NL2024360B1

NL2024360B1 - Intensive Tunnelling Machine Cutting Portion with Hobbing Cutters and Picks in Alternate Distribution

Info

Publication number: NL2024360B1
Application number: NL2024360A
Authority: NL
Inventors: Tian Ying; Zhang Qiang
Original assignee: Univ Shandong Science & Tech
Priority date: 2017-09-26
Filing date: 2019-12-02
Publication date: 2021-01-14
Also published as: CN107461206A; CN107461206B

Abstract

Intensive Tunnelling Machine Cutting Portion with Hobbing Cutters and Picks in Alternate Distribution 5 The invention relates to an intensive tunnelling machine cutting portion with hobbing cutters and picks in alternate distribution, and belongs to the technical ﬁeld of tunnelling machine cutting. The cutting portion comprises a breaking hammer, intensive pick seats, intensive picks, disc cutters, helical blades, single-tooth pick 10 seats and common picks, wherein the intensive pick seats are in the shape of strips, and the number of the intensive pick seats is the equal to that of the helical lines distributed at the top end of the breaking hammer. Each intensive pick seat corresponds to one helical line at the top end of the breaking hammer, and the shape of each intensive pick seat is the same as the line type of the corresponding helical 15 line. Each intensive pick seat is welded and ﬁxed to the top end of the breaking hammer along the corresponding helical line. A plurality of intensive pick mounting positions and a plurality of disc cutter mounting positions are formed on the intensive pick seats. The intensive pick mounting positions and the disc cutter mounting positions are alternately distributed. One intensive pick is mounted in each intensive 20 pick mounting position, and one disc cutter is mounted in each disc cutter mounting position. A helical blade is ﬁxed between the top end of the breaking hammer and the bottom of the breaking hammer, the single-tooth pick seat is ﬁxed along the rotating direction of the helical blade, and the common picks are mounted in the single-tooth pick seat. 25 Fig. l

Description

Intensive Tunnelling Machine Cutting Portion with Hobbing Cutters and Picks in Alternate Distribution

S TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnelling machine cutting, in particular to an intensive tunnelling machine cutting portion with hobbing cutters and picks in alternate distribution.

BACKGROUND

[0002] The tunnelling machine is the key equipment for fast tunnelling of modern mine roadways. With the continuous development of a tunnelling technology for underground coal mine roadways, the tunnelling speed of tunnelling machines is continuously increased, but it still cannot meet the production demands, which seriously restricts the high-efficiency and high-yield operation of mine shafts in China. The cutting head is a direct component for the tunnelling machine to achieve rock breaking, wherein wears in picks and pick seat fall-off are common problems during construction. In the process of actual production and use of the existing tunnelling machines, especially for the cutting of high-hardness rocks, the phenomena of wears in picks and pick seat fall-off at the top end of the cutting head are especially serious, which greatly affects the operational efficiency of the tunnelling machine and increases the cost of operation, so that the requirements for high efficiency and high yield cannot be met. Therefore, there is an urgent need for developing a new and efficient tunnelling machine cutting portion especially for high-hardness rocks.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

[0003] The invention provides an intensive tunnelling machine cutting portion with hobbing cutters and picks in alternate distribution. The intensive tunnelling machine cutting portion with hobbing cutters and picks in alternate distribution comprises a breaking hammer, intensive pick seats, intensive picks, disc cutters, helical blades, single-tooth pick seats and common picks;

[0004] pick seats are in the shape of strips, and the number of the intensive pick seats is equal to that of the helical lines distributed at the top end of the breaking hammer; and each intensive pick seat corresponds to one helical line at the top end of the breaking hammer, and the shape of each intensive pick seat is the same as the line type of the corresponding helical line. Each intensive pick seat is welded and fixed to the top end of the breaking hammer along the corresponding helical line;

[0005] and a plurality of intensive pick mounting positions and a plurality of disc cutter mounting positions are formed on the intensive pick seats. The intensive pick mounting positions and the disc cutter mounting positions are alternately distributed. One intensive pick is mounted in each intensive pick mounting position, and one disc cutter 1s mounted in each disc cutter mounting position.

