KR101400388B1 - Phosphorescent material for Organic electroluminescent device - Google Patents

Phosphorescent material for Organic electroluminescent device Download PDF

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KR101400388B1
KR101400388B1 KR1020100107316A KR20100107316A KR101400388B1 KR 101400388 B1 KR101400388 B1 KR 101400388B1 KR 1020100107316 A KR1020100107316 A KR 1020100107316A KR 20100107316 A KR20100107316 A KR 20100107316A KR 101400388 B1 KR101400388 B1 KR 101400388B1
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compound
alkyl
aryl
nitrogen
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오형윤
박성희
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엘지디스플레이 주식회사
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Priority to DE102011123058.4A priority patent/DE102011123058B3/en
Priority to DE102011123066.5A priority patent/DE102011123066B3/en
Priority to DE102011054855.6A priority patent/DE102011054855B4/en
Priority to US13/283,774 priority patent/US9045471B2/en
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    • C07D209/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
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Abstract

본 발명은 하기 화학식으로 표시되며, X, Y, Z 각각은 질소(N) 또는 비치환된 탄소(C)에서 선택되며, 이중 적어도 하나는 질소이고, R1, R2, R3, R4 각각은 수소(H), 불소(F), 염소(Cl), 지방족(aliphatic) 화합물, 방향족(aromatic) 화합물, 알킬 실릴(alkyl silyl) 화합물, 아릴 실릴(aryl silyl) 화합물, 알콕시 (alkoxy) 화합물, 아릴옥시(aryloxy) 화합물, 알킬 포스포릴(alkyl phosphoryl)기, 알킬 설퍼릴(alkyl sulfuryl)기, 아릴 설퍼릴(aryl sulfuryl)기, 알킬 아미노(alkyl amino)기, 아릴 아미노(aryl amino)기 중에서 선택되는 유기전계발광소자용 인광 물질을 제공한다.
화학식

Figure 112013056720592-pat00019
Wherein each of X, Y and Z is selected from nitrogen (N) or unsubstituted carbon (C), at least one of which is nitrogen and each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is hydrogen H, fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), an aliphatic compound, an aromatic compound, an alkyl silyl compound, an aryl silyl compound, an alkoxy compound, an alkyloxy group, an aryloxy group, an alkyl phosphoryl group, an alkyl sulfuryl group, an aryl sulfuryl group, an alkyl amino group, and an aryl amino group. A phosphorescent material for an electroluminescent device is provided.
The
Figure 112013056720592-pat00019

Description

유기전계발광소자용 인광 물질 {Phosphorescent material for Organic electroluminescent device}BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a phosphorescent material for an organic electroluminescent device,

본 발명은 유기전계발광소자용 인광 물질에 관한 것으로, 특히 높은 삼중항 에너지를 갖는 유기전계발광소자용 인광 물질에 관한 것이다.
The present invention relates to a phosphorescent material for an organic electroluminescent device, and more particularly to a phosphorescent material for an organic electroluminescent device having a high triplet energy.

유기 전계 발광 소자는 전자 주입 전극(음극)과 정공 주입 전극(양극) 사이에 형성된 발광물질층에 전하를 주입하면 전자와 정공이 쌍을 이룬 후 소멸하면서 빛을 내는 소자이다. 플라스틱 같은 휠 수 있는(flexible) 투명 기판 위에도 소자를 형성할 수 있을 뿐 아니라, 구동 전압 및 소모 전력 등에서 장점을 갖는다. An organic electroluminescent device is a device that injects electric charge into a light emitting material layer formed between an electron injecting electrode (cathode) and a hole injecting electrode (anode) to form an electron and a hole. Not only can the device be formed on a flexible transparent substrate such as a plastic but also has advantages in driving voltage and power consumption.

유기전계발광소자는 양극(anode)과, 양극 상에 순차로 적층되는 정공주입층(HIL:hole injecting layer), 정공수송층(HTL: hole transporting layer), 발광물질층 (EML: emitting material layer), 전자수송층(ETL: electron transporting layer), 전자주입층(EIL: electron injecting layer) 및 음극(cathode)로 이루어진다.The organic electroluminescent device includes an anode, a hole injecting layer (HIL), a hole transporting layer (HTL), an emitting material layer (EML) An electron transporting layer (ETL), an electron injecting layer (EIL), and a cathode.

여기서, 상기 발광물질층에는 필요에 따라 도펀트(dopant)를 첨가한다. 예를 들어, 적색(green) 발광층은, 4,4′-N,N′-dicarbazolbiphenyl (CBP)를 30nm 내지 60nm의 두께로 증착하며 불순물(dopant)로는 Bis(2-phenylquinoline)(acetylacetonate)iridium(III) (Ir(phq)2acac)이 약 5~10% 도핑된다.
Here, a dopant is added to the light emitting material layer if necessary. For example, a red light emitting layer may be formed by depositing 4,4'-N, N'-dicarbazolbiphenyl (CBP) to a thickness of 30 nm to 60 nm, and bis (2-phenylquinoline) acetylacetonate iridium III) (Ir (phq) 2acac) is doped to about 5 to 10%.

최근에는 발광물질층에 형광 물질보다 인광 물질이 많이 사용되는 추세이다. 형광 물질의 경우 발광물질층에서 형성되는 엑시톤 중에 약 25%의 단일항만이 빛을 만드는 데 사용되고 75%의 삼중항은 대부분 열로 소실되는 반면, 인광 물질은 단일항과 삼중항 모두를 빛으로 전환 시키는 발광 메커니즘을 가지고 있기 때문이다. 인광 도펀트(dopant)는 일반적으로 유기물의 중심부에 Ir, Pt, Eu와 같은 무거운 원소(heavy atom)를 포함하며 삼중항에서 단일항으로의 전자 전이 확률이 높다. In recent years, a phosphorescent material is used more frequently than a fluorescent material in a luminescent material layer. In the case of a fluorescent material, only about 25% of the single excitons formed in the emitter layer are used to make light, and 75% of the triplet is mostly lost to heat, while the phosphors convert both singlet and triplet to light It has a luminescent mechanism. Phosphorescent dopants generally contain heavy atoms such as Ir, Pt, and Eu in the center of organic matter, and have a high probability of electron transition from triplet to singlet.

