使藉由微粉化步驟微粉化的竹粉乳酸發酵之乳酸發酵步驟；在藉由乳酸發酵步驟所得到的乳酸發酵竹粉中摻合竹炭粉之摻合步驟；使藉由摻合步驟摻合的乳酸發酵竹粉與竹炭粉堆肥化之堆肥化步驟；及混合化步驟。混合化步驟是以藉由堆肥化步驟所得到的乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物作為泥炭蘚的替代原料利用於農園藝。具體而言，在乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物中混合泥炭蘚、沸石、鹿沼土、蛭石及珍珠岩等的土壤改良資材的任一種或多種植物發育所必要的肥料，來利用作為蔬菜、花卉的育苗培土，或草莓的高架床栽培用土或蔬菜、花卉的隔離床用土。In addition, the method of producing soil for growing seedlings and soil for agriculture and horticulture related to the present invention includes: a step of micronizing raw bamboo to make bamboo powder; and lactic acid fermenting the bamboo powder that has been micronized by the step of micronizing. Fermentation step; a blending step of blending bamboo charcoal powder into the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder obtained by the lactic acid fermentation step; a composting step of composting the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder and bamboo charcoal powder blended by the blending step; and Mixing step. In the mixing step, the lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder compost obtained by the composting step is used as an alternative raw material for sphagnum moss in agriculture and gardening. Specifically, the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder compost is mixed with any one or more of soil improvement materials such as sphagnum moss, zeolite, carruma soil, vermiculite, and perlite, and the fertilizer necessary for plant growth is used as vegetables and flowers. Seedling cultivation soil, or elevated bed cultivation soil for strawberries or isolation bed soil for vegetables and flowers.

根據藉由本發明所關連的製造方法所製造的農園藝用育苗培土，可利用其中所含有的乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物作為泥炭蘚的替代資材，並且藉由竹炭粉可謀求農園藝用培土的中性化。所以，只要利用這種農園藝用育苗培土作為農園藝植物的育苗資材，則可有效利用麻煩的竹子作為泥炭蘚的替代資源。結果可降低有限天然資源泥炭蘚的採掘、降低遠距離運輸伴隨而來的二氧化碳產生量等，而降低了環境負荷。According to the agricultural and horticultural seedling cultivation soil produced by the production method related to the present invention, the lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder compost contained therein can be used as a substitute material for sphagnum moss, and the bamboo charcoal powder can be used in agricultural and horticultural cultivation soil. Sexualized. Therefore, as long as the seedling cultivation soil for agriculture and horticulture is used as a seedling cultivation material for agricultural and horticultural plants, troublesome bamboo can be effectively used as an alternative resource for sphagnum moss. As a result, the extraction of sphagnum moss, a limited natural resource, can be reduced, and the amount of carbon dioxide produced by long-distance transportation can be reduced, thereby reducing the environmental load.

此處，在摻合步驟之中，可進一步摻合竹葉粉。Here, in the blending step, bamboo leaf powder may be further blended.

根據此構成，藉由竹葉粉所具有的強殺菌性與抗菌性，可提高農園藝用育苗培土、用土的殺菌性與抗菌性。 [發明效果]According to this structure, due to the strong bactericidal and antibacterial properties of the bamboo leaf powder, the bactericidal and antibacterial properties of the seedling cultivation and soil for agriculture and horticulture can be improved. [Effects of the invention]

依據本發明，利用作為泥炭蘚的替代資材，可得到謀求農園藝植物發根性的提升，同時可有效利用竹子而降低環境負荷的效果。According to the present invention, the use as an alternative material for sphagnum moss can achieve the effect of improving the rooting properties of agricultural and horticultural plants, and at the same time, the effect of effectively using bamboo to reduce environmental load.

以下根據附加圖式來說明本發明之實施形態。The following describes the embodiments of the present invention based on the attached drawings.

