JPS63253921A - Liquid crystal element - Google Patents
Liquid crystal elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63253921A JPS63253921A JP8798587A JP8798587A JPS63253921A JP S63253921 A JPS63253921 A JP S63253921A JP 8798587 A JP8798587 A JP 8798587A JP 8798587 A JP8798587 A JP 8798587A JP S63253921 A JPS63253921 A JP S63253921A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- transparent electrode
- oriented films
- alignment
- methylene chain
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005262 ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 cyanide compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004986 Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLC) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005621 ferroelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は液晶ディスプレー例えば、コンピューター、ワ
ープロ等の表示装置、高品位テレビジョン等に用いられ
る液晶表示素子に関するものである。更に詳しくいえば
、これら液晶表示素子の導電基板上に積層される配向膜
に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element used in, for example, display devices for computers, word processors, high-definition televisions, and the like. More specifically, it relates to an alignment film laminated on a conductive substrate of these liquid crystal display elements.
（従来技術）
従来、時計や電卓等に使用されている液晶素子はネマチ
ック液晶をねじれ構造にしたツィスティッドネマチック
（ＴＮ）モードによる表示が主流である。このモードの
応答速度は、現状では２０ミリ秒が限度である。(Prior Art) Conventionally, liquid crystal elements used in watches, calculators, and the like are mainly displayed in twisted nematic (TN) mode, which is a twisted structure of nematic liquid crystal. The response speed of this mode is currently limited to 20 milliseconds.
これに対して高速応答性のある強誘電性液晶が新しいデ
ィスプレーの分野を拓くものとして期待され、研究がな
されている。In response, ferroelectric liquid crystals with high-speed response are expected to open up a new field of displays and are being studied.
ところでこれらの強誘電性液晶材料を使用した素子は、
液晶分子を基板面に平行なある優先方位にそろえて配列
させることが重要である。By the way, elements using these ferroelectric liquid crystal materials are
It is important to align the liquid crystal molecules in a certain preferred direction parallel to the substrate surface.
公知の強誘電性液晶配向方法は、強磁場の印加或いはず
シ応力の利用がある。しかしこれらの方一
法は生産プロセス上実用性が乏しい。また描出等はスイ
ーサエツジからの配向を提案している（「自然」／り／
３年７月号、第３４頁〜第ａｔ頁、及び［オプトロニク
ス（ＯＰＴＲＯＮＩＣ８）Ｊ ／り♂３年９月号、第、
＜４を頁〜第２０頁参照。）。Known methods for aligning ferroelectric liquid crystals include the application of a strong magnetic field or the use of magnetic stress. However, these methods are not practical in terms of production process. In addition, the orientation for depiction etc. is proposed from the Sweet Edge (``Nature''/Ri/
July 3rd issue, pages 34 to at, and [OPTRONIC8] J/RI♂September 3rd issue,
<See page 4 to page 20. ).
これも一様な配向を達成できる領域がエツジから７００
μｍまでと狭く、実用化の面ではまだ不充分である。Again, the area where uniform orientation can be achieved is 700 from the edge.
It is narrow, down to μm, and is still insufficient for practical use.
他方、従来のネマチック液晶やコレステリック液晶の配
向制御に用いられている酸化ケイ素（Ｓ ｉｏ）の斜方
蒸着（特公昭よな−１２０６７号公報参照）ポリイミド
等の塗布（特開昭、４／−／Ｊ’４？Ｊ、２号参照）を
行い、特定の布等モラビングする方法がとられているが
強誘電性液晶の場合十分に一様な配向が得られない。最
近、ポリイミド系樹脂を真空中で蒸着重合した膜（特開
昭６／−／３ｄ”９λ４ｔ）やグロー放電により形成し
たポリイミド膜（特開昭ｊ／−２／９０λ９）を配向膜
として使用する方法が開示さＫているがこれらの方法で
も必ずしも十分に配向せずコントラストの低下が問題と
なる。On the other hand, oblique evaporation of silicon oxide (Sio) (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 12067) and coating of polyimide (Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2006-120303), which are used to control the orientation of conventional nematic liquid crystals and cholesteric liquid crystals. /J'4?J, No. 2) and moraving with a specific cloth, etc. However, in the case of ferroelectric liquid crystals, sufficiently uniform alignment cannot be obtained. Recently, films formed by vapor deposition polymerization of polyimide resin in vacuum (JP-A-6/-/3D"9λ4t) and polyimide films formed by glow discharge (JP-A-J/-2/90λ9) have been used as alignment films. Although several methods have been disclosed, even these methods do not always provide sufficient orientation and there is a problem of a decrease in contrast.
