JPS6169814A - Acrylonitrile polymer - Google Patents

Acrylonitrile polymer

Info

Publication number
JPS6169814A
JPS6169814A JP19229284A JP19229284A JPS6169814A JP S6169814 A JPS6169814 A JP S6169814A JP 19229284 A JP19229284 A JP 19229284A JP 19229284 A JP19229284 A JP 19229284A JP S6169814 A JPS6169814 A JP S6169814A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
acrylonitrile
polymer
melt
fibers
reduced viscosity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP19229284A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Teruhiko Sugimori
輝彦 杉森
Fumio Suzuki
文男 鈴木
Yoshinobu Shiraishi
白石 義信
Yuichi Fukui
福居 雄一
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
Priority to JP19229284A priority Critical patent/JPS6169814A/en
Publication of JPS6169814A publication Critical patent/JPS6169814A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

PURPOSE:An acrylonitrile polymer which can show improved moldability without using water as a plasticizer and can be formed into fibers, comprising a polymer based on acrylonitrile and having a reduced viscosity of a specified vale or below. CONSTITUTION:A melt formable acrylonitrile polymer consisting of a least 70wt%, preferably at least 80wt% acrylonitrile and having a reduced viscosity <=1.0, preferably <=0.6. A fiber obtained by melt-forming a polymer of an acrylonitrile unit content <70wt% is poor in crystallinity and nonoriented and shows poor properties as a fiber and it carbonization when used as a precursor for carbon fibers. Although the melt formability decreases as the content of the copolymer is decreased, it can be further improved by combining it with a plasticizer.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は溶融賦形可能なアクリロニトリル系重合体に関
するものであり、特に繊維やフィルム、シート状物に賦
形可能なアクリロニトリル系重合体に関するものである
[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an acrylonitrile polymer that can be melt-formed, and particularly to an acrylonitrile polymer that can be formed into fibers, films, and sheet-like products. It is.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

アクリロニトリル系重合体の溶融賦形法としては種々の
方法が検討されており、例えばアクリロニトリル系重合
体のニトリル基に対し、水を配位せしめて熱可塑性をア
クリロニトリル系重合体に賦与する方法が特開昭50−
92683号、同52−45683号及び同52−85
523号公報に報告されている。また、ガスバリヤ−性
を有するアクリロニトリル系重合体フィルムを溶融賦形
法により作る方法が特公昭46−31466号、特開昭
49−55769号公報に報告されている。  、 〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕 前記した技術のうち、アクリロニトリル系重合体のニト
リル基に水分子を配位せしめて溶融賦形する方法は、熱
溶融成形工程での水の分離を防止する為の加圧装置が必
要であり、また溶融成形により得られた成形体中に水の
部数による多数のボイドが存在し、通常の衣料用m維や
資材用繊維、或いは炭素ffl 14!、製造用プレカ
ーサーとして使用することは不可能である。
Various methods have been studied as melt shaping methods for acrylonitrile-based polymers. For example, a method in which water is coordinated to the nitrile groups of the acrylonitrile-based polymer to impart thermoplasticity to the acrylonitrile-based polymer is particularly proposed. 1977-
No. 92683, No. 52-45683 and No. 52-85
It is reported in Publication No. 523. Further, a method for producing an acrylonitrile polymer film having gas barrier properties by a melt shaping method has been reported in Japanese Patent Publication No. 31466/1982 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55769/1989. [Problems to be solved by the invention] Among the above-mentioned techniques, the method of melt-shaping by coordinating water molecules to the nitrile groups of an acrylonitrile-based polymer prevents separation of water during the hot-melt molding process. A pressurizing device is required to do this, and there are many voids due to the amount of water in the molded product obtained by melt molding. , it is impossible to use it as a manufacturing precursor.

また、後者のガスバリヤ−性アクリロニトリル系フィル
ムを溶融賦形法によって作られたものはポリマーの押出
軸方向への厚み斑が200%程度と極めて高いことが判
明しており、半該技術をp j(tHやフィルム形成技
術へ応用して得られるものも同様の斑が存在し、更に均
一性良好なるものとすることはiL<実用性がないと言
われている。現在までのところ、水等の可塑剤を使用せ
ずに溶融賦形法によってアクリロニトリル系繊維を製造
する技術は完成していない。
In addition, it has been found that the latter gas barrier acrylonitrile film made by the melt-forming method has an extremely high thickness unevenness of about 200% in the direction of the extrusion axis of the polymer. (Similar spots exist in products obtained by application to tH and film forming technology, and it is said that it is not practical to achieve even better uniformity.So far, water, etc. The technology for producing acrylonitrile fibers by melt shaping without using plasticizers has not yet been completed.

