NO138533B - PROCEDURES FOR THE PREPARATION OF LUBRICATION OIL BY HYDROCRACKING, SEPARATION AND ISOMERIZATION OF A B2O3 CONTAINING CATALYST - Google Patents
PROCEDURES FOR THE PREPARATION OF LUBRICATION OIL BY HYDROCRACKING, SEPARATION AND ISOMERIZATION OF A B2O3 CONTAINING CATALYST Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO138533B NO138533B NO3100/73A NO310073A NO138533B NO 138533 B NO138533 B NO 138533B NO 3100/73 A NO3100/73 A NO 3100/73A NO 310073 A NO310073 A NO 310073A NO 138533 B NO138533 B NO 138533B
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- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- strap
- cams
- straps
- hook
- locking
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/88—Molybdenum
- B01J23/883—Molybdenum and nickel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/20—Sulfiding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G65/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only
- C10G65/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
- C10G65/12—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/10—Lubricating oil
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
Lasteåk for langstrakte gjenstander. Load yoke for elongated objects.
Ved lasting og lossing av langstrakte gjenstander såsom tømmer, brukes det vanligvis et lasteåk med et antall stropper, som legges rundt tømmerbuntene og festes i begge stroppeender til lasteåket i avstand fra hverandre. Det kan brukes to, fire eller seks slike stropper. Som regel foregår lasting på den måte at man sørger for å ha såpass åpent rom under buntene at en stroppeende kan føres under bunten, .hvoretter den festes til åket. Den annen stroppeende pleier da ofte å være perma-nent eller halvpermanent festet til åket. Man kan imidlertid også under stabling av en bunt sørge for at stroppene ligger under de nederste stokker før stablingen be-gynner, hvoretter begge ender festes til åket. When loading and unloading elongated objects such as timber, a load yoke is usually used with a number of straps, which are placed around the bundles of timber and attached at both strap ends to the load yoke at a distance from each other. Two, four or six such straps can be used. As a rule, loading takes place in such a way that one ensures that there is enough open space under the bundles that a strap end can be passed under the bundle, after which it is attached to the yoke. The other strap end is then often permanently or semi-permanently attached to the yoke. However, when stacking a bundle, you can also ensure that the straps are under the bottom logs before stacking begins, after which both ends are attached to the yoke.
Ved lossingen må stroppene løses og fjernes. Dette kan foregå ved at stroppenes ene ende løses, hvoretter åket løftes. Stroppene kan da, mens de henger fast i åket i deres annen ende, trekkes ut under bunten. When unloading, the straps must be loosened and removed. This can be done by loosening one end of the straps, after which the yoke is lifted. The straps can then, while hanging on to the yoke at their other end, be pulled out from under the bundle.
Imidlertid er det av forskjellige grun-ner ikke så lett å få løsnet stroppenes ene ende. Som regel står stroppene under et ganske stort strekk, selv når bunten er senket ned mot marken, de øverste tøm-merstokker streber da etter å rulle ned fra bunten. For det første kreves det da ganske stor kraft for å løsne opphengningen som stroppeenden henger i, og for det annet kan det være farlig å oppholde seg ut til siden for bunten. Dessuten bør alle stropper løs-nes samtidig; i motsatt tilfelle kan det bli meget vanskelig å løse den siste stropp. However, for various reasons it is not so easy to loosen one end of the straps. As a rule, the straps are under a fairly large stretch, even when the bundle is lowered to the ground, the top logs tending to roll down from the bundle. Firstly, quite a lot of force is then required to loosen the suspension in which the strap end hangs, and secondly, it can be dangerous to stay out to the side of the bundle. Moreover, all straps should be loosened at the same time; otherwise it can be very difficult to untie the last strap.
Slike anordninger har med vekslende hell vært anvendt i en årrekke, idet man har løst problemet ved hjelp av enkeltvise snortrekk, forskjellig utforming av slippkrokene og eventuelt også med felles utlø-sermekanismer etter flere forskjellige prin-sipper. Such devices have been used with varying success for a number of years, as the problem has been solved with the help of individual cord pulls, different designs of the release hooks and possibly also with common release mechanisms according to several different principles.
Det har imidlertid vist seg at det hit-til kjente utstyr i praksis ikke har vært helt farefritt å håndtere, spesielt fordi den felles utløsermekanisme har vært vanskelig tilgjengelig og ikke har løst alle krokene eller liknende samtidig. Selve bære-bøylen har også vært gitt forskjelligartet form, så ikke alle slippkrokene har virket til sin hensikt. However, it has been shown that the hitherto known equipment in practice has not been completely safe to handle, especially because the common release mechanism has been difficult to access and has not released all the hooks or the like at the same time. The carrying hoop itself has also been given a different shape, so not all the release hooks have worked for their purpose.
