TW200821073A - Process for the manufacture of a heat exchanger - Google Patents
Process for the manufacture of a heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW200821073A TW200821073A TW096133300A TW96133300A TW200821073A TW 200821073 A TW200821073 A TW 200821073A TW 096133300 A TW096133300 A TW 096133300A TW 96133300 A TW96133300 A TW 96133300A TW 200821073 A TW200821073 A TW 200821073A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- aluminum
- layer
- corrosion
- ribs
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 potassium-aluminum tetrafluoride compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;iron Chemical compound [AlH3].[Fe] KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- SKFYTVYMYJCRET-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium;tetrafluoroalumanuide Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[Al+3].[K+] SKFYTVYMYJCRET-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 229910052705 radium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N radium atom Chemical compound [Ra] HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLORJRJHBLHPPD-UHFFFAOYSA-J [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+] Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+] XLORJRJHBLHPPD-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005363 electrowinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000374 eutectic mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0012—Brazing heat exchangers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/126—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element consisting of zig-zag shaped fins
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
- F28F19/06—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/14—Heat exchangers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
- F28B1/06—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using air or other gas as the cooling medium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
- Y10T29/49377—Tube with heat transfer means
- Y10T29/49378—Finned tube
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
Description
200821073 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種用於製造熱交換器之方法,其包括專 利請求項1之特徵。 【先前技術】 Ο 許多年來,空氣冷卻式熱交換器已被用於再冷卻蒸汽, 特別在發電薇技術中。此等熱交換器包括熱交換器束列, 其係以A形方式來安置,從而冷凝導管内部之蒸汽。至環 境空氣之熱轉移作用可藉由連接至導管之肋狀物而得以改 良。為了盡可能確保數十年之運作壽命,抗腐姓性對於此 等空氣冷卻式熱交換器而言是必要的。由於此原因,曾作 出許多努力來以抗腐#方式設計熱交換器之熱交換器導 管。自美國專利說明書5,042,574,已知可例如藉由使用銘 石夕焊料而在回火爐中將鑛銘平坦導管連接至以波狀方式而 摺疊之銘肋狀物腹板。此類型之連接法的缺陷為:谭接連 接僅可藉由採取鍍財坦導管之迁迴方式及/或藉由經覆 鑛之銘肋狀物而達成。除了由於需準備多種不同材料而招 致相對較高之費用以外’其另外所涉及的缺點為··在周邊 上由至少一縱向炼接縫所封閉之平坦導管在溶接區中可能 不被鑛銘,因為否則其不可能確保適當熔接。包含摺疊式 銘肋狀物腹板之平坦鋼導管的硬焊所呈現的問題為:焊接 必須在約崎之量值級(亦即,接近於銘的軟化溫度)之相 對^的溫度下執行。所需焊料通常由在稍低於銘之軟化 點時熔融之鋁矽共熔混合物谌 構成。在焊料熔融之前必須移 122267.doc 200821073 除連接表面之氧化層、但同樣地在接近於軟化溫度時液化 之助熔劑的選擇是困難的。因此,在焊接期間維持正確溫 度通常僅可根據經驗來判定。 因為鋁與鋼之溫度膨脹係數不同,所以可能會因為高焊 接溫度且因為後續冷卻至環境溫度而產生顯著之材料應 力,使得互連部分可能變形,在此情況下,若因為鋁層在 硬焊期間熔融而未適當地施加鋁鍍物或因為在鋼導管與鋁 鍍物之間形成中間鐵鋁層,則焊接連接甚至可能破裂。 因此,EP 1 250 208 B1中提議藉由使用辞鋁合金及藉由 使用以铯鋁四氟化物形式之特殊助熔劑來將焊接溫度自迄 今的大約600°C降低至介於37〇°c與47〇〇c之間的溫度範 圍。因為溫度較低,材料應力同樣地較不顯著。然而,在 處理助熔劑時,由於重金屬含量而需要採取特定保護性措 施,以便防止環境污染。 【發明内容】 依照此基礎,本發明之目的為提供一種用於製造熱交換 器之方法,其中將鋁或鋁合金之肋狀物配合於由鋼片製成 之具有能夠被焊接之外部防蝕層的熱交換器導管上,其中 可免用含重金屬之助熔劑,但仍能同時確保在防蝕層與鋼 導管之間不形成不合人意的鐵鋁中間金屬連接或此連接之 中間相,以便即使在更高之焊接溫度下仍能確保肋狀物與 熱交換器導管之間的穩固連接。 藉由具有專利請求項1及4之特徵之方法來實現此目的。 本發明之概念之有利的其他開發形成附屬請求項之主 122267.doc 200821073 題。 根據本發明之方法提供··藉由熔融浸潰來提選用於熱交 換器導管之製造的鋼片。熔融浸潰提選方法導致在所提選 產物上沈積防蝕層,以便保護基板以免受腐蝕侵蝕。
以往’在連績爐中清潔、再結晶或加熱熔融浸潰提選中 所採用之平坦產物,且在熔融金屬浴槽中發生實際熔融浸 潰提選之前將其冷卻至熔融金屬之溫度。當穿過浴槽時, 基板之兩側皆被塗覆有防蝕層。 然而,僅在熱交換器導管之外部上需要保護以免受腐 姓以往已知將包括具有封閉導管端之肋狀物的整個熱交 換為導官浸潰於熔融金屬中,以便為包括肋狀物之整個熱 父換斋導官提供防#層。然而,由於肋狀物之表面更大於 熱交換器導管之表面,&需要很大量之熔融金屬,從而增 加了顧及用於發電廠中水蒸氣之冷凝之熱交換器之尺寸的 成本熱乂換态導管之長度通常介於6與匕公尺之間,此 卜「而要相對較大之炼融浸潰裝置。此外,由於在後續 溶融浸潰中採用;t;、、w , ▲ 用呵/皿,在組件中會產生應力,從而導致其 變形。 相反地’根據本發明之方法則係:在熔融浸潰方法中預 ::二:方蝕層且將其自鋼片之一側移除(特別是以機械方 式移除)。以此方彳而# ΰ制# ^ 工成為無防蝕層之側隨後形成由此鋼 片1成之熱交換器導瞢 交換器導管之外部上 冑。因此,防㈣僅存在於熱 造方法弓丨起用於外部塗覆熱交換器導管之此製 上有效之結果且因此為極合乎經濟 122267.doc 200821073 的,即使吾人考慮到需要提供用於移除防蝕層之機器設備 的事實亦如此。 根據本發明之方法尤其適於用於在發電廠中冷凝蒸汽之 熱父換器之製造,因為用於給水之水化學性方面通常要求 在與蒸汽接觸之各表面上不能有非鐵金屬,諸如鋁或銅。 此外,在冷凝方法中形成磁鐵層,其保護熱交換器導管以 • 在内部上免受腐蝕,故在内部不需要額外保護以免受腐 敍。 本發明之一重要優點在於:在外部將使用防蝕層,其至 少含有鋅及介於0.5%與60%之間(較佳為4%與55%之間)的 銘。辞的存在可防止或減少形不合人意之金屬Μ中間鐵銘 層或鐵鋁連接之中間相(其在後續硬焊期間可能會導致以 ㈣用純鋼㈣的麟)。