〔問題を解決するだめの手段〕[Failure to solve the problem]

そこで本発明者らは水をアクリロニトリル系重合体の可
塑剤として使用することなく、その溶融賦形性を向上せ
しめ、繊維製造可能なアクリロニトリル系重合体を得る
ことを目的として検討中のところ、アクリロニトリル系
重合体の□溶融賦形性の低い原因が用いる重合体の分子
量が高(・点にあり、用いるアクリロニトリル系重合体
の還元粘度が1゜0以下、とくに0.6以下のものとす
ることにより、その溶融賦形時の理系性が著しく向上す
ると共に、予想に反して紡糸時における重合体吐出方向
への重合体の配列性が維持されることを見出し本発明を
完成した。
Therefore, the present inventors are currently investigating the purpose of improving the melt formability of an acrylonitrile polymer without using water as a plasticizer, and obtaining an acrylonitrile polymer that can be manufactured into fibers. The reason for the low melt formability of the polymer is that the molecular weight of the polymer used is high. The present invention has been completed by discovering that the physical properties during melt shaping are significantly improved and, contrary to expectations, the orientation of the polymer in the direction of polymer discharge during spinning is maintained.

本発明の要旨とするところは、アクリロニトリル70重
量%以上、好ましくは80重量%以上からなるアクリロ
ニトリル系重合体であり、その重合体の還元粘度が1.
0以下、好ましくは0.6以下の溶融賦形可能なアクリ
ロニトリル系重合体にある。
The gist of the present invention is an acrylonitrile polymer comprising 70% by weight or more, preferably 80% by weight or more of acrylonitrile, and the reduced viscosity of the polymer is 1.
0 or less, preferably 0.6 or less, in a melt-formable acrylonitrile polymer.

本発明のアクリロニトリル系重合体中のアクリロニトリ
ル単位の含有量は70重景%以上であることが必要であ
り、アクリロニトリル単位の含有量が70重量%未満の
重合体を溶融賦形することにより得られた繊維は結晶性
に乏しく無配向状態となり、繊維としての特性が劣ると
共に、炭素繊維製造用プレカーサーとして用いる際には
炭素化収率が低下するなど好ましくない性質を示す。ま
た共重合体量が少なくなるほど溶融賦形性は悪(なるが
、可塑剤との組合せにより溶融賦形性はさらに改善され
る。
The content of acrylonitrile units in the acrylonitrile-based polymer of the present invention must be 70% by weight or more, and the content of acrylonitrile units in the acrylonitrile polymer of the present invention is required to be 70% by weight or more. The resulting fibers have poor crystallinity and are in a non-oriented state, resulting in poor properties as fibers, and when used as precursors for producing carbon fibers, exhibit unfavorable properties such as a decrease in carbonization yield. Furthermore, as the amount of the copolymer decreases, the melt formability becomes worse (although the melt formability is further improved by combination with a plasticizer).

共重合体としては、共重合せしめる単゛独重合体のガラ
ス転移温度(T、r)が−60°C〜+30℃の範囲の
共重合可能なモノマー、例えばメチルアクリレート(T
P=3℃)、 エチルアクリレート(T/=−22℃L
  n−プロピルアクリレート(T/=−44℃)、n
−ブチルアクリレ−1−(TP=−56℃)In−ヘキ
シルメタクリレート(T7= −5℃)、n−オクチル
メタクリレート(’rPニー20’C)、酢酸ビニル(
TP=29℃)、ビニリデンクロリッド(TP=−x7
℃)等が好ましいが、一般にアクリロニトリルと共重合
可能なモノマー、例えばアクリル酸。
The copolymer may be a copolymerizable monomer whose glass transition temperature (T, r) of the homopolymer to be copolymerized is in the range of -60°C to +30°C, such as methyl acrylate (T
P=3℃), ethyl acrylate (T/=-22℃L
n-propyl acrylate (T/=-44°C), n
-Butyl acrylate-1-(TP=-56℃) In-hexyl methacrylate (T7=-5℃), n-octyl methacrylate ('rPnie 20'C), vinyl acetate (
TP=29℃), vinylidene chloride (TP=-x7
C) and the like are preferred, but generally monomers copolymerizable with acrylonitrile, such as acrylic acid.

