TW201716516A - 感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物及內包有其之感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料 - Google Patents
感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物及內包有其之感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料 Download PDFInfo
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- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本發明之課題在於提供一種有效地表現可將色彩互變地記憶保持之特性且於多種領域具有應用性之感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物及內包有其之感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料。本發明係一種感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物,其係包含(a)供電子性顯色性有機化合物、(b)電子接受性化合物、及(c)作為控制上述(a)成分及(b)成分之顯色反應之反應介質之下述式(1)所表示之酯化合物而成,□(式中,R表示碳數3至18之烷基、碳數6至11之環烷基烷基、碳數5至7之環烷基、碳數3至18之烯基之任一者,X分別獨立地表示氫原子、碳數1至4之烷基、碳數1至3之烷氧基、鹵素原子之任一者,Y分別獨立地表示氫原子、碳數1至4之烷基、甲氧基、乙氧基、鹵素原子之任一者)。
Description
本發明係關於一種感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物及內包有其之感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料。進而詳細而言,係關於一種藉由溫度變化而顯示出較大之遲滯特性而呈現出顯色與消色之可逆之變色,即便於將變色所需之熱或冷熱之應用去除後,亦可將著色狀態與消色狀態之任一者互變地且可逆地保持之感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物及內包有其之感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料。
關於此種感溫變色性色彩記憶性材料,本申請人先前已提出(例如參照專利文獻1至7)。
上述感溫變色性色彩記憶性材料係與如先前之可逆熱變色性材料般以變色溫度為界限於其前後發生變色,變色前後之兩種狀態中於常溫區域僅存在特定一者之狀態,另一者之狀態係於應用表現其狀態所需之熱或冷熱之期間維持,若熱或冷熱之應用消失則恢復為於常溫區域所呈現之狀態之類型相比,不僅可將與變色溫度相比低溫側之色與高溫側之色之任一者於常溫區域選擇性地保持,亦可視需要藉由應用熱或冷熱而互變地保持,從而應用於感溫記錄材料、玩具類、裝飾、印刷領域等各種領域。
[專利文獻1]日本專利特開2005-1369號公報
[專利文獻2]日本專利特開2006-137886號公報
[專利文獻3]日本專利特開2006-188660號公報
[專利文獻4]日本專利特開2008-280523號公報
[專利文獻5]國際公開第2010/131684號說明書
[專利文獻6]國際公開第2012/046837號說明書
[專利文獻7]國際公開第2014/200053號說明書
此種色彩記憶性效果係僅以應用控制顯色反應之選自酯、酮、醚等之化合物中之特定之化合物作為構成成分之系表現者。本發明之目的在於:對成為表現色彩記憶性效果之反應介質之化合物進行探究,提高反應介質之選擇之自由度,進而提高此種感溫變色性色彩記憶性材料之利用度。
本發明者發現:應用具有特定結構之化合物作為顯色反應之反應介質之系顯示出遲滯寬度(△H)較大之熱變色特性,表現出有效之色彩記憶性效果,從而完成本發明。
本發明係關於一種感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物,其係包含(a)供電子性顯色性有機化合物、(b)電子接受性化合物、及(c)作為控制上述(a)成分及上述(b)成分之顯色反應之反應介質之下述式(1)所表示之酯化合物而成。
[化1]
(式中,R表示碳數3至18之烷基、碳數6至11之環烷基烷基、碳數5至7之環烷基、碳數3至18之烯基之任一者,X分別獨立地表示氫原子、碳數1至4之烷基、碳數1至3之烷氧基、鹵素原子之任一者,Y分別獨立地表示氫原子、碳數1至4之烷基、甲氧基、乙氧基、鹵素原子之任一者)
又,本發明亦關於一種感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料,其係內包上述感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物而成。
進而,本發明亦關於一種墨水組合物,其係包含上述之微膠囊顏料、及媒劑而成。
本發明之感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物係產生顯色與消色之可逆之變色者,係於該可逆之變色時關於色濃度-溫度曲線顯示出較廣之遲滯寬度(△H)者。並且,可有效地表現如下特性:可將與變色溫度相比低溫側之色與高溫側之色之兩者互變地記憶保持,視需要藉由進行加熱或冷卻,可將任一種色可逆地再現而記憶保持。因此,根據本發明,提供於示溫、裝飾、玩具、或培訓要素等多種領域中具有應用性之感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物及內包有其之感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料。
T1‧‧‧完全顯色溫度
T2‧‧‧顯色開始溫度
T3‧‧‧消色開始溫度
T4‧‧‧完全消色溫度
TH‧‧‧T1與T2之中間之溫度
TG‧‧‧T3與T4之中間之溫度
△H‧‧‧遲滯寬度
圖1係說明本發明之感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物之色濃度-溫度曲線之遲滯特性之曲線圖。
以下,基於圖1之表示色濃度-溫度曲線之曲線圖,說明本發明之感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物及使用其之感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料(具有色彩記憶性之可逆熱變色性組合物及使用其之具有色彩記憶性之可逆熱變色性微膠囊顏料)之遲滯特性。
於圖1中,縱軸表示色濃度,橫軸表示溫度。受溫度變化影響之色濃度係沿著箭頭而發生變化。此處,A係表示達到完全消色狀態之溫度T4(以下,稱為完全消色溫度)下之濃度之點,B係表示可保持完全顯色狀態之溫度T3(以下,稱為消色開始溫度)下之濃度之點,C係表示可保持完全消色狀態之溫度T2(以下,稱為顯色開始溫度)下之濃度之點,D係表示達到完全顯色狀態之溫度T1(以下,稱為完全顯色溫度)下之濃度之點。
變色溫度區域係T1與T4間之溫度區域,T2與T3之間之溫度區域為實質變色溫度區域、即可保持著色狀態或消色狀態之任一種狀態之溫度區域。
