JPS61502808A - Electrode tool for drilling holes in workpieces by electrolytic corrosion and method for drilling holes by electrolytic corrosion using this electrode tool - Google Patents
Electrode tool for drilling holes in workpieces by electrolytic corrosion and method for drilling holes by electrolytic corrosion using this electrode toolInfo
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- JPS61502808A JPS61502808A JP50385284A JP50385284A JPS61502808A JP S61502808 A JPS61502808 A JP S61502808A JP 50385284 A JP50385284 A JP 50385284A JP 50385284 A JP50385284 A JP 50385284A JP S61502808 A JPS61502808 A JP S61502808A
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- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- workpiece
- shell
- electrolytic corrosion
- hole
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
- B23H9/14—Making holes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/04—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるため要約のデータは記録されません。 (57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 被加工物に電食により穴明を4−るための電極工具およびこの電極工具による電 食穴明方法 発明の分野 本発明は電食加工に関し、詳細には°電食穴明(プ用電極工具およびそのような 工具による電食穴明方法に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] Electrode tool for making holes in workpieces by electrolytic corrosion and electric power using this electrode tool Hole clearing method field of invention The present invention relates to electrolytic corrosion machining, and in particular to electrolytic corrosion drilling (electrode tools and such This invention relates to a method for drilling holes by electrolytic corrosion using a tool.
発明の背景 電食加工における一つの問題は電食の結果の生成物の除去である。このような生 成物の効率のよい除去により所望の深さと直径を有する穴が容易に得られる。Background of the invention One problem in galvanic processing is the removal of products resulting from galvanic corrosion. This kind of life Holes with the desired depth and diameter can be easily obtained through efficient removal of the composition.
また、1回のセットアツプで、すなわち前処理あるいは後仕上げを必要とばずに 所望の精度に加工される部品の形状を得ることも可能である。加工の精度と速度 は更に電極工具の作用端から放出されるエネルギーを集中する方法によりきまる ものである。上記のすべては使用される電極工具の構造と使用される加工方法に よりきちるものである。Also, it can be set up in one go, i.e. without the need for pre-treatment or post-finishing. It is also possible to obtain the shape of a part that is machined with desired precision. Machining accuracy and speed is further determined by the way in which the energy emitted from the working end of the electrode tool is concentrated. It is something. All of the above depends on the structure of the electrode tool used and the processing method used. It's even better.
主食生成物および気泡を電極間ギャップから除去するための方法および装置は例 えば***特許第1.139,359号に示されており、この場合には穴明は用電 極を円筒状としその内部に1食生成物の除去のための傾斜した通路を設けている 。加工される被加工物、電極Jりよび誘電液を含む全装置が密閉浴内に入れられ 、そこに過圧力が加えられて液体が電極−被加工物間ギトップに強制的に流入さ れ、電極生成物をそれに乗せて電極内の通路を通り放出するようになっている。Examples of methods and apparatus for removing staple products and air bubbles from the interelectrode gap For example, this is shown in West German Patent No. 1.139,359, in which the perforation is The pole is cylindrical and has an inclined passageway inside for the removal of edible products. . The entire equipment, including the workpiece to be processed, the electrode and the dielectric liquid, is placed in a closed bath. , overpressure is applied there and the liquid is forced to flow into the top between the electrode and the workpiece. The electrode product is loaded onto it and discharged through a passageway within the electrode.
しかしながら、この電橋構造は小径の深穴加工には不適当である。すなわち通路 の入口面積に対し6i極の表面積がかなり大きくなり能率的な生成物除去が出来 ないからである。更に形成される穴の深さは電極内通路の電極中心線への突出長 さより大きくすることが出来ない。However, this electric bridge structure is unsuitable for drilling small-diameter deep holes. i.e. passage The surface area of the 6i pole is considerably larger than the inlet area of the That's because there isn't. Furthermore, the depth of the hole formed is determined by the protrusion length of the channel in the electrode from the center line of the electrode. It cannot be made larger than that.
これらの欠点はフランス特許第1..178.722号により部分的に解決され ている。この特許に43いては電極工具が中空管の形をなしており、その中に誘 電液が圧力のかかった状態で供給され、電食生成物を電極−被加工物間ギャップ を通して浴中に出すようになっている。被加工物には誘電体液中にキャビテーシ ョンが生じるような振幅をもつ発振動作が与えられてそれにより生成物の除去を 行なうようになっている。被加工物は同時に回転するようにされている。These drawbacks are explained in French patent No. 1. .. Partially resolved by 178.722 ing. In this patent, the electrode tool is in the form of a hollow tube, and the electrode tool is in the form of a hollow tube. Electrolyte is supplied under pressure to remove electrolytic corrosion products from the gap between the electrode and the workpiece. It is designed to be taken out into the bath through the tube. The workpiece has cavities in the dielectric liquid. An oscillating motion is applied with an amplitude such that oscillations occur, thereby removing the product. It is supposed to be done. The workpieces are made to rotate at the same time.
しかしながらこの電極構造は寸法の大きい“七食生成物粒子を形成するような大 111.ffi ffi流を用いての穴明けには不適当である。However, this electrode structure is not suitable for large-sized 111. ffi It is unsuitable for drilling using the ffi style.
電気パルスfli 電により蒸発成分が生じ電極に加わる熱弾性応力によるピッ 1−の形成が生じる。そのような成分の粒子の寸法は放電電力が大きくなり且つ パルス幅が小さくなると大きくなる。それ故放電電流の増加によりそれら粒子が ギャップから出られなくなって短絡を生じさせて電極端部に主食生成物が形成し 成長することになる。従って、なだらかな縁部をもつ弱い電流が電食プロセスの 効率によい影響を与え、加工装置の信頼性と品質によい影響を与える。Electrical pulse fli Electricity generates evaporated components, causing a pitch due to thermoelastic stress applied to the electrode. Formation of 1- occurs. The particle size of such components increases as the discharge power increases and It increases as the pulse width becomes smaller. Therefore, as the discharge current increases, those particles It becomes stuck in the gap, causing a short circuit and the formation of staple products at the end of the electrode. It will grow. Therefore, a weak current with gentle edges is responsible for the electrolytic corrosion process. It has a positive impact on efficiency and has a positive impact on the reliability and quality of processing equipment.
更に上記方法および装置では、電食加工中電極壁近辺の被加工物の部分の材料が そこから1〜1.5mmだけ除去されて形成されている穴の中心に突出部が生じ る傾向をもつから大径の深穴を形成することが出来ない。Furthermore, in the above method and apparatus, the material in the part of the workpiece near the electrode wall is damaged during electrolytic corrosion processing. A protrusion is created in the center of the hole formed by removing 1 to 1.5 mm from there. Because of this tendency, it is not possible to form deep holes with large diameters.
また米国特許第2.718.581号に示される電食加工装置では実質的に円筒 中空の電極内部にこの電極と同じレベルで他の中空電極が対称的に配置されてい る。この第2の電極は中心に除去されない部分を残しつつ芯を部分的に除去する ように作用する。Furthermore, the electrolytic corrosion processing apparatus shown in U.S. Pat. No. 2,718,581 has a substantially cylindrical shape. Another hollow electrode is placed symmetrically inside the hollow electrode at the same level as this electrode. Ru. This second electrode partially removes the core while leaving an unremoved portion in the center. It works like this.
