KR102193095B1 - Up-cycle circulation farming using surplus agricultural products and processed by-products - Google Patents
Up-cycle circulation farming using surplus agricultural products and processed by-products Download PDFInfo
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- KR102193095B1 KR102193095B1 KR1020200091856A KR20200091856A KR102193095B1 KR 102193095 B1 KR102193095 B1 KR 102193095B1 KR 1020200091856 A KR1020200091856 A KR 1020200091856A KR 20200091856 A KR20200091856 A KR 20200091856A KR 102193095 B1 KR102193095 B1 KR 102193095B1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/05—Treatments involving invertebrates, e.g. worms, flies or maggots
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 유통 및 가공 판매 단계에서 발생하는 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 수거하고 상기 수거한 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 이용하여 밀웜과 밀웜성충을 사육한다.The present invention collects surplus agricultural products and processed by-products generated in distribution and processing and sales stages, and breeds mealworms and adult mealworms using the collected surplus agricultural products and processed by-products.
상기 사육 시 사용되는 사육통은 적층구조를 이루며, 밀웜과 밀웜성충 사육 시 발생하는 열을 재활용하여 엽경채류를 키운다.The breeding bins used for breeding have a stacked structure and recycle heat generated during breeding of mealworms and adult mealworms to grow leaf crops.
또한, 사육된 밀웜 및 밀웜성충을 이용하여 상기 유통 및 가공판매과정에서 발생하는 스티로폼을 분해하고 상기 스티로폼을 분해한 밀웜의 부산물을 이용 작물성장비료를 생성하고 상기 밀웜과 밀웜성충으로부터 오일(Oil)과 키토산을 추출한다. In addition, the styrofoam generated during the distribution and processing and sales process is decomposed using the bred mealworms and adult mealworms, and the by-products of the mealworms that have decomposed the styrofoam are used to generate crop equipment, and oil from the mealworms and adult mealworms. And chitosan are extracted.
상기 밀웜과 밀웜성충으로부터 추출한 오일(Oil)과 키토산을 이용하여 농산물을 생산하고 남은 단백질과 지질을 가축의 사료로 사용한다.Agricultural products are produced using oil and chitosan extracted from the mealworms and adult mealworms, and the remaining proteins and lipids are used as feed for livestock.
상기 제시된 일련의 과정을 반복 수행함으로 뛰어난 경제성과 환경 보호 효과를 갖는 잉여농산물 및 가공 부산물을 이용한 업사이클 순환농법에 관한 것이다.It relates to an upcycle recycling method using surplus agricultural products and processing by-products having excellent economic and environmental protection effects by repeatedly performing the series of processes presented above.
일반적으로 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물이 발생하게 되고, 이와 같은 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물은 농가의 손실로 이어진다. 이와 같은 손실을 최소화하기 위하여, 상기 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 처리함으로써, 지역 농산물 생산 및 상품 경쟁력 확보가 가능하다. In general, surplus agricultural products and processed by-products are generated, and such surplus agricultural products and processed by-products lead to loss of farm households. In order to minimize such losses, by processing the surplus agricultural products and processed by-products, it is possible to produce local agricultural products and secure product competitiveness.
아울러, 키토산의 육상 원재료 생산으로 불안정한 계절적 소재 공급 단점을 해소하고, 현재 농업 인프라 구조에서의 문제점인 농산물 유통과정인 공판장, 농협수매, 개인판매 및 개인가공 과정을 거치는 동안 상당량이 폐기처리 되는 문제를 해결한다. In addition, Chitosan's production of raw materials on land solves the shortcomings of unstable seasonal supply of materials, and a significant amount of disposal during the process of distribution of agricultural products, which is a problem in the current agricultural infrastructure, such as the public market, purchase of agricultural cooperatives, individual sales and individual processing. Solve.
본 발명은 상기 문제를 달성하기 위해, The present invention to achieve the above problem,
유통 및 가공 판매 단계에서 발생하는 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 수거하고 상기 수거한 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 이용하여 밀웜과 밀웜성충을 사육하고, Collect surplus agricultural products and processed by-products generated in the distribution and processing stages, and breed mealworms and adult mealworms using the collected surplus agricultural products and processed by-products,
상기 사육 시 사용되는 사육통은 적층구조를 이루며, 밀웜과 밀웜성충 사육 시 발생하는 열을 재활용하여 엽경채류를 키우고, The rearing bins used during the rearing have a stacked structure, and the heat generated during the rearing of mealworms and adult mealworms is recycled to grow leaf crops,
또한, 사육된 밀웜 및 밀웜성충을 이용하여 상기 유통 및 가공 판매 과정에서 발생하는 스티로폼을 분해하고 상기 스티로폼을 분해한 밀웜의 부산물을 이용 작물성장비료를 생성하고 상기 밀웜과 밀웜성충으로부터 오일(Oil)과 키토산을 추출하고, In addition, the styrofoam generated in the distribution and processing and sales process is decomposed using the bred mealworms and adult mealworms, and the by-products of the mealworms that have decomposed the styrofoam are used to generate crop equipment and oil from the mealworms and adult mealworms. And extract chitosan,
상기 밀웜과 밀웜성충으로부터 추출한 오일(Oil)과 키토산을 이용하여 농산물을 생산하고 남은 단백질과 지질을 가축의 사료로 사용하여, Produce agricultural products using oil and chitosan extracted from the mealworms and adult mealworms, and use the remaining proteins and lipids as feed for livestock,
상기 제시된 일련의 과정을 반복 수행함으로 뛰어난 경제성과 환경보호 효과를 갖는 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 이용한 업사이클 순환농법을 제공하는 것을 발명의 목적으로 한다. It is an object of the present invention to provide an upcycle circulating farming method using surplus agricultural products and processed by-products having excellent economic and environmental protection effects by repeatedly performing the series of processes presented above.
