JPWO2019155635A1 - Granulated material manufacturing equipment and method for manufacturing granulated material - Google Patents

Granulated material manufacturing equipment and method for manufacturing granulated material Download PDF

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JPWO2019155635A1
JPWO2019155635A1 JP2018526723A JP2018526723A JPWO2019155635A1 JP WO2019155635 A1 JPWO2019155635 A1 JP WO2019155635A1 JP 2018526723 A JP2018526723 A JP 2018526723A JP 2018526723 A JP2018526723 A JP 2018526723A JP WO2019155635 A1 JPWO2019155635 A1 JP WO2019155635A1
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particle size
granulated
granulated material
granules
granulator
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JP6432711B1 (en
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太 今田
太 今田
明文 中下
明文 中下
池田　陵志
陵志 池田
健二 中本
健二 中本
渡辺　勝
渡辺　　勝
直 福本
直 福本
隆仁 及川
隆仁 及川
勝二 佃
勝二 佃
渡辺　健一
健一 渡辺
秀彰 野原
秀彰 野原
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Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/14—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic in rotating dishes or pans
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B28B11/06—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with powdered or granular material, e.g. sanding of shaped articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/10—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing
    • B28C5/12—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers
    • B28C5/14—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
    • C04B18/10—Burned or pyrolised refuse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Glanulating (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)

Abstract

石炭灰、固化材、及び水を含む原料を造粒する造粒物製造設備及び造粒物の製造方法であって、前記原料を造粒し、湿潤状態の造粒物を排出する造粒機と、養生後の造粒物のうち所定の粒径未満の細粒粉を一旦貯蔵して、前記造粒機から排出された湿潤状態の前記造粒物に付着させる粉末付着機と、を備える造粒物製造設備、及びその製造設備を用いた造粒物の製造方法を提供する。A granule manufacturing equipment and a granule manufacturing method for granulating a raw material containing coal ash, a solidifying material, and water, comprising: a granulating machine for granulating the raw material and discharging a wet granulated material. And a powder adhering device for temporarily storing fine powder having a particle size smaller than a predetermined particle size in the cured granules, and adhering to the wet granules discharged from the granulator. Provided are a granulated material production facility and a method for producing a granulated product using the production facility.

Description

本発明は、石炭灰、固化材、及び水を含む原料を造粒する造粒物製造設備及び造粒物の製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a granulated material manufacturing facility for granulating a raw material including coal ash, a solidified material, and water, and a method for manufacturing a granulated material.

石炭火力発電所から排出される石炭灰は、粉塵状の産業廃棄物である。産業廃棄物の低減と有効利用のために、石炭灰は造粒物に加工され、路盤材、水質浄化材等として再利用されている。   Coal ash emitted from coal-fired power plants is dusty industrial waste. In order to reduce and effectively utilize industrial waste, coal ash is processed into granules and reused as roadbed materials, water purification materials, and the like.

石炭灰を造粒物に加工する方法として、例えば、特許文献１には、石炭灰、固化材、水等を含む原料を造粒し連続的に排出する造粒機、造粒物を分級する分級機等を用いる製造方法が開示されている。この製造方法によれば、大量の石炭灰から連続的に造粒物を製造することが可能である。   As a method of processing coal ash into granules, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a granulator that granulates a raw material containing coal ash, a solidifying material, water, and the like, and continuously discharges the granulated material, and classifies the granules. A production method using a classifier or the like is disclosed. According to this production method, it is possible to continuously produce granules from a large amount of coal ash.

特開２０１７−１３１８３０号公報JP-A-2017-131830

ここで、造粒機から排出された造粒直後の造粒物は湿潤状態にあるため、特に養生の際に、養生エリアに堆積された造粒物同士が固着して塊となる。このため、特許文献１では、振動フィーダを用いて、塊となった複数の造粒物を分解している。しかし、この方法では、塊になる前の各造粒物にうまく分解できないことがある。その場合は、形状が歪であり、所望の粒径から外れた造粒物が製造される。結果として、所望の形状及び粒径の造粒物の効率的な製造が妨げられる。   Here, since the granules immediately after granulation discharged from the granulator are in a wet state, the granules deposited in the curing area adhere to each other to form a lump, particularly during curing. For this reason, in Patent Literature 1, a plurality of agglomerated materials in a lump are decomposed using a vibration feeder. However, with this method, it may not be possible to decompose the granules before clumping. In that case, a granulated product having a distorted shape and deviating from a desired particle size is produced. As a result, efficient production of granules of desired shape and particle size is hindered.