具體而言,藉由將處於消色狀態之感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物冷卻至顯色開始溫度(T2)以下之溫度,可開始向顯色狀態之變化,藉由冷卻至完全顯色溫度(T1)以下之溫度,可成為完全之顯色狀態,只要不將感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物之溫度提高到消色開始溫度(T3),則可維持其狀態。
又,藉由對處於顯色狀態之感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物施加藉由摩擦等所產生之熱,而加熱至消色開始溫度(T3)以上之溫度,可開始向消色狀態之變化,藉由加熱至完全消色溫度(T4)以上之溫度,可成為完全之消色狀態,只要不將感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物之溫度降低至顯色開始溫度(T2),則可維持其狀態。
又,線段EF之長度係表示變色之對比度之尺度,線段HG之長度係表示遲滯之程度之溫度寬度(以下,稱為遲滯寬度,以△H表示),且
該△H值越大越容易保持變色前後之各狀態。可保持變色前後之各狀態之△H值為8℃以上,具體而言,為8℃至80℃之範圍。此處,作為T4與T3之差、或T2與T1之差之△t係表示變色之敏銳性之尺度,實用上較佳為1℃至15℃之範圍,更佳為1℃至10℃之範圍。
進而,為了使變色前後之兩種狀態中於常溫區域僅存在特定之一種狀態,完全消色溫度(T4)較佳為40℃以上,更佳為50℃以上,進而較佳為60℃以上,且顯色開始溫度(T2)較佳為0℃以下,更佳為-5℃以下,進而較佳為-10℃以下。
以下,對(a)、(b)、(c)之各成分具體地例示化合物。
本發明之(a)成分、即供電子性顯色性有機化合物係決定顏色之成分,係對作為顯色劑之(b)成分供與電子而進行顯色之化合物。
作為本發明之(a)成分、即供電子性顯色性有機化合物,可列舉:酞內酯化合物、熒烷化合物、苯乙烯喹啉化合物、二氮雜羅丹明內酯化合物、吡啶化合物、喹唑啉化合物、雙喹唑啉化合物等,該等中,較佳為酞內酯化合物及熒烷化合物。作為酞內酯化合物,例如可列舉:二苯基甲烷酞內酯化合物、苯基吲哚基酞內酯化合物、吲哚基酞內酯化合物、二苯基甲烷氮雜酞內酯化合物、苯基吲哚基氮雜酞內酯化合物、及其等之衍生物等,該等中,較佳為苯基吲哚基氮雜酞內酯化合物、及其等之衍生物。又,作為熒烷化合物,例如可列舉:胺基熒烷化合物、烷氧基熒烷化合物、及其等之衍生物。
以下,例示該等化合物。
3,3-雙(對二甲基胺基苯基)-6-二甲基胺基酞內酯、3-(4-二乙基胺基苯基)-3-(1-乙基-2-甲基吲哚-3-基)酞內酯、3,3-雙(1-正丁基-2-甲基吲哚-3-基)酞內酯、3,3-雙(2-乙氧基-4-二乙基胺基苯基)-4-氮雜酞內酯、3-(2-乙氧基-4-二乙基胺基苯基)-3-(1-乙基-2-甲基吲哚-3-基)-4-
氮雜酞內酯、3-(2-己氧基-4-二乙基胺基苯基)-3-(1-乙基-2-甲基吲哚-3-基)-4-氮雜酞內酯、3-[2-乙氧基-4-(N-乙基苯胺基)苯基]-3-(1-乙基-2-甲基吲哚-3-基)-4-氮雜酞內酯、3-(2-乙醯胺-4-二乙基胺基苯基)-3-(1-丙基吲哚-3-基)-4-氮雜酞內酯、3,6-雙(二苯基胺基)熒烷、3,6-二甲氧基熒烷、3,6-二正丁氧基熒烷、2-甲基-6-(N-乙基-N-對甲苯基胺基)熒烷、3-氯-6-環己基胺基熒烷、2-甲基-6-環己基胺基熒烷、2-(2-氯胺基)-6-二丁基胺基熒烷、2-(2-氯苯胺基)-6-二正丁基胺基熒烷、2-(3-三氟甲基苯胺基)-6-二乙基胺基熒烷、2-(3-三氟甲基苯胺基)-6-二戊基胺基熒烷、2-(二苄基胺基)-6-二乙基胺基熒烷、2-(N-甲基苯胺基)-6-(N-乙基-N-對甲苯基胺基)熒烷、1,3-二甲基-6-二乙基胺基熒烷、2-氯-3-甲基-6-二乙基胺基熒烷、2-苯胺基-3-甲基-6-二乙基胺基熒烷、2-苯胺基-3-甲氧基-6-二乙基胺基熒烷、2-苯胺基-3-甲基-6-二正丁基胺基熒烷、2-苯胺基-3-甲氧基-6-二正丁基胺基熒烷、2-茬胺基-3-甲基-6-二乙基胺基熒烷、
2-苯胺基-3-甲基-6-(N-乙基-N-對甲苯基胺基)熒烷、1,2-苯并-6-二乙基胺基熒烷、1,2-苯并-6-(N-乙基-N-異丁基胺基)熒烷、1,2-苯并-6-(N-乙基-N-異戊基胺基)熒烷、2-(3-甲氧基-4-十二烷氧基苯乙烯基)喹啉、螺[5H-(1)苯并吡喃并(2,3-d)嘧啶-5,1'(3'H)異苯并呋喃]-3'-酮,2-(二乙基胺基)-8-(二乙基胺基)-4-甲基、螺[5H-(1)苯并吡喃并(2,3-d)嘧啶-5,1'(3'H)異苯并呋喃]-3'-酮,2-(二正丁基胺基)-8-(二正丁基胺基)-4-甲基、螺[5H-(1)苯并吡喃并(2,3-d)嘧啶-5,1'(3'H)異苯并呋喃]-3'-酮,2-(二正丁基胺基)-8-(二乙基胺基)-4-甲基、螺[5H-(1)苯并吡喃并(2,3-d)嘧啶-5,1'(3'H)異苯并呋喃]-3'-酮,2-(二正丁基胺基)-8-(N-乙基-N-異戊基胺基)-4-甲基、螺[5H-(1)苯并吡喃并(2,3-d)嘧啶-5,1'(3'H)異苯并呋喃]-3'-酮,2-(二丁基胺基)-8-(二戊基胺基)-4-甲基、4,5,6,7-四氯-3-[4-(二甲基胺基)-2-甲氧基苯基]-3-(1-丁基-2-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-1(3H)-異苯并呋喃酮、4,5,6,7-四氯-3-[4-(二乙基胺基)-2-乙氧基苯基]-3-(1-乙基-2-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-1(3H)-異苯并呋喃酮、4,5,6,7-四氯-3-[4-(二乙基胺基)-2-乙氧基苯基]-3-(1-戊基-2-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-1(3H)-異苯并呋喃酮、4,5,6,7-四氯-3-[4-(二乙基胺基)-2-甲基苯基]-3-(1-乙基-2-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)-1(3H)-異苯并呋喃酮、3',6'-雙[苯基(2-甲基苯基)胺基]-螺[異苯并呋喃-1(3H),9'-[9H] ]-3-酮、3',6'-雙[苯基(3-甲基苯基)胺基]-螺[異苯并呋喃-1(3H),9'-[9H] ]-3-酮、3',6'-雙[苯基(3-乙基苯基)胺基]-螺[異苯并呋喃-1(3H),9'-[9H] ]-3-酮、2,6-雙(2'-乙氧基苯基)-4-(4'-二甲基胺基苯基)吡啶、2,6-雙(2',4'-二乙氧基苯基)-4-(4'-二甲基胺基苯基)吡啶、2-(4'-二甲基胺基苯基)-4-甲氧基-喹唑啉、4,4'-(伸乙二氧基)-雙[2-(4-二乙基胺基苯基)喹唑啉]。
再者,作為熒烷化合物,除於形成環之苯基上具有取代基之化合物以外,亦可為於形成環之苯基上具有取代基並且於形成內酯環之苯基上亦具有取代基(例如,甲基等烷基、氯基等鹵素原子)之呈現出藍色或黑色之化合物。
本發明之(b)成分、即電子接受性化合物係自(a)成分接收電子,作為(a)成分之顯色劑發揮功能之化合物。
作為電子接受性化合物,有選自具有活性質子之化合物群及其衍生物、假酸性化合物群(雖不為酸,但於組合物中作為酸發揮作用而使(a)成分顯色之化合物群)、具有電子空穴(electron hole)之化合物群等之化合物,該等中,較佳為選自具有活性質子之化合物群之化合物。
作為具有活性質子之化合物及其衍生物,例如可列舉:具有酚性羥基之化合物及其金屬鹽、羧酸及其金屬鹽,較佳可列舉:芳香族羧酸、碳數2~5之脂肪族羧酸及其等之金屬鹽、酸性磷酸酯及其金屬鹽、及唑系化合物及其衍生物、1,2,3-***及其衍生物,該等中,就可表現有效之熱變色特性之方面而言,較佳為具有酚性羥基之化合物。
