PT86912B - DEVICE FOR THE APPROXIMATION OF A TRAILER TO THE VEHICLE TRACTOR IN THE STEERING AND TILTING MOVINGS OF THE ROUTE - Google Patents
DEVICE FOR THE APPROXIMATION OF A TRAILER TO THE VEHICLE TRACTOR IN THE STEERING AND TILTING MOVINGS OF THE ROUTE Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PT86912B PT86912B PT86912A PT8691288A PT86912B PT 86912 B PT86912 B PT 86912B PT 86912 A PT86912 A PT 86912A PT 8691288 A PT8691288 A PT 8691288A PT 86912 B PT86912 B PT 86912B
- Authority
- PT
- Portugal
- Prior art keywords
- trailer
- changes
- inclination
- separation
- tractor
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001267869 Netria Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004417 patella Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
- B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
- B60D1/24—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions
- B60D1/42—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions for being adjustable
- B60D1/44—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions for being adjustable horizontally
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D53/00—Tractor-trailer combinations; Road trains
- B62D53/04—Tractor-trailer combinations; Road trains comprising a vehicle carrying an essential part of the other vehicle's load by having supporting means for the front or rear part of the other vehicle
- B62D53/08—Fifth wheel traction couplings
- B62D53/0807—Fifth wheel traction couplings adjustable coupling saddles mounted on sub-frames; Mounting plates therefor
- B62D53/0814—Fifth wheel traction couplings adjustable coupling saddles mounted on sub-frames; Mounting plates therefor with adjustment of the clearance between the tractor or the trailer
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
- Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
DISPOSITIVO REGULADOR DE APROXIMAÇÃO DE UPã REBOQUE AO VEÍCULO TRACTOR NAS MUDANÇAS DEUPã APPROACH REGULATORY DEVICE TOWING THE TRACTOR VEHICLE IN CHANGES TO
DIRECÇÃO E DE INCLINAÇÃO DA VIADIRECTION AND SLOPE OF THE ROUTE
À presente invenção refere-se a um dispositivo destinado a regular a aproximação de um reboque ao veículo tractor, quer nas mudanças de direcção, quer nas mudanças de inclinação da via.The present invention relates to a device designed to regulate the approach of a trailer to the towing vehicle, either in changes of direction or changes in inclination of the track.
O arrastamento de um reboque de grande tonelagem por meio de um camião criou desde sempre problemas importantes na circulação rodoviária. Um dos referidos problemas principais foi serapre a necessidade de manter entre o camião e o reboque uma separação tal que nas mudanças de direcção e nas mudanças de inclinação da via não houvesse problemas de contacto por aproximação de ambas as partes.The dragging of a large tonnage trailer by means of a truck has always created major problems in road traffic. One of the aforementioned main problems was always the need to maintain a separation between the truck and the trailer such that in the changes of direction and changes in the inclination of the road there were no problems of contact by approaching both parts.
A separação necessária referida supõe, por sua vez, outro problema importante: quanto maior for a referida separação maior será o esforço que se exige ao motor para vencer a resistência do ar oferecida pela face frontal do reboque, com o consequente consumo de combustível e redução de velocidade de cruzeiro.The necessary separation referred to, in turn, poses another important problem: the greater the separation, the greater the effort required by the engine to overcome the air resistance offered by the front face of the trailer, with the consequent fuel consumption and reduction cruising speed.
Daqui a importância que tem, no transporte por estrada, manter o reboque o mais próximo possível do rebocador.Hence the importance of road transport in keeping the trailer as close to the tug as possible.
Tem-se procurado, por diversos meios, conseguir uma aproximação entre a parte traseira do camião e a parte dianteira do reboque, durante a circulação, e uma separaçãoEfforts have been made, by various means, to achieve an approximation between the rear of the truck and the front of the trailer, during circulation, and a separation
um mecanismo electropneumático que provoca o afastamento das duas partes e que as reaproxima depois quando se circula em. linha recta.an electropneumatic mechanism that causes the separation of the two parts and that reconnects them later when circulating in. straight line.
A presente invenção propõe um sistema que desempenha a mesma função mas com a diferença, em relação àquela técnica, de que não utiliza nenhum apalpador mas sim funciona com um detector ou sensor de aproximação, que tem a seu cargo comandar o dispositivo correspondente de separação e aproximação que foi expressamente concebido.The present invention proposes a system that performs the same function but with the difference, in relation to that technique, that it does not use any probe but works with a detector or approach sensor, which is in charge of controlling the corresponding separation and approach that was expressly conceived.
