200827052 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本=、明係有關於—種煤灰中之未燃燒石炭除去方法，更詳 、、田^兒係、有關於—種從在燒煤火力發電廠或流動式燃燒 爐等所產生的煤灰中有效率地除去未燃燒碳之煤灰中之 未燃燒碳除去方法。 【先前技術】200827052 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] This is a method for removing unburned charcoal in coal ash, which is more detailed, and is related to the type of fire from burning coal. An unburned carbon removal method in coal ash produced by a power plant or a mobile combustion furnace or the like to efficiently remove unburned carbon. [Prior Art]
在煤火力發電廠或流動式燃燒爐等所產生的煤灰（以 下:稱為飛灰）是被應用在水泥及人工輕量骨材的原料、 或混凝土収合材料等。但是，#將飛灰當作混凝土的混 口材料來使㈣，由於在飛灰巾所含的未燃燒碳會吸收 j或減水剡，因此會有對混凝土的攪拌作業等帶來惡 1含要解決此種的問題，例如在日本專利第3613347號 :日曰中則提出-將水加在飛灰而使其漿體化，並將燈油 :、的捕集劑添加在該飛灰漿體中，更且藉由高速剪斷混合 又’由於未燃燒碳具有撥水性，因此在灌混凝土時未辦 燒碳會上浮在混凝土的上面，而有在灌混凝土的接縫部因 籲為未燃燒碳而產生黑色部份等的問題。更進—步，當飛灰 2之未燃燒碳的含量較多時，助會有人工輕量骨材的品 :^低的問題。因此’只能將未燃燒碳的含量較少之優良 =的飛灰應用在混凝土的混合材料等，而未燃燒碳的含 T夕的飛灰則利用作為在旋轉窑（rQtary kiln)中處理的 水泥原料或是當作產業廢棄物而被掩埋處理。 312XP/發明說明書(補件)/96-04/95148723 6 200827052 器進打表面改質而讓未燃燒碳附著在捕集劑而提高未燃 燒碳的浮選性，之後則進行浮選將未燃燒碳加以分離的方 - 法0 •上述的方法，如微粉碳焚燒的焚化爐，藉由高溫燃燒（例 如1 200〜1500。〇將飛灰4融再固化為幾乎球狀，當未 燃燒碳b被單體分離時（參照圖4)，則比較容易將未姆燒 碳分離。亦即，能夠將在原料之飛灰中所含的數wt%〜數 鲁十wt%的未燃燒碳予以分離除去直到！以下。但是會 因為飛灰的產生條件，例如燃燒溫度或燃燒方法、或煤^ ^ 種類或組成等’而使得飛灰中的灰成分a，與未燃燒碳 成分地合體而存在的情形亦變多，此時會導致未 燃燒碳的分離率降低（參照圖5 )。 又，相較於微粉碳焚燒的焚化爐之飛灰，流動式焚化爐 的飛灰’由於當作低溫燃燒（例如85代）的未溶融灰被回 m此如圖6所示般，由於灰成分a，肖未燃燒碳成分 籲、-口成丸子狀’因此未燃燒碳的分離率變得相當的 =，而無法適用利用表面改質的浮選法。在上述圖4〜圖 中，付唬Μ為原料、Η為尾料、丨為泡沫 【發明内容】 本發明即是為了要解決此—問題而完成，其目的在於提 =種適_用表面改質的浮選法來除去在飛灰中所含 μ 時’能約更有效率地將飛灰中的灰成分加以分 _的煤灰中之未燃燒碳除去方法。 為了要解決上述的問題’本發明依下而構成。 πχρ/__# (補件)/96 嶋5148723 200827052 申4專利範圍第1項所記載之發明之煤灰中之未燃燒 石厌除去方法，係從煤灰中除去未燃燒碳之未燃燒碳除去方 法由.利用分級機將上述煤灰中的未燃燒碳以機械方式 .分離的步驟、藉由粉碎機將被上述分級機除去未燃燒碳之 -部分的煤灰予以粉碎或解碎的步驟、將水加到經過上述 粉碎機粉碎或解碎的煤灰而予以聚體化步驟、將捕集劑添 加^已經漿體化之煤灰的步驟、對添加有捕集劑的裝體附 籲加剪斷力而讓捕集劑選擇性地附著在煤灰中的未燃燒碳 的步驟、將發泡劑添加在已讓捕集劑附著在未燃燒碳後之 漿體的步驟、和從添加發泡劑後的漿體與氣泡一起浮選出 未燃燒碳而分離的步驟。 申請專利範圍第2項所記載之發明，係在申請專利範圍 第1項之煤灰中之未燃燒碳除去方法t，當對煤灰中之未 燃燒碳分級時，應用乾式或濕式的分級機之同時，將該分 級機的網目設為20〜200 // m。 人刀 •申請專利範圍第3項所記載之發明，係在中請專利範圍 第1項之煤灰中之未燃燒碳除去方法中，在將包含未燃燒 碳的飛灰加以粉碎或解碎時應用乾式或濕式的球磨^ (ball miller)、或是乾式的鎚磨機（hamme；r 磨機（rol ler mi 1 ler)。 ^ 若根據本發明，預先利用分級機將在煤灰中的未燃燒石户 機械式地加以分離，除去煤灰中的未燃燒碳的一部;二， 少提高煤灰中之灰成分的純度。之後，藉由粉碎機將經二 分級機除去一部分的未燃燒碳的煤炭加以粉碎或解碎:= 312XP/發明說明書(補件)/96-04/95148723 200827052Coal ash (hereinafter referred to as fly ash) generated in a coal-fired power plant or a mobile combustion furnace is a raw material used for cement and artificial lightweight aggregates, or a concrete collecting material. However, #飞飞灰 is used as a concrete mixing material to make (4), because the unburned carbon contained in the fly ash towel will absorb j or reduce water enthalpy, so there will be a mixture of concrete mixing operations, etc. To solve such a problem, for example, in Japanese Patent No. 3613347: Japanese Patent Laid-Open, it is proposed to add water to fly ash to slurry it, and to add a tarnish: a collector to the fly ash slurry. Moreover, by high-speed shear mixing, 'because unburned carbon has water repellency, the unburned carbon will float above the concrete when the concrete is poured, and the joint portion of the concrete will be called unburned carbon. Produce problems such as black parts. Further, when the content of unburned carbon in fly ash 2 is large, there will be problems with artificial lightweight aggregates: ^ low. Therefore, it is only possible to apply the fly ash which is excellent in the content of unburned carbon to the mixed material of the concrete, and the fly ash containing the unburned carbon is used as the treatment in the rotary kiln (rQtary kiln). Cement raw materials are treated as industrial waste and buried. 