穴が成る深さとなると電食生成物は内部の円筒電極内部から出られなくなり、従 ってそれ以上の穴明けが不可能となる。電食生成物はこれら電極の壁面間のギャ ップを通って誘電体液と共に除去される。When the hole becomes deep enough, the electrolytic corrosion products cannot come out from inside the internal cylindrical electrode, and the It becomes impossible to drill any further holes. Electrolytic corrosion products are caused by the gap between the walls of these electrodes. is removed along with the dielectric liquid through the cap.
しかしながら、この装置には人径浅穴しか形成出来ないという欠点がある。また その動作も充分信頼出来るものではない。However, this device has the disadvantage that it can only form shallow human-diameter holes. Also Its operation is also not reliable enough.
本発明に近い従来技術としてはフランス特許第2.097.709号があり、こ れによれば電極工具は殻に囲まれIJ中央電極を佑え、中央゛:)1極(よ矩形 または三角形のn面をイーi シ殻と同じレベルに配置された渦巻き状の棒の形 状を有する。A prior art close to the present invention is French Patent No. 2.097.709, which According to this, the electrode tool is surrounded by a shell and has an IJ central electrode, with one pole in the center (a rectangular shape). Or the shape of a spiral rod placed on the n side of the triangle at the same level as the shell has a condition.
この中央電極は電極と殻の内面との間に1具の中心線を越えては伸びない実質的 に渦巻き状あいろはへイコイド状の通路を形成するように巻かれている。This central electrode has a substantially non-contact structure that does not extend beyond the centerline of the tool between the electrode and the inner surface of the shell. The spiral airoba is wound to form a heicoidal passage.
この構造の本質的な欠点は電食加工プロセスとしては低効率でなければ深穴形成 が出来ないということである。この欠点は大電流の領域で(ま大寸法の電食生成 物が中央電極から分離出来ずそれ放電極間の小さいギャップのためにそこに溶着 してしまうからである。他方、定食生成物の吊は解放されるエネルギーの密度の 増大により増加づるために、解放されるエネルギーを電極の一小部分に集中する ことが出来ず、これが電食加工プロセスの効率に影響する。また殻内にある渦巻 き状の中央電極は電食生成物を運ぶ上向きの誘電体の流れに対して抵抗を与える 。これにより中央電極の表面に電食生成物が堆積し電極工具内の通路を塞ぐこと になる。これによりこの装置の信頼性が低下する。更に上記の電極工具の構造は 中央主権の形状がかなりの横断面寸法となるために小径の穴の形成を不可能にす る。The essential drawback of this structure is that it is not efficient enough to form deep holes in the electrolytic corrosion process. This means that it is not possible. This drawback occurs in the region of large currents (and the formation of large-sized electrolytic corrosion). The object cannot be separated from the central electrode and is welded there due to the small gap between the discharge electrodes. This is because you end up doing it. On the other hand, the suspension of fixed food products reduces the density of the released energy. Concentrate the released energy in a small part of the electrode to increase the increase This affects the efficiency of the electrolytic erosion process. Also, the vortex inside the shell The wedge-shaped central electrode provides resistance to the upward flow of dielectric material carrying electrolytic corrosion products. . This causes electrolytic corrosion products to accumulate on the surface of the central electrode and block the passages in the electrode tool. become. This reduces the reliability of the device. Furthermore, the structure of the above electrode tool is The central-sovereign shape results in significant cross-sectional dimensions that make it impossible to form small-diameter holes. Ru.
米国特許第2.902,534号の電食加工方法では電極工具の作用端がその当 初の送り方向とは異なる方向の少なくとも1つの合成された動作を行なうように シフトされつつ工具が加工されている被加工物に向けて進められるようになって いる。この作用端は被加工物に向けて直線的に動かされ、それ故、形をもつ穴を 明りるために電極工具の作用端の中心に対しいく分ずれた中心のまわりで予定の 角度で回転されて工具の作用端を連続的に動かずようになっている。それに続い て第2の予定角度だけ同一の中心のまわりに工具の作用端を再び回転する。これ らすべての段階は所望の回数だけくり返される。In the electrolytic corrosion machining method of U.S. Pat. No. 2,902,534, the working end of the electrode tool is perform at least one combined motion in a direction different from the initial feed direction; While being shifted, the tool can now be advanced towards the workpiece being machined. There is. This working end is moved linearly towards the workpiece and therefore creates a shaped hole. For clarity, the electrode is placed around a center that is somewhat offset from the center of the working end of the electrode tool. The tool is rotated at an angle to keep the working end of the tool continuously stationary. Following that to again rotate the working end of the tool about the same center by a second predetermined angle. this All steps are repeated as many times as desired.
しかしながらこの方法では小径の深穴の形成は出来ない。また、作用端は第1段 階が被加工物の内面の加工を行なうことなく完了した後にもとの位置にもどるの であるから鋭角または逆向をもつ整形された穴を得ることが出来ない。However, this method cannot form deep holes with small diameters. In addition, the working end is the first stage The floor returns to its original position after completion without machining the inner surface of the workpiece. Therefore, it is not possible to obtain shaped holes with acute angles or reverse directions.
加工される穴の形状は工具の形状によりきまり、従って工具の断面は全長にわた る穴の形状と実質的に同一の形状でなければならない。The shape of the hole to be machined is determined by the shape of the tool, so the cross section of the tool is The shape of the hole shall be substantially the same as that of the hole.
発明の開示 本発明の目的は、種々の深さと直径を持つ穴に対して、貫通穴も寵目穴も同様に 、被加工物に電食により穴明をするための電極工具およびこの電極工具による電 食穴明方法を提供するにある。Disclosure of invention The object of the present invention is to provide for holes of various depths and diameters, both through holes and center holes alike. , an electrode tool for drilling a hole in a workpiece by electrolytic corrosion, and an electric current using this electrode tool. It is to provide a clear method.
本発明のもう1つの目的は前処理または後の仕上げを行なわずして1つの態勢で 横方向および縦方向に断面を持つ穴を確実に形成することにある。Another object of the present invention is to provide the The objective is to reliably form a hole with a cross section in the horizontal and vertical directions.
本発明のもう一つ他の目的は、形成される穴の高品質を紺持するために、電極工 具の信頼性の確立と、効率の■(さを高めることにある。Another object of the present invention is to improve the quality of the holes formed by forming electrodes. The aim is to establish the reliability of the ingredients and increase efficiency.
上記の問題点は導電材料からなり、殻内に同心に配置される中央電極からなる、 被加工物内に電食により穴明1]を行なうための電極工具においてこの中央゛電 極を殻に対しギャップをもっJ:うに配置し殻の作用端がら被加jニ物に突出す るようにづることにより解決される。The above problem consists of a central electrode made of conductive material and placed concentrically within the shell. In an electrode tool for drilling a hole in a workpiece by electrolytic corrosion, this central electric Place the pole with a gap between the shell and the working end of the shell to protrude into the applied object. This is solved by writing it as follows.
好適にはこの殻は金属製である。Preferably this shell is made of metal.
好ましくはこの殻の作用端から成る距離のところに絶縁〕−ティングを施すとよ い。An insulating ting is preferably provided at a distance from the working end of this shell. stomach.
あるいはこの殻は誘電材料で形成してもよい。Alternatively, the shell may be formed from a dielectric material.
好ましくはこの殻は管状であり、中央電極は棒状であって、いず机か一方は形成 される穴の形状に一致づる断面をもたねばならない。Preferably, the shell is tubular and the central electrode is rod-shaped, one of which is formed It must have a cross-section that corresponds to the shape of the hole to be filled.