하지만 이러한 도펀트는 농도 소광 현상으로 급격한 효율감소가 발생하기 때문에, 단독으로 발광물질층을 구성할 수는 없다. 따라서, 도펀트보다 열안정성 및 삼중항 에너지가 높은 호스트 물질과 함께 발광층을 이루게 된다.However, since such a dopant is abruptly reduced in efficiency due to the concentration quenching phenomenon, the light emitting material layer can not be constituted by itself. Thus, a luminescent layer is formed together with the host material having higher thermal stability and higher triplet energy than the dopant.

인광물질을 포함하는 유기전계발광소자의 발광 프로세스를 간단히 살펴 보면, 양극으로부터 주입된 홀과 음극으로부터 주입된 전자가 발광층의 호스트 물질에서 만나게 되고, 호스트에서 형성된 단일항 엑시톤은 도펀트의 단일항 또는 삼중항으로 에너지 전이가 일어나며, 삼중항 엑시톤은 도펀트의 삼중항으로 에너지 전이가 일어나게 된다. 도펀트의 단일항으로 전이된 엑시톤은 다시 도펀트의 삼중항으로 전이되기 때문에, 모든 엑시톤의 종착지는 도펀트의 삼중항 준위이다. 이렇게 형성된 엑시톤은 기저상태(ground state)로 전이되며 빛을 발생한다. In the light emitting process of an organic electroluminescent device including a phosphor, a hole injected from an anode and electrons injected from a cathode are encountered in a host material of the light emitting layer, and a single-excited exciton formed in the host is a single- Energy transition occurs, and the triplet exciton becomes energy transfer to the triplet of the dopant. Since the excitons transferred to a single term of the dopant are again transferred to the triplet of the dopant, all the excitons are terminated at the triplet level of the dopant. The excitons thus formed transition to the ground state and emit light.

이때, 도펀트로의 효율적인 에너지 전이를 위해 호스트 물질의 삼중항 에너지는 도펀트의 삼중항 에너지보다 반드시 커야만 한다. 하지만 도 1을 참조하면, 종래 호스트 물질로 널리 사용되는 CBP의 경우 삼중항 에너지가 2.6eV 이므로 잘 알려진 FIrpic (iridum-bis(4,6-difluorophenylpyridinato-N,C2)-picolinate) 인광 도펀트의 삼중항 에너지보다 작기 때문에, 호스트 물질에서 도펀트로의 에너지 역 전이현상이 발생하여 효율이 떨어진다. 특히 저온에서 효율 감소가 크게 발생한다. 따라서, 삼중항 에너지가 2.6eV이상이면서 열안정성이 우수한 신규 인광 물질의 개발이 요구된다.At this time, for efficient energy transfer to the dopant, the triplet energy of the host material must be greater than the triplet energy of the dopant. However, referring to FIG. 1, CBP, which is widely used as a conventional host material, has a triplet energy of 2.6 eV. Therefore, the triplet of the phosphorescent dopant known as FIrpic (iridum-bis (4,6- difluorophenylpyridinato- Energy is less than the energy, the energy reversal phenomenon occurs from the host material to the dopant and the efficiency is lowered. In particular, the reduction in efficiency occurs at a low temperature. Therefore, it is required to develop a novel phosphor having a triple energy of 2.6 eV or more and excellent thermal stability.

또한, 발광물질층 앞과 뒤에 인접한 정공 수송층 또는 전자 수송층의 삼중항 에너지가 도펀트의 삼중항 에너지보다 작을 경우는 도펀트 또는 호스트에서 이들 층으로 에너지 역 전이가 발생하여 효율을 급격히 떨어뜨린다. 따라서 발광층의 호스트 물질뿐만 아니라 정공/전자 수송층 물질의 삼중항 에너지도 인광 소자에 있어 매우 중요한 요소이다.
When the triplet energies of the hole transporting layer or the electron transporting layer adjacent to the front and rear of the light emitting material layer are smaller than the triplet energy of the dopant, the energy inversion occurs from the dopant or host to these layers, thereby significantly reducing the efficiency. Therefore, the triplet energy of the hole / electron transport layer material as well as the host material of the light emitting layer is a very important factor in the phosphorescent device.

본 발명은 삼중항 에너지가 2.6eV 이상인 인광 물질을 제공하여, 유기전계발광소자의 발광효율 저하 문제를 방지하고자 한다. 특히, 호스트 물질의 삼중항 에너지를 도펀트의 삼중항 에너지보다 높게 함으로써, 발광 효율의 저하를 방지하고자 한다.The present invention provides a phosphorescent material having a triplet energy of 2.6 eV or more to prevent a problem of lowering the luminous efficiency of an organic electroluminescent device. In particular, the triplet energy of the host material is made higher than the triplet energy of the dopant to prevent the degradation of the luminous efficiency.

또한, 정공 수송층 또는 전자 수송층에 이용할 수 있으며 높은 삼중항 에너지를 갖는 인광 물질을 제공하여, 유기전계발광소자의 효율 향상을 목적으로 한다.
It is also possible to use a phosphorescent material having high triplet energy which can be used for a hole transporting layer or an electron transporting layer, thereby improving the efficiency of an organic electroluminescent device.

위와 같은 과제의 해결을 위해, 본 발명은 하기 화학식으로 표시되며, X, Y, Z 각각은 탄소(C) 또는 질소(N)에서 선택되며, 이중 적어도 하나는 질소이고, R1, R2, R3, R4 각각은 수소(H), 불소(F), 염소(Cl), 지방족(aliphatic) 화합물, 방향족(aromatic) 화합물, 알킬 실릴(alkyl silyl) 화합물, 아릴 실릴(aryl silyl) 화합물, 알콕시 (alkoxy) 화합물, 아릴옥시(aryloxy) 화합물, alkyl phosphoryl기, alkyl sulfuryl기, aryl sulfuryl기, alkyl amino기, aryl amino기 중에서 선택되는 유기전계발광소자용 인광 물질을 제공한다.(X), (Y) and (Z) are each selected from carbon (C) or nitrogen (N), at least one of which is nitrogen, and R1, R2, R3, Each of R 4 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen (H), fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), aliphatic compounds, aromatic compounds, alkylsilyl compounds, aryl silyl compounds, An alkyloxy group, an aryloxy group, an aryloxy group, an alkyl phosphoryl group, an alkyl sulfuryl group, an aryl sulfuryl group, an alkyl amino group, and an aryl amino group.