（発明の目的）
本発明は透明導電膜を有す一対の基板間に強誘電性液晶
を均一に配向させ、高コントラストの液晶表示素子を提
供することである。(Objective of the Invention) The object of the present invention is to uniformly align ferroelectric liquid crystal between a pair of substrates having transparent conductive films, thereby providing a high-contrast liquid crystal display element.
（発明の構成）
透明電極上に配向膜を設けた２枚の透明電極基板を配向
膜を内側にして配置しその間に液晶を封入してなる液晶
表示素子において、該配向膜の少なくとも一方に一般式
［Ｉ］から選ばれる化合物のプラズマ重合により形成さ
れた膜を使用することによシ、上記目的が達せられるこ
とが分った。(Structure of the Invention) In a liquid crystal display element in which two transparent electrode substrates each having an alignment film provided on a transparent electrode are arranged with the alignment film inside, and a liquid crystal is sealed between them, at least one of the alignment films has a general It has been found that the above object can be achieved by using a membrane formed by plasma polymerization of a compound selected from formula [I].
一般式〔°■〕
ＣＮ −Ｘ −ＣＮ
ここにＸは、炭素原子／〜♂のメチレン鎖、オキシエチ
レン鎖、イオウ、チッソ原子を少なくとも７つ含むメチ
レン鎖あるいは芳香環を表わす。General formula [°■] CN -X -CN Here, X represents a methylene chain of carbon atoms/♂, an oxyethylene chain, a methylene chain containing at least 7 sulfur or nitrogen atoms, or an aromatic ring.
上記シアン化合物のプラズマ重合法に関しては、通常の
プラズマ重合法を用いればよく、その方法は例えば［プ
ラズマ重合法による高分子薄膜の製造丁（小林弘明；化
学の領域増刊７７７号ｊり頁）「Ｇｌｏｗ Ｄｉｓｃｈ
ａｒｇｅ ＰｏｌｙｍｅｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎＪ（Ｈ，Ｙａ
ｓｕｄａ ： Ｊ、 Ｐｏｌｙｍｅｒ Ｓｃｉ 、 Ｐ
ａｒｔ Ｄ。Regarding the plasma polymerization method of the above-mentioned cyanide compound, a normal plasma polymerization method may be used, and the method is described, for example, in [Production of Polymer Thin Films by Plasma Polymerization Method (Hiroaki Kobayashi, Chemistry Area Special Issue No. 777, p. Glow Disch
arge PolymerizationJ(H, Ya
suda: J, Polymer Sci, P
art D.
Ｍａｃｒｏｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒ Ｒｅｖｉｅｗｓ、 ｖ
ｏｌ、 ／ ｔ 。Macromolecular Reviews, v
ol,/t.
／タターＪＰｊ （／り／／））などに詳細に示されて
いる。/Tata JPj (/ri//)) and others.
プラズマ重合膜の厚さは１ｏｏｈ−ｔｏｏｏＡ程度がの
ぞましく透明電極上に直接設けてもよく、透明電極の上
に電気絶縁層など他の機能を有す膜を設け、この層の上
に配向膜として上記シアン化合物のプラズマ重合膜を設
けてもよい。The thickness of the plasma-polymerized film is preferably about 1 ooh-too-A, and it may be provided directly on the transparent electrode, or a film with other functions such as an electrically insulating layer is provided on the transparent electrode, and then a film with other functions such as an electrically insulating layer is provided on the transparent electrode. A plasma polymerized film of the above cyanide compound may be provided as the alignment film.
絶縁膜としては有機ポリマー系、無機化合物系いずれを
用いても支障はない。There is no problem in using either an organic polymer type or an inorganic compound type as the insulating film.
プラズマ重合膜は一対の透明電極基板の夫々に設けても
よいし一方の基板のみに設け、他方の基板はツイストネ
マティックモードに通常よく用いられている配向膜、例
えばポリイミド、ポリアミド、ポリビニルアルコール、
などを用いても液晶の配向性は良好であることがわかっ
た。The plasma polymerized film may be provided on each of the pair of transparent electrode substrates, or may be provided on only one substrate, and the other substrate may be made of an alignment film commonly used in twisted nematic mode, such as polyimide, polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol,
It was found that the alignment of the liquid crystal was good even when using the following methods.