メタクリル酸、イタコン酸、ヒドロキシアルキルアクリ
レート又はメタクリレート、アクリルアミド、メタクリ
ルアミド等、さらにはこれらのモノマーを複数個組合せ
た共重合体でも実施可能であり、特に限定されるもので
はない。
It is possible to use methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, hydroxyalkyl acrylate or methacrylate, acrylamide, methacrylamide, or a copolymer of a combination of a plurality of these monomers, and there are no particular limitations thereon.

本発明の重要な要因は、アクリロニトリル系別合体の還
元粘度(ηred )が1.0以下であることである。
An important factor of the present invention is that the reduced viscosity (ηred) of the acrylonitrile-based separate polymer is 1.0 or less.

従来開発されてきたアクリロニトリル系重合体は、この
重合体より得られる繊維の物性やフィルムの物性を高い
ものとするため1、ηred (@は高いものほどよい
と考えられ、その成形性を考慮して ηred値を1.
5〜2.5のものとされてきたのである。このように高
い1red値を有するアクリロニトリル系重合体は、そ
の熱溶融成形性が劣るため、ジメチルホルムアミド。
Acrylonitrile-based polymers that have been developed so far have been used in order to improve the physical properties of fibers and films obtained from this polymer. and set the ηred value to 1.
It has been considered to be between 5 and 2.5. Acrylonitrile polymers with such a high 1red value have poor hot melt moldability, so dimethylformamide is used.

ジメチルアセトアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド。Dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide.

r−ブチルラクトンなどの有機溶媒、塩化亜鉛水溶液、
ロダン塩水溶液、硝酸水溶液などの無機系溶剤に溶解し
て紡糸されていたのであるが、得られるFlt維中に残
る溶剤が種々の点で不都合な現象を呈するのである。そ
こで、アクリロニトリル系重合体を溶融賦形法により賦
形する方法が現出することが望まれるのであるか、従来
法においては、わずかにガスバリヤ−性フィルムな作る
技術のみが知られていたのである。このガスバリヤ−性
ヲイルムの作成に供されるアクリロニトリル系重合体は
、熱可塑性共重合成分としてメチルアクリレート等のコ
モノマーを25〜50重量%の範囲で共重合せしめるこ
とにより得られるアクリロニトリル系重合体に熱溶融賦
形性を付与しているのであり、このようなポリマーは、
その溶融流動性は良好なものとなっているが、アクリロ
ニトリル系重合体が本来有している結晶性、配向性等の
特性を消失した物性を示すものとなっている。また、こ
のポリマーは前述したごと(均一な厚みを有する糸状物
やフィルム状物を与えるにたる溶融流動性罠不足してい
る。
Organic solvent such as r-butyllactone, zinc chloride aqueous solution,
Flt fibers were spun by being dissolved in an inorganic solvent such as an aqueous Rodan salt solution or an aqueous nitric acid solution, but the solvent remaining in the resulting Flt fibers causes disadvantageous phenomena in various respects. Therefore, it would be desirable to develop a method for shaping acrylonitrile polymers by melt shaping, since in the past, only a technique for producing films with gas barrier properties was known. . The acrylonitrile polymer used to create this gas barrier film is obtained by copolymerizing a comonomer such as methyl acrylate as a thermoplastic copolymer component in a range of 25 to 50% by weight. This gives the polymer melt formability.
Although its melt fluidity is good, it exhibits physical properties that have lost the characteristics such as crystallinity and orientation that acrylonitrile polymers originally have. Also, as mentioned above, this polymer lacks the melt flow properties necessary to provide threads or films of uniform thickness.

これに対し、本発明のアクリロニトリル系重合体は、そ
の還元粘度ηred  が1.0以下、と(に0.6〜
0.2の範囲のものとすることによって従来技術では予
想もすることが出来なかったアクリロニトリル系重合体
本来の結晶性、配向性等の特性を有したまま良好な溶融
流動性を付与することに成功したものである。
On the other hand, the acrylonitrile polymer of the present invention has a reduced viscosity ηred of 1.0 or less and (0.6 to
By setting the value in the range of 0.2, it is possible to impart good melt fluidity while retaining the crystallinity, orientation, and other characteristics inherent to acrylonitrile polymers, which could not be expected with conventional technology. It was a success.

