TW200301793A

TW200301793A - Elastic element for clamping rails for rail vehicles

Info

Publication number: TW200301793A
Application number: TW091134961A
Authority: TW
Inventors: Dirk Vorderbruck; Helmut Eisenberg; Roland Buda
Original assignee: Vossloh Werke Gmbh
Priority date: 2001-11-30
Filing date: 2002-12-02
Publication date: 2003-07-16
Also published as: WO2003046285A3; AR037475A1; WO2003046285A2; DE10255916A1; AU2002365463A1; PE20030649A1

Abstract

The invention provides an elastic element for fastening rails, which is characterised by uniformly high robustness and longevity via optimised use properties. For this with an inventive elastic element the cross-section (Q) is adapted over the course of the overall length of the steel material to the loads occurring locally in operation. The invention also concerns a fastening system and a method, with which fastening elements according to the present invention can be manufactured easily and precisely.

Description

200301793 玖、發明說明 (發明次明應鈦明：發明所屬之技淅領域、先前技術 '内容 “方式及圖式簡單說明）【發明所屬之技術領域】發明領域本發明係有關一種用來將一軌道載具之軌道，尤並是鐵路軌條，夾持在一底座上的彈性 Μ及一供固緊軌遒的系統。此類型的彈性元件通常係由鋼所制 ” 一衣战’其會在加工程序中製成對其功能最佳的形式。它們一般會具有一鎖緊部，而可由此利用一適當的鎖緊元件，例^ ίο 15 螺栓，來與該底座鎖緊。通常至少有一支樓部會銜接於該鎖緊部’彈性扣持力將可經此來施加於軌道上。 C先前技】發明背景士在ΕΡ 1 1 16827 A1專利案中所揭之由-彈性鋼條所製成的彈性元件’乃具有—呈U形彎曲的鎖緊部，其上有二支腳各形成-支撐部。該等支撐部係被設計成開放環圈T 而使其自由端形成彎曲，並在該端與沿其方向的鎖緊部之間保留-距離。在該二環圈狀支撐部的各自由端與鎖緊部之間的距離’會小於該彈性元件的截面。此乃可防止數個同樣結構的彈性元件在-箱子内鈎接成一長串。故相較於 _的習知彈性元件即會有釣扣及串接之危險者，要取出單的彈n凡件自會較為簡單。如果要由該箱子内自動化地移除加工完成的彈性元件，此將會有特佳的效果。惟類似於所有習知的彈性元件’其缺點係它們會較重，且針對於它們的變形持性和重量，它們並未能理想地符合所有的 20 200301793 玫、發明說明實際需求。其它有關上述類型的彈性元件係被揭述於申請人的網址中，目刚可見於URL 邮 de/。它們的造型係由各種用途所需的狀況來決定。維修 5方便’枕木可預組，自動鋪軌等為其強調之重點。【每^明内溶1】發明概要依據上述習知技術，本發明的目的係在製成一種固定元件，其特點係經由最佳的使用性質將可具有均一的高強 10固性及長使用壽命。同樣地，一對應設計的固定系統將會被提供，及-種方法可使該等固定元件能被簡單且精確地來製成者，亦會被推薦。此目標首先係以一彈性元件來達成，其可將軌道彈性地固定在一底座上，依據本發明其材料之整個長度的截面 15係可順應操作時局部產生的負載。除此之外，上述目標亦可藉一軌道固定系統來達成，其中有-扣持力會藉由一依據本發明所設計的彈性元件來施加於該軌道上，而使該彈性元件被一鎖緊元件固接於一底座上。該鎖緊元件可由習知的螺栓或擔止件來構成，而 20該彈性元件係純以夾持來運作。依據本發明所設計之彈性元件，沿其材料之整個長度皆會具有一截面可適配局部施加的負載，而該彈性元件會以對各負載狀況最佳的方式來順應變形。該架設在各扣持軌道上的鐵路車輛所直接施加者。、= 200301793 玖、發明說明運订於執迢上時，在該彈性元件中所引起的振動亦被包含方、。亥負載中，其將會造成可觀的局部施力。 ίο 15 本發明能使該彈性元件之整個延伸長度的質量分佈適配於其固有振動形式（波型），而使在實際使用狀況下不會有”振組合發生。又，在相關的固有振動模式之振動波節处令貝里刀佈’將可藉由材料硬化來增加，該材料硬化係適當地機械加工超過一長度，其最好為形成該各元件之原始材料直仅的數倍，尤其是兩倍。同樣地，在相關固有振動之節點處’該材料的質量分佈及/或堅度亦可被以適當的截面來設計，而得有限地避免過大的振動發生。 ^其是’高頻率的固有振動亦可在某些結構中被防止 ’該等結構係例如至少選擇性地在彈性元件之表面上壓製成波狀形式。又其亦可經由適當的變形處理，來較佳地硬化或整形該彈性元件的表面。使用本發明亦可保證在執道上的牢固扣持，例如在火車以高速行駛通過的軌條區段，該軌道需要某些彈性，其必須在火車行駛通過時藉該彈性元件來補償。相反地，材料亦可被分散於較小負載的部段，或在須具有特殊彈性戍特殊變形特性的部段，而來特別細薄地形成較小的戴面，該載面並非完全固定，而係適配於不同的負載。以此方式 ’將能以最少的重量來達到材料的高效率使用，且同時本發明的彈性元件之使㈣性將能最佳化。將戴面調適於局部操作負載，係指調配該戴面的形狀 20 200301793 玖、發明說明和延。該截面可被調整成例如沿該彈性^件之材料的整個長度來改變形狀。此變化係可例如使該彈性在某一，疋的戴面壬圓形’亚隨著該材料延伸而逐轉變成摘圓印幵/水滴狀或貝殼狀等截面。同樣亦可使該戴面保持相同’而令其直徑改變。此外該戴面亦可隨其材料延伸而沿戴面積的寬度或高度方向來變化。 ίο 以惟無論如何’依據本發明基本上該截面形狀係可適配於局部產生的負載和各部段的結構需求。且，在成形本發明的彈性元件時’組合及儲存該等張力夹扣的需求亦須加以考慮。將本發明的造型設計成使其能供妥當抓持俾可容易山且自動地組合，將能更為有效。因此該等支撐部的自由端乃可被特別地成形為可供抓持的最佳形狀。 15200301793 发明 Description of the invention (Inventive sub-ming Ying Tingming: brief description of the technical field to which the invention belongs, a brief description of the prior art 'content' mode and drawings) [Technical field to which the invention belongs] Field of the invention The present invention relates to Rails of rail vehicles, especially railway rails, elastic M clamped on a base and a system for tightening the ballast. This type of elastic element is usually made of steel. It is made in the processing program in the form that is optimal for its function. They generally have a locking portion, and a suitable locking element, such as a 15 bolt, can be used for locking with the base. Usually at least one building part will be engaged with the locking part ', and the elastic holding force can be applied to the track through this. C Prior Art] The elastic element made of -elastic steel strip disclosed in the EP 1 1 16827 A1 patent has a U-shaped locking portion with two legs each Form-support. These supports are designed to open the loop T so that the free end is curved and a distance is maintained between that end and the locking portion in its direction. The distance 'between the respective free ends of the two loop-shaped supporting portions and the locking portion will be smaller than the cross section of the elastic element. This prevents several elastic elements of the same structure from being hooked into a long string in the box. Therefore, compared with the conventional elastic element of _, there is a danger of fishing buckle and stringing. It is relatively simple to take out a single spring n. If the processed elastic elements are to be removed automatically from the box, this will have particularly good results. However, similar to all conventional elastic elements, the disadvantages are that they will be heavier, and due to their deformability and weight, they do not ideally meet all of the actual requirements of 2003. Other related elastic elements of the above type are disclosed in the applicant's web address, and can be found in the URL post de /. Their shape is determined by the conditions required for various applications. Maintenance 5 convenient ′ sleepers can be pre-assembled, automatic rail laying, etc. for its emphasis. [Each internal solution 1] Summary of the invention According to the above-mentioned conventional technology, the purpose of the present invention is to make a fixed element, which is characterized by the best use properties, which can have uniform high-strength 10 solidity and long service life. . As such, a correspondingly designed fixing system will be provided, and a method that allows such fixing elements to be simply and accurately fabricated is also recommended. This objective is first achieved by an elastic element, which can elastically fix the track on a base. According to the present invention, the entire length of the section 15 of the material can be adapted to locally generated loads during operation. In addition, the above objective can also be achieved by a track fixing system, in which the holding force is applied to the track by an elastic element designed according to the present invention, so that the elastic element is locked. The fastening element is fixed on a base. The locking element may be formed by a conventional bolt or a stopper, and the elastic element operates purely by clamping. The elastic element designed according to the present invention will have a section along the entire length of the material that can be adapted to locally applied loads, and the elastic element will conform to deformation in a manner that is optimal for each load condition. Directly imposed by the railway vehicle erected on each holding track. , = 200301793 发明, description of the invention When it is ordered on the handle, the vibration caused by the elastic element is also included. Under the load, it will cause considerable local force. ίο 15 The present invention can adapt the mass distribution of the entire extended length of the elastic element to its natural vibration form (wave pattern), so that no “vibration combination” will occur under actual use conditions. Moreover, the related natural vibration The vibration node of the mode allows the Bailey knife cloth to be increased by hardening the material, which is appropriately machined over a length, which is preferably only several times the original material forming the elements, Especially twice. Similarly, at the node of the relevant natural vibration, 'the mass distribution and / or stiffness of the material can also be designed with a proper cross section to avoid excessive vibration to a limited extent. ^ It is' High-frequency natural vibrations can also be prevented in certain structures, such as at least selectively pressing the surface of the elastic element into a wavy form. It can also be suitably deformed to better The surface of the elastic element is hardened or shaped. The invention can also be used to ensure a firm hold on the track, such as a rail section through which a train travels at a high speed, which requires some elasticity. , It must be compensated by the elastic element when the train is passing. Conversely, the material can also be dispersed in a section with a smaller load, or in a section that needs to have special elasticity and special deformation characteristics, to be particularly thin Form a smaller wearing surface, the load surface is not completely fixed, but is adapted to different loads. In this way, 'the efficient use of the material can be achieved with the least weight, and at the same time the use of the elastic element of the invention The elasticity will be optimized. Adapting the wearing surface to local operating loads refers to the shape of the wearing surface. 20 200301793 Specifications, extensions, and extensions. The section can be adjusted, for example, along the entire length of the material of the elastic member. Length to change the shape. This change can, for example, make the elasticity at a certain level, and the surface of the sacral surface of the cymbal is gradually transformed into a cross-section such as a circle-shaped seal, a water drop, or a shell. The wearing surface can be kept the same, and its diameter can be changed. In addition, the wearing surface can also be changed along the width or height of the wearing area as its material is extended. The above cross-sectional shape can be adapted to the locally generated loads and the structural requirements of each section. Moreover, the need to 'assemble and store such tension clips when forming the elastic element of the present invention must also be considered. The present invention's The shape is designed so that it can be properly gripped and can be easily and automatically assembled, which will be more effective. Therefore, the free ends of these support portions can be specially shaped into the best shape for gripping. 15

