KR20020029363A - The byproduct manure(compost) and it's manufacturing methods using woodchip zymotechnics and microoganism - Google Patents

The byproduct manure(compost) and it's manufacturing methods using woodchip zymotechnics and microoganism Download PDF

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KR20020029363A
KR20020029363A KR1020020016215A KR20020016215A KR20020029363A KR 20020029363 A KR20020029363 A KR 20020029363A KR 1020020016215 A KR1020020016215 A KR 1020020016215A KR 20020016215 A KR20020016215 A KR 20020016215A KR 20020029363 A KR20020029363 A KR 20020029363A
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fermentation
compost
mixture
fertilizer
wood chips
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박용균
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박용균
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00Other organic fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00Other organic fertilisers
    • C05F11/08Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A byproduct fertilizer(compost) manufactured by woodchip fermentation method using chicken droppings and saw dust is provided. Also, the resultant fertilizer including bacillus subtilis has resistance to phytophthora blight of peppers and anthracnose so that it improves soil. CONSTITUTION: The byproduct fertilizer is manufactured by the following steps: mixing 100pts.wt. of chicken droppings, 65-75wt.% of saw dust, and 25-35wt.% of wood chip offering pores for activation of aerobic bacteria; piling up out in the open(for 15days at room temperature) for the primary fermentation; fermenting at 70-75deg.C for 15days in a fermenting room for the secondary fermentation; supplying water to be a mixture with 65% water; aging over 6months; separating woodchip from mixture; adding bacillus subtilis with resistance to phytophthora blight of peppers and anthracnose; standizing for fertilizer.

Description

우드칩 발효공법과 미생물을 이용한 부산물비료(퇴비) 및 그 제조방법{The byproduct manure(compost) and it's manufacturing methods using woodchip zymotechnics and microoganism}The byproduct manure (compost) and it's manufacturing methods using woodchip zymotechnics and microoganism}

본 발명은 우드칩 발효공법과 미생물을 이용한 부산물비료(퇴비) 및 그 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 더 상세하게는 계분과 톱밥을 섞어 우드칩 발효공법으로 완전히 발효시켜 퇴비로서의 기능 및 미생물군집으로서의 기능을 활성화시키고 고추 역병균 및 탄저병균 저항성 균주인 바실러스 서브틸리스(Bacilus subtilis)를 대량 배양하여 첨가하는 부산물비료(퇴비) 및 그 제조방법에 관한 것이다The present invention relates to a wood chip fermentation method and a by-product fertilizer (compost) using a microorganism and a method for manufacturing the same, and more specifically, by mixing wood flour and sawdust, fermented completely by the wood chip fermentation method to function as a compost and microbial community. By-product fertilizer (compost) for activating and culturing Bacillus subtilis, a bacterium resistant bacterium and anthrax resistant strain, in large quantities and adding the same

농기계와 화학공업의 발달과 더불어 대형화, 전문화된 재배농들은 늘어난 퇴비소요를 자급하기 어렵게 되자, 값싸고 손쉬우면서 효과도 빠른 화학비료와 농약에 의존하게 되었다. 그 결과 토양에는 유기물이 부족하여 토양미생물이 감소하고, 염류축적과 산성화 현상이 나타나면서 수확도 줄고 품질이 저하되었다. 최근 이러한 화학비료와 농약의 남용으로 인한 폐해를 깨닫고 유기물과 그 공급원인 퇴비의 중요성이 더욱 커지게 되었다.With the development of agricultural machinery and the chemical industry, large-scale, specialized growers have become increasingly uncomfortable with increased compost requirements, and have become dependent on cheap, easy-to-use and fast-acting chemical fertilizers and pesticides. As a result, the soil was depleted of organic matter, resulting in reduced soil microorganisms, salt accumulation and acidification, which resulted in reduced harvest and reduced quality. Recently, due to the abuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, the importance of organic matter and its compost has become more important.