본 발명은 상기 문제를 해결하기 위해, The present invention to solve the above problem,
유통 및 가공 판매 단계에서 발생하는 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 수거하는 단계(S10)와,A step (S10) of collecting surplus agricultural products and processed by-products generated in the distribution and processing sales stages, and
상기 수거한 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 이용하여 밀웜과 밀웜성충을 사육하는 단계(S20)와,Breeding mealworms and adult mealworms using the collected surplus agricultural products and processed by-products (S20),
상기 사육된 밀웜을 이용하여 유통 및 가공판매에서 발생되는 스티로폼을 분해하는 단계(S30)와,Decomposing the styrofoam generated in distribution and processing sales using the bred mealworm (S30),
상기 스티로폼을 분해한 밀웜의 부산물을 모아 작물성장비료를 생성하는 단계(S40)와,A step (S40) of generating crop equipment fees by collecting the by-products of the mealworm from which the styrofoam is decomposed,
상기 밀웜과 밀웜성충로부터 오일(Oil)과 정제된 키토산을 추출하는 단계(S50)와,Extracting oil and purified chitosan from the mealworm and adult mealworm (S50),
상기 밀웜과 밀웜성충로부터 추출한 오일(Oil)과 정제된 키토산을 이용하여 농산물을 생산하는 단계(S60)와,Producing agricultural products using oil extracted from the mealworm and adult mealworms and purified chitosan (S60),
상기 오일(Oil)과 키토산이 추출되고 남은 지질과 단백질을 가축의 사료로 사용하는 단계(S70)와,The step of using the lipid and protein remaining after the oil and chitosan are extracted as feed for livestock (S70),
상기 S10 내지 S70 단계를 반복적으로 수행하는 단계(S80)를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 이용한 업사이클 순환농법을 제공한다. It provides an upcycle circulating farming method using surplus agricultural products and processed by-products, characterized in that it includes a step (S80) of repeatedly performing steps S10 to S70.
본 발명에 따른 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 이용한 업사이클 순환농법은 농업인으로 현재의 생산 및 유통구조에서의 문제점을 인프라 구조개선을 통해 지속 가능한 선순환 농업에 필요한 기술 개발을 통한 인프라 개선으로 안정적이며 경쟁력 갖춘 농업을 위한 친환경 순환농업을 제공함으로 뛰어난 경제성과 환경개선 효과를 동시에 갖출 수 있다.The upcycle circular farming method using surplus agricultural products and processed by-products according to the present invention is stable and competitive by improving the infrastructure through the development of technologies necessary for sustainable virtuous cycle agriculture through the improvement of the infrastructure structure. By providing eco-friendly circular agriculture for agriculture, it is possible to have excellent economic and environmental improvement effects at the same time.
도 1은 본 발명의 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 이용한 업사이클 순환농법에 따른 전체 순환도.
도 2는 본 발명의 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 이용한 업사이클 순환농법에 따른 사육통 구성도.1 is an overall circulation diagram according to the upcycle circulating farming method using surplus agricultural products and processed by-products of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a configuration diagram of the rearing container according to the upcycle circulating farming method using surplus agricultural products and processed by-products of the present invention.
