TW201029479A - Thermoacoustic device - Google Patents
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201029479 六、發明說明： * 【發明所屬之技術領域】 _ 本發明涉及一種發聲裝置，尤其涉及一種熱致發聲裝置。 【先前技術】 發聲裝置一般由信號輸入裝置和發聲元件組成。通過信號輸 入裝置輸入信號到發聲元件，進而使發聲元件發出聲音。先前技 術中的發聲裝置中採用的發聲元件的發聲原理爲“電力聲，，之 轉換，即通過産生機械振動推動周圍的空氣，使空氣介質産生波 ❹動從*發&聲音。這種麟元件結槪紐雜。鱗决先前的發 聲元件結構複雜、體積較大的問題，人們不斷研發新型的發聲元 件。 早在二十世紀初，即有人提出了一種基於熱致發聲原理的熱 致發聲元件的構想’請參見文獻“therm〇ph〇ne as a precision source of sounds H. D. Arnold, I. B. CrandaU, Phys. Rev. 10, 22-38 (1917)’其利用一極薄的鉑片作爲熱致發聲元件，將一交流音頻電 籲^號輸入該熱致發聲元件中。由於該麵片具有較小的單位面積熱 谷’該始片可將其内部産生的熱量迅速傳導給周圍介質。故，在 θ頻電<§號的侧下’該糾可迅速升降溫，並和周圍介質迅速 發生熱父換’周圍介質的密度亦隨之發生變化，進而通過介質分 子運動發出聲波’即It熱致發聲元件的發聲原理爲“電-熱-聲，，的 轉換。然而，受材料的限制’該触發聲元件發出的聲音非常微 弱’很難被人耳直親到’且縣鮮制鮮，距實際應用較 遠。 2〇〇8年1G月29日范守善等人公開了另—種熱致發聲元件， 201029479 請參見文獻 Flexible，Stretchable, Tmnsparent Carbon Nanotube201029479 VI. Description of the invention: * [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a sound emitting device, and more particularly to a thermally sound generating device. [Prior Art] The sounding device is generally composed of a signal input device and a sounding element. The signal is input to the sounding element through the signal input device, thereby causing the sounding element to emit sound. The sounding principle of the sounding element used in the sounding device of the prior art is "electrical sound, the conversion, that is, by generating mechanical vibration to push the surrounding air, causing the air medium to generate waves from the *hair & sound. The components of the previous sounding components are complex and bulky, and people continue to develop new types of sounding components. As early as the beginning of the twentieth century, a thermoacoustic sound based on the principle of thermal vocalization was proposed. The concept of the component 'see the literature 'therm〇ph〇ne as a precision source of sounds HD Arnold, IB CrandaU, Phys. Rev. 10, 22-38 (1917) 'It uses a very thin platinum sheet as a heat-induced sound The component inputs an AC audio signal into the thermo-acoustic component. Since the dough sheet has a small heat per unit area, the original sheet can rapidly transfer heat generated inside it to the surrounding medium. Therefore, under the side of the θ frequency <§ number, the correction can quickly rise and fall, and the heat of the surrounding medium rapidly changes with the surrounding medium. The density of the surrounding medium also changes, and then the sound wave is emitted through the movement of the medium molecule. The principle of the sound of the thermo-acoustic component is "electric-thermal-acoustic," conversion. However, due to the limitation of the material, the sound emitted by the triggering acoustic element is very weak, which is difficult to be heard by the human ear. Fresh, far from the actual application. 2〇〇8年1G月29日范守善 and others disclosed another kind of thermo-acoustic component, 201029479 See literature Flexible, Stretchable, Tmnsparent Carbon Nanotube
Thin Film Loudspeakers » Fan et al., Nano Letters, Vol.8 (12), 4539-4545 (2008)。該熱致發聲元件爲一奈米碳管膜，由於該奈米 碳管膜具有極大的比表面積及極小的單位面積熱容，該熱致發聲 元件可發出人耳能够聽到的强度的聲音，且具有較寬的發聲頻率 範圍，有望代替先前的電動式熱致發聲元件實際應用。 范守善等人將S個雜設置於奈米碳管_表面，發現電極Thin Film Loudspeakers » Fan et al., Nano Letters, Vol. 8 (12), 4539-4545 (2008). The thermoacoustic element is a carbon nanotube film. Since the carbon nanotube film has a large specific surface area and a small heat capacity per unit area, the thermoacoustic element can emit a sound that can be heard by the human ear, and With a wide range of audible frequencies, it is expected to replace the practical application of the previous electric thermoacoustic components. Fan Shoushan et al. placed S impurities on the surface of the carbon nanotubes and found the electrodes.