부산물비료(퇴비)는 농업, 임업, 축산업, 수산업, 제조업 또는 판매업을 영위하는 과정에서 나온 부산물, 인분뇨, 음식물류 폐기물, 토양 미생물 제제, 토양활성제 등 비료 성능이 있는 물질을 퇴비화 과정을 거쳐서 제조된다. 그러나 폐기물 처리의 차원에서 산업쓰레기, 음식물 쓰레기, 도축장 폐기물 등을 원료로 사용하는 경우에는 제품에 병원균, 중금속, 난분해성 물질 그리고 염분과 그 밖에 식물 생장과 환경보호에 해로운 물질이 남아 있을 수도 있다. 뿐만 아니라 어떤 재료를 어떻게 발효시키냐에 따라서도 부산물 비료의 작물생육 및 토양개선에 미치는 효과 등의 품질이 달라진다. 특히 미숙한 퇴비를 하우스에 시용하였을 경우에 가스 방출로 인한 식물체의 생육장애를 일으키게 된다By-product fertilizer (compost) is produced by composting fertilizers, such as by-products, manure, food waste, soil microbial preparations, and soil activators from agriculture, forestry, livestock, fisheries, manufacturing or sales. However, if industrial waste, food waste, slaughterhouse waste, etc. are used as raw materials for waste disposal, the product may contain pathogens, heavy metals, hardly decomposable substances, salts and other substances that are harmful to plant growth and environmental protection. In addition, depending on how and what ingredients are fermented, the quality of the by-product fertilizers on crop growth and soil improvement is also different. In particular, when immature compost is applied to the house, it causes plant growth problems due to gas release.

본 발명은 상술한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여, 좋은 퇴비를 얻기 위한 원료로써 적합한 축분(계분)을 농작물의 생육에 필요한 부산물 비료를 제조하는데 이용하였고, 우드칩 발효공법으로 발효시킴으로써 부산물 비료(퇴비)를 시용하여 식물 양분 공급원으로서 효과, 토양의 이화학성 개선효과와 토양 중의 생물상과 그 활성의 유지 및 증진할 수 있고, 고추 역병균 및 탄저병균에 저항성을 갖는 균주를 첨가함으로써 토양내 미생물상을 개량할 수 있는 우드칩 발효공법과 미생물을 이용한 부산물비료(퇴비) 및 그 제조방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention was used to prepare by-product fertilizers necessary for the growth of crops as a raw material for obtaining good compost, and by-product fertilizer (compost) by fermentation by wood chip fermentation method It can be applied as a plant nutrient source, improves the physicochemical properties of soil, maintains and enhances the biologic and its activity in soil, and can improve microbial phase in soil by adding strains resistant to red pepper germ and anthrax. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wood chip fermentation method and by-product fertilizer (compost) using a microorganism and a method for producing the same.

일반적으로 고추의 역병과 탄저병은 우리나라 고추 재배에서 가장 문제가 되는 병이다. 구체적으로는 탄저병의 경우 과실을 썩게 하여 그 피해가 가장 직접적ㆍ치명적이며, 역병의 경우 육묘에서 수확기에 이르는 전 생육기간에 걸쳐 발생이 가능하고, 뿌리, 줄기, 잎, 과실 등에 모두 병을 일으킨다. 이는 고추 산지에서의연작에 따른 병균 밀도의 증가와 지력의 감소로 병 발생이 심화되는데, 우선 땅속의 병균 밀도를 낮추는 방법으로 여러 가지 중 유기물 시용을 들 수 있다. 토양을 깊이 갈고 유기물 시용을 늘려 토양의 배수성과 통기성을 좋게 하여 토양개량을 통해 고추의 역병 및 탄저병의 저항력을 길러주는 것이다. 뿐만 아니라 고추 역병균 및 탄저병균에 대한 저항성균을 첨가함으로써 기존의 약제처리에만 의존하는 것이 아니라 경작지내 미생물간의 상호작용으로 역병균 및 탄저병균의 발생을 억제시키고 방제하는데 효과적일 것이다.In general, pepper blight and anthrax are the most problematic diseases in Korean pepper cultivation. Specifically, in the case of anthrax, the damage is the most direct and fatal, and in the case of late blight, it can occur during the entire growing period from seedling to harvesting, and causes all roots, stems, leaves, and fruits. This is caused by an increase in germ density and a decrease in intellect caused by a series of pepper production, and first of all, the use of organic materials is a way to lower the density of germs in the ground. By deepening the soil and increasing the application of organic matter, it improves the drainage and air permeability of the soil and improves the resistance of pepper blight and anthrax through soil improvement. In addition, by adding resistance bacteria against pepper blight and anthrax, it would be effective in suppressing and controlling the occurrence of blight and anthrax by interaction between microorganisms in farmland.

