TW201938293A - 膜狀燒成材料及附支持片的膜狀燒成材料 - Google Patents

膜狀燒成材料及附支持片的膜狀燒成材料 Download PDF

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TW201938293A
TW201938293A TW108105427A TW108105427A TW201938293A TW 201938293 A TW201938293 A TW 201938293A TW 108105427 A TW108105427 A TW 108105427A TW 108105427 A TW108105427 A TW 108105427A TW 201938293 A TW201938293 A TW 201938293A
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film
metal particles
fired material
fired
meth
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TW108105427A
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TWI818955B (zh
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森剛志
市川功
中山秀一
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日商琳得科股份有限公司
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/48Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
    • H01L23/488Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
    • H01L23/495Lead-frames or other flat leads
    • H01L23/49503Lead-frames or other flat leads characterised by the die pad
    • H01L23/49513Lead-frames or other flat leads characterised by the die pad having bonding material between chip and die pad
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22F1/00Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/05Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
    • B22F1/052Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22F1/054Nanosized particles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22F1/056Submicron particles having a size above 100 nm up to 300 nm
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22F5/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
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    • B22F7/02Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
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    • B22F7/02Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • B22F7/04Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
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    • B22F7/02Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • B22F7/04Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
    • B22F2007/042Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal characterised by the layer forming method
    • B22F2007/047Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal characterised by the layer forming method non-pressurised baking of the paste or slurry containing metal powder
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    • C09J7/30Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
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Abstract

膜狀燒成材料1,其係含有第一金屬粒子10、第二金屬粒子20及黏結劑成分30的膜狀燒成材料1,前述第一金屬粒子10的平均粒徑為100nm以下,且最大粒徑為250nm以下,前述第二金屬粒子20的平均粒徑為1000~7000nm,最小粒徑大於250nm,且最大粒徑為10000nm以下,以第一金屬粒子/第二金屬粒子所表示的質量比為0.1以上。

Description

膜狀燒成材料及附支持片的膜狀燒成材料
本發明係關於膜狀燒成材料及附支持片的膜狀燒成材料。
本案基於2018年2月22日在日本申請的日本特願2018-29653號主張優先權,在此援用其內容。
近年來,伴隨著汽車、空調、個人電腦等的高電壓、高電流化,搭載於此等的電力用半導體元件(電力裝置)的需求提高。電力用半導體元件因所謂在高電壓、高電流下被使用的特徵,故由半導體元件產生的熱容易成為問題。
以往,因由半導體元件所產生之熱的放熱,而亦有在半導體元件的附近安裝散熱裝置之情形。但是,若在散熱裝置與半導體元件之間的接合部的導熱性不佳,便會妨礙有效率的放熱。
作為導熱性優異的接合材料,例如,在專利文獻1中揭露混合有特定的加熱燒成性金屬粒子、特定的高分子分散劑、及特定的揮發性分散媒之糊狀金屬微粒組成物。若使該組成物燒成,則成為導熱性優異的固體形狀金屬。