配向膜はナイロン、ポリエステル、ポリアクリロニトリ
ルの様な合成繊維、綿、羊毛のような天然繊維でラビン
グすることが好ましく特に弱いラビングが好ましい。ラ
ビングは二枚の基板の配向膜の一方のみ行ってもよいし
、夫々の配向膜をラビングしてもよい。弱いラビングの
場合は夫々配向膜を行うことが好ましい。The alignment film is preferably rubbed with a synthetic fiber such as nylon, polyester, or polyacrylonitrile, or a natural fiber such as cotton or wool, and weak rubbing is particularly preferred. Rubbing may be performed on only one of the alignment films of the two substrates, or each alignment film may be rubbed. In the case of weak rubbing, it is preferable to apply an alignment film to each layer.
本発明の液晶表示素子に用いる液晶は電卓・時計等に用
いられているネマティック液晶でもよいが強誘電性液晶
の場合本発明の効果は顕著にあられれる。強誘電性を有
する液晶としては、具体的にはカイラルスメクティック
Ｃ相（Ｓｍｃ”）、Ｈ相（ＳｍＨ”）、１相（Ｓｍｌ”
）、Ｊ相（ＳｍＪ”）、Ｋ相（ＳｍＫ”）、Ｇ相（Ｓｍ
Ｇ”）又はＦ相（ＳｍＦ”）を有す液晶である。具体的
な液晶組成 としては−ｙ−ツソｏｃｓ−１０ｉｉ、Ｃ
８−１０ｉ３、Ｃ８−１０／！ｔ、ｙ’にり（ＤＺＬＩ
−３４１／７、ＺＬＩ−３４ｔ／９、帝［］化学産業Ｏ
ＨＳ −９、ｒ Ｐ 、 Ｍ Ｓ−７／Ｐなどをあげる
ことができるが、これに限定されるものでない。これら
の液晶の中には液晶に溶解する二色性染料、減粘剤等と
添加しても何ら支障はない。Although the liquid crystal used in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention may be a nematic liquid crystal used in calculators, watches, etc., the effects of the present invention are particularly noticeable in the case of ferroelectric liquid crystal. Specifically, liquid crystals having ferroelectricity include chiral smectic C phase (Smc"), H phase (SmH"), and 1 phase (Sml").
), J phase (SmJ”), K phase (SmK”), G phase (Sm
It is a liquid crystal having a phase G") or an F phase (SmF"). The specific liquid crystal composition is -y-tsuso ocs-10ii, C
8-10i3, C8-10/! t, y'nori (DZLI
-341/7, ZLI-34t/9, Tei [] Chemical Industry O
Examples include HS-9, rP, MS-7/P, but are not limited thereto. There will be no problem in adding dichroic dyes, thinners, etc. that dissolve in the liquid crystal to these liquid crystals.
液晶表示素子においてセルの厚さは０．ｊμから／！μ
がよく更に好ましくは／μから７０μである。プラズマ
重合による配向膜には液晶表示素子のセル厚を規定する
ス堅−サーを散布しても何ら支障はない。In a liquid crystal display element, the cell thickness is 0. From jμ/! μ
and more preferably from /μ to 70μ. There is no problem even if a spacer for defining the cell thickness of a liquid crystal display element is sprinkled on the alignment film formed by plasma polymerization.
強誘電性液晶を用いた場合、セルに液晶を注入後、加熱
しいったん等方性液体になるまで昇温し徐冷することに
より配向は一層良化する。徐冷時、上、下基板間に温度
差をかけることも支障はない。When a ferroelectric liquid crystal is used, the alignment can be further improved by injecting the liquid crystal into the cell, heating it until it becomes an isotropic liquid, and then slowly cooling it. There is no problem in applying a temperature difference between the upper and lower substrates during slow cooling.
以下、本発明を実施例に基づき詳細に説明する。Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on examples.