이하, 본 발명에 따른 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 이용한 업사이클 순환농법에 대해 도면과 함께 구체적으로 살펴보도록 한다.Hereinafter, an upcycle cyclic farming method using surplus agricultural products and processed by-products according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
유통 및 가공판매 단계에서 발생하는 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 수거하는 단계(S10)와,A step (S10) of collecting surplus agricultural products and processed by-products generated in the distribution and processing and sales stages, and
상기 수거한 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 이용하여 밀웜과 밀웜성충을 사육하는 단계(S20)와,Breeding mealworms and adult mealworms using the collected surplus agricultural products and processed by-products (S20),
상기 사육된 밀웜을 이용하여 유통 및 가공판매에서 발생되는 스티로폼을 분해하는 단계(S30)와,Decomposing the styrofoam generated in distribution and processing sales using the bred mealworm (S30),
상기 스티로폼을 분해한 밀웜의 부산물을 모아 작물성장비료를 생성하는 단계(S40)와,A step (S40) of generating crop equipment fees by collecting the by-products of the mealworm from which the styrofoam is decomposed,
상기 밀웜과 밀웜성충로부터 오일(Oil)과 정제된 키토산을 추출하는 단계(S50)와,Extracting oil and purified chitosan from the mealworm and adult mealworm (S50),
상기 밀웜과 밀웜성충로부터 추출한 오일(Oil)과 정제된 키토산을 이용하여 농산물을 생산하는 단계(S60)와,Producing agricultural products using oil extracted from the mealworm and adult mealworms and purified chitosan (S60),
상기 오일(oil)과 키토산이 추출되고 남은 지질과 단백질을 가축의 사료로 사용하는 단계(S70)와,Using the lipid and protein remaining after the oil and chitosan are extracted as feed for livestock (S70),
상기 S10 내지 S70 단계를 반복적으로 수행하는 단계(S80)를 포함한다. It includes a step (S80) of repeatedly performing the steps S10 to S70.
상기 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 이용한 업사이클 순환농법의 각 단계별 기술 구성에 대해 구체적으로 살펴보도록 한다.The technical configuration of each step of the upcycle cyclic farming method using the surplus agricultural products and processed by-products will be described in detail.
설명에 앞서 밀웜과 밀웜성충에 대해 알아보도록 한다.Before explaining, let's take a look at mealworms and adult mealworms.
[밀웜] [Millworm]
밀웜은 갈색거저리(Tenebrio molitor)의 애벌레인 밀웜(Mealwarm)으로 새나 애완동물의 먹이로 사용되어 왔으나, 최근에는 밀웜이 건강식에 이용되고 있다.The mealworm is Mealwarm, a larva of the brown mealworm (Tenebrio molitor), and has been used as food for birds and pets, but in recent years, mealworms are used in health food.
밀웜은 대두에 비해 필수 아미노산이 더 많고, 육류에 비해서 불포화지방산 함량이 더 높으며, 키틴질로 대표되는 식이섬유를 많이 함유하고 있어 영양적으로 우수한 식품이다.Mealworm is a nutritionally superior food because it contains more essential amino acids than soybeans, a higher content of unsaturated fatty acids than meat, and contains a lot of dietary fiber represented by chitin.
상기 밀웜은 수분이 2.9%, 조단백질 50.3%, 조지방 33.8%, 탄수화물 9%, 조회분 4%, 조섬유 5%가 함유되어 있어, 고단백 식품으로 가치가 있다.The mealworm contains 2.9% moisture, 50.3% crude protein, 33.8% crude fat, 9% carbohydrate, 4% crude ash, and 5% crude fiber, so it is valuable as a high protein food.
[밀웜성충][Adult mealworm]
갈색거저리라고도 한다. 몸길이 약 15 mm이다. 몸빛깔이 구룡충(구룡거저리)과 비슷해 어두운 갈색이며 광택이 난다. 머리에 점들이 있으나 촘촘히 나 있지 않다. 더듬이(촉각)의 끝마디와 길이는 나비가 유사하다. 앞가슴과 등판은 정사각형이고, 뒷 가두리의 새로 홈은 뚜렷하다. 복판은 너비가 넓은 오각형이다. 딱지날개는 갈색으로 8줄의 새로 홈이 있고 간실은 볼록하며 작은 점들이 촘촘히 있다. Also known as a brown goosebumps. It is about 15 mm long. The color of the body is similar to that of the Kowloon insect, so it is dark brown and glossy. There are spots on the head, but not densely. The length of the antennae (touch) is similar to that of a butterfly. The pronotum and back are square, and the new groove on the rear edge is clear. The middle plate is pentagonal with a wide width. The elytra is brown and has 8 rows of new grooves, the trunk chamber is convex, and there are densely small dots.
성충은 주로 곡류 속에 알을 낳는다. 알은 매우 작아 눈으로 쉽게 찾을 수 없으며 1 ~ 2주일 후 부화한다. 유충은 밀웜(Mealworm)이라 한다.Adults mainly lay eggs in cereals. The eggs are very small and cannot be easily found by the eyes and hatch after 1 to 2 weeks. Larvae are called mealworms.
[유통 및 가공 판매 단계에서 발생하는 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 수거하는 단계(S10)][Step of collecting surplus agricultural products and processed by-products occurring in the distribution and processing sales stage (S10)]
유통 및 가공 판매 단계에서 발생하는 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 수거하는 단계로서, As a step of collecting surplus agricultural products and processed by-products generated in the distribution and processing and sales stages,
농산물 생산 및 가공과정에서 발생하는 잉여, 비품을 수거하고, 건조한 후 분쇄 한다.The surplus and supplies generated in the production and processing of agricultural products are collected, dried, and pulverized.
상기 발생하는 잉여농산물은 대표적으로 쌀, 밀가루, 옥수수, 콩, 배추 등이 있다. The resulting surplus agricultural products are typically rice, wheat flour, corn, soybeans, and Chinese cabbage.