使該截面能適配於操作時局部產生的負載狀況，將可令該彈性元件職具最佳的承受負載能力。局部作用的廣力 ’例如壓縮:撓曲或拉張應力等，皆可被用來設定該截面的尺:°同樣地’在構建該彈性元件的截面等，與車輛駛、口疋軌遏同柑產生的彈動或振動激盪所需程度亦可被考慮。 2〇士騎性讀的截面係可依據不同的負载來連續或逐漸 ^變。不同部段之戴面的連續轉變之優點係，在該材料総的負載尚峰將可被完全規避。該截面之逐步式不連續的又化將賴成一變形特性，而可用來最佳地配應於特定的知作狀況。供鎖緊或其它附件的播止物係例如可藉設計特殊的肩部來構成，其必須能牢固地抵接該彈性元件。 9 200301793 玖、發明說明 10 15 20 依據本發明的彈性元件乃可任意地設有-鎖緊部，A 在完全組合時能配接鎖緊元件，及支撐部等由該鎖緊部伸出，而在完全組合位置時能施—彈性扣持力於該軌道上。在該彈性元件係由-鋼條來被彎成該構件的情況下’若$ 鎖緊部如同習知者來設計❹形，且該等支撐部銜接於該鎖緊部的支腳，則會較佳。 —依據各固緊目的及操作時產生之負載，本發明的彈性凡件乃可具有一複雜形狀，其在不定向狀態下會沿數個命間方向來延伸。同樣地，亦可將計彈性元件設計成板狀: 而使其在不定向狀態下會呈扁平延伸。尤其是’該板狀設计乃可措冲壓或類似的方法來特別容易地製成。因此，取代t桿條材料來加工該材料條，其亦可由一板材來製成整、單f讀巾適合的原始材料且可妥當適配戴面者，係為一扁平而容易儲存的料材，其將可甚為容易地製造。另-種可取代由條狀材料來單體製造的方法，亦可由板材來製成本發明的彈性元件。針對於此’一具有側接支撐部的鎖緊部將可由—片狀金屬板來被切出。嗣該等支撑部可由該鎖緊部的平面被彎曲，而使它們在組合狀態時能對所要固持的軌道施以所需彈力。 :I月的彈性元件製成燁接結構亦^可行的。在此情=下:不同厚度的桿狀部將可被互相焊接，而使所形成勺早f兀件具有絕佳的彈性特性，或在其各部段具有同樣的最佳剛性。該等支撐部的末端應要特別注意。因為經由適當地成By adapting the section to the local load conditions during operation, the elastic element tool can withstand the optimal load capacity. Locally applied broad forces such as compression: flexure or tensile stress can be used to set the ruler of the cross section: ° Similarly, the cross section of the elastic element is used to construct the cross section of the elastic member. The degree of bounce or vibration induced by the mandarin can also be considered. 20 The cross section of the riding reading can be continuously or gradually changed according to different loads. The advantage of the continuous change of the wearing surface in different sections is that the load peaks in the material can be completely avoided. The stepwise discontinuity of the cross section will depend on a deformation characteristic, and can be used to optimally adapt to a specific known situation. The locking means for locking or other accessories can be constituted, for example, by designing a special shoulder, which must firmly abut the elastic element. 9 200301793 发明, invention description 10 15 20 The elastic element according to the present invention can be provided with a locking portion arbitrarily, A can be matched with the locking element when it is fully assembled, and the supporting portion is protruded from the locking portion. In the fully assembled position, an elastic retaining force can be applied to the track. In the case that the elastic element is bent into the component by a steel bar, 'If the locking portions are designed to be shaped like a conventional person, and the supporting portions are connected to the feet of the locking portion, Better. -According to various fastening purposes and loads generated during operation, the elastic element of the present invention can have a complex shape which will extend in several directions in a non-oriented state. Similarly, the elastic element of the meter can also be designed into a plate shape: it will extend flat when it is not oriented. In particular, the plate-like design can be made particularly easily by stamping or the like. Therefore, instead of using the t-bar material to process the material strip, it can also be made of a whole plate, a single raw material suitable for reading towels, and suitable for wearing, which is a flat and easy to store material. , It will be very easy to manufacture. Alternatively, the elastic element of the present invention can be made from a sheet material instead of a single-piece manufacturing method. In view of this, a locking portion having a side supporting portion will be cut out by a sheet metal plate.嗣 The supporting portions can be bent by the plane of the locking portion, so that when they are combined, they can exert the required elastic force on the track to be held. : I also made the elastic element of the joint structure ^ feasible. In this case: the rod-shaped parts of different thicknesses can be welded to each other, so that the formed element has excellent elastic properties, or has the same optimal rigidity in its various sections. Special care should be taken at the ends of these supports. Because properly

