CN107459421A - A kind of Agricus blazei plantation simultaneously plants bacteria residue while the method for producing organic fertilizer using it - Google Patents
A kind of Agricus blazei plantation simultaneously plants bacteria residue while the method for producing organic fertilizer using it Download PDFInfo
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- CN107459421A CN107459421A CN201710645158.8A CN201710645158A CN107459421A CN 107459421 A CN107459421 A CN 107459421A CN 201710645158 A CN201710645158 A CN 201710645158A CN 107459421 A CN107459421 A CN 107459421A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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Abstract
The invention belongs to organic fertilizer technical field, and in particular to a kind of Agricus blazei plantation and the method for producing organic fertilizer simultaneously using its bacteria residue.The present invention technological process be：Agricultural crop straw collects, concentrates and crushes, mixes plus water is prewetted plus cow dung builds heap, surveys water turning for 3 times and add calcium superphosphate to add mineral matter to add quick lime, enter bed surface on canopy, secondary fermentation, bed surface and arrange, survey water water spray, sowing, earthing arrangement, secondary soil-covering, water spray, fruiting, spread earthworm kind, vermiculture, earthworm and screen out, obtain organic fertilizer.The method of suitable north Agricus blazei provided by the invention, soil is mended by secondary, Agricus blazei can be made to be adapted to north, and increase yield, the head of mushroom is uniform, and mushroom is of good quality.Gained organic fertilizer of the invention can not only diseases prevention it is antibacterial, moreover it is possible to promote plant strain growth.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to organic fertilizer technical field, and in particular to a kind of Agricus blazei plantation simultaneously has using its bacteria residue while production
The method of machine fertilizer.
Background technology
Current Agricus blazei plantation is based on Yunnan, Fujian, and when northern environment is planted and resource is not suitable for varieties of plant, a Ji
The planting conditions of matsutake are Yunnan, Fujian weather mid-July, and raw material is based on straw.Yunnan, Fujian plantation Agricus blazei field with
Straw cow dung is subject to rotten heat, but bill of material one, backward in technique, causes yield relatively low, and unstable mushroom matter is poor, because straw
Woody cotton, low containing sugared part, water absorbing and retaining properties are poor, and rotten thermal process is longer, therefore it is relatively low unstable to cause Agricus blazei yield, mushroom matter
Soft, head is small, and fruiting is uneven, therefore with Yunnan, Fujian present mode, it is difficult to promoted in the north.
Gradually expand as mushroom industry is production-scale, substantial amounts of bacteria residue goes out of use, do not made full use of, not only makes
Into the wasting of resources, and very big pollution is also resulted in environment.Bacteria residue after Agricus blazei harvest can be stayed directly in the medium, wherein
The content of protein and amino acid is very high, if be not used, it will cause the very big wasting of resources.
The content of the invention
Pass through long-time experimental cultivation in the north, utilize northern multiple kinds of crops stalk (Cotton Stalk, cornstalk, wheat straw, jade
Rice core etc.) crush rotten hot fermentation and plant Agricus blazei in 4-5 months, these stalks are woody cotton good, and sugar content is high, and carbon-nitrogen ratio is relatively fitted
Close, and Agricus blazei is exactly to need these nutritional ingredients, single straw, or a kind of other stalks to can not meet the battalion needed for it
Support, and the nutritional ingredient such as cotton stalk, wheat straw, corncob is sufficient, can meet Agricus blazei in the needs of planting in northern 4-5 months.
Bacteria residue after Agricus blazei harvest can be stayed directly in the medium, and the content of wherein protein and amino acid is very high, non-
The often cultivation of suitable earthworm, after the completion of vermiculture, the excrement of earthworm has been left in culture medium, because the excrement of earthworm compares
Loosely, in bulk particle, dispersiveness is strong, has extraordinary effect for improving soil, is to improve the best fertilizer of soil, such as
This obtained organic fertilizer includes the bacteria residue of Agricus blazei, and earthworm manure contains the organic matters such as 7,8 kind of amino acid, carbon phosphorus potassium, is again
Improve the best organic fertilizer of soil.