之間的奈米碳管膜豸入-經功率放A器放大的音頻電信號後可以 發聲。 然，若考慮到實際應用，該熱致發聲裝置應工作於安全電壓 下。然而’該文獻鋪露了實驗室條件下可實現熱致發聲元件的 發聲，並未涉及安全電制題如何保證献發聲元件在安全電 壓下能够正常發聲工作㈣實現熱致發聲裝置贿品化要解决的 一個問題。 【發明内容】 有鐾於此，提供-種在工作電壓下正常工作，且該工作電壓 滿足安全電壓鮮，絲實際_的熱致發聲裝置實為必要。 ^125Ω » -種熱致發聲裝置’其包括—熱致發聲元件，多個相互電連 接的第1極；及多個相互電連接的第二電極，該多個第 及多個第二電極間陳置於雜致發聲树表面且分 發聲元件電連接，該多個第—電極與多㈣二電極相互域 替設置，相鄰的第—電極與第二電極之間的間距相等，雜致發 聲裝置的X工作電壓小於50_，且滿足以下條件 .、，、 (n-If 5 201029479The carbon nanotube film in between can be audible after being amplified by the power amplifier. However, the thermal-sounding device should operate at a safe voltage if practical applications are considered. However, the literature reveals that the sound of thermoacoustic components can be realized under laboratory conditions, and does not involve how to ensure that the sound components can be sounded normally under safe voltage. (4) To achieve the heat-induced sounding device A problem solved. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of this, it is necessary to provide a thermo-acoustic device that operates normally under a working voltage and that has a working voltage that satisfies a safe voltage. ^125 Ω » a thermal sound generating device comprising: a thermo-acoustic element, a plurality of first poles electrically connected to each other; and a plurality of second electrodes electrically connected to each other, between the plurality of second and second electrodes The film is placed on the surface of the audible tree and the acoustic elements are electrically connected. The plurality of first electrodes and the plurality of (four) electrodes are arranged alternately, and the spacing between the adjacent first and second electrodes is equal, and the sound is audible. The X operating voltage of the device is less than 50_, and the following conditions are met.,,, (n-If 5 201029479
其中’ η表$料-電極和第二電_缝量 致發聲元件在第-電極至第二電極方向上的電阻。丁 I 接㈣種ί致發聲I置’其包括—熱致發聲元件，多個相互電連 極’及多個相互電連接的第二電極，該多個第-電極 隔設置於該熱致發聲元件表面且分別與該熱致 該熱致發聲元件包括至少—層奈米碳管膜，該 二米括多個沿第—電極至第二電極方向延伸的奈米碳 ^其中’該多個第一電極與多個第二電極相互平行且交替設置， 相:的第-電極與第二電極之間的間距相 工作電壓,1、於50伏特邱心 4裝置的 1Ω< Α_ in-lf sl25Q » 鮮其^表示該第—電極和第二電極的總數量，m表示娜致 發聲兀件中所述奈米碳管膜的層數，R表 衫 -電極至第二電極方向上的電阻。 竹厌目膜在第 ❿ -種熱致發聲裝置，包括—個奈 =結f括多個大致平行的奈米碳管，該熱^聲 二互電連接的第-電極；及多她互電連接的第-電 =:=極及多姻第二__且舆該奈米 、”冓電連#該多個第一電極盘多一 、 置，相鄰的第-鞠目互平行且交替設 电極興第一電極之間的間距相等 大致垂直额峨 的工作細'於50伏特，且滿足以下條件：“致細置 1Ω< S125Q > 6 201029479 其中 乎碳管第—電極和第二__數量，R!表示該奈 反e I構在第一電極至第二電極方向上的電阻。 太乎裝置，包括—個够層絲碳管朗叠而成的 j二觀構；該熱致發聲裝置進—步包括：多個相互電連接 多個莖-. Μ—電極’該多個第-電極及 :Β㈣置且分職賴致縣树電連接，每層所 管骐包括多個大致平行的沿第—電極 參 伸的奈米碳管，並中，哕客徊势^ π^ 且㈣1 4 Γ以多第 與多個第二相互平行 =二，相鄰的第一電極與第二電極之間的間距相 致發聲裝置的工作龍小於50伏特，域足以下條件：… 1Ω< J__ w(n-l)2 ；125Ω 發整其ΙΦη表補第—電極和第二電極的總數量，m表示該妖致 —電極至第二電_切=R表補奈錢管臈在第 按昭術’本侧顺供的紐料裝践過將電極 使： 置和連接’從而可以控制熱致發聲裝置的電阻， 置 聲裝置在安全賴下正常工作，有利於熱致發聲袈 【實施方式】 例 以下將結合附圖詳細說明本發明熱致發聲裝置的具體實施 請參_ 1 2,本發財施峨供-賴致發聲裝置 。該熱發聲裝i⑽包括—熱致發聲元件⑽，多個第1 7 201029479 雜⑽相互交#且間隔設置並與雜致發聲 疋件f連接。其中，在本實施射，相鄰的第—電極_之 間的間距相等’相鄰的第二電極m之間的間距相等。每個第一 電極·與其相鄰的兩個第二之間的距離相等。同樣， 每個第二電極108與其相鄰的兩個第一電極之間的距離相等。該 第電極104及第二電極1〇8將整個熱致發聲元件導通Wherein the 'n-tablet-electrode and the second electro-slit amount cause the electrical resistance of the acoustic element in the direction from the first electrode to the second electrode. I I 接 (4) ί 发 I 置 置 其 其 其 其 其 其 其 其 其 其 置 置 置 置 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热 热The surface of the element and the thermally induced thermo-acoustic element respectively comprise at least a layer of carbon nanotube film, the two meters including a plurality of nanocarbons extending along the direction from the first electrode to the second electrode, wherein the plurality of An electrode and a plurality of second electrodes are arranged in parallel and alternately with each other, a phase-to-phase voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a voltage of 1 Ω in a 50 volt QIU 4 device. Α_in-lf sl25Q » Fresh indicates the total number of the first electrode and the second electrode, and m indicates the number of layers of the carbon nanotube film in the nano-sounding element, and the resistance of the R-shirt to the electrode in the direction of the second electrode. The bamboo annoyance film is in the first ❿-type thermal vocalization device, including a plurality of substantially parallel carbon nanotubes, the thermo-acoustic two-electrode connected first electrode; and more than her mutual electricity The connected