殻の作用端から被加工物へと突出づる中央電極および殻に対するにセツブがより 深い穴の形成を可能にする。The center electrode protrudes from the working end of the shell to the workpiece, and the set-up against the shell is more Allows the formation of deep holes.
殻を金属としそれに電51がかからない椛成とすることににリエネルギーの散逸 を防ぎ中央電極と殻の間および殻と被加工物の間のギャップを通じての定食生成 物のより効率のJこい除去を保証する目的をもって中央電極の側面のシールドと 相まって電食プロセスが容易なものとなる。またしっかりと装着される金属殻に より、穴の形成が更に正確になり、すなわら中心からのずれがなくなる。The shell is made of metal and has no electric current applied to it, which reduces energy dissipation. Prevents flattening formation through the gap between the central electrode and the shell and between the shell and the workpiece A shield on the side of the central electrode and a Combined, the electrolytic corrosion process becomes easier. Also securely attached to the metal shell As a result, the hole is formed more accurately, ie, there is no deviation from the center.
中央電極に加えられると同じ電流ポテンシャルガ金属殻にも加えられるから、殻 自体が電食加工プロセスに加わって更に効率のよい穴の形成が可能になる。Since the same current potential applied to the central electrode is also applied to the metal shell, the shell The material itself is added to the electrolytic erosion process, making it possible to form holes even more efficiently.
金属殻に絶縁コーティングを施し、その殻に電圧が加えられるためにエネルギー は殻の側面から散逸されず、従ってより高い効率が与えられるのであり、すなわ ち1回の放電のエネルギーは被加工物と電極間のギャップあるいは被加工物と殻 間のギャップにのみ放出されるからである。An insulating coating is applied to the metal shell, and a voltage is applied to the shell, which releases energy. is not dissipated from the sides of the shell, thus giving higher efficiency, i.e. The energy of one discharge is generated by the gap between the workpiece and the electrode or the workpiece and the shell. This is because it is released only into the gap between them.
壁厚の小さい殻に与えられる絶縁コーティングにより小径の深穴の形成が可能と なる。また中央電極の側面と穴の壁との間の偶発的な短絡が完全になくなるから 、これはまた穴形成の効率と速度を増大させそして電食加工の精度と表面仕上げ を改善する。The insulating coating applied to the shell with a small wall thickness makes it possible to form a deep hole with a small diameter. Become. It also completely eliminates accidental short circuits between the sides of the center electrode and the walls of the hole. , this also increases the efficiency and speed of hole formation and the accuracy and surface finish of electrolytic erosion machining. improve.
管状の殻と棒状の中央電極その他により深穴およびその深さに対し不変の大断面 を得ることが出来る。A deep hole and a large cross section that does not change with respect to its depth due to the tubular shell and rod-shaped central electrode etc. can be obtained.
殻の形状と加工される穴の形状に一致する中央電極により深さに対し不可能の断 面をもつ種々の形状の穴を形成することが出来る。The central electrode, which matches the shape of the shell and the hole to be machined, allows for impossible cutting to depth. Holes of various shapes with surfaces can be formed.
複雑な縦方向断面をもつ整形された穴を形成するために殻から突出する中央電極 の端部が角度αをもって曲げられ、その曲げ部分の端部が殻の側面から離れるJ こうにりるどよい。A central electrode protrudes from the shell to form a shaped hole with a complex longitudinal cross section. is bent at an angle α, and the end of the bent part leaves the side of the shell J Konirirudoyoi.
またこの電(参工具または被加工物がnいに向t)で進められるようになった本 発明の穴明方法ぐは被加工物または中央電極を回転するとよい。Also, this book allows you to move the tool or workpiece in the opposite direction. The hole-drilling method of the invention preferably involves rotating the workpiece or the central electrode.
好適には本発明の方法においては殻と中央“市(躯が個別に被加工物に向けて進 められる。Preferably, in the method of the invention, the shell and the central "body" are advanced individually toward the workpiece. I can't stand it.
L記の方法にJ:れば任意の寸法および重H,1を5・つ被tit王物に種々の 深さの穴をつくることが出来る。J: If you use the method described in L, you can apply various sizes and weights H, 1 to 5 pieces to the titanium. Can make deep holes.
また本発明の方法では殻と中央′耐ルの進め方は個別的であり、中央電極または 被加工物を回転させつつそれを行なう。In addition, in the method of the present invention, the method of advancing the shell and the center electrode is individual, and the center electrode or This is done while rotating the workpiece.
この方法によれば電食加工のためにアクセスし難く、実質的に管状の物品をつく ることの困難な大型の部品または部品の位置に深穴を形成することが出来る。This method creates substantially tubular articles that are difficult to access for galvanic processing. Deep holes can be formed in large parts or parts that are difficult to locate.
更に、逆用または鋭角をもつ穴形状を得るためには電極工具または被加工物をそ の進行中に、電極工具が被加工物に更に入るときにその進行路に対しほぼ直角の 方向の少なくとも1つの合成動作へとシフトされるとよく、電極工具または被加 工物をはじめの送りに対し反対の方向に動かして穴の逆または鋭角をもつ縦方向 断面形状をつくり出すことが出来る。Furthermore, in order to obtain a hole shape with a reverse or acute angle, the electrode tool or workpiece may be When the electrode tool further enters the workpiece, it is almost perpendicular to its path of travel. The electrode tool or the applied Move the workpiece in the opposite direction to the initial feed to create a longitudinal direction with the opposite or acute angle of the hole. It is possible to create cross-sectional shapes.
実質的に丸い穴をつくるには電極工具の中央電極または被加工物を回転させる。To create a substantially round hole, the center electrode of the electrode tool or the workpiece is rotated.
あるいは電食効率を高めるためには電極工具または被加工物を互いに反対方向に 個別に回転させる。Or, to increase the efficiency of electrolytic corrosion, move the electrode tool or workpiece in opposite directions. Rotate individually.
本発明の方法にJ:れば縦方向において任意の可変深さをもつ形状の穴をつくる ことが出来る。According to the method of the present invention, a hole having an arbitrary variable depth in the longitudinal direction is created. I can do it.
本発明の方法を用いることににす、つくられる穴のそのような可変形状の曲率お よび寸法のaill litが1■能である。By using the method of the present invention, the curvature and shape of such variable shapes of the holes created are and size aill lit is 1.
ここで用いる逆用または鋭角は電極の送りに対し直角の方向の電極工員の同時動 作との組合Vにおいて、被加工物に向けての中央電極の初期送りに対し逆または 反対の方向にα=90°の角度で曲がって突出づる部分を有する電極工具の運動 中被加工物内に得られる角度を意味する。As used herein, reverse or acute angle refers to the simultaneous movement of the electrode worker in a direction perpendicular to the electrode feed. In combination V with the workpiece, the initial feed of the center electrode towards the workpiece is reversed or Movement of an electrode tool with a protruding part bent at an angle α = 90° in the opposite direction Means the angle obtained in the medium workpiece.
