JPS63196720A - Furnace for carbonizing and graphitizing pitch yarn - Google Patents

Furnace for carbonizing and graphitizing pitch yarn

Info

Publication number
JPS63196720A
JPS63196720A JP2247787A JP2247787A JPS63196720A JP S63196720 A JPS63196720 A JP S63196720A JP 2247787 A JP2247787 A JP 2247787A JP 2247787 A JP2247787 A JP 2247787A JP S63196720 A JPS63196720 A JP S63196720A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
furnace
fiber
fibers
long
electric furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2247787A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shozo Watabe
渡部 正三
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to JP2247787A priority Critical patent/JPS63196720A/en
Publication of JPS63196720A publication Critical patent/JPS63196720A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an electric furnace to readily switch heaters, by making section of a heating part into a rectangular shape, letting a dimensional ratio of lateral length and longitudinal length have a specific range and laterally arranging a great number of heaters. CONSTITUTION:Section of a heating part is made into a rectangular shape, a dimensional ratio of lateral length and longitudinal length on the inside is made into 1:3-10 and a great number of heaters 10 are laterally arranged in the heating part. Filament obtained by melting 100% mesophase pitch of petroleum type is infusibilized and calcined to give yarn, passed through the heating part, heated at 2,400-2,900 deg.C in an inert gas atmosphere, carbonized and graphitized.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は石油系ピッチを原料とする炭素庫維の製造工程
の一つである炭化、黒鉛化工程に必要な長繊維の高強度
超高弾性炭素煩雑製造用箱型の超高温の電気加熱式電気
炉に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a box-shaped, high-strength, ultra-high-modulus carbon fiber for the complicated production of long fibers necessary for the carbonization and graphitization processes, which are one of the processes for producing carbon fibers using petroleum pitch as a raw material. This article relates to an ultra-high temperature electrically heated electric furnace.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

近年、航空機、自動車、その他輸送機裂作工業の急速な
成長及びスポーツ用具の需要の結果、独特で且つ並みは
ずれた物理的性質を発揮し得る材料の要望が強く現われ
て来た。このためこれに応する高い強度及び高い弾性率
を特徴とし同時に軽量で安価な材料が強く要求されてい
る。しかるに現在の技術でか\る材料を多量に且つ安定
して供給することが出来ず、この要望に答えるための研
究が複合材(強化樹脂)の製造に集中している。
In recent years, as a result of the rapid growth of the aircraft, automobile, and other transportation manufacturing industries and the demand for sports equipment, there has been a strong need for materials that can exhibit unique and extraordinary physical properties. Therefore, there is a strong demand for materials that have correspondingly high strength and high modulus of elasticity, and that are also lightweight and inexpensive. However, with current technology, it is not possible to stably supply such materials in large quantities, and research to meet this demand has focused on the production of composite materials (reinforced resins).

この複合材に使用する最も有望な材料のひとつとして長
繊維の高強度高弾性炭素繊維がある。この長繊維の高強
度高弾性炭素繊維は前述の産業の急速な成長が起りつ\
ある際に現われたもので、この長繊維の炭素[維を樹脂
と組合わせて使用すると、他に全くその例を見ないよう
な特性を発揮する複合材を製造することが出来る。
One of the most promising materials for use in this composite material is long-fiber, high-strength, high-modulus carbon fiber. This long-fiber, high-strength, high-modulus carbon fiber has led to the rapid growth of the aforementioned industry.
When this long-fiber carbon fiber is used in combination with resin, it is possible to produce a composite material that exhibits properties that have never been seen before.

しかるに現在入手出来る長繊維の高強度高弾性炭素繊維
の原料は、原料が特殊な製法に依って製糸されるポリア
クリロニトリル繊維(PAN )が主であることは公知
の事実であるが、この繊維は高価であり而もこの繊維よ
りの炭素繊維の収率も約45優で低く炭素繊維の価格は
高いものとなっている。
However, it is a well-known fact that the raw material for currently available long-fiber, high-strength, high-modulus carbon fibers is mainly polyacrylonitrile fiber (PAN), which is spun using a special manufacturing method. It is expensive, and the yield of carbon fiber from this fiber is low at about 45%, making the price of carbon fiber high.