本発明は上記に鑑みてなされたものであり、造粒後の造粒物同士の接着及び固着を低減することにより、造粒物の製造効率を向上することができる造粒物製造設備及び造粒物の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above, and a granulated material manufacturing facility and a granulated material capable of improving the production efficiency of a granulated material by reducing adhesion and fixation of granulated materials after granulation. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing granules.

（１）本発明は、石炭灰、固化材、及び水を含む原料を造粒する造粒物製造設備であって、前記原料を造粒し、湿潤状態の造粒物を排出する造粒機と、養生後の該造粒物のうち所定の粒径未満の細粒粉を一旦貯蔵して、前記造粒機から排出された湿潤状態の前記造粒物に付着させる粉末付着機と、を備える造粒物製造設備に関する。   (1) The present invention is a granulated material manufacturing facility for granulating a raw material containing coal ash, a solidified material, and water, and a granulator for granulating the raw material and discharging a wet granulated material. And a powder adhering machine for temporarily storing fine powder having a particle size smaller than a predetermined particle size in the granulated material after curing, and adhering to the wet granulated material discharged from the granulator. The present invention relates to a granulated material manufacturing facility provided.

（２）前記原料は、養生後の前記造粒物のうち所定の粒径未満の細粒粉をさらに含んでもよい。   (2) The raw material may further include a fine powder having a particle size smaller than a predetermined particle size in the granulated material after curing.

（３）養生後の前記造粒物を分級する分級機をさらに備えてもよい。   (3) A classifier for classifying the granules after curing may be further provided.

（４）また、本発明は、石炭灰、固化材、及び水を含む原料を造粒機に投入する工程と、前記造粒機により前記原料を造粒し、湿潤状態の造粒物を排出する工程と、養生後の該造粒物のうち所定の粒径未満の細粒粉を、前記造粒機から排出された湿潤状態の前記造粒物に付着させる工程と、を含む造粒物の製造方法に関する。   (4) Further, the present invention provides a step of charging a raw material containing coal ash, a solidified material, and water into a granulator, granulating the raw material by the granulator, and discharging a wet granulated material. And a step of adhering fine-grained powder having a particle size smaller than a predetermined particle size of the cured granules to the wet granules discharged from the granulator. And a method for producing the same.

（５）前記原料は、養生後の前記造粒物のうち所定の粒径未満の細粒粉をさらに含んでもよい。   (5) The raw material may further include a fine powder having a particle size smaller than a predetermined particle size in the granulated material after curing.

（６）養生後の前記造粒物を分級する工程をさらに含んでもよい。   (6) The method may further include a step of classifying the granulated product after curing.

本発明によれば、造粒後の造粒物同士の接着及び固着を低減することにより、造粒物の製造効率を向上することができる造粒物製造設備及び造粒物の製造方法を提供できる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the granule production equipment which can improve the production efficiency of a granule by reducing adhesion and fixation of the granules after granulation, and the manufacturing method of a granulate are provided. it can.

本発明の実施形態の造粒物製造設備を示す図である。It is a figure showing the granulated material manufacturing equipment of an embodiment of the present invention.

以下、本発明の実施形態について説明する。
図１は本発明の実施形態に係る造粒物製造設備を示す図である。
図１に示す造粒物製造設備１は、石炭灰、固化材、水等の原料から、３ｍｍ〜４０ｍｍ程度の粒径の造粒物を製造する設備である。Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a granulated material manufacturing facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The granulated material manufacturing equipment 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a facility for manufacturing a granulated material having a particle size of about 3 mm to 40 mm from raw materials such as coal ash, solidified material, and water.

本実施形態に係る造粒物の原料は、主原料である石炭灰、少量の固化材、水、及び添加材である。   The raw materials of the granulated material according to the present embodiment are coal ash as a main raw material, a small amount of solidified material, water, and an additive.