본 발명의 기본적인 구성은 부산물 비료를 제조하기 위하여 계분 100중량부당 톱밥 65∼75중량부, 우드칩 25∼35중량부를 혼합하는 혼합공정과; 혼합공정에 의해 혼합된 계분을 야적하여 분해되기 쉬운 단백질ㆍ아미노산ㆍ당질ㆍ전분 등을 분해시키는 1차 발효 공정과; 1차 발효공정을 거친 혼합된 계분을 바로크공법 발효실에서 70∼75℃ 온도에서 15일간 발효시키는 2차 발효공정과; 2차 발효시 3일간격으로 관수하여 발효시 증발되는 증기로 인한 수분부족을 해결하기 위한 관수공정과; 2차 발효공정을 거친 계분, 톱밥, 우드칩 혼합물을 후숙실에서 6개월 이상 발효시키는 3차발효공정과; 3차 발효공정을 거친 혼합물에서 우드칩을 걸러내는 선별공정과; 선별공정을 거친 퇴비에 고추 역병균 및 탄저균의 저항성 균주를 대량 배양하여 첨가하고 제올라이트 등으로 규격화하는 미생물 첨가 및 표준화공정으로 이루어짐을 특징으로 한다.The basic constitution of the present invention comprises a mixing step of mixing 65 to 75 parts by weight of sawdust and 25 to 35 parts by weight of wood chips per 100 parts by weight of the flour to prepare a byproduct fertilizer; A primary fermentation step of decomposing proteins, amino acids, sugars, starches and the like which are easily decomposed by depositing the mixed meals by the mixing step; A secondary fermentation step of fermenting the mixed system powder having undergone the first fermentation step at a temperature of 70 to 75 ° C. in a baroque fermentation chamber for 15 days; Watering process to solve the lack of water due to steam evaporated during fermentation by irrigation at the 3rd interval during the second fermentation; A third fermentation process for fermenting the mixture of chicken flour, sawdust, and wood chips, which have undergone the secondary fermentation process, in a ripening room for more than 6 months; A sorting process of filtering wood chips from the mixture which has undergone the third fermentation process; It is characterized by consisting of a microorganism addition and standardization process by adding a large amount of resistant strains of pepper blight and anthrax to the compost after the screening process and standardized by zeolite.

이하 본 발명을 상세하게 설명한다. 우선 여러 축분의 소화율을 살펴보면,우분85%, 돈분 70∼75%, 계분 50∼60%정도이기에, 원재료로 계분을 이용하면 각종 미량요소 Ca, Mn, Mg, B, Zn, Mo등의 공급효과가 높다. 톱밥의 경우 발효가공 처리되었을시 토양부식전환율이 30%정도에 이르러 토양입자를 입단화하여 토양의 통기성, 보수력 및 보비력을 향상시키며, 양이온 치환 능력(C.E.C)를 높여 완충능력을 향상시키고, 토양 미생물의 수와 활성이 증가되어 유해물질을 분해, 제거 및 안정화시키는 기능을 발휘한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. First of all, the digestibility of various nutrients is 85% of milk powder, 70-75% of pig powder, and 50-60% of chicken powder. Therefore, when the powder is used as a raw material, the supply effect of various trace elements Ca, Mn, Mg, B, Zn, Mo, etc. Is high. In case of sawdust fermentation process, the soil corrosion conversion rate reaches about 30%, so that the soil particles are granulated to improve the air permeability, water retention, and bore force, and increase the cation substitution capacity (CEC) to improve buffering capacity and soil microorganisms. Increases the number and activity of the compounds to function to decompose, remove and stabilize the hazardous substances.

그러나 상기 계분 및 톱밥을 발효시키는데 있어서, 생계분의 경우 질소함량이 4∼5%정도로 높고, 요산에 의해 pH가 낮고 톱밥의 경우에는 리그닌, 수지, 탄닌, 톨렌 등의 난분해성분이 함유되어 있기 때문에 일반적인 방법으로는 제대로 발효시켜 분해 숙성시키지 못하므로 이를 해결하기 위하여 본 발명에서는 우드칩 발효공법으로 발효시켰다.However, in fermenting the flour and sawdust, the livelihood contains nitrogen as high as 4-5%, low pH due to uric acid, and sawdust contains hardly decomposed components such as lignin, resin, tannin, and tolene. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, the fermentation method is a wood chip fermentation method.