화학식The

Figure 112010070739056-pat00001

Figure 112010070739056-pat00001

또한, 본 발명은 하기 화학식으로 표시되며, X, Y, Z 각각은 탄소(C) 또는 질소(N)에서 선택되며, 이중 적어도 하나는 질소이고, R1, R2, R3, R4 각각은 수소(H), 불소(F), 염소(Cl), 지방족(aliphatic) 화합물, 방향족(aromatic) 화합물, 알킬 실릴(alkyl silyl) 화합물, 아릴 실릴(aryl silyl) 화합물, 알콕시 (alkoxy) 화합물, 아릴옥시(aryloxy) 화합물, alkyl phosphoryl기, alkyl sulfuryl기, aryl sulfuryl기, alkyl amino기, aryl amino기 중에서 선택되는 유기전계발광소자용 인광 물질을 제공한다.Each of X, Y and Z is selected from carbon (C) or nitrogen (N), at least one of which is nitrogen and each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is hydrogen ), Fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), an aliphatic compound, an aromatic compound, an alkyl silyl compound, an aryl silyl compound, an alkoxy compound, an aryloxy ) Compound, an alkyl phosphoryl group, an alkyl sulfuryl group, an aryl sulfuryl group, an alkyl amino group, and an aryl amino group.

화학식The

Figure 112010070739056-pat00002
Figure 112010070739056-pat00002

상기 지방족 화합물은 C1~C20의 아릴(aryl), C1~C20의 알킬(alkyl)을 포함하는 것이 특징이다.The aliphatic compound is characterized by containing C1 to C20 aryl and C1 to C20 alkyl.

상기 방향족 그룹 물질은 페닐(phenyl), 나프틸(naphthyl), 바이페닐(biphenyl), 터페닐(terphenyl), 페난스렌닐(phenanthrenyl)을 포함하는 것이 특징이다.
The aromatic group material is characterized by including phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and phenanthrenyl.

다른 관점에서, 본 발명은 제 1 전극과; 상기 제 1 전극과 마주보는 제 2 전극과; 상기 제 1 및 제 2 전극 사이에 위치하는 발광물질층을 포함하고, 상기 발광물질층은 하기 화학식으로 표시되며, X, Y, Z 각각은 탄소(C) 또는 질소(N)에서 선택되며, 이중 적어도 하나는 질소이고, R1, R2, R3, R4 각각은 수소(H), 불소(F), 염소(Cl), 지방족(aliphatic) 화합물, 방향족(aromatic) 화합물, 알킬 실릴(alkyl silyl) 화합물, 아릴 실릴(aryl silyl) 화합물, 알콕시 (alkoxy) 화합물, 아릴옥시(aryloxy) 화합물, alkyl phosphoryl기, alkyl sulfuryl기, aryl sulfuryl기, alkyl amino기, aryl amino기 중에서 선택되는 호스트 물질과, 상기 호스트 물질보다 작은 삼중항 에너지를 갖는 도펀트로 이루어지는 것이 특징인 유기전계발광소자를 제공한다.In another aspect, the present invention provides a liquid crystal display comprising: a first electrode; A second electrode facing the first electrode; And a light emitting material layer disposed between the first and second electrodes, wherein the light emitting material layer is represented by the following formula: wherein each of X, Y and Z is selected from carbon (C) or nitrogen (N) At least one of which is nitrogen and each of R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4 is hydrogen, fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), aliphatic compound, aromatic compound, A host material selected from an aryl silyl compound, an alkoxy compound, an aryloxy compound, an alkyl phosphoryl group, an alkyl sulfuryl group, an aryl sulfuryl group, an alkyl amino group, an aryl amino group, And a dopant having a triplet energy smaller than that of the dopant.

화학식The

Figure 112010070739056-pat00003

Figure 112010070739056-pat00003

또한, 본 발명은 제 1 전극과; 상기 제 1 전극과 마주보는 제 2 전극과; 상기 제 1 및 제 2 전극 사이에 위치하는 발광물질층을 포함하고, 상기 발광물질층은 하기 화학식으로 표시되며, X, Y, Z 각각은 탄소(C) 또는 질소(N)에서 선택되며, 이중 적어도 하나는 질소이고, R1, R2, R3, R4 각각은 수소(H), 불소(F), 염소(Cl), 지방족(aliphatic) 화합물, 방향족(aromatic) 화합물, 알킬 실릴(alkyl silyl) 화합물, 아릴 실릴(aryl silyl) 화합물, 알콕시 (alkoxy) 화합물, 아릴옥시(aryloxy) 화합물, alkyl phosphoryl기, alkyl sulfuryl기, aryl sulfuryl기, alkyl amino기, aryl amino기 중에서 선택되는 호스트 물질과, 상기 호스트 물질보다 작은 삼중항 에너지를 갖는 도펀트로 이루어지는 것이 특징인 유기전계발광소자를 제공한다.According to another aspect of the present invention, A second electrode facing the first electrode; And a light emitting material layer disposed between the first and second electrodes, wherein the light emitting material layer is represented by the following formula: wherein each of X, Y and Z is selected from carbon (C) or nitrogen (N) Wherein at least one of R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4 is nitrogen; and each of R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4 is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, an aliphatic compound, an aromatic compound, A host material selected from an aryl silyl compound, an alkoxy compound, an aryloxy compound, an alkyl phosphoryl group, an alkyl sulfuryl group, an aryl sulfuryl group, an alkyl amino group, an aryl amino group, And a dopant having a triplet energy smaller than that of the dopant.