[0006] A helical blade is also fixed between the top end of the breaking hammer and the bottom of the breaking hammer. A plurality of single-tooth pick seats are fixed to the breaking hammer in the rotating direction of the helical blade, and one common pick is mounted in each single-tooth pick seat.

[0007] Intensive pick mounting holes are formed in the intensive pick mounting positions, and the intensive picks are inserted into the intensive pick mounting holes; pin holes are formed in the intensive pick mounting positions, and the intensive picks, and the intensive picks are fixed in the intensive pick mounting positions by pins.

[0008] Hobbing cutter mounting grooves and pin holes are formed in the disc cutter mounting positions; pin holes are formed in the disc cutters; the disc cutters are mounted in the hobbing cutter mounting grooves by pins, and the disc cutters can roll in the hobbing cutter mounting grooves around the pins.

[0009] The intensive pick seats, the intensive pick mounting positions and the disc cutter mounting positions are formed integrally.

[0010] Clamping grooves are formed at the bottom ends of the cylindrical sections of the common picks; mounting holes are formed in the single-tooth pick seats, and the cylindrical sections of the common picks are inserted into the mounting holes; the bottom ends of the cylindrical sections are exposed from the mounting holes, and the ring retainers are clamped into the clamping grooves; the common picks and the single-tooth pick seats are in clearance fit;

[0011] the ring retainers are made of metal such as iron; and

[0012] the number of the intensive pick seats can be two, three or four.

[0013] In view of the phenomena of serious wear in the picks of the top end of the breaking hammer of the heading machine cutting portion and serious fall-off of the pick seats, the invention improves a traditional heading machine cutting portion according to the characteristic that force applied to the picks at the top end of the heading hammer of the cutting portion and the pick seats is greater than that applied to other parts of the cutting proportion, that is, the single-tooth pick seats at the top end of the heading hammer of the cutting head are replaced with improved intensive pick seats, and the disc cutters and the intensive picks are alternately mounted on the intensive pick seats. The intensive pick seats and the top end of the breaking hammer in the invention are fixedly connected by welding. Compared with space welding of the single-tooth pick seats at the top end of the breaking hammer, the welding area between the pick seats and the breaking hammer is greatly enlarged. Therefore, when an intensive pick mounted on the corresponding intensive pick seat is subjected to greater impact force, the impact force is borne by the intensive pick seat, and the phenomenon of fall-off of the pick seat is greatly avoided. In the invention, more picks can be mounted on a limited area of the top end of the breaking hammer by welding the intensive pick seats, so that the density of the picks at the top end of the breaking hammer 1s increased, and concentrated force on a single pick is reduced. Besides, the disc cutters and the intensive picks are alternately distributed to enable the disc cutters to presplit the rocks before the intensive picks cut the rocks, so that the serious wear in the picks at the top end of the heading hammer is greatly relieved, the replacement cycles of all the picks on the whole heading hammer are almost equal and the number of replacement times and down time of the picks are reduced, which have great significance for improvement of the working efficiency of the heading machine. Also, the concentrated force on one single pick is reduced, and fall-off of the pick seats can also be effectively prevented, which is good for reduction of the maintenance cost. In the invention, the shape of the strip-shaped intensive pick seats is the same as the line type of the helical lines arranged at the top end of the heading hammer, so that broken rocks can be effectively discharged. The cutting portion disclosed by the invention has the advantages of being compact, reasonable and simple in structure and wide in practicability.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] FIG.1 is a structure diagram of the intensive heading machine cutting portion with hobbing cutters and picks in alternative distribution, provided by the invention;

[0015] FIG.2 is a location diagram of the intensive pick seats and the breaking hammer provided by the invention;

[0016] FIG.3 is a schematic diagram of the location arrangement of the intensive pick seats provided by the invention;

[0017] FIG.4 is a structure diagram of the common picks provided by the invention;

[0018] FIG.5 is a structure diagram of the single-tooth pick seats provided by the invention;

[0019] FIG.6 is an assembly diagram of the single-tooth pick seats and the common picks provided by the invention;

[0020] FIG.7 1s a structure diagram of the intensive picks provided by the invention;

[0021] FIG.8 is a structure diagram of the intensive pick seats provided by the invention;

[0022] FIG.9 is a structure diagram of the disc cutter provided by the invention;

[0023] FIG.10 is an assembly diagram of the intensive pick seats, intensive picks and disc cutter provided by the invention.