first-electricity=:=polar and multi-marriage second __ and the nanometer, "冓电连#" the plurality of first electrode disks are one more, and the adjacent first-eyes are parallel and alternate It is assumed that the spacing between the first electrodes of the electrodes is equal to the working precision of the substantially vertical front ' at 50 volts, and the following conditions are satisfied: "The fineness is set to 1 Ω < S125Q > 6 201029479 wherein the carbon tube first electrode and the second The number of __, R! represents the resistance of the nano-electrode in the direction of the first electrode to the second electrode. Too much device, including a two-layer structure of a layer of carbon nanotubes; the thermal sounding device further comprises: a plurality of mutually connected plurality of stems - Μ - electrodes 'the plurality - Electrode and: Β (4) and divided into Laizhi County tree electrical connection, each layer of the tube includes a plurality of substantially parallel carbon nanotubes along the first electrode, and the 哕客徊 potential ^ π ^ and (4) 1 4 Γ more than a plurality of second parallel to each other = two, the spacing between the adjacent first electrode and the second electrode is opposite to the working device of the sounding device is less than 50 volts, the domain is sufficient for the following conditions: ... 1 Ω < J__ w (nl) 2 ; 125 Ω 发 Ι η η 表 表 第 第 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — The side of the side of the supply of the material has been put the electrode to: set and connect 'to control the resistance of the thermo-acoustic device, the sound device works normally under the safety of the sound device, which is beneficial to the heat-induced sound 袈 [embodiment] The specific implementation of the thermoacoustic sounding device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Sound wave device. The thermoacoustic device i (10) includes a thermo-acoustic component (10), and a plurality of first 7 201029479 (10) are interdigitated and spaced apart from each other and connected to the interfering acoustic element f. Here, in the present embodiment, the pitch between the adjacent first electrodes _ is equal to that the pitch between the adjacent second electrodes m is equal. The distance between each of the first electrodes and the two adjacent ones is equal. Likewise, the distance between each second electrode 108 and its two adjacent first electrodes is equal. The first electrode 104 and the second electrode 1〇8 turn on the entire thermoacoustic element
使該熱致發聲裝置卫作於安全電壓之下，並可以正常發聲， 所述熱致發聲裝置100應滿足以下關係式： 1Ω<· (n-iyThe thermoacoustic device is allowed to operate under a safe voltage and can sound normally. The thermoacoustic device 100 should satisfy the following relationship: 1 Ω <· (n-iy
sl25Q ⑴ 其中，Ri表示該熱致發聲元件110的在第一電極1〇4至第二 電極方向上的電阻，n表示該[電極m及第二電極^ 的總數量。滿足上絲_熱致發聲元件UG可以正常工作在輸 入功率大於20瓦，工作電壓小於5〇伏的條件下。 所述熱致發聲元件110通過熱致發聲原理工作，具體爲一電Sl25Q (1) where Ri represents the resistance of the thermoacoustic element 110 in the direction of the first electrode 1〇4 to the second electrode, and n represents the total number of [electrode m and second electrode ^). Satisfy the upper wire _ thermal vocal component UG can work normally under the condition that the input power is greater than 20 watts and the working voltage is less than 5 volts. The thermoacoustic element 110 works by the principle of thermal vocalization, specifically
阻性兀件’具有較小的單位面積熱容（如，小於2X10·4焦耳每平 方厘米克爾文）’且具有較大比表面積及較小厚度，從而使該熱致 發聲元件110可以將輸入的電能轉換爲熱能，並與周圍介質充分 快速的進行熱交換。 所述熱致發聲元件U0可包括-奈米碳管結構。在本實施例 中，該結構爲一奈米碳管膜結構，其可以係單層奈米碳管膜112， 也可以係由多層奈米碳管膜112層叠而成。但應#指出的係，本 發明的熱致發聲元件並不僅局限於例如奈米碳管膜的奈米碳管結 構其他使用本發明構思的，可基於熱致發聲原理的發聲元件， 8 201029479 皆在本發明權利要求所涵蓋的範圍之内 每層奈米碳管膜112包括多個大致相互平行的奈米碳管。該 奈米碳管的延伸方向大致平行於該奈米碳管膜112的表面。該第 一電極104及第二電極108爲一維的細長形。上述奈米碳管連接 於該第一電極104及第二電極1〇8之間。該奈米碳管膜112具有 較爲均勻的厚度及較爲均勻的電阻。