10 200301793 玖、發明說明形，它們的彈性及穩定性將可互相匹配，而使它們能最佳地達到其設計功能。為此目的，本發明乃依據特別實用的設計來提供該截面形式，其可保證在該等支撑部的自由端處具有最佳的負載彈性，同時具有最佳的承載牢固性。針 5對此乃可例如將該端部製編、水滴狀、橢圓形、多邊形 '或半球狀貝殼形等之截面，來增加該承載面積。又^ 亦可將該截面的邊緣形成對稱或不對稱的多邊形而來“ 。為使本發明之張力扣夾的能量吸收或支撐能力最佳化，當一截面形狀與大小係被選為要在該執道的橫向來確保該張朴夾的最佳彈性時，則其最好能使該彈性元件的彈性在該執道的橫向是最適於承載的。 15 依據本發明所製成之張力扣夹有關該等支偉部之一大優點係，該等支撐部的自由自由端端亦會被整型，而使該等張力扣夾全部具有最佳的振動特性。且，本發明的張力扣失位於對負載無關緊要區域的部 =尤其對張力無干之處，乃可被加寬而以容易看見的記 ^或塗漆佈設其上，俾在長久使用之後仍可毫無困難地來辨識本發明之-特別實用的設計係在於，該等支撐部之自由端與該鎖緊部之間的内寬度係小於該彈性㈣之整個材㈣小t面直徑此來設定該等支撐部自由端對鎖緊部最靠近點的距離，亦可確保以此創新設彈性元件不會互相釣接成串，不管⑽以任何又“來堆積時0為此目的，則亦可例如將—截面加寬 20 200301793 玖、發明說明之固^切料末喊。此亦能對連接於執道基部的自=上的彈性元件提供良好的支撐。又該等支標部同日士，可被向上f曲來儘量減少與該切部的距離。 ^ δ亥支撐部被向上彎曲的末端亦可被例如用持或鎖緊元件的擔止物。其亦可在該等切部的自由端上 =張部、凸拱肩部、或扁平冲壓的端部，來—方面阻 :產生最佳的彈性特性’且另—方面可防止本發明的彈性7^件在儲存時互相串接。以此方法’亦可使該等支撐部之各自由端與該鎖緊部之間的距離能被減少至一程度’而得有效地防止被存放在一箱體中之相同結構的彈性元件等串接成長鏈。 10 本發明的另一實施例係使該等支撐部首先由該鎖緊部刀開’亚以相反方向再會合，而使該彈性元件被設計形如 -封閉的材料環圈。此將可例如產生一最佳的彈性和支撐 15 效果。本^明之彈性元件的特殊優點係在於其截面可順應局部負載。因此，依據軌道的各操作情況（斜坡、彎曲、制動路段等）所產生的撓曲及扭轉負載狀況，將能被刻意地補強或設計於該彈性元件的個別區域中。因此，高應力的 20區域，即需要高局部彈性強度之處，將會永久地具有較大的戴面積，而較小負載的區域會保持相對較小的截面積。以減輕其材料重量並使其更經濟。本發明的彈性元件可依據所需的受力、張力、特定的彎曲對扭轉比例等來設計。為能例如在一張力扣夾的後支 12 200301793 玖、發明說明 5 10 15 樓點處達到最小的張力比例（整體相較的張力），乃可例如在該點處選用較厚的材料截面。反之，若較小的截面被選用於該支撑部處，則將可達到高張力比例。若例如在該等元件的彈性臂處需要高彎曲率，則將可使用較細的截面。 π要製成具有旋轉對稱截面而朝其支擇部自由端束縮之 :丨生兀件的第可仃方法係，由—含有鋼原料，尤其是彈簧鋼之線材分切成適當長度的線段；再將其各端部拉經一收縮工具的開孔’該工具會由其入口截面朝其出口截面收縮’故可形成一直徑軌線由該線段的中間部份朝其末端方向連〜地斜化’而該線段飼會被製成該彈性元件。當在此束縮操作過程中’鋼料會相對於移動的方向來流動，而使該線段造成所需的直徑縮減並同時伸長。依據本發明之另-種用來成形的滾壓方法，係由包含合’、；斗尤/、疋彈更鋼的線材來切成各線段，嗣該等線段會在—反轉的楔形工具之間被滾軋，而使該線段的至少一點處之戴面推拔斜縮。10 200301793 发明, description of the invention, their elasticity and stability will match each other, so that they can best achieve their design functions. To this end, the present invention provides the cross-sectional form according to a particularly practical design, which can ensure the best load elasticity at the free ends of the support portions, and at the same time the best load-bearing firmness. In this regard, the needle 5 can increase the load-bearing area by, for example, knitting the end portion, a drop shape, an oval shape, a polygonal shape, or a hemispherical shell shape. It can also form a symmetrical or asymmetrical polygon of the edge of the cross section ". In order to optimize the energy absorption or support ability of the tension buckle of the present invention, when a cross section shape and size are selected to be In order to ensure the best elasticity of the Zhang Pu clip in the transverse direction of the track, it is best to make the elasticity of the elastic element the most suitable for carrying in the transverse direction of the track. 15 The tension buckle made according to the present invention One of the great advantages of the clips is that the free and free ends of the support portions will also be shaped, so that all the tension buckle clips have the best vibration characteristics. Moreover, the tension buckle of the present invention Lost in the part that is not important to the load = Especially where there is no dryness to the tension, it can be widened and placed on it with an easy-to-see note or lacquer. 俾 can be identified without difficulty after long-term use A particularly practical design of the present invention is that the inner width between the free ends of the support portions and the locking portion is smaller than the small t-plane diameter of the entire material of the elastic frame. Distance to the closest point of the locking part It can also ensure that the innovative design of the elastic elements will not catch each other in a string, regardless of the "0" when stacked for this purpose, you can also, for example, widen the cross-section 20 200301793 玖, solid description of the invention ^ Shout at the end of the cut. This can also provide good support for the elastic element connected to the base of the track. Also, these branch sections are the same as the Japanese, and can be bent upward to minimize the distance from the cut section. ^ The end of the delta-height support that is bent upwards can also be used, for example, to hold or lock the element's support. It can also be on the free ends of these cuts = the ends of the tension, convex shoulders, or flat stamped ends, to-on the one hand: produce the best elastic properties' and on the other hand prevent the elasticity of the invention 7 ^ pieces are connected in series during storage. In this way, the distance between the respective free ends of the supporting portions and the locking portion can be reduced to a certain extent, so as to effectively prevent elastic elements of the same structure stored in a box, etc. Link up a growing chain. 10 Another embodiment of the present invention is that the supporting portions are first opened by the locking portion and then rejoined in opposite directions, so that the elastic element is designed as a closed loop of material. This will, for example, produce an optimal elasticity and support effect. The special advantage of this elastic element is that its cross section can adapt to local loads. Therefore, according to the operating conditions of the track (slopes, bends, braking sections, etc.), deflection and torsional load conditions can be intentionally reinforced or designed in individual areas of the elastic element. Therefore, the 20 areas with high stress, where high local elastic strength is required, will permanently have a larger wearing area, while the area with less load will maintain a relatively small cross-sectional area. To reduce its weight and make it more economical. The elastic element of the present invention can be designed according to the required force, tension, specific bending to torsion ratio, and the like. In order to achieve, for example, the rear branch of a tension buckle 12 200301793 发明, invention description 5 10 15 The minimum tension ratio (the overall tension) can be used at the point, for example, a thicker material section can be selected at that point. Conversely, if a smaller section is selected for this support, a high tension ratio will be achieved. If, for example, a high bending rate is required at the elastic arms of such elements, a thinner cross section will be used. π is to be made with a rotationally symmetric cross-section and bunched towards the free end of its optional part: The first method of the raw element is to cut the wire segment containing steel material, especially spring steel, into a suitable length ; Then pull each end through the opening of a shrinking tool 'the tool will shrink from its inlet section to its outlet section' so it can form a diameter trajectory from the middle part of the line segment towards the end direction ~ ground Beveled 'and the segment feed will be made into the elastic element. During this beam shrinking operation, the 'steel' will flow relative to the direction of movement, so that the segment will cause the required diameter to shrink and at the same time be extended. According to another rolling method for forming according to the present invention, the steel wire is cut into wire segments including wire rods, buckets, and / or bullets, and these line segments are in-reversed wedge-shaped tools. Rolling between them causes the wearing surface of at least one point of the line segment to be pushed and tilted.