並且,在專利文獻2揭露包含60~98質量%的金屬微粒、拉伸彈性模數為10~3000MPa、藉由在大氣氣體環境化升溫至400℃後的能量分散型X射線分析所得之碳濃度為15質量%以下的加熱接合用片。
[先前技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本特開2014-111800號公報
[專利文獻2]日本特開2016-121329號公報
[發明所欲解決的課題]
然而,在如專利文獻1般燒成材料為糊狀之情形,難以將所塗布之糊的厚度均勻化,而有缺乏厚度穩定性的傾向。並且,專利文獻1所記載之糊狀金屬微粒組成物雖導熱性優異,但被要求更進一步的導熱性提升。
專利文獻2所記載之加熱接合用片,雖厚度穩定性優異,但並非一定充分滿足導熱性。
本發明係有鑑於上述情況而完成者,目的在於提供厚度穩定性及導熱性優異、燒成後發揮優異剪切接著力的膜狀燒成材料。並且,目的在於提供具備該膜狀燒成材料之附支持片的膜狀燒成材料。
[用於解決課題的手段]
為了解決上述課題,本發明人等進行專心致志地探討的結果,發現藉由併用燒成性金屬粒子與非燒成性金屬粒子,在將燒成材料進行燒成時,非燒成性金屬粒子會殘留,其結果,導熱性提升。但是,為了使導熱性提升,已知若僅增加非燒成性金屬粒子的摻合量,則燒成後的剪切接著力會降低。本發明人等發現,藉由規定燒成性金屬粒子與非燒成性金屬粒子的質量比,導熱性與剪切接著力的平衡優異,進而完成本發明。
本發明具有以下的態樣。
[1] 一種膜狀燒成材料,其係包含第一金屬粒子、第二金屬粒子及黏結劑成分的膜狀燒成材料,
前述第一金屬粒子的平均粒徑為100nm以下,且最大粒徑為250nm以下,
前述第二金屬粒子的平均粒徑為1000~7000nm,最小粒徑大於250nm,且最大粒徑為10000nm以下,
以第一金屬粒子/第二金屬粒子所表示的質量比為0.1以上。
[2] 一種附支持片的膜狀燒成材料,其具備如[1]所記載之膜狀燒成材料、及設置在前述膜狀燒成材料的至少一側之支持片。
[3] 如[2]所記載之附支持片的膜狀燒成材料,前述支持片係在基材薄膜上設置有黏著劑層者,在前述黏著劑層上,設置有前述膜狀燒成材料。
[發明效果]
根據本發明,可提供厚度穩定性及導熱性優異,燒成後發揮優異剪切接著力的膜狀燒成材料。並且,可提供具備該膜狀燒成材料,能使用於半導體元件等晶片的燒成接合之附支持片的膜狀燒成材料。
[用於實施發明的形態]
以下,針對本發明的一實施形態,參照適當圖式進行說明。
此外,以下說明所使用的圖,為了容易理解本發明的特徵,就方便而言,有將成為重要部分的部分擴大表示之情形,各構成要素的尺寸比例等不一定與實際相同。
≪膜狀燒成材料≫
本實施形態的膜狀燒成材料係包含第一金屬粒子、第二金屬粒子及黏結劑成分的膜狀燒成材料,第一金屬粒子的平均粒徑為100nm以下,且最大粒徑為250nm以下,第二金屬粒子的平均粒徑為1000~7000nm,最小粒徑大於250nm,且最大粒徑為10000nm以下,以第一金屬粒子/第二金屬粒子所表示的質量比為0.1以上。
本發明中,所謂膜狀燒成材料,除非特別指明,否則是指燒成前者。
圖1係概略地揭示本實施形態的膜狀燒成材料的剖面圖。膜狀燒成材料1包含第一金屬粒子10、第二金屬粒子20及黏結劑成分30。
膜狀燒成材料可為由1層(單層)構成者,亦可為由2層以上的複數層,例如2層以上且10層以下的層構成者。在膜狀燒成材料由複數層構成之情形,此等複數層可互相相同亦可不同,此等複數層的組合,只要不損及本發明的效果,便未被特別限定。
此外,在本說明書中,不限於膜狀燒成材料之情形,所謂「複數層可互相相同亦可不同」,意指「可全部的層相同,亦可全部的層不同,亦可僅一部分的層相同」,再者,所謂「複數層互相不同」,意指「各層的構成材料、構成材料的摻合比、及厚度的至少一者互相不同」。
膜狀燒成材料的燒成前的厚度雖未被特別限制,但較佳為10~200μm, 較佳為20~150μm,更佳為30~90μm。
於此,所謂「膜狀燒成材料的厚度」,意指膜狀燒成材料整體的厚度,例如,所謂由複數層構成之膜狀燒成材料的厚度,意指構成膜狀燒成材料之全部層的合計厚度。
本說明書中,所謂「厚度」,可作為在任意5處測定厚度之平均所表示的值,遵照JIS K7130,使用定壓厚度測定計而取得。
(剝離薄膜)
膜狀燒成材料能夠以積層在剝離薄膜上的狀態提供。在使用之際,只要剝去剝離薄膜,配置在使膜狀燒成材料進行燒成接合的對象物上即可。剝離薄膜亦具有作為用於防止膜狀燒成材料的損傷、髒污附著的保護薄膜之功能。剝離薄膜只要被設置在膜狀燒成材料的至少一側即可,亦可設置在膜狀燒成材料的兩側。在被設置在兩側之情形,其中之一發揮作為支持片的功能。
作為剝離薄膜,能使用例如聚乙烯薄膜、聚丙烯薄膜、聚丁烯薄膜、聚丁二烯薄膜、聚甲基戊烯薄膜、聚氯乙烯薄膜、氯乙烯共聚物薄膜、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯薄膜、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylene naphthalate)薄膜、聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯(polybutylene terephthalate)薄膜、聚胺基甲酸酯薄膜、乙烯乙酸乙烯共聚物薄膜、離子聚合物樹脂薄膜、乙烯-(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物薄膜、乙烯-(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物薄膜、聚苯乙烯薄膜、聚碳酸酯薄膜、聚醯亞胺薄膜、氟樹脂薄膜等透明薄膜。並且,亦能使用此等的交聯薄膜。再者,亦可為此等的積層薄膜。並且,可使用將此等著色的薄膜、不透明薄膜等。作為剝離劑,可列舉例如矽氧系、氟系、烯烴系、醇酸系、含有長鏈烷基的胺甲酸酯等剝離劑。
剝離薄膜的厚度,通常為10~500μm,較佳為15~300μm,特佳為20~250μm左右。
<第一金屬粒子>
第一金屬粒子的平均粒徑為100nm以下。
平均粒徑為100nm以下的金屬粒子會發揮燒成性。亦即,第一金屬粒子係藉由以金屬粒子的熔點以上的溫度進行加熱處理作為膜狀燒成材料的燒成,粒子彼此進行熔融、結合而能形成燒成體的金屬粒子。藉由形成燒成體,而能使膜狀燒成材料及與其連接而燒成之物品進行燒成接合。具體而言,能經由膜狀燒成材料,使晶片與基板進行燒成接合。
本發明中,亦將第一金屬粒子稱為「燒成性金屬粒子」。
膜狀燒成材料所含之第一金屬粒子的平均粒徑,較佳為0.1~100nm,更佳為0.5~80nm,再佳為1~60nm。藉由第一金屬粒子的平均粒徑為上述上限值以下,而熔融性優異,低溫下的加熱燒成成為可能。另一方面,藉由第一金屬粒子的平均粒徑為上述下限值以上,粒子本身的處理變得容易,且同時可抑制摻合至黏結劑成分之際的飛散。並且,在後述燒成材料組成物中的分散狀態變得更良好。
並且,膜狀燒成材料所含之第一金屬粒子的最大粒徑為250nm以下,較佳為200nm以下,更佳為150nm以下。藉由第一金屬粒子的最大粒徑為上述上限值以下,溶解性更優異。
並且,膜狀燒成材料所含之第一金屬粒子的最小粒徑較佳為0.01nm以上,更佳為0.1nm以上,再佳為1nm以上。藉由第一金屬粒子的最小粒徑為上述下限值以上,粒子本身的處理變得容易,且同時可更抑制摻合至黏結劑成分之際的飛散。並且,在燒成材料組成物中的分散狀態變得更良好。