図面の簡単な説明 第1図は本発明による゛電極工具を丞す断面図、第2図は金属殻に電圧が印加さ れる場合の電!4!椛造を示す断面図、第3図は金kX殻が絶縁コーティングを 有する場合の電極構造を示す断面図、第4図は誘電性の殻を有する他の実施例を 示す断面図、第5図は中央電極を多角形とした場合の電極構造を示す斜視図、第 6図は殻と中央電極を星形とした場合の実施例を示す斜視図、第7図は殻と中央 電極が所望の角度をもつ多面体である場合の実施例を示す斜視図、第8図は本発 明の他の実施例を示す断面図、第9図は金属殻に電圧を加える場合の他の実施例 を示す断面図、第10図は金属殻に絶縁コーティングを施した他の実施例を示す 断面図、第11図は殻を誘゛泪材料とした他の実施例を示す断面図、第12図は 深さにつれて断面の変化しないスロット状の穴をつくるための他の実施例を示す 断面図、第13図は第12図の電極工具の上面図、第14図、第15図J3よび 第16図は中央電極の突出部の曲げ角によりvIられるスロワ1−状の穴の縦断 面を夫々示す図、第17図は逆あるいは鋭角をもつスロット状穴を示す断面図、 第18図、第19因および第20図は突出曲げ部による丸形穴を夫々示す断面図 、第21図は逆または鋭角をもつ丸形穴を示す断面図である。Brief description of the drawing Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the electrode tool according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the electrode tool according to the present invention. Electricity when it comes! 4! A cross-sectional view showing Kanzo, Figure 3 shows that the gold kX shell has an insulating coating. FIG. 4 shows another embodiment having a dielectric shell. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view, and Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the electrode structure when the central electrode is polygonal. Figure 6 is a perspective view showing an example in which the shell and center electrode are star-shaped, and Figure 7 is the shell and center. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an embodiment in which the electrode is a polyhedron with a desired angle. 9 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 9 is another embodiment in which a voltage is applied to the metal shell. 10 shows another embodiment in which an insulating coating is applied to the metal shell. 11 is a sectional view showing another embodiment in which the shell is made of a dielectric material, and FIG. 12 is a sectional view Another example is shown for making a slot-like hole whose cross section does not change with depth. The sectional view, Figure 13 is a top view of the electrode tool in Figure 12, Figures 14 and 15, J3 and Figure 16 shows a vertical cross-section of a throat-shaped hole defined by the bending angle of the protrusion of the central electrode. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a slotted hole with an inverted or acute angle; Figures 18, 19, and 20 are cross-sectional views showing round holes formed by protruding bent parts, respectively. , FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing a round hole with an inverted or acute angle.
発明を実施する最良のモード 本発明による電食穴加工用の電極工具は導電材料からなる中央を極1(第1図) を有し、この電極の上にニップル3を有しぞしてスリーブ4とシール5により中 央電極1に固定される実質的に中空のアダプタ2が装着されている。The best mode of carrying out the invention The electrode tool for drilling holes by electrolytic corrosion according to the present invention has a central pole made of conductive material as pole 1 (Fig. 1). It has a nipple 3 on top of this electrode and is inserted in the middle by a sleeve 4 and a seal 5. A substantially hollow adapter 2 is fitted which is fixed to the central electrode 1.
スリーブ4に対し反対側においてアダプタ2には殻6が固定されており、中央電 極1がギャップΔBにより囲まれるようになっており、中央電極1は殻6の作用 端から被加工物7に向って長さBCだけ突出する。A shell 6 is fixed to the adapter 2 on the opposite side to the sleeve 4, and a central electrical The pole 1 is surrounded by the gap ΔB, and the central electrode 1 is surrounded by the action of the shell 6. It protrudes from the end toward the workpiece 7 by a length BC.
中央電極1の非作用端は電極工具の装着、送りおよび調整用の手段8に接続され ている。The non-working end of the central electrode 1 is connected to means 8 for loading, feeding and adjusting the electrode tool. ing.
この電極工具は次のように作用する。This electrode tool works as follows.
中央電極1の作用端が被加工物7の前に置かれてパルス電源(図示せず)の負端 子に接続され、一方被加工物7がその正端子に接続される。中央電極1の作用端 が被加工物7に近づけられ、特にそれらの間にスパークが生じるに充分な距離ま で近づけられた俊に、被加工物7の電食が中央°1極1の突出部の領域において 生じる。その結果、穴9が被加工物7に形成され、それを通りそして中央電極1 と殻6どの間のギャップABおよび殻6と被加工物7の間のギャップDEとの関 連において浮いた状態にある電食生成物が容易に排出出来る。殻6に対してギャ ップABが与えられそして中央電極1が殻6の作用端から加工中の被加工物7へ と突出する構造により加工領域からの電食生成物のより効率のよい排出が可能に なり、ぞれにより装置の8聞の増大が保証され、加工品質が改善され、そして小 径の深穴の形成が可能になる。The working end of the central electrode 1 is placed in front of the workpiece 7 and connected to the negative end of a pulsed power source (not shown). and the workpiece 7 is connected to its positive terminal. Working end of central electrode 1 are brought close to the workpiece 7, especially to a sufficient distance that a spark will occur between them. Electrolytic corrosion of the workpiece 7 occurs in the area of the protruding part of the center pole arise. As a result, a hole 9 is formed in the workpiece 7 and passes through it and the central electrode 1 and the gap AB between the shell 6 and the gap DE between the shell 6 and the workpiece 7. Electrolytic corrosion products floating in the chamber can be easily discharged. Gya against shell 6 AB is applied and the central electrode 1 is moved from the working end of the shell 6 to the workpiece 7 being machined. The protruding structure enables more efficient discharge of electrolytic corrosion products from the processing area. each guarantees an increase in equipment capacity, improves processing quality, and reduces It becomes possible to form deep holes with a diameter of
殻6を金属で形成してそれに電流を加えることが出来る。その場合には殻6は中 央電極1の側面をシールドしてエネルギーの散逸を防ぎ、ギャップΔBとDEを 通る電食生成物のより効率の高い排出が可能である。更に、アダプタ2に固定さ れるこの殻6は穴の中心からのずれのない、より正確な加工を保証する。The shell 6 can be made of metal and an electric current can be applied to it. In that case shell 6 is medium Shield the sides of central electrode 1 to prevent energy dissipation, and reduce gaps ΔB and DE. A more efficient discharge of electrolytic corrosion products is possible. Furthermore, it is fixed to adapter 2. This shell 6 ensures more accurate machining without deviation from the center of the hole.
この電食プロセスを更に効率よくするために殻6(第2図)はパルス系の負端子 に接続される。すなわち中央電極1と同じポテンシャルが殻にも加えられて殻6 が電食加工プロセスに参加するようにする。まず、被加工物7の電食が中央電極 1の領域ぐ生じて、被加工物7に小さいクレータ9を形成する。その後、電極工 具は被加工物に送られ、このようにして形成されたクレータ9への中央電極1の 送りにより被加工物7と殻60間の距離が減少して被加工物とIυ6の間にスパ ークが生じる。このようにして殻6の作用端が主食プロ廿スに関係することにな り、大きな穴10(第2図)を生じる。In order to make this electrolytic corrosion process more efficient, shell 6 (Figure 2) is the negative terminal of the pulse system. connected to. In other words, the same potential as that of the central electrode 1 is applied to the shell and the shell 6 to participate in the electrolytic processing process. First, the electrolytic corrosion of the workpiece 7 occurs at the center electrode. 1 area, forming a small crater 9 in the workpiece 7. After that, electrode work The tool is fed into the workpiece and the central electrode 1 is inserted into the crater 9 thus formed. Due to the feeding, the distance between the workpiece 7 and the shell 60 decreases, creating a spacing between the workpiece and Iυ6. A leak occurs. In this way, the working end of the shell 6 becomes related to the staple food production. This results in a large hole 10 (FIG. 2).