具有酚性羥基之化合物廣泛包含單酚化合物至多酚化合物,於其中亦進而包含雙型、或三型酚等及酚-醛縮合樹脂等。具有酚性羥
基之化合物中,較佳為至少具有兩個以上苯環者、或具有雙羥基苯基硫醚結構者。又,該等化合物亦可具有取代基,作為取代基,可列舉:烷基、芳基、醯基、烷氧基羰基、羧基及其酯或醯胺基、鹵基等。作為具有酚性羥基之化合物,有單酚類至多酚類,進而作為其取代基,可列舉:具有烷基、芳基、醯基、烷氧基羰基、羧基及其酯或醯胺基、鹵基等者,及雙型、三型酚等、酚-醛縮合樹脂等。又,亦可為具有酚性羥基之化合物之金屬鹽。
作為包含具有活性質子之化合物之金屬鹽之金屬,例如可列舉:鈉、鉀、鈣、鋅、鋯、鋁、鎂、鎳、鈷、錫、銅、鐵、釩、鈦、鉛及鉬等。
作為具有酚性羥基之化合物之具體例,有苯酚、鄰甲酚、第三丁基鄰苯二酚、壬基苯酚、正辛基苯酚、正十二烷基苯酚、正硬脂基苯酚、對氯苯酚、對溴苯酚、鄰苯基苯酚、對羥基苯甲酸正丁酯、對羥基苯甲酸正辛酯、間苯二酚、沒食子酸十二烷基酯、4,4-二羥基二苯基碸、雙(4-羥基苯基)硫醚、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)乙烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)丙烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)正丁烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)正戊烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)正己烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)正庚烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)正辛烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)正壬烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)正癸烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)正十二烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)-2-甲基丙烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)-3-甲基丁烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)-3-甲基戊烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)-2,3-二甲基戊烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)-2-乙基丁烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)-2-乙基己烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)-3,7-二甲基辛烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)環己烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)-3,3,5-三甲基環己烷、1-苯基-1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)乙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)正丁烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)正戊烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)正己烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)正庚烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)
正辛烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)正壬烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)正癸烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)正十二烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)丙酸乙酯、2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)-4-甲基戊烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)-4-甲基己烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)六氟丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3-甲基苯基)丙烷、9,9-雙(4-羥基-3-甲基苯基)茀、1,1-雙[2-(4-羥基苯基)-2-丙基]苯、雙(2-羥基苯基)甲烷、1,1,1-三(4-羥基苯基)乙烷、3,3-雙(3-甲基-4-羥基苯基)丁烷等。
藉由應用特定之酯化合物作為本發明之(c)成分、即使基於上述(a)成分及(b)成分之電子授受反應於特定溫度區域可逆地產生的反應介質,可獲得各種變色溫度之感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物。
本發明中所使用之酯化合物係式(1):
所表示之化合物,可藉由將對羥基苯甲酸酯(對羥苯甲酸酯(paraben)類)之酚性羥基利用苯氧基乙基等進行醚化而獲得。
式中之R為碳數3至18之烷基、碳數6至11之環烷基烷基、碳數5至7之環烷基、碳數3至18之烯基之任一者,較佳為碳數6至16之烷基、碳數6至8之環烷基烷基、環己基,更佳為碳數6至14之烷基、環己基甲基。
式中之X為氫原子、碳數1至4之烷基、碳數1至3之烷氧基、或鹵素原子之任一者,較佳為氫原子、甲基、乙基、甲氧基、或乙氧基之任一者,更佳為氫原子、甲基、或甲氧基之任一者。各者之X可相同亦可不同。
式中之Y為氫原子、碳數1至4之烷基、甲氧基、乙氧基、或鹵素原子之任一者,較佳為氫原子、甲基、乙基、或甲氧基之任一者,更佳為氫原子、甲基、或甲氧基之任一者。各者之Y可相同亦可不同。
將式(1)所表示之酯化合物具體地例示於以下。
本發明之感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物藉由包含特定之酯化合物,而可達成與使用先前之酯化合物之組合物相同程度以上之廣泛之遲滯寬度,可選擇性地保持與變色溫度區域相比低溫側之色與高溫側之色之任一者之功能優異,於各種用途之應用性優異。
於包含式(1)所表示之化合物以外之化合物而成之情形時,其含量相對於(c)成分總質量,較佳為1~30質量份,更佳為2~25質量份,進而較佳為3~20質量份。
本發明之(a)、(b)、(c)成分之構成比率取決於濃度、變色溫度、變色形態或各成分之種類,但通常可獲得所需之特性之成分比係相對於(a)成分1,較佳為(b)成分0.1~50,更佳為0.5~20,進而較佳為2~20,較佳為(c)成分1~800,更佳為5~200,進而較佳為10~200之範圍(上述比率均為質量份)。