Mas, alem disso, os detectores ou sensores de aproximação não só actuam quando das mudanças de direcção como também põem em funcionamento o sistema de separação quando o veículo passa por uma mudança de inclinação da via.But, in addition, the approach detectors or sensors not only act when changing direction, but also start up the separation system when the vehicle undergoes a change in track inclination.
Para isso, estudou-se um conjunto de mecanismos por meio dos quais os detectores ou sensores podem actuar com todas as garantias de eficiência. Assim, o sistema de detecção transmite a ordem de separação para o meio de actuação sempre que o espaço normal entre o camião e o reboque se modifica, quer por mudança de direcção, quer nas mu danças de inclinação da via, aumentando a separação para evitar a colisão entre as duas partes e estabelecendo a recuperação para a separação mínima programada, quando desaparecem as referidas circunstâncias.For this, a set of mechanisms was studied through which the detectors or sensors can act with all guarantees of efficiency. Thus, the detection system transmits the order of separation to the actuation medium whenever the normal space between the truck and the trailer changes, either by changing the direction or changes in the inclination of the track, increasing the separation to avoid the collision between the two parties and establishing the recovery for the programmed minimum separation, when the aforementioned circumstances disappear.
ITa constituição do sistema segundo a presente invenção intervêm os elementos seguintes:The constitution of the system according to the present invention involves the following elements:
1. Um conjunto de sensores detectores de pro- ximidade dispostos em arco horizontal, cujo centro coincide1. A set of proximity detector sensors arranged in a horizontal arc, the center of which coincides
parte inferior da campânula que protege o engate da lança, no qual está montado um detector sensor, que actua apenas quando das mudanças de inclinação da via cm ângulo positivo, em que o sensor se separa da lança quando esta alterar a sua horizontalidade, tendo este dispositivo meios de regulação.lower part of the hood that protects the boom coupling, on which a sensor detector is mounted, which acts only when the inclination changes in the track at a positive angle, in which the sensor separates from the boom when it changes its horizontality, having this regulation means device.
3. Uma disposição de elementos mecânicos atra vés dos quais se realiza a separação ou a aproximação física do camião e do reboque, constituída por duas guias paralelas que suportam um carrinho deslizante que suporta a campânula de engate da lança, sendo o referido carrinho deslocado por um cilindro pneumático colocado entre as guias e comandado pelos sensores.3. An arrangement of mechanical elements through which the separation or physical approach of the truck and trailer takes place, consisting of two parallel guides that support a sliding cart that supports the coupling bell of the boom, the said cart being displaced by a pneumatic cylinder placed between the guides and controlled by the sensors.
Todas estas características constituem o obje£ to da presente invenção, cujos pormenores de realização sãoAll of these characteristics constitute the object of the present invention, the details of which are
variáveis mas que se apresentam, a título de exemplo, nos desenhos anexos.but which are presented, for example, in the attached drawings.
Na fig. 1 dos referidos desenhos, representa-se uma vista esquemática em. planta dos dispositivos detectores sensores que actuam quando das mudanças de direcção. A campânula (1) que suporta a rótula de engate (2) para a lança (3) compreende três sensores (4), (5) e (6) dispostos horizontalmente em leque. ITa figura representada parte-se da hipótese de que os veículos so deslocam, em linha recta. 0 sensor central (5) fica cm frente do écran (7) colocado na lança de tal modo que activa o sistema de aproximação máxima. Quando se faz uma mudança de direcção, para a esquerda ou para a direita, actuam respectivamente os sensores (4) c (6), provocando a actuação do sistema de separação.In fig. 1 of said drawings, a schematic view is shown in. plan of the sensor detecting devices that act when changes of direction. The bell (1) that supports the coupling hinge (2) for the boom (3) comprises three sensors (4), (5) and (6) arranged horizontally in a fan. This figure is based on the hypothesis that the vehicles only move in a straight line. The central sensor (5) is in front of the screen (7) placed on the boom in such a way that it activates the maximum approach system. When a change of direction is made, to the left or to the right, the sensors (4) and (6) act respectively, causing the separation system to act.
Ma fig. 2 está representado o mesmo esquema anterior, correspondendo as referências (Λ), (B) e (C), respectivamente, às posições de mudança de direcção (A e C) e em linha recta (B), em correspondência com os sensores detectores respectivos.Fig. 2 the same previous diagram is shown, corresponding to the references (Λ), (B) and (C), respectively, to the direction change positions (A and C) and in a straight line (B), in correspondence with the detector sensors related.
