JPS62195857A - Reformer for fuel cell - Google Patents
Reformer for fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62195857A JPS62195857A JP61037457A JP3745786A JPS62195857A JP S62195857 A JPS62195857 A JP S62195857A JP 61037457 A JP61037457 A JP 61037457A JP 3745786 A JP3745786 A JP 3745786A JP S62195857 A JPS62195857 A JP S62195857A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- reformer
- module
- fuel cell
- evaporator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000011712 cell development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
- H01M8/0631—Reactor construction specially adapted for combination reactor/fuel cell
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の技術分野〕 本発明は燃料電池の改質装置に関するものである。[Detailed description of the invention] [Technical field of invention] The present invention relates to a fuel cell reformer.
燃料電池の構成は大きくは燃料を水素ガスに改質する改
質器と、この改質器から発生した改質ガス（水素）を空
気（酸素）と反応させて水と電気エネルギにする燃料電
池本体とからなっている。従来、燃料電池の開発は液化
天然ガスを燃料として使用するプラント級の大型のもの
が主であったが、最近ではメタノールと水の混合液体燃
料等を使用した小型のものの開発も要望されている。A fuel cell consists of a reformer that reforms fuel into hydrogen gas, and a fuel cell that reacts the reformed gas (hydrogen) generated by this reformer with air (oxygen) to produce water and electrical energy. It consists of a main body. In the past, the main focus of fuel cell development was large, plant-grade cells that used liquefied natural gas as fuel, but recently there has been a demand for the development of smaller cells that use liquid fuels such as a mixture of methanol and water. .
このような小型の燃料電池を構成するための改質器では
、容量の多少にかかわらず熱効率を向上できるようにす
ることが重要な課題になっており、そのためには蒸発器
で気化した燃料蒸気を触媒層に均一に分散させることが
でき、かつ触媒当たりのガス量を制御しやすくする機能
を有することが必要である。In reformers used to configure such small fuel cells, it is important to improve thermal efficiency regardless of the capacity. It is necessary to have the function of being able to uniformly disperse gas in the catalyst layer and making it easier to control the amount of gas per catalyst.
（発明の目的〕
本発明の目的は、燃料蒸気を触媒層に均一に分散させる
ことができ、かつ触媒当たりのガス量を制御しやすくし
、それによって熱効率を向上した燃料電池用改質装置を
提供することにある。(Object of the Invention) An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell reforming device that can uniformly disperse fuel vapor in a catalyst layer, easily control the amount of gas per catalyst, and thereby improve thermal efficiency. It is about providing.
上記目的を達成する本発明の改質装置は、液体燃料を気
化する燃料蒸発器と、この燃料蒸発器で発生した燃料蒸
気を触媒層を介して水素ガス主体の改質ガスに変える反
応管とを直列に一体連結してモジュール化し、このモジ
ュールを複数本並列に並べると共に、それらの両端部を
それぞれ結合具により連結したことを特徴とするもので
ある。The reformer of the present invention that achieves the above object includes a fuel evaporator that vaporizes liquid fuel, and a reaction tube that converts the fuel vapor generated in the fuel evaporator into reformed gas mainly consisting of hydrogen gas through a catalyst layer. The invention is characterized in that a plurality of modules are connected in series to form a module, a plurality of these modules are arranged in parallel, and both ends of the modules are connected using connectors.
以下、本発明を図に示す実施例により説明する。 The present invention will be explained below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.
図において、１は燃料蒸発器、２は反応管であり、両者
は直列に一体連結されて一つのモジュールＭを形成して
いる。このモジュールＭの燃料蒸発器１にはノズル３が
取り付けられ、このノズル３を介してメタノールと水と
の混合液体燃料が供給されるようになっている。一方、
反応管２の中には、多孔板５に支持されたベレット状の
銅、白金、ロジウム等の触媒からなる触媒層４が充填さ
れている。In the figure, 1 is a fuel evaporator, 2 is a reaction tube, and both are integrally connected in series to form one module M. A nozzle 3 is attached to the fuel evaporator 1 of this module M, and a liquid fuel mixture of methanol and water is supplied through the nozzle 3. on the other hand,
The reaction tube 2 is filled with a catalyst layer 4 supported by a perforated plate 5 and made of a pellet-shaped catalyst such as copper, platinum, or rhodium.
