JPWO2012133026A1 - CO2 spraying device - Google Patents

CO2 spraying device Download PDF

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JPWO2012133026A1
JPWO2012133026A1 JP2013507419A JP2013507419A JPWO2012133026A1 JP WO2012133026 A1 JPWO2012133026 A1 JP WO2012133026A1 JP 2013507419 A JP2013507419 A JP 2013507419A JP 2013507419 A JP2013507419 A JP 2013507419A JP WO2012133026 A1 JPWO2012133026 A1 JP WO2012133026A1
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irrigation pipe
pipe
irrigation
spraying device
plant
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慶太 藤原
慶太 藤原
幸孝 吉田
幸孝 吉田
史郎 上妻
史郎 上妻
憲央 藤井
憲央 藤井
昌美 石原
昌美 石原
堅 大島
堅 大島
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小谷 一
小谷 一
慶太 藤原
慶太 藤原
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/02—Treatment of plants with carbon dioxide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
    • A01G27/005—Reservoirs connected to flower-pots through conduits

Abstract

【課題】新たな配管を必要とせず、安価で簡便にＣＯ２施用ができるＣＯ２散布装置を提供する。【解決手段】ＣＯ２の供給路１と給水路２の先に三方弁Ｖを介して潅水パイプ３を接続し、ＣＯ２施用時は潅水パイプ３からＣＯ２を散布し、潅水時は潅水パイプ３から水を散布する。この切換をＣＯ２センサからのデータに従い自動で行うとよい。また、前記潅水パイプ３を市販のポーラスパイプにして、このポーラスパイプを地面より浮上させて支持すると共に、栽培施設内の植物の葉の裏の気孔の近傍に配置するとよい。The present invention provides a CO2 spraying device that does not require new piping and can be applied CO2 inexpensively and easily. An irrigation pipe 3 is connected to a tip of a CO2 supply path 1 and a water supply path 2 via a three-way valve V, and CO2 is sprayed from the irrigation pipe 3 when CO2 is applied, and water is supplied from the irrigation pipe 3 at the time of irrigation. Spray. This switching may be performed automatically according to data from the CO2 sensor. In addition, the irrigation pipe 3 may be a commercially available porous pipe, and the porous pipe is supported by being floated from the ground, and is disposed in the vicinity of the pores behind the leaves of the plants in the cultivation facility.

Description

本発明は、植物工場や施設園芸場（ビニールハウス）等の閉鎖的な空間や露地農場等へ光合成に必要なＣＯ２を既存の潅水パイプを利用して散布する装置に関する。The present invention relates to an apparatus for spraying CO 2 required for photosynthesis to a closed space such as a plant factory or a facility garden (plastic greenhouse) or an open-air farm using an existing irrigation pipe.

植物工場や施設園芸場は、炭酸同化作用を営む植物の生育を促進させるため、炭酸ガスボンベ等に充填した液化炭酸ガスを気化して供給するか、あるいは施設内の冷・暖房に使用しているＬＰＧ、灯油等の化石燃料の燃焼により燃焼器等が発生するＣＯ２を含んだ排気ガスを供給するなどして、施設内の炭酸ガス濃度を高めている。そのためＣＯ２を供給する配管が必要で高額な設備投資を必要としていた。また施設内の温度が上昇する際には、燃焼機器を停止させ、ハウスの天井や側面の窓を開放しなければならず、光合成が活発に行われる昼間や夏場にＣＯ２施用が十分行われない状況であった。Plant factories and horticultural horticultural gardens supply liquefied carbon dioxide filled in carbon dioxide gas cylinders, etc. to promote the growth of plants that perform carbon assimilation, or are used for cooling and heating in facilities The concentration of carbon dioxide in the facility is increased by supplying exhaust gas containing CO 2 generated by a combustor or the like by combustion of fossil fuels such as LPG and kerosene. For this reason, piping for supplying CO 2 is necessary, which requires expensive capital investment. When the temperature in the facility rises, combustion equipment must be stopped and the ceiling and side windows of the house must be opened, so that CO 2 is sufficiently applied during daytime and summer when photosynthesis is active. There was no situation.