상기 가공부산물은 껍질, 씨, 부스러기 예를 들면 오렌지 껍질, 자두의 씨, 감자 껍질 등이 있다. The processed by-products include peels, seeds, and crumbs such as orange peel, plum seeds, and potato peel.
[상기 수거한 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 이용하여 밀웜과 밀웜성충을 사육하는 단계(S20)][Step of rearing mealworms and adult mealworms using the collected surplus agricultural products and processed by-products (S20)]
상기 수거한 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 이용하여 밀웜과 밀웜성충을 사육하는 단계이다. This is a step of breeding mealworms and adult mealworms using the collected surplus agricultural products and processed by-products.
상기 S1O 단계에서 발생하는 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 수거하여 건조한 후 분쇄하여 밀웜과 밀웜성충의 먹이로 사용한다. The excess agricultural products and processed by-products generated in the S10 step are collected, dried, and pulverized to be used as food for mealworms and adult mealworms.
상기 잉여농산물과 가공부산물을 섭취한 밀웜과 밀웜성충은 식이섬유, 비타민, 각종 영양분을 먹게 됨으로써, 각종 영양성분을 통해 건강하게 성장하여 더욱 활발한 번식 활동을 할 수 있다. Mealworms and adult mealworms, which ingest the excess agricultural products and processed by-products, eat dietary fiber, vitamins, and various nutrients, so that they can grow healthy through various nutrients and perform more active breeding activities.
상기 제시된 바와 같이 활발한 번식 활동은 밀웜의 양이 증가됨을 뜻한다. 이로써, 오일(Oil)과 키토산을 더욱 많이 추출할 수 있다. As suggested above, active reproductive activity means that the amount of mealworms is increased. Thereby, more oil and chitosan can be extracted.
또한, 밀웜은 섭취량이 뛰어나며 잉여농산물과 가공부산물을 단시간에 처리할 수 있는 효과를 갖는다.In addition, mealworms are excellent in intake and have the effect of treating excess agricultural products and processed by-products in a short time.
상기 밀웜이 성충이 되어 알을 낳고 부하하여 밀웜이 태어나는 번식활동을 반복한다.The mealworm becomes an adult, lays eggs, loads, and repeats the reproductive activity in which the mealworm is born.
아울러, 상기 밀웜과 밀웜성충을 구분하여 보관하는 것이 바람직하다.In addition, it is preferable to store the mealworm and adult mealworm separately.
도2에 도시된 바와 같이, 상기 밀웜을 사육할때의 사육통(10)은 적층구조를 이루고, 사육통 내부는 25 ~ 28℃의 열을 유지하도록 온도 조절이 가능한 온도조절 장치를 설치한다. As shown in FIG. 2, when breeding the mealworm, the breeding
또한, 1층은 밀웜을 사육하고 2층은 밀웜성충을 사육하여 사육 시 사용되는 열을 재활용해 3층에 엽경채류를 키운다. In addition, the first floor raises mealworms and the second floor raises adult mealworms, recycling the heat used during breeding, and growing leafy vegetables on the third floor.
또한, 사육통(10) 일층에는 열순환통로(11)가 형성되고, 상기 열순환통로(11)는 1층에서 3층과 2층에서 3층으로 한쌍이 형성되어, 1층과 2층에서 발생하는 열을 3층으로 열순환통로(11)를 통해 공급함으로 사육 시 버려지는 열을 재활용해 엽경채류를 키울 수 있어 경제성을 높이는 결과를 갖는다. In addition, a
또한, 1층과 2층 측면 일측에는 각각 한개의 숨구멍(12)을 포함하고, 상기 3층의 엽경채류를 키우는 사육통은 햇빛이 관통할 수 있도록 유리 또는 비닐을 이용하여 제작하는 것이 바람직하다. In addition, one side of the first and second floors each includes one
상기 숨구멍(12)을 통해 밀웜의 폐사를 방지할 수 있다. Death of the mealworm may be prevented through the
[상기 사육된 밀웜을 이용하여 농작물 판매과정에서 생성된 스티로폼을 분해하는 단계(S30)][Step of decomposing the styrofoam generated in the process of selling crops using the bred mealworms (S30)]
일부의 밀웜을 골라 스티로폼이 들어있는 폐기처리통에 넣고 농산물 판매과정에서 생성되는 스티로폼 즉 발포폴리스티렌의 플라스틱 소재를 밀웜을 이용하여 분해한다. Some of the mealworms are selected and placed in a waste disposal container containing styrofoam, and the plastic material of styrofoam, that is, expanded polystyrene produced in the process of selling agricultural products, is decomposed using mealworms.
상기 밀웜 뱃속에는 강력한 박테리아가 형성되어 있어, 이를 통해 플라스틱을 분해함과 동시에 생장활동을 한다.Strong bacteria are formed in the stomach of the mealworm, thereby decomposing plastics and simultaneously growing.