ITa fig. 3 representa-se o diagrama em planta de um rebocador e um reboque, que obedece aos conceitos anterioraente descritos. Ve-se que, apesar da mudança de direcção sofrida pelo reboque, a separação se mantém nos pontos mais próximos das duas partes dos veículos, permitindo a manobra com toda a segurança.It fig. 3 the plan diagram of a tug and a trailer is shown, which obeys the concepts previously described. It can be seen that, despite the change of direction suffered by the trailer, the separation remains at the points closest to the two parts of the vehicles, allowing maneuver in complete safety.
A fig. 4 corresponde a uma vista em alçado, com corte, do mesmo conjunto, vendo-se o sistema de detecção quando das mudanças de inclinação da via. 0 dispositivo é num esquadro (10), (11) solidário com a campãnula (1). 0 balanceiro é solicita mola (12) montada entre o apêndice angular (13) do balanceisuporta um sensor (15) em sor. Do próprio suporte (3) que funciona como écran do sensai uma aí por movimento angular da lançaFig. 4 corresponds to an elevation view, with section, of the same set, seeing the detection system when changes in the inclination of the road. The device is in a square (10), (11) solidary with the bell (1). The rocker is requested spring (12) mounted between the angular appendix (13) of the rocker supports a sensor (15) in sor. From the support itself (3) that works as a sensai screen there by angular movement of the boom
Consegue-se assim comandar o dis positivo de separação ou aproximação nas mudanças de inclinarespectivamente, às posições de mudança de inclinação (D) c (?) e ao trânsito na horizontal (3). Nas posiçoes (?) e (F) nao há separação, apenas se mantendo a prevista para a linha horizontal de circulação. Não sucede o mesmo para a posição (D), na qual actua o sensor para definir a distãncia de separaçao apropriada devida à circulação.In this way, it is possible to control the separation or approach device in the changes of inclination, respectively, to the positions of change of inclination (D) c (?) And to the traffic in the horizontal (3). In positions (?) And (F) there is no separation, only maintaining the one foreseen for the horizontal line of circulation. This is not the case for position (D), in which the sensor acts to define the appropriate separation distance due to circulation.
Na fig. 6 representa-se o diagrama em alçado de um veiculo rebocador e um reboque, que segue a concepção descrita na figura anterior. Nele mostra-se que, numa mudança de inclinação da via, posição (D), se produziu um deslocamento do carrinho não se modifica nas posiçoes (Ξ) e (F). As distâncias mínimas teóricas entre o rebocador e o reboque, mantidas pelas suas arestas mais próximas, mantêm-se em qualquer caso ao modificar-se o deslocamento da lança.In fig. 6 the elevation diagram of a towing vehicle and a trailer is shown, following the design described in the previous figure. It shows that, in a change in the inclination of the track, position (D), there was a displacement of the trolley that does not change in positions (Ξ) and (F). The theoretical minimum distances between the tug and the trailer, maintained by their closest edges, are maintained in any case when the displacement of the boom is modified.
ITa fig. 7 representa-se em alçado esquemático o carrinho (18) ao qual está ligado o engate da lança (não representado), estando o carrinho montado sobre duas guias paralelas (19), sobre as quais pode deslizar. Estas guias estão situadas por baixo do camião, apoiadas em suportes (20) e (21) unidos ao chassis (22).It fig. 7 is shown in schematic elevation the cart (18) to which the boom coupling is connected (not shown), the cart being mounted on two parallel guides (19), on which it can slide. These guides are located under the truck, supported on supports (20) and (21) attached to the chassis (22).
A fig. 8 representa em alçado esquemático o dispositivo de deslocamento do carrinho (18) constituído por um cilindro pneumático (23) que está situado entre as duas guias paralelas (19) indicadas na fig. 7. 0 êmbolo (24) do cilindro está unido de maneira articulada por (25) ao carrinho (18) .Fig. 8 shows in schematic view the trolley displacement device (18) consisting of a pneumatic cylinder (23) which is located between the two parallel guides (19) shown in fig. 7. The piston (24) of the cylinder is articulated by (25) to the carriage (18).