[0024] Wherein,

[0025] 1 breaking hammer, 11 top end of the breaking hammer, 12 central axis of breaking hammer; 2 intensive pick seat, 21 intensive pick mounting position, 22 disc cutter mounting position, 23 intensive pick mounting hole, 24 pin hole a, 25 hobbing cutter mounting groove, 26 pin hole b; 3 intensive pick, 31 pin hole c; 4 disc cutter, 41 pin hole d; 5 helical blade; 6 single-tooth pick seat, 61 mounting hole; 7 common pick, 71 clamping groove; 8 pin; 9 ring retainer.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] During fabrication of the cutting head, a reasonable number of helical lines will be arranged on the breaking hammer according to the actual situation, such as the size of the breaking hammer, and the hardness of coal rocks. In the prior art, the single-tooth pick seats are welded and fixed to the breaking hammer along the helical lines, and finally the picks are mounted in the single-tooth pick seats. Because the area of the top end of the breaking hammer is smaller, the number of single-tooth pick seats welded to the top end of the breaking hammer along the helical lines is small, and the number of the picks at the top end of the breaking hammer is smaller. But since the top end of the breaking hammer is the first to be exposed to high-hardness rocks in the process of operation of the cutting head, the picks at the top end of the breaking hammer are seriously worn, and the working efficiency 1s affected.

[0027] As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 10, the invention provides an intensive tunnelling machine cutting portion with hobbing cutters and picks in alternate distribution. The intensive tunnelling machine cutting portion with hobbing cutters and picks in alternate distribution comprises a breaking hammer 1, intensive pick seats 2, intensive 5 picks 3, disc cutters 4, helical blades 5, single-tooth pick seats 6 and common picks 7.

[0028] In the invention, a reasonable number of helical lines also needs to be arranged on the breaking hammer 1 and the top end of the breaking hammer 11 according to the actual situation during fabrication of the cutting portion, wherein the intensive pick seats 2 are in the shape of strips, and the number of the intensive pick seats 2 is the equal to that of the helical lines distributed at the top end of the breaking hammer

11. Each intensive pick seat 2 corresponds to one helical line at the top end of the breaking hammer 11, and the shape of each intensive pick seat 2 is the same as the line type of the corresponding helical line. Each intensive pick seat 2 is welded and fixed to the top end of the breaking hammer 11 along the corresponding helical line, and the number of the intensive pick seats 2 can be two, three or four. Two helical lines are arranged at the top end of the breaking hammer 11 in FIG.1, FIG.2 and FIG.3, and therefore, two intensive pick seats 2 are fixedly welded to the top end of the breaking hammer 11.

[0029] A plurality of intensive pick mounting positions 21 and a plurality of disc cutter mounting positions 22 are formed on the intensive pick seats 2. The intensive pick mounting positions 21 and the disc cutter mounting positions 22 are alternately distributed. One intensive pick 3 is mounted in each intensive pick mounting position 21, and one disc cutter 4 is mounted in each disc cutter mounting position 22.

[0030] A helical blade 5 is also fixed between the top end of the breaking hammer 11 and the breaking hammer 1. The helical blade 5 is welded and fixed to the breaking hammer 1 along the helical lines arranged between the top end of the breaking hammer 11 and the bottom of the breaking hammer 1. A plurality of single-tooth pick seats 6 are fixed to the breaking hammer 1 by welding along the rotation direction of the helical blade 5. The single-tooth pick seats 6 are closely against one side close to the top end of breaking hammer 11, of the helical blade 5, the single-tooth pick seats 6 and the helical blade 5 are also reinforced by welding. One common pick 7 is mounted in every single-tooth pick seat 6. The structures of the single-tooth pick seats 6 are all the same. The structures of part of the single-tooth pick seats 6 and the helical blade 5 are omitted in FIG. 1.