312XP/Invention Manual (Supplement)/96-04/95148723 6 200827052 The surface is modified to allow unburned carbon to adhere to the collector to improve the flotation of unburned carbon, after which flotation will be unburned. The method of separating the carbon - Method 0 • The above method, such as a micronized carbon incinerator, is burned at a high temperature (for example, 1 200 to 1500. The fly ash 4 is melted and solidified into almost spherical shape, when unburned carbon b When it is separated by a monomer (refer to FIG. 4), it is relatively easy to separate the unburned carbon, that is, it is possible to separate the unburned carbon contained in the fly ash of the raw material by several wt% to several ten wt% of the unburned carbon. It is removed until the following. However, the ash component a in the fly ash may be combined with the unburned carbon component due to the conditions of the fly ash, such as the combustion temperature or the combustion method, or the type or composition of the coal. The situation is also increased, which leads to a decrease in the separation rate of unburned carbon (refer to Fig. 5). Moreover, the fly ash of the flow incinerator is regarded as low temperature combustion compared to the fly ash of the incinerator of the micronized carbon incineration. The unmelted ash (for example, the 85th generation) is returned to m as shown in Fig. 6. Since the ash component a, the unburned carbon component is called, and the mouth is in the form of a pellet, the separation rate of unburned carbon becomes equivalent, and the flotation method using surface modification cannot be applied. In the present invention, the present invention is completed in order to solve this problem, and the purpose thereof is to provide a flotation method using surface modification. When the μ contained in the fly ash is removed, the unburned carbon removal method in the coal ash which can divide the ash component in the fly ash more efficiently. In order to solve the above problem, the present invention is constructed as follows. χ χ / 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 The removal method comprises the steps of: mechanically separating the unburned carbon in the coal ash by a classifier, and pulverizing or pulverizing the coal ash which is removed by the classifier to the unburned carbon by the pulverizer. Adding water to the pulverizer or pulverizing through the above pulverizer The coal ash is subjected to a polymerization step, the collector is added to the already pulverized coal ash, and the collector to which the collector is added is attached with a shearing force to selectively adhere the collector a step of unburning carbon in the coal ash, a step of adding a foaming agent to the slurry after the collector has been allowed to adhere to the unburned carbon, and a slurry obtained by adding the foaming agent together with the bubbles The step of separating carbon by burning carbon. The invention described in claim 2 is an unburned carbon removal method t in the coal ash of claim 1 of the patent application, when the unburned carbon in the coal ash is classified, At the same time as applying a dry or wet classifier, the mesh of the classifier is set to 20 to 200 // m. The invention described in the third paragraph of the patent application is in the first item of the patent scope. In the unburned carbon removal method in coal ash, a dry or wet ball miller or a dry hammer mill (hamme;r) is used when pulverizing or pulverizing fly ash containing unburned carbon. Mill (rol ler mi 1 ler). ^ According to the present invention, the unburned stone in the coal ash is mechanically separated in advance by a classifier to remove a portion of the unburned carbon in the coal ash; second, the purity of the ash component in the coal ash is less increased . Thereafter, a portion of the unburned carbon removed by the second classifier is pulverized or pulverized by a pulverizer: = 312XP / invention specification (supplement) / 96-04/95148723 200827052