상기 밀웜은 스티로폼을 섭취하며 생장 활동 시 이산화탄소(50%)와 부산물(50%)를 배출한다. The mealworm ingests styrofoam and discharges carbon dioxide (50%) and by-products (50%) during growth activities.
[상기 스티로폼을 분해한 밀웜의 부산물을 모아 작물성장비료를 생성하는 단계(S40)][Step of generating crop equipment fees by collecting the by-products of the mealworm decomposing the styrofoam (S40)]
상기 스티로폼을 분해한 밀웜의 부산물을 모아 작물성장비료를 생성한다. By-products of the mealworm decomposed from the styrofoam are collected to generate crop equipment.
본 발명에 따른 더욱 구체적인 시험의 예를 살펴보도록 한다. Let us look at an example of a more specific test according to the present invention.
상기 밀웜 200마리를 태어났을 때부터 1달 동안 지속적으로 51.2 ~ 61.7 mg 의 발포폴리스티렌을 섭취하도록 하였다. The 200 mealworms were continuously ingested 51.2-61.7 mg of expanded polystyrene for 1 month from birth.
상기 밀웜이 발포폴리스티렌을 섭취한 후 24시간이 지나자 밀웜은 발포폴리스티렌의 49.7%를 이산화탄소로 전환했고, 나머지는 작물성장비료로 사용할 수 있는 부산물로 배출했다. 24 hours after the mealworm ingested the expanded polystyrene, the mealworm converted 49.7% of the expanded polystyrene into carbon dioxide, and the remainder was discharged as a by-product that can be used as crop equipment.
또한, 1달 후 발포폴리스티렌을 먹고 자란 밀웜들과 사료를 섭취한 밀웜들의 비교결과 건강상태는 동일했다. In addition, as a result of comparison between mealworms that grew up eating expanded polystyrene and those fed mealworms one month later, the health status was the same.
이로써, 스티로폼 분해하여 환경문제를 개선하고 작물성장비료를 생성할 수 있다. Thereby, it is possible to improve environmental problems by decomposing styrofoam and generate crop-related equipment charges.
[상기 밀웜과 밀웜성충으로 부터 Oil과 정제된 키토산을 추출하는 단계(S50)] [ Step of extracting oil and purified chitosan from the mealworm and adult mealworm (S50)]
상기 사육한 밀웜과 밀웜성충으로부터 밀웜 오일(Oil) 및 키틴, 키토산을 추출하는 단계이다.This is a step of extracting mealworm oil, chitin, and chitosan from the bred mealworms and adult mealworms.
상기 오일(Oil)은 밀웜을 압착하여 추출된 오일(Oil)이다.The oil is oil extracted by compressing mealworms.
상기 키틴 및 키토산은 상기 밀웜과 밀웜성충으로 부터 추출한다.The chitin and chitosan are extracted from the mealworm and adult mealworm.
또한, 상기 키토산의 경우 순도를 높이기 위해 탈아세틸화 과정과 증류수 세척과정을 반복한다.In addition, in the case of chitosan, the deacetylation process and the distilled water washing process are repeated to increase the purity.
상기 밀웜을 압착하여 만들어진 오일(Oil)은 기존의 식용유와 관능이 유사하다. Oil made by compressing the mealworm has a similar sensory function to conventional cooking oil.
오일(Oil)이 추출된 밀웜 또는 밀웜성충의 페놀류 및 무기염을 제거하고, 증류수 세척 후 단백질 및 지질을 제거하여 뮐웜 또는 밀웜성충의 표피로부터 키틴을 얻는다. The phenols and inorganic salts of the mealworm or adult mealworm from which oil was extracted are removed, and proteins and lipids are removed after washing with distilled water to obtain chitin from the epidermis of the mulworm or adult mealworm.
상기 밀업의 표피를 제거하고 잔여된 단백질과 지질은 가축의 사료로 사용된다. After removing the epidermis of the wheat-up, the remaining protein and lipid are used as feed for livestock.
또한, 상기 뮐웜 또는 밀웜성충의 표피로부터 얻은 키틴을 90℃ 이상에서 40% 이상의 NaOH로 탈아세틸화 과정과 증류수 세척과정을 반복수행하여 키토산을 얻는다.In addition, chitin obtained from the epidermis of the mulworm or adult mealworm is repeatedly deacetylated with 40% or more NaOH and washed with distilled water at 90°C or higher to obtain chitosan.
상기 NaOH로 탈아세틸화 과정과 증류수 세척과정은 1 ~ 10회 반복한다 The deacetylation process with NaOH and the distilled water washing process are repeated 1 to 10 times.
또한, 상기 키토산으로부터 효소 및 화학적 분해 과정을 걸쳐 정제된 키토산을 제조한다. In addition, purified chitosan is prepared from the chitosan through enzymatic and chemical degradation.
상기 효소 및 화학적 분해 과정은 상기 키토산을 2% 아세트산에 녹여 침전함으로써 달성된다. The enzymatic and chemical decomposition process is achieved by dissolving the chitosan in 2% acetic acid and precipitating it.