纟於不再需要以與迄今相同 之方式來考慮不合人意的金屬間中間鐵鋁層,故製造方法 同樣明顯地簡化,因為關於用於硬焊連接之溫度及時框的 C,/ #數範®1可經選擇為Α於以往詩結合難鋼導管之硬焊 連接之情況的參數範圍。 另外的優點為:可免除含鉋助熔劑。實際上,可與含有 銘及石夕之焊接材料一起使用基於鉀銘四氣化物之助溶劑。 根據本發明之方法的第一修改為··至少在某些區域中, 肋狀,上錢有焊接材料。詳言之,在形成波狀肋狀物腹板 之^刀之肋狀物的情況下,肋狀物之兩側皆鍍有焊接 劑’以便將此等肋狀物腹板在其面對熱交換器導管之表面 的各自側上連接至上述肋狀物。焊接至肋狀物之作業在此 122267.doc 200821073 情況下乃於波狀肋狀物腹板之弓狀區域中執行。經電鑛之 焊接材料在焊接程序期間熔融且流入待連接之組件之間的 各別焊接間隙中。 另替代實施例為··肋狀物未經塗鏟的,亦即,未被塗 覆有知接齊j,焊接材料經獨立地引入至肋狀物與熱交換器 導管之間的焊接間隙中。此程序所提供之優點為··對於肋 . 狀物,可使用更有利之起始材料。即使將焊接材料獨立地 € 引入至焊接間隙中,可靠的焊接仍是可能的。 在。亥之第二修改中,有可能省略肋狀物之焊接材料 及知料塗層之供應’然而,在此情況下,防蝕層係由含有 鋅及介於0.5%與60〇/〇之間的銘以及石夕之合金形《,且在此 情況下,焊接材料係由防蝕層本身形成。亦在此程序之情 ^下,鋼片未鍍有鋁層,但被提供有在熔融浸潰方法中所 把加之防蝕層’其同時構成焊接材料。當然,有可能的 是,亦在此修改之情況下,將焊接材料獨立地添加至連接 〇 區。不έ而喻,亦有可能對肋狀物進行焊料塗覆。最終, 可組合所有三個實施例,其中熱交換器導管上之防蝕層同 時形成用於焊接方法之必要焊接材料的該實施例為對於方 法技術及經濟原因之最有吸引力的解決方案。 無論採用哪一修改,若藉由自含有55%之鋁、43.4%之 鋅及1.6/。之矽之浴槽的熔融浸潰提選來製造防蝕層,則認 為該修改為有利的。在根據本發明之方法中,認為防餘層 中60%之銘的上限為理想的。原則上,然而,亦有可能: 此方法中使用具有顯著較低之鋁含量的防蝕層。詳言之, 122267.doc -11- 200821073 結含量可低於5G%。在另—實施例中,可_由自包含作之 層夕及u里稀土之鋅浴槽的熔融浸潰提選來製造防蝕 當焊接料’藉由所使用之㈣劑來扮演另-決定性角 . &:為了焊接之目的,必須藉由移除曾經存在之氧化層來 a:待、、、α合之區域之表面清潔至清潔金屬狀態,且其必須在 ' 帛接期間藉由使用助熔劑來進-步被保護以免受更新氧化 () ^ 展不.由鉀鋁氟化物(KA1F4)組成之助熔劑已 «,尤其有效的。t羊言之,應在受控氣氛(cab)中(特別 疋在氮氣氛中)執行該方法。 :慮到在根據本發明之方法中以機械方式移除防餘層中 之一者的事實,可能有利的是以變化之厚度將防钮層施加 至鋼片,且將二防蝕層中之較薄者予以移除。以此方式, 咸夕了比鋼更為貴重之塗層材料之損耗以及用於移除防钱 層之努力。 〇 移除防蝕層時較佳以機械方式(特別是藉由金屬移除處 理法)來執行。此可藉由旋轉毛刷來完成,因為毛刷之幾 何形狀同時允許對表面之精細處理。原則上,熔融浸潰方 '中所施加之防蝕層具有較小厚度,使得旋轉毛刷工具較 4 I於以、、二A之方式來特定地移除此等較小厚度。對於更 大之層厚度,當然,亦有可能安裝削削或刮削工具以先於 毛刷處理,以便執行腹板材料之粗略處理。測試已展示: 車{也衣備有金剛石之毛刷頭部會引起有利之處理結 果。 122267.doc -12- 200821073 一此等毛刷頭部可以使得其擁有較長使用壽命且同時展現 南移除效率之方式被組態。 I言而力,本發明之概念不排除在藉由旋轉毛刷之機械 夕牙、之後為其他精細處理步驟(若此變為必要的)。可想 到’在毛刷處理之後,I面經受研磨處理,在此情況下, 較沒有極精細之處理,亦有可能單獨藉由毛刷處理來實 現每-研磨頭部處理具有24()至1GGG微米之晶粒大小的表 面0
本發明在下文藉由圖式中所說明之工作實例而得以更詳 細地闡述。 【實施方式】 在圖1至圖3中,藉由丨來表示以用於蒸汽渦輪機之空氣 冷卻式冷凝設備之形式的用於熱交換器(未詳細圖示)之由 碳鋼組成之熱交換器導管2的壁。熱交換器導管2具有介於 6與12公尺之間的長度。根據圖1之實施例,熱交換器導管 2被提供有含有鋅(Zn)及鋁(A1)之防蝕層3。在熔融浸潰方 法中’將防蝕層3施加至壁1之外表面4。 圖1進一步展示:波狀肋狀物腹板5固定於熱交換器導管 2之所說明壁1上的適當位置中。肋狀物腹板5係由弓狀截 面7 —體式地互連之彼此平行地定向的複數個肋狀物2構 成。肋狀物腹板5係由鋁製成。其在兩側上藉由在焊接方 法期間炼融之含有鋁及矽的焊接材料8而被覆鍍。焊接材 料8含有介於7.5q/q與12%之間的矽。在受控爐氣氛中,將 KAIF4(鉀銘四氟化物)作為助熔劑而添加至焊接方法。在 122267.doc 13 200821073 焊接期間’焊接材料8置換助熔劑(未詳細圖示),且引起防 餘層3與肋狀物腹板5之弓狀截面7之間的連接。