將煤灰中的灰成分與未燃燒碳成分予以單體分離，更提高 灰成分與未燃燒碳成分的分離性。因此，不只是以前的Z •粉奴焚燒的焚化爐，連在流動式燃燒爐之飛灰等令也可以 • 應用利用表面改質之浮選法。 又，在浮選步驟中，藉由針對包含添加有捕集劑之未燃 燒碳的煤灰漿體賦予剪斷力，不只能夠提高聚體中的未燃 燒碳、煤灰成I、捕集劑的分散效果，也能夠在各分散粒 馨子的表，過渡地產生活性能量（表面能量）。在此過渡地讓 表面月匕里鎮靜化的步驟中’表面已經更親油性化之未蜗燒 碳粒子的表面與捕集劑粒子的表面會密接而使得彼此 表面能量降低。又，已經更親水性化之煤灰成分粒子的表 面則會更加與水親合。此外，逐漸分散於水中 面能量。 干衣 悻：猎由表面改質而在粒子表面添加了捕集劑的未揪 安定地提高其親油性’而在後段的浮選步驟中 月b。提咼》予選洋游性而成為浮選尾料而分散於 =也!煤灰成分分離。總之，煤碳浆體可有效率地除！ 對；：Γ又’捕集劑的量如習知當未進行前處理時，相 =先=為原料的謀灰分級或粉碎，則相二 要〇·〇5〜i.〇wt%左右的少量即可。 又 飞能夠節省捕集劑同時’燈油等殘留在作為制 =中之情形較少，而使得浮選步驟後的^ 間早。又’即使是對於煤灰成分與未燃燒碳成分= 312XP/發明說明書(補件)/96-04/95148723 9 200827052 也能夠藉由表面改質後 被分離之流動式燃燒的飛灰而言 的浮選法而高度地除去未燃燒碳 【實施方式】 以下’參照圖式來說明本發明之實施形離。 去實施本發明之煤灰中之未燃燒碳除 去方法的5 又備主要疋由：用於除去在作 下，稱為飛灰）中之夫㈣石山沾、，十之媒灰（以 1除去未辦·… 級機1、將藉由分級機 部分的歧Μ粉碎或解碎的粉碎機 、將水加到已經被粉碎機1G粉碎的飛灰中 的漿體槽20、在將捕集劑添加在漿體後，對漿體及捕f 劑賦予剪斷力而將未燃燒碳之表面予以改質的高速= 碘在氣灰中的未燃燒碳附著在氣泡而上浮的浮選 5〇、將來自浮選機50的尾料予以固液分離的固液分離器 一將，自固液分離器、60❺塊體（cake)予以乾燥而得到 、工過乾秌之軋灰（製品）的乾燥機7〇、將來自浮選機的 泡沫予以固液分離而得到未燃燒碳的過濾壓床Ikr press)80所構成。 分級機1是為了除去飛灰a中之未燃燒碳而設的，藉由 振動裝置3使密閉容器狀之蒒本體2振動。篩本體心了 在其内部具有分級用的篩網4外，在其下方也具有用於承 接被分離之飛灰a的承接板5。該分級機丨雖然通常是使 用乾式，但也可以因應所需而使用濕式。當為濕式之情況 則必須要適當地填充水。 / 312XP/發明說明書(補件)/96-04/95148723 10 200827052 二:ι:円的？ (meSh)為2〇〜2〇Mm’更好是40〜100 、巳圍〇當篩網4的網目超過20〇em時，由於 燒石反的粒徑為q 〇 、禾…、 為5〜200 /zm左右，因此报難除去未燃燒碳。 徑為5〜1 nn田靖網4的網目未滿2〇 ^ m時’由於飛灰的粒 的顧慮。去Z""1左右’因此有飛灰大量地混入到未燃燒碳 而t二飞‘然燒碳的平均粒徑一般是20〜l〇0/zm，一般 的未你^ ^的平均粒徑約2〇私m為大’因此事先將粒徑大 勺未九，、^〇石厌予以分級較為有效。 部10係一用於將藉由分級機1除去未燃燒碳之一 =、飛灰（例如微粉碳燃燒爐的飛灰或流動式燃燒爐的 ' 、予以知碎或是解碎（將未燃燒碳與煤灰成分予以解 ::進：單體分離)者’可以使用乾式或濕式的球磨機、 3 ?乾式的鎚磨機或輥磨機。乾式的球磨機10a，如圖2 除了將多數的鋼珠12冑充在橫式的迴轉筒η 同τ /、入口 13具有原料供給用的管14，在出口侧具 =用於防止鋼珠跑出的多孔板15。元件符號16為用於誘 ¥被粉碎之飛灰a之圓錐型的導件。 水版彳日20疋為了以飛灰a與水ε來產生漿體4而設者， 在内^設有用於攪拌漿體d的攪拌葉片2卜在該聚體槽 2=的刚段设有飛灰槽25與水供給設備（未圖示），在漿體 才曰2〇的後奴具有將漿體d供給到高速剪斷混合機30的泵 22。 高速剪斷混合機3〇是為了對漿體及捕集劑賦予剪斷力 而將未燃k奴之表面予以改質而設者。該高速剪斷混合機 312XP/發明說明書(補件)/96·〇4/95148723 η 200827052 3〇 ’如圖3所示具備有圓筒狀之橫式 3;在其轴線方向分割成多個室之多個二 ^及呈放射狀地被固定在設於貫穿本體31之旋 圓板34之兩侧的多個攪拌葉片％， 作為二斤：’ ί “剪斷混合機3°的前段具有用於儲存 、木Μ之燈油的燈油槽27、及將燈油^供給 亲 男斷混合機30之入口的泵28。 ^ ^ ㈣槽45是一將從發泡劑槽55經由泵％供給的發泡 =等 ===剪:混合機3〇導入的漿體」而以低速 專予以“者，在内部具備有攪拌葉>1 46。在，蜩 二…後段則配置有將裝體d供給到浮選機5。的1 」于選機50係-讓飛灰的未燃燒碳附著在氣泡而使其上 =’分離成未燃燒碳（料frQth)與被除去了未燃燒碳的 飛灰（尾料）者，例如有在内部備有授拌葉片51的形式。 又’有在浮選機50的上方設有供給用於產生氣泡之空氣 g的空氣供給設備(未圖示)的情形及利用攪拌之自吸式的 情形。在該浮選機5G的後段則配置有用於將尾料h送到 固液分離器6 0的泵5 2。 固液分離器60是-為了將來自浮選機5〇之包含有飛灰 的尾料h予以固液分離而設者’將尾料h分離於塊體j與 水c。在此，固液分離機則利用離心式脫水機等。乾燥機 70則是-當被隨分離之塊體〗的水分值較目標值為高 312XP/發明說明書(補件)/96-04/95148723 12 200827052 時，為了利用來自熱風爐65的熱風m來乾燥從固液分離 益60所供給的塊體j而設者，被乾燥的塊體]·，亦即， 飛灰（製品）a則被利用作為水泥混合材料等。 袋式過濾器67是-為了從乾燥機7{)回收微粉末而設 者，連回收的微粉末也可以當作水泥混合材料來使用。袋 式過遽器80是-為了針對來自浮選機5〇之含有未燃燒碳 的泡沫1貫施固液分離而設者。χ ’從壓濾機8〇所排出 的水c則可以經由泵81而被再利用在漿體槽μ等。敎風 爐65則是-將從壓濾、機8G所排出的未燃燒碳^作燃料 而產生熱風，為乾燥機7 〇所利用而設者。 接著請一邊參照圖1〜圖3 —、息〜、口口，丄 y d邊况明上述設備的作動情 形0 :圖1所示，被投入到分級機！之原料的飛灰a藉由筛 =4=振動而被分級為飛灰a與未燃燒碳b。被分級的煤 於未燃燒碳會附著在其表面、或是飛灰與未燃燒碳 一起’因此被供給到粉碎機而被粉碎或是解 石午。另一方面，未燃燒碳b能翁古4 an m A ^殉有效地利用作為燃料。 私碎機1 0則將被供給到例 9Ήη ^ M j例如乾式的球磨機（參照圖 2)1 Oa的瓜灰a猎由迴轉筒 访斗、H▲丄 鬥之夕數的鋼珠12加以粉 砰或疋解砰，當為已經附著了未 衣β燒奴b之球形狀的飛灰 a柃，則如圖7所示般被解碎。一 ^ ， 为方面，當灰成分a/ 與未燃燒碳成分b，合在一起眸0ί ; 田火成刀 ㈣m u 起 則如®8所示，已經合 體的灰成分a與未燃燒碳成分h， ^ 一 bg被粉碎而分離。包 δ 了經過粉碎機1 〇之粉碎或菩 次疋解碎處理之未燃燒碳的飛 312ΧΡ/發明說明書(補件)/96-04/95148723 13 200827052 灰a則被儲存在飛灰槽25。 水灰槽25的飛灰a則被供給到漿體槽20而盘 %成為飛灰漿體d(以下稱為漿體d 體中的飛灰濃戶，制/ ! π 將水 内的t雕Η目丨 的範圍。在裝體槽20 方面;^則错由果2 2供給到高速剪斷混合機3 0。另一 28而供Γ作迷為 機3〇的入口則從燈油槽27經由泵 如輕油二:燈油6。除燈油之外，亦可使用例 對於:灰二Γ 一般的捕集劑。該捕集劑的添加量則相 ，灰凋整在0.05〜l.Owt%的範圍。 如=_!=體及捕集劑賦予煎斷力。剪斷力的賦予例 猎由圖3的高速剪斷混合機3〇來 斷混合機30的入口 38所供給的裝體及捕集齊則 =所分隔的各房室39内進行高速旋轉的= 而：賦予剪斷力。此時’藉由圓環狀的分隔㈣來防 路⑽咐卿小而能夠確實地對漿體及捕 口 。被賦予賴力且經表面改f的漿體從出 40排出，被供給至調整槽μ。 如^所述般，之所以要對飛灰漿體及捕集劑賦予剪斷 疋為了要對未燃燒碳的表面進行改質而提高浮選浮游 性。關於此點，參照圖9(a)〜圖9(c)說明。 / / 僅將捕集劑混合在包含飛灰的漿體，則不過是如圖g(a) 所不，成為飛灰a、未燃燒碳b和捕集齊丨e各別混合在水 c中之狀態。此種狀態下即使對浮選機供給漿體，與捕集 劑一起附著於氣泡的未燃燒碳之量會較少。因此，無法^ 312XP/發明說明書(補件)/96·〇4/95ΐ48723 200827052 %=:灰I之未燃燒碳有效率的除去。 進行表面改質日I對圖9(a)之裝體及捕集劑附加剪斷力而 貝日π ’則如圖 燃燒碳b之表面 」）所7^捕集劑e附著於未 9⑹所示，附著捕隹吏虽使用浮選機進行浮選時，如圖 上浮。如此-來，可/去的未燃燒碳b附著於氣泡n而 當藉高速剪斷mm之浮選浮遊性提高。此外， 對於漿體每單位漿體量，：及:集：附加剪斷力時， 3〇〜贿W之㈣力$附加最好是 碳I:東如圖i :示，將包含由浮選機5 0排出之未燃燒 機'機8G固液分離’回收未燃燒碳b。被 於;=/水分’藉泵81供給於漿體槽2〇，添加 附著於氣泡時的消泡。中’再使用於使未燃燒碳 :-方面，將包含來自浮選機5〇的飛灰之尾料匕以固 進行㈣分離。#塊體]之水分多於目標值 使由㈣機8〇排出的未燃燒碳b在熱風爐65中燃 凡，將此時4到的熱風m供給於乾燥機7{)而乾燥塊體j。 