The present invention technological process be：
Agricultural crop straw collection → concentration crushes → mix → adding water to prewet → add cow dung build heap → 3 time survey water turning added
Calcium phosphate adds mineral matter to add quick lime → enter bed surface → secondary fermentation → bed surface arranges → on canopy to survey water water spray → sowing → earthing
Arrangement → secondary soil-covering → water spray → fruiting → spreads earthworm kind → vermiculture → earthworm screens out → and obtains organic fertilizer.
To realize such scheme, concrete scheme that the present invention uses for：
The present invention specific implementation process be：
A kind of Agricus blazei plantation simultaneously plants bacteria residue while the method for producing organic fertilizer using it, and it comprises the following steps：
(1) crushing of agricultural crop straw centralized collection is become without corruption by fresh, cotton stalk, milled powders of cornstalk are broken to 5-10cm length, beautiful
Meter Xin, wheat straw flatten, and then mix any three kinds of stalks for crushing flattening；Preferable three kinds of stalks are according to 1:1:1 quality
Ratio is mixed.
(2) stalk mixed is prewetted, moisture is controlled in 70-90%.Cow dung is added after prewetting and builds heap,
Wherein the 2 meters high 1.8-2 rice of heap-type bottom width, heap-type centipede space carry out auxiliary heat of fermenting.
(3) fermentation is from heap is built to first time turning interval 6-8 days, and material temperature is at 55-65 degrees Celsius.Peroxophosphoric acid is added during turning
Calcium, in order to accelerate auxiliary heat during calcium superphosphate, shorten process, increase calcium content, for the first time to second of turning at intervals of 5-7 days,
Material temperature adds gypsum at 55-65 degrees Celsius, turning, and gypsum increases the content of mineral substances of culture medium.Turned over for the second time to third time
For heap at intervals of 3-5 days, material temperature added calcium lime powder at 55-65 degrees Celsius, turning, pulverized limestone regulation acid-base balance, increases calcium
Content.
(4) enter canopy restocking after turning three times is completed, canopy body is closed and carries out secondary fermentation.Secondary fermentation is steamed with high temperature
Vapour ferments, and temperature rises to 55-60 degrees Celsius, adds formalin afterwards, every 100 square meter, 0.2 jin of calculating, is kept for 18-24 hours,
Then deflate and take a breath, take a breath and taken a breath to be asymmetric above and below left and right, it is 1-4 hours to put time of exchanging gas, will be taken a breath after putting ventilation
Mouth is closed, and temperature is maintained at 50-55 degrees Celsius, after being kept for 18-20 hours, after 45-50 degrees Celsius is kept for 16-24 hours,
Material temperature smooth bed surface after being down to 26-28 degrees Celsius naturally, the ventilation mouth survey culture medium moisture of opening 2/3, humidity 40-60%, so
After sow.
(5) after having sowed bacterium bed face gently spray water, will ventilation mouth close, 2-3 days strains sprout to strain to cultivate
Bed surface carries out earthing after the 2/3 of base, and earthing is granular pattern 1-2.5cm clay, and thickness is that 3-3.5cm earthing wants smooth equal
It is even, it is impossible to have uneven, after earthing, after mycelia climbs native 70-90%, carry out second and mend soil, secondary benefit soil is thin
Soft granular soil 0.2-0.5cm, bed surface is uniformly sprinkling upon, thickness 0.5-1cm, ventilation mouth is opened after finishing and sprays knot mushroom water
(pH6.5-7.5 underground water), per 1.5-3 water of square meter, spray and ventilation mouth is closed after finishing.5-7 days Bao Hu New-York knots, three days
Finished product mushroom grows up to afterwards, is plucked.Whole flow process (culture medium starts to fruiting) 65 days or so.