例如,膜狀燒成材料所含之第一金屬粒子的粒徑可為0.01nm以上且250nm以下、0.01nm以上且200nm以下、0.01nm以上且150nm以下、0.1nm以上且250nm以下、0.1nm以上且200nm以下、0.1nm以上且150nm以下、1nm以上且250nm以下、1nm以上且200nm以下、1nm以上且150nm以下。
此外,本說明書中,所謂「金屬粒子的粒徑」,係指由掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)或穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)所觀察之金屬粒子的粒徑的相當於投影面積圓的直徑。具體而言,第一金屬粒子的粒徑係由TEM測定,第二金屬粒子的粒徑係由SEM測定。
並且,所謂「平均粒徑」,只要沒有特別限定,便意指在藉由利用SEM撮影影像或TEM撮影影像之影像解析法所求得之粒度分布曲線中,在累積值50%的粒徑(D50 )。
所謂「最小粒徑」,意指由SEM撮影影像或TEM撮影影像所觀察之最小粒徑,所謂「最大粒徑」意指由SEM撮影影像或TEM撮影影像所觀察之最大粒徑。
作為第一金屬粒子的金屬種,可列舉銀、金、銅、鐵、鎳、鋁、矽、鈀、鉑、鈦、鈦酸鋇、此等的氧化物或合金等,較佳為銀及氧化銀。第一金屬粒子可僅摻合一種類,亦可以二種類以上的組合進行摻合。
作為第一金屬粒子,因即使少量亦可表現優異的導熱性,在成本面上亦有利,故較佳為銀粒子、銅粒子。
在第一金屬粒子的表面,亦可披覆有有機物。藉由具有有機物的披覆,與黏結劑成分的相容性提升,可防止粒子彼此的凝聚,可均勻地分散。尤其,因分散性、燒成後的塗膜填充性(封裝性)優異、難以在膜狀燒成材料產生裂痕、可良好地維持導熱性,故較佳為金屬烷氧化物且在表面修飾有經化學結合的有機鏈之金屬粒子。
第一金屬粒子的表面披覆有有機物之情形,第一金屬粒子的質量設為包含披覆物的值。
第一金屬粒子在與黏結劑成分及後述之其他添加劑成分混合之前,為了呈現無預先凝聚物的狀態,而亦可預先分散於異莰基環己醇、癸醇等沸點高的高沸點溶劑。作為高沸點溶劑的沸點,例如可為200~350℃。此時,若使用高沸點溶劑,則其在常溫幾乎不會揮發,因此防止第一金屬粒子的濃度變高,作業性提升,除此之外亦防止第一金屬粒子的再凝聚等,品質亦變得良好。作為分散法,可列舉揑合機、三輥、珠磨機及超音波等。
<第二金屬粒子>
第二金屬粒子的平均粒徑為1000~7000nm。
平均粒徑為1000nm以上的金屬粒子難以發揮燒成性,為非燒成性的金屬粒子。藉此,即使將膜狀燒成材料進行燒成,亦在燒成後的膜狀燒成材料中維持形狀並殘留。
本發明中,亦將第二金屬粒子稱為「非燒成性金屬粒子」。
膜狀燒成材料所含之第二金屬粒子的平均粒徑為1000~7000nm,較佳為1250~6000nm,更佳為1500~5000nm。藉由第二金屬粒子的平均粒徑為上述上限值以下,後述燒成材料組成物中,第二金屬粒子變得難以沉降或凝聚。若粒子彼此顯著地凝聚,則在將燒成材料組成物加工成膜狀燒成材料之際,可見凝聚的金屬粒子(凝聚物)。再者,藉由金屬粒子單體、凝聚物等而在燒成材料的表面形成凹凸,表面變得容易不均勻化。並且,在與被著體(例如晶片、基材等)的接著界面,因金屬粒子單體、凝聚物等的局部存在,而有剪切接著力降低的狀況。若第二金屬粒子的平均粒徑為上述上限值以下,則可抑制由金屬粒子單體、凝聚物等所致之燒成材料表面的不均勻化。並且,燒成後的剪切接著力升高。另一方面,藉由第二金屬粒子的平均粒徑為上述下限值以上,而導熱性優異。
並且,膜狀燒成材料所含之第二金屬粒子的最小粒徑大於250nm,較佳為350nm以上,更佳為450nm以上。藉由第二金屬粒子的最小粒徑為上述下限值以上,非熔融性更優異,即使將膜狀燒成材料進行燒成,亦在燒成後的膜狀燒成材料中維持形狀並變得容易殘留。
並且,膜狀燒成材料所含之第二金屬粒子的最大粒徑為10000nm以下,較佳為9000nm以下,更佳為8000nm以下。藉由第二金屬粒子的最大粒徑為上述上限值以下,在燒成材料組成物中變得更難以沉降,在將燒成材料組成物加工成膜狀燒成材料之際,可更進一步地抑制由金屬粒子單體、凝聚物等所致之燒成材料表面的不均勻化。
例如,膜狀燒成材料所含之第二金屬粒子的粒徑可為大於250nm且10000nm以下、大於250nm且9000nm以下、大於250nm且8000nm以下、350nm以上且10000nm以下、350nm以上且9000nm以下、350nm以上且8000nm以下、450nm以上且10000nm以下、450nm以上且9000nm以下、450nm以上且8000nm以下。
作為第二金屬粒子的金屬種,可列舉與例示作為第一金屬粒子的金屬種者相同者,因即使少量亦可表現優異的導熱性,在成本面上亦有利,故較佳為銀粒子、銅粒子。
在第二金屬粒子的表面,亦可披覆有有機物。藉由具有有機物的披覆,與黏結劑成分的相容性提升,可防止粒子彼此的凝聚,可均勻地分散。尤其,因分散性、燒成後的塗膜填充性(封裝性)等優異,難以在膜狀燒成材料產生裂痕,可良好地維持導熱性,故較佳為金屬烷氧化物且在表面修飾有經化學結合的有機鏈之金屬粒子。
第二金屬粒子的表面披覆有有機物之情形,第一金屬粒子的質量設為包含披覆物的值。
第二金屬粒子在與黏結劑成分及後述之其他添加劑成分混合之前,為了呈現無預先凝聚物的狀態,而亦可預先分散於異莰基環己醇、癸醇等沸點高的高沸點溶劑。作為高沸點溶劑的沸點,例如可為200~350℃。此時,若使用高沸點溶劑,則其在常溫幾乎不會揮發,因此防止第二金屬粒子的濃度變高,作業性提升,除此之外亦防止第二金屬粒子的再凝聚等,品質亦變得良好。作為分散法,可列舉揑合機、三輥、珠磨機及超音波等。
<黏結劑成分>
藉由摻合黏結劑成分,可將燒成材料成形為膜狀,可對燒成前的膜狀燒成材料賦予黏著性。黏結劑成分可為藉由作為膜狀燒成材料的燒成之加熱處理而會被熱分解的熱分解性。
黏結劑成分未被特別限定,但作為黏結劑成分的較佳一例,可舉出樹脂。作為樹脂,可列舉丙烯酸系樹脂、聚碳酸酯樹脂、聚乳酸、纖維素衍生物的聚合物等,較佳為丙烯酸系樹脂。丙烯酸系樹脂中,包含(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物的同元聚合物、二種以上的(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物的共聚物、(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物與其他共聚合性單體的共聚物。
在構成黏結劑成分的樹脂中,源自(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物的構成單位的含量,相對於構成單位的總質量(100質量%),較佳為50~100質量%,更佳為80~100質量%,再佳為90~100質量%。
在此所謂的「源自」,意指前述單體為了聚合而受到的必須結構變化。