この問題を解決するため、例えば特許文献１〜３に示すように、炭酸ガスを溶解させた溶液を植物に散布する方法が提案されている。このように炭酸ガスを含む溶液を散布することで、既設の潅水用の配管が利用でき、新たな配管を必要としないので、安価で簡便にＣＯ２を散布できる。
しかしＣＯ２施用に当たっては、植物によって光合成に最も効果のある時間帯が異なる。そのため前記の炭酸ガス溶液を散布する従来方法では、潅水とＣＯ２を同時に供給せざるを得ないため、対象となる植物に応じて最も効果のある時間帯を個別に選んでＣＯ２施用だけを単独に行うことができないという問題があった。In order to solve this problem, for example, as shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3, a method of spraying a solution in which carbon dioxide gas is dissolved over plants has been proposed. By spraying the solution containing carbon dioxide in this way, existing piping for irrigation can be used, and no new piping is required. Therefore, CO 2 can be sprayed easily and inexpensively.
However, when CO 2 is applied, the time zone most effective for photosynthesis differs depending on the plant. Therefore, in the conventional method in which the carbon dioxide solution is sprayed, irrigation and CO 2 must be supplied at the same time, so that the most effective time zone is selected individually according to the target plant and only CO 2 is applied. There was a problem that it could not be done alone.

特開平８−８４５３０号公報JP-A-8-84530 特開平９−２１５４４９号公報JP 9-215449 A 特開２０１０−２２号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-22

本発明が解決しようとする問題点は、設備投資抑制という制約下でＣＯ２の効果的供給が犠牲となっている点である。本発明は、新たな配管を必要とせずに、しかも安価で簡便なＣＯ２散布が可能な装置を提供することを目的とする。The problem to be solved by the present invention is that the effective supply of CO 2 is sacrificed under the constraint of restraining capital investment. It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus that does not require new piping and that can perform CO 2 spraying at low cost and with ease.

そのため本発明は、栽培施設内の植物へのＣＯ２施用に当たり、給水路に接続し上記植物に潅水する潅水パイプの接続先をＣＯ２の供給路に切換え、この潅水パイプからＣＯ２を散布することを最も主要な特徴とする。
前記潅水パイプにポーラスパイプを用い、このポーラスパイプを、地面より浮上させて、植物の気孔近傍に配置してもよい。
上記栽培施設は、植物を栽培する施設のことであり、植物工場や施設園芸場（ビニールハウス）等の閉鎖的な空間のみならず露地農場等の開放的な空間をも含む。Therefore, according to the present invention, when CO 2 is applied to the plant in the cultivation facility, the connection destination of the irrigation pipe connected to the water supply channel and irrigating the plant is switched to the CO 2 supply channel, and CO 2 is sprayed from the irrigation pipe. This is the main feature.
A porous pipe may be used as the irrigation pipe, and the porous pipe may be levitated from the ground and disposed near the plant pores.
The cultivation facility is a facility for cultivating a plant, and includes not only a closed space such as a plant factory or a facility garden (plastic greenhouse) but also an open space such as an open-air farm.

本発明は、給水路に接続し植物に潅水する潅水パイプの接続元をＣＯ２の供給路に切換え、この潅水パイプから水に代えてＣＯ２を散布する。このため新たな配管や散布用の器具を必要とせず、既設の潅水用の配管や潅水パイプを利用できるので、ＣＯ２施用に掛かる経費を大幅に軽減できる。
特に、潅水パイプをポーラスパイプにし、これを地面より浮上させて、植物の葉の裏の気孔近傍に配置すると、植物に効率よくＣＯ２を供給できるので、ＣＯ２の消費量を一層抑制できる。In the present invention, the connection source of the irrigation pipe connected to the water supply path and irrigating the plant is switched to the CO 2 supply path, and CO 2 is sprayed instead of water from the irrigation pipe. This eliminates the need for new piping and spraying equipment, and allows the use of existing irrigation piping and irrigation pipes, thereby significantly reducing the cost of CO 2 application.
In particular, the irrigation pipe is a porous pipe, which are floated from the ground, placing on the back of the pores near the leaves of the plant, can be supplied efficiently CO 2 to a plant, it can be further suppressed consumption of CO 2.