(6) after the harvesting of finished product mushroom terminates, earthworm kind is spread in bed surface, cultivating condition is 15-25 DEG C of temperature, humidity 70-90%,
Medium pH is 5-9, and cultivation screens out earthworm after 40-50 days, will produce organic fertilizer after bacteria residue drying and crushing.
Preferably, stacking rotten heat, interval time is 7 days, 5 days 6 days three times.
Preferably, calcium superphosphate, gypsum, the dosage of pulverized limestone are every 1-1.5 kilograms of hundred square meter in step (3).
Preferably, the mass ratio of cow dung and stalk is 45 in step (2)：55.
Preferably, the amount of sowing seeds of earthworm is 5000-8000 bars/cubic meter in step (6)；Earthworm kind is that compatriot loves victory
Earthworm.
The application method of organic fertilizer is obtained by of the invention：
(1) gained organic fertilizer directly makees base fertilizer use, not burn seedlings.
(2) fruit, flower or sick plant are done：Gained leaching organic fertilizer is ducked in drink and keeps mixing being made in more than 24 hours
Thing, impose on the surface of plant, fruit or flower.
(3) during top dressing, plant root is directly applied to, is poured permeable.
The advantages of the present invention：
(1) method of suitable north Agricus blazei provided by the invention, soil is mended by secondary, Agricus blazei can be adapted to
North, and increase yield, the head of mushroom is uniform, and mushroom is of good quality.
(2) present invention gained wormcast organic fertilizer is rich in organic matter, strengthens soil fertility, reduces fertilizer amount, basic to solve soil
The hardened problem of earth, promote soil granular structure, improve soil permeability, water-retaining property, keeping fertility, breeding and increasing beneficial to microorganism
Adding, make soil absorption nutrient and store the ability enhancing of nutrient, solution chemical fertilizer application is often from source, amount is big, is easy to run off,
The problems such as utilization rate is low.
(3) microorganism species are rich in, improve crop disease-resistant diseases prevention ability, protect eco-land planning, wormcast organic fertilizer
In after a large amount of beneficial microbes are manured into soil, the rapid breeding for suppressing evil bacterium, beneficial bacterium is able to breeding and expanded, and reduces soil-borne disease
Generation, be not easy crops sick, while increase the fixed nitrogen of plant root, potassium decomposing, the ability of phosphorus decomposing.The generation of a large amount of microorganisms
The physicochemical property of soil can be improved by thanking, make soil constituent variation and be easy to absorb, and produce soil fertility formed and development
Biological energy source, the power of soil energy conversion between organic matter and inorganic matter is improved, protect eco-land planning.
(4) wormcast organic fertilizer content of humic acid is between 21% -40%, and containing a variety of digestive ferments and neutralizes soil
The thalline material of earth acid-base value, the activity of soil neutral phosphoric acid, protease, urase and invertase can be improved, so as to improve soil
Feeder capability, improve soil texture and balancing alkalinity acidity, be finally embodied in growing, in yield and quality for crop.
(5) under the collective effect of the peculiar and abundant nutritional ingredient of wormcast and peculiar physicochemical property, using earthworm
After excrement, crop substantially shows the especially aobvious prosperity of root system that drought-resistant ability improved and reduced fertilizer amount, particularly crop, so that
Crop is anti-fall and disease-resistant etc. to have outstanding performance in strong sprout.
(6) because nutriment contained by wormcast enriches, and significant Soil Microorganism quantity can be improved, improves soil
Structure.Experiment for many years shows, can make the continuous cropping not underproduction, high year by year for potato vegetables orchard crops even yield.
(7) wormcast organic fertilizer can be suitably used for organic tea plantation, organic fruits, vegetable cultivation, can both make base manure, can also
Make top dressing.Can also be used for advanced Flower nutrient soil, lawn is cultivated, is alternatively arranged as the matrix of soilless culture, odorless, tasteless, totally defend
It is raw, it will not occur to burn root, burn seedlings phenomenon.Have a wide range of application, easy to use, cleaning.