、又另種在依據本發賴製成之彈性元件上造成其線、戴面义化的可仃方法係，將含有鋼原料，尤其是彈簧鋼 ?的線村，沿其縱長方向來滾軋於成型滾輪之間。以此方式 -、丨任何旋轉對稱的載面形狀皆可被製成。 *依據本發明所提供之彈性元件的負載相關造型，亦可 ::[尘拉在-含有鋼原料，尤其是彈箬鋼的線材上，來麼縮改變其戴面而形成，且一彈性元件係由壓型之後的線尹、泛範圍的戴面形狀將可使用此種冷軋成型And another alternative method of making the thread and wearing surface of the elastic element made according to the present invention is to roll the wire village containing steel materials, especially spring steel, along its longitudinal direction. Rolled between forming rollers. In this way, any rotation-symmetrical carrier surface shape can be made. * According to the load-related shape of the elastic element provided by the present invention, it is also possible to: [Dust is pulled on-a wire containing steel materials, especially elastic steel, formed by shrinking and changing its wearing surface, and an elastic element The cold-rolled shape can be used for the wearing shape of the wire Yin and the wide range after the forming.

13 200301793 玖、發明說明法來施加於該線材上。當在壓型時，該鋼料會同時沿橫向 ^縱向來流動。此將可造成㈣、懸形、雙頭形、梨形或其它的戴面形狀。圓形截面形狀亦可同樣地被製成，其中《型模係可例如在角度逐變的情況下以任何數次被置於該線材上而來成型。第二種可用來使線材形成精確旋轉對稱形狀的方法，係包括在一含有鋼材料尤其是彈簧鋼的線材上，利用二繞該線材之縱㈣轉的锻型模，來製成旋轉對稱的斜縮截: 至以銀I型之後的線材來製成一彈性元件。取後，的性凡件亦可利用—端塵模，在一含有鋼原料尤其是彈簧鋼的線材上鍛粗加大而來成形，並以端壓之後的線材來製成一彈性元件。以此方式，則大塊的部件，例如球體、片冑、錄體等’將可被特別地製設在支標部的自由端上。 15 2013 200301793 发明, Inventive method to apply to the wire. When being pressed, the steel material will flow in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction simultaneously. This can result in a sloppy, overhanging, double-headed, pear-shaped, or other wearing surface shape. The circular cross-sectional shape can also be made in the same manner, in which the "mold system" can be formed by being placed on the wire any number of times, for example, with the angle changing. The second method can be used to form the wire into a precise rotationally symmetric shape. It consists of using a forging die that rotates around the longitudinal direction of the wire on a wire containing steel, especially spring steel, to make a rotationally symmetrical Bevel cut: To make an elastic element from the wire after the silver I type. After taking out, all the parts can also be used-end-dust mold, forging and forming on a wire containing steel raw materials, especially spring steel, and forming an elastic element from the wire after end pressing. In this way, large parts, such as spheres, tablets, recordings, etc. ', can be specially made on the free end of the support portion. 15 20

在上述之後四種製造方法的情況下，各成型操作係在該線材被切分成線段之前或者之後來進行。當然，所上述的方法亦可互相組合’來使本發明的張力扣夹形成佳的可能形狀。不管該線材在被成型為彈性元件之前靡如何’此成型操作皆可任意地藉彎曲來完成，若該彎^In the case of the following four manufacturing methods, each forming operation is performed before or after the wire is cut into line segments. Of course, the above-mentioned methods can also be combined with each other 'to make the tension clip of the present invention into a good possible shape. No matter how the wire rod is formed before being formed into an elastic element, the forming operation can be completed by bending arbitrarily, if the bending ^

序係以多個步驟來進行，則其亦可考慮在二彎曲步驟之F ***一或數個整型步驟。製造本發明的彈性元件亦可藉冲屋來完成。此乃令其可將整個彈性元件或其個別部份，例如中央環圈或彈性部段，以冲壓來形成。 14 200301793 玖、發明說明圖式簡單說明本發明現將參照各實施例之圖式來說明如下，其中：第la圖示出第一彈性元件1的平面圖；第lb圖示出第一彈性元件1的立體圖； 5 第2a圖示出第二彈性元件2的平面圖；第2b圖示出第二彈性元件2的立體圖；第3a圖示出第三彈性元件3的平面圖；The sequence is performed in multiple steps, then it can also consider inserting one or several integer steps in F of the two bending steps. The manufacturing of the elastic element of the present invention can also be done by punching a house. This allows it to be formed by stamping the entire elastic element or its individual parts, such as the central ring or elastic section. 14 200301793 (1) Brief description of the invention The invention will now be described with reference to the drawings of the embodiments, wherein: FIG. 1a shows a plan view of the first elastic element 1; FIG. 1b shows the first elastic element 1 FIG. 2a shows a plan view of the second elastic element 2; FIG. 2b shows a perspective view of the second elastic element 2; FIG. 3a shows a plan view of the third elastic element 3;

第3b圖示出第三彈性元件3的立體圖；第4a圖示出第四彈性元件4的平面圖； 10 第4b圖示出第四彈性元件4的立體圖；第5a圖示出第五彈性元件5的平面圖；第5b圖示出第五彈性元件5的立體圖；第6a圖示出第六彈性元件6的平面圖；第6b圖示出第六彈性元件6的立體圖； 15 第7a圖示出第七彈性元件7的平面圖；Figure 3b shows a perspective view of the third elastic element 3; Figure 4a shows a plan view of the fourth elastic element 4; 10 Figure 4b shows a perspective view of the fourth elastic element 4; Figure 5a shows a fifth elastic element 5 Figure 5b shows a perspective view of the fifth elastic element 5; Figure 6a shows a plan view of the sixth elastic element 6; Figure 6b shows a perspective view of the sixth elastic element 6; 15 Figure 7a shows a seventh Plan view of the elastic element 7;