먼저, 혼합공정은 계분, 톱밥과 우드칩을 혼합하는 공정으로 계분 100중량부당 톱밥 65∼75중량부, 우드칩 25∼35중량부를 혼합하여 둔다. 우드칩(wood chip)이란 벌채목, 간벌목, 과수원 전자목 등 폐기목을 잘게 파쇄하여 만드는데, 일반적으로 퇴비제조, 조경용 자재 등으로 많이 사용된다. 본 공정에는 순수 국내산 육송을 파쇄하여 우드칩을 제조한다.First, the mixing step is a step of mixing the flour, sawdust and wood chips, and 65 to 75 parts by weight of sawdust and 25 to 35 parts by weight of wood chips per 100 parts by weight of the meal. Wood chips are made by crushing waste wood such as logging, thinning, orchard trees, and are generally used for composting and landscaping materials. In this process, wood chips are manufactured by crushing pure domestic meat.

다음, 혼합공정에 의해 혼합된 계분을 야적하여 분해되기 쉬운 단백질ㆍ아미노산ㆍ당질ㆍ전분 등을 분해시키는데, 발육이 빠른 곰팡이와 세균에 의해서 분해가 이루어진다. 야적장소는 지붕이 있는 개방된 공간이 좋고 야적기간은 상온에서 15일 정도가 소요된다.Next, the mixed system powders are mixed by the mixing process to decompose proteins, amino acids, sugars, starches, etc., which are susceptible to degradation, and are degraded by molds and bacteria that develop rapidly. The yard should have an open space with a roof, and the yard takes about 15 days at room temperature.

다음, 2차 발효 공정으로 혼합공정에 의해 혼합된 계분을 바로크공법 발효실에서 70∼75℃로 15일간 둔다. 이때에 이르면 당분, 단백질, 지방질 등 분해되기 쉬운 물질들은 대부분 분해 완료되고 이후부터는 중온하에서 활동하는 리그닌 분해균과 섬유소 분해균의 활동이 시작되는 것이다. 발효가 시작되면 미생물들의 작용으로 유기물이 분해되고 발열이 되어 퇴비 중의 온도가 급격히 높아지고 미생물들은 리그닌ㆍ헤미셀룰로오스와 결합되어 있는 셀룰로오스를 분해하게 되는데 이 시기의 퇴비온도는 70∼75℃이기에 고온 호기성인 방선균 몇 가지만 관여하기에 산소를 가장 많이 필요로 한다. 상기 바로크공법이란 부족한 산소를 공급하는 체계로서, 발효실 바닦에 공기순환 펌프를 가동시켜 혼합물의 하부에서 상부까지 산소를 공급하는 것으로 당분야에서 통상적으로 사용되는 기술이다.Next, the system powder mixed by the mixing process by the secondary fermentation process is left at 70-75 degreeC for 15 days in a baroque fermentation chamber. At this point, most of the susceptible substances such as sugar, protein, and lipids are decomposed, and then the activities of lignin decomposing bacteria and fibrin degrading bacteria start at medium temperature. When fermentation begins, microorganisms decompose organic matter and generate heat, and the temperature in the compost rises rapidly. Microorganisms decompose cellulose combined with lignin and hemicellulose. Only a few things are involved so oxygen is needed the most. The baroque method is a system for supplying insufficient oxygen, and is a technique commonly used in the art to supply oxygen from the bottom to the top of the mixture by operating an air circulation pump at the bottom of the fermentation chamber.

다음, 관수공정은 높은 온도로 인한 증기의 증발에 따른 수분부족문제를 해결하기위한 것으로서 3일마다 발효실에서 상기 혼합물을 빼내어 적절히 섞으면서 관수함으로써 수분을 공급해준다. 관수량은 혼합물의 함수량이 65%정도면 된다.Next, the watering process is to solve the problem of water shortage caused by the evaporation of the steam due to the high temperature to remove the mixture from the fermentation chamber every three days to supply water by irrigation with proper mixing. The irrigation amount needs only about 65% of the water content of the mixture.