Embodiment
In order to be better understood from and implement the present invention, the present invention is carried out specifically below by embodiment
It is bright.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Agricus blazei plantation simultaneously plants bacteria residue while the method for producing organic fertilizer using it, and it comprises the following steps：
(1) crushing of agricultural crop straw centralized collection is become without corruption by fresh, cotton stalk, milled powders of cornstalk are broken to 5-10cm length, wheat
Straw flatten, and then will crush the three kinds of stalks flattened according to 1:1:1 ratio is mixed；
(2) stalk mixed is prewetted, moisture is controlled 70%.Cow dung is added after prewetting and builds heap, its
The mass ratio of middle cow dung and stalk is 45：The 55 high 1.8-2 rice of 2 meters of heap-type bottom width, heap-type centipede space carry out auxiliary heat of fermenting.
(3) fermentation is from heap is built to first time turning interval 6 days, and material temperature is at 55-65 degrees Celsius.Peroxophosphoric acid is added during turning
Calcium, addition are every hundred square metres 1 kilogram, in order to accelerate auxiliary heat during calcium superphosphate, shorten process, increase calcium content, for the first time
To second of turning at intervals of 7 days, material temperature adds gypsum at 55-65 degrees Celsius, turning, and addition is every hundred square metre 1.5
Kilogram, gypsum increases the content of mineral substances of culture medium.For the second time to third time turning at intervals of 3 days, material temperature is Celsius in 55-65
Degree, calcium lime powder is added during turning, addition is every hundred square metres 1 kilogram, pulverized limestone regulation acid-base balance, increases calcium content.
(4) enter canopy restocking after turning three times is completed, canopy body is closed and carries out secondary fermentation.Secondary fermentation is steamed with high temperature
Vapour ferments, and temperature rises to 55-60 degrees Celsius, adds formalin afterwards, and every 0.2 jin of 100 square meter calculates, holding 18 hours, so
Deflate and take a breath afterwards, take a breath and taken a breath for asymmetry above and below left and right, put time of exchanging gas as 4 hours, will take a breath mouth pass after putting ventilation
Close, temperature is maintained at 50-55 degrees Celsius, and after being kept for 18 hours, after 45-50 degrees Celsius is kept for 24 hours, material temperature drops naturally
Smooth bed surface after to 26-28 degrees Celsius, open 2/3 ventilation mouth and survey culture medium moisture, humidity 40%, then sow.
(5) after having sowed bacterium bed face gently spray water, will ventilation mouth close, 2-3 days strains sprout to strain to cultivate
Bed surface carries out earthing after the 2/3 of base, and earthing is granular pattern 1-2.5cm clay, and thickness is that 3cm earthing wants even uniform, no
Can have uneven, after earthing, after mycelia climbs soil 90%, carry out second and mend soil, secondary benefit soil is soft granular soil
0.2-0.5cm, bed surface is uniformly sprinkling upon, thickness 0.5cm, ventilation mouth is opened after finishing and sprays knot mushroom water (pH6.5-7.5 ground
Lower water), per 3 water of square meter, spray and ventilation mouth is closed after finishing.5-7 days Bao Hu New-York knots, finished product mushroom grows up to after three days, carries out
Harvesting.Whole flow process (culture medium starts to fruiting) 65 days or so.
(6) after the harvesting of finished product mushroom terminates, earthworm kind is spread in bed surface, the amount of sowing seeds of earthworm is 5000/cubic metre；Earthworm product
Kind is Eisenia Foetida.Cultivating condition is 15-25 DEG C of temperature, humidity 70-90%, medium pH 5-9, and cultivation screens out after 40 days
Earthworm, organic fertilizer will be produced after bacteria residue drying and crushing.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Agricus blazei plantation simultaneously plants bacteria residue while the method for producing organic fertilizer using it, and it comprises the following steps：
(1) crushing of agricultural crop straw centralized collection is become without corruption by fresh, cotton stalk, milled powders of cornstalk are broken to 5-10cm length, beautiful
Rice core flattens, and then will crush the three kinds of stalks flattened according to 1:1:1 ratio is mixed；
(2) stalk mixed is prewetted, moisture is controlled 90%.Cow dung is added after prewetting and builds heap, its
The mass ratio of middle cow dung and stalk is 45：The 55 high 1.8-2 rice of 2 meters of heap-type bottom width, heap-type centipede space carry out auxiliary heat of fermenting.