石炭灰には、フライアッシュとクリンカアッシュとが含まれる。
固化材としては、石炭灰同士を固着することができる物質であれば特に限定されず、例えば、セメント、二水石膏等が挙げられる。
添加材としては、例えば、ベントナイト、海水性又は淡水性の浚渫粘土、笠岡粘土等の保水材等が挙げられる。Coal ash includes fly ash and clinker ash.
The solidifying material is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance capable of fixing coal ash to each other, and examples thereof include cement and gypsum.
Examples of the additive include water retention materials such as bentonite, seawater or freshwater dredged clay, and Kasaoka clay.

造粒物製造設備１は、原料を混合する混合機１０と、混合機１０により混合された原料を一時的に貯蔵して一定量を流出する第１ホッパー２０と、第１ホッパー２０から流出される原料を運搬するコンベア３０と、コンベア３０から連続運搬される原料を造粒する造粒機４０と、造粒機４０により造粒された造粒物を運搬するコンベア５０とを備える。
造粒物製造設備１は、さらに、所定の粒径未満の細粒粉をコーティング材としてコンベア５０上の湿潤状態の造粒物に散布する粉末付着機６０と、コンベア５０により運搬された造粒物を貯蔵する養生エリア７０と、養生された造粒物が投入される第２ホッパー８０と、第２ホッパー８０から流出される養生後の造粒物を大小に分別する振動スクリーン９０と、所定の粒径以上の造粒物を破砕する破砕機１００と、所定の粒径以下の造粒物を運搬するコンベア１１０と、所定の粒径以下の造粒物を分級する分級機１２０とを備える。The granulated material production equipment 1 includes a mixer 10 for mixing raw materials, a first hopper 20 for temporarily storing the raw materials mixed by the mixer 10 and flowing out a predetermined amount, and a first hopper 20 flowing out of the first hopper 20. A conveyor 30 for conveying raw materials, a granulator 40 for granulating raw materials continuously conveyed from the conveyor 30, and a conveyor 50 for conveying granules granulated by the granulator 40.
The granulated material production equipment 1 further includes a powder adhering machine 60 that scatters fine powder having a particle size smaller than a predetermined particle size as a coating material on the wet granulated material on the conveyor 50, A curing area 70 for storing articles, a second hopper 80 into which the cured granules are put, a vibrating screen 90 for separating the cured granules discharged from the second hopper 80 into large and small, A crusher 100 for crushing granules having a particle size equal to or more than a predetermined particle size, a conveyor 110 for conveying granules having a predetermined particle size or less, and a classifier 120 for classifying granules having a predetermined particle size or less. .

混合機１０は、所定量に計量された各原料が流入される容器１１と、容器１１内部に配置され回転軸を中心として回転する撹拌羽根１２とを備える。
容器１１の上部より、原料として石炭灰、固化材、水、及び添加材が流入される。該原料は、回転する撹拌羽根１２によって混合される。混合された原料は、容器１１の下部に設けられた流出口より、下部に配置された第１ホッパー２０内に流出される。このように造粒前に混合機１０を用いて原料を混合するため、造粒工程において石炭灰、固化材、水、及び添加材を含む原料を確実に混合することができる。The mixer 10 includes a container 11 into which each raw material measured in a predetermined amount flows, and a stirring blade 12 arranged inside the container 11 and rotating around a rotation axis.
From the upper part of the container 11, coal ash, solidified material, water, and additives are flowed as raw materials. The raw materials are mixed by a rotating stirring blade 12. The mixed raw material flows out of the outlet provided in the lower part of the container 11 into the first hopper 20 arranged in the lower part. As described above, since the raw materials are mixed using the mixer 10 before the granulation, the raw materials including the coal ash, the solidified material, the water, and the additive can be surely mixed in the granulation process.

混合機１０によって混合された原料は、第１ホッパー２０内に流入される。第１ホッパー２０は、容器断面が円錐状又は角錐状に形成され、流出口に向かって減少している容器である。
第１ホッパー２０は、混合された原料を一担貯蔵し、流出口よりコンベア３０に対して定量的に供給する。The raw materials mixed by the mixer 10 flow into the first hopper 20. The first hopper 20 is a container whose cross section is formed in a conical or pyramid shape and decreases toward the outlet.
The first hopper 20 collectively stores the mixed raw materials and supplies the mixed raw materials to the conveyor 30 quantitatively from the outlet.