本発明のアクリロニトリル系重合体は、溶液重合法、懸
濁重合法、乳化重合法等の方法によって作ることができ
る。特にアニオン性界面活性剤としての脂肪族石鹸、ア
ルキル硫酸塩、ジアルキルスルホコハク酸!、  スル
ホン化エステル、スルホン化アミドや非イオン性界面活
性剤としてのポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレン
グリコール等の脂肪酸エステル類、ソルビタン脂肪族エ
ステル類などの乳化剤を用い、分子量調節剤としてプロ
ピルメルカプタン、イングロビルメルカプタン、ブチル
メルカプタン。
The acrylonitrile polymer of the present invention can be produced by a solution polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, or the like. Especially aliphatic soaps, alkyl sulfates and dialkyl sulfosuccinic acids as anionic surfactants! , using emulsifiers such as sulfonated esters, sulfonated amides, fatty acid esters such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, and sorbitan aliphatic esters as nonionic surfactants, and propyl mercaptan, inglobil mercaptan, and sorbitan as molecular weight regulators. Butyl mercaptan.

ベンジルメルカプタン、オクチルメルカプタン。Benzyl mercaptan, octyl mercaptan.

ラウリルメルカプタン等を比較的多量用(・てMl:合
することによって作るのがよい。この乳化重合法によっ
て得られた本発明の重合体は未反応のアクリロニトリル
の含有量も極めて少なく、その溶融賦形性も極めて良好
であり、加熱溶融によるポリマーの熱分解性も認めもれ
な(・。
The polymer of the present invention obtained by this emulsion polymerization method has an extremely small content of unreacted acrylonitrile, and its melt-containing The shapeability is also very good, and the thermal decomposition of the polymer by heating and melting is also remarkable (・.

本発明のアクリロニトリル系重合体を溶融賦形したもの
はポリマーの結晶性、配向性も良好であり、得られた成
形物中へのジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルスルホキシ
ド、ジメチルアセトアミド等の溶剤が残存することもな
く、また未反応アクリロニトリルも認められないのであ
り、衣料用或いは工業用の繊維、フィルムとして或いは
医用や食品工業用フィルムとして利用することが出来る
ものであるっ 〔実施例〕 以下実施例により本発明を説明する。
The melt-shaped acrylonitrile polymer of the present invention has good crystallinity and orientation, and solvents such as dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, and dimethylacetamide may remain in the resulting molded product. Furthermore, there is no unreacted acrylonitrile, and it can be used as textiles or films for clothing or industrial purposes, or as films for medical or food industries. [Examples] The following examples demonstrate the present invention. Explain.

還元粘度ηredは次の条件で測定した。The reduced viscosity ηred was measured under the following conditions.

溶媒ジメチルホルムアルデヒド100ηLI K 重合
体o、sp溶解させ、一定温度25℃によりオストワル
ド型粘度計を使用して測定したポリマー4度0.5%時
の還元粘度の値を示す。
The reduced viscosity values are shown when the polymer is dissolved in dimethyl formaldehyde 100 η LI K at a constant temperature of 25°C and measured using an Ostwald viscometer at 0.5%.

実施例1 ]!:合槽に脱イオン水1000部、乳化剤ペレックス
0TPIO部、過硫酸カリ5部及び連鎖移動剤としてラ
ウリルメルカプタン?第1表に示す割合で仕込んだ。次
いでこの重合槽内にアクリロニトリル(AN)とメチル
アクリレート(MA)との比を第1表に示す割合で50
0部滴下し反応温度55”Cで約6時間乳化重合した。
Example 1]! : In a combined tank, 1000 parts of deionized water, 0 parts of emulsifier Perex, 5 parts of potassium persulfate, and lauryl mercaptan as a chain transfer agent? It was prepared in the proportions shown in Table 1. Next, in this polymerization tank, the ratio of acrylonitrile (AN) and methyl acrylate (MA) was 50% as shown in Table 1.
0 part was added dropwise and emulsion polymerization was carried out at a reaction temperature of 55''C for about 6 hours.