而未燃燒碳成分成為lwt%以下的乾燥飛灰（製品）則能夠 利用在水泥混合材料等上。又，連為袋式過渡器67所回 收的微粉也可以當作水泥混合材料等來使用。 在此’對漿體及捕集劑賦予剪斷力的手段除了高速剪斷 混合機外，也可以利用例如噴射器（educt〇r)。重要的是 要讓燈油等的捕集劑附著在未燃燒碳，而能夠對未燃燒碳 312XP/發明說明書(補件)/96_〇4/95148723 200827052 的表面進行改質即可。 (實施例1) 、藉由振動式的乾式分級機將飛灰（未燃燒碳成分5. 〇紂％) 分級為60 y m under ，而藉由乾式的球磨機（旋轉 數：6〇ΓΡΠ〇在5分鐘内將包含了已經分級之未燃燒碳的飛 灰（未燃燒峡成分3.5wt%)予以粉碎。 著將000ml的水與2〇〇g粉碎後的飛灰（未燃燒碳成 :3.5wt%)邊攪拌一邊混合而成為漿體。將燈油（捕集 劑）在〇. 1〜2. 5ml的範圍添加在該衆體，藉由以圖3所^ 之南速巧混合機30予以高速授拌（873聊）而對漿體及 燈油賦予剪斷力，寧# | & 士 進行改質。在也火中的未燃燒碳疏水化而對表面 完改質步驟後’將漿體供給到浮職，添 :讀當作發泡劑，藉由浮選操作讓未燃燒碳附著在氣 :而上浮。將該已經上浮的泡珠當作溢流成分而取出:： •，續進行5分鐘。從此時的燈油的添加量4:在 廷槽内之飛灰（製品：尾料）的未燃燒碳成分及飛灰（/口） ::收量的關係(參照圖⑻可知相對於飛灰以05:;;口） 右的油添率則飛灰（製品） · 左 但是當未騎^科丨=7=相G.5%以下。 進行分級後，當包含了經分未曰6式分級機將飛灰 式的球磨機粉碎時，則二== 飛， 二參:r°)。此外，圖”’實線== 的t月形，虛線為未經過前處理的情形。 m乃 312XP/發明說明書(補件)/96-04/95148723 16 200827052 (產業上之可利用性） 本發明適用在從在燃煤火力發 中所產生的煤灰中有敞次机動式燃燒爐等 【圖式簡單說明】 去未燃燒碳的情形。 於實施本發明之煤灰中之未燃燒碳 之e又備的概略構成圖。 、方法 圖2係粉碎機的剖面圖。 圖 說明圖。 圖 5严匕3:逮勇斷混合機之部分剖面的侧面圖。 係表示被單體分離之飛灰之表面改質浮選方式的 5係表示將煤灰成分與未燃燒碳成分經部分合體之 飛灰之表面改質浮選方式的說明圖。 刀口體之 圖6係表示流動式燃燒爐之飛灰之表面改質浮選 的說明圖。 碳之球形飛灰之分解粉碎狀 圖7係表示附著有未燃燒 況的說明圖。 圖8係表示已經合體之煤灰成分與未燃燒碳成分之粉 碎狀況的說明圖。 圖9(a)係表在添加捕集劑時的模式圖、圖9(b)係表在 表面改質時的模式圖、圖9(c)係在浮選時的模式圖。 圖10係表示燈油添加率與在尾料中所殘存之未燃燒碳 置的關係圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 分級機 312χΡ/發明說明書(補件)/96-04/95148723 17 200827052The ash component in the coal ash is separated from the unburned carbon component to further improve the separation between the ash component and the unburned carbon component. Therefore, it is not only the former Z•Pinus incinerator, but also the fly ash in the mobile furnace. • The flotation method using surface modification is also applied. Further, in the flotation step, by imparting a shearing force to the coal ash slurry containing the unburned carbon to which the collector is added, it is possible to increase not only the unburned carbon in the polymer, the coal ash into the I, and the collector. The dispersing effect also enables the active energy (surface energy) to be generated transiently in the table of the dispersed particles. In the step of transiently calming the surface of the moon, the surface of the non-coked carbon particles whose surface has been more oleophilic is in close contact with the surface of the collector particles to lower the surface energy of each other. Further, the surface of the coal ash component particles which have been more hydrophilic will be more compatible with water. In addition, the energy is gradually dispersed in the water. Drying 悻: Hunting is modified by surface modification, and the addition of a collector to the surface of the particle is stabilized to improve its lipophilicity' while in the latter stage of the flotation step.提咼》Selected the oceanic nature and became the flotation tailings and dispersed in = also! The coal ash component was separated. In short, the coal slurry can be efficiently removed! For;: Γ and 'the amount of the trapping agent, as is known, when the pre-treatment is not carried out, the phase = first = the ash classification or pulverization of the raw material, then the second 〇 · 〇 5 ~ i. 〇 wt% or so A small amount can be. Flying again can save the collector while the kerosene and the like remain less in the case of the system, so that the interval after the flotation step is early. And 'even for coal ash components and unburned carbon components = 312XP / invention manual (supplement) / 96-04/95148723 9 200827052 can also be separated by flow-type combustion of fly ash after surface modification The unburned carbon is highly removed by the flotation method. [Embodiment] The following describes the embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings. 5) The main method for removing the unburned carbon in the coal ash of the present invention is as follows: for removing the ash in the fly, which is called fly ash, and the ash of the ten ash, which is removed by 1 Unfinished... Class