実施例／）
透明電極付ガラス基板上にグルタニトリルをプラズマ重
合した膜をθ、θ！μ厚に塗設した。このときのプラズ
マ条件は、真空度θ、、２Ｔｏｒｒ、ゲルタロニトリル
蒸気の流量−〇ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ、放電電力ｘｏＷ（／３．
ｒＡＭＨｚ）Ｋて得た。もう一方の透明電極付ガラス基
板には、日量化学製のサンエバー／３θをスピンコード
で約０．０！μに塗設した。Example/) A film of plasma-polymerized glutanitrile on a glass substrate with a transparent electrode was deposited at θ, θ! It was coated to a thickness of μ. The plasma conditions at this time were: degree of vacuum θ, 2 Torr, flow rate of geltalonitrile vapor -〇ml/min, and discharge power xoW (/3.
rAMHz)K. On the other glass substrate with a transparent electrode, use a spin cord of Sunever/3θ manufactured by Nichichi Kagaku to approx. 0.0! Coated on μ.
上記λつの基板をナイロン布で各々３回弱くラビングし
た後／、／μギャップのセルにした。このセルにチッソ
社製の強誘電性液晶Ｃ８１０／／を７００°Ｃで封入し
、一度室温に戻した後再び１００°Ｃに加熱、ｏ 、
ｊ’Ｃ／ｍｉｎで冷却し液晶を配向させた。この液晶セ
ルを観察したところジグザグ欠陥のない良好な配向状態
であった。After each of the above λ substrates was lightly rubbed three times with a nylon cloth, cells with a gap of /, /μ were formed. A ferroelectric liquid crystal C810 made by Chisso Corporation was sealed in this cell at 700°C, and after returning it to room temperature, it was heated to 100°C again.
It was cooled at j'C/min to orient the liquid crystal. When this liquid crystal cell was observed, it was found to be in a good alignment state with no zigzag defects.
実施例コ）
実施例１）と同様にして、ゲルタロニトリルプラズマ重
合膜を透明電極付ガラス基板上に設けた。Example 2) In the same manner as in Example 1), a geltalonitrile plasma polymerized film was provided on a glass substrate with a transparent electrode.
他方の基板は日量化学製のす／エバー／３θをスピンコ
ードで約Ｏ，Ｏｊμに塗設した。上記λつの基板をす゛
イロン布で各々３回弱くラビングした後／、／μギャッ
プのセルにした。このセルに強誘電性液晶Ｃ８／θ／／
を実施例／）と同様にして封入配向させた。The other substrate was coated with Su/Ever/3θ manufactured by Nichichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. using a spin cord to a thickness of approximately O, Ojμ. Each of the λ substrates was lightly rubbed three times with a steel cloth, and then formed into a cell with a /, /μ gap. This cell has a ferroelectric liquid crystal C8/θ//
were encapsulated and oriented in the same manner as in Example/).
配向状態は、均一であり、欠陥は認められなかった。The orientation state was uniform and no defects were observed.
Claims (1)
膜を内側にして配置し、その間に液晶を封入してなる液
晶表示素子において、該配向膜の少なくとも一方が、一
般式〔 I 〕から選ばれる化合物のプラズマ重合により
形成された膜であることを特徴とする液晶素子。 一般式〔 I 〕 ＮＣ−Ｘ−ＣＮ ここにＸは炭素原子１〜８のメチレン鎖、オキシエチレ
ン鎖、イオウ、窒素原子を少なくとも１つ含むメチレン
鎖、あるいは芳香環を表わす。[Scope of Claims] A liquid crystal display element in which two transparent electrode substrates each having an alignment film provided on a transparent electrode are arranged with the alignment film inside, and a liquid crystal is sealed between them, at least one of the alignment films. is a film formed by plasma polymerization of a compound selected from general formula [I]. General formula [I] NC-X-CN Here, X represents a methylene chain having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an oxyethylene chain, sulfur, a methylene chain containing at least one nitrogen atom, or an aromatic ring.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8798587A JPS63253921A (en) | 1987-04-10 | 1987-04-10 | Liquid crystal element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8798587A JPS63253921A (en) | 1987-04-10 | 1987-04-10 | Liquid crystal element |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63253921A true JPS63253921A (en) | 1988-10-20 |
Family
ID=13930109
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8798587A Pending JPS63253921A (en) | 1987-04-10 | 1987-04-10 | Liquid crystal element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63253921A (en) |
-
1987
- 1987-04-10 JP JP8798587A patent/JPS63253921A/en active Pending
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