이하, 상기 밀웜과 밀웜성충의 키틴과 키토산에 대해 구체적인 내용을 살펴보도록 한다. Hereinafter, detailed contents of chitin and chitosan of the mealworm and adult mealworm will be described.
키틴은 N-아세틸글루코사민의 결합으로 이루어져 있으며 셀룰로스 다음으로 자연계에 풍부하게 존재하는 다당류로, 주로 게나 새우의 껍질, 버섯이나 균류의 세포벽, 곤충의 외골격에 함유되어 있다. Chitin is a polysaccharide that is abundantly present in nature after cellulose, and is composed of a bond of N-acetylglucosamine. It is mainly contained in the shells of crabs and shrimp, the cell walls of mushrooms and fungi, and the exoskeleton of insects.
독성이 거의 없으며, 소수성 및 겔 형성 특성, 항균작용, 단백질 친화력를 가지고 있으며, 식품가공 시 효소 고정화에 쓰이는 등 활용성이 높은 물질로 알려져 있다.It has almost no toxicity, has hydrophobicity and gel-forming properties, antibacterial activity, and protein affinity, and is known as a material with high utility, such as being used for enzyme immobilization in food processing.
키틴질 함량은 분석 결과, 밀웜은 1.01 ~ 1.55% 이며, 대표적인 귀뚜라미의 경우 8.7%, 메뚜기는 건조 중량 대비 8.73%인 것에 비교하면 적은 함량이지만, 같은 유충기에 있는 누에와 벌집나방 애벌레의 함량 (15.8 mg %, 8.4 mg %)에 비하여 높았다.As a result of the analysis, the content of chitin was small compared to that for mealworms, which was 1.01 to 1.55%, 8.7% for typical crickets, and 8.73% for dry weight of grasshoppers, but the content of silkworms and honeycomb moth larvae in the same larvae (15.8 mg %, 8.4 mg%).
밀웜은, 장내 상피세포에서 분비되는 키티나아제가 유충의 외피에 함유된 키틴의 분해에 관여하며 pH 3 ~ 4 범위에서 최적 활성을 나타낸다. In mealworms, chitinase secreted from intestinal epithelial cells is involved in the decomposition of chitin contained in the outer shell of larvae, and exhibits optimal activity in the range of pH 3-4.
염장 중 키틴 함량의 감소는 키티나아제의 가수분해 작용에 의한 키틴 올리고당, 키토산 등의 저분자 물질이 생성되며, 염장 저장 중 고형분 pH 5.25 ~ 6.17의 범위에서는 효소 활성이 크지 않아 염장 저장에 따른 유의적인 감소는 보이지 않는다.The decrease in chitin content during salting generates low molecular weight substances such as chitin oligosaccharides and chitosan due to the hydrolysis of chitinase, and the enzyme activity is not large in the range of solids pH 5.25 to 6.17 during salt storage. No reduction is seen.
아울러, 키토산은 N-아세틸글루코사민과 결합으로 연결된 고분자 다당체로서 분자 내 D-글루코사민 비율이 60% 이상이며 묽은 산에 녹는 것을 총칭한다.In addition, chitosan is a polymer polysaccharide linked by a bond with N-acetylglucosamine, and the ratio of D-glucosamine in the molecule is 60% or more, and it is generically soluble in dilute acid.
체내에서 아세틸글루코사민, 글루코사민 또는 키토산 올리고당 등의 형태로 흡수된다.It is absorbed by the body in the form of acetylglucosamine, glucosamine or chitosan oligosaccharide.
식품의약품안전처에의해 설정된 일일섭취량은 1.2 ~ 4.5 g이며, 체내에서 담즙산의 생성을 촉진하여 콜레스테롤 농도를 감소시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 보고되어 있다.The daily intake set by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety is 1.2 to 4.5 g, and it is reported that it has the effect of reducing cholesterol concentration by promoting the production of bile acids in the body.
분석 결과, 키토산은 저장 초기(0일)에 2.27 ~ 2.66% 범위의 값을 가지는 것으로 나타났으며, 토하젓이 2.38%의 키토산 함량을 가진다고 보고된 결과와 유사하였다. As a result of analysis, chitosan was found to have a value in the range of 2.27 to 2.66% at the beginning of storage (day 0), and was similar to the result reported to have a chitosan content of 2.38%.
또한, 저장에 따라 증가하여, 90일에 염농도 25%, 30%, 35% 처리군은 각각 3.69±0.12%, 3.40±0.07% 및 2.74±0.03%의 키토산을 함유하는 것으로 측정되었으며, 식염 첨가량이 적을수록 키토산 함량이 높게 측정되었다. In addition, increasing with storage, the salt concentrations of 25%, 30%, and 35% treatment groups at 90 days were measured to contain 3.69±0.12%, 3.40±0.07%, and 2.74±0.03% chitosan, respectively. The smaller the amount, the higher the chitosan content was measured.