本発明を実施したＣＯ２散布装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the CO2 spraying apparatus which implemented this invention. 潅水パイプ（ＣＯ２散布用パイプ）の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the irrigation pipe (CO 2 spray pipe). 地面より突出した支持具により潅水パイプを支持した状態の図である。It is a figure of the state which supported the irrigation pipe with the support tool protruded from the ground. 吊下具で潅水パイプを吊下した状態の図である。It is a figure of the state which suspended the irrigation pipe with the hanging tool.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

図１に、本発明を実施したＣＯ２散布装置の構成図を示す。
ＣＯ２散布装置は、ＣＯ２の供給路１と給水路２の先に三方弁Ｖを介して潅水パイプ３を接続し、ＣＯ２施用時は潅水パイプ３からＣＯ２を散布し、潅水時は潅水パイプ３から水を散布する。このとき三方弁Ｖに市販品を転用すれば、装置の信頼性を高め、製造コストを抑制できる。Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a CO 2 spraying apparatus embodying the present invention.
The CO 2 spraying device connects the irrigation pipe 3 to the tip of the CO 2 supply path 1 and the water supply path 2 via a three-way valve V, and sprays CO 2 from the irrigation pipe 3 when CO 2 is applied. Water is sprayed from the irrigation pipe 3. At this time, if a commercially available product is diverted to the three-way valve V, the reliability of the apparatus can be improved and the manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

ＣＯ２の供給路１は、ボイラや発電所・工場等のＣＯ２排出源１１から排出された排気ガスをコンプレッサ１２で圧縮していったん貯蔵容器１３に貯留し、貯蔵容器１３の先に三方弁Ｖを介して潅水パイプ３を接続する。貯蔵容器１３内のＣＯ２が不足した際は、液化炭酸ガスの入ったＣＯ２ボンベ１４からＣＯ２を補充し、ガス切れを防止する。ＣＯ２はいったん貯蔵容器１３に貯留せず、直接ＣＯ２排出源１１やＣＯ２ボンベ１４から三方弁Ｖを介して潅水パイプ３に供給してもよい。The CO 2 supply path 1 compresses exhaust gas discharged from a CO 2 emission source 11 such as a boiler, a power plant, or a factory by a compressor 12 and temporarily stores it in a storage container 13. The irrigation pipe 3 is connected via V. When the CO 2 in the storage container 13 is insufficient, CO 2 is replenished from the CO 2 cylinder 14 containing the liquefied carbon dioxide gas to prevent the gas from running out. CO 2 may not be temporarily stored in the storage container 13 but may be directly supplied to the irrigation pipe 3 from the CO 2 emission source 11 or the CO 2 cylinder 14 via the three-way valve V.

給水路２は、給水タンクＴの水をポンプＰで汲み出し、水に含まれる微粒子をフィルタＦで除去し、フィルタＦの先に三方弁Ｖを介して潅水パイプ３を接続する。   In the water supply channel 2, water in the water supply tank T is pumped out by a pump P, particulates contained in the water are removed by a filter F, and an irrigation pipe 3 is connected to the tip of the filter F via a three-way valve V.