作為(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物的具體例,可列舉(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸三級丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸戊酯(pentyl (meth)acrylate)、(甲基)丙烯酸戊酯(amyl (meth)acrylate)、(甲基)丙烯酸異戊酯、(甲基)丙烯酸己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸庚酯、(甲基)丙烯酸辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙基己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸壬酯、(甲基)丙烯酸癸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異癸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸十一酯、(甲基)丙烯酸十二酯、(甲基)丙烯酸月桂酯、(甲基)丙烯酸十八酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異十八酯等(甲基)丙烯酸烷酯;
(甲基)丙烯酸羥基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羥基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸4-羥基丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸3-羥基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羥基丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸3-羥基丁酯等(甲基)丙烯酸羥基烷酯;
(甲基)丙烯酸苯氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羥基-3-苯氧基丙酯等(甲基)丙烯酸苯氧基烷酯;
(甲基)丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-丙氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-丁氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-甲氧基丁酯等(甲基)丙烯酸烷氧基烷酯;
(甲基)丙烯酸聚乙二醇單酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙氧基二乙二醇酯、(甲基)丙烯酸甲氧基聚乙二醇酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苯氧基聚乙二醇酯、(甲基)丙烯酸壬基苯氧基聚乙二醇酯、(甲基)丙烯酸聚丙二醇單酯、(甲基)丙烯酸甲氧基聚丙二醇酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙氧基聚丙二醇酯、(甲基)丙烯酸壬基苯氧基聚丙二醇酯等(甲基)丙烯酸聚伸烷基二醇酯;
(甲基)丙烯酸環己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸4-丁基環己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二環戊酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二環戊烯酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二環戊二烯酯、(甲基)丙烯酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異莰酯、(甲基)丙烯酸三環癸烷基酯等(甲基)丙烯酸環烷酯;
(甲基)丙烯酸苄酯、(甲基)丙烯酸四氫呋喃甲酯等。較佳為(甲基)丙烯酸烷酯或(甲基)丙烯酸烷氧基烷酯,作為特佳的(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物,可列舉(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙基己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸月桂酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異癸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、及(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙氧基乙酯。
本說明書中,所謂「(甲基)丙烯酸酯」,係指包含「丙烯酸酯」及「甲基丙烯酸酯」兩者的概念。
作為丙烯酸樹脂,較佳為甲基丙烯酸酯。藉由黏結劑成分含有源自甲基丙烯酸酯的構成單位,能夠以較低溫進行燒成,可容易滿足用於在燒成後獲得充分的接著強度的條件。
在構成黏結劑成分的樹脂中,源自甲基丙烯酸酯的構成單位的含量,相對於構成單位的總質量(100質量%),較佳為50~100質量%,更佳為80~100質量%,再佳為90~100質量%。
作為其他共聚合性單體,只要為能與上述(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物共聚合的化合物則無特別限制,但可列舉例如(甲基)丙烯酸、乙烯基苯甲酸、順丁烯二酸、乙烯基鄰苯二甲酸等不飽和羧酸類;乙烯基苄基甲醚、乙烯基環氧丙基醚、苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、丁二烯、異戊二烯等含有乙烯基的自由基聚合性化合物。
構成黏結劑成分的樹脂的質量平均分子量(Mw),較佳為1,000~1,000,000,更佳為10,000~800,000。藉由樹脂的質量平均分子量為上述範圍內,變得容易表現作為薄膜的充分膜強度且賦予柔軟性。
此外,本說明書中,所謂「質量平均分子量」,只要沒有特別限定,係指藉由凝膠滲透層析法(GPC)所測定的聚苯乙烯換算值。
構成黏結劑成分的樹脂的玻璃轉移溫度(Tg),較佳為-60~50℃,更佳為-30~10℃,再佳為-20℃以上且小於0℃。藉由樹脂的Tg為上述上限值以下,膜狀燒成材料與被著體之燒成前的接著力提升。再者,膜狀燒成材料的柔軟性升高。另一方面,藉由樹脂的Tg為上述下限值以上,能維持薄膜形狀,變得更容易從支持片等分離膜狀燒成材料。
本說明書中,所謂「玻璃轉移溫度(Tg)」,係指使用示差掃描熱析儀,測定試料的DSC曲線,所得之DSC曲線的反曲點的溫度所表示者。
黏結劑成分可為藉由作為膜狀燒成材料的燒成之加熱處理而會被熱分解的熱分解性。黏結劑成分被熱分解一事,可藉由由燒成所致之黏結劑成分的質量減少而確認。此外,被摻合作為黏結劑成分的成分可因燒成而幾乎全被熱分解,但被摻合作為黏結劑成分的成分的全部質量亦可未因燒成而被熱分解。
黏結劑成分,相對於燒成前的黏結劑成分的總質量(100質量%),可為燒成後的質量成為10質量%以下者,亦可為成為5質量%以下者,亦可為成為3質量%以下者,亦可為成為0質量%者。
<其他添加劑>
本實施形態的膜狀燒成材料,除了上述第一金屬粒子、第二金屬粒子及黏結劑成分以外,在不損及本發明效果的範圍內,亦可含有不為第一金屬粒子、第二金屬粒子及黏結劑成分的其他添加劑。