machine 1, a pulverizer that pulverizes or disintegrates by the division of the classifier portion, a slurry tank 20 that adds water to the fly ash that has been pulverized by the pulverizer 1G, and a collector After the addition of the slurry, the shearing force is applied to the slurry and the trapping agent to modify the surface of the unburned carbon. The high speed of the iodine in the gas ash is attached to the bubble and floated upward. The solid-liquid separator for solid-liquid separation of the tailings from the flotation machine 50 is dried by a solid-liquid separator, a 60-inch cake, and dried by a dry ash (product). The machine 7 is composed of a filter press Ikr press 80 which is obtained by solid-liquid separation of the foam from the flotation machine to obtain unburned carbon. The classifier 1 is provided to remove unburned carbon in the fly ash a, and the vibrating device 3 vibrates the body 2 in a closed container shape. The screen body has a screen 4 for grading inside, and also has a receiving plate 5 for receiving the separated fly ash a below it. Although the classifier is usually dry, it can be used in a wet manner as needed. In the case of a wet type, water must be properly filled. / 312XP / invention manual (supplement) / 96-04/95148723 10 200827052 Two: ι: 円? (meSh) is 2〇~2〇Mm' is preferably 40~100. When the mesh of mesh 4 exceeds 20〇em, the particle size of the burnt stone is q 〇,禾..., is 5~ About 200 / zm, it is difficult to remove unburned carbon. The diameter is 5~1 nn. The net of the Tianjing net 4 is less than 2〇 ^ m when the fly ash is a concern. Go to Z""1 or so 'so there is a large amount of fly ash mixed into unburned carbon and t fly two'. The average particle size of carbon is generally 20~l〇0/zm, the average is not the average of your ^ ^ The diameter is about 2 〇, and the private m is large. Therefore, it is more effective to classify the particle size of the granules beforehand. Part 10 is used to remove one of the unburned carbon by the classifier 1 , fly ash (such as the fly ash of a micro-powder burning furnace or the flow furnace), to know or to break (unburned) Carbon and coal ash components are solved:: In: monomer separation) 'Can use dry or wet ball mill, 3 ? dry hammer mill or roller mill. Dry ball mill 10a, as shown in Figure 2 except for the majority The steel ball 12 is filled in the horizontal rotary cylinder η with the τ /, the inlet 13 has the tube 14 for supplying the raw material, and on the outlet side is the perforated plate 15 for preventing the steel ball from running out. The component symbol 16 is used for the attraction. The conical guide of the pulverized fly ash a. The water plate is set up for the purpose of generating the slurry 4 by the fly ash a and the water ε, and the stirring blade 2 for stirring the slurry d is provided inside. A fly ash tank 25 and a water supply device (not shown) are provided in the rigid section of the polymer tank 2 =, and the slurry slave is supplied to the high-speed shear mixer 30 in the slurry. Pump 22. The high-speed shear mixer 3 is designed to impart a shearing force to the slurry and the collector to modify the surface of the unburned k slave. Shear mixer 312XP/Invention manual (supplement)/96·〇4/95148723 η 200827052 3〇' As shown in Fig. 3, there is a cylindrical horizontal type 3; in the axial direction, it is divided into a plurality of chambers. And a plurality of agitating blades % radially disposed on both sides of the circular circular plate 34 penetrating the body 31 as two kilograms: ' ί "The cutting section of the shearing mixer has a front section of 3° for storage The lamp oil tank 27 of the hibiscus lamp oil and the pump 28 for supplying the lamp oil to the inlet of the male-male mixer 30. ^ ^ (4) The tank 45 is a foaming supply from the blowing agent tank 55 via the pump %= ===shear: the slurry