(3) fermentation is from heap is built to first time turning interval 8 days, and material temperature is at 55-65 degrees Celsius.Peroxophosphoric acid is added during turning
Calcium, addition are every hundred square metres 1.5 kilograms, in order to accelerate auxiliary heat during calcium superphosphate, shorten process, increase calcium content, first
Secondary to arrive second of turning at intervals of 5 days, material temperature adds gypsum at 55-65 degrees Celsius, turning, and addition is every hundred square metre 1
Kilogram, gypsum increases the content of mineral substances of culture medium.For the second time to third time turning at intervals of 5 days, material temperature is Celsius in 55-65
Degree, calcium lime powder is added during turning, addition is every hundred square metres 1.5 kilograms, and pulverized limestone regulation acid-base balance, increase calcium contains
Amount.
(4) enter canopy restocking after turning three times is completed, canopy body is closed and carries out secondary fermentation.Secondary fermentation is steamed with high temperature
Vapour ferments, and temperature rises to 55-60 degrees Celsius, adds formalin afterwards, and every 0.2 jin of 100 square meter calculates, holding 24 hours, so
Deflate and take a breath afterwards, take a breath and taken a breath for asymmetry above and below left and right, put time of exchanging gas as 1 hour, will take a breath mouth pass after putting ventilation
Close, temperature is maintained at 50-55 degrees Celsius, and after being kept for 20 hours, after 45-50 degrees Celsius is kept for 16 hours, material temperature drops naturally
Smooth bed surface after to 26-28 degrees Celsius, open 2/3 ventilation mouth and survey culture medium moisture, humidity 40-60%, then sow.
(5) after having sowed bacterium bed face gently spray water, will ventilation mouth close, 2-3 days strains sprout to strain to cultivate
Bed surface carries out earthing after the 2/3 of base, and earthing is granular pattern 1-2.5cm clay, and thickness is that 3.5cm earthing wants even uniform,
Can not have uneven, after earthing, after mycelia climbs native 70-90%, carry out second and mend soil, secondary soil of mending is soft
The native 0.2-0.5cm of grain, bed surface is uniformly sprinkling upon, thickness 0.5cm, ventilation mouth is opened after finishing and sprays knot mushroom water (pH6.5-7.5
Underground water), per square meter 3 water, spray and mouth of taking a breath closed finishing after.5-7 days Bao Hu New-York knots, finished product mushroom grows up to after three days,
Plucked.Whole flow process (culture medium starts to fruiting) 65 days or so.
(6) after the harvesting of finished product mushroom terminates, earthworm kind is spread in bed surface, the amount of sowing seeds of earthworm is 8000/cubic metre；Earthworm product
Kind is Eisenia Foetida.Cultivating condition is 15-25 DEG C of temperature, humidity 70-90%, medium pH 5-9, and cultivation screens out after 50 days
Earthworm, organic fertilizer will be produced after bacteria residue drying and crushing.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Agricus blazei plantation simultaneously plants bacteria residue while the method for producing organic fertilizer using it, and it comprises the following steps：
(1) crushing of agricultural crop straw centralized collection is become without corruption by fresh, cotton stalk, milled powders of cornstalk are broken to 5-10cm length, wheat
Straw flatten, and then will crush the three kinds of stalks flattened according to 1:1:1 ratio is mixed；
(2) stalk mixed is prewetted, moisture is controlled in 70-90%.Cow dung is added after prewetting and builds heap,
Wherein the mass ratio of cow dung and stalk is 45：The 55 high 1.8-2 rice of 2 meters of heap-type bottom width, heap-type centipede space carry out auxiliary heat of fermenting.