圖1是依照步驟順序來表示本發明所關連的農園藝用育苗培土、用土之製造方法的方塊圖。本發明所關連的農園藝用育苗培土、用土之製造方法具備以下1)至5)所揭示的步驟P1～P5。具備： 1)使生竹微粉化，製成竹粉之微粉化步驟P1； 2)使藉由微粉化步驟P1微粉化的竹粉乳酸發酵之乳酸發酵步驟P2； 3)在藉由乳酸發酵步驟P2所得到的乳酸發酵竹粉中摻合竹炭粉之摻合步驟P3； 4)使藉由摻合步驟P3所摻合的乳酸發酵竹粉與竹炭粉堆肥化之堆肥化步驟P4；及 5)在藉由堆肥化步驟P4所得到的乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物中混合泥炭蘚、沸石、鹿沼土、蛭石、珍珠岩等的土壤改良資材與肥料，製造出農園藝用培土、用土之混合化步驟P5。Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the method of manufacturing seedling cultivation and soil for agriculture and horticulture related to the present invention in a sequence of steps. The manufacturing method of the soil for raising seedlings and soil for agriculture and horticulture related to the present invention includes steps P1 to P5 disclosed in the following 1) to 5). have: 1) Micronizing raw bamboo to prepare the micronizing step P1 of bamboo powder; 2) Lactic acid fermentation step P2 of lactic acid fermentation of the bamboo powder micronized by the micronization step P1; 3) Blending step P3 of blending bamboo charcoal powder into the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder obtained by lactic acid fermentation step P2; 4) Composting step P4 of composting the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder and bamboo charcoal powder blended by the blending step P3; and 5) The lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder compost obtained by the composting step P4 is mixed with soil improvement materials such as peat moss, zeolite, deer soil, vermiculite, perlite, etc., and fertilizers to produce soil for agriculture and horticulture. Mixing step P5.

以下針對上述各步驟P1～P5詳細說明。The following is a detailed description of each of the above steps P1 to P5.

1)微粉化步驟P1： 在微粉化步驟P1之中，使用生長2～3年的孟宗竹，藉由將該生竹切削，微粉化成既定大小，而得到竹粉。為了使該生竹的微粉化，使用了具備抵住生竹的端面並且旋轉的旋轉刀刃的竹粉化裝置等，該竹粉化裝置會以約50μm左右的厚度來切削生竹，可產生蜂巢狀竹粉。此外，竹粉的粒徑可為約50～600μm左右，竹粉可為將生竹粉碎所得到的粉。1) Micronization step P1: In the micronization step P1, Mengzong bamboo that has been grown for 2 to 3 years is used, and the raw bamboo is cut and micronized into a predetermined size to obtain bamboo powder. In order to micronize the raw bamboo, a bamboo powdering device with a rotating blade that rotates against the end surface of the raw bamboo is used. The bamboo powdering device cuts the raw bamboo with a thickness of about 50μm, and can produce honeycombs. Shaped bamboo powder. In addition, the particle size of the bamboo powder may be about 50-600 μm, and the bamboo powder may be a powder obtained by pulverizing raw bamboo.

2)乳酸發酵步驟P2： 在乳酸發酵步驟P2之中，將藉由微粉化步驟P1所得到的竹粉每次以既定量逐步填充至發酵容器，例如透明橡膠袋等的發酵袋，將發酵袋內部的空氣脫除之後，將該發酵袋口封住。此處，被密封在發酵袋中的竹粉含有適度的水分，將密封了該竹粉的發酵袋搬入發酵室。2) Lactic acid fermentation step P2: In the lactic acid fermentation step P2, the bamboo powder obtained by the micronization step P1 is gradually filled into a fermentation container, such as a fermentation bag such as a transparent rubber bag, in a predetermined amount each time. After the air inside the fermentation bag is removed, Seal the mouth of the fermentation bag. Here, the bamboo powder sealed in the fermentation bag contains moderate moisture, and the fermentation bag sealed with the bamboo powder is carried into the fermentation chamber.