이는 갈색 거저리 유충이 가지고 있는 키티나아제에 의한 키틴의 가수분해 작용보다는 갈색거저리 유충의 중장 내에 단백질과 결합하여 존재하는 글리코사미노글리칸에서 일부 유래한 D-글루코사민 함유 유도체가 키토산과 함께 검출된 것으로 생각되며, 염 농도가 높은 경우 생체 내 효소 등에 대한 억제 작용에 의하여 식염 함량에 따른 키토산 함량이 유의적인 차이가 나타난다. This is because the D-glucosamine-containing derivative partially derived from glycosaminoglycans present in the mid-intestine of brown mealworm larvae was detected along with chitosan rather than the hydrolysis of chitin by chitinase possessed by brown mealworm larvae. It is thought that, when the salt concentration is high, there is a significant difference in the chitosan content according to the salt content due to the inhibitory action on enzymes in vivo.
[상기 밀웜에서 압착 추출한 오일(Oil)과 키토산을 이용하여 농산물을 생산하는 단계(S60)][Step of producing agricultural products using oil and chitosan compressed and extracted from the mealworm (S60)]
상기 S50단계에서 제조된 오일(Oil)과 정제된 키토산을 활용하여 농산물의 비료로 사용함으로써, 토양중의 미생물 가운데 식물에 해로운 사상균을 억제하고 식물에 유익한 방선균을 증식한다. By using the oil prepared in step S50 and purified chitosan as fertilizer for agricultural products, fungal fungi harmful to plants among microorganisms in the soil are suppressed and actinomycetes that are beneficial to plants are proliferated.
또한, 토양 중에 서식하는 상기 미생물의 균층의 균형은 생물생산에 도움을 주는 지력 유지에 중요한 역활을 하는데 이 균형이 붕괴되면 키티나제를 분비하는 토양의 유효 미생물인 사상균이 적어지고 후사리움균 또는 시로크토나아균 등 키틴과 세포벽을 갖는 토양 병원균이 이상 증식하여 연작 장해의 요인이 되고 식물의 생육장애 현상이 일어난다.In addition, the balance of the microbial layer of the microorganisms living in the soil plays an important role in maintaining the intelligence that helps the production of organisms.When this balance is disrupted, the effective microorganisms of the soil that secrete chitinase decreases, and the fungal fungi, which are the effective microorganisms of the soil, decrease. Soil pathogens having chitin and cell walls, such as ketobacteria, proliferate abnormally and become a factor of serial cultivation disorder, and plant growth disorders occur.
이에 대비해, 상기 S50단계에서 제조된 키토산을 활용하여 농산물의 비료로 사용함으로써, 후사리움균이 적어지고 방선균의 증식이 사상균보다 높게 된다. In contrast, by utilizing the chitosan prepared in step S50 and using it as a fertilizer for agricultural products, Fusarium bacteria are reduced and actinomycetes multiply more than filamentous bacteria.
또한, 상기 정제된 키토산을 뿌려주면 뿌리내림이 개선되고 흰 뿌리가 많아져, 키토산을 통해 스스로 보호능력을 높이고 키티나제 등의 효소작용으로 병원의 침입을 저지시켜 뿌리 발달을 쉽게 한다. In addition, when the purified chitosan is sprayed, rooting is improved and white roots are increased, thereby increasing self-protecting ability through chitosan and preventing the invasion of hospitals through enzymes such as chitosan to facilitate root development.
[Oil과 키토산이 추출되고 남은 지질과 단백질을 가축의 사료로 사용하는 단계(S70)][Step of using the lipid and protein remaining after oil and chitosan are extracted as feed for livestock (S70)]
밀웜에서 추출한 오일(Oil)과 키토산을 추출하는 단계 S50에서 과정에서 버려지는 단백질 및 지질을 가축 사료화 하여 경제성을 확보할 수 있다. In step S50 of extracting oil and chitosan extracted from mealworms, proteins and lipids discarded in the process can be converted into livestock feed, thereby securing economic efficiency.
상기 단백질 및 지질을 가축 사료화 하는 과정은 열풍건조 또는 동결건조 방식이 활용될 수 있고, 더욱 구체적으로는, 0 ~ (-30 ~ -40℃)에서 40 ~ 60분간 급속 동결 후, 상온 20~ 49℃, 진공도 0.1 ~ 0.5 Torr에서 동결건조한 후 분쇄한다.The process of converting the proteins and lipids into livestock feed may be performed by hot air drying or freeze drying, and more specifically, after rapid freezing for 40 to 60 minutes at 0 to (-30 to -40°C), room temperature 20 to 49 Crushed after freeze-drying at ℃, vacuum of 0.1 ~ 0.5 Torr.
[상기 S10 내지 S70 단계를 반복적으로 수행하는 단계(S80)][Step of repeatedly performing steps S10 to S70 (S80)]
도1에 제시된 바와 같이, 상기 S10 내지 S70 단계를 반복적으로 수행하는 업사이클 순환농법으로 경제성을 확보하고 환경문제를 개선할 수 있다. As shown in FIG. 1, it is possible to secure economical efficiency and improve environmental problems by repeatedly performing the steps S10 to S70.