潅水パイプ３には、潅水用として市販されているものを使用する。例えば、図２（ａ）に示すようなパイプ３側面に通孔３ａを開けて散布する方式のものを使用する。あるいは、図２（ｂ）に示すような市販のポーラスパイプを使用する。このポーラスパイプは、全周に亘り多数の微細な孔３ｂが同じ分布密度で形成された潅水用のパイプである。このような潅水パイプ３を栽培ベッド又は培土の上に直接敷設し、孔から滲み出る水によって培土に湿り気を持たせる。
ポーラスパイプは、低水圧、小水量で潅水できるメリットがある他、パイプ側面に通孔を開けて散布する方式のパイプと比べると、根本から遠方まで均一にＣＯ２を散布することができる。
また、潅水パイプ３は、ＣＯ２散布との併用により、潅水時に水に含まれる微粒子によって目詰まりを起こした場合、ＣＯ２を含む気体の流れによって、内壁に付着残留した沈澱微粒子の剥離洗浄が可能になる。As the irrigation pipe 3, a commercially available product for irrigation is used. For example, the thing of the system which opens the through-hole 3a on the side surface of the pipe 3 as shown in FIG. Alternatively, a commercially available porous pipe as shown in FIG. This porous pipe is a pipe for irrigation in which many fine holes 3b are formed with the same distribution density over the entire circumference. Such an irrigation pipe 3 is directly laid on a cultivation bed or cultivation soil, and the cultivation soil is moistened by water that oozes out from the hole.
Porous pipes have the advantage that they can be irrigated with a low water pressure and a small amount of water, and can spread CO 2 uniformly from the root to the far side compared to pipes that are spread by opening through holes on the side of the pipe.
In addition, when the irrigation pipe 3 is clogged with fine particles contained in water during irrigation due to the combined use of CO 2 spraying, the fine particles contained in the water can be separated and washed by the flow of gas containing CO 2. It becomes possible.

以上の構成に加えて制御手段を設け、ＣＯ２施用時間帯、あるいはＣＯ２センサによりＣＯ２濃度の低下を検出したときは、三方弁Ｖの給水路２方向の弁を閉じ、ＣＯ２の供給路１方向の弁を開いて潅水パイプ３に貯蔵容器１３に貯留したＣＯ２を含む排気ガスを送り込み、栽培ベッド上に敷設した潅水パイプ３から上方に向けてＣＯ２を散布する。これにより植物がＣＯ２を吸収する葉の裏へ効率的にＣＯ２を散布することができる。また、植物の直近だけにＣＯ２を散布できるため、少ないＣＯ２で済み、ＣＯ２消費量を抑制できる。潅水時は、三方弁Ｖを操作して、ＣＯ２の供給路１方向の弁を閉じ、給水路２方向の弁を開いて、潅水パイプ３に給水タンクＴの水を送り込み、潅水パイプ３から水を流出させる。
植物の作付け領域に作業用の通路など植物が作付けられていない空白のエリアが設けられている場合には、通常のビニール製またはゴム製のホースなどを使用して空白エリアを横切り、潅水パイプ３は植え付け領域だけに設置する。そしてこれらを一連に接続して水やＣＯ２を供給すれば、植物がない空白のエリアに無駄な放出を行わずに済み、作付け領域に集中して水やＣＯ２を供給でき効率が良い。In addition to the above configuration, a control means is provided, and when the CO 2 concentration is detected by the CO 2 application time zone or the CO 2 sensor, the valve in the direction of the water supply channel 2 of the three-way valve V is closed to supply the CO 2 The valve in the direction of the path 1 is opened, exhaust gas containing CO 2 stored in the storage container 13 is sent into the irrigation pipe 3, and CO 2 is sprayed upward from the irrigation pipe 3 laid on the cultivation bed. This makes it possible to spread efficiently CO 2 to the back of the leaf plants to absorb CO 2. Moreover, since CO 2 can be sprayed only in the immediate vicinity of the plant, only a small amount of CO 2 is required, and CO 2 consumption can be suppressed. At the time of irrigation, the three-way valve V is operated, the valve in the CO 2 supply path 1 direction is closed, the valve in the water supply path 2 direction is opened, and the water in the water supply tank T is sent to the irrigation pipe 3. Allow water to drain.
When a blank area where no plant is planted, such as a work passage, is provided in the planting area, a normal vinyl or rubber hose is used to cross the blank area and the irrigation pipe 3 Install only in the planting area. If these are connected in series and water and CO 2 are supplied, it is not necessary to perform wasteful discharge to a blank area where there are no plants, and water and CO 2 can be supplied concentrated in the planting area, which is efficient.