在發酵室中，室溫保持在25℃左右，發酵袋會在被遮光性薄片覆蓋的狀態下靜置7～10天左右。如此一來，在此期間發酵袋內的竹粉會進行乳酸發酵，可得到乳酸發酵竹粉。In the fermentation room, the room temperature is maintained at about 25°C, and the fermentation bag is left standing for about 7 to 10 days in a state covered with a light-shielding sheet. In this way, the bamboo powder in the fermentation bag will undergo lactic acid fermentation during this period, and lactic acid fermentation bamboo powder can be obtained.

3)摻合步驟P3： 在摻合步驟P3之中，將藉由乳酸發酵步驟P2所得到的乳酸發酵竹粉倒入攪拌機，在該乳酸發酵竹粉中摻合竹炭粉，並將兩者攪拌。乳酸發酵竹粉呈現強酸性，而且會發出特有的強烈臭氣。所以，在此摻合步驟P3之中，藉由將鹼性的竹炭粉摻合至乳酸發酵竹粉，藉由其中和作用，可使乳酸發酵竹粉的pH在4.0至接近中性的7.0左右。另外，藉由竹炭粉的脫臭作用，可去除乳酸發酵竹粉特有的臭氣。此外，摻合至乳酸發酵竹粉中的竹炭粉的量，以相對於乳酸發酵竹粉10kg為200g左右為適當。3) Blending step P3: In the blending step P3, the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder obtained by the lactic acid fermentation step P2 is poured into a blender, the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder is blended with bamboo charcoal powder, and the two are stirred. Lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder presents strong acidity and emits a unique strong odor. Therefore, in this blending step P3, by blending the alkaline bamboo charcoal powder with the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder, the pH of the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder can be made to be around 4.0 to nearly neutral 7.0 through neutralization. . In addition, the deodorizing effect of bamboo charcoal powder can remove the unique odor of lactic acid fermented bamboo powder. In addition, the amount of bamboo charcoal powder blended into the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder is approximately 200 g relative to 10 kg of the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder.

此外，在此摻合步驟P3之中，亦可進一步摻合竹葉粉，將乳酸發酵竹粉與竹炭粉一起攪拌。此處，竹葉粉是將包含竹枝的竹葉粉碎所得到的粉，藉由將該竹葉粉例如與等量的乳酸發酵竹粉摻合，利用竹葉粉所具有的強殺菌作用與抗菌作用，可提高最終製品的農園藝用育苗培土的殺菌性與抗菌性。In addition, in this blending step P3, the bamboo leaf powder can also be further blended, and the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder and the bamboo charcoal powder are stirred together. Here, bamboo leaf powder is powder obtained by pulverizing bamboo leaves containing bamboo branches. By blending the bamboo leaf powder with, for example, the same amount of lactic acid fermented bamboo powder, the strong bactericidal effect and antibacterial effect of the bamboo leaf powder are utilized. It can improve the bactericidal and antibacterial properties of the final product of agricultural and horticultural seedling cultivation soil.

4)堆肥化步驟： 在堆肥化步驟P4之中，在摻合步驟P3中，將摻合了竹炭粉或竹炭粉與竹葉粉的乳酸發酵竹粉再度裝入具有高氣密性與遮光性的發酵袋，在發酵室內並在與乳酸發酵時同樣的條件下靜置數週左右，使其堆肥化。像這樣的方式得到的乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物，乳酸發酵竹粉特有的臭氣也會變少，並呈弱酸性至中性。4) Composting steps: In the composting step P4, in the blending step P3, the lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder blended with bamboo charcoal powder or bamboo charcoal powder and bamboo leaf powder is refilled into a fermentation bag with high airtightness and light-shielding properties. Place it indoors for a few weeks under the same conditions as during lactic acid fermentation to make it compost. In the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder compost obtained in this way, the unique odor of lactic acid fermented bamboo powder will also be reduced, and it will be weakly acidic to neutral.