Farefri behandling av denslags løft oppnår man først når alle kroker slipper absolutt samtidig. Safe handling of such a lift is only achieved when all hooks are released absolutely at the same time.
Formålet med oppfinnelsen er nå å skaffe en utførelse for et lasteåk hvor man med letthet får løsnet stroppenes ene ende samtidig, selv når stroppene er utsatt for et temmelig stort strekk. Ytterligere et formål med oppfinnelsen er å skaffe et lasteåk hvor utløsningen av stroppenes festeorganer kan foregå ved lasteåkets ene ende, slik at arbeideren som løsner stroppene, er ute av det farlige område i bun-tens sideretning. The purpose of the invention is now to provide a design for a load yoke where one end of the straps can be easily loosened at the same time, even when the straps are exposed to a rather large stretch. A further object of the invention is to provide a load yoke where the release of the straps' fastening means can take place at one end of the load yoke, so that the worker who loosens the straps is out of the dangerous area in the lateral direction of the bundle.
Oppfinnelsen vedrører således et lasteåk for langstrakte gjenstander, for eksempel tømmer, hvor en bjelke som er opphengt i lastekranen bærer minst to stropper i avstand fra hverandre med en ende av hver stropp opphengt i en av en felles mekanisme utløsbar opphengningsanordning. Et kjennetegnende trekk ved oppfinnelsen består i at nevnte mekanisme omfatter en aksel som bærer kammer, en for hver utløsbare opphengningsanordning, hvilke kammer på i og for seg kjent måte frikobler låsehaker fra bærebøyler for til-hørende stroppeender. The invention thus relates to a loading yoke for elongated objects, for example timber, where a beam which is suspended in the loading crane carries at least two straps at a distance from each other with one end of each strap suspended in a suspension device that can be released by a common mechanism. A characteristic feature of the invention is that said mechanism comprises an axle which carries cams, one for each releaseable suspension device, which cams in a manner known per se disengages locking hooks from carrying brackets for associated strap ends.
Ytterligere trekk, formål og fordeler ved oppfinnelsen vil fremgå av det etter-følgende, hvori det er beskrevet et utførel-seseksempel under henvisning til de med-følgende tegninger, hvor; Further features, purposes and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following, in which an exemplary embodiment is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, where;
Fig. 1 viser et lasteåk ifølge oppfinnelsen, sett fra siden. Fig. 2 viser et sideriss av en detalj ved løfteåket, sett i større målestokk. Fig. 3 viser et sideriss av en annen detalj, også sett i større målestokk, og delvis i snitt. Fig. 1 shows a load yoke according to the invention, seen from the side. Fig. 2 shows a side view of a detail at the lifting yoke, seen on a larger scale. Fig. 3 shows a side view of another detail, also seen on a larger scale, and partly in section.
Under henvisning til fig. 1 dannes løfteåket ifølge oppfinnelsen av en lang-strakt bjelke 10, som i den foretrukne ut-førelse vist på tegningen, er av kasseprofil bestående av to U-bj eiker sveiset sammen langs de sammenstøtende kanter når ka-nalene vender mot hverandre. To bærestykker 11, 12 er dannet av U-formet til-bukkete platestykker og fastgjort til hver sin svingetapp 13, 14 som løper gjennom boringer på tvers av bjelken 10, slik at disse bærestykker har en viss fri bevegelig-het i forhold til bjelken. Hvert bærestykke ligger i nærheten av en respektiv ende av bjelken 10 og er på ikke vist måte forbun-det med hver sin stropp som bæres av selve kranen (ikke vist). With reference to fig. 1, the lifting yoke according to the invention is formed by an elongated beam 10, which in the preferred embodiment shown in the drawing, is of a box profile consisting of two U-beams welded together along the clashing edges when the channels face each other. Two support pieces 11, 12 are formed from U-shaped bent plate pieces and attached to each pivot pin 13, 14 which run through bores across the beam 10, so that these support pieces have a certain amount of free movement in relation to the beam. Each support piece is located near a respective end of the beam 10 and is connected in a manner not shown with a separate strap which is carried by the crane itself (not shown).