混合された原料は、コンベア３０により運ばれ、造粒機４０に連続して投入される。   The mixed raw materials are conveyed by the conveyor 30 and continuously charged into the granulator 40.

造粒機４０は、所定角度で傾斜されて回転可能に設けられており、前面が開口している円形トレイ状のパン４１と、パン４１を回転させる駆動源（図示せず）とを備える。
このパン４１に混合材料を投入して、水を加えて加湿させながら回転し、核を成長させて、造粒を行う。The granulator 40 is provided so as to be rotatable at a predetermined angle, and includes a circular tray-shaped pan 41 having an open front surface, and a drive source (not shown) for rotating the pan 41.
The mixed material is put into the pan 41, and the mixture is rotated while being humidified by adding water to grow nuclei and perform granulation.

パン４１は、傾斜角度の調整が可能であり、パン４１の傾斜角度や回転速度を変更することにより、造粒される粒子の大きさを調整することができる。
所定の径に造粒された粒子は、遠心力によってパン４１の半径方向の外側に移動する。パン４１の回転中心付近に原料を流入し、水を加え加湿すると、造粒物は粒径が大きくなるにしたがって遠心力によって外周方向に移動する。そして所定の径になると開口部から外部に放出される。
すなわち、原料をコンベア３０から造粒機４０に連続的に流入すると、造粒機４０の外周部から所定の粒径に成長した造粒物が連続的に押し出されていく。
本実施形態で造粒される造粒物の粒径は最大４０ｍｍ程度である。このように、造粒機４０を連続的に回転することにより、所定径の造粒物が連続的に製造される。The tilt angle of the pan 41 can be adjusted, and the size of the granulated particles can be adjusted by changing the tilt angle and the rotation speed of the pan 41.
The particles granulated to a predetermined diameter move to the outside of the pan 41 in the radial direction by centrifugal force. When the raw material flows near the center of rotation of the pan 41 and water is added and humidified, the granulated material moves in the outer peripheral direction by centrifugal force as the particle size increases. Then, when the diameter reaches a predetermined value, it is released from the opening to the outside.
That is, when the raw material continuously flows from the conveyor 30 to the granulator 40, the granulated material having a predetermined particle size is continuously extruded from the outer peripheral portion of the granulator 40.
The particle size of the granulated product in this embodiment is about 40 mm at the maximum. In this way, by continuously rotating the granulator 40, granules having a predetermined diameter are continuously produced.

造粒機４０において所定の粒径（実施形態では４０ｍｍ）に成長して外部に飛び出した湿潤状態の造粒物は、コンベア５０によって運搬される。なお、造粒機４０より飛び出した湿潤状態の造粒物を確実に収集してコンベア５０上に乗せるために、造粒機４０の開口部を覆うフードを設け、フードによって捕獲された湿潤状態の造粒物をコンベア５０上に流すようにしてもよい。   The wet granules that have grown to a predetermined particle size (40 mm in the embodiment) in the granulator 40 and jumped out are conveyed by the conveyor 50. In order to reliably collect the wet granulated matter that has protruded from the granulator 40 and place it on the conveyor 50, a hood that covers the opening of the granulator 40 is provided, and the wet granule captured by the hood is provided. The granulated material may be flowed on the conveyor 50.

粉末付着機６０は、造粒機４０から排出されたコンベア５０上の湿潤状態の造粒物に、所定の粒径未満の細粒粉をコーティング材として散布する装置である。該細粒粉は、養生後の造粒物のうち製品として必要な粒径に満たない粉末である。
粉末付着機６０は、後述する分級機１２０から分級された粒径３ｍｍ未満の細粒粉を貯蔵しており、上記細粒粉をコンベア５０上の湿潤状態の造粒物に上方から散布して付着させることができる。The powder applicator 60 is a device that sprays fine powder having a particle size smaller than a predetermined particle size as a coating material on the wet granules on the conveyor 50 discharged from the granulator 40. The fine-grained powder is a powder that does not have a particle size required as a product among the granules after curing.
The powder applicator 60 stores fine powder having a particle size of less than 3 mm classified by a classifier 120 described below, and sprays the fine powder on the wet granulated material on the conveyor 50 from above. Can be attached.