5)混合化步驟： 在培土原料的混合化步驟P5之中，在藉由堆肥化步驟P4所得到的乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物中混合泥炭蘚、沸石、鹿沼土、蛭石、珍珠岩等的土壤改良資材與肥料，製造出農園藝用培土、用土，得到最終製品的農園藝用育苗培土。此外，混合至乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物的土壤改良資材的種類，並不一定要將全部的種類混合，可因應育苗或栽培的植物種類或使用的季節、地域等定為單獨或多種。另外，在將多種土壤改良資材混合的情況，混合比例也可適當地改變。5) Mixing steps: In the mixing step P5 of soil cultivation materials, the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder compost obtained in the composting step P4 is mixed with soil improvement materials such as sphagnum moss, zeolite, deer marsh soil, vermiculite, and perlite, and fertilizer, Manufacture soil and soil for agriculture and horticulture, and obtain the final product of soil for raising seedlings for agriculture and horticulture. In addition, the types of soil improvement materials mixed into the lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder compost do not necessarily have to be all types mixed, and can be determined individually or in multiple types according to the types of plants to be raised or cultivated, the season of use, and the region. In addition, in the case of mixing a plurality of soil improvement materials, the mixing ratio can also be appropriately changed.

此處針對藉由以上說明的一連串步驟P1～P5所製造出的農園藝用育苗培土的實施例作說明。 [實施例1]Here, an example of the seedling cultivation soil for agriculture and horticulture produced by the series of steps P1 to P5 described above will be described. [Example 1]

在本實施例1中，對於本發明所關連的農園藝用育苗培土中所含有的乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物(竹泥炭)與作為農園藝用育苗培土原料所大量使用的拉脫維亞產泥炭蘚進行化學分析。將其結果的pH與導電率及容積重揭示於表1。 [表1] 試樣 pH(H₂ O) 導電率 容積重 mS/cm g/100cc 竹泥炭 6.6 0.79 20.2 泥炭蘚 4.3 0.02 16.7 In this Example 1, the lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder compost (bamboo peat) contained in the agricultural and horticultural seedling cultivation soil related to the present invention and the Latvian sphagnum moss used in large quantities as the raw material for the agricultural and horticultural seedling cultivation soil were chemically tested. analysis. The resultant pH, conductivity, and volumetric weight are shown in Table 1. [Table 1] Sample pH(H ₂ O) Conductivity Volumetric weight mS/cm g/100cc Bamboo peat 6.6 0.79 20.2 Sphagnum moss 4.3 0.02 16.7

由同表可知，關於泥炭蘚，pH為4.3、導電率為0.02mS/cm、容積重為16.7g/100cc。相對於此，關於乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物，pH為6.6、導電率為0.79mS/cm、容積重為20.2g/100cc。From the same table, it can be seen that for sphagnum moss, the pH is 4.3, the conductivity is 0.02 mS/cm, and the volumetric weight is 16.7 g/100cc. In contrast, the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder compost had a pH of 6.6, an electrical conductivity of 0.79 mS/cm, and a volumetric weight of 20.2 g/100 cc.

泥炭蘚的pH為4.3，呈現酸性，因此在喜好酸性土壤的藍莓等的栽培之中，經常被使用作為使土壤酸性化的資材。但是，在農園藝用育苗培土或用土之中，以pH6.5前後為佳，因此一般是混合苦土石灰等的石灰資材以調整pH。所以，乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物呈現pH6.6，因此適合作為農園藝用育苗培土的原料。Sphagnum moss has an acidic pH of 4.3, so it is often used as a material to acidify the soil in the cultivation of blueberries, etc., which prefer acidic soil. However, in the soil for raising seedlings or soil for agriculture and horticulture, the pH is preferably around 6.5, so it is generally mixed with lime materials such as bitter soil lime to adjust the pH. Therefore, the lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder compost exhibits a pH of 6.6, so it is suitable as a raw material for growing seedlings in agriculture and horticulture.