作為本實施形態的膜狀燒成材料中、亦可含有的其他添加劑,可列舉溶劑、分散劑、塑化劑、賦黏劑、保存穩定劑、消泡劑、熱分解促進劑、及抗氧化劑等。添加劑可僅含有一種,亦可含有二種以上。此等添加劑並未被特別限定,可適當選擇此領域所通常使用者。
<組成>
本實施形態的膜狀燒成材料可為由第一金屬粒子、第二金屬粒子、黏結劑成分、及其他添加劑構成者,此等含量(質量%)的和為100質量%。
膜狀燒成材料中,以第一金屬粒子/第二金屬粒子所表示的質量比(第一金屬粒子/第二金屬粒子)為0.1以上,較佳為0.2以上,更佳為0.4以上。若第一金屬粒子的比例過少,則燒成後的膜狀燒成材料中變得容易產生空隙,而成為導熱性、剪切接著力降低等的原因。藉由第一金屬粒子/第二金屬粒子為上述下限值以上,可充分確保第一金屬粒子的含量。藉此,獲得即使燒成亦難以產生空隙的膜狀燒成材料,導熱性、剪切接著力升高。
第一金屬粒子/第二金屬粒子較佳為100以下,更佳為50以下,再佳為25以下。
例如,第一金屬粒子/第二金屬粒子可為0.1以上且100以下、0.1以上且50以下、0.1以上且25以下、0.2以上且100以下、0.2以上且50以下、0.2以上且25以下、0.4以上且100以下、0.4以上且50以下、0.4以上且25以下。
相對於膜狀燒成材料中之溶劑以外的全部成分(以下標記為「固體成分」)的總質量(100質量%),第一金屬粒子及第二金屬粒子的總含量較佳為50~99質量%,更佳為70~97質量%,再佳為80~95質量%。
相對於膜狀燒成材料中之固體成分的總質量(100質量%),黏結劑成分的含量較佳為1~50質量%,更佳為3~30質量%,再佳為5~20質量%。藉由黏結劑成分的含量為上述上限值以下,可充分確保第一金屬粒子及第二金屬粒子的含量,因此膜狀燒成材料與被著體的接著力提升。另一方面,藉由黏結劑成分的含量為上述下限值以上,可維持薄膜形狀。
膜狀燒成材料中,亦可包含在混合第一金屬粒子、第二金屬粒子、黏結劑成分及其他添加劑成分之際所使用的前述高沸點溶劑。相對於膜狀燒成材料的總質量(100質量%),高沸點溶劑的含量較佳為20質量%以下,更佳為15質量%以下,再佳為10質量%以下。
根據上述本實施形態的膜狀燒成材料,因為呈膜狀,故厚度穩定性優異。並且,本實施形態的膜狀燒成材料因以特定的質量比包含為燒成性金屬粒子之第一金屬粒子、與為非燒成性金屬粒子之第二金屬粒子,故在燒成後的膜狀燒成材料中難以產生空隙,導熱性、剪切接著力優異。再者,本實施形態的膜狀燒成材料所含之第二金屬粒子的平均粒徑為大於100nm且10000nm以下,故第二金屬粒子難以凝聚,可均勻地分散。藉此,本實施形態的膜狀燒成材料在燒成後可發揮優異的剪切接著力。
根據上述本實施形態的膜狀燒成材料,容易表現300W/(m・K)以上的導熱係數。並且,根據本實施形態的膜狀燒成材料,容易表現25MPa以上的剪切接著力。導熱係數及剪切接著力的測定方法係如同後述實施例所記載。
膜狀燒成材料可設為在至少一側(表面)設置有支持片之附支持片的膜狀燒成材料。
附支持片的膜狀燒成材料的詳細內容於後敘述。
≪膜狀燒成材料的製造方法≫
膜狀燒成材料能夠使用含有其構成材料的燒成材料組成物而形成。例如,在膜狀燒成材料的形成對象面,塗布或印刷包含用於構成膜狀燒成材料的各成分及溶劑之燒成材料組成物,視需要使溶劑揮發,藉此可在目標部位形成膜狀燒成材料。
作為膜狀燒成材料的形成對象面,可舉出剝離薄膜的表面。
在塗布燒成材料組成物之情形,作為溶劑,較佳為沸點小於200℃者,可列舉例如n-己烷(沸點:68℃)、乙酸乙酯(沸點:77℃)、2-丁酮(沸點:80℃)、n-庚烷(沸點:98℃)、甲基環己烷(沸點:101℃)、甲苯(沸點:111℃)、乙醯丙酮(沸點:138℃)、n-二甲苯(沸點:139℃)及二甲基甲醯胺(沸點:153℃)等。此等可單獨使用,亦可組合使用。
燒成材料組成物的塗布,只要以公知的方法進行即可,可列舉例如使用氣動刮刀塗布機、刀片塗布機、棒塗布機、凹版塗布機、缺角輪塗布機(comma coater)(註冊商標)、輥塗布機、輥刀式塗布機、簾幕式塗布機、模具塗布機、刀式塗布機、網塗布機、麥勒棒塗布機(Mayer bar coater)、吻合式塗布機等各種塗布機的方法。
在印刷燒成材料組成物之情形,作為溶劑,只要為在印刷後可揮發乾燥者即可,較佳為沸點為65~350℃。作為此種溶劑,可列舉之前例示的沸點小於200℃的溶劑、異佛酮(沸點:215℃)、丁卡必醇(沸點:230℃)、1‐癸醇(沸點:233℃)、丁卡必醇醋酸酯(butyl carbitol acetate)(沸點:247℃)、異莰基環己醇(沸點:318℃)等。
若沸點高於350℃,則在印刷後的揮發乾燥時溶劑變得難以揮發,難以確保所期望的形狀,燒成時溶劑會殘留在薄膜內,而有使接合接著性劣化的可能性。若沸點低於65℃,則印刷時會揮發,有會損及厚度的穩定性之虞。若使用沸點為200~350℃的溶劑,則可抑制由印刷時的溶劑揮發所致之黏度上升,可獲得印刷適性。
燒成材料組成物的印刷可利用公知的印刷方法進行,可列舉例如柔版印刷等凸版印刷、凹版印刷等凹版印刷、平版印刷等平板印刷、絲網印刷或滾網印刷等網板印刷、由噴墨印刷機等各種印刷機所致之印刷等方法。
膜狀燒成材料的形狀,只要配合燒成接合的對象的形狀而適當設定即可,較佳為圓形或矩形。圓形係對應於半導體晶圓形狀的形狀。矩形係對應於晶片形狀的形狀。所謂對應形狀,可為與燒成接合的對象的形狀相同的形狀或略同的形狀。
膜狀燒成材料為圓形之情形,圓的面積可為3.5~1,600cm2 ,亦可為85~1,400cm2 。膜狀燒成材料為矩形之情形,矩形的面積可為0.01~25cm2 ,亦可為0.25~9cm2
因容易加工成所期望的形狀,膜狀燒成材料較佳為使用燒成材料組成物並藉由印刷而製造,尤其,更佳為藉由網板印刷而製造。
燒成材料組成物的乾燥條件並未被特別限定,但在燒成材料組成物含有溶劑之情形,較佳為使其加熱乾燥,此情形,較佳為例如以70~250℃,例如80~180℃,且以10秒鐘~10分鐘的條件使其乾燥。
本實施形態的膜狀燒成材料係包含第一金屬粒子、第二金屬粒子及黏結劑成分的膜狀燒成材料,且係前述第一金屬粒子的平均粒徑為100nm以下且最大粒徑為250nm以下,前述第二金屬粒子的平均粒徑為1000~7000nm,最小粒徑大於250nm且最大粒徑為10000nm以下,以第一金屬粒子/第二金屬粒子所表示的質量比為0.1以上的膜狀燒成材料;但較佳為前述第一金屬粒子的平均粒徑為0.5~80nm,最大粒徑為250nm以下且最小粒徑為0.5nm以上,前述第二金屬粒子的平均粒徑為1500~5000nm,最大粒徑為10000nm以下且最小粒徑為450nm以上,以第一金屬粒子/第二金屬粒子所表示的質量比為0.2以上25以下的膜狀燒成材料。
並且,本實施形態的膜狀燒成材料,較佳為相對於膜狀燒成材料中之固體成分的總質量(100質量%),第一金屬粒子及第二金屬粒子的總含量為80~95質量%,黏結劑成分的含量為5~20質量%的膜狀燒成材料。
≪附支持片的膜狀燒成材料≫
本實施形態的附支持片的膜狀燒成材料包括上述膜狀燒成材料、與設置在前述膜狀燒成材料的至少一側(表面)之支持片。前述支持片係在基材薄膜上的整面或外周部設置有黏著劑層者,較佳為在前述黏著劑層上設置有前述膜狀燒成材料。前述膜狀燒成材料可與黏著劑層直接接觸而設置,亦可與基材薄膜直接接觸而設置。藉由設為本形態,可使用作為在將半導體晶圓個片化成晶片之際所使用的切割片。且藉由使用刀片等而與半導體晶圓一起進行個片化,可加工作為與晶片同形狀的膜狀燒成材料,且可製造附膜狀燒成材料的晶片。
