JPS62106852A - Method for collecting dust in coal combustion gas - Google Patents

Method for collecting dust in coal combustion gas

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Publication number
JPS62106852A
JPS62106852A JP60246224A JP24622485A JPS62106852A JP S62106852 A JPS62106852 A JP S62106852A JP 60246224 A JP60246224 A JP 60246224A JP 24622485 A JP24622485 A JP 24622485A JP S62106852 A JPS62106852 A JP S62106852A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
coal
combustion gas
temp
furnace
dust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP60246224A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshio Harada
良夫 原田
Koji Tashiro
浩二 田代
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to JP60246224A priority Critical patent/JPS62106852A/en
Publication of JPS62106852A publication Critical patent/JPS62106852A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the collection effect of dust and to promote combustion, by spraying an inorg. or org. compound in a furnace at a position where the temp. of combustion gas is 600-800 deg.C and the surface temp. of a pipe is 300-550 deg.C by the use of a soot blower. CONSTITUTION:Fuel grade coal having an iron compound added thereto is burnt and high temp. combustion gas 2 passes through superheaters 3, 3', a reheater 4, a low temp. superheater 5, a low temp. reheater 6, and a coal econo mizer 7 and comes out from an air preheater 8 and successively passes through an electric precipitator 9 and a desulfurizing apparatus to be exhausted to the outside through a chimney. In this case, a soot blower 10 is utilized in the upstream side of the coal economizer 7 to inject the iron compound in a furnace along a gas stream. The addition of the iron compound to the furnace is performed, for example, by a method wherein the iron compound is sprayed to the pipe of the coal economizer 7 in an aqueous solution form by utilizing the soot blower 10 provided in the upstream side of the coal economizer 7 at a position where the temp. of the combustion gas is 600-800 deg.C and the surface temp. of the pipe is 300-550 deg.C.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、石炭燃焼ガス中のダストを捕集する方法に関
する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for collecting dust in coal combustion gas.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

重油、石油コークス、アスファルト及び石炭などのいわ
ゆる化石燃料を使用する燃焼炉、ボイラなどの燃焼ガス
中には、環境汚染物質としてガス状のSoz 、 00
 、’kJOx 、固体粉末状の未燃分及び灰分(以下
ダスト)が含まれているため前者は燃焼ガスを対象とし
た脱硫、脱硝装置、後者は主として電気集じん装置によ
って除去しているのが現状である。
Gaseous Soz, 00 is an environmental pollutant in the combustion gas of combustion furnaces, boilers, etc. that use so-called fossil fuels such as heavy oil, petroleum coke, asphalt, and coal.
, 'kJOx, contains solid powdered unburned matter and ash (hereinafter referred to as dust), so the former is removed by desulfurization and denitrification equipment for combustion gas, and the latter is mainly removed by electrostatic precipitator. This is the current situation.

石炭については、通常15〜20%に達する灰分を含み
、その組成も!111101、Fe、03、OaOlM
gOXNano、KaO1A4t03などの酸化物ある
いはその硫酸塩の形で含まれている。これらの灰分け、
ボイラを例にとれば燃焼室の蒸発管、炉底、過熱器、再
熱器などに付着すると共に、燃焼ガス中に含まれたまま
でボイラ系外に排出される。
As for coal, it usually contains an ash content of 15-20%, and its composition! 111101, Fe, 03, OaOlM
It is contained in the form of oxides such as gOXNano and KaO1A4t03 or their sulfates. These ash separation,
Taking a boiler as an example, it adheres to the evaporator tube, furnace bottom, superheater, reheater, etc. of the combustion chamber, and is also discharged from the boiler system while remaining contained in the combustion gas.

この排出されるダスト類は、一般にフライアッシュと呼
ばれ、その主成分は未燃炭素及びA/、03、S10.
などの酸化物である。これらの酸化物は電気抵抗が非常
に高((1011〜10”Ω帰)このままでは、電気集
じん装置による捕集効率が悪く、公害規制値を満足し得
ない。
This emitted dust is generally called fly ash, and its main components are unburned carbon and A/, 03, S10.
and other oxides. These oxides have very high electrical resistance ((1011 to 10" Ω)). If left as is, the collection efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator will be poor and the pollution control values cannot be met.

現在、この対策としてフライアッシュの電気抵抗を下げ
る手段として0石炭中にNa0E、 NaC/。
Currently, as a countermeasure to this problem, Na0E and NaC/ are added to zero coal as a means of lowering the electrical resistance of fly ash.

