JPS6134536B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6134536B2 JPS6134536B2 JP57120395A JP12039582A JPS6134536B2 JP S6134536 B2 JPS6134536 B2 JP S6134536B2 JP 57120395 A JP57120395 A JP 57120395A JP 12039582 A JP12039582 A JP 12039582A JP S6134536 B2 JPS6134536 B2 JP S6134536B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wall
- upright
- enclosure
- soil
- excavated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011513 prestressed concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
- E02D17/04—Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は地表に開口した所望の向さの地下空
間例えば地下室を施工する方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for constructing an underground space, such as a basement, opening into the ground and having a desired orientation.
従来の地下室施工法は、いわゆる矢板工法と称
し、造成されるべき地下室の空間よりもひとまわ
り広い範囲に地表から矢板を打ち込んで囲いを作
つた後、矢板で囲まれた内側の土を堀削除去し
て、工事の基礎面を所望の低さに下げてから建築
に取りかかつた。従つて、建築に要する空間より
も広いスペースを余分に堀削するばかりでなく、
打ち込まれた矢板と建物の壁面とは別物となり、
矢板は最終工事のときに引き抜かれるなど、無駄
が多く、それだけ工期が長くなり、また、コスト
も割高となる憂いがあつた。 The conventional basement construction method is called the sheet pile method, which involves driving sheet piles from the ground surface to create an enclosure in an area slightly wider than the space of the basement to be created, and then removing the soil inside the area surrounded by the sheet piles. After lowering the foundation surface to the desired level, construction began. Therefore, in addition to excavating an extra space larger than the space required for the building,
The driven sheet pile and the wall of the building are different,
There was a lot of waste as the sheet piles were pulled out during the final construction, which lengthened the construction period and made the project relatively expensive.
他方において、地価の高騰に喘ぐ一般市民の住
宅空間を拡張する手段として、最近、地下室の造
成に目が向けられ、それはまた、核攻撃から身を
守る防護シエルターとして万一に備える用意の面
からも重視されるに至つている。 On the other hand, attention has recently been turned to the construction of basements as a means of expanding housing space for ordinary citizens who are suffering from soaring land prices, and they are also being used as protective shelters to protect against nuclear attacks. is also becoming more important.
しかしながら、一般市民のこのような熱望にも
拘らず、比較的工期が短く、建設コストが低廉な
地下室の施工法はまだ見当らない。 However, despite such aspirations from the general public, a construction method for basements that requires a relatively short construction period and is inexpensive to construct has not yet been found.
この発明の目的は、囲みの外側に空き地のない
密集地において、工期が早く、コスト低廉な耐震
構造の地下室施工法を提供することである。 An object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a basement with an earthquake-resistant structure that can be completed quickly and at low cost in a densely populated area with no open space outside the enclosure.