화학식The

Figure 112010070739056-pat00004
Figure 112010070739056-pat00004

상기 제 1 전극과 상기 발광물질층 사이에 위치하는 정공주입층과; 상기 정공주입층과 상기 발광물질층 사이에 위치하는 정공수송층과; 상기 발광물질층과 상기 제 2 전극 사이에 위치하는 전자주입층과; 상기 전자주입층과 상기 발광물질층 사이에 위치하는 전자수송층을 포함하고, 상기 정공수송층 및 상기 전자수송층 중 적어도 어느 하나는 상기 호스트 물질로 이루어지는 것이 특징이다.
A hole injection layer disposed between the first electrode and the light emitting material layer; A hole transport layer disposed between the hole injection layer and the light emitting material layer; An electron injection layer disposed between the light emitting material layer and the second electrode; And an electron transport layer disposed between the electron injection layer and the light emitting material layer, wherein at least one of the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer is made of the host material.

본 발명의 인광 물질은 2.8eV이상의 삼중항 에너지를 갖기 때문에 유기전계발광소자의 효율을 높일 수 있다.Since the phosphorescent material of the present invention has a triplet energy of 2.8 eV or more, the efficiency of the organic electroluminescent device can be increased.

본 발명의 인광 물질은 발광물질층에 이용되며 도펀트의보다 큰 삼중항 에너지를 갖기 때문에, 발광 효율의 저하 문제를 방지할 수 있다.Since the phosphorescent material of the present invention is used in the light emitting material layer and has a larger triplet energy of the dopant, the problem of lowering the luminous efficiency can be prevented.

또한, 2.8eV이상의 삼중항 에너지를 갖는 본 발명의 인광 물질을 정공 수송층 또는 전자 수송층에 이용함으로써, 유기전계발광소자의 발광효율을 향상시킬 수 있다.
In addition, by using the phosphorescent material of the present invention having triplet energy of 2.8 eV or more for the hole transporting layer or the electron transporting layer, the luminous efficiency of the organic electroluminescent device can be improved.

도 1은 종래 유기전계발광소자용 호스트 물질인 CBP의 PL 스펙트럼이다.
도 2는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 유기전계발광소자용 인광 물질의 UV 스펙트럼 및 PL 스펙트럼이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 유기전계발광소자의 개략적인 단면도이다.
1 is a PL spectrum of CBP which is a host material for a conventional organic electroluminescent device.
2 is a UV spectrum and a PL spectrum of a phosphorescent material for an organic electroluminescence device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic electroluminescent device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

이하, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 유기전계발광소자용 인광 물질의 구조 및 그 합성예와, 이를 이용한 유기전계발광소자에 대해 설명한다.Hereinafter, a structure of a phosphor for an organic electroluminescence device according to an embodiment of the present invention, a synthesis example thereof, and an organic electroluminescence device using the same will be described.

본 발명의 실시예에 따른 인광 물질은 carbazole로 치환된 carboline기와 carbazole기가 페놀의 para위치에 치환된 구조이며, 하기 화학식1로 표시된다.A phosphorescent material according to an embodiment of the present invention is a structure in which a carboline group substituted with carbazole and a carbazole group are substituted at the para position of phenol.

화학식1Formula 1

Figure 112010070739056-pat00005
Figure 112010070739056-pat00005

상기 화학식1에서 X, Y, Z 각각은 탄소(C) 또는 질소(N)에서 선택되며, 이중 적어도 하나는 질소이다. 예를 들어, X=N, Y=Z=C인 경우 α-carbolin이며, Y=N, X=Z=C인 경우 β-carbolin이고, Z=N, X=Y=C인 경우 γ-carbolin이다.In Formula 1, each of X, Y and Z is selected from carbon (C) or nitrogen (N), and at least one of them is nitrogen. For example,? -Carbolin when X = N and Y = Z = C,? -Carbolin when Y = N and X = Z = C, and? -Carbolin to be.

또한, 상기 화학식1에서 R1, R2, R3, R4 각각은 수소(H), 불소(F), 염소(Cl),지방족(aliphatic) 화합물, 방향족(aromatic) 화합물, 알킬 실릴(alkyl silyl) 화합물, 아릴 실릴(aryl silyl) 화합물, 알콕시 (alkoxy) 화합물, 아릴옥시(aryloxy) 화합물, alkyl phosphoryl기, alkyl sulfuryl기, aryl sulfuryl기, alkyl amino기, aryl amino기 중에서 선택된다.Each of R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4 in the formula (1) may be independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, an aliphatic compound, an aromatic compound, An alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an alkyl phosphoryl group, an alkyl sulfuryl group, an aryl sulfuryl group, an alkyl amino group, and an aryl amino group.

예를 들어, 상기 지방족 화합물은 C1~C20의 아릴(aryl), C1~C20의 알킬(alkyl)일 수 있고, 상기 방향족 그룹 물질은 페닐(phenyl), 나프틸(naphthyl), 바이페닐(biphenyl), 터페닐(terphenyl), 페난스렌닐(phenanthrenyl)일 수 있다.
For example, the aliphatic compound may be a C1 to C20 aryl or a C1 to C20 alkyl group, and the aromatic group material may include phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, , Terphenyl, and phenanthrenyl.

또한, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 인광 물질은 carbazole로 치환된 carboline기와 carbazole기가 페놀의 meta위치에 치환된 구조이며, 하기 화학식2로 표시된다.The phosphorescent material according to an embodiment of the present invention has a structure in which a carboline group substituted with carbazole and a carbazole group are substituted at the meta position of phenol,

화학식2(2)

상기 화학식2에서 X, Y, Z 각각은 탄소(C) 또는 질소(N)에서 선택되며, 이중 적어도 하나는 질소이다. 예를 들어, X=N, Y=Z=C인 경우 α-carbolin이며, Y=N, X=Z=C인 경우 β-carbolin이고, Z=N, X=Y=C인 경우 γ-carbolin이다.In Formula 2, each of X, Y and Z is selected from carbon (C) or nitrogen (N), and at least one of them is nitrogen. For example,? -Carbolin when X = N and Y = Z = C,? -Carbolin when Y = N and X = Z = C, and? -Carbolin to be.