重合を完了した溶液はアクリロニトリル系重合体ラテッ
クスを常法により凝固、固化し、洗浄後45℃で乾燥し
た。得られた重合体の還元粘度の値を第1表中に記す。
After the polymerization was completed, acrylonitrile polymer latex was coagulated and solidified using a conventional method, washed, and then dried at 45°C. The reduced viscosity values of the obtained polymers are shown in Table 1.

表中%は重刑%を示す。The percentage in the table indicates the percentage of severe punishment.

第1表中の実験番号1で作成したアクリロニトリル系7
i1合体を紡糸温度230”Cで溶融紡糸したところ、
溶醋性、紡糸性b:c 損;s)で悪く、糸切れが多発
すると共に、ポリマーが熱分解し良好な繊維とすること
はできなかった。実験番号5に至っては230 ’Cで
ほとんど溶融することができなかった。
Acrylonitrile system 7 prepared in experiment number 1 in Table 1
When the i1 coalescence was melt-spun at a spinning temperature of 230"C,
The meltability and spinnability (b:c loss; s) were poor, the fibers frequently broke, and the polymer was thermally decomposed, making it impossible to obtain good fibers. In Experiment No. 5, almost no melting could be achieved at 230'C.

これに対し、本発明の重合体は230°Cでの溶融紡糸
を充分に行うことができ、沸水中で2倍以上延伸するこ
とにより良好な繊維特性を有するアクリロニトリル系惜
、維とすることができた。
On the other hand, the polymer of the present invention can be sufficiently melt-spun at 230°C, and can be made into an acrylonitrile-based fiber with good fiber properties by drawing it twice or more in boiling water. did it.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

本発明のアクリロニ) IJル系重合体は浴融賦形が可
f、ヒであり、低コストで俄維やフィルムを容易に!I
l!!造することが出来る。
The acrylonitrile polymer of the present invention can be melted in a bath, making it easy to make fibers and films at low cost! I
l! ! can be built.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] アクリロニトリル70重量%以上からなり、還元粘度が
1.0以下の溶融賦形可能なアクリロニトリル系重合体
A melt-formable acrylonitrile polymer comprising 70% by weight or more of acrylonitrile and having a reduced viscosity of 1.0 or less.
JP19229284A 1984-09-13 1984-09-13 Acrylonitrile polymer Pending JPS6169814A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP19229284A JPS6169814A (en) 1984-09-13 1984-09-13 Acrylonitrile polymer

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP19229284A JPS6169814A (en) 1984-09-13 1984-09-13 Acrylonitrile polymer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6169814A true JPS6169814A (en) 1986-04-10

Family

ID=16288845

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP19229284A Pending JPS6169814A (en) 1984-09-13 1984-09-13 Acrylonitrile polymer

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6169814A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0780498A1 (en) * 1995-12-18 1997-06-25 The Standard Oil Company Melt spun acrylonitrile olefinically unsaturated fibers and a process to make fibers
WO2010111882A1 (en) * 2009-03-31 2010-10-07 东华大学 Processes for producing carbon fiber, the filament thereof, and pre-oxidized fiber
US8906278B2 (en) 2009-03-31 2014-12-09 Donghua University Process of melt-spinning polyacrylonitrile fiber

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0780498A1 (en) * 1995-12-18 1997-06-25 The Standard Oil Company Melt spun acrylonitrile olefinically unsaturated fibers and a process to make fibers
US6114034A (en) * 1995-12-18 2000-09-05 The Standard Oil Company Melt spun acrylonitrile olefinically unsaturated fibers and a process to make fibers
WO2010111882A1 (en) * 2009-03-31 2010-10-07 东华大学 Processes for producing carbon fiber, the filament thereof, and pre-oxidized fiber
JP2012522142A (en) * 2009-03-31 2012-09-20 ドンファ ユニバーシティー Carbon fiber, its yarn, and preoxidized fiber manufacturing method
US8906278B2 (en) 2009-03-31 2014-12-09 Donghua University Process of melt-spinning polyacrylonitrile fiber
US9334586B2 (en) 2009-03-31 2016-05-10 Donghua University Process of melt-spinning polyacrylonitrile fiber
US9428850B2 (en) 2009-03-31 2016-08-30 Donghua University Process of making pan-based carbon fiber
US9476147B2 (en) 2009-03-31 2016-10-25 Donghua University Gel spinning process for producing a pan-based precursor fiber
US9644290B2 (en) 2009-03-31 2017-05-09 Donghua University Process of melt-spinning polyacrylonitrile fiber

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