長繊維の高強度高弾性炭素繊維を安価に製造する方法と
して、メソフェーズを含有するぎツチを原料とし長繊維
の高強度高弾性炭素繊維を製造する方法が米国特許4,
005.183号に記載されており、メソフェーズを含
有するピッチが長繊維の高強度高弾性炭素繊維の原料で
あることは公知である。
As a method for manufacturing long-fiber, high-strength, high-modulus carbon fibers at low cost, a method for manufacturing long-fiber, high-strength, high-modulus carbon fibers using Gitsuchi containing mesophase as a raw material has been disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,
No. 005.183, and it is known that pitch containing mesophase is a raw material for long-fiber, high-strength, high-modulus carbon fibers.

長繊維の高強度高弾性炭素繊維はメソフェーズを含有す
るピッチを溶融紡糸しその長繊維の繊維を集束しその#
R繊維束不融化した後焼成繊維束を炭化、黒鉛化するも
のであるが、しかるに特に高強度超高弾性炭素繊維を造
るためには超高温2 、500°C以上で而も長時間使
用に耐える超高温電気炉が必要であるが未だ充分開発さ
れていない。
Long-fiber high-strength, high-elasticity carbon fiber is produced by melt-spinning pitch containing mesophase and converging the long-fiber fibers.
After making the R fiber bundle infusible, the fired fiber bundle is carbonized and graphitized.However, in order to produce particularly high-strength ultra-high elasticity carbon fiber, it is necessary to use the fiber bundle at ultra-high temperatures 2, 500°C or higher, and for long periods of time. An ultra-high temperature electric furnace that can withstand this process is necessary, but has not yet been sufficiently developed.

〔本発明が解決しようとする間順点〕[Points to be solved by the present invention]

本発明の目的は石油系ピッチを原料として高強度超高弾
性炭素繊維を造るため、2 、500°C乃至2 、8
00°Cの工業的に使用に耐える超高温電気炉を提供す
ることである。
The purpose of the present invention is to produce high-strength ultra-high elasticity carbon fiber using petroleum pitch as a raw material.
An object of the present invention is to provide an ultra-high temperature electric furnace that can withstand industrial use at 00°C.

〔問題を解決する手段〕[Means to solve the problem]

長繊維の高強度超高弾性炭素繊維の製造には脱硫減圧軽
油の熱接触分解(FCC)に依って副生される石油系ピ
ッチを減圧蒸留して85%カットした留分(初留460
°C乃至終留560°C)を加熱処理して100%メソ
フェーズピッチを造り、之を溶融紡糸し、不融化、焼成
、炭化黒鉛化することが超高温度で行なわれるがか\る
超高温炉が工業的に使用に耐えうるためには如何に設計
実作すべきかいくつかの条件がありうるがそれらを探究
し満足させる炉が出来た。
To produce long-fiber, high-strength, ultra-high-modulus carbon fibers, petroleum-based pitch, which is a by-product of thermal catalytic cracking (FCC) of desulfurized vacuum gas oil, is distilled under reduced pressure and cut by 85% (initial distillation 460).
100% mesophase pitch is produced by heat treatment (from 560°C to 560°C), which is then melt-spun, rendered infusible, fired, and carbonized to graphitization at extremely high temperatures. In order for a furnace to be industrially usable, there are several conditions that must be met when designing and actualizing them, and we have created a furnace that satisfies these conditions.

その条件は次の5つである。The conditions are the following five.

l)超高温度帯を如何にすれば均一な高温度に保持し得
る電気炉を設計し得るか。
l) How can we design an electric furnace that can maintain a uniformly high temperature in the ultra-high temperature zone?

2)特に単位時間当り多量に高強度超高弾性炭素繊維を
製造し得る大型の電気炉の設計はどうあるべきか。
2) In particular, what should be the design of a large electric furnace that can produce a large amount of high-strength, ultra-high-modulus carbon fiber per unit time?

3)メンフェーズピッチを溶融紡糸する際多数の紡糸孔
(数百以上)から紡糸される長繊維の繊維が時には糸切
することもあ抄うるが、糸切れの繊維を混入する繊維束
を容易に炭化、黒鉛化し得る電気炉の設計はどうあるべ
きか。
3) When melt-spinning menphase pitch, the long fibers spun through a large number of spinning holes (several hundred or more) may sometimes break, but it is easy to create fiber bundles that contain broken fibers. What should be the design of an electric furnace that can carbonize and graphitize?