또한, 상기 화학식2에서 R1, R2, R3, R4 각각은 수소(H), 불소(F), 염소(Cl), 지방족(aliphatic) 화합물, 방향족(aromatic) 화합물, 알킬 실릴(alkyl silyl) 화합물, 아릴 실릴(aryl silyl) 화합물, 알콕시 (alkoxy) 화합물, 아릴옥시(aryloxy) 화합물, alkyl phosphoryl기, alkyl sulfuryl기, aryl sulfuryl기, alkyl amino기, aryl amino기 중에서 선택된다.In Formula 2, each of R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen (H), fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), aliphatic compound, aromatic compound, alkylsilyl compound, An alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an alkyl phosphoryl group, an alkyl sulfuryl group, an aryl sulfuryl group, an alkyl amino group, and an aryl amino group.

예를 들어, 상기 지방족 화합물은 C1~C20의 아릴(aryl), C1~C20의 알킬(alkyl)일 수 있고, 상기 방향족 그룹 물질은 페닐(phenyl), 나프틸(naphthyl), 바이페닐(biphenyl), 터페닐(terphenyl), 페난스렌닐(phenanthrenyl)일 수 있다.
For example, the aliphatic compound may be a C1 to C20 aryl or a C1 to C20 alkyl group, and the aromatic group material may include phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, , Terphenyl, and phenanthrenyl.

예를 들어, 상기 화학식1의 인광물질은 아래 화학식3으로 표시될 수 있다.For example, the phosphor of Formula 1 may be represented by Formula 3 below.

화학식3(3)

Figure 112010070739056-pat00007
Figure 112010070739056-pat00007

Figure 112010070739056-pat00008
Figure 112010070739056-pat00008

상기 화학식3에서

Figure 112010070739056-pat00009
표시된 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 유기전계발광소자용 인광 물질 N-(4-(N-carbazole)phenyl)-8-(N-carbazole)-γ-carboline은 아래 합성예에 의해 얻어진다.In the above formula (3)
Figure 112010070739056-pat00009
The N- (4- (N-carbazole) phenyl) -8- (N-carbazole) -γ-carboline for the organic electroluminescent device according to the illustrated embodiment of the present invention is obtained by the following synthesis example.

합성예Synthetic example

1. N-(4-iodophenyl)-carbazole의 합성1. Synthesis of N- (4-iodophenyl) -carbazole

N-(4-iodophenyl)-carbazole은 아래 반응식1에 의해 얻어진다.N- (4-iodophenyl) -carbazole is obtained by the following reaction formula (1).

반응식1Scheme 1

Figure 112010070739056-pat00010
Figure 112010070739056-pat00010

구체적으로, 250ml 이구 플라스크 (two neck flask)에 carbazole 10g (59.4mmole), 1,4-di-iodobenzene 21.5g (65.34mmol), K3PO4 18.9g, CuI 1.13g, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane 1.45g과 1,4 dioxane 100ml를 넣고 12시간 환류한 후 물 100ml를 넣어 침전시켰다. Methylene chloride(MC):Hexane=1:3 전개 용매로 column chromatography를 이용하여 고체 7g(수율 30%)을 얻었다.
Specifically, 10 g (59.4 mmole) of carbazole, 21.5 g (65.34 mmol) of 1,4-di-iodobenzene, 18.9 g of K3PO4, 1.13 g of CuI, 1.45 g of 1,2-diaminocyclohexane and 1 g of 1 , And 4 dioxane (100 ml) were added, and the mixture was refluxed for 12 hours, followed by the addition of 100 ml of water. 7 g of solid (30% yield) was obtained by column chromatography using methylene chloride (MC): Hexane = 1: 3 developing solvent.

2. N-(4-(N-carbazol)phenyl-3-bromopyridin-4-amine의 합성2. Synthesis of N- (4- (N-carbazol) phenyl-3-bromopyridin-4-amine

N-(4-(N-carbazol)phenyl-3-bromopyridin-4-amine은 아래 반응식2에 의해 얻어진다.N- (4- (N-carbazol) phenyl-3-bromopyridin-4-amine is obtained by the following reaction formula (2).

반응식2Scheme 2

Figure 112010070739056-pat00011
Figure 112010070739056-pat00011

구체적으로 100ml 이구 플라스크에 N-(4-iodophenyl)-carbazole10 g(27.1mmole)과 3-bromopyridin-4-amine 4.68g(27.1mmole), sodium-ter-buthoxide 5.2g, Pd2(dba)3 0.49g, Xanthophos 0.62g, toluene 80ml를 넣고 24시간 환류 시켰다. 반응 종결 후 toluene을 감압 증류하여 제거한 후 물 100ml를 넣고 ethyl acetate(EA)를 이용하여 추출한후 column chromatograpy를 통해 고체 10g(88% 수율)을 얻었다.
Specifically, 10 g (27.1 mmole) of N- (4-iodophenyl) -carbazole and 4.68 g (27.1 mmole) of 3-bromopyridin-4-amine, 5.2 g of sodium tert-buthoxide and 0.49 g , Xanthophos (0.62 g) and toluene (80 ml) were added and refluxed for 24 hours. After completion of the reaction, toluene was removed by distillation under reduced pressure. 100 ml of water was added and extracted with ethyl acetate (EA). 10 g of solid (88% yield) was obtained through column chromatography.

3. 8-(N-carbazole)-γ-carboline의 합성3. Synthesis of 8- (N-carbazole) -γ-carboline

8-(N-carbazole)-γ-carboline은 아래 반응식3에 의해 얻어진다.8- (N-carbazole) -γ-carboline is obtained by the following reaction formula (3).

반응식3Scheme 3

Figure 112010070739056-pat00012
Figure 112010070739056-pat00012

구체적으로, 100ml 이구 플라스크에 N-(4-(N-carbazol)phenyl-3-bromopyridin-4-amine 10g(24mmole), Pd(acetate)2 0.18g, 2-(dicyclohexylphophino)biphenyl 0.5g, undecene 6ml, DMA (dimethyl acetamide) 50ml를 넣고 24시간 환류 시켰다. 반응 종결후 냉각하여 물 50ml를 첨가하여 침전물 4.1g(수율 49%)을 얻었다.
Specifically, 10 g (24 mmole) of N- (4- (N-carbazol) phenyl-3-bromopyridin-4-amine, 0.18 g of Pd (acetate) 2, 0.5 g of 2- (dicyclohexylphophino) biphenyl, , 50 ml of DMA (dimethyl acetamide) were added and the mixture was refluxed for 24 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled, and 50 ml of water was added to obtain 4.1 g of a precipitate (yield 49%).