[0031] In the invention, as shown in FIG.8 and FIG. 10, intensive pick mounting holes 23 are formed in the intensive pick mounting positions 21, and the intensive picks 3 are inserted into the intensive pick mounting holes 23 for radial positioning of the intensive picks 3. As shown in FIG.7, FIG.8 and FIG. 10, pin holes a24 are formed in the intensive pick mounting positions 21, and pin holes c31 are also formed in the intensive picks 3 which are fixed in the intensive pick mounting positions 21 by pins 8 for axial positioning of the intensive picks 3.

[0032] As shown in FIG.8, hobbing cutter mounting grooves 25 and pin holes b26 are formed in the disc cutter mounting positions 22. As shown in FIG.9, pin holes d41 are formed in the disc cutters 4. As shown in FIG.8 and FIG.10, the disc cutters 4 are mounted in the hobbing cutter mounting grooves 25 by pins 8, and the disc cutters 4 can roll in the hobbing cutter mounting grooves 25 around the pins 8 penetrating through the centers of the disc cutters 4.

[0033] The intensive pick seats 2, the intensive pick mounting positions 21 and the disc cutter mounting positions 22 in the invention are formed integrally. The intensive pick seats 2 are made by casting molding, and the intensive pick mounting positions 21 and the disc cutter mounting positions 22 are processed on the cast intensive pick seats 2 by performing mechanical processing such as grooving and drilling on the intensive pick seats 2.

[0034] As shown in FIG.4, clamping grooves 71 are formed at the bottom ends of the cylindrical sections of the common picks 7. As shown in FIG.5, mounting holes 61 are formed in the single-tooth pick seats 6, and the cylindrical sections of the common picks 7 are inserted into the mounting holes for radial positioning of the common picks 7. As shown in FIG.6, the bottom ends of the cylindrical sections are exposed from the mounting holes 61, and the ring retainers 9 are clamped into the clamping grooves 71 for axial positioning of the common picks 7. The typical picks 7 and the single-tooth pick seats 6 are in clearance fit, wherein the ring retainers 9 are made of metal such as iron.

[0035] The working principle of the intensive heading machine cutting portion with hobbing cutters and picks in alternate distribution disclosed by the invention lies in that: the helical blade 5, the single-tooth pick seats 6 and the intensive pick seats 2 can make rotational movement along with the breaking hammer 1 around the central axis of the breaking hammer 12. Therefore, the intensive picks 3 in the intensive pick mounting positions 21, the disc cutters 4 in the disc cutter mounting positions 22 and the common picks 7 in the single-tooth pick seats 6 can made rotational movement at the same time to realize rock cutting.

[0036] In view of the phenomena of serious wear in the picks of the top end of the breaking hammer of the heading machine cutting portion and serious fall-off of the pick seats, the invention improves a traditional heading machine cutting portion according to the characteristic that force applied to the picks at the top end of the heading hammer of the cutting portion and the pick seats is greater than that applied to other parts of the cutting proportion, that is, the single-tooth pick seats 6 at the top end of the heading hammer 11 of the cutting head are replaced with improved intensive pick seats 2, and the disc cutters 22 and the intensive picks 3 are alternately mounted on the intensive pick seats 2. The intensive pick seats 2 and the top end of the breaking hammer 11 in the invention are fixedly connected by welding. Compared with space welding of the single-tooth pick seats 6 at the top end of the breaking hammer 11, the welding area between the pick seats and the breaking hammer 1 is greatly enlarged. Therefore, when an intensive pick 3 mounted on the corresponding intensive pick seat 2 is subjected to greater impact force, the impact force is borne by the intensive pick seat 2, and the phenomenon of fall-off of the pick seat is greatly avoided. In the invention, more picks can be mounted on a limited area of the top end of the breaking hammer 11 by welding the intensive pick seats 2, so that the density of the picks at the top end of the breaking hammer 11 is improved, and concentrated force on a single pick is reduced. Besides, the disc cutters 4 and the intensive picks 3 are alternately distributed to enable the disc cutters 4 to presplit the rocks before the intensive picks 3 cut the rocks, so that the serious wear in the picks at the top end of the heading hammer 11 is greatly relieved, the replacement cycles of all the picks on the whole heading hammer 1 are almost equal and the number of replacement times and down time of the picks are reduced, which have great significance for improvement of the working efficiency of the heading machine. Also, the concentrated force on one single pick is reduced, and fall-off of the pick seats can also be effectively prevented, which is good for reduction of the maintenance cost. In the invention, the shape of the strip-shaped intensive pick seats 2 is the same as the line type of the helical lines arranged at the top end of the heading hammer 11, so that broken rocks can be effectively discharged. The cutting portion disclosed by the invention has the advantages of being compact, reasonable and simple in structure and wide in practicability.