Na1O03などのアルカリ金属を添加する方法、■ボ
イラ出口(電気集じん装置入口)に硫酸を直接噴霧する
方法が行なわれている。しかしこれらの方法は、次のよ
うな欠点があり十分な対策とはいえない。すなわち ■の方法では、注入するNa系化合物がボイラ炉内でB
OX 、 Fe103 、AltOBなどと反応してN
a5Fe(So、)3、Na、Az(so、)、などの
硫酸塩酸化合物をつくりボイラ管を腐食するのみならず
、これが石炭灰とボイラ管の接着剤的な作用を行ない多
量のクリンカーを管表面に堆積させ、熱伝達効率を低下
させる。又注入経費の増大を招く他、炉内清掃に多大の
労力を必要とするなど多くの二次的障害を促す原因とな
っている。
Methods of adding an alkali metal such as Na1O03, and method (2) of directly spraying sulfuric acid at the boiler outlet (electrostatic precipitator inlet) are used. However, these methods have the following drawbacks and cannot be considered as sufficient countermeasures. In other words, in the method (■), the Na-based compound to be injected becomes B in the boiler furnace.
Reacts with OX, Fe103, AltOB, etc. to form N
Sulfate acid compounds such as a5Fe(So,)3, Na, Az(so, Deposits on surfaces and reduces heat transfer efficiency. Furthermore, in addition to increasing injection costs, this method also causes many secondary problems, such as requiring a great deal of labor to clean the inside of the furnace.

■の方法では、安全、衛生上危険な硫酸を取扱わねばな
らず、硫酸噴霧設備の腐食損傷の発生、ガス中への均一
分散の不十分及びそれに伴う過剰硫酸の存在による電気
集じん装置、煙道、煙突の腐食促進などの欠点がある。
Method (2) requires the handling of sulfuric acid, which is dangerous in terms of safety and hygiene, causing corrosion damage to sulfuric acid spray equipment, insufficient uniform dispersion into the gas, and the presence of excess sulfuric acid resulting in damage to electrostatic precipitators and smoke. There are disadvantages such as accelerated corrosion of roads and chimneys.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

本発明は、石炭燃焼ガス中のダストtit気集じん手段
で捕集する、従来方法の欠点を解消し、ガス中のS−を
So、に酸化してダストに吸着させ、また、酸化鉄粒子
を存在させることによりダストの電気抵抗を低下させて
電気集じん手段の捕集効果の向上を意図した、石炭燃焼
ガス中のダストの捕集方法を提供しようとするものであ
る。
The present invention solves the drawbacks of the conventional method of collecting dust in coal combustion gas using a tit air dust collecting means, oxidizes S- in the gas to So, and adsorbs it to the dust, and also collects iron oxide particles. The present invention aims to provide a method for collecting dust in coal combustion gas, which is intended to improve the collection effect of an electrostatic precipitator by lowering the electrical resistance of the dust by the presence of the dust.

〔問題点を解決するための手段〕[Means for solving problems]

本発明は無機又は有機鉄化合物を、石炭中に添加するか
、あるいは燃・徒ガス温度600〜800℃で管の表面
温度300〜550℃の位置にスートブロワを利用して
炉内に噴霧するか、さらに石炭中及び炉内噴霧を併行し
て行なうことにより、燃焼ガス中に酸化鉄と硫酸ガスを
増加させて該ガス中のダストの電気抵抗を低下させて電
気集じん効率を向上させることを特徴とする石炭燃焼ガ
ス中のダストの捕集方法である。
In the present invention, an inorganic or organic iron compound is added to the coal or sprayed into the furnace using a soot blower at a position where the flue gas temperature is 600 to 800°C and the surface temperature of the tube is 300 to 550°C. Furthermore, by simultaneously performing spraying into the coal and inside the furnace, iron oxide and sulfuric acid gas are increased in the combustion gas, reducing the electrical resistance of the dust in the gas and improving electrostatic collection efficiency. This is a method for collecting dust in coal combustion gas.

なお、石炭中に添加する鉄化合物は種類を問わないが、
炉内に添加するものはFe、03か、分解して容易にF
e1O1を発生するものがよく、同時に硫酸ガスを発生
するものであれば一層好ましい。
Note that the type of iron compound added to coal does not matter;
The material added to the furnace is either Fe, 03 or easily decomposed into F.
It is preferable to use one that generates e1O1, and more preferably one that generates sulfuric acid gas at the same time.