關於容積重，乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物(竹泥炭)與泥炭蘚皆顯示為20g/100cc前後的值，關於輕量性，兩者大致相同。此外，關於導電率，可確認乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物與泥炭蘚之間有顯著的差異，然而此差異，是因為在堆肥化時添加乳酸發酵竹粉作為分解促進材，隨著米糠分解產生的無機態氮(硝酸態氮)所造成。此導電率的差異，如後述實施例2所說明般，不會對植物生長發育造成阻礙。因此可利用乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物作為泥炭蘚的替代資材。 [實施例2]Regarding volumetric weight, both the lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder compost (bamboo peat) and sphagnum moss show values around 20g/100cc, and the lightness of the two is approximately the same. In addition, regarding electrical conductivity, it can be confirmed that there is a significant difference between the lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder compost and sphagnum moss. However, this difference is due to the addition of lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder as a decomposition promoting material during composting, which is produced as the rice bran decomposes. Caused by inorganic nitrogen (nitrate nitrogen). This difference in conductivity, as explained in Example 2 described later, will not hinder the growth and development of plants. Therefore, the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder compost can be used as an alternative material for sphagnum moss. [Example 2]

在本實施例2之中，進行了本發明所關連的農園藝用育苗培土的發芽測試。亦即，如實施例1所說明般，乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物的導電率顯示為比泥炭蘚的導電率明顯更高的值。因此藉由使用小松菜的發芽實驗來調查高導電率對植物發芽造成的影響。In this Example 2, the germination test of the seedling cultivation soil for agriculture and horticulture related to the present invention was conducted. That is, as described in Example 1, the electrical conductivity of the lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder compost showed a significantly higher value than the electrical conductivity of sphagnum moss. Therefore, a germination experiment using Komatsu cabbage was used to investigate the effect of high electrical conductivity on plant germination.

在發芽實驗之中，在培養皿中裝入乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物並使厚度成為約1cm，於其中加入純水，使乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物被純水浸濕。作為對照，在培養皿中鋪紙，於其中加入純水到紙被浸濕的程度。然後在兩培養皿中各播種10粒小松菜的種子。In the germination experiment, the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder compost was placed in a petri dish to make the thickness about 1 cm, and pure water was added to the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder compost to be soaked with pure water. As a control, paper was laid in a petri dish, and pure water was added to the paper to the extent that the paper was soaked. Then 10 small pine vegetables seeds were sown in each of the two petri dishes.

結果，播種第3天的發芽率，兩區皆為100%。此情況下的胚軸長與子葉，皆以乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物區為較優。As a result, the germination rate on the third day of sowing was 100% in both areas. In this case, the hypocotyl length and cotyledons are better in the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder compost area.

泥炭蘚為pH4.3的酸性資材，因此並未對其進行小松菜的發芽測試，然而乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物，即使是對發芽有疑慮的程度的高導電率，也能夠確認發芽沒有障礙。所以，乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物可利用作為泥炭蘚的替代資材。 [實施例3]Sphagnum moss is an acidic material with a pH of 4.3, so it has not been tested for the germination of Komatsu cabbage. However, the lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder compost has a high conductivity that is suspected of germination, and it can be confirmed that there is no obstacle to germination. Therefore, the lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder compost can be used as an alternative material for sphagnum moss. [Example 3]

在本實施例3之中，將農園藝用育苗培土原料的泥炭蘚的半量與全量替代為乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物，試作出育苗培土，進行苦瓜的育苗測試。In this Example 3, half and the full amount of sphagnum moss, a raw material for growing seedlings for agriculture and horticulture, was replaced with the compost of lactic acid fermentation bamboo powder, and the soil for growing seedlings was tried to be tested for growing seedlings of bitter gourd.