改質装置はこのモジュールＭを最小単位として組み立て
られている。組立に当たっては、例えば第１図に示すよ
うに複数本のモジュールＭ。The reformer is assembled using this module M as the minimum unit. When assembling, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of modules M are assembled.
−・−・９Ｍを並列に並べ、それらの下端部と上端部と
をそれぞれ器状の連結具６，７によって連結して一体に
する。この構成体は、さらに第２図のように周囲に筒状
のハウジング８を嵌合し、その下方にバーナ１０を設置
する。---9M are arranged in parallel, and their lower end and upper end are connected by vessel-shaped connectors 6 and 7, respectively, to make one body. This structure is further fitted with a cylindrical housing 8 as shown in FIG. 2, and a burner 10 is installed below it.
下端側の連結具６の中央部には大きな開口６ａが設けて
あり、この間口６ａを介してバーナ１０から発生する加
熱用ガスが上方の反応管２側へ導かれるようになってい
る。また、上端側の連結具７は上述のような開口を持た
ず、その上面側に第２図に示すような上蓋９が被せられ
て室を形成し、この室に反応管２で生成した改質ガスを
集合するようにしている。上蓋９には上記室に集めた改
質ガスを図示しない燃料電池本体へ送るための供給口９
ａが設けられている。A large opening 6a is provided in the center of the connector 6 on the lower end side, and heating gas generated from the burner 10 is guided upward toward the reaction tube 2 through this opening 6a. Moreover, the connector 7 on the upper end side does not have the above-mentioned opening, and the top surface thereof is covered with an upper lid 9 as shown in FIG. It collects quality gas. The upper lid 9 has a supply port 9 for sending the reformed gas collected in the chamber to the fuel cell main body (not shown).
A is provided.
このような改質装置において、複数の燃料蒸発器１、−
−一−−・−９１にそれぞれのノズル３ 、−−−−１
３から混合燃料が供給され、その混合燃料はバーナ１０
による加熱によって気化し、それぞれの反応管２．−・
−２２へ供給される。各反応管２の外周はバーナ１０か
らの加熱用ガスによって加熱されているため、反応管２
へ供給された燃料蒸気は触媒層４を通過する間に水蒸気
改質反応を行い、水素ガス主体の改質ガスに変化する。In such a reformer, a plurality of fuel evaporators 1, -
-1--91 each nozzle 3, ----1
Mixed fuel is supplied from burner 10.
vaporized by heating with 2. −・
-22. Since the outer periphery of each reaction tube 2 is heated by the heating gas from the burner 10, the reaction tube 2
The fuel vapor supplied to the fuel vapor undergoes a steam reforming reaction while passing through the catalyst layer 4, and changes into a reformed gas mainly composed of hydrogen gas.
複数の反応管２．〜・−−−−−−，２で発生した改質
ガスは、連結具７と上蓋９からなる室内に集合したのち
、開口９ａから図示しない燃料電池本体へ供給される。Multiple reaction tubes2. After the reformed gas generated in .
上述した改質装置によると、一体化した燃料蒸発器１と
反応管２とからなるモジュールＭを複数本並列に並べて
構成されているから、燃料を最小単位を構成する複数の
反応管２ 、−−−−−−−。According to the above-mentioned reformer, a plurality of modules M each consisting of an integrated fuel evaporator 1 and a reaction tube 2 are arranged in parallel. --------.