この発明の構成は、上記の目的を達成するため
に、外面長手方向に列設された複数の溝のある支
柱を複数本、所定の向きで、かつ、所定の間隔を
隔てて、地表から土中鉛直方向同一深さにそれぞ
れ植設し、隣り合う該支柱の互いに対向する前記
溝に壁板の両側縁部がそれぞれ嵌合し得る予測の
もとに、それに相当する地表の位置にその壁板を
直立に支持させ、そのようにして直立させた少く
とも４枚以上の壁板によつて囲いが形成されるよ
うにし、ただし、直立させた壁板のうち少くとも
１枚の壁板の直立を回避して前記囲いを開いてお
き、先ず、直立を回避された前記壁板の位置から
前記囲いの内側に入り、内側から前記直立させた
壁板の下及び内側の土壌を掘削除去して搬出し、
前記直立させた壁板はその下側の掘削によりいず
れも前記溝に案内されて自重で降下し、次に、前
記直立させた壁板のうちの少くとも１枚が降下を
完了したとき、回避された前記壁板を所定の位置
に直立させてその下側の土壌の掘削を前記囲いの
内側から行い、そのようにして最終的には、隣り
合う前記支柱間すべての前記壁板が同一の深さで
嵌め込まれると同時に、前記すべての壁板で囲ま
れた土壌がすべて掘削除去され、各壁板下部間に
床板を打設し、前記壁板と支柱及び床板との全接
合部をコツタ乃至鉄筋で連結したので、その連結
部にコンクリートを打設して一体不可分に固定し
て地下室を施工する点にある。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a structure in which a plurality of columns having a plurality of grooves arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction of the outer surface are arranged in a predetermined direction and at a predetermined interval from the ground surface. They are planted at the same depth in the vertical direction, and the walls are installed at the corresponding ground surface position based on the prediction that both side edges of the wall plate can fit into the mutually opposing grooves of the adjacent pillars. The boards are supported upright so that an enclosure is formed by at least four or more upright wall boards, provided that at least one of the upright wall boards is Avoid standing upright and leave the enclosure open, first enter the inside of the enclosure from the position of the wall plate where standing upright was avoided, and excavate and remove the soil under and inside the wall plate that was made to stand upright from the inside. and carry it out,
The upright wall plates are guided by the groove by the excavation below and lower by their own weight, and then, when at least one of the upright wall plates completes its descent, avoidance The wall plates that have been installed are then stood upright in a predetermined position, and the soil underneath is excavated from inside the enclosure.In this way, all the wall plates between adjacent supports are made of the same material. At the same time, all the soil surrounded by all the wall plates is excavated and removed, a floor plate is placed between the lower parts of each wall plate, and all joints between the wall plate and the pillars and floor plates are ground. Since they are connected with reinforcing bars, concrete is cast at the connection part to fix them inseparably and construct the basement.
この発明の構成及び作用を具体的一実施態様に
より図によつて以下に詳述する。 The structure and operation of the present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings according to one specific embodiment.
この発明の達成に不可欠の部材は支柱１４と壁
板１５である。支柱１４は円柱（図示の実施例）
または角柱のコンクリート乃至鋼筒から成り、そ
の外面長手方向に２乃至４本の溝１６が列設され
（第７図、第１２図、第１３図参照）、該溝は支柱
１４の上端面１７では貫設されている反面、支柱
の下端近くの所定の位置ではストツパー１８によ
り行き止まりとなつている。壁板１５はプレスト
レスコンクリートから成る矩形板で、その両側端
面部は支柱１４の溝１６に案内されて下降変位が
可能な巾に作成され、その下端内側面には床板打
設時のコツタ１９が列設されており、その下端縁
部にはカツテイングエツジ２０を設けて降下の促
進に役立てる。 The members essential to accomplishing this invention are the support column 14 and the wall plate 15. The pillar 14 is a cylinder (illustrated embodiment)
Alternatively, it is made of a prismatic concrete or steel cylinder, and two to four grooves 16 are arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction of the outer surface (see FIGS. 7, 12, and 13), and the grooves are connected to the upper end surface 17 of the column However, at a predetermined position near the lower end of the column, it becomes a dead end due to a stopper 18. The wall board 15 is a rectangular board made of prestressed concrete, and its both end faces are made wide enough to allow downward displacement while being guided by the grooves 16 of the pillars 14, and the inner face of the lower end is provided with a dent 19 when the floor board is cast. are arranged in a row, and a cutting edge 20 is provided at the lower end edge to help facilitate the descent.
前記支柱１４は地下室建設現場の地表から土中
に鉛直に植設されることを要し、それには先ずア
ースオーガで土中に鉛直な穴を堀削した後、その
穴内に支柱１４を挿入する。施工される地下室の
形状が立方形（第１図乃至第６図参照）、直方形
の場合には、４本の支柱を植設することになり、
植設された支柱の円周方向の位置は、第１図で示
すように、各支柱に刻設されている溝１６が互に
対向する角度となるように関連して配置される。
地下室の形状が、第１０図で示すように、曲り直
方形の場合には、植設される支柱は、例えば８本
が必要となる。各支柱の植設深さを同一レベルに
すること言うまでもない。 The pillars 14 need to be planted vertically into the soil from the surface of the basement construction site. To do this, first, a vertical hole is dug in the soil with an earth auger, and then the pillars 14 are inserted into the hole. . If the shape of the basement to be constructed is cubic (see Figures 1 to 6) or rectangular, four pillars will be installed.