4)  N高温炉の加熱ヒーターは2.500°C以上
の温度を与えるものを必要とし、このヒーターには長時
間の使用に耐える材質を使用せねばならないが、そんな
材質のものを使用しても、尚取り替えを余儀なくされる
こともありうるので、最高温の加熱ヒーターの取り替え
が極めて容易であることが必要である。
4) The heater for the N high-temperature furnace must provide a temperature of 2.500°C or higher, and this heater must be made of a material that can withstand long-term use. However, it is necessary that the highest temperature heater be extremely easy to replace.

本発明の発明者はこれ等の問題を解決するため、次の如
き構造の電気炉を設計し満足な結果が得られることを確
めた。
In order to solve these problems, the inventor of the present invention designed an electric furnace having the following structure and confirmed that satisfactory results could be obtained.

長憶維のピッチ糸の不融化糸束を・児成し得られた長繊
維の焼成糸束を連続的に多量に不活性ガス中で電気炉内
の最高温度2.400”C乃至2.900’cで黒鉛化
して連続的に多量に長繊維の高強度超高弾性炭素繊維を
製造することが出来る。この電気炉の断面は矩型(縦の
内のシの長さ対横の内のりの長さの比は1対3乃至To
 )を採用し、而も必要数の加熱ヒーターを夫々の温度
帯内に炉の断面に沿って加熱ヒーターを設置する矩型の
箱型電気炉を設計した。これに依って大形の工業的に長
繊維の高強度超高弾性炭素繊維の製造のために充分使用
に耐えること、断面としては矩型の方が丸型より均一な
温度分布を与えうろことも確められた。
An infusible yarn bundle of long memory fiber pitch yarn is formed, and the resulting fired yarn bundle of long fibers is continuously heated in a large amount of inert gas in an electric furnace at a maximum temperature of 2.400"C to 2.5"C. By graphitizing at 900'C, it is possible to continuously produce large quantities of long-fiber, high-strength, ultra-high-elastic carbon fibers.The cross section of this electric furnace is rectangular (vertical inner length vs. The length ratio is 1:3 to To
), and designed a rectangular box electric furnace in which the required number of heaters were installed along the cross section of the furnace within each temperature zone. This makes it suitable for large-sized industrial long-fiber, high-strength, ultra-high-modulus carbon fibers, and a rectangular cross-section may provide a more uniform temperature distribution than a round cross-section. Confirmed.

電気炉内の超高温の温度範囲にも依るが、矩型の電気炉
の内のりの縦の長さは1ocrrI乃至60 cm 、
横の長さは30crrI乃至200α程度であるが、最
も好ましい形は、電気炉内にて単位時間当り炭化或は黒
鉛化する繊維の量にも依るが、炉の入口から出口への温
度勾配を維持出来る様に加熱ヒーターを炉の断面に沿っ
て夫々並べられ、最も好ましい縦の内法は15c1n乃
至30 crn 、横の内法は40z乃至120】であ
り、実際には焼成糸束(2,000本=2K)を5束乃
至10束横に並べ夫々に張力を掛けて連続的黒鉛化し所
定の強度及び超弾性率を発揮する長繊維をボビンに巻き
取ることが可能となる。
Although it depends on the ultra-high temperature range in the electric furnace, the vertical length of the inside of the rectangular electric furnace is 1 ocrrI to 60 cm,
The horizontal length is about 30crrI to 200α, but the most preferable shape is one in which the temperature gradient from the inlet to the outlet of the furnace is The heating heaters are arranged along the cross section of the furnace so as to maintain the temperature of the yarn. By arranging 5 to 10 bundles (000 fibers = 2K) horizontally and applying tension to each to continuously graphitize them, it becomes possible to wind up long fibers exhibiting a predetermined strength and superelastic modulus onto a bobbin.

尚炉内の縦、横の内のりがこれ以上になると、これ以上
の加熱ヒーターの製作も炉内の温度の均一化が固成とな
る。
If the vertical and horizontal inside of the furnace becomes larger than this, it becomes necessary to make the temperature inside the furnace uniform even if a heater larger than this is manufactured.

実施例1 脱硫減圧軽油の熱接触分解(FCC)に依って副生され
る石油系ピッチを減圧蒸留して85チカツトした留分(
初留460″C乃至終留560°C)を予備処理し、後
人の加熱条件で常圧で攪拌して、メソフェーズを約23
,5%含有するピッチを造る。
Example 1 Petroleum pitch produced as a by-product by thermal catalytic cracking (FCC) of desulfurized vacuum gas oil was distilled under reduced pressure to obtain an 85-fraction fraction (
The initial distillate 460''C to the final distillate 560°C) was pretreated and stirred at normal pressure under the subsequent heating conditions to form a mesophase of about 23°C.
,5% of the pitch is made.