當熱致發聲元件11〇中奈米The resistive element 'has a smaller heat capacity per unit area (eg, less than 2×10·4 joules per square centimeter of Kelvin)' and has a large specific surface area and a small thickness so that the thermoacoustic element 110 can input The electrical energy is converted into thermal energy and exchanges heat with the surrounding medium sufficiently quickly. The thermo-acoustic element U0 may comprise a carbon nanotube structure. In the present embodiment, the structure is a carbon nanotube film structure, which may be a single-layered carbon nanotube film 112 or a multilayered carbon nanotube film 112. However, the thermoacoustic element of the present invention is not limited to a carbon nanotube structure such as a carbon nanotube film, and other sound-emitting elements based on the principle of thermal sound generation, 8 201029479 Each layer of carbon nanotube film 112 includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes that are substantially parallel to each other within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The carbon nanotube extends in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the carbon nanotube film 112. The first electrode 104 and the second electrode 108 are one-dimensional elongated. The carbon nanotube is connected between the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 1〇8. The carbon nanotube film 112 has a relatively uniform thickness and a relatively uniform electrical resistance. When the thermoacoustic element 11 is in the middle of the nano
碳管膜112的層數以m表示時，所述熱致發聲裝置1〇〇滿足以下 關係式：When the number of layers of the carbon tube film 112 is expressed by m, the thermoacoustic device 1〇〇 satisfies the following relationship:
=sl25Q (2) 其中，R表示單層奈米碳管膜112在第一電極1〇4至第二電 極108方向上的電阻，n表示所述第一電極1〇4與第二電極_ 的總數量。在其他實施例中，當該奈米碳管結構係由多層奈米碳 管膜112層叠而成時，該奈米碳管結構可以包括至少一層起支撐 所用的奈米峻管膜失在其他相鄰的奈来碳管膜m之間。該起支 _撑所㈣奈米碳管膜可以由多做致平行的奈米碳管構成。若其 延伸方向與連接於第-電極104及第二電極1〇8之間的上述奈米 碳官垂直，則起支撑所用的奈米碳管翻未電性連接於第一電極 104及第二電極1G8之間，故不計在上述奈米碳倾112的層數， 即m之内。但此實施例也在本發明權利要求的保護範圍之内。例 如.如果當該奈米碳管結構係由四層奈米碳管膜層叠而成第一 層與第三層内的奈米碳管相互平行並連接於第一與第二電極之 間，第-層與第四層内的奈米碳管相互平行，並與第一層與第三 層内的奈米碳管相垂直，職奈米碳管結構的奈米碳管膜ιΐ2的 201029479 層數m應等於2。 該奈米碳管結構具有兩個相對的表面。該多個第一電極斯 二個第一電極1〇8相互平行且相互等間距的間隔的設置於所述 不米碳管結_所述表面，並分職所述奈綠管結構電連接。 可以理解’所述第一電極1〇4與第二電極⑽可設置於該奈米碳 s結構的烟表面或不同表面。本實施例巾，該第—電極及 第二電極108的長度足够使該第一電極1〇4及第二電極108跨越 春整，奈米碳管結構表面’並且，該第一電極⑽與第二電極舰 中最外侧的兩個電極位於該奈米碳管結構的兩端，從而保證該第 -電極104與第二電極1〇8將整個奈米碳管結構導通。該第一電 極104及第二電極108可爲條狀或杆狀。該第一電極1〇4及第二 電極108的材料爲具有較高電導率的金屬、導電膝導電裝料、 導電聚合物或銦錫氧化物⑽）等。本實施例優選爲含銀顆粒的 導電衆料。該第-電極1〇4及第二電極⑽用於接收一外部輸入 的功率放大的音頻電信號，並傳導至整個奈米碳管結構。 • 凊參閱圖3及圖4 ’該多個第-電極104與該多個第二電極 108相互父替的設置於該奈米碳管結構表面。所謂交替設置即除最 外側的兩個電極外，所述兩個第—電極1〇4之間設置—個第二電 極108，並且所述兩個第二電極1〇8之間設置一個第一電極1〇4。 所述多個第-電極104之間電連接從而具有相等的電位，所述多 個第二電極108之間電連接從而具有相等的電位。相鄰的第一電 極104與第二電極1〇8之間通過所述奈米碳管結構電連接，所述 奈米碳管結構通過該第一電極1〇4及第二電極1〇8接收—功率放 大的音頻電彳§號。本實施例中，該多個第一電極1〇4之間通過一 201029479 極 接严-導電部m與該第二導電㈣相對 =m及第二導電部118可以爲導線或 部114及第二導電部⑽爲導電片時,該導電片可二= 位部，如定位孔。該多個第一電極104及多個第二電 別=該定位部定位在該導電片上，從而使該第 = ❹ =:電極104與多個第二電極108之間的距離相等， 使〜,，，、致發聲褒置100具有更好的發聲效果。 分別與一功率放大器（圖 =連接’該功率放大器的兩個電極分別與該第一電極似 極108相連’並通過該第一 104及第二電極娜向 二致發和件110輸入一功率放大的音頻電信號。具體地， 該功率放大器向任意相鄰的第一電極104與第二電極⑽之間附 加一交變的電壓。本實施例中，該第一導電部114與第二導電部 118分別與所述功率放大器電連接。 了面對上述_式⑴係式⑵的推導過程進行論證。 清參閱圖1及圖2，由於該熱致發聲元件11〇爲一阻性元件， 且爲一膜狀結構，故可設該熱致發聲元件110的長度爲1，寬度爲 d，厚度爲h。由於該熱致發聲元件11〇具有較爲均勾的厚度，故 h爲-常量。當將-第-電極1〇4及一第二電極ι〇8設置於該熱致 發聲场110兩端，並使整個熱致發聲元件11〇導通時，該第一 電極104至第二電極108方向上絲致發聲元件11〇的電阻R1滿 11 201029479 足的關係式爲：=sl25Q (2) where R represents the resistance of the single-layered carbon nanotube film 112 in the direction of the first electrode 1〇4 to the second electrode 108, and n represents the first electrode 1〇4 and the second electrode_ The total number. In other embodiments, when the carbon nanotube structure is formed by laminating a plurality of layers of carbon nanotube film 112, the carbon nanotube structure may include at least one layer of nanotube film used for support loss in other phases. Adjacent to the nai carbon nanotube film m. The support tube (four) carbon nanotube film can be composed of a plurality of parallel carbon nanotubes. If the extending direction is perpendicular to the above-mentioned nanocarbon officer connected between the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 1〇8, the carbon nanotube used for supporting is electrically connected to the first electrode 104 and the second. Between the electrodes 1G8, it is not counted in the number of layers of the above-described nanocarbon tilt 112, that is, within m. However, this embodiment is also within the scope of the claims of the present invention. For example, if the carbon nanotube structure is formed by laminating a four-layered carbon nanotube film, the first and third carbon nanotubes are parallel to each other and connected between the first and