第7b圖示出第七彈性元件7的立體圖；第8a圖示出第八彈性元件8的平面圖；第8b圖示出第八彈性元件8的立體圖；第9a圖示出第九彈性元件9的平面圖； 20 第9b圖示出第九彈性元件9的立體圖；第10a圖示出第十彈性元件10的平面圖；第10b圖示出第十彈性元件10的立體圖；第11a圖示出第十一彈性元件11的平面圖；第lib圖示出第十一彈性元件11的立體圖； 15 200301793 玖、發明說明第12a圖示出第十二彈性元件2〇的平面圖；第12b圖示出第十二彈性元件2〇的立體圖。 I：實施方式】較佳實施例之詳細說明 5 該彈性元件1代表本發明之彈性元件的基本型式。其係由一彈簧鋼條材料單體地彎曲形成，而具有一呈U形的鎖緊部12。該鎖緊部12的圓曲部i2a係被作為該彈性元件i 的前側V，當組合後其會抵貼於軌條（未示出）上。設在該圓曲部12a相反端之該鎖緊部12的通道丨3，則係位於該彈 10性兀件1的後側R。該鎖緊部丨會大致延伸於一平面中，當組合後該平面會對齊水平面。 σ亥鎖緊部12的支腳12c，12d會側向地限界該通道13，亚會轉變成一支撐部14和15。由各支腳12c或12d末端伸出的支撐部14，15首先會向内並朝下延伸，因此該通道13會 15變窄。以此方式，該鎖緊部12會圍成一開孔16，當組合時螺栓將能經此來被可靠地導入。硐，在該等支撐部14，1 5向下並朝内延伸的過程中，將會被彎曲形成承支部143，15a，若由前侧視之，它們會分別朝該彈性元件1的左方或右方來互相分開。在該彈性 20兀件1的材料延伸通過一最源點之後，其會在一朝上處轉變方向而彎曲形成一彈臂部14b或l5b，並平行於該鎖緊部 12來延伸，再經由朝下及向内的彎曲來形成端部14c，15c 等忒等端部Me，15c會共同平貼於一位在鎖緊部12平面底下之一平行平面中。 16 200301793 玖、發明說明該彈性元件1之個別部段的截面Q係可配應於操作時所產生的負載。故在該承支部14a，l5a及具有圓形截面形狀之區域處，該彈性元件丨會相對於其它部段具有較大的厚度，即較大的截面。由該較粗的承支部14a ,丨化開始，各 5支撐部14，15會推拔逐縮歷經該彈臂部14b，15b，直到它們達到最後的厚度，即在各端部14c，15c區處的最小截面為止。在該鎖緊部12區域中之桿條材料的截面，係介於該等承支部14a，15a區域的最大截面與該等端部14c，15c之 · 間。該彈性元件i之不同厚度的各部段會連續地互相併合 10 ，故能防止張力高峰產生。以此方式，該彈性元件i將能具有一高動態疲乏強度以及最小的整體張力，因此可得一高扭轉比，尤其是在後側的承支部14a，l5a主要會具有最小的彎曲負載。該等彈臂部14b，15b亦會較剛硬，而承抵在軌道基部的較細端部 15 14c，15c則會具有高彈性。相反於上述彈性元件w示出的基本形狀類型，則以彈性元件2為代表。在該彈性元件2中，其鎖緊部12係由二互相平行延伸的柱狀部12c ’ 12d所構成，它們的自由端則會在前側v方向來對齊。而在後淑處，各柱狀部12e， · 2〇⑶會呈狐狀彎曲形成承支部…，…，並朝外及向下伸 · 展，然後如同彈性元件1 ,又再朝上彎曲且平行於柱狀部 12c 12d來4曲形成彈臂部14b，⑸等。該等彈臂部⑽ ㈣曰向内及向下’曾曲延伸形成—連接部η通過柱狀部12C ’⑶的自由端底下，並使該二彈臂部14b，15b互相 17 200301793 玖、發明說明連接，其在組合後會壓抵於要被固持的執道基部。在製造該第二彈性元件2時，係可由一具有卵形截面的桿條材料來製成，其會被依據上述方式來部份水平、部份垂直或/及以一角度歪斜地彎曲。 5 以下之各彈性元件^㈠+及⑴系依據前述彈性元件1的基本形式來製成。在彈性元件3中，除了該彈性元件丨之構造以外，更有凸體14d，15d等朝鎖緊部12的方向凸出，而被設在該等支撐部14, 15的端部14c，i5c處。該等凸體14d，15d係高得足以使凸體Ud，15d的頂部與 1〇該圓曲部12a之間的内寬纟，小於該彈性元件3之最細處的截面直徑。為了相同的目的，在彈性元件4中其端部丨化，15(；會被向上彎曲，而使其末端垂直朝上，且只有其彎曲部位會承支於要被固持的軌道基部。但為使該軌道的支樓具有所 Μ需的彈性’在該彈性元件4中的彈臂部⑽，…等，仍具有圓形截面惟相對於彈性元件！會明顯縮減。又在該鎖緊部12的區域中，其材料厚度亦明顯小於在彈性元件1令者，以使该彈性元件3能達到所需的整體彈性。而該彈性元件6的基本形狀完全相當於彈性元件i，惟 20其端部14c, 15c相對於彈臂部Mb，⑽具有明顯較大的厚度。因此具有相對較小截面的彈臂部⑽⑽會承擔所有大部份的彈性操作，而該彈性元件6的其餘部份會核性。 _性元件7的基本形狀亦完全相當於彈性元件】，惟 18 200301793 玖、發明說明其承支部14a，15a的厚度比在彈性元件者更大。因此 ’在該截面增大的區域中’將能以隨之增大的剛性來造成增大的扭力吸收能力。同日寺，該彈性元件7的彈性操作性能將會由支撐部14，1 5的較細端部][4c，丨5c來決定。 5 比較该基本形狀對應於彈性元件1的彈性元件8，其在彈臂部14b ’ 15b及端部14c，15c亦被設計成比在承支部 14a，15a和鎖緊部12處的材料更厚甚多。因此該彈性元件 8的彈性實質上係由承支部14a，15a的造型來決定，而該馨等彈臂部14b，15b會因其較大的截面而具有高剛性及較小 10 的彈性。在上述各張力扣夾中的個別部段皆會連續地緩和漸變互相合併，而在第11a與Ub圖中所示之彈性元件n的截面變化則會非漸變地發生。該彈性元件u的基本形狀亦對應於彈性元件1，而呈現較細的端部14c，15c會具有較小的 15截面。由該端部14c，15c開始其截面會保持幾乎固定，一直到大約該彈臂部14b，15b長度的三分之二附近處。嗣會有第一次不連續的厚度增加，而使該等彈臂部14b，i 5b在與各承支部14a，15a交界處之間的部段具有一中等（平均）直徑。由該彈臂部14b，15b至承支部14a，15a的轉變處，、 ?〇其戴面會再度不連續地增加，因此在該等承支部14a，15a ^ 的區域會具有最大的厚度及最大的剛性和最大的扭力吸收此力。又於類似的兩個階段中，該承支部l4a，l5a的較大戴面將會減至在鎖緊部12區域處之材料的較小戴面。 σ亥彈性元件5的基本造型亦類似於前述彈性元件1，十全 19 200301793 玖、發明說明其支撐部14, 15的端部14c，以係利用一特小截面尺寸的連接部18來互相連結。其中該等端部⑷，以係由彈臂部 Hb ’ 15b的末端伸出並被劇烈地㈣，而使它們連續地逐變形成較薄的連接部18，錄於該彈性元件5的最深點處。以此方式，則該彈性元件5在安裝位置的承支面及形狀扣持力將可改善。該彈性元件5之各部段的厚度和截面之變化過程亦相當於在彈性元件丨中所述者。由於該彈性元件5的封閉形式，其乃特別能夠吸收從執道傳導至該元件的低、中、高頻率振動。 10 彈性元件9係由-板材冲出再彎曲製成該形狀者。如同上述之各彈性元件，其亦具有—㈣部12，在本例中係形成平板狀’内部設有一長槽開孔19可容納鎖固元件（未示出）。由側向朝外伸出的承支部14a，…會轉變成彈臂 15Fig. 7b shows a perspective view of the seventh elastic element 7; Fig. 8a shows a plan view of the eighth elastic element 8; Fig. 8b shows a perspective view of the eighth elastic element 8; Plan view; 20 Figure 9b shows a perspective view of the ninth elastic element 9; Figure 10a shows a plan view of the tenth elastic element 10; Figure 10b shows a perspective view of the tenth elastic element 10; Figure 11a shows the eleventh Plan view of the elastic element 11; FIG. Lib shows a perspective view of the eleventh elastic element 11; 15 200301793 玖, description of the invention FIG. 12a shows a plan view of the twelfth elastic element 20; FIG. 12b shows the twelfth elasticity A perspective view of element 20. I: Embodiment] Detailed description of the preferred embodiment 5 The elastic element 1 represents the basic type of the elastic element of the present invention. It is formed by bending a spring steel bar material alone, and has a U-shaped locking portion 12. The curved portion i2a of the locking portion 12 is used as the front side V of the elastic element i, and when combined, it will abut against the rail (not shown). The passageway 3 of the locking portion 12 provided at the opposite end of the rounded portion 12a is located on the rear side R of the elastic element 1. The locking portion 丨 will generally extend in a plane, and the plane will be aligned with the horizontal plane when combined. The legs 12c and 12d of the σh locking portion 12 will laterally delimit the channel 13, and the Asian portion will be transformed into a supporting portion 14 and 15. The supporting portions 14, 15 projecting from the ends of the legs 12c or 12d will first extend inward and downward, so that the channel 13 will narrow. In this way, the locking portion 12 will surround an opening 16 so that the bolt can be reliably introduced therethrough when assembled. Alas, in the process where the supporting portions 14, 15 extend downward and inward, they will be bent to form supporting portions 143, 15a. If viewed from the front side, they will respectively face the left side of the elastic element 1. Or right to separate from each other. After the material of the elastic 20 element 1 extends through a source point, it will bend in an upward direction to form a spring arm portion 14b or 15b, and extend parallel to the locking portion 12, and then pass through Bend downwards and inwards to form end portions Me, 15c and other end portions Me, 15c will be flattened together in a parallel plane under the plane of the locking portion 12. 16 200301793 发明, description of the invention The cross-section Q of individual sections of the elastic element 1 can be adapted to the load generated during operation. Therefore, at the supporting portions 14a, 15a and the area having a circular cross-sectional shape, the elastic element 丨 will have a larger thickness, that is, a larger cross-section, relative to other sections. Starting from the thicker supporting portion 14a, the 5 supporting portions 14, 15 will be pushed through and retracted through the elastic arm portions 14b, 15b until they reach the final thickness, that is, at the ends 14c, 15c. Up to the minimum cross section. The cross-section of the rod material in the area of the locking portion 12 is between the maximum cross-section of the support portions 14a, 15a and the ends 14c, 15c. The sections of different thicknesses of the elastic element i will be continuously merged with each other 10, so it can prevent the tension peak from occurring. In this way, the elastic element i will be able to have a high dynamic fatigue strength and minimal overall tension, so a high torsional ratio can be obtained, especially the support portions 14a, 15a on the rear side will mainly have the smallest bending