加熱処理条件:温 度 400°C加熱時間 6時間キ
ャリヤーガス  プロノ9ンガス0.6(4/ピツチ←
)X分メソフェーズを含有するピッチを熟成温度320
°Cで加時間熟成して生成ピッチ中のメンフェーズのみ
を融着巨大化させその熟成温度で上層に全くメソフェー
ズを含有せぬ非メソピッチと下層に1004メンフエー
ズピツチと比重の差に依って分離区分し、下層の100
%メソフェーズピッチを精製し、これを溶融紡糸し、長
繊維を2 、000本を束にして不融化し、これを不活
性ガス中で1.000 ’Cで焼成し第1図の電気炉に
この焼成糸束を一列に加東並べてアルゴンガス中に最高
温度2 、700°Cで第3図の温度勾配で張力を掛け
て連続的に黒鉛化し9東の2にの長繊維の高強度超高弾
性炭素繊維を夫々ボビンに巻き取ることが出来る。この
長繊維の物性は次の如くである。
Heat treatment conditions: Temperature: 400°C Heating time: 6 hours Carrier gas: Pronone gas 0.6 (4/pitch←
) X minutes The pitch containing mesophase was aged at a temperature of 320
By aging at °C for a long time, only the menphase in the generated pitch is fused and made into a large size, and at that ripening temperature, the upper layer is a non-meso pitch that does not contain any mesophase, and the lower layer is a 1004 menphaes pitch, depending on the difference in specific gravity. Separate and divide the lower 100
% mesophase pitch, melt-spun it, bundled 2,000 long fibers to make them infusible, fired them at 1.000'C in an inert gas, and placed them in the electric furnace shown in Figure 1. The fired yarn bundles were lined up in a row and placed in argon gas at a maximum temperature of 2.700°C, with tension applied to the temperature gradient shown in Figure 3 to continuously graphitize the long fibers. Each elastic carbon fiber can be wound onto a bobbin. The physical properties of this long fiber are as follows.

物 性:強 度310鴎t1  弾性率72 T/m”
繊維の径 約9.0μ    伸 度 o、43密  
度 2.17 〔発明の効果〕 高強度超高弾性炭素轍維裂造用の電気炉は2.700で
乃至2 、900°Cを必要とする。これに対応出来る
この工業的電気炉はその運転操作も容易且つ加熱ヒータ
ーの取扱いも容易なことは特記すべき事項である。
Physical properties: Strength 310 t1 Elastic modulus 72 T/m"
Fiber diameter: approx. 9.0 μ Elongation: o, 43 density
2.17 [Effect of the Invention] The electric furnace for high-strength ultra-high elasticity carbon rutting fiber cracking requires a temperature of 2.700°C to 2.70°C and 900°C. It should be noted that this industrial electric furnace that can handle this is easy to operate and the heater is easy to handle.

本発明に使用される炭化、黒鉛化炉を図面によって更に
説明する。第1図は繊維束を挿入してない状態の多数組
の発熱体とその端子の内の1個丈を含んだ断面図を示し
ている。図中1は炭素・炭素複合材で製作されている発
熱体で2はグラファイト断熱材、3は電流の入口と出口
の端子で、4は端子カッ−15は保温材、6は炉の蓋で
ある。
The carbonization and graphitization furnace used in the present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a sectional view including the length of multiple sets of heating elements and one of their terminals without fiber bundles inserted therein. In the figure, 1 is a heating element made of carbon/carbon composite material, 2 is a graphite insulation material, 3 is a current inlet and outlet terminal, 4 is a terminal cup, 15 is a heat insulator, and 6 is a furnace lid. be.