Til undersiden av bjelken 10 er det festet ialt fire kroker generelt betegnet med 15. Hver krok er utformet slik det er vist i fig. 2, med et krokformet bæreorgan 16, hvis entreåpning er lukket av en sperrearm 17, som ved sin øvre ende er svingbart opphengt på en tapp 18. På denne måte vil øyet i en ende av en stropp kunne føres inn gjennom entreåpningen idet denne sperrearm føres unna ved å svinge om tap-pen 18. A total of four hooks are attached to the underside of the beam 10, generally denoted by 15. Each hook is designed as shown in fig. 2, with a hook-shaped carrier 16, the entrance opening of which is closed by a locking arm 17, which is pivotably suspended at its upper end on a pin 18. In this way, the eye at one end of a strap can be brought in through the entrance opening as this locking arm is guided away by swinging about tap-pen 18.
Like ved hver slik krok 15 er det plasert en utløsbar opphengningsanordning generelt betegnet med 19. Hver av disse har den form som fremgår av fig. 3. Det fremgår herav at det til bjelkens underside er sveiset en gaffelformet brakett 20 som opptar en svingetapp 21 for en krummet eller krokformet arm 22 som løper først temmelig vannrett over et parti 23 og der-etter tilnærmet vertikalt oppad. Samtidig er det på bjelkens overside festet en annen gaffelformet brakett 24 som opptar en svingetapp 25, hvorpå det er svingbart opplagret en arm 26 som løper tilnærmet horisontalt og ved sin frie ende er utstyrt med en nedadrettet hake 27. Denne hake griper over den frie ende på armen 22 og låser følgelig denne i en låsestilling, slik at en bærestropp 28 kan opptas i det leie som dannes ved overgangen mellom bære-armens 22 tilnærmet horisontale og tilnærmet vertikale parti. Denne bærestropp løper, når den bærer last, ut i en slik retning at et strekk oppstår i retningen for en pil 29. Close to each such hook 15, a detachable suspension device is placed, generally denoted by 19. Each of these has the shape shown in fig. 3. It appears from this that a fork-shaped bracket 20 has been welded to the underside of the beam which accommodates a pivot pin 21 for a curved or hook-shaped arm 22 which first runs fairly horizontally over a section 23 and then almost vertically upwards. At the same time, another fork-shaped bracket 24 is attached to the upper side of the beam, which accommodates a pivot pin 25, on which an arm 26 is pivotably supported, which runs approximately horizontally and is equipped at its free end with a downward-facing hook 27. This hook grips over the free end on the arm 22 and consequently locks this in a locking position, so that a carrying strap 28 can be accommodated in the bed formed at the transition between the approximately horizontal and approximately vertical parts of the carrying arm 22. This carrying strap, when carrying a load, runs out in such a direction that a stretch occurs in the direction of an arrow 29.
I hele bjelkens lengde løper det en aksel 30, som ligger under hakearmen 26. Ved hver hake bærer denne aksel en kam 31 med et kamfremspring 32. Dessuten bærer akselen ved en ende en utløserarm 33 som ender i et øye 34. Normalt løper denne utløseren skrått oppad; i dette tilfelle er kamfremspringet svinget ned i en inaktiv stilling. En motvekt antydet ved 35 sørger for å holde utløserarmen i denne normal-stilling, hvori hakearmene 26 holder bære-armene 22 for de forskjellige stropper 29 fastlåst. Along the entire length of the beam runs a shaft 30, which lies under the hook arm 26. At each hook, this shaft carries a cam 31 with a cam projection 32. In addition, the shaft at one end carries a trigger arm 33 that ends in an eye 34. Normally, this trigger runs slant upwards; in this case, the cam projection is swung down into an inactive position. A counterweight indicated at 35 ensures that the trigger arm is kept in this normal position, in which the hook arms 26 keep the support arms 22 for the various straps 29 locked.
Imidlertid kan en arbeider som står ved den ende av lasteåket hvor utløserar-men er anbragt, ved hjelp av en stang med en krok eller liknende, gripe fatt i utløser-armen og trekke denne nedad. Dette vil som følge av at akselen 30 svinges om, svinge kamfremspringene 32 oppad og derved løfte samtlige hakearmer 26 samtidig. På denne måte løftes hakene 27 opp over bærearmenes 22 frie ender. Strekket fra stroppene vil trekke hakearmene 22 nedad, og samtlige stropper vil være frie ved denne ene ende. However, a worker standing at the end of the loading yoke where the release arm is located can, by means of a rod with a hook or the like, grasp the release arm and pull it downwards. This will, as a result of the shaft 30 being rotated, swing the cam projections 32 upwards and thereby lift all hook arms 26 at the same time. In this way, the hooks 27 are lifted up over the free ends of the support arms 22. The stretch from the straps will pull the chin arms 22 downwards, and all the straps will be free at this one end.