又,本發明之(a)、(b)、及(c)成分亦可為分別兩種以上之混合。本發明之(c)成分亦可為包含兩種以上滿足式(1)之化合物而成者。
又,上述(c)成分亦可與式(1)以外之酯、醇、羧酸、酮及醯胺等先前以來公知之使基於(a)成分及(b)成分之電子授受反應於特定溫度區域可逆地產生的反應介質組合而使用。
於本發明中,(a)、(b)、及(c)三成分亦可內包於微膠囊而形成感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料,藉由以膠囊膜壁進行保護,而即便與酸性物質、鹼性物質、過氧化物等化學上活性之物質或其他溶劑成分接觸,當然亦可不降低其功能,可提高耐熱穩定性。
進而於微膠囊顏料之表面,亦可根據目的設置二次性之樹脂被膜而賦予耐久性,或使表面特性進行改質而供於實用。
若微膠囊顏料之平均粒徑較小,則摻合於墨水組合物、塗料、或熱塑性樹脂中時,有改善分散穩定性或加工適性之傾向,又,藉由使顏料微粒子化,可使△H值相對於三成分之組合物之△H增大。另一方面,若平均粒徑較大,則有可表現出高濃度之顯色性之傾向。因此,微膠囊顏料之平均粒徑較佳為0.1~50μm,更佳為0.1~30μm,尤佳為0.5~20μm。藉由使微膠囊顏料之平均粒徑為該範圍,而提高實用性。
再者,粒徑、粒度分佈之測定可使用雷射繞射/散射式粒徑分佈測定裝置[堀場製作所股份有限公司製造之LA-300]進行測定,以該數值為基礎以體積基準算出平均粒徑(中值粒徑)。
構成微膠囊顏料之內包物與壁膜之構成比較佳為內包物:壁膜=7:1~1:1(質量比)之範圍,藉由該比率為上述範圍內,可防止顯色時之色濃度及清晰性之降低。更佳為內包物:壁膜=6:1~1:1(質量比)。
於微膠囊化之方法中,有先前以來公知之異氰酸酯系之界面聚合法、使用三聚氰胺-福馬林系等之原位(in Situ)聚合法、液中硬化被覆法、自水溶液之相分離法、自有機溶劑之相分離法、熔解分散冷卻
法、空氣懸浮被覆法、噴霧乾燥法等,可根據用途適宜選擇。
再者,於微膠囊顏料中,亦可調配通常之染料顏料(非熱變色性),呈現出自有色(1)至有色(2)之變色行為。
感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料藉由視需要分散於包含添加劑之媒劑中而製成墨水組合物,而可用於(i)用於網版印刷、膠版印刷、彩色印刷(process printing)、凹板印刷、塗佈機、軟布印刷等之印刷墨水;(ii)用於毛刷塗裝、噴霧塗裝、靜電塗裝、電鍍塗裝、淋塗、輥塗、浸漬塗裝等之塗料;(iii)馬克筆用、圓珠筆用、鋼筆用、毛筆用等書寫用具用墨水;或(iv)布具用墨水;(v)繪圖工具;(vi)化妝料;或(vii)纖維用著色液等感溫變色性色彩記憶性液狀組合物。
作為添加劑,可列舉:樹脂、交聯劑、硬化劑、乾燥劑、塑化劑、黏度調整劑、分散劑、紫外線吸收劑、紅外線吸收劑、抗氧化劑、光穩定劑、溶解助劑、防沈澱劑、平滑劑、膠化劑、消泡劑、消光劑、滲透劑、pH值調整劑、發泡劑、偶合劑、保濕劑、防黴劑、防腐劑、防銹劑等。
於將本發明之墨水組合物(以下,有時簡單地稱為「墨水」)用作書寫用具用墨水組合物之情形時,作為包含於其中之媒劑,可列舉:包含有機溶劑之油性媒劑、或水、及視需要包含有機溶劑之水性媒劑。
作為可用於本發明之有機溶劑,可列舉:乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、甘油、山梨糖醇、三乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、單乙醇胺、乙二醇、二乙二醇、硫代二乙二醇、聚乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、乙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單***、乙二醇單丁醚、二乙二醇單甲醚、二乙二醇單***、二乙二醇單丁醚、丙二醇單丁醚、乙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、環丁碸、2-吡咯啶酮、N-甲基-2-吡咯啶酮等。
作為墨水,可列舉:於媒劑中包含剪切減黏性賦予劑之剪切減
黏性墨水、於媒劑中包含水溶性高分子凝集劑而使顏料懸浮為緩和之凝集狀態之凝集性墨水。
藉由使墨水包含剪切減黏性賦予劑,可抑制顏料之凝集、沈澱,並且可抑制筆跡之滲散,故而可形成良好之筆跡。
進而,於將包含剪切減黏性賦予劑之墨水填充於圓珠筆之情形時,可防止不使用時之自圓珠與尖梢之間隙之墨水漏出,或可防止將書寫頂端部以朝上(直立狀態)放置之情形之墨水之逆流。
作為剪切減黏性賦予劑,可例示:三仙膠、文萊膠、構成單糖為葡萄糖與半乳糖之有機酸改質異元多糖體之琥珀醯聚糖(平均分子量約100萬至800萬)、瓜爾膠、刺槐豆膠及其衍生物、羥基乙基纖維素、海藻酸烷基酯類、以甲基丙烯酸之烷基酯為主成分之分子量10萬~15萬之聚合物、葡甘露聚醣、瓊脂或角叉菜膠等自海藻萃取之具有凝膠化功能之增黏多糖類、苯亞甲基山梨糖醇及苯亞甲基木糖醇或其等之衍生物、交聯性丙烯酸聚合物、無機質微粒子、聚甘油脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯、聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯烷基醚、聚氧丙烯烷基醚、聚氧乙烯烷基苯基醚、脂肪酸醯胺等HLB值為8~12之非離子系界面活性劑、二烷基或二烯基磺基琥珀酸之鹽類。N-烷基-2-吡咯啶酮與陰離子系界面活性劑之混合物、聚乙烯醇與丙烯酸系樹脂之混合物。
作為可用於本發明之水溶性高分子凝集劑,可列舉:聚乙烯吡咯啶酮、聚環氧乙烷、水溶性多糖類等。
作為水溶性多糖類,可列舉:黃耆膠、瓜爾膠、聚三葡萄糖、環糊精、水溶性纖維素衍生物等,作為水溶性纖維素衍生物之具體例,可列舉:甲基纖維素、羥基乙基纖維素、羥基丙基纖維素、羥基乙基甲基纖維素、羥基丙基甲基纖維素等。
藉由與高分子凝集劑一同,併用於側鏈具有羧基之櫛齒狀高分
子分散劑及有機氮硫化合物,可提高藉由上述高分子凝集劑之微膠囊顏料之緩和之凝集體之分散性。
作為於側鏈具有羧基之櫛齒狀高分子分散劑,只要為於側鏈具有複數個羧基之櫛齒狀高分子化合物,則並無特別限定,較佳為於側鏈具有複數個羧基之丙烯酸系高分子化合物,可例示:日本Lubrizol公司製造之商品名:Solsperse 43000。
有機氮硫化合物於將墨水填充於書寫用具等中而供於實用時,進一步抑制因振動導致之微膠囊顏料之沈澱。其係進一步提高將微膠囊顏料之緩和之凝集體藉由於側鏈具有羧基之櫛齒狀高分子分散劑進行分散之分散性者。
作為有機氮硫化合物,可使用選自噻唑系化合物、異噻唑系化合物、苯并噻唑系化合物、苯并異噻唑系化合物之化合物。
作為有機氮硫化合物,具體而言,可使用選自2-(4-噻唑基)-苯并咪唑(TBZ)、2-(硫氰酸酯基甲硫基)-1,3-苯并噻唑(TCMTB)、2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮、5-氯-2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮中之一種或兩種以上之化合物,較佳可使用選自2-(4-噻唑基)-苯并咪唑(TBZ)、2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮、5-氯-2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮中之一種或兩種以上之化合物。