上記潅水パイプ３は接地させる他、ポーラスパイプを使用し栽培ベッド又は培土から数センチメートル〜十数センチメートル程度浮上させて植物の葉の裏の気孔の近傍に配置させてもよい。例えば、図３に示すような支持具４を複数個所定間隔で配置して、これの上にポーラスパイプ３を支持する。あるいは、図４に示すように柱６などに固定した吊下具５を複数個所定間隔で配置して、これによってポーラスパイプ３を吊下する。
このような構成にすると、植物に効率よくＣＯ２を供給できるので、ＣＯ２の供給量を抑制できる。In addition to grounding the irrigation pipe 3, a porous pipe may be used to float about several centimeters to several tens of centimeters from the cultivation bed or soil, and may be disposed in the vicinity of the pores behind the leaves of the plant. For example, a plurality of supports 4 as shown in FIG. 3 are arranged at a predetermined interval, and the porous pipe 3 is supported thereon. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of suspension tools 5 fixed to the pillar 6 or the like are arranged at a predetermined interval, and thereby the porous pipe 3 is suspended.
With such a configuration, can be supplied efficiently CO 2 to a plant, it is possible to suppress the supply amount of CO 2.

１ ＣＯ２の供給路
１１ ＣＯ２排出源
１２ コンプレッサ
１３ 貯蔵容器
１４ ＣＯ２ボンベ
２ 給水路
３ 潅水パイプ
Ｆ フィルタ
Ｐ ポンプ
Ｔ 給水タンク
Ｖ 三方弁1 supply passage CO 2 11 CO 2 emission sources 12 compressor 13 the storage container 14 CO 2 cylinder 2 water supply passage 3 irrigation pipe F filter P pump T water tank V-way valve

Claims (5)

栽培施設内の植物へのＣＯ２施用に当たり、
給水路に接続し上記植物に潅水する潅水パイプの接続先をＣＯ２の供給路に切換え、
この潅水パイプからＣＯ２を散布することを特徴とするＣＯ２散布装置。In applying CO 2 to plants in cultivation facilities,
The connection destination of the irrigation pipe connected to the water supply channel and irrigating the plant is switched to the CO 2 supply channel,
A CO 2 spraying device that sprays CO 2 from the irrigation pipe. 前記潅水パイプの接続先の切換えに三方弁を用いたことを特徴とする請求項１記載のＣＯ２散布装置。The CO 2 spraying device according to claim 1, wherein a three-way valve is used for switching the connection destination of the irrigation pipe. 前記潅水パイプにポーラスパイプを用いたことを特徴とする請求項１記載のＣＯ２散布装置。The CO 2 spraying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a porous pipe is used as the irrigation pipe. 前記ポーラスパイプを、地面より浮上させて、植物の気孔近傍に配置することを特徴とする請求項３に記載のＣＯ２散布装置。4. The CO 2 spraying device according to claim 3, wherein the porous pipe is floated from the ground and disposed in the vicinity of a plant pore. 5. 前記三方弁の開閉を制御する制御手段を設け、
前記栽培施設内にＣＯ２センサを配置し、
栽培施設内のＣＯ２濃度が所定以下になった際に、上記制御手段が三方弁を制御して潅水パイプの接続先をＣＯ２の供給路に切換えることを特徴とする請求項２に記載のＣＯ２散布装置。Providing a control means for controlling the opening and closing of the three-way valve;
A CO 2 sensor is arranged in the cultivation facility,
When the CO 2 concentration in the cultivation site becomes a predetermined or less, according to the destination of the irrigation pipe the control means controls the three-way valve to claim 2, characterized in that switching to the supply path of the CO 2 CO 2 spraying device.
JP2013507419A 2011-03-25 2012-03-21 CO2 spraying device Pending JPWO2012133026A1 (en)

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