在焊接方 法中,在待互連之組件之介面中之極窄區内的原子之間發 生擴政又換。由於防蝕層3較佳含有55%之鋁、之辞 及1.6/〇之矽,故鋅的存在會引起鋼熱交換器導管2與防蝕 層3之間的穩固結合,然而,至少沒有顯著地形成會導致 削弱之強度的中間鐵鋁層。 根據圖2之實施例與圖1之實施例之不同之處在於:焊接 材料8未被鍍於肋狀物6上,但被獨立地引入至焊接間隙 中,且當然,藉由使用鉀鋁氟化物之助熔劑而被引入至後 者中。 在第三實施例中,如圖3中所說明,如圖1中所說明之以 經覆鍍之肋狀物之形式的焊接添加劑已被免除。同樣地在 彼處未添加如圖2所示之獨立焊接材料。而是,防蝕層3由 自55°/〇之銘、43.4%之鋅及1.6%之矽所生產之合金組成, 其藉由熔融浸潰提選而被施加至熱交換器導管2且在焊接 期間藉由使用KAIF4來繼續熔融以用作助熔劑,使得防餘 層3 —方面在肋狀物6之間直接接觸,且另一方面接觸熱交 換器導管2。防蝕層3中之鋅及鋁含量允許在由鋁製成之肋 狀物6與由鋼材料製成之熱交換器導管2之間均建立結合。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為穿過包含周邊肋狀物之熱轉移構件之導管之壁的 縱向截面; 圖2為圖1之根據另一實施例的說明;及 122267.doc -14- 200821073 圖3為圖1之在第三實施例中的說明。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 壁 2 熱交換器導管 3 防蝕層 4 1之表面 5 肋狀物腹板 6 肋狀物 7 9之弓狀截面 8 焊接材料 122267.doc - 15-
Claims (1)
- 200821073 十、申請專利範圍: -種用於製造_熱交換器之方法,其包含以下步驟: )十鋼片進行熔融浸潰提選,以便形成一防蝕層(3), 防蝕層(3)含有鋅及介於0.5%與60%之間的鋁; )將"亥防蝕層(3)自該鋼片之一側移除; )匕鋼片製造一熱交換器導管(2),該防蝕層(3)被提 供於外部上; d)提供由鋁5戈一鋁合金製成之肋狀物⑷; 幻提供一助熔劑; f) 在该等肋狀物(6)與該熱交換器導管(2)之該外部之間 的連接區域中提供一含有鋁及矽之焊接材料(8); g) 疒硬丈干方法中將該熱交換器導管(2)連接至該等肋狀 物(6) 〇月长項1之方法,其特徵在於:肋狀物(6)至少在某些 區域中鍍有該焊接材料(8)。 如:求項1之方法,其特徵在於:未經覆鍍之肋狀物(6) 藉由將4焊接材料(8)引入至該等肋狀物(6)與該熱交 、的V g (2)之間的焊接間隙中而焊接至該熱交換器導管 (2)。 種用於製造一熱交換器之方法,其包括以下步驟: )對鋼片進行熔融浸潰提選,以便形成一防蝕層(3), °亥防餘層(3)含有辞、介於〇·5%與60%之間的鋁以及 矽; b)將该防蝕層(3)自該鋼片之一侧移除; 122267.doc 200821073 C)由此鋼片製造一熱交換器導管(2),該防蝕層(3)被提 供於外部上; d) 提供由鋁或-鋁合金製成之肋狀物(6); e) 提供一助熔劑; )二/防蝕層(3)之形式而在該等肋狀物與該熱交換器導 吕之。亥外部之間的連接區域中提供一含有鋁及鋅之焊 接材料;g)在—硬焊方法中將該熱交換器導管(2)連接至該等肋狀 物(6) 〇 5 ·如請求項1至4中任一頂 員之方法,其特徵在於:該防蝕層 (3)乃藉由自一含 、v、 有5/°之鋁、43.4%之鋅及ΐ·6%之矽之 /合槽的熔融浸潰提選而產生。 6.如請求項1之方法,直转矜 一八,、特欲在於··該防蝕層(3)乃藉由自 s有5%之鋁、矽及與 而產 '稀土之辞浴槽的熔融浸潰提選8. 9. 如請求項1至4及6中任一項之方〜 熔劑為-種鉀鋁四氟化物化合物 如請求項1至4及6中任一項之方; 防蝕層(3)以各種厚度被施加至該^ 之較薄者被移除。 如請求項1至4及6中任一項之方> 餘層(3)之移除似機械彳/ 其特徵在於··該助 其特徵在於:該等 ’且該等防蝕層中 其特徵在於:該防 122267.doc
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JP2008105087A (ja) * | 2006-10-27 | 2008-05-08 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 鉄部材とアルミニウム部材の接合方法及び鉄−アルミニウム接合体 |
DE102009013322A1 (de) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-09-30 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Stoßfängeranordnung |