將泥炭蘚、鹿沼土、沸石以體積比65：30：5的比例混合，並添加育苗所必要的肥料與用來調整pH的石灰資材。以此培土作為對照區，將泥炭蘚的半量與全量替代為乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物，設置半量區與全量區。然後，將這三種育苗培土填充至直徑9cm的塑膠花盆，於其中播種苦瓜的種子。Mix sphagnum moss, deer marsh soil, and zeolite in a ratio of 65:30:5 by volume, and add fertilizers necessary for seedling cultivation and lime materials to adjust pH. Using this soil cultivation as a control zone, half and full amount of sphagnum moss was replaced with lactic acid fermented bamboo powder compost, and half and full amount zones were set up. Then, the three kinds of seedling cultivation soil were filled into a plastic flowerpot with a diameter of 9 cm, and the seeds of bitter gourd were sown in it.

2週後苦瓜苗的平均生長高度與最大葉長的任一者，半量區與全量區皆高於對照區，可知乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物可成為泥炭蘚的替代資材。 [實施例4]After 2 weeks, the average growth height and maximum leaf length of bitter gourd seedlings were higher in half and full areas than in the control area. It can be seen that the lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder compost can be an alternative material for sphagnum moss. [Example 4]

[白菜的育苗測試] 在本實施例4之中，將泥炭蘚、鹿沼土、沸石以體積比65：30：5的比例混合，將添加了育苗所必要的肥料與用來調整pH的石灰資材的市售園藝用育苗培土(市售培土)與乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物、泥炭蘚、鹿沼土、沸石以體積比52：13：30：5的比例混合，製備兩種添加了育苗所必要的肥料的本發明的培土(以下稱為本案培土)。在本案培土中添加泥炭蘚，是因為將培土的pH設定為與市售培土同等。將這兩種培土填充至128穴的育苗盤，並播種白菜種子。將20天後的育苗測試結果揭示於表2。此外，各測定值是10株平均之值。 [表2] 培土的種類 生長高度 葉長 葉寬 葉色 生體重(g/株) 根長 mm Spad值 地上部 地下部 T/R mm 本案培土 85.3 43.7 25.1 23.7 0.98 0.13 7.7 72.0 市售培土 77.0 44.0 24.4 23.6 0.76 0.10 8.2 59.4 [Cabbage seedling raising test] In this example 4, peat moss, deer marsh soil, and zeolite were mixed in a ratio of 65:30:5 by volume, and the fertilizer necessary for seedling raising and the lime material used to adjust the pH were added. The commercially available horticultural seedling cultivation soil (commercial cultivation soil) is mixed with lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder compost, sphagnum moss, deer marsh soil, and zeolite in a volume ratio of 52:13:30:5 to prepare two kinds of supplements necessary for seedling cultivation. The cultivating soil of the present invention for fertilizer (hereinafter referred to as the cultivating soil of the present invention). Sphagnum moss was added to the cultivation soil in this case because the pH of the cultivation soil was set to be the same as that of the commercially available cultivation soil. Fill the seedling tray with 128 holes with these two kinds of soil, and sow the cabbage seeds. The results of the seedling raising test after 20 days are shown in Table 2. In addition, each measured value is an average value of 10 plants. [Table 2] Types of cultivating soil Growth height Ye Chang Ye Kuan Leaf color Birth weight (g/plant) Root length mm Spad value Above ground Underground T/R mm Cultivate the soil in this case 85.3 43.7 25.1 23.7 0.98 0.13 7.7 72.0 Commercially available soil 77.0 44.0 24.4 23.6 0.76 0.10 8.2 59.4

由同表可知，生長高度以本案培土稍優，葉長、葉寬、葉色為同等，然而地上部及根部重本案培土為較優。尤其，本案培土的根部發育良好，根部重、根長皆以本案培土區較優，地上部重與根部重的比例(T/R)也小，根部發育良好。在圖2中以照片來表示藉由市售培土與本案培土來培育白菜根部的結果。It can be seen from the same table that the growth height is slightly better in this case, and the leaf length, leaf width, and leaf color are the same, but the ground and roots are better in this case. In particular, the roots grown in the soil in this case are well developed, and the root weight and root length are better in the soil in this case. The ratio of ground weight to root weight (T/R) is also small, and the roots are well developed. Figure 2 shows the results of growing cabbage roots by using commercially available soil and the soil in this case.