造粒機４０から排出された造粒物は、固化材等が固まっておらず湿潤状態であるため、造粒物同士が接着及び固着しやすい。これら湿潤状態の造粒物の表面に乾燥した細粒粉を付着させることにより、造粒物同士の接着及び固着を低減することができる。
また、製品として必要な粒径に満たない粉末を廃棄せず回収して、コーティング材として再利用しているため、廃棄物の量を削減することができる。Since the granulated material discharged from the granulator 40 is in a wet state without solidifying material or the like, the granulated materials are easily bonded and fixed to each other. By adhering the dried fine powder to the surface of these wet granules, adhesion and fixation of the granules can be reduced.
In addition, since the powder having a particle size less than the required particle size is collected and reused as a coating material, the amount of waste can be reduced.

細粒粉が付着した造粒物は、コンベア５０により屋根のある養生エリア７０に運搬され、堆積される。
この際、コンベア５０によって運ばれてきた造粒物は、水分を含んでおり、柔軟である。したがって、コンベア５０の端部が高いところに位置して造粒物が長い距離落下すると、造粒物が砕ける場合がある。
このため、本実施形態において、コンベア５０の端部は上下動可能である。そして、造粒物の落下距離が短くなるように、堆積された造粒物の高さに応じて上下する。このようにコンベア５０の端部が造粒物の高さに応じて上下するので、造粒物が砕ける可能性が低減される。The granules to which the fine powder is attached are transported by the conveyor 50 to the curing area 70 having a roof, and are deposited.
At this time, the granulated material transported by the conveyor 50 contains moisture and is flexible. Therefore, when the end of the conveyor 50 is located at a high position and the granulated material falls for a long distance, the granulated material may be broken.
For this reason, in this embodiment, the end of the conveyor 50 can move up and down. And it moves up and down according to the height of the deposited granules so that the fall distance of the granules becomes short. Since the end of the conveyor 50 moves up and down in accordance with the height of the granulated material, the possibility that the granulated material is broken is reduced.

コンベア５０の端部の上下動は、手動であってもよいが、センサー等を設けて、堆積された造粒物の高さを検知して、自動的に上下動するようにしてもよい。
さらに、養生エリアの収容量も限界がある。したがって、養生エリア７０の収容量が満杯になったときに、コンベア５０の端部は、別の養生エリアへと運搬先が変更可能なように、水平方向に可動であってもよい。Up-and-down movement of the end of the conveyor 50 may be manual, but a sensor or the like may be provided to detect the height of the deposited granules and automatically move up and down.
Furthermore, the capacity of the curing area is also limited. Therefore, when the capacity of the curing area 70 becomes full, the end of the conveyor 50 may be movable in the horizontal direction so that the transport destination can be changed to another curing area.

養生エリア７０において、造粒物は数日から数週間程度の自然乾燥により養生される。   In the curing area 70, the granules are cured by natural drying for several days to several weeks.

養生エリア７０において養生された造粒物は、第２ホッパー８０を経て、振動スクリーン９０に運搬される。振動スクリーン９０は、篩網を備える傾斜したトラフに機械的な振動を与えることにより、造粒物を運搬しながら篩い分ける装置である。振動スクリーン９０により、造粒物は粒径が４０ｍｍ以下のものと４０ｍｍを超えるものとに分別される。   The granulated material cured in the curing area 70 is transported to the vibrating screen 90 via the second hopper 80. The vibrating screen 90 is a device that sieves while conveying granulated material by applying mechanical vibration to an inclined trough provided with a sieve net. The vibrating screen 90 separates the granulated material into particles having a particle size of 40 mm or less and particles having a particle size of more than 40 mm.

粒径が４０ｍｍを超える上記造粒物は、破砕機１００に運搬されて破砕される。破砕された造粒物は、再び第２ホッパー８０へ流入されて、振動スクリーン９０により篩い分けられる。   The granulated material having a particle size exceeding 40 mm is transported to the crusher 100 and crushed. The crushed granules flow into the second hopper 80 again and are sieved by the vibrating screen 90.