(3) fermentation is from heap is built to first time turning interval 7 days, and material temperature is at 55-65 degrees Celsius.Peroxophosphoric acid is added during turning
Calcium, addition are every hundred square metres 1.2 kilograms, in order to accelerate auxiliary heat during calcium superphosphate, shorten process, increase calcium content, first
Secondary to arrive second of turning at intervals of 6 days, material temperature adds gypsum at 55-65 degrees Celsius, turning, and addition is every hundred square metres
1.2 kilograms, gypsum increases the content of mineral substances of culture medium.For the second time to third time turning at intervals of 5 days, material temperature is taken the photograph in 55-65
Family name's degree, calcium lime powder is added during turning, addition is every hundred square metres 1.2 kilograms, and pulverized limestone regulation acid-base balance, increase calcium contains
Amount.
(4) enter canopy restocking after turning three times is completed, canopy body is closed and carries out secondary fermentation.Secondary fermentation is steamed with high temperature
Vapour ferments, and temperature rises to 55-60 degrees Celsius, adds formalin afterwards, and every 0.2 jin of 100 square meter calculates, holding 20 hours, so
Deflate and take a breath afterwards, take a breath and taken a breath for asymmetry above and below left and right, put time of exchanging gas as 3 hours, will take a breath mouth pass after putting ventilation
Close, temperature is maintained at 50-55 degrees Celsius, and after being kept for 19 hours, after 45-50 degrees Celsius is kept for 20 hours, material temperature drops naturally
Smooth bed surface after to 26-28 degrees Celsius, open 2/3 ventilation mouth and survey culture medium moisture, humidity 40-60%, then sow.
(5) after having sowed bacterium bed face gently spray water, will ventilation mouth close, 2-3 days strains sprout to strain to cultivate
Bed surface carries out earthing after the 2/3 of base, and earthing is granular pattern 1-2.5cm clay, and thickness is that 3.3cm earthing wants even uniform,
Can not have uneven, after earthing, after mycelia climbs native 70-90%, carry out second and mend soil, secondary soil of mending is soft
The native 0.2-0.5cm of grain, bed surface is uniformly sprinkling upon, thickness 0.8cm, ventilation mouth is opened after finishing and sprays knot mushroom water (pH6.5-7.5
Underground water), per square meter 2 water, spray and mouth of taking a breath closed finishing after.5-7 days Bao Hu New-York knots, finished product mushroom grows up to after three days,
Plucked.Whole flow process (culture medium starts to fruiting) 65 days or so.
(6) after the harvesting of finished product mushroom terminates, earthworm kind is spread in bed surface, the amount of sowing seeds of earthworm is 7000/cubic metre；Earthworm product
Kind is Eisenia Foetida.Cultivating condition is 15-25 DEG C of temperature, humidity 70-90%, medium pH 5-9, and cultivation screens out after 45 days
Earthworm, organic fertilizer will be produced after bacteria residue drying and crushing.
It is the detection data of organic fertilizer obtained by the present invention below.The bacteria residue (step (5)) for planting to obtain with Agricus blazei is pair
Ratio is compared.
Embodiment 4
Gained organic fertilizer and comparative example product of the invention are antibacterial and prevention effect is tested.
(1) material
Potting soil：Non- sick soil is derived from Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Economic Crops Institute, moist heat sterilization 2 hours two after sieving
Secondary (every two days), it is standby.Cucumber fusarium axysporum soil is derived from Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Economic Crops Institute's cucumber fusarium axysporum hair
The more serious greenhouse of disease, it is standby to cross 1mm sieves.
Pathogen：Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn (Rhizoctonia solani), sickle-like bacteria (Fusarium oxysporum) is by river
North saves industrial crops research institute of agricultural and forest science institute and provided.