具体的には、ナフテン酸鉄、錯酸鉄、カルボン酸鉄、オ
キシ酸化鉄(F800H)等の有機鉄化合物や硫酸鉄等
の無機鉄化合物を使用することができる。特に、硫酸鉄
は水溶性のために炉内注入が容易となる。
Specifically, organic iron compounds such as iron naphthenate, iron complex acid, iron carboxylate, iron oxyoxide (F800H), and inorganic iron compounds such as iron sulfate can be used. In particular, since iron sulfate is water-soluble, it can be easily injected into the furnace.

〔作用〕[Effect]

石炭中に添加される鉄化合物はFe1on微粉になり最
終的にダストの電気抵抗を低下させて電気集じん器の効
率を向上させると同時に、石炭の着火温度を低下させて
燃焼を促進させ、がっFe103微粉末が燃焼炎中で赤
くなり、波長の長い熱線を放出して燃焼を促進するとと
もに蒸発管への輻射伝熱効果を向上させる。
The iron compound added to the coal turns into Fe1on fine powder, which ultimately lowers the electrical resistance of the dust and improves the efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator, while at the same time lowering the ignition temperature of the coal and promoting combustion. The Fe103 fine powder turns red in the combustion flame and emits heat rays with long wavelengths, promoting combustion and improving the radiation heat transfer effect to the evaporator tube.

炉内に鉄化合物の添加は、例えば水溶液の形で燃焼ガス
温度が600〜8oo℃で管の表面温度が300〜55
0℃に相当する節炭器の上流のスートブロワ(煤吹管)
を利用して節炭器管に吹付けることにより行なう。節炭
器管に吹き付ける理由は、この器管の温度(燃焼ガス温
度、管壁温度とも)が燃焼ガス中のSQ、 ?sosに
酸化するのに適していること、伝熱面積が犬きく、燃焼
ガスとの接触が容易であること、注入した鉄化合物が分
解してFe、O,となり、これがSO,→EIO,酸化
の触媒となるのに都合がよいためであるうえ鉄化合物と
してFeSO4を注入すると、これが酸化分解して最終
的にはFe2O,とBO3をつくる。燃焼ガス中KFe
z 03微粒子として浮遊することによりガス状の硫酸
を吸着し、A/、03、Sin、などとの付着を促しま
たは、フライアッシュに硫酸が付着することにより最終
的にはそれらの電気抵抗を低下させ、電気集じん器で捕
集されやすい状態にさせる作用がある。さらにスートブ
ロワから鉄化合物を注入する際、水分が炉内へ注入され
ることとなるが、この水分もダストの電気抵抗の低下に
有効である。
Addition of iron compounds in the furnace, for example in the form of an aqueous solution, is possible when the combustion gas temperature is 600-800°C and the tube surface temperature is 300-55°C.
Soot blower (soot blower) upstream of the economizer equivalent to 0℃
This is done by spraying it onto the economizer pipe using a The reason for blowing into the economizer tube is that the temperature of this tube (both combustion gas temperature and tube wall temperature) is SQ in the combustion gas, ? It is suitable for oxidizing to SOS, has a large heat transfer area, and can easily come into contact with combustion gas.The injected iron compound decomposes into Fe, O, and this becomes SO, → EIO, oxidation. In addition, when FeSO4 is injected as an iron compound, it oxidizes and decomposes, eventually producing Fe2O and BO3. KFe in combustion gas
z Adsorbs gaseous sulfuric acid by floating as 03 fine particles, promoting adhesion with A/, 03, Sin, etc., or ultimately lowering their electrical resistance by adhering sulfuric acid to fly ash. This has the effect of making it easier to collect with an electrostatic precipitator. Furthermore, when the iron compound is injected from the soot blower, moisture is injected into the furnace, and this moisture is also effective in reducing the electrical resistance of the dust.

これらの鉄化合物は、上記のように石炭中に添加するか
、炉内に注入するか、あるいは両者を同時に行なうこと
によυ実施することができる。これらの選択は石炭の性
質によって行なう。
These iron compounds can be added to the coal as described above, injected into the furnace, or both at the same time. These selections are made depending on the properties of the coal.