본 발명은 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 이용하여 뮐웜과 뮐웜성충을 사육하고 상기 밀웜과 밀웜성충을 통해 유통 및 가공판매에 발생하는 스티로폼을 제거하고, 키토산, 오일(Oil), 비료 및 동물사료를 생산하는 동시에 밀웜과 밀웜성충 사육 시 발생하는 열을 재활용하여 엽경채류를 재배하면서 경제성이 뛰어난 동시에 환경문제까지 해결할 수 있어 산업상 이용 가능성이 매우 크다. The present invention breeds mulworms and adult mulworms using surplus agricultural products and processed by-products, removes styrofoam generated in distribution and processing and sales through the mealworms and adult mealworms, and produces chitosan, oil, fertilizer and animal feed. At the same time, the heat generated during the breeding of mealworms and adult mealworms is recycled to cultivate leafy vegetables, and it has excellent economic feasibility and can also solve environmental problems, which has great industrial use.
10:사육통
11:열순환통로
12:숨구멍10: yuktong
11: Thermal circulation passage
12: pore
Claims (3)
상기 수거한 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 이용하여 밀웜과 밀웜성충을 사육하는 단계(S20)와,
상기 사육된 밀웜을 이용하여 유통 및 가공판매에서 발생되는 스티로폼을 분해하는 단계(S30)와,
상기 스티로폼을 분해한 밀웜의 부산물을 모아 작물성장비료를 생성하는 단계(S40)와,
상기 밀웜과 밀웜성충로부터 오일(Oil)과 정제된 키토산을 추출하는 단계(S50)와,
상기 밀웜과 밀웜성충로부터 추출한 오일(Oil)과 정제된 키토산을 이용하여 농산물을 생산하는 단계(S60)와,
상기 오일(Oil)과 키토산이 추출되고 남은 지질과 단백질을 가축의 사료로 사용하는 단계(S70)와,
상기 S10 내지 S70 단계를 반복적으로 수행하는 단계(S80)에 있어서,
상기 오일(Oil)과 정제된 키토산은,
밀웜을 압착하여 오일(Oil)을 추출하는 단계와,
오일(Oil)이 추출된 밀웜 및 밀웜성충로부터 페놀류 및 무기염을 제거하는 단계와,
페놀류 및 무기염을 제거한 밀웜 및 밀웜성충을 증류수로 세척하는 단계와,
증류수로 세척한 밀웜 및 밀웜성충로부터 단백질 및 지질을 제거하는 단계와,
상기 단백질 및 지질을 제거한 밀웜 및 밀웜성충의 표피로부터 키틴을 제조하는 단계와,
상기 키틴을 90℃ 이상에서 40% 이상의 NaOH로 탈아세틸화 및 세척을 반복하는 단계와,
상기 탈아세틸화 및 세척 반복단계를 거쳐 키토산을 얻는 단계와,
상기 얻은 키토산으로부터 효소 및 화학적 분해하여 정제하는 단계를 거쳐 정제된 키토산 및 오일(Oil)을 얻는 것을 특징으로 하는 잉여농산물 및 가공부산물을 이용한 업사이클 순환농법.
A step (S10) of collecting surplus agricultural products and processed by-products generated in the distribution and processing sales stages, and
Breeding mealworms and adult mealworms using the collected surplus agricultural products and processed by-products (S20),
Decomposing the styrofoam generated in distribution and processing sales using the bred mealworm (S30),
A step (S40) of generating crop equipment fees by collecting the by-products of the mealworm from which the styrofoam is decomposed,
Extracting oil and purified chitosan from the mealworm and adult mealworm (S50),
Producing agricultural products using oil extracted from the mealworm and adult mealworms and purified chitosan (S60),
The step of using the lipid and protein remaining after the oil and chitosan are extracted as feed for livestock (S70),
In the step (S80) of repeatedly performing the steps S10 to S70,
The oil and refined chitosan,
Compressing the mealworm to extract oil,
Removing phenols and inorganic salts from mealworms and adult mealworms from which oil was extracted, and
Washing mealworms and adult mealworms from which phenols and inorganic salts have been removed with distilled water,
Removing proteins and lipids from mealworms and adult mealworms washed with distilled water,
Preparing chitin from the epidermis of mealworms and adult mealworms from which the proteins and lipids have been removed,
Repeating the deacetylation and washing of the chitin with 40% or more NaOH at 90° C. or more,
Obtaining chitosan through the deacetylation and washing repeating steps,
Upcycle cyclic farming method using surplus agricultural products and processed by-products, characterized in that to obtain purified chitosan and oil from the obtained chitosan by enzymatic and chemical decomposition.
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| KR102439475B1 (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-09-02 | (주)올핀 | A system and method for tracking the loction of data-based seafood feed and managing recommendations for surplus argricutural and fishery products |
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