second electrodes, The layers of the carbon nanotubes in the fourth layer are parallel to each other and are perpendicular to the carbon nanotubes in the first layer and the third layer, and the number of layers of the carbon nanotube film ιΐ2 of the carbon nanotube structure is 201029479. m should be equal to 2. The carbon nanotube structure has two opposing surfaces. The plurality of first electrodes and the two first electrodes 1〇8 are disposed parallel to each other and equally spaced from each other on the surface of the carbon nanotube junction, and are electrically connected to the nematic green tube structure. It will be understood that the first electrode 1〇4 and the second electrode (10) may be disposed on the surface of the smoke or different surfaces of the nanocarbon s structure. In the embodiment, the length of the first electrode and the second electrode 108 is sufficient for the first electrode 1〇4 and the second electrode 108 to cross the spring, the surface of the carbon nanotube structure 'and the first electrode (10) and the first The two outermost electrodes of the two-electrode ship are located at both ends of the carbon nanotube structure, thereby ensuring that the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 1〇8 conduct the entire carbon nanotube structure. The first electrode 104 and the second electrode 108 may be strip-shaped or rod-shaped. The material of the first electrode 1〇4 and the second electrode 108 is a metal having a high electrical conductivity, a conductive knee conductive charge, a conductive polymer or indium tin oxide (10), or the like. This embodiment is preferably a conductive mass containing silver particles. The first electrode 1〇4 and the second electrode (10) are for receiving an externally input power amplified audio electrical signal and conducting it to the entire carbon nanotube structure. • Referring to Figures 3 and 4, the plurality of first electrodes 104 and the plurality of second electrodes 108 are disposed alternately on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure. In the alternating arrangement, except for the outermost two electrodes, a second electrode 108 is disposed between the two first electrodes 1〇4, and a first one is disposed between the two second electrodes 1〇8. The electrode is 1〇4. The plurality of first electrodes 104 are electrically connected to each other to have an equal potential, and the plurality of second electrodes 108 are electrically connected to each other to have an equal potential. The adjacent first electrode 104 and the second electrode 1〇8 are electrically connected by the carbon nanotube structure, and the carbon nanotube structure is received by the first electrode 1〇4 and the second electrode 1〇8 - Power amplified audio 彳 §. In this embodiment, the plurality of first electrodes 1〇4 are connected through a 201029479 pole-conductive portion m and the second conductive (four) opposite=m and the second conductive portion 118 may be a wire or portion 114 and a second When the conductive portion (10) is a conductive sheet, the conductive sheet can be two positions, such as a positioning hole. The plurality of first electrodes 104 and the plurality of second electrodes=the positioning portion are positioned on the conductive sheet such that the distance between the first ❹=:electrode 104 and the plurality of second electrodes 108 is equal, such that ~, ,,, and the sounding device 100 has a better sounding effect. Separately with a power amplifier (Fig. = connected 'the two electrodes of the power amplifier are respectively connected to the first electrode like pole 108' and input a power amplification through the first 104 and the second electrode to the second emitter and the member 110 Specifically, the power amplifier adds an alternating voltage between any adjacent first electrode 104 and the second electrode (10). In this embodiment, the first conductive portion 114 and the second conductive portion 118 is electrically connected to the power amplifier respectively. The derivation process of the above formula (1) (2) is demonstrated. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, since the thermo-acoustic element 11 is a resistive element, and A film-like structure, the thermo-acoustic element 110 can be set to have a length of 1, a width d, and a thickness h. Since the thermo-acoustic element 11 has a relatively uniform thickness, h is a constant. The first electrode 104 to the second electrode 108 are disposed when the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 10 are disposed at both ends of the thermoacoustic field 110 and the entire thermoacoustic element 11 is turned on. The resistance R1 of the wire-emitting component 11〇 is full 11 201029479 Department of the formula:
