RU2016130315A - Система и способ для сжижения природного газа - Google Patents
Система и способ для сжижения природного газа Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- RU2016130315A RU2016130315A RU2016130315A RU2016130315A RU2016130315A RU 2016130315 A RU2016130315 A RU 2016130315A RU 2016130315 A RU2016130315 A RU 2016130315A RU 2016130315 A RU2016130315 A RU 2016130315A RU 2016130315 A RU2016130315 A RU 2016130315A
- Authority
- RU
- Russia
- Prior art keywords
- gaseous material
- natural gas
- compressed
- liquefying
- unit
- Prior art date
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims 26
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 21
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 7
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0204—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow SCR cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
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- F25J3/0214—Liquefied natural gas
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- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
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- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
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- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
- F25J1/0055—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream originating from an incorporated cascade
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J1/021—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop, e.g. with deep flash recycle loop as at least a three level refrigeration cascade using a deep flash recycle loop
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J1/0216—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one SCR cycle using a C3 pre-cooling cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
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- F25J1/0217—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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Claims (18)
1. Система для сжижения природного газа, которая охлаждает природный газ для производства сжиженного природного газа, включающая:
первый расширитель для расширения природного газа под давлением в качестве газообразного материала;
первый охлаждающий блок для охлаждения газообразного материала;
дистилляционный блок для уменьшения содержания или удаления тяжелого компонента, содержащегося в газообразном материале посредством дистилляции газообразного материала, охлажденного первым охлаждающим блоком;
первый компрессор для приема верхней фракции газообразного материала, от которой тяжелый компонент частично или полностью отделен дистилляционным блоком; и
сжижающий блок для сжижения газофазного компонента, отделенного от сжатого газообразного материала, сжатого первым компрессором, посредством теплообмена с хладагентом.
2. Система для сжижения природного газа по п. 1, в которой сжатый газообразный материал предварительно охлаждается посредством введения в сжижающий блок, и система дополнительно включает первый разделяющий газовую и жидкую фазы резервуар для отделения газофазного компонента от сжатого газообразного материала, предварительно охлажденного сжижающим блок.
3. Система для сжижения природного газа по п. 2, дополнительно включающая второй охлаждающий блок, который расположен между первым компрессором и первым разделяющим газовую и жидкую фазы резервуаром и выполнен с возможностью охлажения сжатого газообразного материала, поступающего из первого компрессора.
4. Система для сжижения природного газа по любому из пп. 1-3, дополнительно содержащая второй разделяющий газовую и жидкую фазы резервуар для приема части сжатого газообразного материала, отделенной от сжатого газообразного материала, сжатого первым компрессором, в которой жидкофазный компонент отделенный вторым разделяющим газовую и жидкую фазы резервуаром, возвращается в дистилляционный блок.
5. Система для сжижения природного газа по любому из пп. 1-4, дополнительно включающая теплообменник для теплообмена между газообразным материалом, подлежащим введению в дистилляционный блок, и верхней фракцией из дистилляционного блока.
6. Система для сжижения природного газа по любому из пп. 1-4, дополнительно содержащая теплообменник для теплообмена между газообразным материалом, подлежащим введению в дистилляционный блок, и сжатым газообразным материалом, сжатым первым компрессором.
7. Система для сжижения природного газа по любому из пп. 1-4, дополнительно содержащая теплообменник для теплообмена между газообразным материалом в точке выше по потоку относительно конца первого компрессора и верхней фракцией из дистилляционного блока.
8. Способ сжижения природного газа посредством охлаждения природного газа для производства сжиженного природного газа, включающий:
первую стадию расширения для расширения природного газа под давлением в качестве газообразного материала;
первую стадию охлаждения для охлаждения газообразного материала;
стадию дистилляции для уменьшения содержания или удаления тяжелого компонента, содержащегося в газообразном материале, посредством дистилляции газообразного материала, охлажденного на первой стадии охлаждения;
первую стадию сжатия для сжатия верхней фракции газообразного материала, от которого тяжелый компонент отделяют частично или полностью на стадии дистилляции; и
стадию сжижения для сжижения газофазного компонента, отделенного от сжатого газообразного материала, сжатого на первой стадии сжатия, посредством теплообмена с хладагентом.
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US10619918B2 (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2020-04-14 | Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. | System and method for removing freezing components from a feed gas |
TWI707115B (zh) * | 2015-04-10 | 2020-10-11 | 美商圖表能源與化學有限公司 | 混合製冷劑液化系統和方法 |
FR3039080B1 (fr) * | 2015-07-23 | 2019-05-17 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Methode de purification d'un gaz riche en hydrocarbures |
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