본 발명에서 혼합된 우드칩은 혼합물내의 공극을 만들어 산소공급을 원활히 할 뿐만 아니라, 관수시 우드칩에 수분이 흡수되어 있다가 점차적으로 수분을 내놓으므로 미생물이 작용하는데 수분공급이 원활히 되고, 우드칩 자체에 미생물이 달라 붙어있어 미생물제제를 따로 사용하지 않아도 미생물의 작용을 원활히 하여 부숙화가 제대로 이루어진다.The wood chips mixed in the present invention not only facilitates oxygen supply by making voids in the mixture, but also absorbs moisture in the wood chips during watering, and gradually releases water, so that the microorganisms act smoothly. Because microorganisms are attached to themselves, microorganisms do not need to be used separately, and microorganisms work well to achieve proper maturation.

다음, 3차 발효공정은 2차 발효공정을 거친 계분, 톱밥, 우드칩 혼합물을 후숙실에서 6개월 이상 발효시키는 공정으로써, 2차 발효공정 후기 셀룰로오스ㆍ헤미셀룰로오스의 분해가 끝나면 퇴비의 온도가 서서히 하락하게 되며, 이는 분해되기 어려운 리그닌 일부와 섬유소가 호열성이며 호기성균의 작용으로 분해가 되어졌다는 것이다. 3차 발효공정은 고온에서 분해되지 않은 잔여 리그닌의 분해를 위하여 낮은 온도에서 많은 미생물의 작용을 받다 진행된다. 톱밥의 경우 연질의 속성수(速成樹 : 나무의 높이가 빨리 자라는 수종)를 사용하여 1차 발효공정시 높은 온도에서 연화작용 과정을 거친다하더라도 리그닌 등은 거의 분해가 되지 않기에 낮은 온도에서 많은 미생물에 의해 3차 발효를 통해서 부숙화를 완전하게 하여야 한다.Next, the 3rd fermentation process is a process of fermenting the mixture of flour, sawdust, and wood chips after the 2nd fermentation process for 6 months or more in the boarding room. After the decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose in the late fermentation process, the temperature of the compost is gradually decreased This means that some of the lignin and fibrin, which are difficult to degrade, are thermophilic and degraded by the action of aerobic bacteria. The tertiary fermentation process is carried out under the action of many microorganisms at low temperatures for the decomposition of residual lignin, which is not decomposed at high temperatures. In the case of sawdust, even though it is softened at high temperature in the first fermentation process using soft, fast-growing water, lignin is hardly decomposed. The tertiary fermentation should be completed by tertiary fermentation.

다음, 3차 발효공정을 거친 혼합물에서 우드칩을 걸러내는 선별공정은 혼합물내에 공극을 만들어 산소공급을 원활히 하고 우드칩 자체의 보수력과 미생물 부착을 이용하여 부숙시키는데 사용한 우드칩을 재활용하고, 순수 퇴비만을 제품화하기 위한 공정이다. 계분, 톱밥과 우드칩의 부숙화된 혼합물이 선별기를 통과하면 순수 퇴비는 체에 걸러져 나온다. 선별기는 부산물비료 또는 퇴비의 제조에 사용되는 것들 중에서 적절한 것을 선택할 수 있다. 일반적으로 사용되는 선별기는 10mm, 8mm, 6mm 체가 단계적으로 적절한 층간격을 두고 짜여져 있어 혼합물이 선별기를 통과하면 우드칩과 이물질이 걸러지고 순수 퇴비만 나오게 된다.Next, the screening process that filters the wood chips from the mixture after the third fermentation process creates voids in the mixture to facilitate oxygen supply, recycles the wood chips used for maturation by using the water retaining power and microbial attachment of the wood chips, and composts pure water. It is a process to commercialize bay. Pure compost is filtered through sieves when a mature mixture of poultry meal, sawdust and wood chips passes through the sorter. The sorter may be selected from among those used for the production of by-product fertilizers or compost. Commonly used sorter is composed of 10mm, 8mm and 6mm sieves with appropriate layer spacing step by step so that when the mixture passes through the sorter, wood chips and foreign substances are filtered out and only pure compost comes out.