The circumferential positions of the implanted struts are arranged in relation to each other such that the grooves 16 cut into each strut are at opposing angles, as shown in FIG.
If the shape of the basement is a curved rectangular parallelepiped, as shown in FIG. 10, eight pillars, for example, are required to be planted. It goes without saying that each support should be planted at the same depth.
このようにして各支柱を所定の間隔で鉛直かつ
同一深さに建設する作業が完了したならば、次
に、第３図で示すように、各支柱１４の互に対向
する溝と溝とを結ぶ地表の線上に壁板１５を直立
させる。壁板の直立姿勢を維持する手段として、
例えば、その外側に案内板２１を置く。 Once the work of constructing each support column 14 vertically and at the same depth at a predetermined interval is completed in this way, as shown in FIG. The wall board 15 is made to stand upright on the connecting line on the ground surface. As a means of maintaining the upright position of the wallboard,
For example, a guide plate 21 is placed outside of it.
地下室の形状が、例えば単純な方形の場合に
は、壁板１５は通常４枚で囲みが形成されるが、
最初からその４枚の壁板を直立させたのでは、囲
み内の土壌の堀削排除作業が困難となるので、囲
みを形成する壁板のうち、少くとも１枚の壁板の
直立を回避し、回避された壁板の位置を経由して
土壌を外部に搬出する。 If the shape of the basement is, for example, a simple square, the wall panels 15 are usually surrounded by four panels.
If the four wall plates were made to stand upright from the beginning, it would be difficult to excavate and remove the soil within the enclosure, so at least one of the wall plates that form the enclosure should be kept upright. Then, the soil is transported outside via the avoided wall board position.
第３図及び第４図で示す実施態様では、取り敢
えず３辺の壁板を直立させて、それらの壁板の内
側及び下側の土壌を堀削排除していく。 In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the wall plates on three sides are stood upright, and the soil inside and under the wall plates is excavated and removed.
壁板１５の下の土壌を排除していくと、壁板は
自重により、溝１６にその両側縁部を案内されつ
つ、降下していき、遂にその下端縁部が溝のスト
ツパー１８に当つて降下が完了する（第６図参
照）。 As the soil under the wall board 15 is removed, the wall board descends due to its own weight while being guided by the grooves 16 on both sides of its edges, until its lower edge finally touches the stopper 18 of the groove. The descent is complete (see Figure 6).
何れか１辺の壁板の降下が完了すれば、その壁
板の地表突出部が最低乃至零となるので、残され
た前記第４枚目の壁板を直立させて、その板の内
側及び下側の土壌を堀削排除する（第５図参
照）。 Once the wall board on any one side has been lowered, the protrusion of that wall board from the ground will be at its minimum or zero, so the remaining fourth wall board will be made to stand upright and the inner side of that board and Excavate and remove the soil underneath (see Figure 5).
このようにして、４辺の壁板で囲まれた内側の
土壌を堀削排除する作業と、各壁板１５の自重に
よる降下とが同時に進行し、堀削完了時には各壁
板の降下もまた完了して、地下室の壁面が形成さ
れる。 In this way, the work of excavating and removing the soil inside surrounded by the wall plates on the four sides and the lowering of each wall plate 15 due to its own weight proceed simultaneously, and when the excavation is completed, the lowering of each wall plate also occurs. Once completed, the basement walls are formed.