4. N-(4-(N-carbazole)phenyl)-8-(N-carbazole)-γ-carboline의 합성4. Synthesis of N- (4- (N-carbazole) phenyl) -8- (N-carbazole) -γ-carboline

N-(4-(N-carbazole)phenyl)-8-(N-carbazole)-γ-carboline은 아래 반응식4에 의해 얻어진다.N- (4- (N-carbazole) phenyl) -8- (N-carbazole) -γ-carboline is obtained by the following reaction formula (4).

반응식4Scheme 4

Figure 112010070739056-pat00013
Figure 112010070739056-pat00013

구체적으로, 100ml 이구 플라스크에 8-(N-carbazolyl)-α-carboline 4.0g (11.9mmole), N-(4-iodophenyl)-carbazole 5.0g (13.5mmole)과 Dioxane 50ml, CuI 0.2g, trans-diaminocyclohexane 0.3g, K3PO4 4g을 넣고 12시간 환류시켰다. 반응 종결 후 여과하여 salt를 제거하고 용액에 물 50ml를 넣어 침전을 얻었다. EA: Hexane =1:1 전개 용매로 column chromatography를 이용하여 흰색 가루(white powder) 2.5 g (50%)을 얻었다
Specifically, a 100 ml two-neck flask was charged with 4.0 g (11.9 mmole) of 8- (N-carbazolyl) -α-carboline, 5.0 g (13.5 mmole) of N- (4-iodophenyl) -carbazole, 50 ml of dioxane, 0.3 g of diaminocyclohexane and 4 g of K3PO4 were added and refluxed for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the salt was removed by filtration, and 50 ml of water was added to the solution to obtain a precipitate. 2.5 g (50%) of white powder was obtained by column chromatography using EA: Hexane = 1: 1 developing solvent

상기 화학식3에서

Figure 112010070739056-pat00014
표시된 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 유기전계발광소자용 인광 물질에 대하여 UV 흡수 스펙트럼과 저온(77K)에서의 PL(photoluminescence) 스펙트럼을 측정하여 도 2에 나타내었다.In the above formula (3)
Figure 112010070739056-pat00014
The UV absorption spectrum and PL (photoluminescence) spectrum at low temperature (77K) of the phosphor for the organic electroluminescence device according to the illustrated embodiment of the present invention are shown in FIG.

도 2에서 보여지는 바와 같이, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 인광 물질은 2.8eV이상의 삼중항 에너지(T1)와 3.4eV이상의 단일항 에너지(S1)를 갖는다. 따라서, 종래 발광물질층의 호스트 물질로 이용되는 CBP보다 높은 삼중항 에너지를 가지며, 또한 일반적으로 이용되는 도펀트의 삼중항 에너지인 2.7eV보다 크기 때문에, 호스트 물질에서 도펀트로의 에너지 역 전이현상을 방지할 수 있다. 따라서, 발광효율이 향상되는 장점을 갖는다.As shown in FIG. 2, the phosphor according to an embodiment of the present invention has a triplet energy (T1) of 2.8 eV or more and a singlet energy (S1) of 3.4 eV or more. Therefore, it has higher triplet energy than CBP used as a host material of the conventional light emitting material layer, and is larger than 2.7 eV, which is the triplet energy of the commonly used dopant, so that the energy transfer from the host material to the dopant is prevented can do. Therefore, the light emitting efficiency is improved.

또한, 본 발명의 인광 물질은 도펀트보다 큰 삼중항 에너지를 갖기 때문에 정공 수송층 또는 전자 수송층으로 이용될 수 있으며, 도펀트에서 정공 수송층 또는 전자 수송층으로의 에너지 역 전이 발생을 방지할 수 있다.
In addition, since the phosphorescent material of the present invention has triplet energy higher than that of the dopant, the phosphorescent material of the present invention can be used as a hole transporting layer or an electron transporting layer, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of energy reversal from a dopant to a hole transporting layer or an electron transporting layer.

상기한 인광 물질을 포함하여 이루어지는 유기전계발광소자에 대한 일 실시예를 도 3에 도시하였다.An embodiment of an organic electroluminescent device including the phosphorescent material is shown in FIG.

도시한 바와 같이, 유기전계발광소자는 서로 마주보는 제 1 및 제 2 기판(미도시)과, 상기 제 1 및 제 2 기판(미도시) 사이에 형성되어 있는 유기발광다이오드(E)를 포함한다.As shown, the organic electroluminescent device includes first and second substrates (not shown) facing each other, and an organic light emitting diode (E) formed between the first and second substrates (not shown) .

상기 유기발광다이오드(E)는 양극 역할을 하는 제 1 전극(110), 음극 역할을 하는 제 2 전극(130) 및 상기 제 1 및 제 2 전극(110, 130) 사이에 형성되는 유기발광층(120)으로 이루어진다. The organic light emitting diode E includes a first electrode 110 serving as an anode, a second electrode 130 serving as a cathode, and an organic emission layer 120 formed between the first and second electrodes 110 and 130. [ ).

상기 제 1 전극(110)은 일함수 값이 비교적 높은 물질, 예를 들어, 인듐-틴-옥사이드(ITO)로 이루어지며, 상기 제 2 전극(130)은 일함수 값이 비교적 낮은 물질, 예를 들어, 알루미늄(Al) 또는 알루미늄 합금(AlNd)로 이루어진다. 또한, 상기 유기발광층(120)은 적색, 녹색, 청색은 유기발광패턴으로 이루어진다.The first electrode 110 is made of a relatively high work function material such as indium-tin-oxide (ITO), and the second electrode 130 is made of a material having a relatively low work function value, For example, aluminum (Al) or an aluminum alloy (AlNd). In addition, the organic light emitting layer 120 has red, green, and blue organic light emission patterns.