CN101698276B (zh) * | 2009-11-10 | 2011-08-31 | 广东万家乐燃气具有限公司 | 一种燃气热水器换热器的集热片与换热管之间的间隙填充方法 |
RU2419755C1 (ru) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-05-27 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Нббк" | Способ изготовления пластинчатого теплообменника |
DE202010010188U1 (de) * | 2010-07-14 | 2010-10-14 | Erbslöh Aluminium Gmbh | Wärmetauscher |
CN102350623A (zh) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-02-15 | 金龙精密铜管集团股份有限公司 | 一种铝合金热交换器的制造方法 |
FR3028023B1 (fr) * | 2014-10-29 | 2019-05-24 | Fives Cryo | Matrice d'echangeur de chaleur resistant a la corrosion et procede de fabrication d'une telle matrice |
DE102016210061A1 (de) * | 2016-06-08 | 2017-12-14 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Hybridgegenstands bestehend aus wenigstens einem ersten und einem zweiten Bauteil, die miteinander verbunden sind und aus unterschiedlichen Metallen oder Metalllegierungen bestehen |
WO2018020552A1 (ja) * | 2016-07-25 | 2018-02-01 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 熱交換器および空気調和装置 |
EP3561434B1 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2023-03-29 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Heat exchanger, method for manufacturing same, and refrigeration cycle device |
RU185179U1 (ru) * | 2017-06-27 | 2018-11-23 | ООО "ГидроТехАтом" | Теплообменная труба |
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US8191256B2 (en) | 2012-06-05 |
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EP2081722A1 (de) | 2009-07-29 |
EP2081722B1 (de) | 2011-01-26 |
AU2007308537A1 (en) | 2008-05-02 |
KR20090032084A (ko) | 2009-03-31 |
US20090307907A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
WO2008049383A1 (de) | 2008-05-02 |
ATE496719T1 (de) | 2011-02-15 |
AP2009004751A0 (en) | 2009-02-28 |
KR101044142B1 (ko) | 2011-06-24 |
DE102006050681B3 (de) | 2007-12-27 |
ES2360374T3 (es) | 2011-06-03 |
TN2009000005A1 (en) | 2010-08-19 |
EP2081722B8 (de) | 2011-03-02 |
AR063360A1 (es) | 2009-01-21 |
MA30909B1 (fr) | 2009-11-02 |
CN101489709A (zh) | 2009-07-22 |
CA2657473A1 (en) | 2008-05-02 |
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