例えば、排ガス中のダストが捕集しやすいものであって
も、燃焼性が悪いときには、石炭中への添加で済むこと
となります。よく燃焼するが捕集しにくいダストの場合
は炉内注入を選択する。又燃焼が悪く、捕集しにくいダ
ストが発生するときには、両者を併用することとなる。
For example, even if dust in exhaust gas is easy to collect, if it has poor combustibility, it can be added to coal. For dust that burns well but is difficult to collect, choose in-furnace injection. In addition, when combustion is poor and dust that is difficult to collect is generated, both are used in combination.

なお、いずれの場合においても、Fe、)微粉末の生成
により電気集じん効率の向上に寄与する点で違いがない
。いずれにしても、ダストの電気抵抗が1011Ωα以
下好ましくは1−〜101@αΩとなるようにv4整す
る。
In any case, there is no difference in that the production of Fe, ) fine powder contributes to improving the electrostatic collection efficiency. In any case, v4 is adjusted so that the electrical resistance of the dust is 10<11>[Omega][alpha] or less, preferably 1- to 10<1>@[alpha][Omega].

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

本発明の方法を実施するボイラの断面図を第1図(C示
す。鉄化合物を添加した燃料用の石炭は燃焼室1で燃や
し高温の燃焼ガス2は過熱器3.3′、再熱器4、低温
過熱器5、低温再熱器6、節炭器7を通シ空気予熱器8
を出て電気集じん装置9を経て脱硫装置、煙突を通り外
部へ排出される。(脱硫装置、煙突は図外)この装置で
は節炭器の上流側にスートブロワ10を利用してガス流
れに沿って鉄化合物を炉内に注入できるようになってい
る。第1図のボイラ構造ではこの位置が鉄化合物を注入
するのに適した温度範囲に入っている。注入量は、電気
集じん装置9の直前に測定点を有する、ダスト電気抵抗
測定装置の電気抵抗値により制御される。又、11は空
気予熱器8を介して燃焼室1に導入される燃焼用空気の
流れを、12は石炭灰取出口を示す。
A sectional view of a boiler in which the method of the present invention is carried out is shown in Figure 1 (C).Coal for fuel to which iron compounds have been added is burned in a combustion chamber 1, and high-temperature combustion gas 2 is passed through a superheater 3.3' and a reheater. 4, low temperature superheater 5, low temperature reheater 6, energy saver 7 through air preheater 8
It exits, passes through an electrostatic precipitator 9, a desulfurizer, a chimney, and is discharged to the outside. (Desulfurization equipment and chimney are not shown) This equipment uses a soot blower 10 upstream of the economizer to inject iron compounds into the furnace along the gas flow. In the boiler structure shown in FIG. 1, this position is within a temperature range suitable for injecting iron compounds. The injection amount is controlled by the electrical resistance value of a dust electrical resistance measuring device having a measurement point immediately before the electrostatic precipitator 9. Further, 11 indicates a flow of combustion air introduced into the combustion chamber 1 via the air preheater 8, and 12 indicates a coal ash outlet.

この実施例で用いた石炭の化学成分を第1表に示す。こ
の石炭を上記ボイラで燃焼させたときに発生したフライ
アッシュの状況を第2表に第1表       第2表 石炭微粉末中にFeとして重量で500 ppmになる
ようにFe、03  又はナフテン酸鉄を添加し、節炭
器上流側のスートブロワ−よりナフテン酸鉄又は硫酸鉄
を水に溶解して注入した。なお、ナフテン酸鉄は水に溶
解しないため市販の非イオン界面活性剤cc、、アルキ
ルベンゼンスルフォン酸ソーダ、又はC□24セカンダ
リアルコール)を水に対し[15%の割合に入れてエマ
ルジョン状態にして使用した。
Table 1 shows the chemical composition of the coal used in this example. The status of the fly ash generated when this coal was burned in the boiler mentioned above is shown in Table 2. was added, and iron naphthenate or iron sulfate was dissolved in water and injected from a soot blower on the upstream side of the economizer. In addition, since iron naphthenate does not dissolve in water, commercially available nonionic surfactant CC, sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate, or C□24 secondary alcohol) is added to water at a ratio of 15% and used in an emulsion state. did.

上記の条件を相互に組合せてボイラを運転し電気集じん
器入口の位置でガス中のダストiと電気抵抗を測定する
と共に電気集じん器出ロガス中のダスト量を求め電気集
じん器の捕集効率を調査した。なお電気集じん器の架電
条件は電圧55kV、電(Rl1lL25〜CL 5 
mA/Jである。
The boiler is operated by combining the above conditions, and the dust i in the gas and the electrical resistance are measured at the electrostatic precipitator inlet position, and the amount of dust in the electrostatic precipitator output gas is determined. The collection efficiency was investigated. The electrical conditions for the electrostatic precipitator are a voltage of 55 kV and an electric current (Rl1lL25~CL5
mA/J.