[0037] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely examples to illustrate the invention, not to limit the invention.

Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and the like made in the spirit and principle of the invention shall be included in the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

CONCLUSIESCONCLUSIONS

1.- Snijgedeelte voor een intensieve tunnelgraafmachine met freesmessen en pikhouwelen in afwisselende verdeling, gekenmerkt doordat het snijgedeelte voor de intensieve tunnelgraafmachine met freesmessen en pikhouwelen in afwisselende verdeling een breekhamer, zittingen voor intensieve pikhouwelen, intensieve pikhouwelen, schijfmessen, helische schoepen, zittingen voor enkeltandige pikhouwelen en gebruikelijke pikhouwelen omvat, waarbij de zittingen voor intensieve pikhouwelen in de vorm van stroken zijn, en het aantal zittingen voor intensieve pikhouwelen gelijk is aan dat van de helische lijnen die verdeeld zijn aan het bovenste uiteinde van de breekhamer; elke zitting voor intensieve pikhouwelen overeenkomt met één helische lijn aan het bovenste uiteinde van de breekhamer, en de vorm van elke zitting voor intensieve pikhouwelen dezelfde is als de lijntype van de overeenkomstige helische lijn; elke zitting voor intensieve pikhouwelen is gelast en vastgemaakt aan het bovenste uiteinde van de breekhamer langsheen de overeenkomstige helische lijn; een veelheid van montageposities voor intensieve pikhouwelen en een veelheid van montageposities voor schijfmessen zijn gevormd op de zittingen voor intensieve pikhouwelen; de montageposities voor intensieve pikhouwelen en de montageposities voor schijfmessen afwisselend verdeeld zijn; één intensief pikhouweel is gemonteerd in elke montageposities voor intensieve pikhouwelen, en één schijfmes is gemonteerd in elke montagepositie voor schijfmessen; en ook een helische schoep is vastgemaakt tussen het bovenste uiteinde van de breekhamer en de bodem van de breekhamer, een veelheid van zittingen voor enkeltandige pikhouwelen aan de breekhamer is vastgemaakt in de rotatierichting van de helische schoep, en één gewoon pikhouweel is gemonteerd in elke zitting voor enkeltandige pikhouwelen.1.- Cutting section for an intensive tunnel excavator with milling knives and pickaxes in alternating distribution, characterized in that the cutting area for the intensive tunnel excavator with milling knives and pickaxes in alternating distribution includes a breaker, seats for intensive picks, intensive picks, disc knives, helical blades, seats for single-toothed includes pickaxes and conventional pickaxes, the intensive pick seats being in the form of strips, and the number of intensive pick seats being equal to that of the helical lines distributed at the top end of the breaker; each intensive pick seat corresponds to one helical line at the top end of the breaker, and the shape of each intensive pick seat is the same as the line type of the corresponding helical line; each intensive pick seat is welded and secured to the top end of the breaker along the corresponding helical line; a plurality of intensive pick mounting positions and a plurality of disc blade mounting positions are formed on the intensive pick seats; the mounting positions for intensive picks and the mounting positions for disc knives are alternately distributed; one intensive pick is mounted in each intensive pick mounting positions, and one disc blade is mounted in each disc blade mounting position; and also a helical vane is attached between the top end of the breaker and the bottom of the breaker, a plurality of seats for single-pronged pickaxes on the breaker are fixed in the direction of rotation of the helical vane, and one common pickaxe is mounted in each seat for single-toothed pickaxes.