다음은, 선별공정을 거친 퇴비에 고추 역병균 및 탄저균의 저항성 균주를 대량 배양하여 희석시켜 관수함으로써 첨가시키고 제올라이트 등으로 규격화하는 균주첨가 및 표준화 공정이다. 고추 역병균 및 탄저병균의 저항성균주로는 바실러스 서브틸리스(Bacillus subtilis) KCCM12151 및 KCCM12281을 한국미생물보존센터(서울시 서대문구 홍제1동 361-221번지, 전화 02-3912-0950)로부터 분양 받아 사용하였고 적정배지를 제조한 후 대량배양하였다. KCCM12151은 NUTRIENT AGAR배지, KCCM12281은 EMMON' S MODIFICATION OF SABOVRAUD' S AGAR배지에서 배양시키는데, 20ℓ배양기에, 배양온도는 28℃, 공기주입량은 10L/min이다. 이를 200배 정도로 희석하여 퇴비에 관수하는 방법으로 첨가시킨다. 첨가량은 혼합물이 축축하게 젖을 정도이면 충분하다. 상기 배지의 조성은 [표 1] 및 [표 2]와 같다.The following is a strain addition and standardization step of adding the cultivated resistant strains of pepper blight and anthrax to the compost that has undergone the screening process in a large amount, diluting and irrigation, and standardizing it with zeolite. Bacillus subtilis KCCM12151 and KCCM12281 were distributed from Korea Microbiological Conservation Center (361-221, Hongje 1-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 02-2912-0950). After the titration medium was prepared and incubated in bulk. KCCM12151 was incubated in NUTRIENT AGAR medium and KCCM12281 in EMMON 'S MODIFICATION OF SABOVRAUD' S AGAR medium. In a 20L incubator, the culture temperature was 28 ° C and the air injection was 10L / min. Dilute it to about 200 times and add it to water by composting. The amount of addition is sufficient if the mixture is wet enough to be wet. The composition of the medium is shown in [Table 1] and [Table 2].

[표 1]TABLE 1

[표 2]TABLE 2

이어서 규격화과정으로서 제올라이트 중 양이온치환용량(C.E.C)이 70me이상인 것을 상기 미생물배양액이 살포된 퇴비의 9 ∼ 11중량% 정도로 첨가하여 부산물 비료를 완성시킨다. 여기서 제올라이트는 토양개량의 효과뿐만 아니라 비료혼합,미생물흡착 등의 기능을 가진다.Subsequently, as a standardization process, a cation substitution capacity (C.E.C) of zeolite is 70 me or more is added to about 9-11% by weight of the compost sprayed with the microorganism culture medium to complete the byproduct fertilizer. Here, zeolite has a function of fertilizer mixing, microbial adsorption, as well as the effect of soil improvement.

[시용례][Application Example]

제조된 부산물비료의 효과를 알기 위하여 시험재배를 하였다. 경북 청도군 청도읍 송읍리 농가(고추 연작지 이고, 전년도 역병 및 탄저병 발생지)에서 실시하였는데, 노지 재배를 하였고 무처리구와 처리구를 각각 60㎡(4m×15m)면적으로 5반복되게 무작위로 배치하여 이식 2주 전에 제조된 부산물비료를 처리구에 210kg(기준치 3000∼3500kg/1000㎡) 시용하였다. 그리고 이식 전날 경운기로 깊이갈이를 하였고, 고추유묘(종묘회사 흥농의 '마니따' 품종)를 육묘공장으로부터 준비하였다. 2줄 이랑재배를 위해 이랑 넓이 140 ∼ 150cm, 이랑 높이는 30cm로 하고, 고온기 지온상승과 잡초발생 억제를 위하여 0.02 ∼ 0.03mm 흑색비닐로 멀칭하였다. 그리고 비와 바람의 피해를 막기 위해 길이 120cm의 대나무 지주를 꽂고 유인줄로 고추대를 잡아 매었고, 이식 거리는 75×45cm로 하였다.Test cultivation was conducted to know the effect of the by-product fertilizer. It was carried out at a farm house in Songeup-ri, Cheongdo-eup, Cheongdo-gun, Gyeongbuk, Korea, and it was grown in open field and randomly placed in an untreated and treated area of 5m2 (4m × 15m) each, 2 weeks before transplantation. By-product fertilizer was used 210kg (base value 3000 ~ 3500kg / 1000㎡) in the treatment. The day before transplanting, they were deeply ground with a tiller, and red pepper seedlings (manita varieties of Heung Nong, a seedling company) were prepared from the seedling plant. For two-row cultivation, the ridge width was 140-150 cm, the ridge height was 30 cm, and mulching was carried out with 0.02-0.03 mm black vinyl for suppressing hot air temperature rise and weed generation. In order to prevent the rain and wind damage, a 120cm long bamboo post was inserted, and the red pepper was tied with a manned rope, and the transplant distance was 75 × 45cm.