各部の寸法は保温材5の入った矩型のケースの横の長さ
11100 ミIJ炉の内部槽の長さ600 ミIJ縦
の長さ180ミリ、発熱体中心開維の距1ift 12
Q ミ+)、端子カバーを含めた横の長さ1.320 
ミ!7である。
The dimensions of each part are the horizontal length of the rectangular case containing the heat insulating material 5, 11100 mm, the length of the internal tank of the IJ furnace, 600 mm, the vertical length of the IJ, 180 mm, and the distance of the opening fiber at the center of the heating element, 1ift 12
Q Mi+), horizontal length including terminal cover 1.320
Mi! It is 7.

m2図は入口から出口点の炉の側面図を示している。図
中7が入口、8が出口、3が端子、9が低温度々計を示
してbる、10は高温度々計、11が変圧器、12がガ
ス流量計及び圧力計、13が架台。
The m2 diagram shows a side view of the furnace from the inlet to the exit point. In the figure, 7 is an inlet, 8 is an outlet, 3 is a terminal, 9 is a low temperature gauge, 10 is a high temperature gauge, 11 is a transformer, 12 is a gas flow meter and a pressure gauge, and 13 is a mount.

第3図は入口から出口点各部の温度を示している。Figure 3 shows the temperature at various points from the inlet to the outlet.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明のピッチ系繊維の炭化黒鉛化炉の発熱体
端子の1組を含んだ断面図、第2図は同じ炉の入口から
出口点の側面図、を示し第3図は入口から出口点各部の
温度分布図である。 第1図 ち
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view including one set of heating element terminals of the pitch-based fiber carbonization graphitization furnace of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side view from the inlet to the exit point of the same furnace, and Fig. 3 is the inlet. FIG. 2 is a temperature distribution diagram at each part of the exit point. Figure 1

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 脱硫減圧軽油の熱接触分解(FCC)に依つて副生する
留分(初留460℃乃至終留560℃)を原料として1
00%メソフェーズピッチを精製し、この100%メソ
フェーズピッチを溶融紡糸し、得られた長繊維に集束剤
を添付してボビンに巻き取り、これを不融化及び焼成し
た後長繊維の焼成繊維を単位時間当り多量に工業的規模
で炭化、黒鉛化するために使用する電気炉であつて加熱
部の断面が矩型で矩型の内のりの横の長さ対縦の長さの
比が1対3乃至10の構造の炉の内部に加熱ヒーターを
夫々横に並べて設置されている加熱部を有する箱型電気
炉内で、而も加熱ヒーターに通ずる電流のターミナルは
炉外に設備し不活性ガス中で最高温度2,400℃乃至
2,900℃で連続的に炭化し更らに黒鉛化することを
特徴とする長繊維の高強度超高弾性炭素繊維製造用の炭
化、黒鉛化炉。
1 by using the fraction (initial distillation 460°C to final distillation 560°C) produced by thermal catalytic cracking (FCC) of desulfurized vacuum gas oil as a raw material.
00% mesophase pitch is purified, this 100% mesophase pitch is melt-spun, a sizing agent is attached to the obtained long fibers, and a sizing agent is attached and wound around a bobbin. After infusibility and firing, the fired fibers of the long fibers are made into units. It is an electric furnace used for carbonizing and graphitizing a large amount per hour on an industrial scale, and the heating section has a rectangular cross section and the ratio of the horizontal length to the vertical length of the inside of the rectangle is 1:3. This is a box-type electric furnace that has a heating section in which heating heaters are installed side by side inside the furnace, and the terminal for the current that leads to the heating heaters is installed outside the furnace and is placed in an inert gas atmosphere. A carbonization and graphitization furnace for producing long-fiber, high-strength, ultra-high-modulus carbon fibers, which is characterized by continuous carbonization and further graphitization at a maximum temperature of 2,400°C to 2,900°C.
JP2247787A 1987-02-04 1987-02-04 Furnace for carbonizing and graphitizing pitch yarn Pending JPS63196720A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2247787A JPS63196720A (en) 1987-02-04 1987-02-04 Furnace for carbonizing and graphitizing pitch yarn

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2247787A JPS63196720A (en) 1987-02-04 1987-02-04 Furnace for carbonizing and graphitizing pitch yarn

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63196720A true JPS63196720A (en) 1988-08-15

Family

ID=12083799

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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JP (1) JPS63196720A (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS516245A (en) * 1974-07-05 1976-01-19 Seiko Kagaku Kk GOMUYORETSUKABOSHIZAI
JPS5735018A (en) * 1980-08-05 1982-02-25 Mitsui Cokes Kogyo Kk Production of carbon fiber of high strength as well as high elasticity

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS516245A (en) * 1974-07-05 1976-01-19 Seiko Kagaku Kk GOMUYORETSUKABOSHIZAI
JPS5735018A (en) * 1980-08-05 1982-02-25 Mitsui Cokes Kogyo Kk Production of carbon fiber of high strength as well as high elasticity

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