以下,針對附支持片的膜狀燒成材料之一實施形態進行說明。在圖2及圖3中,揭示本實施形態的附支持片的膜狀燒成材料之示意剖面圖。如圖2、圖3所示,本實施形態的附支持片的膜狀燒成材料100a、100b係在外周部具有黏著部之支持片2的內周部,能剝離地暫時安裝膜狀燒成材料1。支持片2,如圖2所示,係在基材薄膜3的上面具有黏著劑層4的黏著片,該黏著劑層4的內周部表面覆蓋膜狀燒成材料,成為黏著部在外周部露出的構成。並且,如圖3所示,支持片2亦可為在基材薄膜3的外周部具有環狀黏著劑層4的構成。
膜狀燒成材料1係在支持片2的內周部形成為與所貼附之工件(半導體晶圓等)為略同形狀。在支持片2的外周部具有黏著部。較佳為態樣中,直徑小於支持片2的膜狀燒成材料1被同心圓狀地積層在圓形的支持片2上。外周部的黏著部,如圖式般,被使用於環形框架5的固定。
(基材薄膜)
作為基材薄膜3,並未被特別限定,可使用例如低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、直鏈低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、乙烯-丙烯共聚物、聚丙烯、聚丁烯、聚丁二烯、聚甲基戊烯、乙烯-乙酸乙烯共聚物、乙烯-(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物、乙烯-(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、乙烯-(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯共聚物、聚氯乙烯、氯乙烯-乙酸乙烯共聚物、聚胺基甲酸酯薄膜、由離子聚合物等構成的薄膜等。此外,本說明書中的「(甲基)丙烯酸」,使用在包含丙烯酸及甲基丙烯酸兩者的意義。
並且,在要求對於支持片有更高的耐熱性之情形中,作為基材薄膜3,可列舉聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯(polybutylene terephthalate)、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylene naphthalate)等聚酯薄膜、聚丙烯、聚甲基戊烯等聚烯烴薄膜等。並且,亦可使用此等的交聯薄膜、由放射線/放電等所致之改性薄膜。基材薄膜亦可為上述薄膜的積層體。
並且,此等薄膜可積層二種類以上,亦可組合而使用。再者,亦可使用將此等薄膜進行著色者、或施以印刷者等。並且,薄膜可為藉由將熱塑性樹脂進行擠壓形成而片化者,亦可為被延伸者,亦可使用將硬化性樹脂藉由指定手段進行薄膜化、硬化而片化者。
基材薄膜的厚度並未被特別限定,較佳為30~300μm,更佳為50~200μm。藉由將基材薄膜的厚度設為上述範圍,即使利用切割進行切入,亦難以引起基材薄膜的斷裂。並且,因賦予附支持片的膜狀燒成材料充分的可動性,故對工件(例如半導體晶圓等)展現良好的貼附性。
基材薄膜亦可藉由在表面塗布剝離劑並施以剝離處理而得。作為使用於剝離處理的剝離劑,可使用醇酸系、矽氧系、氟系、不飽和聚酯系、聚烯烴系、蠟系等,但醇酸系、矽氧系、氟系的剝離劑因具有耐熱性而較佳。
為了使用上述剝離劑而將基材薄膜的表面進行剝離處理,只要藉由剝離劑直接無溶劑,或進行溶劑稀釋、乳化,藉由凹版塗布機、麥勒棒塗布機、氣動刮刀塗布機、輥塗布機等進行塗布,將經塗布剝離劑的基材薄膜提供於常溫下或加熱下,或藉由電子射線使其硬化,利用濕式層壓或乾式層壓、熱熔融層壓、熔融擠壓層壓、共擠壓加工等而形成積層體即可。
(黏著劑層)
支持片2至少在其少外周部具有黏著部。黏著部較佳為在附支持片的膜狀燒成材料100a、100b的外周部、具有將環形框架5暫時性固定的功能,且在所需步驟後環形框架5能剝離。因此,對於黏著劑層4,亦可使用弱黏著性者,亦可使用藉由能量線照射而黏著力降低的能量線硬化性者。再剝離性黏著劑層可藉由公知的各種黏著劑(例如,橡膠系、丙烯酸系、矽氧系、胺基甲酸酯系、聚乙烯基醚系等通用黏著劑、具表面凹凸的黏著劑、能量線硬化型黏著劑、含有熱膨脹成分的黏著劑等)而形成。
支持片2,如圖2所示,係在基材薄膜3的上側整面具有黏著劑層4之通常構成的黏著片,亦可為該黏著劑層4的內周部表面被膜狀燒成材料覆蓋,黏著部在外周部露出的構成。此情形,黏著劑層4的外周部被使用於上述環形框架5的固定,內周部中,能剝離地積層膜狀燒成材料。作為黏著劑層4,與上述同樣地,亦可使用弱黏著性者,並且亦可使用能量線硬化性黏著劑。
並且,在圖3所示的構成中,在基材薄膜3的外周部形成環狀的黏著劑層4作為黏著部。此時,黏著劑層4亦可為由上述黏著劑構成的單層黏著劑層,亦可為將包含由上述黏著劑構成的黏著劑層之雙面黏著膠帶剪切成環狀者。
作為弱黏著劑,較佳為使用丙烯酸系、矽氧系。並且,考慮到膜狀燒成材料的剝離性,黏著劑層4在23℃時對於SUS板的黏著力較佳為30~120mN/25mm,再佳為50~100mN/25mm,更佳為60~90mN/25mm。若此黏著力過低,則環形框架有時會脫落。並且,若黏著力過高,則變得難以從環形框架剝離,變得難以再利用環形框架。
在圖2的構成的支持片中、使用能量線硬化性的再剝離性黏著劑層之情形,亦可對於積層膜狀燒成材料的區域預先進行能量線照射,使黏著性減低。此時,其他區域亦可不進行能量線照射,例如以對環形框架5的接著為目的,維持著高黏著力。在僅不對其他區域進行能量線照射時,只要例如在對應於基材薄膜的其他區域之區域、藉由印刷等而設置能量線遮蔽層,由基材薄膜側進行能量線照射即可。並且,在圖2的構成的支持片中,為了使基材薄膜3與黏著劑層4的接著牢固,可對於基材薄膜3的設置有黏著劑層4的面,依據期望,施以由噴砂或溶劑處理等所致之凹凸化處理、或電暈放電處理、電子射線照射、電漿處理、臭氧-紫外線照射處理、火燄處理、鉻酸處理、熱風處理等氧化處理等。並且,亦可施以底漆處理。
黏著劑層4的厚度並未被特別限定,但較佳為1~100μm,再佳為2~80μm,特佳為3~50μm。
(附支持片的膜狀燒成材料)
附支持片的膜狀燒成材料係在外周部具有黏著部之支持片的內周部,以能剝離地暫時安裝有膜狀燒成材料而成。在圖2所示的構成例中,附支持片的膜狀燒成材料100a,在由基材薄膜3與黏著劑層4構成之支持片2的內周部,能剝離地積層膜狀燒成材料1,黏著劑層4在支持片2的外周部露出。在此構成例中,較佳為直徑小於支持片2的膜狀燒成材料1,以同心圓狀且能剝離地積層在支持片2的黏著劑層4上。
上述構成的附支持片的膜狀燒成材料100a,在支持片2的外周部所露出之黏著劑層4,貼附在環形框架5。
並且,在對於環形框架的糊漿(在黏著片的外周部之露出的黏著劑層)上,亦可再另外設置環狀的雙面膠帶或黏著劑層。雙面膠帶具有黏著劑層/芯材/黏著劑層的構成,雙面膠帶中的黏著劑層並未被特別限定,可使用例如橡膠系、丙烯酸系、矽氧系、聚乙烯基醚等黏著劑。黏著劑層,在後述製造附晶片的基板之際,在其外周部貼附於環形框架。作為雙面膠帶的芯材,較佳可使用例如聚酯薄膜、聚丙烯薄膜、聚碳酸酯薄膜、聚醯亞胺薄膜、氟樹脂薄膜、液晶聚合物薄膜等。
在圖3所示的構成例中,在基材薄膜3的外周部形成環狀的黏著劑層4,設為黏著部。圖4中,揭示圖3所示之附支持片的膜狀燒成材料100b的斜視圖。此時,黏著劑層4可為由上述黏著劑構成的單層黏著劑層,亦可為將包含由上述黏著劑構成的黏著劑層之雙面黏著膠帶剪切成環狀者。膜狀燒成材料1以能剝離地積層在被黏著部圍繞的基材薄膜3的內周部。在此構成例中,較佳為直徑小於支持片2的膜狀燒成材料1,以同心圓狀且能剝離地積層在支持片2的基材薄膜3上。