introduced by the mixer 3〇 and the "slurry is provided at a low speed." The inside is equipped with a stirring blade > 1 46. In the latter part, the package d is supplied to the flotation. Machine 5's 1" in the selection machine 50 series - let the unburned carbon of the fly ash adhere to the bubble and make it = 'separate into unburned carbon (material frQth) and fly ash from which unburned carbon is removed (tail material) For example, there is a form in which the mixing blade 51 is provided inside. Further, there is an air supply device for supplying air g for generating bubbles above the flotation machine 50. In the case of the preparation (not shown) and the self-suction type using the agitation, a pump 5 2 for conveying the tailings h to the solid-liquid separator 60 is disposed in the subsequent stage of the flotation machine 5G. The burner 60 is configured to separate the tailings h from the block j and the water c in order to solid-liquid separation of the tailings h containing the fly ash from the flotation machine 5, where the solid-liquid separator is Use a centrifugal dewatering machine, etc. The dryer 70 is - when the moisture value of the separated block is higher than the target value 312XP / invention manual (supplement) / 96-04 / 95148723 12 200827052, in order to utilize The hot air m from the hot blast stove 65 is used to dry the block j supplied from the solid-liquid separation benefit 60, and the dried block], that is, the fly ash (product) a is used as a cement mixed material or the like. . The bag filter 67 is designed to recover fine powder from the dryer 7{), and the recovered fine powder can also be used as a cement mixed material. The bag filter 80 is designed to provide solid-liquid separation for the foam containing unburned carbon from the flotation machine. The water c discharged from the filter press 8 can be reused in the slurry tank μ or the like via the pump 81. In the hurricane furnace 65, hot air is generated by using unburned carbon discharged from the press filter and the machine 8G as a fuel, and is used for the dryer 7 〇. Then, please refer to Figure 1 to Figure 3 -, interest ~, mouth, 丄 y d, the situation of the above device is shown as 0: as shown in Figure 1, it is put into the classifier! The fly ash a of the raw material is classified into fly ash a and unburned carbon b by sieve = 4 = vibration. The classified coal adheres to the surface of the unburned carbon, or the fly ash is combined with the unburned carbon. Therefore, it is supplied to the pulverizer to be pulverized or lysed. On the other hand, the unburned carbon b can effectively utilize the 4 an m A ^ 作为 as a fuel. The private crusher 10 will be supplied to the example 9Ήη ^ M j such as a dry ball mill (refer to Fig. 2) 1 Oa's melon ash a hunted by the revolving cylinder, H 丄 之 的 的 的 钢 钢 加以 加以 加以Or 疋 砰 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , In the aspect, when the ash component a/ is combined with the unburned carbon component b, 眸0ί; the field fire knife (4) m u is as shown in the ®8, the ash component a and the unburned carbon component h, ^ A bg is pulverized and separated. δ 了 了 经过 经过 经过 经过 经过 发明 ΧΡ ΧΡ ΧΡ ΧΡ ΧΡ ΧΡ ΧΡ 96 96 96 96 96 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / The fly ash a of the water ash tank 25 is supplied to the slurry tank 20, and the disk % becomes the fly ash slurry d (hereinafter referred to as the fly ash rich in the slurry d body, made / ! π will t in the water The scope of the inspection. In the aspect of the body tank 20; ^ is supplied from the fruit 2 2 to the high-speed shear mixer 30. The other 28 is used as the inlet of the machine 3 from the lamp oil tank 27 via the pump For example, light oil 2: lamp oil 6. In addition to kerosene, it can also be used as follows: ash bismuth general collector. The amount of the collector added is phase, the ash is in the range of 0.05~l.Owt% For example, the =_!