由以上的說明明顯可知，根據藉由由本發明方法所得到的農園藝用育苗培土，利用其中所含有的乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物作為泥炭蘚的替代資材，可得到謀求農園藝植物發根性的提升，同時有效利用竹子，可降低環境負荷的效果。From the above description, it is obvious that according to the agricultural and horticultural seedling cultivation soil obtained by the method of the present invention, the use of the lactic acid-fermented bamboo powder compost contained therein as an alternative material for sphagnum moss can improve the rooting properties of agricultural and horticultural plants. At the same time, the effective use of bamboo can reduce the effect of environmental load.

本發明不限於適用在以上說明的實施形態，在專利申請專利範圍及說明書與圖式所記載的技術思想範圍內理所當然地可作各種改變。The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and it is of course possible to make various changes within the scope of the patent application and the technical ideas described in the specification and drawings.

P1:微粉化步驟 P2:乳酸發酵步驟 P3:摻合步驟 P4:堆肥化步驟 P5:混合化步驟P1: Micronization step P2: Lactic acid fermentation step P3: Blending step P4: Composting steps P5: Hybridization step

圖1為依照步驟順序來表示本發明所關連的農園藝用育苗培土、用土之製造方法的方塊圖。 圖2為比較藉由市售培土與本發明所關連的農園藝用育苗培土、用土所培育的白菜根部的照片圖。Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the method of producing soil for growing seedlings and soil for agriculture and horticulture related to the present invention in a sequence of steps. Fig. 2 is a photograph comparing the roots of cabbage cultivated by the commercially available soil and the agricultural and horticultural seedling cultivation soil related to the present invention.

(無)(no)

Claims (3)

一種農園藝用育苗培土、用土，其特徵為：含有使竹粉乳酸發酵後的乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化而成的乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物。A soil for growing seedlings and soil for agriculture and horticulture is characterized in that it contains a lactic acid fermented bamboo powder compost formed by composting lactic acid fermented bamboo powder after lactic acid fermentation of bamboo powder. 一種農園藝用育苗培土、用土之製造方法，其特徵為具備：使生竹微粉化而製成竹粉之微粉化步驟；使藉由該微粉化步驟微粉化的竹粉乳酸發酵之乳酸發酵步驟；在藉由該乳酸發酵步驟所得到的乳酸發酵竹粉中摻合竹炭粉之摻合步驟；使藉由該摻合步驟摻合的前述乳酸發酵竹粉與前述竹炭粉堆肥化之堆肥化步驟；及在乳酸發酵竹粉堆肥化物中混合泥炭蘚、沸石、鹿沼土、蛭石及珍珠岩等的土壤改良資材的至少一種肥料之混合化步驟。A method for producing soil for growing seedlings and soil for agriculture and horticulture, which is characterized by having: a step of micronizing raw bamboo to make bamboo powder; and a step of lactic acid fermentation for fermenting the bamboo powder micronized by the step of micronizing. A step of blending bamboo charcoal powder into the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder obtained by the lactic acid fermentation step; a composting step of composting the aforementioned lactic acid fermented bamboo powder and the aforementioned bamboo charcoal powder blended by the blending step ; And the mixing step of mixing at least one fertilizer in which soil improvement materials such as peat moss, zeolite, deer marsh soil, vermiculite and perlite are mixed in the lactic acid fermented bamboo powder compost. 如請求項2之農園藝用育苗培土、用土之製造方法，其中在前述摻合步驟之中，進一步摻合竹葉粉。Such as the method for producing soil for raising seedlings and soil for agriculture and horticulture according to claim 2, wherein in the aforementioned blending step, bamboo leaf powder is further blended.

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