Rl=krkih (3) =k爲該熱致發聲元件11〇的電阻率，s爲電流導通方向 I籍由5104至第二電極108方向上該熱致發聲元件110的截 面積。由於k的值取决於材料的特性，且該熱致發聲树⑽具 有均勻的電導率’故k爲一常量。 田心略第-電極104及第二電極1〇8的電阻及電極盘轨 的接觸電阻時，該熱致發聲裝置1〇〇的電阻等滅熱 110的電阻，即：Μ1，其中&表示該熱致發聲裝 置100的電阻。 當，熱致發聲元件110爲一正方形奈米碳管膜時，W，則Rl 爲-常量並等於該奈米碳管麟方塊電阻R1=RS=k/h，其中，办 表示該奈米碳管膜的方塊電阻。 本發明的該奈米碳麵可峨奈米碳管_中拉域得。該 奈米碳管膜由通過凡德關力首尾相連且擇優取向排列的奈米碳 管組成，奈米碳管的延伸方向與奈麵麵的表面大辭行。經 實驗測得可知，本實施例中，該奈米碳管膜的方塊電阻Rs的範ς 爲800歐SRsSKiOO歐。可以理解，由於該奈米碳管膜中奈米 碳管沿同-方向擇優取向排列，故，該第一電極1〇4及第二^極 108應設置_奈树麵沿絲碳管排财向上的兩端，即鮮 米碳管膜中的奈米碳管沿第-_ 1〇4至第二電極⑽方= 伸，從而使該熱致發聲元件110導通。 請參閱圖3 ’當該熱致發聲裝置1〇〇包括多個第一電極取、 12 201029479 多個第二電極108，及-熱致發聲元件11〇時，設該多個第一電極 m及多個第二電極的總數爲n，該熱致料元件ιι〇被該第 -電極1〇4及第二電極108分爲相等的n-1段，每段齡發聲元件 110的長度L-1)，在電流導通方向，即該第一電極1()4至第二 電極1〇8方向’每段熱致發聲元件110的截面積s〇=s=dh，則該第 一電極104至第二電極108方向每段熱致發聲元件11〇的電阻R〇 滿足的關係式爲： R〇=k^- = k-^ = k—ί— dh (n—l)dhRl = krkih (3) = k is the resistivity of the thermoacoustic element 11 ,, and s is the current conducting direction I from 5104 to the cross-sectional area of the thermoacoustic element 110 in the direction of the second electrode 108. Since the value of k depends on the characteristics of the material, and the thermoacoustic tree (10) has a uniform electrical conductivity, k is a constant. When the resistance of the electrode-electrode 104 and the second electrode 1〇8 and the contact resistance of the electrode track are the same, the resistance of the thermoacoustic device 1〇〇 is such that: Μ1, where & The electrical resistance of the thermoacoustic device 100. When the thermo-acoustic element 110 is a square carbon nanotube film, W, then Rl is a constant and equal to the carbon nanotube lining resistance R1=RS=k/h, wherein the nanocarbon is represented by The sheet resistance of the tube film. The nanocarbon surface of the present invention can be obtained from the carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube film is composed of a carbon nanotube that is connected end to end and is preferably oriented by the van der Paw, and the direction in which the carbon nanotube extends is larger than the surface of the surface. It can be seen from the experimental results that in the present embodiment, the square resistance Rs of the carbon nanotube film is 800 Å SRsSKiOO ohm. It can be understood that, since the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film are arranged in the same direction in the same direction, the first electrode 1〇4 and the second electrode 108 should be disposed. The upper ends, i.e., the carbon nanotubes in the fresh rice carbon nanotube film, extend along the -1 1〇4 to the second electrode (10), thereby causing the thermo-acoustic element 110 to be turned on. Referring to FIG. 3, when the thermo-acoustic device 1 includes a plurality of first electrodes, 12 201029479, a plurality of second electrodes 108, and a thermo-acoustic element 11 , the plurality of first electrodes m and The total number of the plurality of second electrodes is n, and the thermal material element ιι is divided into equal n-1 segments by the first electrode 1〇4 and the second electrode 108, and the length L-1 of each of the sounding elements 110 is aged. ), in the current conducting direction, that is, the cross-sectional area s 〇= dh of each of the thermo-acoustic elements 110 in the direction of the first electrode 1 () 4 to the second electrode 1 〇 8, the first electrode 104 to the first The relationship of the resistance R 〇 of each of the thermoacoustic elements 11 方向 in the direction of the two electrodes 108 is: R 〇 = k ^ - = k - ^ = k - ί - dh (n - l) dh
(4) 該多個第-電極104之間通過第一導電部U4電連接，該多 個第二電極108之間通過第二導電部118電連接。故該n i段熱致 發聲元件110相互並聯。故，該熱致發聲裝置1〇〇的電阻K滿 的關係式爲： 2/(4) The plurality of first electrodes 104 are electrically connected by a first conductive portion U4, and the plurality of second electrodes 108 are electrically connected by a second conductive portion 118. Therefore, the n i stage thermo-acoustic elements 110 are connected in parallel with each other. Therefore, the relationship of the resistance K of the thermoacoustic device 1〇〇 is: 2/