形成されるクレータまたは穴へ電極工具を予定の速度で送ることにより、電食プ ロセスが電極工具のIs分すなわちはじめに中央電極1そしてその後に殻6によ る穴明【ノのための以降のシーケンスを維持するようにヒツトされる。言え換え ると、深穴加工の連続的自動自己調整が行なわれ、小さい穴の形成に続く大穴の 加工が行なわれる。Electrolytic erosion is prevented by feeding the electrode tool at a predetermined speed into the crater or hole being formed. The Is portion of the electrode tool, i.e. first the central electrode 1 and then the shell 6. It is hit to maintain the subsequent sequence for the hole clearing. paraphrase This results in continuous automatic self-adjustment of deep hole drilling, with the formation of a small hole followed by a large hole. Processing is performed.
かなりの深さの穴の電食加工の効率と精度を上げるために、絶縁コーティング1 2が殻11の、作用端から成る距離だけ離れたところに与えられる。このような コーティングは、電極工具を更に深く送る間に殻6(第1図、第2図)の側面が 作用しはじめてエネルギーの漏洩を生じさせ、その結果穴加工中穴全長について パルスの形を紹持し且つ殻6の端面でより高密度のエネルギーを放出することが 出来なくなるために必要なものである。To increase the efficiency and accuracy of electrolytic corrosion machining of holes of considerable depth, insulating coating 1 2 is applied to the shell 11 at a distance consisting of the working end. like this The coating is applied to the sides of the shell 6 (Figs. 1 and 2) while feeding the electrode tool deeper. This causes energy leakage, and as a result, the total length of the hole during hole machining is reduced. It is possible to introduce a pulse shape and release higher density energy at the end face of the shell 6. This is necessary in order to become unable to do so.
絶縁コーティング12を有する殻11(第3図)の作用上の特徴は、各放電のエ ネルギーが1つの、特に被加工物7と中央電極1の間または被加工物と殻11の 間のギャップにのみ放出されるということである。The operational characteristics of the shell 11 (FIG. 3) with the insulating coating 12 are energy is one, especially between the workpiece 7 and the central electrode 1 or between the workpiece and the shell 11. This means that it is released only into the gap between the two.
これにより解放されるエネルギーの密度が上がり、その結実装置の効率が改善さ れる。This increases the density of the energy released and improves the efficiency of the fruiting device. It will be done.
小径の穴を形成する場合にはfσ6.11(第1.2.3図)の壁は充分薄いも のである必要があるが、これはそれが金属製の場合には実際上達成不可能である 。小径の穴の形成要件を満足するためにこれら壁は誘電材料で形成するとよい。When forming small-diameter holes, the walls of fσ6.11 (Fig. 1.2.3) should be sufficiently thin. but this is practically unachievable if it is made of metal. . These walls may be formed of a dielectric material to meet the requirements for small diameter holes.
第4図に13で示すMffi性の殻を使用することにより中央電極1の側面と穴 の壁との間の短絡が全くなくなり、電極工具の取扱いが容易になり、殻13から 突出する中央電極1の極めて限られた端面部分のみによる穴加工が可能になる。By using the Mffi shell shown at 13 in Figure 4, the sides and holes of the central electrode 1 can be There is no short circuit between the shell 13 and the wall, the handling of the electrode tool becomes easier, and the Hole machining can be performed using only a very limited end face portion of the protruding central electrode 1.
一方、これは穴の全長にわたり放電パルスの形を維持すること、すなわら、制御 可能なあるいはプログラム可能な穴加工を行なうことを可能にする。上記のこと はすべての穴の形成効率、速度、精度、表面仕上げを向上させそして小径の楡め て深い穴の形成を可能にする。On the other hand, this maintains the shape of the discharge pulse over the entire length of the hole, i.e., the control Allows for flexible or programmable hole machining. The above Improves forming efficiency, speed, accuracy, surface finish of all holes and small diameter elms This allows for the formation of deep holes.
そのような電極工具に電流を供給することにより、金属殻6を有する電極工具に ついて述べたと同様に穴の加工が出来る。By supplying current to such an electrode tool, an electrode tool with a metal shell 6 Holes can be machined in the same way as described above.
上記の電極工具による上記の電食穴加工の方法を実施する際に、実質的に丸い穴 を形成するために中央電極1にその被加工物への送りとは別に回転を与えると電 食加工の効率が向上する。When carrying out the above method of electrolytic corrosion hole machining with the above electrode tool, a substantially round hole In order to form a Food processing efficiency will be improved.
中央電極1の突出部分の長さBC(第1.2.3.4図)を連続動作中のその疲 労の進行中不変に維持するために、殻6.11.13および中央電極1が個々に 被加二[物に向けて送られる。The length BC of the protruding part of the central electrode 1 (Fig. 1.2.3.4) is determined by its fatigue during continuous operation. The shell 6.11.13 and the central electrode 1 are individually Kanji [sent toward an object;
次に神々の形状の穴を形成するための好3aな殻と中央電極の構造について述べ る。縦方向において不変の断面を有する″に11的に円筒形の穴をつくるには中 央電極1(第2.3.4図)は棒状であり殻6.11゜13は管状となるように するとよい。このような電極工具によれば実質的に円筒状の被加工物から管状の 部品をつくることJ′3よび大型の部品またはアクセスの困難な部品位置に円筒 状の穴をつくることが出来る。この場合の殻は金属あるいは誘電コーティングを 有する金属あるいはすべて誘電体で形成することが出来る。Next, we will discuss the structure of the preferable shell and center electrode to form the hole in the shape of the gods. Ru. To make a cylindrical hole in ``11'' with a constant cross section in the longitudinal direction, a medium The central electrode 1 (Fig. 2.3.4) is rod-shaped and the shell 6.11゜13 is tubular. It's good to do that. Such an electrode tool can convert a substantially cylindrical workpiece into a tubular one. Making parts J'3 and cylindrical parts in large or difficult to access parts locations It is possible to create a shaped hole. The shell in this case has a metal or dielectric coating. It can be made of metal or entirely dielectric.
縦方向および横方向の断面が穴の全長にわたり不変である穴をつくるには殻と中 央?tlはその穴の形に一致する横断面を有するものであるとよい。例えば切子 形状の穴16の場合には殻14(第5図〉と中央電極15を鈍角(または直角) 多面体の形にすることも出来る。To create a hole whose longitudinal and transverse cross-sections remain constant throughout the length of the hole, a shell and a core are used. Center? tl preferably has a cross section that matches the shape of the hole. For example, Kiriko In the case of a shaped hole 16, the shell 14 (Fig. 5) and the central electrode 15 are at an obtuse angle (or right angle). It can also be made into a polyhedron.
また、殻17(第6図)と電極18を星形として星形の穴19を形成することも 出来る。Alternatively, the shell 17 (Fig. 6) and the electrode 18 may be formed into a star shape to form a star-shaped hole 19. I can do it.
第7図は他の例を示し、中央電極20とM21は所望の角度の多面体の形の穴2 2をつくるような形状となっている。FIG. 7 shows another example, in which the central electrode 20 and M21 are connected to a polyhedral-shaped hole 2 with a desired angle. It has a shape that creates 2.
この電極工具により穴16.19.22 (第5.6.7図)を形成するには電 極工具を、中央電極15゜18.20、殻14.17.21を互いに個別に送れ ばよい。This electrode tool is used to form holes 16, 19, 22 (Fig. 5.6.7). Feed the pole tool, center electrode 15° 18.20, shell 14.17.21 separately from each other. Bye.
曲がった中央電極を有する電極工具の他の例を考えてみる。Consider another example of an electrode tool with a curved center electrode.