Når nå kranen løfter løfteåket oppad, kan det utøves et meget stort strekk mot den ende av stroppene som er hektet inn på krokene 15. Man vil nemlig ha sikkerhet for at samtlige stropper er frigjort i den motsatte ende, eller hvis arbeideren ikke har trukket utløserarmen langt nok ned, at samtlige stropper fremdeles er opphengt i begge ender. Det siste tilfelle gir sikkerhet mot at uhell kan skje som følge av skjødesløshet fra den arbeiders side som passer utløserarmen. When the crane now lifts the lifting yoke upwards, a very large tension can be exerted on the end of the straps which are hooked onto the hooks 15. You want to be sure that all the straps are released at the opposite end, or if the worker has not pulled the release arm far enough down that all straps are still suspended at both ends. The latter case provides security against accidents occurring as a result of carelessness on the part of the worker fitting the trigger arm.
Fordi utløserarmen er plasert ved en-den av lasteåket, er det også lett å passe på at ingen befinner seg ut til sidene for lasten. Because the release arm is placed at one end of the load yoke, it is also easy to ensure that no one is out to the sides of the load.
Hvis dete ønskes, kan utløserarmen erstattes av en eller annen automatisk eller halvautomatisk utløsermekanisme. Man kan for eksempel la den erstattes av en elektromagnetisk drevet mekanisme som utløses med en trykknapp fra kranens fø-rerhus. Man kan også anvende en eller annen mekanisk utløseranordning som trer i virksomhet når lasteåket senkes ned til en bestemt høyde over marken. If desired, the trigger arm can be replaced by some automatic or semi-automatic trigger mechanism. It can, for example, be replaced by an electromagnetically driven mechanism that is triggered with a push button from the crane's cab. You can also use some kind of mechanical release device that comes into action when the load yoke is lowered to a certain height above the ground.
I alminnelighet vil man dog foretrekke en manuell utløsning, fordi denne gir ek-stra sikkerhet mot uhell. In general, however, one would prefer a manual release, because this provides extra safety against accidents.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7228195A FR2194767B1 (en) | 1972-08-04 | 1972-08-04 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO138533B true NO138533B (en) | 1978-06-12 |
NO138533C NO138533C (en) | 1978-09-20 |
Family
ID=9102888
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO3100/73A NO138533C (en) | 1972-08-04 | 1973-08-02 | PROCEDURES FOR THE PREPARATION OF LUBRICATION OIL BY HYDROCRACKING, SEPARATION AND ISOMERIZATION OF A B2O3 CONTAINING CATALYST |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS573716B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU474479B2 (en) |
BE (1) | BE802800R (en) |
CA (1) | CA967901A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2339278A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK142328B (en) |
FR (1) | FR2194767B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1440230A (en) |
IT (1) | IT1045905B (en) |
NL (1) | NL7310691A (en) |
NO (1) | NO138533C (en) |
SE (1) | SE396613B (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA735265B (en) |
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Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1457131A (en) * | 1964-12-08 | 1966-10-28 | Shell Int Research | Process for producing lubricating oils or lubricating oil constituents |
-
1972
- 1972-08-04 FR FR7228195A patent/FR2194767B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-06-06 CA CA173,321A patent/CA967901A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-07-26 BE BE1005261A patent/BE802800R/en active
- 1973-08-02 IT IT7327480A patent/IT1045905B/en active
- 1973-08-02 ZA ZA735265A patent/ZA735265B/en unknown
- 1973-08-02 SE SE7310670A patent/SE396613B/en unknown
- 1973-08-02 GB GB3673273A patent/GB1440230A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-08-02 NL NL7310691A patent/NL7310691A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1973-08-02 JP JP8642473A patent/JPS573716B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1973-08-02 DE DE2339278A patent/DE2339278A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1973-08-02 NO NO3100/73A patent/NO138533C/en unknown
- 1973-08-02 AU AU58851/73A patent/AU474479B2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-08-02 DK DK424373AA patent/DK142328B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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BE802800R (en) | 1974-01-28 |
FR2194767B1 (en) | 1975-03-07 |
JPS4959802A (en) | 1974-06-11 |
CA967901A (en) | 1975-05-20 |
AU5885173A (en) | 1975-02-06 |
JPS573716B2 (en) | 1982-01-22 |
ZA735265B (en) | 1974-07-31 |
AU474479B2 (en) | 1976-07-22 |
NL7310691A (en) | 1974-02-06 |
DK142328C (en) | 1981-03-09 |
GB1440230A (en) | 1976-06-23 |
DK142328B (en) | 1980-10-13 |
FR2194767A1 (en) | 1974-03-01 |
IT1045905B (en) | 1980-06-10 |
DE2339278A1 (en) | 1974-02-14 |
NO138533C (en) | 1978-09-20 |
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