상기 유기발광층(120)은 발광효율을 극대화하기 위해, 다중층 구조 즉, 제 1 전극(110)으로부터 순차적으로 정공주입층(hole injection layer; HTL) (121), 정공수송층(hole transporting layer; HIL) (122), 발광물질층(emitting material layer; EML) (123), 전자수송층(electron transporting layer)(124) 및 전자주입층(electron injection layer)(125)으로 이루어진다.The organic light emitting layer 120 may include a hole injection layer (HTL) 121, a hole transporting layer (HIL) 121, and a hole transporting layer (HIL) 121 sequentially from the first electrode 110 in order to maximize luminous efficiency. An emission layer 122, an emitting material layer (EML) 123, an electron transporting layer 124, and an electron injection layer 125.

여기서, 상기 발광물질층(123), 상기 정공 수송층(122) 및 전자 수송층(124) 중 적어도 어느 하나는 상기 화학식1 또는 상기 화학식2로 표시된 본 발명의 인광 물질을 포함하여 이루어진다. At least one of the light emitting material layer 123, the hole transporting layer 122, and the electron transporting layer 124 includes the phosphorescent material of the present invention represented by Formula 1 or Formula 2.

예를 들어, 상기 발광물질층(123)이 본 발명의 인광 물질을 호스트 물질로 포함할 경우, 도펀트가 약 1~10wt% 첨가된다. 이때, 상기 인광 물질은 도펀트보다 큰 2.8eV이상의 삼중항 에너지를 갖기 때문에, 호스트 물질에서 도펀트로의 에너지 역 전이현상의 발생이 방지된다. 따라서, 발광효율을 높일 수 있다. 예를 들어, 상기 도펀트는 FIrpic (iridum-bis(4,6-difluorophenylpyridinato-N,C2)-picolinate)일 수 있다. For example, when the light emitting material layer 123 includes the phosphorescent material of the present invention as a host material, about 1 to 10 wt% dopant is added. At this time, since the phosphorescent material has a triplet energy of 2.8 eV or more, which is larger than that of the dopant, the occurrence of the energy reversal phenomenon from the host material to the dopant is prevented. Therefore, the luminous efficiency can be increased. For example, the dopant may be FIrpic (iridum-bis (4,6-difluorophenylpyridinato-N, C2) -picolinate).

한편, 상기 정공 수송층(122) 또는 전자 수송층(124)이 본 발명의 인광 물질로 이루어지는 경우, 상기 인광 물질은 발광물질층(123)의 도펀트보다 큰 2.8eV이상의 삼중항 에너지를 갖기 때문에, 도펀트로의 에너지 역 전이현상의 발생이 방지된다. 따라서, 유기전계발광소자의 에너지 효율 저하를 방지할 수 있는 장점을 갖는다.
When the hole transport layer 122 or the electron transport layer 124 is made of the phosphorescent material of the present invention, the phosphorescent material has a triplet energy of 2.8 eV or more, which is larger than the dopant of the light emitting material layer 123, Is prevented. Therefore, the organic electroluminescent device has an advantage that the energy efficiency of the organic electroluminescent device can be prevented from lowering.

상기에서는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 참조하여 설명하였지만, 해당 기술분야의 숙련된 당업자는 하기의 특허청구범위에 기재된 본 발명의 기술적 사상 및 영역으로부터 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 본 발명을 다양하게 수정 및 변경시킬 수 있음을 이해할 수 있을 것이다.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. It can be understood that

110: 제 1 전극
120: 유기발광층
121: 정공주입층
122: 정공수송층
123: 발광물질층
124: 전자수송층
125: 전자주입층
130: 제 2 전극
110: first electrode
120: organic light emitting layer
121: Hole injection layer
122: hole transport layer
123: luminescent material layer
124: electron transport layer
125: electron injection layer
130: second electrode

Claims (7)

하기 화학식으로 표시되며, X, Y, Z 각각은 질소(N) 또는 탄화수소(CH)에서 선택되며, 이중 적어도 하나는 질소이고, R1, R2, R3, R4 각각은 수소(H), 불소(F), 염소(Cl), 지방족(aliphatic) 화합물, 방향족(aromatic) 화합물, 알킬 실릴(alkyl silyl) 화합물, 아릴 실릴(aryl silyl) 화합물, 알콕시 (alkoxy) 화합물, 아릴옥시(aryloxy) 화합물, 알킬 포스포릴(alkyl phosphoryl)기, 알킬 설퍼릴(alkyl sulfuryl)기, 아릴 설퍼릴(aryl sulfuryl)기, 알킬 아미노(alkyl amino)기, 아릴 아미노(aryl amino)기 중에서 선택되는 유기전계발광소자용 인광 물질.
화학식
Figure 112013115896121-pat00015

Wherein each of X, Y and Z is selected from nitrogen (N) or hydrocarbon (CH), at least one of which is nitrogen and each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is hydrogen (H), fluorine ), Chlorine (Cl), an aliphatic compound, an aromatic compound, an alkyl silyl compound, an aryl silyl compound, an alkoxy compound, an aryloxy compound, A phosphorescent material for an organic electroluminescence device selected from the group consisting of an alkyl phosphoryl group, an alkyl sulfuryl group, an aryl sulfuryl group, an alkyl amino group, and an aryl amino group .
The
Figure 112013115896121-pat00015

하기 화학식으로 표시되며, X, Y, Z 각각은 질소(N) 또는 탄화수소(CH)에서 선택되며, 이중 적어도 하나는 질소이고, R1, R2, R3, R4 각각은 수소(H), 불소(F), 염소(Cl), 지방족(aliphatic) 화합물, 방향족(aromatic) 화합물, 알킬 실릴(alkyl silyl) 화합물, 아릴 실릴(aryl silyl) 화합물, 알콕시 (alkoxy) 화합물, 아릴옥시(aryloxy) 화합물, 알킬 포스포릴(alkyl phosphoryl)기, 알킬 설퍼릴(alkyl sulfuryl)기, 아릴 설퍼릴(aryl sulfuryl)기, 알킬 아미노(alkyl amino)기, 아릴 아미노(aryl amino)기 중에서 선택되는 유기전계발광소자용 인광 물질.
화학식
Figure 112013115896121-pat00016