A fig. 9 representa em planta o dispositivo ilustrado nas fig. 7 e 8, para comprovar a disposição dos seus elementos, cujas referências numéricas foram já descritas. A separaçao das guias, bem como as suas dimensões, serão as mais apropriadas para o fim proposto.Fig. 9 shows in plan the device illustrated in figs. 7 and 8, to prove the disposition of its elements, whose numerical references have already been described. The separation of the guides, as well as their dimensions, will be the most appropriate for the proposed purpose.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES8700971A ES2004721A6 (en) | 1987-04-03 | 1987-04-03 | Device for adjusting the proximity of a trailer to a tractor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
PT86912A PT86912A (en) | 1989-05-12 |
PT86912B true PT86912B (en) | 1993-09-30 |
Family
ID=8250304
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PT86912A PT86912B (en) | 1987-04-03 | 1988-03-04 | DEVICE FOR THE APPROXIMATION OF A TRAILER TO THE VEHICLE TRACTOR IN THE STEERING AND TILTING MOVINGS OF THE ROUTE |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE1001489A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3806568A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2004721A6 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2613312A1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1216102B (en) |
NL (1) | NL8800534A (en) |
PT (1) | PT86912B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2636011A1 (en) * | 1988-09-06 | 1990-03-09 | Trouillet Carrosserie | Device for hitching between a trailer and a towing vehicle in particular |
DK651988A (en) * | 1988-11-22 | 1990-05-23 | Johnny Svensson | SAFETY DEVICE FOR TRAILERS WITH TOWERS |
FR2672561B1 (en) * | 1991-02-08 | 1993-04-16 | Renault Vehicules Ind | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AVOIDING CONTACTS BETWEEN TRACTOR AND SEMI-TRAILER. |
DE4331613C2 (en) * | 1993-09-17 | 1996-08-29 | Joachim Jacke | Short coupling system |
DE19752108A1 (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 1999-05-27 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | Clearance improvement process for articulated vehicle |
AU2013204785C1 (en) | 2012-07-09 | 2019-09-05 | Fin Control Systems Pty. Limited | Fin Plug for Water Craft |
AU2013204755A1 (en) | 2012-11-14 | 2014-05-29 | Fin Control Systems Pty. Limited | A Fin Plug for a Water Craft |
DE102017213897B4 (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2020-08-20 | Audi Ag | Method for operating a motor vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, and a motor vehicle |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3606387A (en) * | 1969-05-29 | 1971-09-20 | Delmer James Hill | Self-adjusting close-coupled trailer hitch |
US3924257A (en) * | 1973-06-21 | 1975-12-02 | Fatzer Elmer B | Trailer hitch guide |
SE396322B (en) * | 1976-05-14 | 1977-09-19 | Rosen Goran | TRAILER COUPLING |
GB2050745A (en) * | 1979-06-06 | 1981-01-07 | Mccorrisken R | Radar parking aid |
NL8400405A (en) * | 1984-02-08 | 1985-09-02 | Eck J & Zn Van | COUPLING DEVICE BETWEEN A TRUCK AND A TRAILER, EQUIPPED WITH A TELESCOPIC EXTENSIVE COUPLING TREE. |
DE3404930C2 (en) * | 1984-02-11 | 1995-09-14 | Manfred Steinwinter | Motor vehicle articulated train |
FR2585295B1 (en) * | 1985-07-24 | 1987-11-27 | Jeanson Rene | TOWABLE VEHICLE COMPRISING AN EXTENSIBLE HITCHING DEVICE |
SE8604476L (en) * | 1986-10-21 | 1988-04-22 | Vbg Prod Ab | DEVICE BY DOLLY |
-
1987
- 1987-04-03 ES ES8700971A patent/ES2004721A6/en not_active Expired
-
1988
- 1988-02-17 BE BE8800193A patent/BE1001489A5/en active
- 1988-03-01 DE DE3806568A patent/DE3806568A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-03-02 NL NL8800534A patent/NL8800534A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-03-04 PT PT86912A patent/PT86912B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-15 IT IT8819789A patent/IT1216102B/en active
- 1988-04-01 FR FR8804397A patent/FR2613312A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL8800534A (en) | 1988-11-01 |
IT8819789A0 (en) | 1988-03-15 |
ES2004721A6 (en) | 1989-02-01 |
FR2613312A1 (en) | 1988-10-07 |
PT86912A (en) | 1989-05-12 |
BE1001489A5 (en) | 1989-11-14 |
IT1216102B (en) | 1990-02-22 |
DE3806568A1 (en) | 1988-10-13 |
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FG3A | Patent granted, date of granting |
Effective date: 19930311 |
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MM3A | Annulment or lapse |
Free format text: LAPSE DUE TO NON-PAYMENT OF FEES Effective date: 19940930 |