= body and the collector impart a frying force. The shearing force is given by the high-speed shear mixer of Fig. 3 to cut off the body and the supply of the inlet 38 of the mixer 30. Qi = = high-speed rotation in each compartment 39 separated by: and: to give the shearing force. At this time, 'by the ring-shaped partition (four) to prevent the road (10) 咐 小 small and can reliably grasp the slurry and catch The slurry which is given a reliance and is surface-modified is discharged from the outlet 40 and supplied to the adjustment tank μ. As described in the above, the reason why the fly ash slurry and the collector are sheared is to be Unburned carbon table The surface is modified to improve the flotation floatation. This point will be described with reference to Fig. 9(a) to Fig. 9(c). / / Only the collector is mixed in the slurry containing fly ash, but it is as shown in the figure. g(a) No, it is a state in which fly ash a, unburned carbon b, and trapping 丨e are mixed in water c. In this state, even if the slurry is supplied to the flotation machine, together with the collector The amount of unburned carbon attached to the bubble will be less. Therefore, it is impossible to remove the unburned carbon of the ash I. 312XP/Invention Manual (Supplement)/96·〇4/95ΐ48723 200827052 %=: The mass day I attaches a shearing force to the package and the collector of Fig. 9(a), and the surface of the burning carbon b is as shown in Fig. 9). The collector agent e adheres to the not shown in Fig. 9 (6). Although the flotation machine uses the flotation machine for flotation, the figure is floating. In this way, the unburned carbon b that can be/removed adheres to the bubble n and the floatation property is improved by the high-speed shearing mm. In addition, for the amount of slurry per unit of slurry, and: set: when additional shear force, 3 〇 ~ bribe W (four) force $ additional is best carbon I: East as shown in i: show, will contain by flotation The unburned machine 'machine 8G solid-liquid separation' discharged from the machine 50 recovers unburned carbon b. It is supplied to the slurry tank 2 by the pump 81; and the defoaming when it adheres to the bubble is added. The medium is reused for the unburned carbon:-, and the tailings of the fly ash containing the floc from the flotation machine are separated by solid (4). The moisture of the #块体 is more than the target value, so that the unburned carbon b discharged from the (4) machine 8 is burned in the hot blast stove 65, and the hot air m at this time is supplied to the dryer 7{) to dry the block j. . On the other hand, a dry fly ash (product) having an unburned carbon component of 1 wt% or less can be used in a cement mixed material or the like. Further, the fine powder recovered by the bag type transition unit 67 can also be used as a cement mixed material or the like. Here, means for imparting a shearing force to the slurry and the collecting agent may be, for example, an eductor, in addition to a high-speed shearing mixer. It is important to allow the collector such as kerosene to adhere to unburned carbon, and to modify the surface of unburned carbon 312XP/invention specification (supplement)/96_〇4/95148723 200827052. (Example 1) The fly ash (unburned carbon component 5. 〇纣%) was classified into 60 ym under by a vibrating dry classifier, and by a dry ball mill (rotation number: 6 〇ΓΡΠ〇 at 5) The fly ash (3.5 wt% of unburned isthmus) containing the unburned carbon that has been classified is pulverized in minutes. The ash after crushing 000 ml of water and 2 〇〇g (unburned carbon: 3.5 wt%) Mixing and stirring to form a slurry. The kerosene (collector) is added to the body in the range of 1 to 2. 