(2) pathogen inoculation, expansion culture
Expand culture pathogen with wheat sand culture medium, medium component is：1 part of wheat, 1 part of sand.Wheat boils about 20
Minute.Maceration but not ftractureing, the sand for adding equivalent mixes, and adds suitable quantity of water, autoclave moist heat sterilization 0.5 hour after packing, every
Sterilize again within one day 0.5 hour.Sickle-like bacteria and Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn are inoculated on wheat sand culture medium.28 DEG C of culture 5- in insulating box
7 days, mycelia was taken out after covering with and air-dried, and is ground, and it is standby to cross 1mm sieves.
(3) culture dish measure organic fertilizer bacteriostasis
Sickle-like bacteria is inoculated into PDA culture medium from test tube, cultivated at 28 DEG C, mycelia covers with culture dish after 7 days, scraping
Spore suspension is made in inorganic physiological saline in mycelium, and drawing 0.1mL, coating is uniform to ready PDA plate.Take new
Fresh organic fertilizer 0.2g is put in flat board middle position, to be not added with organic fertilizer and add Agricus blazei plantation bacteria residue as control, in triplicate.28
Cultivated at DEG C, mycelial growth situation on Continuous Observation flat board, whether there is inhibition zone and inhibition zone size.
Sickle-like bacteria spore suspension is coated with PDA culture medium flat board, flat board center handles to place respectively to be had obtained by embodiment 1-3
Machine fertilizer, Agricus blazei plantation bacteria residue, organic fertilizer is not added with as control, after culture in 15-20 days, compare and be placed with Agricus blazei kind
Plant pathogen in the culture dish of bacteria residue and cover with whole culture dish.And added with the culture dish of organic fertilizer obtained by 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention
In, clearly inhibition zone is appeared in around organic fertilizer.
(4) preventive and therapeutic effect of the cucumber potted plant experiment measure organic fertilizer to cucumber rhizoctonia rot
The organic fertilizer obtained by 20v% 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention is mixed into sterilized soil, each experiment process is respectively：①
The organic fertilizer of 20v% embodiments 1, the 2. organic fertilizer of 20v% embodiments 2, the 3. organic fertilizer of 20v% embodiments 3,4. blank control are sterile
Soil, the sterile soil of pathogen is 5. not added with as normal healthy controls, pathogen is 6. not added with but adds the health of 20v% embodiment organic fertilizers
Control, 7. add 20v% Agricus blazeis plantation bacteria residue for comparative example.Each processing adds wheat sand culture according to 0.7wt% ratio
Support the Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn mixing of base culture.Appropriate running water adjusts the temperature to 50-55 DEG C, is put into and (grinds 4 in Tianjin without coating cucumber kind
Number) immersion 1-2min, 30 DEG C of water soak 2 hours, infiltrate and be put in vernalization in 28 DEG C of incubators after binding up with gauze, it was observed that budding
Afterwards, plant in the basin of different disposal, per 10 plants of basin, each processing sets 3 basins, in good time watering.Experiment is carried out at room temperature, 10 days
The incidence of disease, plant height, the fresh weight of each processing are observed afterwards.Concrete outcome is shown in Table 1.
Prevention effect of the table 1 to cucumber rhizoctonia rot
(5) preventive and therapeutic effect of the cucumber pot experiment measure organic fertilizer to cucumber at seedling stage droop
The wheat sand culture medium for being inoculated with sickle-like bacteria is added in sterilized soil according to 2% ratio, is then mixed into embodiment 1-3
Organic fertilizer and the bacteria residue of comparative example make different disposal.Experiment is carried out at room temperature, and the incidence of disease, the strain of each processing are observed after 10 days
High, fresh weight.Concrete outcome is shown in Table 1.