作為有機氮硫化合物,可例示:Permachem Asia股份有限公司製造之商品名:Topside 88、Topside 133、Topside 170、Topside 220、Topside 288、Topside 300、Topside 400、Topside 500、Topside 600、Topside 700Z、Topside 800、Topside 950;北興產業股份有限公司製造之商品名:Hoxter HP、Hoxter E50A、Hoxid P200、Hoxid 6500、Hoxid 7400、Hoxid MC、Hoxid 369、Hoxid R-150。
再者,上述於側鏈具有羧基之櫛齒狀高分子分散劑、與有機氮硫化合物之質量比率較佳為1:1~1;10,更佳為1:1~1:5。藉由
滿足上述範圍,可充分表現微膠囊顏料之緩和之凝集體之分散性、及藉由振動之微膠囊顏料之沈澱抑制。
進而,藉由添加水溶性樹脂,可將筆跡於紙面之顏料黏著性或黏性賦予至墨水。該水溶性樹脂亦具有如下效果:於包含上述於側鏈具有羧基之櫛齒狀高分子分散劑與有機氮硫化合物之墨水中,進一步提高微膠囊顏料之穩定性。
作為水溶性樹脂,可列舉:醇酸樹脂、丙烯酸系樹脂、苯乙烯-順丁烯二酸共聚物、纖維素衍生物、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮、聚乙烯醇、糊精等,較佳可使用聚乙烯醇。
進而,於聚乙烯醇中,皂化度為70~89莫耳%之部分皂化度型聚乙烯醇即便墨水之pH值為酸性區域,亦富有可溶性,故而可更佳地使用。
作為水溶性樹脂之添加量,於墨水中於0.3~3.0質量%、較佳為0.5~1.5質量%之範圍進行添加。
又,於將墨水填充於圓珠筆中而使用情形時,較佳為添加油酸等高級脂肪酸、具有長鏈烷基之非離子性界面活性劑、聚醚改性聚矽氧油、硫代亞磷酸三(烷氧基羰基甲酯)或硫代亞磷酸三(烷氧基羰基乙酯)等硫代亞磷酸三酯、聚氧乙烯烷基醚或聚氧乙烯烷基芳基醚之磷酸單酯、聚氧乙烯烷基醚或聚氧乙烯烷基芳基醚之磷酸二酯、或其等之金屬鹽、銨鹽、胺鹽、烷醇胺鹽等潤滑劑而防止圓珠支撐座之磨耗。
進而,藉由含有2,5-二巰基-1,3,4-噻二唑及/或其鹽,而即便於墨水之pH值為酸性或鹼性區域,亦可抑制於一次冷凍之墨水再次解凍後所產生之微膠囊顏料之分散不良或凝集,可防止墨水之黏度之上升或伴隨其之筆跡模糊或淡色化,並且亦可於用於圓珠筆之情形時防止圓珠之腐蝕。
此外,視需要亦可添加:(i)丙烯酸系樹脂、苯乙烯-順丁烯二酸共聚物、纖維素衍生物、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮、聚乙烯醇、糊精等賦予於紙面之黏著性或黏性之樹脂;(ii)碳酸鈉、磷酸鈉、乙酸鈉等無機鹽類、水溶性之胺化合物等有機鹼性化合物等pH值調整劑;(iii)苯并***、甲苯并***、二環己基銨氮化物、二異丙基銨氮化物、皂苷等防銹劑;(iv)苯酚、1,2-苯并噻唑啉3-酮之鈉鹽、苯甲酸鈉、脫氫乙酸鈉、己二烯酸鉀、對羥苯甲酸丙酯、2,3,5,6-四氯-4-(甲基磺醯基)吡啶等防腐劑或防黴劑;(v)脲、非離子系界面活性劑、還原或非還原澱粉水解物、海藻糖等寡糖類、蔗糖、環糊精、葡萄糖、糊精、山梨糖醇、甘露糖醇、焦磷酸鈉等濕潤劑;(vi)消泡劑;(vii)分散劑;(viii)提高墨水之浸透性之氟系界面活性劑或非離子系之界面活性劑。
可含有相對於墨水之總質量,較佳為5~40質量%,更佳為10~40質量%,進而較佳為10~30質量%之感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料。藉由微膠囊顏料之含量為上述之範圍,可達成期望之顯色濃度,進而可防止墨水流出性之降低。
對於可收容本發明之墨水之書寫用具進行說明。於一實施形態中,書寫用具係具備收容墨水之軸筒及將軸筒內之墨水導出之筆身而成。作為筆身,可列舉:馬克筆身、圓珠筆身、毛筆筆身等。作為馬克筆身,可列舉:纖維尖梢、毛氈尖梢、塑膠尖梢等馬克尖梢。作為圓珠筆身,可列舉:圓珠筆尖梢。作為毛筆筆身,可列舉:將纖維相互於長度方向包紮為密接狀之纖維集束體、具有連續氣孔之塑膠多孔體、合成樹脂纖維之熱熔合或樹脂加工體、軟質性樹脂或彈性體之擠出成形加工體。
以下,對將本發明之墨水用於圓珠筆、或馬克筆之情形更詳細地說明。
於將本發明之墨水填充於圓珠筆之情形時,圓珠筆本身之結
構、形狀並無特別限定,例如可例示:具有於軸筒內填充有剪切減黏性墨水之墨水收容管,該墨水收容管係連通於將圓珠安裝於頂端部之圓珠筆尖梢,進而於收容管內之墨水之端面密接防逆流用之液閥的圓珠筆。
對圓珠筆尖梢更詳細地說明,可應用:於將金屬製之管之頂端附近自外表面向內側擠壓變形而成之圓珠抱持部抱持圓珠而成之尖梢、或於將金屬材料藉由利用鑽孔器等之切削加工所形成之圓珠抱持部抱持圓珠而成之尖梢、於金屬或塑膠製尖梢內部設有樹脂製之圓珠支撐座之尖梢、或將抱持於尖梢之圓珠藉由彈簧體而向前方彈推者等。
又,圓珠可使用以超硬合金、不鏽鋼、紅寶石、陶瓷、樹脂、橡膠等作為材料者,圓珠之直徑較佳為0.3~2.0mm,更佳為0.3~1.5mm,進而較佳為0.3~1.0mm。
收容墨水之墨水收容管例如可使用包含聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、尼龍等熱塑性樹脂之成形體、金屬製管狀體。
除了於墨水收容管直接連結尖梢以外,亦可經由連接構件而將墨水收容管與尖梢連結。
再者,上述墨水收容管可為以筆芯之形態將筆芯收容至樹脂製、金屬製等之軸筒內者,亦可為將於頂端部安裝有尖梢之軸筒本身作為墨水收容體而於上述軸筒內直接填充墨水。
圓珠筆可為具備覆蓋圓珠筆尖梢之筆蓋者,亦可為不具備筆蓋之伸縮式圓珠筆。
又,於將墨水收容於伸縮式之圓珠筆之情形時,伸縮式圓珠筆之結構、形狀並無特別限定,只要為使設置於圓珠筆筆芯之書寫頂端部於暴露於外部大氣之狀態下收納於軸筒內,藉由伸縮機構之作動而使書寫頂端部自軸筒開口部突出之結構,則可使用全部。
伸縮式圓珠筆例如可分類為按鈕式圓珠筆、旋轉式圓珠筆、滑動式圓珠筆等。
按鈕式圓珠筆可例示:於軸筒後端部或軸筒側面具有按鈕部,藉由該按鈕部之擠壓,而使圓珠筆尖梢自軸筒前端開口部進行伸縮之構成;或藉由將設置於軸筒之夾具部進行擠壓,而使圓珠筆尖梢自軸筒前端開口部進行伸縮之構成。
旋轉式圓珠筆可例示:於軸筒後部具有旋轉部,藉由使該旋轉部轉動而使圓珠筆尖梢自軸筒前端開口部進行伸縮之構成。
滑動式圓珠筆可例示:藉由於軸筒側面具有滑動部,並操作該滑動而使圓珠筆尖梢自軸筒前端開口部進行伸縮之構成;或藉由使設置於軸筒之夾具部滑動,而使圓珠筆尖梢自軸筒前端開口部進行伸縮之構成。
伸縮式圓珠筆亦可為於軸筒內收容有複數個圓珠筆筆芯而成,藉由伸縮機構之作動而使任一圓珠筆筆芯之書寫頂端部自軸筒前端開口部進行伸縮之複合類型之伸縮式圓珠筆。
通常於收容於墨水收容管之墨水之後端之端面填充防墨水逆流體。
防墨水逆流體組合物係包含非揮發性液體或難揮發性液體。具體而言,可列舉:凡士林、錠子油、蓖麻油、橄欖油、精製礦物油、液態石蠟、聚丁烯、α-烯烴、α-烯烴之低聚物或共低聚物、二甲基聚矽氧油、甲基苯基聚矽氧油、胺基改性聚矽氧油、聚醚改性聚矽氧油、脂肪酸改性聚矽氧油等,亦可併用一種或兩種以上。
非揮發性液體及/或難揮發性液體較佳為添加增黏劑而增黏為較佳之黏度,作為增黏劑,可列舉:對表面進行過疏水處理之二氧化矽、對表面進行過甲基化處理之微粒子二氧化矽、矽酸鋁、膨潤性雲母、實施過疏水處理之膨潤土或蒙脫石等黏土系增黏劑、硬脂酸鎂、
硬脂酸鈣、硬脂酸鋁、硬脂酸鋅等脂肪酸金屬皂、三苯亞甲基山梨糖醇、脂肪酸醯胺、醯胺改性聚乙烯蠟、氫化蓖麻油、脂肪酸糊精等糊精系化合物、纖維素系化合物等。
進而,亦可併用液狀之防墨水逆流體、與固體之防墨水逆流體。