それぞれ単独で添加する場合の結果を第3表にみると、
電気抵抗を101″′4Ω口程度低下させ、集じん効率
を約15〜19%向上させた。特にFeSO4をスート
ブロワ−から注入する場合に最も良好な結果が得られた
Table 3 shows the results when each is added individually.
The electrical resistance was reduced by about 101'''4 Ω, and the dust collection efficiency was improved by about 15 to 19%. In particular, the best results were obtained when FeSO4 was injected from the soot blower.

また、石炭中への鉄化合物の添加をスートブロワ−から
の鉄化合物注入と組合せて実施したときの結果を第4表
に示す。この場合においても、スートブロワ−からFe
SO4を注入するものとの組合わせが最も良好な結果が
得られておシ、硫酸ガスの効果を裏付けている。
Further, Table 4 shows the results when the addition of iron compounds into coal was carried out in combination with the injection of iron compounds from a soot blower. In this case as well, Fe is removed from the soot blower.
The best results were obtained in combination with SO4 injection, supporting the effectiveness of sulfuric acid gas.

第  3  表Table 3

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明を実施するだめの装置の概念図である。 復代理人  内 1)  明 復代理人  萩 原 亮 − 復代理人  安 西 篤 夫 (L−一一一一 FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an apparatus for carrying out the present invention. Sub-agent: 1) Akira Sub-agent Ryo Hagi Hara - Sub-agent Atsuo Yasunishi (L-1111

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 無機又は有機鉄化合物を、石炭中に添加するか、あるい
は燃焼ガス温度600〜800℃で管の表面温度300
〜550℃の位置にスートブロワを利用して炉内に噴霧
するか、さらに石炭中及び炉内噴霧を併行して行なうこ
とにより、燃焼ガス中に酸化鉄と硫酸ガスを増加させて
該ガス中のダストの電気抵抗を低下させて電気集じん効
率を向上させることを特徴とする石炭燃焼ガス中のダス
トの捕集方法。
Inorganic or organic iron compounds are added to the coal, or the combustion gas temperature is 600-800°C and the surface temperature of the tube is 300°C.
By spraying into the furnace using a soot blower at a temperature of ~550℃, or by simultaneously spraying into the coal and inside the furnace, iron oxide and sulfuric acid gas are increased in the combustion gas, and the amount of sulfuric acid gas in the gas is increased. A method for collecting dust in coal combustion gas, characterized by reducing the electrical resistance of the dust and improving electrostatic collection efficiency.
JP60246224A 1985-11-05 1985-11-05 Method for collecting dust in coal combustion gas Pending JPS62106852A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60246224A JPS62106852A (en) 1985-11-05 1985-11-05 Method for collecting dust in coal combustion gas

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60246224A JPS62106852A (en) 1985-11-05 1985-11-05 Method for collecting dust in coal combustion gas

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62106852A true JPS62106852A (en) 1987-05-18

Family

ID=17145357

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP60246224A Pending JPS62106852A (en) 1985-11-05 1985-11-05 Method for collecting dust in coal combustion gas

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS62106852A (en)

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JP2004314040A (en) * 2003-04-17 2004-11-11 Ethyl Corp Method for improving efficiency of electrostatic precipitator and method for reducing back-corona discharge on electrostatic precipitator
JP2010059297A (en) * 2008-09-03 2010-03-18 Taihokohzai:Kk Particulate matter-coarsening agent to be added to coal, and coarsening method
JP2011512246A (en) * 2008-02-08 2011-04-21 アルストム テクノロジー リミテッド Method and apparatus for controlling ESP wrapping

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004314040A (en) * 2003-04-17 2004-11-11 Ethyl Corp Method for improving efficiency of electrostatic precipitator and method for reducing back-corona discharge on electrostatic precipitator
JP2011512246A (en) * 2008-02-08 2011-04-21 アルストム テクノロジー リミテッド Method and apparatus for controlling ESP wrapping
JP2010059297A (en) * 2008-09-03 2010-03-18 Taihokohzai:Kk Particulate matter-coarsening agent to be added to coal, and coarsening method

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