load. The elastic arm portions 14b, 15b will also be stiffer, while the thinner end portions 1514c, 15c bearing on the base of the track will have high elasticity. In contrast to the basic shape type shown for the above-mentioned elastic element w, the elastic element 2 is represented. In the elastic element 2, the locking portion 12 is composed of two columnar portions 12c '12d extending parallel to each other, and their free ends are aligned in the v direction of the front side. And at Houshu, each columnar part 12e, · 20⑶ will bend in a fox shape to form a supporting part ..., ..., and extend outward and downward, and then, like the elastic element 1, bend again upward and It is curved parallel to the columnar portions 12c to 12d to form the elastic arm portions 14b, ⑸, and the like. The elastic arm portions ⑽ ㈣㈣ are formed inwardly and downwardly to extend through the Zengqu—the connection portion η passes through the free end of the columnar portion 12C '⑶, and the two elastic arm portions 14b, 15b are mutually mutually 17 200301793 发明, invention Explains the connection, which will be pressed against the base of the road to be held after combination. In manufacturing the second elastic element 2, it may be made of a bar material having an oval cross section, which may be partially bent horizontally, partially vertically, and / or at an angle in an oblique manner according to the manner described above. 5 The following elastic elements ^ ㈠ + and ⑴ are made according to the basic form of the aforementioned elastic element 1. In the elastic element 3, in addition to the structure of the elastic element, more convex bodies 14d, 15d and the like protrude in the direction of the locking portion 12, and are provided at the end portions 14c, i5c of the support portions 14, 15 Office. The convex bodies 14d, 15d are high enough to make the internal width between the tops of the convex bodies Ud, 15d and the rounded portion 12a smaller than the cross-sectional diameter of the thinnest part of the elastic element 3. For the same purpose, the ends of the elastic element 4 will be bent 15 (; will be bent upwards so that their ends are oriented vertically upwards, and only their bent portions will be supported by the base of the track to be held. But for Make the supporting building of the track have the required elasticity. The elastic arm part ⑽ in the elastic element 4 still has a circular cross-section but it will be significantly reduced compared to the elastic element. In the locking part 12 In the region, the thickness of the material is also significantly smaller than that of the elastic element 1 so that the elastic element 3 can achieve the required overall elasticity. The basic shape of the elastic element 6 is completely equivalent to the elastic element i, but 20 ends The portions 14c, 15c have a significantly larger thickness than the elastic arm portion Mb. Therefore, the elastic arm portion ⑽⑽ having a relatively small cross section will assume all of the elastic operations, and the rest of the elastic element 6 will The basic shape of the sex element 7 is also completely equivalent to the elastic element], but 18 200301793 玖, the invention shows that the thickness of the support portions 14a, 15a is greater than those of the elastic element. Therefore, 'in the area where the cross section increases, 'Will be able to The increased rigidity results in increased torque absorption capacity. At the same time, the elastic operating performance of the elastic element 7 will be determined by the thinner ends of the support portions 14, 15] [4c, 5c. 5 Comparison This basic shape corresponds to the elastic element 8 of the elastic element 1, which is also designed to be much thicker at the spring arm portions 14b'15b and the end portions 14c, 15c than at the support portions 14a, 15a and the locking portion 12. Therefore, the elasticity of the elastic element 8 is substantially determined by the shape of the support portions 14a, 15a, and the elastic arm portions 14b, 15b such as Xin will have high rigidity and less elasticity due to their larger cross sections. The individual sections in each of the tension clips described above will be gradually relaxed and merged with each other, and the cross-sectional changes of the elastic element n shown in Figures 11a and Ub will occur non-gradually. The basic of the elastic element u The shape also corresponds to the elastic element 1, and the thinner end portions 14c, 15c will have a smaller 15 cross section. Starting from the end portions 14c, 15c, the cross section will remain almost fixed until about the spring arm portion 14b, 15b near two thirds of the length. There will be the first time The thickness of the elastic arm portions 14b, i 5b is a medium (average) diameter between the junctions with the supporting portions 14a, 15a. From the elastic arm portions 14b, 15b to the supporting portions At the transitions of 14a and 15a, their wearing surfaces will increase discontinuously again, so the areas of these supporting portions 14a, 15a ^ will have the largest thickness and the largest rigidity and the largest torque to absorb this force. In two similar stages, the larger wearing surfaces of the support portions 14a, 15a will be reduced to the smaller wearing surfaces of the material at the area of the locking portion 12. The basic shape of the sigma elastic element 5 is also similar to the aforementioned Elastic element 1, Shiquan 19 200301793 发明 The invention explains that the end portions 14c of the supporting portions 14, 15 are connected to each other by using a connecting portion 18 with a particularly small cross-sectional size. The end portions ⑷ are protruded from the ends of the spring arm portions Hb ′ 15b and are violently pushed, so that they continuously change to form a thin connection portion 18, which is recorded at the deepest point of the elastic element 5. Office. In this way, the supporting surface and shape retaining force of the elastic element 5 in the installation position can be improved. The process of changing the thickness and section of each section of the elastic element 5 is also equivalent to that described in the elastic element. Due to the closed form of the elastic element 5, it is particularly capable of absorbing the low, medium and high frequency vibrations transmitted from the channel to the element. 10 The elastic element 9 is formed by punching out a plate and then bending it. As with each of the above-mentioned elastic elements, it also has a crotch portion 12, which is formed into a flat plate shape in this example. A long slot opening 19 is provided inside to accommodate a locking element (not shown). The supporting part 14a protruding from the side to the outside will be transformed into a spring arm 15