於將本發明之墨水組合物填充於馬克筆之情形時,馬克筆本身之結構、形狀並無特別限定,例如可例示:於軸筒內內置包含纖維集束體之墨水吸藏體,將包含形成有毛細間隙之纖維加工體之馬克筆尖梢直接或經由中繼構件而安裝於軸筒而成,於將墨水吸藏體與尖梢連結而成之馬克筆之墨水吸藏體中含浸有凝集性墨水之馬克筆;或經由藉由尖梢之擠壓而打開之閥體而配置尖梢與墨水收容管,於墨水收容管內直接收容有墨水之馬克筆等。
尖梢係纖維之樹脂加工體、熱熔融性纖維之熔合加工體、毛氈體等選自先前以來通用之氣孔率為大概30~70%之範圍之連通氣孔之多孔質構件,將一端加工為炮彈形狀、長方形狀、刀刃形狀等根據目的之形狀而供於實用。
墨水吸藏體係使捲縮狀纖維於長度方向上集束而成者,且存在於塑膠筒體或膜等被覆體之內,氣孔率調整為大概40~90%之範圍而構成。
又,閥體可使用先前以來通用之抽運式形態,但較佳為設定為可藉由筆壓而擠壓打開之彈簧壓力者。
進而,圓珠筆或馬克筆之形態並不限於上述者,亦可為安裝形態不同之尖梢,或安裝將色調不同之墨水導出之筆尖之雙頭式書寫用具。
再者,使用收容有本發明之墨水之書寫用具於被書寫面進行書寫所獲得之筆跡可藉由加熱工具或冷卻工具而發生變色。
作為加熱工具,可列舉:具備電阻發熱體之通電加熱變色工具、填充有溫水等之加熱變色工具、電吹風之應用,較佳為使用摩擦構件作為可藉由簡便之方法而變色之方法。尤佳為於摩擦時實質上不磨耗之彈性體。
作為摩擦構件,較佳為富有彈性感,可於摩擦時產生適度之摩擦而發生摩擦熱之彈性體、塑膠發泡體等彈性體。
再者,亦可使用用以消除藉由鉛筆之筆跡之通常之橡皮而將筆跡摩擦,但由於在摩擦時產生橡皮屑,故而可較佳地使用幾乎不產生橡皮屑之上述之摩擦構件。
作為摩擦構件之材質,可使用聚矽氧樹脂或SEBS樹脂(苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物)、聚酯系樹脂等。
摩擦構件亦可將書寫用具與另一任意形狀之構件(摩擦體)組合而獲得書寫用具組合,但藉由於書寫用具設置摩擦構件,而攜帶性優異。
於具備筆蓋之書寫用具之情形時,設置摩擦構件之部位並無特別限定,例如可將筆蓋本身藉由摩擦構件而形成,或將軸筒本身藉由摩擦構件而形成,或於設置夾具之情形時將夾具本身藉由摩擦構件而形成,或於筆蓋頂端部(頂部)或軸筒後端部(不設置書寫頂端部之部分)設置摩擦構件。
於伸縮式之書寫用具之情形時,設置摩擦構件之部位並無特別限定,例如可將軸筒本身藉由摩擦構件而形成,或於設置夾具之情形時將夾具本身藉由摩擦構件而形成,或於軸筒開口部附近、軸筒後端部(不設置書寫頂端部之部分)或按鈕部設置摩擦構件。
作為冷卻具,可列舉:利用帕爾貼元件之冷熱變色工具、填充有冷水、冰片等冷媒之冷熱變色工具、冷藏室或冷凍室之應用。
於將感溫變色性色彩記憶性液狀組合物進行塗佈或印刷之情形
時,支持體之材質並不特定,均有效,可例示:紙、合成紙、纖維、布帛、合成皮革、皮革、塑膠、玻璃、陶磁材料、金屬、木材、石材等,並不限於平面狀,亦可為凹凸狀。
於支持體上,設置包含感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物之可逆熱變色層而獲得積層體(印刷物)。
關於支持體上預先形成有非熱變色性著色層(包含圖像)者,可藉由溫度變化而使著色層藉由可逆熱變色層進行隱藏出現,可使變化之樣態進而多樣化。
進而,感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料亦可熔融摻合於熱塑性樹脂、熱硬化性樹脂、蠟類等中而以顆粒、粉末、或糊劑形態用作感溫變色性色彩記憶性成形用樹脂組合物,藉由通用之射出成形、擠出成形、吹塑成形、或澆鑄成形等方法,可獲得任意形象之立體造形物、膜、片、板、長絲、棒狀物、管等形態之成形體。
又,亦可熔融摻合於熱塑性樹脂或蠟類中而獲得蠟筆。
再者,亦可於液狀組合物或樹脂組合物中,調配通常之染顏料(非熱變色性),而呈現出自有色(1)至有色(2)之變色行為。
亦可藉由於積層體、或使用樹脂組合物而成形之成形體上,積層包含光穩定劑及/或透明性金屬光澤顏料之層,而提高耐光性,或設置面塗層而提高耐久性。
作為光穩定劑,可例示:紫外線吸收劑、抗氧化劑、單線態氧淬滅劑、超氧化陰離子淬滅劑、臭氧淬滅劑。
作為透明性金屬光澤顏料,可例示:作為芯物質之天然雲母、合成雲母、玻璃片、氧化鋁、使透明性膜片之表面被氧化鈦等金屬氧化物被覆而成之顏料。
作為使用感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物及內包有其之感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料及墨水之製品,具體而言,可例示以下者。
(1)玩具類人偶或動物形象玩具、人偶或動物形象玩具用毛髮、人偶之家或傢俱、衣類、帽子、提包、及鞋等人偶用附件、飾品玩具、布製玩偶、繪圖玩具、玩具用繪本、拼板玩具等拼圖玩具、積木玩具、方塊玩具、黏土玩具、流動玩具、陀螺、風箏、樂器玩具、料理玩具、槍玩具、捕獲玩具、背景玩具及以交通工具、動物、植物、建築物、及食品等為模型之玩具等;(2)衣類T恤、訓練服、襯衫、女禮服、游泳衣、雨衣、及滑雪服裝等衣服、鞋或鞋帶等鞋、手帕、毛巾、及包袱等布製身邊衣物品、手套、領帶、帽子等;(3)屋內裝飾品毛毯、窗簾、窗簾繩、桌布、地毯、坐墊、鏡框、人造花、相框等;(4)傢俱被褥、枕頭、床墊等寢具、照明器具及冷暖氣設備器具等;(5)裝飾品戒指、手鐲、頭飾、耳環、髮夾、人工指甲、絲帶、及方巾等、鐘、眼鏡等;(6)文具類書寫用具、圖章工具、橡皮、底墊、規尺、膠帶等;(7)日用品口紅、眼影、指甲油、染髮劑、人工指甲、人工指甲用塗料等化妝品、牙刷等;(8)廚房用品杯子、盤子、筷子、湯匙、叉子、鍋、煎鍋等;
(9)其他日曆、標籤條、卡片、記錄材料、及防偽造用之各種印刷物、繪本等書籍、提包、包裝用容器、刺繡線、運動用具、釣魚用具、杯托、樂器、懷爐、蓄冷劑、錢包等袋狀物、傘、交通工具、建造物、溫度檢測用指示劑、及培訓用具等。
以下表示本發明之實施例,但本發明並不限定於此。
對各實施例之感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物及內包有其之微膠囊顏料之製造方法、與感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物及微膠囊顏料之受溫度變化影響之遲滯特性之測定方法進行說明。
再者,實施例中之份表示質量份。
實施例1
感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物之製備方法
將包含作為(a)成分之2-(2-氯苯胺基)-6-二正丁基胺基熒烷1份、作為(b)成分之2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)六氟丙烷2份、及作為(c)成分之對羥基苯甲酸壬酯之苯氧基***(化合物4)50份之三種成分混合,並加溫而使其均質地溶解而獲得感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物。
該感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物係由黑色變色為無色者。
測定試樣之製作
將感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物於內徑1mm、長度78mm之透明玻璃製之毛細管中,封入至距離毛細管底部約10mm之高度,獲得測定試樣。
變色溫度之測定
將測定試樣之封入有感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物之整個部分浸漬於透明熱介質中,一面使透明熱介質之溫度發生變化,一面以目視觀察感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物之變色狀態,測定T1(完全顯色