附支持片的膜狀燒成材料中,在供予使用前的期間,亦可在膜狀燒成材料及黏著部的任一方或其兩方的表面,將用於避免與外部接觸的表面保護作為目的,設置剝離薄膜。
作為表面保護薄膜(剝離薄膜),亦可在先前列舉的聚乙烯、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯(polybutylene terephthalate)、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylene naphthalate)及聚丙烯等的基材薄膜表面,使用剝離劑並施以上述剝離處理而得。作為用於剝離處理的剝離劑,可列舉在基材薄膜的說明中先前例示的剝離劑。
附支持片的膜狀燒成材料的厚度較佳為1~500μm,更佳為5~300μm,再佳為10~150μm。
於此,所謂「附支持片的膜狀燒成材料的厚度」,意指附支持片的膜狀燒成材料整體的厚度,例如,所謂由複數層構成之附支持片的膜狀燒成材料的厚度,意指構成附支持片的膜狀燒成材料的全部層的厚度。
≪附支持片的膜狀燒成材料的製造方法≫
前述附支持片的膜狀燒成材料,能夠以成為對應於上述各層的位置關係之方式、順序進行積層而製造。
例如,在基材薄膜上積層黏著劑層或膜狀燒成材料之情形中,只要在剝離薄膜上,塗布或印刷含有用於構成此的成分及溶劑之黏著劑組成物或燒成材料組成物,視需要使其乾燥,使溶劑揮發而做成膜狀,藉此在剝離薄膜上預先形成黏著劑層或膜狀燒成材料,將此形成完成的黏著劑層或膜狀燒成材料之與接觸前述剝離薄膜的側為相反側的露出面,與基材薄膜的表面貼合即可。此時,黏著劑組成物或燒成材料組成物較佳為對剝離薄膜的剝離處理面進行塗布或印刷。剝離薄膜只要在積層構造的形成後,視需要去除即可。黏著劑組成物或燒成材料組成物中,用於構成此的各成分的含量,以各成分的合計計算為50~99質量%,溶劑的含量可為1~50質量%。
例如,在製造基材薄膜上積層黏著劑層且在前述黏著劑層上積層膜狀燒成材料而成之附支持片的膜狀燒成材料(支持片為基材薄膜及黏著劑層的積層物之附支持片的膜狀燒成材料)之情形中,利用上述方法,在基材薄膜上先積層黏著劑層,另外在剝離薄膜上塗布或印刷含有用於構成膜狀燒成材料的成分及溶劑之燒成材料組成物,視需要使其乾燥並使溶劑揮發而做成膜狀,藉此在剝離薄膜上形成膜狀燒成材料,將此膜狀燒成材料的露出面與在基材上積層完成之黏著劑層的露出面進行貼合,將膜狀燒成材料在黏著劑層上進行積層,藉此獲得附支持片的膜狀燒成材料。在剝離薄膜上形成膜狀燒成材料之情形,燒成材料組成物亦較佳為對剝離薄膜的剝離處理面進行塗布或印刷,剝離薄膜只要在積層構造的形成後,視需要去除即可。
如此,構成附支持片的膜狀燒成材料之基材以外的層的任一者,因皆在剝離薄膜上預先形成,可以貼合在作為目標的層的表面之方法進行積層,故只要視需要適當選擇採用此種步驟的層,製造附支持片的膜狀燒成材料即可。
此外,附支持片的膜狀燒成材料可在設置全部必要的層後,在與其支持片為相反側的最表層的表面,以貼合剝離薄膜的狀態進行保管。
≪附晶片的基板的製造方法≫
接著針對本發明之附支持片的膜狀燒成材料的利用方法,以將該燒成材料應用於附晶片的基板的製造之情形作為例子進行說明。
作為本發明的一實施形態,使用附支持片的膜狀燒成材料之附晶片的基板的製造方法,係將附支持片的膜狀燒成材料的剝離薄膜進行剝離,在半導體晶圓(工件)的背面貼附附支持片的膜狀燒成材料,並可將以下步驟(1)~(2)以(1)、(2)的順序進行,亦可將以下步驟(1)~(4)以(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)的順序進行。
步驟(1):將支持片、膜狀燒成材料、及半導體晶圓(工件)依此順序被積層的積層體之半導體晶圓(工件)與膜狀燒成材料進行切割之步驟;
步驟(2):將膜狀燒成材料與支持片進行剝離,獲得附膜狀燒成材料的晶片之步驟;
步驟(3):在基板的表面貼附附膜狀燒成材料的晶片之步驟;
步驟(4):將膜狀燒成材料進行燒成,將晶片與基板進行接合之步驟。
以下,針對進行上述步驟(1)~(4)之情形進行說明。
半導體晶圓可為矽晶圓及碳化矽晶圓,並且,亦可為鎵-砷等化合物半導體晶圓。在半導體晶圓的表面,亦可形成電路。對晶圓表面的電路形成可藉由包含蝕刻法、掀離(lift-off)法等以往通用之方法的各種方法而進行。接著,將半導體晶圓的電路面的相反面(背面)進行研磨。研磨法並未被特別限定,亦可以使用研磨機等的公知手段進行研磨。在背面研磨時,為了保護表面的電路,而在電路面貼附被稱為表面保護片的黏著片。背面研磨係藉由將晶圓的電路面側(亦即表面保護片側)藉由吸盤(chuck table)等進行固定,而將未形成有電路的背面側藉由研磨機進行研磨。晶圓的研磨後的厚度並未被特別限定,但通常為20~500μm左右。其後,視需要,去除在背面研磨時所產生的破碎層。破碎層的去除係藉由化學蝕刻、電漿蝕刻等而進行。
接著,在半導體晶圓的背面,貼附上述附支持片的膜狀燒成材料之膜狀燒成材料。其後,將步驟(1)~(4)以(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)的順序進行。
將半導體晶圓/膜狀燒成材料/支持片的積層體,切割每個在晶圓表面所形成的電路,獲得晶片/膜狀燒成材料/支持片的積層體。切割係以半導體晶圓與膜狀燒成材料皆進行切斷之方式進行。根據本實施形態之附支持片的膜狀燒成材料,在切割時,在膜狀燒成材料與支持片之間發揮黏著力,因此可防止碎屑或晶片飛散,切割適性優異。切割並未被特別限定,作為一例,可舉出在半導體晶圓的切割時,將支持片的周邊部(支持體的外周部)藉由環形框架進行固定後,利用使用切割刀片等旋轉丸刃等公知的手法、進行半導體晶圓的個片化之方法等。由切割所致之對於支持片的切入深度,可將膜狀燒成材料完全切斷,較佳為設為從膜狀燒成材料與支持片的界面起0~30μm。藉由縮小對於支持片的切入量,可抑制由切割刀片的摩擦所致之構成支持片的黏著劑層或基材薄膜的熔融、溢料等的產生。
此外,尤其,亦將在表面形成有電路的半導體晶圓進行個片化者(晶片)稱為元件或半導體元件。
其後,亦可將上述支持片進行擴張。作為支持片的基材薄膜,選擇伸張性優異者之情形,支持片具有優異的擴張性。將經切割之附膜狀燒成材料的晶片藉由筒夾等通用手段而進行拾取(pickup),藉此剝離膜狀燒成材料與支持片。此結果,獲得在背面具有膜狀燒成材料的晶片(附膜狀燒成材料的晶片)。
接下來,在基板的表面貼附附膜狀燒成材料的晶片。在基板中,亦可包含引線框架或散熱裝置等。
接著,將膜狀燒成材料進行燒成,將基板與晶片進行燒成接合。此時,若將附膜狀燒成材料的晶片之膜狀燒成材料的露出面貼附在基板,便可經由膜狀燒成材料而將晶片與前述基板進行燒成接合。
燒成膜狀燒成材料的加熱溫度,只要考慮膜狀燒成材料的種類等而適當決定即可,但較佳為100~600℃,更佳為150~550℃,再佳為250~500℃。加熱時間只要考慮膜狀燒成材料的種類等而適當決定即可,但較佳為1~60分鐘,更佳為1~30分鐘,再佳為1~10分鐘。
膜狀燒成材料的燒成亦可進行對膜狀燒成材料加壓並進行燒成的加壓燒成。加壓條件,作為一例,可設為1~50MPa左右。
根據本實施形態之附晶片的基板的製造方法,可將厚度的均勻性高的膜狀燒成材料簡便地形成在晶片背面,變得難以產生在切割步驟或封裝之後的裂痕。並且,根據本實施形態之附晶片的基板的製造方法,可獲得在經個別化的晶片背面、不需個別貼附膜狀燒成材料之附膜狀燒成材料的晶片,謀求製造步驟的簡略化。而且,可將附膜狀燒成材料的晶片配置在所期望的基板上並進行燒成,藉此製造經由膜狀燒成材料而燒成接合晶片與基板之附晶片的基板。