본 시험재배결과는 [표3]과 같다. 식물체의 저항성 정도는, 뿌리의 경우 썩은 정도와 가늘고 빈약한 정도로 판단하였고, 줄기와 잎은 누르스럼하게 색이 변색되고, 시들고 무른 정도로 판단하였고, 줄기 기부의 경우 암녹색으로 변색되고, 썩은 정도로 판단하였고, 과실의 경우는 무르고 썩은 정도로 저항력을 판단하였다.The test cultivation results are shown in [Table 3]. The resistance of the plant was judged as rotten and thin and poor at the root, and the stem and leaves were judged to be yellowish, discolored and soft, and the base of the stem was dark green and rotten. In case of fruit, fruit was judged to be soft and rotten.

[표3]에 나타난 바와 같이 본 발명 부산물비료가 시용된 경지에서 고추의 뿌리, 줄기기부, 줄기, 잎 등에 고추역병 및 고추탄저병 피해가 현저하게 감소하였음을 확인할 수 있었다.As shown in Table 3, it was confirmed that the damage of pepper blight and pepper anthrax was significantly reduced in the roots, stem donations, stems, and leaves of red pepper in the field where the by-product fertilizer of the present invention was applied.

[표3] 포장시험 결과 고추 역병균 및 탄저병균에 대한 저항성 검정[Table 3] Results of field test against red pepper bacterium and anthrax

위에서 본 발명의 전체 과정에 대한 구체적 실시예는 제시하지 아니하였다. 당업자라면 상기 상세한 설명으로부터 본 발명을 용이하게 실시할 수 있는 것으로 보이기 때문이다. 또한 본 발명이 기술적 범위는 위에 제시된 상세한 기술내용에 국한되지 아니함은 당연한 것으로서, 당업자가 용이하게 변경할 수 있는 범위 내의 기술이라면 본 발명의 권리 범위에 속한다.Specific embodiments of the entire process of the present invention are not presented above. It is because those skilled in the art will be able to easily implement the present invention from the above detailed description. In addition, it is a matter of course that the present invention is not limited to the technical details set forth above, as long as the technology within the range that can be easily changed by those skilled in the art belongs to the scope of the present invention.

이상에서 상술한 바와 같이 본 발명은, 퇴비화의 여러 공정을 거치고 우드칩발효공법을 사용함으로써 혼합물 내의 공극에 의한 왕성한 호기성균의 활동으로 완숙퇴비를 생산하여 퇴비 본래의 목적에 맞게 토양 내의 작물의 양분 공급효과를 높였을 뿐 아니라 토양의 이화학성을 개선효과를 높이고, 특히 고추 역병균 및 탄저병균에 저항성을 나타내는 균주를 첨가함으로써 경작지 토양의 미생물상을 개선하여 토양의 고추 병해 저항성을 커지게 하는 토양의 미생물학적 개량효과가 있다.As described above, the present invention, through the various processes of composting and using the wood chip fermentation method to produce mature compost by the activity of vigorous aerobic bacteria by the voids in the mixture to nutrient the crop in the soil to meet the original purpose In addition to increasing the feeding effect, the soil physicochemical properties are improved, and in particular, by adding strains that are resistant to pepper germ and anthrax, the microbial phase of the soil in arable land is improved to increase the pepper disease resistance of the soil. It has a microbiological improvement effect.

농업경영상의 효과로는 본 발명으로 제조된 퇴비를 시용하면 약제 처리를 하여 직접적으로 균의 발생을 억제시키고 사멸시키는 농법을 탈피하여 고추재배시 농약 사용량 및 방제노력을 줄이고 고추의 생육상태를 근원적으로 개선함으로써 신선채소 내지는 건강채소 생산에 한 걸음 더 다가설 수 있을 것이다.In terms of agricultural management, the compost prepared in accordance with the present invention is applied to the pharmaceutical treatment to directly control the generation of bacteria and to suppress the killing, and to avoid the use of pesticides and control efforts during the red pepper cultivation and fundamentally improve the growth state of pepper By improving, they will be one step closer to producing fresh or healthy vegetables.