R2 = - = k k· 1-1 (n~l)dh (n~l)2dh 將式（3)代入式（5)，故又有： (5) in-IfR2 = - = k k· 1-1 (n~l)dh (n~l)2dh Substituting equation (3) into equation (5), there are: (5) in-If
A (6) 該熱致發聲裝置lGG的輸人功率p紅作電壓U及熱 裝置100的電阻尺2滿足等式： ' p U2 (7) 經實驗可知’當該熱致發聲裝置的輸入功率大於等於如 瓦（/^2〇价）時，該熱致發聲裝置1〇〇能够正常工作，並發 耳能够聽到强度的聲音，故有： Λ 人 13 (8) 201029479 另外，該發聲裝置100應工作於安全電壓下，即工作電壓應 滿足： ^A (6) The input power of the thermoacoustic device lGG, the red voltage U and the resistance of the thermal device 100, satisfy the equation: ' p U2 (7) It is known by experiment that 'when the input power of the thermo-acoustic device When the temperature is greater than or equal to watts (/^2〇), the thermal sounding device 1〇〇 can work normally, and the ear can hear the sound of the intensity, so there are: Λ人13 (8) 201029479 In addition, the sounding device 100 should Working at a safe voltage, ie the working voltage should meet: ^
US50V , (9) 將式（7)代入式（8)及式（9)可知該熱致發聲裝置1〇〇中， 該熱致發聲元件110的電阻R1和電極總數量n應滿足關 (η-ί)2US50V, (9) Substituting the formula (7) into the equations (8) and (9), it can be seen that in the thermo-acoustic device 1 , the resistance R1 of the thermo-acoustic element 110 and the total number n of electrodes should satisfy the off (η) -ί)2
(10) 另外，由於該齡鱗裝置_在使料，需與外部的功率 放大器相連’考慮到該功率放大器具有，當熱致發聲裳置 100的電阻R2過小時’該功率放大器的功耗較大，故似應大於i 歐，即：(10) In addition, since the age scale device _ is in use, it needs to be connected to an external power amplifier. Considering that the power amplifier has a resistance R2 that is too small when the heat is emitted, the power consumption of the power amplifier is lower. Large, it seems to be greater than i Europe, namely:
式⑴即爲該熱致發聲裝置·應用時電極數量應滿足的關 係式’通過簡單的測定^，即可確定n的範目。另外，將式⑹ 代入式（7) ’即可制具體電極數量n的計算公式： (11) 根據式（11)’在設定較辨卩及功電壓卩祕件下，電 極的數量η僅由熱致發聲元㈣的内阻决定，故根據式⑻即 可通過簡單的雜電極的數量η難賊發雜置⑽的電阻， 滿足所需的工作條件Ρ及U。 請參閱圖4， 备該熱致發聲元件包括m層大小相等的奈 201029479 米碳管膜重叠設置時，有R^R/m，其中R爲每層奈米碳管膜在第 一電極104至第二電極108方向上的電阻，則根據式（6)及（1) 即有：The formula (1) is the relationship between the number of electrodes to be used in the application of the thermoacoustic device, and the number of electrodes can be determined by a simple measurement. In addition, the formula (6) can be substituted into the formula (7)' to calculate the specific electrode number n: (11) According to the formula (11)' under the setting of the identification and work voltage, the number of electrodes η is only The internal resistance of the thermo-acoustic element (4) is determined. Therefore, according to the formula (8), the resistance of the miscellaneous electrode (10) can be easily satisfied by the number of simple hetero-electrodes, and the required working conditions U and U can be satisfied. Referring to FIG. 4, when the thermoacoustic element comprises m layers of equal size, the 201029479 m carbon tube film is overlapped, and R^R/m, wherein R is a layer of each carbon nanotube film at the first electrode 104 to The resistance in the direction of the second electrode 108 is according to the equations (6) and (1):
R 1Ω<R 1Ω<
RR
sl25Q (12)(2)sl25Q (12)(2)
如前所述’式（12)及式（2)中的m僅爲奈米碳管沿第一電 極104至第二電極1〇8延伸的奈米碳管膜的數量。 當該奈米碳管膜爲正方形時，R=RS，則式（12)及式（2)中 的R爲該奈米碳管膜的方塊電阻。經試驗測得，從奈米碳管陣列 _拉取獲得的奈米碳管膜的方塊電阻rs約爲8〇〇歐~1〇〇〇歐。當 該奈米碳管膜的方塊電阻爲1000歐時，通過式（2)可知m和n 應滿足8$m(n-l)2S1000,當奈米碳管膜的層數時，8^(ni)2 $1000,即4么^32。當奈米碳管膜的層數時，3“^23。 該熱致發聲裝置1〇〇的輸入功率與該熱致發聲元件11〇的面 積有關，當該熱致發聲元件110爲至少一層奈来碳管膜時，驅動 該熱致發聲裝置1〇〇發聲的功率密度約爲i瓦/平方厘米。優選的， 該熱致發聲裝置1〇〇的輸入功率p應小於5〇〇瓦即 500W。根據式（11)，當工作電麼分別爲42伏、36伏、Μ伏或 12伏，且m=l時，該電極數目η應滿足表1的範圍： 工作電壓 電極數量 42伏 5^nS17 36伏 5^n^20 24伏 15 201029479 當m=2時，有 藤 + 1 ’電極數目η應滿足表2的範圍 表2 工作電壓 42伏 電極數量 36伏 4^ngl2 24伏 4^η^14 6^η^21As described above, m in the formulas (12) and (2) is only the number of carbon nanotube membranes in which the carbon nanotubes extend along the first electrode 104 to the second electrode 1〇8. When the carbon nanotube film is square, R = RS, and R in the formula (12) and the formula (2) is the sheet resistance of the carbon nanotube film. It has been experimentally determined that the sheet resistance rs of the carbon nanotube film obtained from the carbon nanotube array is about 8 〇〇 to 1 〇〇〇. When the sheet resistance of