粒径が４０ｍｍ以下の上記の造粒物は、コンベア１１０により運搬されて、分級機１２０に投入される。分級機１２０は、多段式振動篩機であり、網目の内径が３ｍｍ、１０ｍｍ、１８ｍｍ、２４ｍｍ、及び４０ｍｍの篩いを備える。分級機１２０を用いて分級された３ｍｍ〜４０ｍｍの造粒物が製品となり、用途に応じて適切な粒径のものが出荷される。   The above-mentioned granulated product having a particle size of 40 mm or less is conveyed by a conveyor 110 and charged into a classifier 120. The classifier 120 is a multi-stage vibrating sieve, and includes sieves having mesh inner diameters of 3 mm, 10 mm, 18 mm, 24 mm, and 40 mm. Granules of 3 mm to 40 mm classified using the classifier 120 become products, and those having an appropriate particle size according to the intended use are shipped.

分級機１２０の全ての篩を通過した製品として必要な粒径に満たない３ｍｍ未満の細粒粉は、回収されて粉末付着機６０に貯蔵される。そして、上述したように、コーティング材として、造粒機４０から排出された湿潤状態の造粒物に散布される。   Fine powder having a particle size of less than 3 mm less than the particle size required as a product passing through all the sieves of the classifier 120 is collected and stored in the powder attaching machine 60. Then, as described above, the coating material is sprayed on the wet granules discharged from the granulator 40.

ここで、細粒粉を造粒物に付着する工程がない従来の造粒物の製造方法においては、養生エリアに堆積された湿潤状態の造粒物同士が付着した状態で固化して塊となる。このため、塊を分解する工程が必要である。分解工程において、塊になる前の各造粒物にうまく分解できない場合は、形状が歪であり、所望の粒径から外れた造粒物が製造されることになる。また、造粒物同士が強固に固着しているため塊を分解できない場合は、塊を破砕機に投入して、粒径が４０ｍｍ以下になるように破砕しなければならない。上記分解工程及び破砕工程において、造粒物の一部が粉砕されて細粒粉が発生するため、歩留まりが低下する。   Here, in a conventional method for producing granulated material without a step of attaching fine powder to the granulated material, the wet granulated material deposited in the curing area solidifies in a state where the granulated material adheres to each other and forms a lump. Become. For this reason, a step of decomposing the lump is necessary. In the decomposition step, if it is not possible to decompose the granules into agglomerates before being formed into a lump, the shape is distorted, and granules having a desired particle size are produced. If the granules cannot be decomposed because the granules are firmly adhered to each other, the mass must be introduced into a crusher and crushed so that the particle size becomes 40 mm or less. In the decomposition step and the crushing step, a part of the granulated material is pulverized to generate fine powder, so that the yield is reduced.

一方、本実施形態に係る造粒物の製造方法においては、造粒物の表面全体に細粒粉が付着しているため、堆積された造粒物同士の接着及び固着を抑制することができる。
塊の発生を抑えることができるため、上述した分解工程が不要であり、かつ、より多くの所望の形状及び粒径の造粒物を製造することができ、製造効率が向上する。
また、分解工程が不要であり、かつ、破砕機への造粒物の投入量を減らすことができるため、分解工程や破砕工程で発生する細粒粉を抑えることができ、歩留まりが向上する。
さらに、製品として必要な粒径に満たない細粒粉を廃棄せずコーティング材として繰り返し利用するため、廃棄物の量が減少する。On the other hand, in the method for manufacturing a granulated product according to the present embodiment, since the fine powder is attached to the entire surface of the granulated product, it is possible to suppress adhesion and fixation of the deposited granulated products. .
Since the generation of lumps can be suppressed, the above-described decomposition step is unnecessary, and more granules having desired shapes and particle diameters can be produced, thereby improving production efficiency.
In addition, since a decomposition step is not required and the amount of the granulated material charged into the crusher can be reduced, fine powder generated in the decomposition step and the crushing step can be suppressed, and the yield is improved.
Further, fine powder less than the particle size required for the product is repeatedly used as a coating material without being discarded, so that the amount of waste is reduced.