２内の触媒層４ 、−−−−−−−、 ４にそれぞれ均
一分散させて反応させることができる。また、改質装置
を組み立てるとき、モジュールＭの本数を適宜選択する
ことができ、それによって触媒当たりのガス量を容易に
制御することができるため、容量の多少にかかわらず常
に熱効率の高い反応を行わせることができる。また、モ
ジュールＭの本数を適宜選択できるので、スケール・ア
ンプやスケール・ダウンを簡単に行うことができる。They can be uniformly dispersed and reacted in the catalyst layers 4, 2, 4, and 2, respectively. In addition, when assembling the reformer, the number of modules M can be selected as appropriate, and the amount of gas per catalyst can thereby be easily controlled, so reactions with high thermal efficiency can always be achieved regardless of the capacity. You can make it happen. Furthermore, since the number of modules M can be selected as appropriate, scale amplifiers and scale downs can be easily performed.
なお、上述の実施例では複数本のモジュールを並べると
き環状に配列したが、矩形状の複数列状など他の並列配
列にしてもよい。In the above-described embodiment, a plurality of modules are arranged in a ring shape, but other parallel arrangements such as a plurality of rectangular rows may be used.
上述したように本発明の燃料電池用改質装置は、液体燃
料を気化する燃料蒸発器と、この燃料蒸発器で発生した
燃料蒸気を触媒層を介して水素ガス主体の改質ガスに変
える反応管とを直列に一体連結してモジュール化し、こ
のモジュールを複数本並列に並べると共に、それらの両
端部をそれぞれ結合具により連結したものである。その
ため、燃料を複数のモジュールに分散して反応させるた
め触媒層に均一に分散することができ、またモジュール
の本数を適宜選択することができるため、触媒当たりの
ガス量を制御しやすくなり、容量の多少にかかわらず熱
効率を向上することができる。As described above, the fuel cell reformer of the present invention includes a fuel evaporator that vaporizes liquid fuel, and a reaction that converts the fuel vapor generated in the fuel evaporator into reformed gas mainly consisting of hydrogen gas through a catalyst layer. A plurality of modules are arranged in parallel by integrally connecting tubes in series, and both ends of the modules are connected using connectors. Therefore, since the fuel is dispersed in multiple modules for reaction, it can be uniformly dispersed in the catalyst layer, and the number of modules can be selected as appropriate, making it easier to control the amount of gas per catalyst and increasing the capacity. Thermal efficiency can be improved regardless of the amount.
第１図は本発明の実施例による改質装置を組立て方を説
明する説明図、第２図は同改質装置の縦断面図、第３図
は第２図のｎ−■矢視図である。
１−燃料蒸発器、 ２−反応器、 ３−＝ノズル、 ４
−触媒層、 ６．７一連結具、 １０−バーナ。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating how to assemble a reformer according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the reformer, and FIG. 3 is a view taken along the n-■ arrow in FIG. be. 1-fuel evaporator, 2-reactor, 3-=nozzle, 4
- catalyst layer, 6.7 series of ties, 10 - burner.
Claims (1)
生した燃料蒸気を触媒層を介して水素ガス主体の改質ガ
スに変える反応管とを直列に一体連結してモジュール化
し、このモジュールを複数本並列に並べると共に、それ
らの両端部をそれぞれ結合具により連結したことを特徴
とする燃料電池用改質装置。A fuel evaporator that vaporizes liquid fuel and a reaction tube that converts the fuel vapor generated by the fuel evaporator into reformed gas mainly composed of hydrogen gas through a catalyst layer are connected in series to create a module. 1. A fuel cell reforming device characterized in that a plurality of fuel cells are arranged in parallel, and both ends of the fuel cell reforming devices are connected by respective connectors.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61037457A JPS62195857A (en) | 1986-02-24 | 1986-02-24 | Reformer for fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61037457A JPS62195857A (en) | 1986-02-24 | 1986-02-24 | Reformer for fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62195857A true JPS62195857A (en) | 1987-08-28 |
Family
ID=12498048
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61037457A Pending JPS62195857A (en) | 1986-02-24 | 1986-02-24 | Reformer for fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62195857A (en) |
-
1986
- 1986-02-24 JP JP61037457A patent/JPS62195857A/en active Pending
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