Claims (2)

부산물 비료를 제조함에 있어, 계분 100중량부당 톱밥 65∼75중량부, 우드칩 25∼35를 혼합하는 혼합공정과; 혼합공정에 의해 혼합된 계분을 야적하여 분해되기 쉬운 단백질ㆍ아미노산ㆍ당질ㆍ전분 등을 분해시키는 1차 발효 공정과; 1차 발효공정을 거친 혼합된 계분을 바로크공법 발효실에서 70∼75℃ 온도에서 15일간 발효시키는 2차 발효공정과; 2차 발효시 3일간격으로 관수하여 발효시 증발되는 증기로 인한 수분부족을 해결하기 위한 관수공정과; 2차 발효공정을 거친 계분, 톱밥, 우드칩 혼합물을 후숙실에서 6개월 이상 발효시키는 3차 발효공정과; 3차 발효공정을 거친 혼합물에서 우드칩을 걸러내는 선별공정과; 선별공정을 거친 퇴비에 고추 역병균 및 탄저균의 저항성 균주를 대량 배양하여 첨가하고 제올라이트 등으로 규격화하는 미생물 첨가 및 표준화공정으로 이루어짐을 특징으로 하는 우드칩 발효공법과 미생물을 이용한 부산물비료(퇴비)의 제조방법.In the manufacture of the by-product fertilizer, the mixing step of mixing 65 to 75 parts by weight of sawdust and 25 to 35 parts by wood chips per 100 parts by weight of the system; A primary fermentation step of decomposing proteins, amino acids, sugars, starches and the like which are easily decomposed by depositing the mixed meals by the mixing step; A secondary fermentation step of fermenting the mixed system powder having undergone the first fermentation step at a temperature of 70 to 75 ° C. in a baroque fermentation chamber for 15 days; Watering process to solve the lack of water due to steam evaporated during fermentation by irrigation at the 3rd interval during the second fermentation; A third fermentation process for fermenting the mixture of chicken flour, sawdust, and wood chips, which has undergone the secondary fermentation process, in a ripening room for at least 6 months; A sorting process of filtering wood chips from the mixture which has undergone the third fermentation process; The wood chip fermentation method and the by-product fertilizer (compost) using microorganisms are characterized in that it consists of a microorganism addition and standardization process to add a large amount of resistant strains of pepper blight and anthrax to the compost after the selection process and standardize it with zeolite. Manufacturing method. 상기 제1항의 방법으로 제조된 우드칩 발효공법과 미생물을 이용한 부산물비료(퇴비).By-product fertilizer (compost) using the wood chip fermentation method and microorganism prepared by the method of claim 1.
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CN101585724B (en) * 2009-06-24 2012-04-18 龙小西 Prepartion method of plant fertilizer
CN102898194A (en) * 2012-09-08 2013-01-30 宿州天雨养殖(集团)有限公司 Processing method for fermented chicken manure organic fertilizer and fermented chicken manure organic fertilizer prepared by using same
KR101535430B1 (en) * 2013-12-16 2015-07-09 주식회사 신재생에너지 Mushroom Compost Medium Manufacturing Method Using Livestock Manure And Mushroom Cultivation Method Using Mushroom Compost Medium Produced by Livestock Manure
WO2018128335A1 (en) 2017-01-04 2018-07-12 주식회사 동서산업 Method for preparing wood chip-type organic composite fertilizer

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JPH08143387A (en) * 1994-11-16 1996-06-04 Nitto Boseki Co Ltd Production of fermentated fertilizer
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KR20060086574A (en) * 2005-01-27 2006-08-01 신지식한국농업 영농조합법인 Means to manure made to measure using environment-friendly material
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CN102898194A (en) * 2012-09-08 2013-01-30 宿州天雨养殖(集团)有限公司 Processing method for fermented chicken manure organic fertilizer and fermented chicken manure organic fertilizer prepared by using same
KR101535430B1 (en) * 2013-12-16 2015-07-09 주식회사 신재생에너지 Mushroom Compost Medium Manufacturing Method Using Livestock Manure And Mushroom Cultivation Method Using Mushroom Compost Medium Produced by Livestock Manure
WO2018128335A1 (en) 2017-01-04 2018-07-12 주식회사 동서산업 Method for preparing wood chip-type organic composite fertilizer
US11370720B2 (en) 2017-01-04 2022-06-28 Dongsuh Co., Ltd. Method of preparing wood chip-type mixed organic composite fertilizer

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