2.- Snijgedeelte voor een intensieve tunnelgraafmachine met freesmessen en pikhouwelen in afwisselende verdeling volgens conclusie 1, gekenmerkt doordat bevestigingsholtes voor intensieve pikhouwelen zijn gevormd in de montageposities voor intensieve pikhouwelen, en de intensieve pikhouwelen zijn ingebracht in de bevestigingsholtes voor intensieve pikhouwelen, penholtes zijn gevormd in de montageposities voor intensieve pikhouwelen en in de intensieve pikhouwelen, en de intensieve pikhouwelen door pennen zijn vastgemaakt in de montageposities voor intensieve pikhouwelen.2.- Cutting section for an intensive tunneling machine with milling blades and pick axes in alternating distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that mounting holes for intensive picks are formed in the mounting positions for intensive picks, and the intensive picks are inserted in the mounting pockets for intensive picks, pin pockets are formed in the intensive picks mounting positions and in the intensive picks, and the intensive picks by pins are secured in the intensive picks mounting positions.

3.- Snijgedeelte voor een intensieve tunnelgraafmachine met freesmessen en pikhouwelen in atwisselende verdeling volgens conclusie 1, gekenmerkt doordat bevestigingsgroeven voor freesmessen en penholtes zijn gevormd in de montageposities voor schijfmessen, penholtes zijn gevormd in de schijfmessen, de S schijfmessen door pennen zijn gemonteerd in de bevestigingsgroeven voor freesmessen, en de schijfmessen rond de pennen kunnen rollen in de bevestigingsgroeven voor freesmessen.Cutting section for an intensive tunneling machine with milling blades and pick axes in alternating distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that fixing grooves for milling knives and pin holes are formed in the mounting positions for disc knives, pin holes are formed in the disc knives, the S disc knives are mounted by pins in the cutter attachment grooves, and the disc cutters around the pins can roll into the cutter attachment grooves.

4 - Snijgedeelte voor een intensieve tunnelgraafmachine met freesmessen en pikhouwelen in afwisselende verdeling volgens conclusie 1, gekenmerkt doordat de 10 zittingen voor intensieve pikhouwelen, de montageposities voor intensieve pikhouwelen en de montageposities voor schijfmessen integraal zijn gevormd.Cutting section for an intensive tunneling machine with milling knives and pick axes in alternating distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that the seats for intensive picks, the mounting positions for intensive picks and the mounting positions for disc knives are integrally formed.

5.- Snijgedeelte voor een intensieve tunnelgraafmachine met freesmessen en pikhouwelen in afwisselende verdeling volgens conclusie 1, gekenmerkt doordat klemgroeven zijn gevormd aan de onderste uiteinden van de cilindervormige secties van de gebruikelijke pikhouwelen, bevestigingsholtes zijn gevormd in de zittingen voor enkeltandige pikhouwelen, de cilindervormige secties van de gebruikelijke pikhouwelen zijn ingebracht in de bevestigingsholtes, de onderste uiteinden van de cilindervormige secties zijn blootgesteld vanuit de bevestigingsholtes, de ringvasthouders zijn vastgeklemd in de klemgroeven, en gebruikelijke pikhouwelen en de zittingen voor enkeltandige pikhouwelen in lopende passing zijn.Cutting section for an intensive tunneling machine with cutter blades and pickaxes in alternating distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that clamping grooves are formed at the lower ends of the cylindrical sections of the usual pickaxes, fixing cavities are formed in the seats for single-pronged pickaxes, the cylindrical sections of the conventional pickaxes are inserted into the fastening cavities, the lower ends of the cylindrical sections are exposed from the fastening cavities, the ring retainers are clamped in the clamp grooves, and conventional pickaxes and the single-pronged pick seats are in flush fit.

6.- Snijgedeelte voor een intensieve tunnelgraafmachine met freesmessen en pikhouwelen in afwisselende verdeling volgens conclusie 5, gekenmerkt doordat de ringvasthouders zijn vervaardigd uit metaal, zoals ijzer.Cutting section for an intensive tunnel excavator with milling knives and pickaxes in alternating distribution according to claim 5, characterized in that the ring retainers are made of metal, such as iron.

7.- Snijgedeelte voor een intensieve tunnelgraafmachine met freesmessen en pikhouwelen in afwisselende verdeling volgens een van de conclusies 1-6, gekenmerkt doordat het aantal zittingen voor intensieve pikhouwelen 2, 3 of 4 kan zijn.Cutting section for an intensive tunneling machine with cutter blades and pickaxes in alternating distribution according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the number of seats for intensive pickaxes can be 2, 3 or 4.