溫度)、T2(顯色開始溫度)、T3(消色開始溫度)、T4(完全消色溫度),求出TH[T1與T2之中間之溫度(T1+T2)/2]、TG[T3與T4之中間之溫度(T3+T4)/2]、△H(遲滯寬度TG-TH)。
實施例1之感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物係顯示出T1:15℃、T2:19℃、T3:42℃、T4:52℃、TH:17℃、TG:47℃、△H:30℃之遲滯特性。
實施例2~4
將以下之表中所記載之感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物之(a)成分、(c)成分進行變更,除此以外,以與實施例1相同之方法,製備實施例2~4之感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物,與實施例1同樣地測定變色溫度。
表中之(a)成分之P係2-(2-氯苯胺基)-6-二正丁基胺基熒烷,Q係1,2-苯并-6-(N-乙基-N-異戊基胺基)熒烷,R係3-(2-乙氧基-4-二乙基胺基苯基)-3-(1-乙基-2-甲基吲哚-3-基)-4-氮雜酞內酯。又,表中,調配量之單位係質量份。
將實施例1~4之感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物之顏色變化、T1、
T2、T3、T4、TH、TG、△H之值示於以下之表。
實施例5
感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料之製備方法
將包含作為(a)成分之3-(2-乙氧基-4-二乙基胺基苯基)-3-(1-乙基-2-甲基吲哚-3-基)-4-氮雜酞內酯1份、作為(b)成分之2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)六氟丙烷5份、作為(c)成分之對羥基苯甲酸壬酯之苯氧基***(化合物4)50份及硬脂酸對甲基苄酯3份之感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物進行混合,均勻地加溫溶解,進而將使作為壁膜材料之芳香族多元異氰酸酯預聚物20份、乙酸乙酯40份混合而成之溶液投入至15%明膠水溶液100份中,以成為微滴之方式乳化分散。
將分散液於70℃下繼續攪拌約1小時後,一面攪拌一面緩緩地添加使水溶性胺化合物(三菱化學股份有限公司製造,商品名:jER CURE U,環氧樹脂之胺加成物)2份溶解於水23份中而成之水溶液,進而將液溫保持為90℃並繼續攪拌約3小時而獲得感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料之懸浮液。
藉由離心分離而將感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料自微膠囊顏料之懸浮液單離,獲得自藍色變色為無色之感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料(平均粒徑2.2μm)。
測定試樣之製作
將感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料40份均勻地分散於包含乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯樹脂乳膠50份、調平劑1份、消泡劑1份、黏度調整劑0.5份、水7.5份之水性墨水媒劑中而製備感溫變色性色彩記憶性墨水。利用該墨水於道林紙將實體圖案進行網版印刷而獲得測定試樣。
遲滯特性之測定
將測定試樣安裝於色差計(TC-3600型色差計,東京電色股份有限公司製造)之測定部分,將試樣部分以10℃/分鐘之速度進行升溫、降溫,測定作為各溫度下之色濃度之亮度值,製作色濃度-溫度曲線。
根據色濃度-溫度曲線,求出T1、T2、T3、T4、TH[T1與T2之中間之溫度(T1+T2)/2]、TG[T3與T4之中間之溫度(T3+T4)/2]、△H(遲滯寬度TG-TH)。
感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料係顯示出T1:-19℃、T2:-9℃、T3:40℃、T4:54℃、TH:-14℃、TG:47℃、△H:61℃之遲滯特性。
實施例6
將內包於微膠囊之感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物之(c)成分自對羥基苯甲酸壬酯之苯氧基***(化合物4)50份及硬脂酸對甲基苄酯3份,變更為對羥基苯甲酸十一烷基酯之苯氧基***(化合物6)50份,除此以外,以與實施例5相同之方式製備感溫變色性微膠囊顏料,獲得由藍色變色為無色之感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料(平均粒徑1.8μm)。
以與實施例5同樣之方式測定遲滯特性,結果感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料顯示出T1:-24℃、T2:-6℃、T3:48℃、T4:58℃、TH:-15℃、TG:53℃、△H:68℃之遲滯特性。
應用例1
將實施例6中所製備之感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料27份(預先冷卻為-24℃以下而顯色為藍色者)均勻地分散於包含琥珀醯聚糖(剪切減黏性賦予劑)0.3份、糖混合物[三和澱粉工業股份有限公司製造,商品名:Sundek 70]3.0份、磷酸酯系界面活性劑0.5份、防黴劑0.1份、三乙醇胺1.0份、水68.1份之媒劑中而製備感溫變色性色彩記憶性液狀組合物(書寫用具用墨水)。
書寫用具之製作
將墨水抽吸填充於包含聚丙烯製管之墨水收容管中,經由樹脂製支架而與頂端抱持有0.5mm不鏽鋼圓珠之圓珠筆尖梢連結。
繼而,自聚丙烯製管之後端,填充以聚丁烯作為主成分之具有黏彈性之防墨水逆流體(液閥)而獲得圓珠筆筆芯。
將圓珠筆筆芯安裝於軸筒內,獲得書寫用具(伸縮式圓珠筆)。
再者,書寫用具係將設置於圓珠筆筆芯之尖梢於暴露於外部大氣之狀態下收納於軸筒內,藉由設置於軸筒側面之夾具形狀之伸縮機構(滑動機構)之作動而使尖梢自軸筒前端開口部突出之結構。
再者,於軸筒後端部,設置SEBS樹脂製之摩擦構件而成。
藉由伸縮機構之作動而於使圓珠筆尖梢之頂端自軸筒前端開口部進行伸縮之狀態下於紙面進行書寫而形成藍色之文字(筆跡)。
筆跡若使用設置於軸筒後端部之SEBS樹脂製之摩擦構件進行摩擦,則該文字消色而成為無色,該狀態可於室溫下維持。
再者,若將消色後之紙面放入至冷凍室而冷卻為-24℃以下之溫度,則再次顯示文字成為藍色之變色行為,該行為可重複再現。
應用例2
使實施例5中所製備之感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料27份(預先冷卻為-19℃以下而顯色為藍色者)均勻地分散於包含三仙膠(剪切減黏性賦予劑)0.33份、脲10.0份、甘油10份、非離子系界面活性劑0.6
份、改性聚矽氧系消泡劑0.1份、防黴劑0.2份、水51.77份之水性墨水媒劑中而製備感溫變色性色彩記憶性液狀組合物(書寫用具用墨水)。
書寫用具之製作
將墨水抽吸填充於聚丙烯製管,經由樹脂製支架而與頂端抱持有0.5mm不鏽鋼圓珠之圓珠筆尖梢連結。
繼而,自聚丙烯製管之後端,填充以聚丁烯為主成分之具有黏彈性之防墨水逆流體(液閥),進而使尾閥嵌合於管之後部,安裝前軸筒、後軸筒,將蓋嵌入後,藉由離心分離而進行排氣處理,獲得書寫用具(圓珠筆)。