Wherein each of X, Y and Z is selected from nitrogen (N) or hydrocarbon (CH), at least one of which is nitrogen and each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is hydrogen (H), fluorine ), Chlorine (Cl), an aliphatic compound, an aromatic compound, an alkyl silyl compound, an aryl silyl compound, an alkoxy compound, an aryloxy compound, A phosphorescent material for an organic electroluminescence device selected from the group consisting of an alkyl phosphoryl group, an alkyl sulfuryl group, an aryl sulfuryl group, an alkyl amino group, and an aryl amino group .
The
Figure 112013115896121-pat00016

제 1 항 또는 제 2항에 있어서,
상기 지방족 화합물은 C1~C20의 알킬(alkyl)을 포함하는 것이 특징인 유기전계발광소자용 인광 물질.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the aliphatic compound comprises a C1 to C20 alkyl.
제 1 항 또는 제 2항에 있어서,
상기 방향족 그룹 물질은 페닐(phenyl), 나프틸(naphthyl), 바이페닐(biphenyl), 터페닐(terphenyl), 페난스렌닐(phenanthrenyl)을 포함하는 것이 특징인 유기전계발광소자용 인광 물질.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the aromatic group material includes phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and phenanthrenyl. 2. The phosphorescent material according to claim 1, wherein the aromatic group material is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, terphenyl and phenanthrenyl.
제 1 전극과;
상기 제 1 전극과 마주보는 제 2 전극과;
상기 제 1 및 제 2 전극 사이에 위치하는 발광물질층을 포함하고,
상기 발광물질층은 하기 화학식으로 표시되며, X, Y, Z 각각은 질소(N) 또는 탄화수소(CH)에서 선택되며, 이중 적어도 하나는 질소이고, R1, R2, R3, R4 각각은 수소(H), 불소(F), 염소(Cl), 지방족(aliphatic) 화합물, 방향족(aromatic) 화합물, 알킬 실릴(alkyl silyl) 화합물, 아릴 실릴(aryl silyl) 화합물, 알콕시 (alkoxy) 화합물, 아릴옥시(aryloxy) 화합물, 알킬 포스포릴(alkyl phosphoryl)기, 알킬 설퍼릴(alkyl sulfuryl)기, 아릴 설퍼릴(aryl sulfuryl)기, 알킬 아미노(alkyl amino)기, 아릴 아미노(aryl amino)기 중에서 선택되는 호스트 물질과, 상기 호스트 물질보다 작은 삼중항 에너지를 갖는 도펀트로 이루어지는 것이 특징인 유기전계발광소자.
화학식
Figure 112013115896121-pat00017

A first electrode;
A second electrode facing the first electrode;
And a light emitting material layer disposed between the first and second electrodes,
Wherein each of X, Y and Z is selected from nitrogen (N) or hydrocarbon (CH), at least one of which is nitrogen and each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is hydrogen ), Fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), an aliphatic compound, an aromatic compound, an alkyl silyl compound, an aryl silyl compound, an alkoxy compound, an aryloxy ) Compound, an alkyl phosphoryl group, an alkyl sulfuryl group, an aryl sulfuryl group, an alkyl amino group, an aryl amino group, And a dopant having triplet energy smaller than that of the host material.
The
Figure 112013115896121-pat00017

제 1 전극과;
상기 제 1 전극과 마주보는 제 2 전극과;
상기 제 1 및 제 2 전극 사이에 위치하는 발광물질층을 포함하고,
상기 발광물질층은 하기 화학식으로 표시되며, X, Y, Z 각각은 질소(N) 또는 탄화수소(CH)에서 선택되며, 이중 적어도 하나는 질소이고, R1, R2, R3, R4 각각은 수소(H), 불소(F), 염소(Cl), 지방족(aliphatic) 화합물, 방향족(aromatic) 화합물, 알킬 실릴(alkyl silyl) 화합물, 아릴 실릴(aryl silyl) 화합물, 알콕시 (alkoxy) 화합물, 아릴옥시(aryloxy) 화합물, 알킬 포스포릴(alkyl phosphoryl)기, 알킬 설퍼릴(alkyl sulfuryl)기, 아릴 설퍼릴(aryl sulfuryl)기, 알킬 아미노(alkyl amino)기, 아릴 아미노(aryl amino)기 중에서 선택되는 호스트 물질과, 상기 호스트 물질보다 작은 삼중항 에너지를 갖는 도펀트로 이루어지는 것이 특징인 유기전계발광소자.
화학식
Figure 112013115896121-pat00018

A first electrode;
A second electrode facing the first electrode;
And a light emitting material layer disposed between the first and second electrodes,
Wherein each of X, Y and Z is selected from nitrogen (N) or hydrocarbon (CH), at least one of which is nitrogen and each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is hydrogen ), Fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), an aliphatic compound, an aromatic compound, an alkyl silyl compound, an aryl silyl compound, an alkoxy compound, an aryloxy ) Compound, an alkyl phosphoryl group, an alkyl sulfuryl group, an aryl sulfuryl group, an alkyl amino group, an aryl amino group, And a dopant having triplet energy smaller than that of the host material.
The
Figure 112013115896121-pat00018

제 5항 또는 제 6항에 있어서,
상기 제 1 전극과 상기 발광물질층 사이에 위치하는 정공주입층과;
상기 정공주입층과 상기 발광물질층 사이에 위치하는 정공수송층과;
상기 발광물질층과 상기 제 2 전극 사이에 위치하는 전자주입층과;
상기 전자주입층과 상기 발광물질층 사이에 위치하는 전자수송층을 포함하고,
상기 정공수송층 및 상기 전자수송층 중 적어도 어느 하나는 상기 호스트 물질로 이루어지는 것이 특징인 유기전계발광소자.
The method according to claim 5 or 6,
A hole injection layer disposed between the first electrode and the light emitting material layer;
A hole transport layer disposed between the hole injection layer and the light emitting material layer;
An electron injection layer disposed between the light emitting material layer and the second electrode;
And an electron transport layer disposed between the electron injection layer and the light emitting material layer,
Wherein at least one of the hole transporting layer and the electron transporting layer is made of the host material.
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