部_，15b，其係由鎖緊部12開始平直地伸出，然後向上彎曲來由該鎖緊部12的背側以開。該等彈臂部⑽，⑽ 制會向下及向内彎曲延伸至端部…七，該等自由端係The portion _, 15b is extended straight from the locking portion 12 and then bent upward to be opened by the back side of the locking portion 12. These elastic arms ⑽, the bending will extend downward and inward to the ends ... VII, these free ends are

位於該鎖緊部12之前側v的前端底下。 20 ，該支撐部14，15的延伸過程中，其截面係大致呈長方形’只是在邊角部份會被倒角使之圓滑。同時在由該鎖緊 4 12至承支部14 a，15 a的扁平鳇始p | 十轉換&域中，會設有相對較大的載面積’其尺寸會朝著該支撐部14, 15的端部14c， 1 5 c來逐漸縮減此亦會在承支部14&，15&與彈臂部l4b， 15b的區域中造成較高的剛性與扭力端部He，15c處則會具有較高的彈性吸收能力，而較細的 20 200301793 玖、發明說明彈性元件ίο的基本造型亦類似於彈性元件丨，惟其截面的形狀和尺寸係在該彈性元件10的鋼材料之整個伸展過中被改、又，俾使所有的成形參數能最佳地配應操作需求。因此，其端部14c，15c會呈扁平狀並沿其末端方向來可觀地加見，由此得能造成最佳的承支面，而可確保扣持力的牛固移轉。其端部14c，15c的扁平形狀會併入於彈臂部14b，的較厚形狀，此截面形狀會較接近於圓形。具有近圓形截面的部段14b，15b嗣會彎入後續的承支部14&，15a，該承 10支部係呈橢圓截面而具有一寬度，其在平面圖中含沿該鎖緊部12的方向顯著地增大。對該鎖緊部12的轉變部位係如此顯著地加寬，同時該鎖緊部12朝後的通道13會接近於封閉。在该鎖緊部12本身的區域中其材料截面會特別薄，以確保該彈性元件1 〇的所需彈性。 15 最後該彈性元件20亦被構建成彈性元件1的基本形狀仁在本例中朝上的扁平部14e，1 5e會設在各彈臂部 14b，15b的自由端14c，15c上，而形成一突片的形式。以此方式亦能令該扁平部He、15e與鎖緊部12之間的距離充分地縮小，而使該彈性元件沒有任何部份會被該間距所導 2〇入。故其互相率接的危險乃可消❺。同時該等扁平部… ’ 15e將能確保該等端部14c，l5c對其支撐功能的最佳剛性。 21 200301793 玖、發明說明【圖式簡單說明】第la圖示出第一彈性元件1的平面圖；第lb圖示出第一彈性元件1的立體圖；第2a圖示出第二彈性元件2的平面圖； 5 第2b圖示出第二彈性元件2的立體圖；第3a圖示出第三彈性元件3的平面圖；第3b圖示出第三彈性元件3的立體圖；It is located under the front end of the front side v of the locking portion 12. 20, during the extension of the support portions 14, 15, the cross section is approximately rectangular, but the corner portions will be chamfered to make it smooth. At the same time, in the flat area from the locking 4 12 to the supporting portion 14 a, 15 a, a relatively large load area will be provided, whose size will face the supporting portion 14, 15 The end portions 14c, 1 5 c will be gradually reduced. This will also result in higher rigidity and torque end portion He in the region of the support portions 14 & 15 & arm portions 14b, 15b, and 15c will have a higher 20 200301793 发明, the description of the invention, the basic shape of the elastic element is similar to the elastic element, but the shape and size of the cross section are changed during the entire stretching of the steel material of the elastic element 10 In addition, all the forming parameters can be optimally matched to the operating requirements. Therefore, the end portions 14c and 15c will be flat and can be seen observably along the direction of the ends, so that the optimal bearing surface can be created and the retaining force can be ensured. The flat shapes of the end portions 14c and 15c are incorporated into the thicker shape of the spring arm portion 14b, and the cross-sectional shape is closer to a circle. The sections 14b, 15b with a nearly circular cross section will bend into the subsequent supporting sections 14 & 15a. The supporting section 10 has an elliptical cross section and has a width, which includes the direction along the locking section 12 in a plan view. Significantly increased. The transition portion of the locking portion 12 is thus significantly widened, and at the same time, the rearward passage 13 of the locking portion 12 is close to being closed. In the region of the locking portion 12 itself, its material cross section will be particularly thin to ensure the required elasticity of the elastic element 10. 15 Finally, the elastic element 20 is also constructed into the basic shape of the elastic element 1. In this example, the flat portions 14e and 15e facing upwards will be provided on the free ends 14c and 15c of the elastic arm portions 14b and 15b to form In the form of a tab. In this way, the distance between the flat portions He, 15e and the locking portion 12 can be sufficiently reduced, so that no part of the elastic element will be guided by the distance. Therefore, the danger of mutual connection can be eliminated. At the same time, these flat portions ... '15e will ensure the optimal rigidity of the end portions 14c, 15c to their supporting function. 21 200301793 发明 Description of the invention [Simplified description of the drawings] Fig. La shows a plan view of the first elastic element 1; Fig. Lb shows a perspective view of the first elastic element 1; Fig. 2a shows a plan view of the second elastic element 2. 5 2b is a perspective view of the second elastic element 2; FIG. 3a is a plan view of the third elastic element 3; FIG. 3b is a perspective view of the third elastic element 3;

第4a圖示出第四彈性元件4的平面圖；第4b圖示出第四彈性元件4的立體圖； 10 第5a圖示出第五彈性元件5的平面圖；第5b圖示出第五彈性元件5的立體圖；第6a圖示出第六彈性元件6的平面圖；第6b圖示出第六彈性元件6的立體圖；第7a圖示出第七彈性元件7的平面圖； 15 第7b圖示出第七彈性元件7的立體圖；第8a圖示出第八彈性元件8的平面圖；Figure 4a shows a plan view of the fourth elastic element 4; Figure 4b shows a perspective view of the fourth elastic element 4; 10 Figure 5a shows a plan view of the fifth elastic element 5; Figure 5b shows a fifth elastic element 5 Figure 6a shows a plan view of the sixth elastic element 6; Figure 6b shows a perspective view of the sixth elastic element 6; Figure 7a shows a plan view of the seventh elastic element 7; 15 Figure 7b shows a seventh A perspective view of the elastic element 7; FIG. 8a shows a plan view of the eighth elastic element 8;

第8b圖示出第八彈性元件8的立體圖；第9a圖示出第九彈性元件9的平面圖；第9b圖示出第九彈性元件9的立體圖； 20 第10a圖示出第十彈性元件10的平面圖；第10b圖示出第十彈性元件10的立體圖；第11a圖示出第十一彈性元件11的平面圖；第lib圖示出第十一彈性元件11的立體圖；第12a圖示出第十二彈性元件20的平面圖； 25 第12b圖示出第十二彈性元件20的立體圖。 22 200301793 玖、發明說明【圖式之主要元件代表符號表】 1，2, 3, 4，5, 6, 7，8, 9，10，11，20···彈性元件 12…鎖緊部 12a·.·圓曲部 13···通道 12c，12d···支腳 14，15…支撐部Figure 8b shows a perspective view of the eighth elastic element 8; Figure 9a shows a plan view of the ninth elastic element 9; Figure 9b shows a perspective view of the ninth elastic element 9; 20 Figure 10a shows a tenth elastic element 10 Figure 10b shows a perspective view of the tenth elastic element 10; Figure 11a shows a plan view of the eleventh elastic element 11; Figure lib shows a perspective view of the eleventh elastic element 11; Figure 12a shows a first A plan view of the twelfth elastic element 20; FIG. 12b shows a perspective view of the twelfth elastic element 20. 22 200301793 发明. Description of the invention [List of symbols for the main components of the drawing] 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 20 ... Elastic element 12 ... Locking part 12a ··· Curved section 13 ·· Channel 12c, 12d ·· Support feet 14,15 ...

14 a，15 a…承支部 14b，15b···彈臂部 14 c，15 c…端部 14d，15d···凸體 14e，15e···爲平部 16···開孔 17，18···連接部 19···開孔14 a, 15 a ... Supporting portions 14b, 15b ... Spring arm portions 14c, 15c ... End portions 14d, 15d ... Convex bodies 14e, 15e ... Flat portions 16 ... Opening holes 17, 18 ... Connecting part 19 ... Opening