再者,於後軸筒後部安裝作為摩擦體之SEBS製橡膠而成。
使用書寫用具於紙面進行書寫而形成藍色之文字(筆跡)。
筆跡係於室溫(25℃)下呈現出藍色,若使用摩擦體將文字摩擦,則該文字消色而成為無色,該狀態可於室溫下維持。
再者,若將消色後之紙面放入至冷凍室而冷卻為-19℃以下之溫度,則再次顯示文字成為藍色之變色行為,該行為可重複再現。
應用例3
將實施例6中所製備之感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料25份(預先冷卻至-24℃以下而顯色為藍色者)、羥基乙基纖維素0.5份、櫛齒狀高分子分散劑[日本Lubrizol股份有限公司製造,商品名:Solsperse 43000]0.2份、有機氮硫化合物[北興化學工業股份有限公司製造,商品名:Hoxid R-150,2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮與5-氯-2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮之混合物]1.0份、聚乙烯醇0.5份、甘油25.0份、消泡劑0.02份、水47.78份進行混合而獲得感溫變色性色彩記憶性液狀組合物(書寫用具用墨水)。
中間填塞式書寫用具之製作
於使聚酯纖維束由合成樹脂膜被覆而成之墨水吸藏體內含浸墨
水組合物,收容於包含聚丙烯樹脂之軸筒內,經由支架而於軸筒頂端部與聚酯纖維之樹脂加工筆身(炮彈型)組裝成連接狀態,安裝筆蓋而獲得書寫用具(馬克筆)。
於軸筒後端部安裝作為摩擦構件之SEBS樹脂而成。
使用書寫用具於紙面進行書寫而形成藍色之文字(筆跡)。
筆跡係於室溫(25℃)下呈現出藍色,若使用摩擦體將文字摩擦,則該文字消色而成為無色,該狀態可於室溫下維持。
再者,若將消色後之紙面放入至冷凍室而冷卻至-24℃以下之溫度,則再次顯示文字成為藍色之變色行為,該行為可重複再現。
應用例4
將實施例6中所製備之感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料2.5份及非熱變色性螢光粉色顏料1.5份均勻地分散於包含氯乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚合樹脂12.5份、二甲苯38.3份、乙酸丁酯45份、黏度調整劑0.2份之油性墨水媒劑中而製備感溫變色性色彩記憶性液狀組合物(塗料)。
將塗料冷卻至-24℃以下之溫度而變色為紫色後,對家庭用電線之插頭部分(白色)進行噴霧塗裝而設置可逆熱變色層,獲得感溫變色性色彩記憶性插頭。
插頭於室溫(25℃)下呈現紫色,但藉由加溫而於58℃以上之溫度下成為粉色。若自該變色狀態進行冷卻,則於-24℃以下之溫度再次成為紫色。
若感溫變色性色彩記憶性插頭於58℃以上之溫度下成為粉色,則只要不冷卻至-24℃以下之溫度,則可保持粉色之變色狀態,故而插頭成為異常過熱狀態,可藉由目視而檢測達到58℃以上之高溫區域之情形之溫度歷程。
應用例5
將實施例5中所製備之感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料(預先冷
卻為-19℃以下而顯色為藍色者)30份均勻地分散於包含丙烯酸系樹脂乳膠(固形物成分45%)60份、黏度調整劑1份、消泡劑0.2份、水8.8份之水性墨水媒劑中而製備感溫變色性色彩記憶性液狀組合物(印刷墨水)。
於白布之T恤(棉製)上,使用墨水並利用100網格之網版將大量之星星之圖案進行網版印刷而獲得感溫變色性色彩記憶性T恤。
於室溫(25℃)下於T恤表面視認到大量之藍色之星星圖案,雖然於體溫或環境溫度下不變化,但若加熱至54℃以上,則星星圖案部分成為無色,若冷卻至-19℃以下,則再次視認到藍色之星星圖案。
可將T恤表面之星星圖案之一部分利用藉由熨斗等之加溫而使其消色,形成使僅任意之星星圖案消色之圖案,或利用星星圖案形成文字或圖案,使T恤之圖案任意地變化。又,可將其變色狀態於室溫溫度區域保持,可使整體加溫至54℃以上而使星星圖案部分進行整個面消色後,冷卻至-19℃以下而使星星圖案再次顯色。
應用例6
將實施例6中所製備之感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料5份、分散劑1份、非熱變色性粉色顏料0.1份、聚丙烯均聚物93.9份藉由擠壓機於180℃下進行熔融混合而獲得感溫變色性色彩記憶性成形用樹脂組合物(顆粒)。
使用所獲得之顆粒,藉由射出成形機而於缸體溫度180℃下將塑膠杯成形。
該杯若冷卻為-24℃以下則成為紫色,即便於室溫下(25℃)放置亦呈現紫色,但注入58℃以上之飲料,則加入飲料之部位成為粉色。
將飲料去除,冷卻至-24℃以下,結果變色為粉色之部位再次成為紫色。
應用例7
將實施例5中所製備之感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料20份(預先冷卻至-19℃以下而顯色為藍色者)均勻地分散於包含丙烯酸系樹脂乳膠(固形物成分40%)78.0份、消泡劑2.0份之水性墨水媒劑中而製備感溫變色性色彩記憶性液狀組合物(印刷墨水)。
於在道林紙上使用非熱變色性墨水所印刷之商品券上,使用感溫變色性色彩記憶性墨水並藉由凹版印刷而印刷偽造識別標記。偽造識別標記係於室溫(25℃)下呈現出藍色,於體溫或環境溫度下不發生色變化,但若加熱至54℃以上,則成為無色,若冷卻至-19℃以下,則再次成為藍色。
由於商品券之偽造識別標記係於室溫溫度區域呈現藍色而不發生色變化,故而無法識別為偽造識別標記,但若加熱至54℃以上,則成為無色,故而具有防偽造功能。
T1‧‧‧完全顯色溫度
T2‧‧‧顯色開始溫度
T3‧‧‧消色開始溫度
T4‧‧‧完全消色溫度
TH‧‧‧T1與T2之中間之溫度
TG‧‧‧T3與T4之中間之溫度
△H‧‧‧遲滯寬度
Claims (10)
- 一種感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物,其特徵在於:其係包含(a)供電子性顯色性有機化合物、(b)電子接受性化合物、及(c)作為控制上述(a)成分及(b)成分之顯色反應之反應介質之下述式(1)所表示之酯化合物而成,
- 如請求項1之組合物,其中於上述式(1)所表示之酯化合物中,R表示碳數6至16之烷基、碳數6至8之環烷基烷基、環己基,更佳為表示碳數6至14之烷基、環己基甲基之任一者,X表示氫原子、甲基、乙基、甲氧基、或乙氧基之任一者,Y為氫原子、甲基、乙基、或甲氧基之任一者。
- 如請求項1或2之組合物,其中上述(a)成分為選自由酞內酯化合物、熒烷化合物、苯乙烯喹啉化合物、二氮雜羅丹明內酯化合物、吡啶化合物、喹唑啉化合物、雙喹唑啉化合物所組成之群之化合物。
- 如請求項1或2之組合物,其中上述成分(b)及上述成分(c)之構成比以質量基準計相對於上述成分(a)1份,分別為0.1~50份、及1~800份。
- 如請求項1或2之組合物,其中遲滯寬度△H為8℃至80℃。
- 一種感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料,其特徵在於:其係內包如請求項1至5中任一項之感溫變色性色彩記憶性組合物而成。
- 一種墨水組合物,其特徵在於:其係包含如請求項6之微膠囊顏料、及媒劑而成。
- 如請求項7之墨水組合物,其中上述感溫變色性色彩記憶性微膠囊顏料之含量相對於上述墨水組合物之總質量為5~40質量%。
- 一種書寫用具,其特徵在於:其係具備收容有如請求項7或8之墨水組合物之軸筒及將上述軸筒內之上述墨水組合物導出之筆身而成。
- 如請求項9之書寫用具,其係進而具備摩擦構件而成。
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