Prevention effect of the table 2 to cucumber at seedling stage droop
| Processing | Plant height, cm | Fresh weight, g | Incidence of disease % |
| Embodiment 1 | 10.6 | 4.8 | 21.9 |
| Embodiment 2 | 10.5 | 4.7 | 25.2 |
| Embodiment 3 | 11.2 | 4.9 | 21.6 |
| Comparative example | 7.1 | 3.2 | 65.1 |
Data above shows that present invention gained organic fertilizer has obvious preventing and treating effect to cucumber at seedling stage damping-off and droop
Fruit, organic fertilizer of the present invention can not only controlling diseases, moreover it is possible to promote plant strain growth, have obvious embodiment from plant height and fresh weight data.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Agricus blazei plantation simultaneously plants bacteria residue while the method for producing organic fertilizer using it, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
(1) becoming agricultural crop straw centralized collection by fresh without corruption and crush, cotton stalk, milled powders of cornstalk are broken to 5-10cm length, corncob,
Wheat straw flattens, and then mixes any more than the three kinds stalks for crushing flattening；
(2) stalk mixed is prewetted, moisture is controlled in 70-90%, and cow dung is added after prewetting and builds heap, heap-type centipede space
Carry out auxiliary heat of fermenting；
(3) from heap is built to first time turning interval 6-8 days, material temperature adds calcium superphosphate at 55-65 degrees Celsius, turning for fermentation,
For the first time to second of turning at intervals of 5-7 days, material temperature adds gypsum at 55-65 degrees Celsius, turning, second to third time
At intervals of 3-5 days, material temperature added calcium lime powder at 55-65 degrees Celsius, turning for turning；
(4) enter canopy restocking after turning three times is completed, canopy body is closed and carries out secondary fermentation, secondary fermentation adopts high-temperature steam hair
Ferment, add formalin temperature and rise to 55-60 DEG C of holding 18-24 hour, ventilation of then deflating, deflation time of exchanging gas is 1-4
Hour, ventilation mouth is closed after putting ventilation, temperature is maintained at 50-55 degrees Celsius, and after being kept for 18-20 hours, 45-50 takes the photograph
After family name's degree is kept for 16-24 hours, material temperature smooth bed surface after being down to 26-28 degrees Celsius naturally, open ventilation mouth and survey culture medium water
Point, humidity 40-60%, then sow；
(5) water is sprayed in bacterium bed face after having sowed, and ventilation mouth is closed, 2-3 days strains sprout 2/3 to strain to culture medium
After, bed surface carries out earthing, and earthing is granular pattern 1-2.5cm clay, thickness 3-3.5cm, after earthing, treats that mycelia climbs
After native 70-90%, carry out second and mend soil, secondary benefit soil is diameter 0.2-0.5cm jewelry, expensive clothing and other valuables granular soils, is uniformly sprinkling upon bed surface, thick
Spend for 0.5-1cm, the underground water that ventilation mouth sprays pH6.5-7.5 is opened after finishing, per 1.5-3 water of square meter, sprays and finishes
Ventilation mouth is closed later, and 5-7 days mycelia knots, finished product mushroom grows up to after three days, is plucked；
(6) after the harvesting of finished product mushroom terminates, earthworm kind is spread in bed surface, cultivating condition is 15-25 DEG C of temperature, humidity 70-90%, is cultivated
Base pH is 5-9, and cultivation screens out earthworm after 40-50 days, will produce organic fertilizer after bacteria residue drying and crushing.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：The use of calcium superphosphate, gypsum and calcium lime powder in step (3)
Amount is every 1-1.5 kilograms of hundred square meter.
3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：The dosage of formalin is per square meter 0.02 in step (4)
Kilogram.
4. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the water that bed surface sprays a water in step (5) is per square meter
1.5-3 kilograms.
5. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the interval time of turning is respectively 7 three times in step (3)
My god, 6 days, 5 days.
6. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (6) amount of sowing seeds of earthworm be 5000-8000 bars/
Cubic meter.
7. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the earthworm kind in step (6) is Eisenia Foetida.
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Application publication date: 20171212 |