the carbon nanotube film is 1000 ohms, it can be seen from the formula (2) that m and n should satisfy 8$m(nl)2S1000, and when the number of layers of the carbon nanotube film is 8^(ni) 2 $1000, which is 4^32. When the number of layers of the carbon nanotube film is 3"^23. The input power of the thermoacoustic device 1〇〇 is related to the area of the thermoacoustic element 11〇, when the thermoacoustic element 110 is at least one layer When the carbon tube film is introduced, the power density of the sound of the thermoacoustic device 1 is about i watts per square centimeter. Preferably, the input power p of the thermoacoustic device 1 应 should be less than 5 watts or 500 watts. According to formula (11), when the working power is 42 volts, 36 volts, crouching or 12 volts, and m=l, the number of electrodes η should satisfy the range of Table 1: The number of operating voltage electrodes is 42 volts 5^ nS17 36 volts 5^n^20 24 volts 15 201029479 When m=2, there are vines + 1 'number of electrodes η should meet the range of Table 2. Table 2 Working voltage 42 volts electrode number 36 volts 4^ngl2 24 volts 4^η ^14 6^η^21
*優選地’該熱致發聲元件_爲單層奈树管膜該熱致發 聲裝置100的電阻爲4歐〜12歐，該熱致發聲裝置1〇〇的工作電壓 爲12伏、24伏或36伏。本實施例中，該熱致發聲元件ιι〇爲一 正方形的奈米碳管膜，該熱致發聲裝置i⑽的輸入功率優選爲 W ’工作電壓爲36V ’則該電極的數量爲1〇個。 本實施例提供義致發縣置⑽的聲壓級大於犯分貝每瓦 聲壓級發聲頻率範圍爲1赫兹至1〇萬赫兹(即他〜麵此)。所 述熱致發聲裝置在5〇〇_〜4萬赫兹頻率範圍内的失真度可小於 3%。通遍將所述第一電極104及第二電極1〇8交替設置，並分別 連接的方法，可以使每兩個相鄰的第一電極1〇4及第二電極_ ^間的熱致發聲7C件並聯’從而通賴單的調整所述電極的總數 量n及奈米碳管膜的層數m滿足關係： 1Ω$^Τ125Ω 使該熱致發聲裝置在功率一定的情况下（2〇瓦〜5〇〇瓦），工 作電壓滿足安全電壓規範的規定，有利於熱致發聲裝置1〇〇的商 品化。 表丁、上所述’本發明確已符合發明專利之要件，遂依法提出專 利申晴。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施例，自不能以此 16 201029479 限制本案之申請專舰圍。舉凡f知本銳藝之人士援依本發明 之精Γ圖紐化，找⑽㈣下申請料範圍内。 圖1係一種熱致發聲裝置的俯視示意圖。 圖2係圖1中的熱致發聲裝置的正視圖。 圖3係本發明實施例熱致發聲裝置的立體示意圖。* Preferably, the thermoacoustic element _ is a single layer naphthalene tube film. The resistance of the thermoacoustic device 100 is 4 ohms to 12 ohms, and the operating voltage of the thermoacoustic device 1 为 is 12 volts, 24 volts or 36 volts. In this embodiment, the thermo-acoustic component ιι is a square carbon nanotube film, and the input power of the thermo-acoustic device i (10) is preferably W' operating voltage is 36V', and the number of the electrodes is one. In this embodiment, the sound pressure level of the Yizhi County (10) is greater than the sound frequency of the decibel per watt. The sound frequency ranges from 1 Hz to 1 10,000 Hz (ie, he ~ face). The thermoacoustic device may have a distortion of less than 3% in the frequency range of 5 〇〇 to 40 kHz. By alternately arranging the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 1〇8 and connecting them separately, the thermal sounding between each two adjacent first electrodes 1〇4 and 2nd electrodes can be made The 7C pieces are connected in parallel' so that the total number of the electrodes n and the number of layers of the carbon nanotube film satisfy the relationship: 1 Ω$^ Τ 125 Ω makes the thermo-acoustic device have a certain power (2 watts) ~5 〇〇 )), the working voltage meets the requirements of the safety voltage specification, which is conducive to the commercialization of the thermo-acoustic device. The present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and the patent has been filed according to law. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not possible to limit the application of the case by this 16 201029479. Anyone who knows the subject of this invention will be able to find the scope of the application under (10) (4). Figure 1 is a top plan view of a thermo-acoustic device. Figure 2 is a front elevational view of the thermo-acoustic device of Figure 1. 3 is a perspective view of a thermo-acoustic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖4係本發明實施例包括多層奈米碳管膜的熱致發聲裳 立體示意圖。 、 【主要元件符號說明】 熱致發聲裴置 100 第一電極 104 第二電極 108 熱致發聲元件 110 第一導電部 114 第二導電部 118Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing a thermoacoustic skirt comprising a multilayered carbon nanotube film according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Description of main component symbols] Thermal audible device 100 First electrode 104 Second electrode 108 Thermal audible component 110 First conductive portion 114 Second conductive portion 118
1717
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