作為一實施形態,能獲得包括晶片與本發明的膜狀燒成材料之附膜狀燒成材料的晶片。附膜狀燒成材料的晶片,作為一例,可藉由上述附晶片的基板的製造方法而製造。
此外,上述實施形態中,針對膜狀燒成材料的晶片與其基板之燒成接合進行例示,但膜狀燒成材料的燒成接合對象並不受限於上述所例示者,對於與膜狀燒成材料接觸並使其燒成的各種物品,能燒成接合。
並且,上述實施形態中,使用刀片等與半導體晶圓一起進行個片化,藉此可加工作為與晶片同形狀的膜狀燒成材料,且可製造附膜狀燒成材料的晶片。亦即,在附膜狀燒成材料的晶片中,膜狀燒成材料的接觸面與晶片的接觸面之大小(面積)相同,但此等亦可不同。例如,在膜狀燒成材料的接觸面大於晶片的接觸面之狀態下,亦可經由膜狀燒成材料貼合基板與晶片。具體而言,可先在基板配置期望大小的膜狀燒成材料,將接觸面小於該膜狀燒成材料的晶片貼附在膜狀燒成材料上。
[實施例]
以下,藉由實施例等,進一步具體地說明本發明,但本發明的範圍並未受限於此等實施例等。
≪實施例1~5、比較例1~2≫
<燒成材料組成物的製造>
將下述表1所示之種類的第一金屬粒子及第二金屬粒子,以合計計算混合95質量份,及黏結劑成分(2-乙基己基甲基丙烯酸酯聚合物,質量平均分子量260,000,L-0818,日本合成化學公司製,MEK稀釋品,固體成分58.4質量%,Tg:-10℃)以固體成分換算5質量份進行混合,利用溶劑(丁卡必醇)稀釋至固體成分濃度成為75質量%為止,獲得燒成材料組成物。
第一金屬粒子與第二金屬粒子係以第一金屬粒子/第二金屬粒子所表示的質量比成為表1所示的值之方式進行混合。
此外,第一金屬粒子的粒徑係以TEM進行測定,第二金屬粒子的粒徑係以SEM進行測定。
<膜狀燒成材料的製造>
在對單面施以剝離處理的聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯系薄膜之剝離薄膜(厚度38μm,SP-PET381031,LINTEC公司製)的單面,塗布由上述所得的燒成材料組成物,使其進行110℃10分鐘乾燥,藉此獲得厚度75μm的膜狀燒成材料。
<從膜狀燒成材料分離第一金屬粒子及第二金屬粒子、與除了此等的成分之方法>
在混合燒成前的膜狀燒成材料、與以重量計約10倍量的有機溶劑後,將此靜置約30分鐘,直到第一金屬粒子及第二金屬粒子沉降為止。將此上清液以注射器抽除,將以 120℃10分鐘乾燥後的殘留物進行回收,藉此從膜狀燒成材料分離取得除了第一金屬粒子及第二金屬粒子的成分。並且,對於利用上述注射器抽除上清液後的含有第一金屬粒子及第二金屬粒子的液體,再次在混合膜狀燒成材料的約10倍量之有機溶劑後,將此靜置約30分鐘,直到第一金屬粒子及第二金屬粒子沉降為止,利用注射器抽除上清液。在重複5次此有機溶劑的混合與靜置及上清液的抽除後,將殘留的液體進行120℃10分鐘乾燥後,回收殘留物,藉此分離取得第一金屬粒子及第二金屬粒子。
<燒成材料組成物及膜狀燒成材料的測定、評價>
針對由上述所得之燒成材料組成物及膜狀燒成材料,測定及評價下述項目。
(分散狀態的確認)
以目視觀察燒成材料組成物及膜狀燒成材料,確認凝聚物的有無。
將燒成材料組成物及膜狀燒成材料的任一者中皆未辨識到凝聚物之情形判斷為「○:分散狀態良好」。將在燒成材料組成物及膜狀燒成材料的至少一方中辨識到凝聚物之情形判斷為「×:分散狀態不良」。將結果揭示於表1。
(厚度的測定)
遵照JIS K7130,使用定壓厚度測定計(TECLOCK公司製,製品名「PG-02」)進行測定。
(導熱係數的測定)
膜狀燒成材料的燒成後的導熱係數係藉由以下方法而測定。
將上述所得的膜狀燒成材料裁切成10mm×10mm者,以燒成後的厚度成為150μm前後之方式積層複數片,獲得積層體(1)。在所得之積層體(1)的兩面,貼附厚度100μm、面積20mm×20mm的鋁片,獲得積層體(2)。將所得的積層體(2),以具有直徑10mm的剖面且高度5mm之圓柱體形狀的銅片、與具有直徑5mm的剖面且高度2mm之圓柱體形狀的銅片夾住,在氮氣氣體環境下,利用350℃、10MPa的條件,加壓燒成3分鐘,獲得被2片鋁片夾住的燒成體。接著,從燒成體剝去2片的鋁片,獲得導熱係數測定用的試驗片。此外,燒成前的膜狀燒成材料之積層後的厚度,大致依據膜狀燒成材料中的金屬粒子的體積比例而決定,150μm除以膜狀燒成材料中的金屬粒子的體積比例之值,成為燒成前的膜狀燒成材料之積層後的厚度基準。
接著,使用導熱係數測定裝置(ai-Phase股份有限公司製 製品名「ai-Phase-Mobile 1u」),測定試驗片的熱擴散率,其後,由試驗片的比熱與比重算出試驗片的導熱係數。測定係實施複數次,以標準偏差成為平均值的一半以下之方式,將相比其他值為明顯不同者去除者中選擇5點以上,將其等的平均值設為膜狀燒成材料的燒成後的導熱係數。將結果揭示於表1。
(剪切接著力的測定)
膜狀燒成材料的燒成後的剪切接著力係藉由以下方法而測定。
將上述所得的膜狀燒成材料裁切成10mm×10mm,將此貼附在具有直徑10mm的剖面且高度5mm之圓柱體形狀的銅被著體上面,在其上搭載具有直徑5mm的剖面且高度2mm之圓柱體形狀的銅被著體,在氮氣體環境下,利用350℃、10MPa的條件,加壓燒成3分鐘,獲得接合接著力測定用試驗片。在常溫下,對於此試驗片的接著面,以6mm/分鐘的速度,由剪切方向施加力,測定接著狀態破壞時的強度,將此設為剪切接著力。將結果揭示於表1。
[表1]
如由表1可知,相較於比較例1~2的膜狀燒成材料,實施例1~5的膜狀燒成材料的導熱性優異、剪切接著力高。
各實施形態中之各構成及其等組合等為一例,在不脫離本發明的精神的範圍,能夠進行構成的加成、省略、取代、及其他變更。並且,本發明並不因各實施形態而受限,僅受限於請求項(申請專利範圍)的範圍。
1‧‧‧膜狀燒成材料
2‧‧‧支持片
3‧‧‧基材薄膜
4‧‧‧黏著劑層
5‧‧‧環形框架
10‧‧‧第一金屬粒子
20‧‧‧第二金屬粒子
30‧‧‧黏結劑成分
100a‧‧‧附支持片的膜狀燒成材料
100b‧‧‧附支持片的膜狀燒成材料
[圖1]係概略地揭示本發明的一實施形態之膜狀燒成材料的剖面圖。
[圖2]係概略地揭示本發明的一實施形態之附支持片的膜狀燒成材料貼附在環形框架之狀態的剖面圖。
[圖3]係概略地揭示本發明的一實施形態之附支持片的膜狀燒成材料貼附在環形框架之狀態的剖面圖。
[圖4]係概略地揭示本發明的一實施形態之附支持片的膜狀燒成材料貼附在環形框架之狀態的斜視圖。

Claims (3)

  1. 一種膜狀燒成材料,其係包含第一金屬粒子、第二金屬粒子、及黏結劑成分的膜狀燒成材料, 前述第一金屬粒子的平均粒徑為100nm以下,且最大粒徑為250nm以下, 前述第二金屬粒子的平均粒徑為1000~7000nm,最小粒徑大於250nm,且最大粒徑為10000nm以下, 以第一金屬粒子/第二金屬粒子所表示的質量比為0.1以上。
  2. 一種附支持片的膜狀燒成材料,其包含如申請專利範圍第1項所述之膜狀燒成材料、與設置在前述膜狀燒成材料的至少一側之支持片。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之附支持片的膜狀燒成材料,其中,前述支持片係在基材薄膜上設置有黏著劑層者, 在前述黏著劑層上,設置有前述膜狀燒成材料。
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