5 ml, and is rapidly transferred by the South Speed Mixer 30 shown in Fig. 3. Mixing (873 chat) and imparting shearing force to the slurry and kerosene, Ning # | & Shi to upgrade. After the unburned carbon in the fire is hydrophobized and the surface is finished after the upgrading step, the slurry is supplied to Float, Tim: Read as a blowing agent, let unburned carbon adhere to the gas by flotation: and float up. Take the already floating beads as an overflow component:: •, continue for 5 minutes The amount of kerosene added from this time 4: unburned carbon component and fly ash (/mouth) of fly ash (product: tailings) in the trough: Relationship (refer to Figure (8), it can be seen that the oil addition rate to the fly ash is 05:;; mouth). The right oil addition rate is fly ash (product). · Left but when not riding ^ 丨 = 7 = phase G. 5% or less. When the ball mill of the fly ash type is crushed by the splitter type 6 classifier, then two == fly, two parts: r°). In addition, the figure "'solid line == t-shaped, the dotted line is the case without pre-processing. m is 312XP / invention manual (supplement) /96-04/95148723 16 200827052 (industrial availability) The invention is applicable to the case where there is an open-circuit type combustion furnace in the coal ash generated in the coal-fired power generation, etc., and the unburned carbon is used in the coal ash of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the pulverizer. Fig. 5 is a side view of a part of the cross section of the mixer, showing the fly ash separated by the monomer. The surface system of the surface modification flotation method is an explanatory diagram showing the surface modification flotation method of the fly ash partially combined with the coal ash component and the unburned carbon component. Fig. 6 of the blade body shows the flight of the flow burner Explanation of the surface modification of flotation of ash. Decomposition and pulverization of spherical fly ash of carbon Figure 7 shows an illustration of the unburned condition attached. Fig. 8 shows the pulverization of the coal ash component and unburned carbon component which have been combined. An illustration of the situation. Figure 9(a) shows the addition of a collector. The mode diagram at the time, FIG. 9(b) is a pattern diagram at the time of surface modification, and FIG. 9(c) is a pattern diagram at the time of flotation. FIG. 10 shows the kerosene addition rate and the residual in the tailings. Diagram of unburned carbon. [Main component symbol description] 1 Classifier 312χΡ/Invention manual (supplement)/96-04/95148723 17 200827052
2 篩本體 3 振動裝置 4 篩網 5 承接板 10a 球磨機 11 迴轉筒 12 鋼珠 14 管 15 多孔板 16 導引部 20 漿體槽 21 攪拌葉片 22 泵 25 飛灰槽 27 燈油槽 28 泵 30 高速剪斷混合機 31 本體 32 分隔壁 33 旋轉轴 34 圓板 35 攪拌葉片 36 馬達 37 減速機 312XP/發明說明書(補件)/96-04/95148723 18 200827052 38 入口 45 調整槽 46 攪拌葉片 47 泵 50 浮選機 51 攪拌葉片 52 泵 55 發泡劑槽 56 泵 60 固液分離器 65 熱風爐 67 袋式過濾器 70 乾燥機 80 壓濾機 81 泵 a 煤灰 b 未燃燒碳 c 水 d 漿體 e 燈油 f 發泡劑2 Sieve body 3 Vibrating device 4 Screen 5 Supporting plate 10a Ball mill 11 Rotating cylinder 12 Steel ball 14 Tube 15 Perforated plate 16 Guide 20 Slurry tank 21 Stirring blade 22 Pump 25 Fly ash tank 27 Lamp oil tank 28 Pump 30 High speed shear Mixer 31 Body 32 Partition wall 33 Rotary shaft 34 Disc 35 Mixing blade 36 Motor 37 Reducer 312XP / Invention manual (supplement) / 96-04/95148723 18 200827052 38 Inlet 45 Adjustment groove 46 Mixing blade 47 Pump 50 Flotation Machine 51 Mixing blade 52 Pump 55 Foaming agent tank 56 Pump 60 Solid-liquid separator 65 Hot air furnace 67 Bag filter 70 Dryer 80 Filter press 81 Pump a Coal ash b Unburned carbon c Water d Slurry e Lamp oil f Foaming agent
Shi 氣料沫 空尾泡 312XP/發明說明書(補件)/96-04/95148723 19 200827052 j 塊體 m 熱風 -a’ 灰成分 ，b’ 未燃燒碳成分Shi gas foam empty tail bubble 312XP / invention manual (supplement) /96-04/95148723 19 200827052 j block m hot air -a' ash composition, b' unburned carbon composition
312XP/發明說明書(補件)/96-04/95148723 20312XP/Invention Manual (supplement)/96-04/95148723 20