以上、本発明の実施形態について説明したが、本発明は、上述の実施形態に制限されるものではなく、適宜変更が可能である。
例えば、所定の粒径未満の細粒粉をコーティング材として利用する以外にも、造粒物の原料として混合機１０に投入して、再利用してもよい。As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately changed.
For example, in addition to using a fine powder having a particle size smaller than a predetermined particle size as a coating material, the fine powder may be introduced into the mixer 10 as a raw material of a granulated product and reused.

上記細粒粉の発生率は、石炭灰の表面の状態、水分量等の造粒条件により変化する。ただし、石炭火力発電所から発生する石炭灰については、その表面の状態にばらつきがあるため、細粒粉の発生を抑えることは困難である。このため、造粒物の歩留まりが安定しない。
製品として必要な粒径に満たない細粒粉を繰り返し原料として利用することにより、歩留まりを向上及び安定化することができる。The rate of occurrence of the fine powder varies depending on the condition of the surface of the coal ash and the granulation conditions such as the amount of water. However, as for coal ash generated from coal-fired power plants, it is difficult to suppress the generation of fine-grained powder because the surface condition varies. For this reason, the yield of granules is not stable.
The yield can be improved and stabilized by repeatedly using fine-grained powder having a particle size less than that required as a product as a raw material.

１ 造粒物製造設備
１０ 混合機
１１ 容器
１２ 撹拌羽根
２０ 第１ホッパー
３０ コンベア
４０ 造粒機
４１ パン
５０ コンベア
６０ 粉末付着機
７０ 養生エリア
８０ 第２ホッパー
９０ 振動スクリーン
１００ 破砕機
１１０ コンベア
１２０ 分級機DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Granulated material manufacturing equipment 10 Mixer 11 Container 12 Stirring blade 20 First hopper 30 Conveyor 40 Granulator 41 Pan 50 Conveyor 60 Powder adhesion machine 70 Curing area 80 Second hopper 90 Vibrating screen 100 Crusher 110 Conveyor 120 Classifier

Claims (6)

石炭灰、固化材、及び水を含む原料を造粒する造粒物製造設備であって、
前記原料を造粒し、湿潤状態の造粒物を排出する造粒機と、
養生後の前記造粒物のうち所定の粒径未満の細粒粉を一旦貯蔵して、前記造粒機から排出された湿潤状態の前記造粒物に付着させる粉末付着機と、
を備える造粒物製造設備。Coal ash, solidified material, and granulated material production equipment for granulating raw materials including water,
A granulator for granulating the raw material and discharging wet granules,
A powder adhering device for temporarily storing fine-grained powder having a particle size smaller than a predetermined particle size in the granulated material after curing, and adhering to the wet granulated material discharged from the granulator,
Granulation production equipment equipped with 前記原料が、養生後の前記造粒物のうち所定の粒径未満の細粒粉をさらに含む請求項１に記載の造粒物製造設備。   The granulated material manufacturing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the raw material further includes a fine powder having a particle size smaller than a predetermined particle size in the granulated material after curing. 養生後の前記造粒物を分級する分級機をさらに備える請求項１又は２に記載の造粒物製造設備。   The granule production equipment according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a classifier for classifying the cured granules. 石炭灰、固化材、及び水を含む原料を造粒機に投入する工程と、
前記造粒機により前記原料を造粒し、湿潤状態の造粒物を排出する工程と、
養生後の前記造粒物のうち所定の粒径未満の細粒粉を、前記造粒機から排出された湿潤状態の前記造粒物に付着させる工程と、を含む造粒物の製造方法。A step of feeding a raw material containing coal ash, solidified material, and water to a granulator,
Granulating the raw material by the granulator, and discharging the wet granules,
Adhering fine-grained powder having a particle size smaller than a predetermined particle size to the wet granulated material discharged from the granulator out of the cured granulated material. 前記原料が、養生後の前記造粒物のうち所定の粒径未満の細粒粉をさらに含む請求項４に記載の造粒物の製造方法。   The method for producing a granulated product according to claim 4, wherein the raw material further includes a fine powder having a particle size smaller than a predetermined particle size in the granulated product after curing. 養生後の前記造粒物を分級する工程をさらに含む請求項４又は５に記載の造粒物の製造方法。   The method for producing a granulated product according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising a step of classifying the granulated product after curing.
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