23twenty three

Claims

200301793 拾、申請專利範圍 ίο 15 20 h種用來將轨道彈性扣持在一底座上的彈性元件，係由鋼材料製成，其特徵在於：〇該鋼材料之整個延伸長度的截面係可適配順應於才呆作時局部產生負載。 2·如申請專難項之彈性元件，其特徵在於：其截面的形狀會在該材料之整個延伸長度中多次地改變。 3. 如申請專利範圍任一項之彈性元件，其特徵在於截面積的大小會在該材料之整個延伸長度中改變。 4. 如申請專利範圍任一項之彈性元件，其特徵在於截面會在該材料之整個延伸長度中連續地改變。 5. 如申請專利範圍任—項之彈性元件，其特徵在於截面會在該材料之整個延伸長度中呈階段地改變。 6·如申請專利範圍任一項之彈性元件，其特徵在於.丹截面至少在該材料整個係呈圓形。 L伸長度中的某些特定區段處 Ή請專利範圍第…項中任—項之彈性元件，其特徵在於··其截面至+产 ^在该材料整個延伸長度令的某些特定區段處係呈橢圓形。 μ 一 8·如申請專利範圍第1至5項令任一項之彈性元件，# =於:其截面至少在該材料整個延伸長度中的二 “區段’尤其是其自由端部處，係呈水滴狀。〜 9_Γ申請專利範圍第1至5項中任—項之彈性元件’且特 Μ在於·其支撐部的自 " 支面積。㈣截面而可增加承其其其其參 24 200301793 10 15 20 拾、申請專利範圍 1〇·如申請專利範圍任—項之彈性元件，其特徵在於：其具有一鎖緊部，當在完成組合狀態時會配設鎖緊元件 ;並具有支撐部等由該鎖緊部分支岔開，而在完成組合狀態時會施一彈性扣持力於該執道上。 η.如申請專利範圍第10項之彈性元件，其特徵在於：該鎖緊部係被設計成U形，且該等支撐部係銜接於該鎖緊部的各支腳。 12·如申請專利範圍第1G或11項之彈性元件，其特徵在於 :該鎖緊部係被設計成板狀。如申請專利範圍第12項之彈性元件，其特徵在於：該鎖緊設有一開孔。 Η·如申請專利範圍㈣或13項之彈性元件，其特徵在於 :該等支腳會在轉變成支撐部的區財束縮。 15.如申請專利II圍第1()至14項中任—項之彈性元件，特效在於·该等支撐部會朝向其自由端束縮。申請專利範圍第1()至15項中任—項之彈性元件，〜破在於·該等支撑部的自由端會於該鎖緊部的方來互相連結。 17·如申請專利範圍第1()至16項中任—項之彈性元件，特徵在於：該等支撐部的自由端會被加寬。 18·,申請專利範圍第1()至17項中任—項之彈性元件， U在A ·遠等支撐部的自由端^有—增大部。申明專利範圍第1 〇至丨8項中任一項之彈性元件，特说在於.該等支撐部的自由端與該鎖緊部之間的其其向其其其内 25 200301793 ίο 15 20 拾、申請專利範匯寬度，係比該彈性元件之材料敕卄i個延伸長度中最小的截面直徑更小。 2〇·如以上申請專利範圍任一項貝之W生兀#，其特徵在於 .該彈性元件係形成一封閉的材料環圈。 21.—種以一彈性元件來固定執叼不、、、先，其會施一彈性和持力於該執道上，而被設計 x 3甲d月專利範圍第1至 2〇項中之任何一項，並具有一一貝冢兀件可用來將該彈性元件固定於一底座上。 22· -種用來製造如申請專利範圍第1至性元件的方法，其中包含有鋼原料，尤其是彈:鋼之弹線材會被切分成各線段，而該線段的端部會被拉經收㈣的開孔，該開孔會由其入口截面朝其出口截窄縮：而使該線段的直徑由其令間部份開始朝端部向連績地推拔束縮，騎該線段會被製成為該彈性元件〇種用來衣仏如申請專利範圍第i至19項中任一項之彈 2凡件的方法，其中有—㈣模會被用㈣型改變一含有鋼原料，尤其是彈簧鋼的線材之截面，而一彈性 ?兀件會由麼型之後的線材來製成。 24·—種用來製造如申請專利範圍第1至19項中任一項之彈 b件的方法’其中會在一包含鋼原料，尤其是彈簀鋼的線材上’利用—鍛型模繞該線材的縱軸旋轉，而將口亥線材製成旋轉對稱推拔束縮的截面，且一彈性元件會由鍛型之後的線材來製成。的面方 ❿ 26 200301793 拾、申請專利範圍 2D. —種用來製造如申請專利範圍第丨至19項中任一項之彈性元件的方法，其中會在一包含鋼原料，尤其是彈簧鋼的線材上，利用-端壓模來锻粗形成一增大部，且一彈性元件會由端壓之後的線材來製成。 26· -種用來製造如申請專利範圍第項中任一項之彈性兀件的方法’其中一包含有鋼原料，尤其是彈簧鋼的線材會被切分成各線段，嗣該線段會在二反轉的模形工具中滾軋，而使該線段的至少—點處之戴面推拔束縮。 10 27_ —種用來製造如卡請專利範圍第丨至19項中任—項之彈性元件的方法，其中一包含有鋼原料，尤其是彈簧鋼的、、表材會沿其軸向在成型滾輪之間被滾軋。 28·如申請專利範圍第22至27項中任一項之方法，其特徵 15 在於：該彈性元件係至少選擇性地由該鋼材料；壓製成。 29·如申請專利範圍第1至19項中任-項之方法，其中該彈性7C件係完全由一鋼材料冲壓製成。 27200301793 Scope of application and patent application ο 15 20 h elastic elements for elastically retaining a track on a base, made of steel material, which are characterized by: 〇 The entire extended cross section of the steel material is suitable Fitting produces a local load when idle. 2. If an elastic element is applied for a difficult item, it is characterized in that the shape of its cross section will be changed many times throughout the extended length of the material. 3. The elastic element according to any one of the scope of patent application, characterized in that the size of the cross-sectional area will be changed throughout the length of the material. 4. The elastic element according to any one of the scope of the patent application, characterized in that the cross section will continuously change throughout the extended length of the material. 5. The elastic element of any one of the scope of the patent application is characterized in that the cross section will be changed in stages throughout the extended length of the material. 6. The elastic element according to any one of the scope of the patent application, characterized in that the cross section of Dan is at least circular in the whole system of the material. At some specific sections in L elongation, please claim any of the elastic range of the scope of the patent, which is characterized by its cross section to + production ^ in certain specific sections of the material's entire extended length order Department is oval. μ -8. If the elastic element of any of claims 1 to 5 of the scope of patent application, # = 于: its cross section is at least two "sections" in the entire extended length of the material, especially at its free end, It is in the shape of a water drop. ~ 9_Γ Any of the first to the fifth of the scope of the patent application-the elastic element 'and the special feature lies in the self-supporting area of its support portion. The cross section can increase its bearing 24 200301793 10 15 20 The scope of application for patents 1 · The elastic element of any one of the scope of patent application is characterized in that it has a locking part, which will be equipped with a locking element when the combined state is completed; and it has a supporting part When the lock part is branched off, an elastic retaining force will be applied to the road when the combined state is completed. Η. For example, the elastic element of the scope of patent application No. 10 is characterized in that the lock part is It is designed as a U-shape, and the supporting parts are connected to the legs of the locking part. 12. If the elastic element of the scope of patent application No. 1G or 11 is characterized, the locking part is designed as Plate-like, such as the elasticity of the scope of patent application No. 12 The feature is that the lock is provided with an opening. 如 · If the patent application scope ㈣ or the elastic element of item 13, it is characterized in that these feet will shrink in the area where the support is transformed into a support. 15. If you apply for an elastic element in any one of items 1 () to 14 of Patent II, the special effect is that the support will shrink toward its free end. Any of the items 1 () to 15 in the scope of patent application The elastic element is broken. The free ends of the supporting parts will be connected to each other at the locking part. 17. If the elastic element is any of the items 1 () to 16 in the scope of patent application, it is characterized by: The free ends of these supporting parts will be widened. 18 ·, the elastic element of any one of the items 1 () to 17 in the scope of patent application, U is at the free ends of the supporting parts such as A · far, etc. Declaring the elastic element of any one of the items 10 to 8 in the patent scope, in particular, lies between the free ends of the support portions and the locking portions toward the inside thereof 25 200301793 ίο 15 20 The width of the patent application Fanhui is the smallest of the i extension length of the material of the elastic element. The diameter of the cross section is smaller. 20. As described in any of the above patent applications, W Sheng Wu #, which is characterized in that the elastic element forms a closed loop of material. No ,,, first, it will exert flexibility and persistence on the road, and it is designed to be any one of items 1 to 20 in the patent scope of 3 months, and has one to one element. It can be used to fix the elastic element on a base. 22 ·-A method for manufacturing the first element of the scope of patent application, which contains steel raw materials, especially the elastic: steel elastic wire will be cut into lines Segment, and the end of the line segment will be pulled through the retracted opening, which will be narrowed from its entrance cross-section toward its exit: so that the diameter of the line segment starts from its middle portion towards the end Pushing and shrinking continuously, riding the line segment will be made into the elastic element. 0 kinds of methods for dressing 2 pieces of bullets such as any one of the scope of patent applications i to 19, among which- Will be used to change the cross section of a wire containing steel materials, especially spring steel, and a Sex? Wu pieces will be made of wire after it type. 24 · —A method for manufacturing a b-piece as in any of claims 1 to 19 of the scope of the patent application 'wherein a wire material containing steel material, especially elastic steel is used'-forging die winding The longitudinal axis of the wire is rotated, and the cross-section of the wire is made into a rotationally symmetrical push-pull bundle, and an elastic element is made of the wire after forging.面面 ❿ 26 200301793 Pick up and apply for patent scope 2D.-A method for manufacturing an elastic element as in any one of patent application scopes 丨 to 19, which will include a steel material, especially spring steel On the wire, an enlarged portion is formed by forging with an -end pressing die, and an elastic element is made of the wire after the end pressing. 26 ·-A method for manufacturing an elastic element as in any one of the scope of the patent application 'one of which contains steel materials, especially spring steel, will be cut into line segments, and the line segments will be in two Rolling in the reversed moulding tool, so that at least one point of the line segment is pushed and shrunk. 10 27_ —A method for manufacturing an elastic element such as any of the patent claims No. 丨 to 19, one of which includes steel raw materials, especially spring steel, and the surface material will be formed along its axial direction Rolling between the rollers. 28. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 27, characterized in that the elastic element is at least selectively made of the steel material; pressed. 29. The method according to any one of items 1 to 19 of the scope of patent application, wherein the elastic 7C piece is made entirely of a steel material by stamping. 27