そのような電極工具は導電材料からなり、ニップル25を備えた実質的に中空の アダプタ24をスリーブ26とシール27により固定した中央電極23(第8図 )から構成されている。Such an electrode tool is made of electrically conductive material and has a substantially hollow tube with a nipple 25. The central electrode 23 (Fig. 8 ).
スリーブ26とは反対の側には殻28が固定されて中央電極23がギャップAB で囲まれるようになっており、中央電極23は殻28の作用端から被加工物29 へと突出し、その突出部分が角度αだけ曲げられており、そしてその先端が殻2 8の側面より成る長さだけ離されている。角度αはOくαく180°である。A shell 28 is fixed on the side opposite to the sleeve 26 and the central electrode 23 is connected to the gap AB. The central electrode 23 extends from the working end of the shell 28 to the workpiece 29. The protruding part is bent by an angle α, and the tip is connected to the shell 2. They are separated by a length of 8 sides. The angle α is 0×α×180°.
中央電極23の非作用端は電極工具の装着、送りおよび調整用の手段30に接続 する。The non-working end of the central electrode 23 is connected to means 30 for loading, feeding and adjusting the electrode tool. do.
この実浦例は次のように作用する。This Saneura example works as follows.
中央筒If!23の作用端は被加工物29の前に置かれてパルス電流源(図示せ ず〉の負端子に接続される。Central cylinder If! The working end of 23 is placed in front of the workpiece 29 and is connected to a pulsed current source (not shown). Connected to the negative terminal of
中央電極23の作用端が被加工物29に、特にスバーりが生じるに充分な近さに 4νっだ後に被加工物29の電食が中央電極23の突出部分の領域内で生じる。The working end of the central electrode 23 is close enough to the workpiece 29, in particular that sburs occur. After 4v, electrolytic corrosion of the workpiece 29 occurs in the area of the protruding part of the central electrode 23.
その結果被加工物にクレータ31が生じ、これにおよび中央電極23と殻28の 間のギャップΔBおよび殻28と被加工物2つの間のギャップCDとE Fを通 り)ツいた状態となっている主食生成物が容易に排出出来る。中央電極23のこ の構造とギトツブ△B、並びに中央電極23の曲げ角αの組合せで加工領域から の主食生成物の効率のよい刊出が行なわれ、それにより加工プロレスの効率が上 昇する。As a result, a crater 31 is formed in the workpiece, and the center electrode 23 and shell 28 through the gap ΔB between the shell 28 and the gaps CD and EF between the shell 28 and the two workpieces. (i) Staple food products that are in a sticky state can be easily excreted. Center electrode 23 saw The combination of the structure, the angle △B, and the bending angle α of the central electrode 23 allows Efficient publication of staple food products will be carried out, which will improve the efficiency of processing. rise
殻28は金属でよい。電流をこの殻28に交互に加えることが出来る。この場合 には中央電極23の側面がシールドされてエネルギーの散逸を防ぎ、そしてギャ ップAB、CD、EFを通る電食生成物のより高効率の排出を行1.Zう。更に 、殻28は中心ずれのない穴の正確な形成を保証する。Shell 28 may be metal. Electric current can be applied alternately to this shell 28. in this case The sides of the center electrode 23 are shielded to prevent energy dissipation and to provide a gap. 1. More efficient evacuation of electrolytic corrosion products through taps AB, CD, and EF. Z. Furthermore , shell 28 ensures accurate formation of the hole without off-centering.
この電食プロセスを更に効率のよいものとするために、殻28(第9図)はパル ス電流源の負端子に接続されて中央電極23と同じポテンシャルとされる。これ により殻28が電食プロセスに入ることになる。まず、被加工物の電食は被加工 物2つにクレータ31を生じさける。その後に電極工具が被加工物29のクレー タ31に送られて被加工物29と殻28の間の距離を減少さけてそれらの間にス パークを生じさせる。このように殻28の作用端は電食プロセスに参入してクレ ータ32を形成させる。To make this electrolytic corrosion process even more efficient, the shell 28 (FIG. 9) It is connected to the negative terminal of the current source and has the same potential as the center electrode 23. this This causes the shell 28 to undergo an electrolytic corrosion process. First, electrolytic corrosion of the workpiece is caused by Avoid creating craters 31 on two objects. Then the electrode tool The distance between the workpiece 29 and the shell 28 is reduced so that the space between them is Causes a park. The working end of the shell 28 thus participates in the galvanic corrosion process and cleaves. data 32 is formed.
予定の速度で電極工具をクレータに送ることにより、電食プロセスがはじめに中 央゛電極23によりそしてそれに続いて殻28によるごとくして穴の形成シーケ ンスを維持するようにセットされる。すなわち深穴加工用の連続した自動的な自 己調整が行なわれる。The electrolytic corrosion process is initially interrupted by feeding the electrode tool into the crater at a predetermined speed. The hole formation sequence is performed by means of the central electrode 23 and subsequently by the shell 28. is set to maintain the i.e. continuous automatic automation for deep hole drilling. Self-adjustment takes place.
深穴加工の効率と精度を上げるために殻33に゛電流を与える場合には絶縁コー ティング34が金属殻33の、その作用端から成る距離だ【ノ離れたところに与 えられる。このコーティングは、電極工具を更に深く送るとぎに殻28〈第8図 )の側面が電食作用を行な・)ようになってエネルギーの漏洩を生じその結果穴 の全長の加工中パルスの形を維持しあるいは殻28の端面での高密度のエネルギ ーの放出を不可能にすることがあるために必要なものである。In order to increase the efficiency and accuracy of deep hole drilling, an insulating coat is used when applying current to the shell 33. ting 34 is the distance from the working end of the metal shell 33. available. This coating protects the shell 28 (Fig. 8) when the electrode tool is fed deeper. ) side surface undergoes electrolytic corrosion, causing energy leakage and resulting in holes. The shape of the pulse is maintained during machining the entire length of the shell 28, or the high density energy is This is necessary because it may make it impossible to release
絶縁コー・ティグ34を有する殻33(第10図)の作用上の特徴は夫々の放電 エネルギーが1個のギャップ、特に被加工物29と中央電極23の間または被加 工物ど殻33の間にのみ与えられるということである。これにより解放されるエ ネルギーの密度が上昇し、プロセスの効率を向上させる。The operational characteristics of the shell 33 (FIG. 10) with the insulating coating 34 are Energy can be applied to one gap, especially between the workpiece 29 and the central electrode 23 or This means that it is given only between the construction shells 33. This frees up the Increases energy density and improves process efficiency.
狭いスロット状の穴を形成するには殻28.33(第8.9.10図)の壁は薄 くあるべきであるが、金属製の場合には実際上そのようにすることは不可能であ る。このため、殻は誘電材料で形成するとよい。The walls of the shell 28.33 (Fig. 8.9.10) must be thin to form a narrow slot-like hole. However, in the case of metal, it is practically impossible to do so. Ru. For this reason, the shell is preferably formed of a dielectric material.
誘電体の殻35(第11図)の使用により、中央電極23の側面と形成されてい る穴の壁の間の知略が完全になくなり、電極工具の容易な取扱いおよび中央電極 23の曲がった突出部による穴の加工が可能になる。一方、これにより、穴の全 長にわたり放゛電パルスの形を雑持し、被加工物29の制御可能なあるいはブ[ 1グラム可能な電食加工が可能となる。上記したすべては穴加工の効率、速度を 高めそして精度を向上させる。また深く狭いスロワ1〜状の穴の形成ちり能であ る。The use of a dielectric shell 35 (FIG. 11) allows it to be formed with the sides of the central electrode The gap between the walls of the hole is completely eliminated, allowing easy handling of the electrode tool and the center electrode. Holes can be machined using the curved protrusions of 23. On the other hand, this makes the entire hole The shape of the emitted electric pulse is mixed for a long time, and the workpiece 29 is controllable or pulsed. Electrolytic corrosion processing of 1 gram is possible. All of the above improves the efficiency and speed of hole machining. Enhance and improve accuracy. It is also capable of forming deep and narrow throat-shaped holes. Ru.
この実施例の工具による穴は電流を与えない場合の金属殻28(第8図)を有す るものについて述べたと同様に形成される。The tooled hole in this example has a metal shell 28 (FIG. 8) when no current is applied. It is formed in the same way as described above.
上記の電極工具で実質的に丸い穴をつくる場合には電極23を被加工物に送るこ ととは別にそれを回転させるとよい。When making a substantially round hole with the electrode tool described above, the electrode 23 can be fed into the workpiece. It's a good idea to rotate it separately from the .
」二記の方法は実質的に円形で種々の深さをもつ貫通穴または合口穴の形成に使 用出来る。The method described in Section 2 is used for forming substantially circular through holes or abutment holes of varying depths. Can be used.
深さに沿って可変の横および縦方向断面を有する穴の形成を次に考える。Consider next the formation of holes with variable transverse and longitudinal cross-sections along the depth.
形成される穴の夫々の断面形状は中央電極1の突出部の曲げ角αによりほぼきま る。角度αはOoくαく180°である。The cross-sectional shape of each hole formed is approximately determined by the bending angle α of the protrusion of the central electrode 1. Ru. The angle α is Oo × α × 180°.
この角度αを予め設定することにより、形成されている穴の夫々の断面の寸法と 形状を制御iIlツることが出来る。By setting this angle α in advance, the dimensions of each cross section of the hole being formed and You can control the shape.
穴の深さについての横断面が変化する穴の加工は次のようにして曲げ角αをもつ 中央゛電極突出部により行なわれる。Machining a hole whose cross section changes with respect to the depth of the hole has a bending angle α as follows. This is done by the central electrode protrusion.
電極工具が軸方向で穴に向けて送られるときに、この工具はこの穴を貫通する。When the electrode tool is fed axially towards the hole, it passes through this hole.
その場合にはこの穴は深さに対し断面一定のスロットが形成される(第12.1 3図)。深さについて断面形状の異なる穴を形成するには電極工具または被加工 物25(第8図)にその軸方向の送りと共にその送り方向にほぼ直角の方向の少 なくとも1つの合成動作を与える。それによりffi&工具または被加工物29 の上記のような直角の移動速度が軸方向送りより大きいか小さいかあるいは同じ となりうる。工具または被加工物2つの互いに直交する方向における移動速度の 比により、深さについて形の変わる穴が所望の形で所定の夫々の断面をもって形 成される。In that case, this hole is formed into a slot with a constant cross-section with respect to depth (Section 12.1). Figure 3). To form holes with different cross-sectional shapes in terms of depth, use an electrode tool or workpiece. The object 25 (Fig. 8) is fed in the axial direction as well as in a direction approximately perpendicular to the feeding direction. Give at least one composite action. Thereby ffi & tool or workpiece 29 The perpendicular travel speed as above is greater than, less than, or the same as the axial feed. It can be. The speed of movement of two tools or workpieces in mutually orthogonal directions Depending on the ratio, a hole whose shape changes with depth can be formed in the desired shape and with a predetermined respective cross section. will be accomplished.
この場合の穴の形状は角度αによりきまる。例えばα−90”の場合には穴の形 状が第7図のようになり、αく90゛の場合には第15図のようになり、α〉9 0°の場合には第16図に示すようになる。The shape of the hole in this case is determined by the angle α. For example, in the case of α-90”, the hole shape The shape is as shown in Figure 7, and when α is 90゛, it is as shown in Figure 15, and α〉90゛. In the case of 0°, it becomes as shown in FIG.
鋭角または逆向をもつ穴を形成する場合には中央電極23の突出部をα<90” (第17図)となるように曲げればよい。When forming a hole with an acute angle or a reverse direction, the protrusion of the central electrode 23 should be set at α<90”. (Fig. 17).
電極工具が被加工物29に入った侵にこの工具または被加工物29を、送り路に 対して逆の方向のその動きと共にイの送り方向に直角の方向に初かり。所要の穴 形状によりそしてその横LDJ:び縦方向寸法により、Hいに直交する方向の工 J、Jまたは被加工物29の■り速度の比が選ばれる。When the electrode tool enters the workpiece 29, move the tool or the workpiece 29 into the feed path. With its movement in the opposite direction, it starts in a direction perpendicular to the feeding direction of the i. required hole Depending on the shape and its lateral and longitudinal dimensions, machining in the direction perpendicular to the The ratio of the grinding speeds of J, J or the workpiece 29 is selected.
深さに伴って変化する鋭角をもつ実質的に丸い穴の形成には上記方法に述べ1. :操作とは別にT貝または被加工物29を回転さける。これにより得られる穴の 断面を第18.19.20図に示しており、第21図が鋭角または逆用をも′つ 形状の穴を示している。The formation of a substantially round hole with an acute angle that varies with depth involves the methods described above: 1. :Avoid rotating the T-shell or workpiece 29 apart from the operation. The hole obtained by this The cross section is shown in Figures 18, 19, and 20, and Figure 21 has an acute angle or a reverse angle. Shows a hole in the shape.
被加工物29に対する中央電極23(第8図)の回転は大型の被加工物および被 加工物のアクセスに困難な位置での実質的に丸形の穴形状を実現する。Rotation of the center electrode 23 (FIG. 8) relative to the workpiece 29 is suitable for large workpieces and workpieces. Achieving a substantially round hole shape in difficult to access locations on the workpiece.
被加工物29が小型の場合にはそれが通常X!¥極工具に対して回転される。If the workpiece 29 is small, it is usually X! ¥ Pole is rotated relative to the tool.
この電食加工の効率を上げるためには被加工物29ど中央ffi極23の両方を 別個に逆方向に回転させることが出来る。In order to increase the efficiency of this electrolytic corrosion process, both the workpiece 29 and the central ffi pole 23 are It can be rotated separately in the opposite direction.
本発明の主食加工の上述のプロヒスのすべてが叱1要であれば所望回数くり赳さ れるが、その場合でも電極工具は1時に動作するようにセットされる。If all of the above-mentioned pros in the staple food processing of the present invention are required, it can be repeated as many times as desired. However, even in that case, the electrode tool is set to operate at 1 o'clock.
被加工物と電極工具の間のすべての肋ぎは相対的なものである。例えば被加工物 を静止どし、工具を被加工物に向4Jで送るものとじでこれまで現用した。実質 的に円形の穴をつくるには中央ffi&も回転する。そのような方法は大型の被 加工物を扱う場合あるいはアクセスの九しい部位での穴形成に適している。ある いは被加工物を静止した工具に向けて動かすことも出来る。また静止電極工具の 場合であっても中央電極が加二F中疲労したときにその突出部の良さを一定に維 持するため、殻または中央°電極を動かしてもよい。All ribs between the workpiece and the electrode tool are relative. For example, the workpiece Up until now, it has been used in a way that the tool is kept stationary and the tool is sent in the 4J direction toward the workpiece. Really To make a circular hole, the center ffi& should also be rotated. Such methods Suitable for handling workpieces or forming holes in areas with limited access. be Alternatively, the workpiece can be moved towards a stationary tool. Also, stationary electrode tools Even if the central electrode is fatigued during the process, the quality of its protrusion can be maintained constant. The shell or central electrode may be moved to maintain the position.
円形の穴の場合には被加工物を静止電極工具に対して更に回転させてもよい。In the case of circular holes, the workpiece may be rotated further relative to the stationary electrode tool.
そのような方法は小型の被加工物J3よび管形の棒状部品の形をした被加工物の 製造には好適である。Such a method is applicable to small workpieces J3 and workpieces in the form of tubular bar parts. Suitable for manufacturing.
また電極工具の前方送りあるいは工具への被加工物の送りにおいて逆方向の回転 を両名に与えることも可能である。この方法はt食速度を上げることにより加工 効率を上げるとき、特に中央電極または被加工物の回転速度を上げることが不可 能などきに好ましいものである。Also, rotation in the opposite direction when feeding the electrode tool forward or feeding the workpiece to the tool. It is also possible to give both names. This method improves processing by increasing the eating rate. When increasing efficiency, it is especially impossible to increase the rotation speed of the central electrode or workpiece It is preferred for Noh performances.
また、この電極工具による穴の電食加工中に中央電極の突出部と殻の疲労速度が 等しくなるようなφ)1作モードを選ぶことも可能である。そのような動作は殻 と中央電極の相対的な個別動作の必要性をなくづものである。In addition, the fatigue rate of the protruding part of the central electrode and the shell was It is also possible to select the φ) 1-crop mode that makes them equal. Such behavior is and eliminates the need for relative separate movement of the center electrode.
産業上の利用可能性 前述の通り、本発明の電極工具の構造およびそれによる電食加工方法は種々の深 さと直径をもつ貫通穴まlこは盲目穴J3よび複′Ilな横および縦方向断面形 状を有する穴の形成に有効であり、また前処理あるいは後仕上げを必要どせずに 1つの姿勢での高品質の穴の形成を伴って電極工具の高効率且高信頼性を実現す るものである。Industrial applicability As mentioned above, the structure of the electrode tool of the present invention and the electrolytic corrosion processing method using it can be used in various depths. The through hole with the same diameter as the blind hole J3 has a double horizontal and vertical cross section It is effective for forming holes with a certain shape and does not require pre-treatment or post-finishing. Achieves high efficiency and reliability of the electrode tool with high quality hole formation in one position. It is something that
国際調査報告international search report
Claims (13)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SU1984/000044 WO1986000840A1 (en) | 1984-07-31 | 1984-07-31 | Electrode-instrument and methods for electric discharge broaching of openings in parts |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JPS61502808A true JPS61502808A (en) | 1986-12-04 |
Family
ID=21616861
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP50385284A Pending JPS61502808A (en) | 1984-07-31 | 1984-07-31 | Electrode tool for drilling holes in workpieces by electrolytic corrosion and method for drilling holes by electrolytic corrosion using this electrode tool |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS61502808A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1245728A (en) |
CH (1) | CH669349A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3490750T1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2572665B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2177644B (en) |
SE (2) | SE460347B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1986000840A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO1989007028A1 (en) * | 1988-01-27 | 1989-08-10 | Institut Elektroniki Imeni U.A.Arifova Akademii Na | Device for electro-erosive perforation of parts |
FR2676514B1 (en) * | 1991-05-13 | 1993-09-10 | Framatome Sa | SECURITY SCREW ASSEMBLY OF TWO PARTS AND DEVICES FOR PRODUCING AND IMPLEMENTING SUCH AN ASSEMBLY. |
US5605639A (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1997-02-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Method of producing diffusion holes in turbine components by a multiple piece electrode |
DE19622918A1 (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1997-12-11 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Tool electrode and installation for spark-erosive machining |
US7214901B1 (en) * | 2006-01-17 | 2007-05-08 | General Electric Company | Duplex electrical discharge machining |
DE102010014242A1 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2011-10-13 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Method and electrode for electrochemically machining a workpiece |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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NL180511B (en) * | 1952-08-08 | Toyama Chemical Co Ltd | PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATION WITH ANTIBACTERIAL ACTION, AND 7BETA- (2- (4-ALKYL-2,3-DIOXOPIPERAZINE-1-YLCARBONYLAMINO) ACETYLAMINO) -3- (SUBSTITUATED METHYL) -3-CEPHONE-DIVISION-4-CARBONA. | |
BE553823A (en) * | 1955-12-30 | |||
CH378437A (en) * | 1959-03-04 | 1964-06-15 | Agie Ag Ind Elektronik | Process for electrical discharge machining of metallic workpieces |
US3293166A (en) * | 1963-05-29 | 1966-12-20 | Gen Electric | Electrode for electrolytic machining |
FR1426122A (en) * | 1963-05-29 | 1966-01-28 | Gen Electric | electrolytic machining electrode |
GB1164536A (en) * | 1967-04-07 | 1969-09-17 | British Motor Corp Ltd | Electrochemical Machining |
GB1372446A (en) * | 1972-03-20 | 1974-10-30 | Steremat Veb | Electro-erosion machine tools |
GB1495710A (en) * | 1974-01-30 | 1977-12-21 | Rolls Royce | Apparatus and method for producing branch passages from an elongate passage in a workpiece |
LU73498A1 (en) * | 1975-10-02 | 1977-05-24 | ||
SU657946A1 (en) * | 1976-01-19 | 1979-04-25 | Всесоюзный Заочный Политехнический Институт | Electrochemical piercing method |
IT1192336B (en) * | 1978-10-30 | 1988-03-31 | Fiat Spa | ELECTRODE TOOL FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL REMOVAL PROCESSING |
JPS58149131A (en) * | 1982-02-25 | 1983-09-05 | Inoue Japax Res Inc | Electrospark machining apparatus |
CH668929A5 (en) * | 1984-07-19 | 1989-02-15 | Inst Elektroniki Im U A Arifov | DEVICE electric discharge PUNCHING OF HOLES IN workpieces. |
-
1984
- 1984-07-31 GB GB8606771A patent/GB2177644B/en not_active Expired
- 1984-07-31 DE DE19843490750 patent/DE3490750T1/en not_active Ceased
- 1984-07-31 WO PCT/SU1984/000044 patent/WO1986000840A1/en active Application Filing
- 1984-07-31 JP JP50385284A patent/JPS61502808A/en active Pending
- 1984-10-26 CA CA000466419A patent/CA1245728A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-11-05 FR FR8416809A patent/FR2572665B1/en not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-03-27 SE SE8601445A patent/SE460347B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-07-31 CH CH134286A patent/CH669349A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1988
- 1988-12-05 SE SE8804391A patent/SE8804391L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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GB2177644A (en) | 1987-01-28 |
FR2572665A1 (en) | 1986-05-09 |
SE460347B (en) | 1989-10-02 |
SE8804391D0 (en) | 1988-12-05 |
GB2177644B (en) | 1989-05-17 |
WO1986000840A1 (en) | 1986-02-13 |
CA1245728A (en) | 1988-11-29 |
SE8804391L (en) | 1988-12-05 |
DE3490750T1 (en) | 1986-08-07 |
SE8601445L (en) | 1986-03-27 |
FR2572665B1 (en) | 1987-01-23 |
GB8606771D0 (en) | 1986-04-23 |
CH669349A5 (en) | 1989-03-15 |
SE8601445D0 (en) | 1986-03-27 |
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