面２２はコンクリートの現場打設により作成さ
れ、打設されたコンクリートは各壁板１５の内側
下部に列設されているコツタ１９内にも浸入する
ので、両者は一体不動に固定される。 The surface 22 is created by pouring concrete on-site, and the poured concrete also infiltrates into the pots 19 arranged in a row at the inner lower part of each wall board 15, so that both are immovably fixed as one body.
支柱１４と壁板１５との間の固定は、第８図及
び第９図で示すように、支柱の溝側と壁板の側端
側の双方からＵ字形鉄筋２３及び２４をそれぞれ
多数突出させておき、壁板１５の挿着完了後、ス
パイラル筋２５を前記双方のＵ字形鉄筋に交互に
縫うように通して連結させ、それらの連結部にコ
ンクリートを流し込んで固定し、更に、支柱と壁
板との間をコーキングして防水する。 The support 14 and the wall plate 15 are fixed by using a large number of U-shaped reinforcing bars 23 and 24 protruding from both the groove side of the support and the side end of the wall plate, respectively, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. After the wall plate 15 has been installed, the spiral reinforcements 25 are threaded alternately through both U-shaped reinforcement bars to connect them, and concrete is poured into the joints to fix them. Caulk the space between the boards to make it waterproof.
地下室を複数階床にする場合には、第１１図で
示すように、支柱及び壁板を継ぎたして堀削した
後、床板２２の外に中間階床２６を架設する。 If the basement is to have multiple floors, as shown in FIG. 11, after connecting the pillars and wall plates and digging, an intermediate floor 26 is constructed outside the floor plates 22.
壁板１５の厚さは用途によつて充分な厚さのも
のを使用し得る。 The wall plate 15 may have a sufficient thickness depending on the purpose.
以上の詳述で理解されるように、本発明によれ
ば、矢板等を一切使用せず、将来、地下室の支柱
と壁面とを構成する部材を、その侭、土壌堀削時
の囲み形成部材として共用する一方、土壌堀削の
進行に連動させて壁面を自重で降下するように
し、また、従来のように、地下室形成囲みの外側
まで余分に堀削することを解消させたので、無駄
がなく、工期の大巾な短縮と、作業コストの著し
い低廉化とを達成し得るから、需要の多い地下室
の造成に顕著な効果を発揮する。更に、本発明で
は壁板と支柱間及び床板間の全接合部を、コツタ
１９乃至鉄筋２３，２４，２５で相互に連結した
のち、その連結部にコンクリートを打設して、全
体を一体不可分に固定したので、地震から生ずる
ゆがみに対して充分な耐力があり、安心して使用
することができる。 As understood from the above detailed description, according to the present invention, without using any sheet piles or the like, in the future, members that will constitute the pillars and walls of the basement can be used as enclosure-forming members during soil excavation. At the same time, the wall surface is lowered by its own weight in conjunction with the progress of soil excavation, and it also eliminates the need to excavate to the outside of the basement formation enclosure, which was conventional. It is possible to significantly shorten the construction period and significantly reduce the work cost, so it is extremely effective in creating basements, which are in high demand. Furthermore, in the present invention, after all the joints between the wall boards and the columns and between the floor boards are connected to each other with the steel rods 19 and reinforcing bars 23, 24, 25, concrete is poured into the joints, so that the whole is inseparable. Since it is fixed to the ground, it has sufficient resistance to distortion caused by earthquakes, and can be used with peace of mind.
図面は本発明の具体的一実施態様を例示する。
第１図は支柱を埋設する段階を示す平面図、第２
図は第１図２−２線に沿つた縦断面図、第３図は
壁面を埋設する段階を示す平面図、第４図は第３
図４−４線に沿つた縦断面図、第５図は第４の壁
面を埋設する段階を示す平面図、第６図は第５図
６−６線に沿つた縦断面図、第７図は支柱と壁面
と床面との関連を示す要部の拡大平面図、８図は
第７図８−８線に沿つた倍率1/2の縦断面図、第
９図は第７図９−９線に沿つた倍率1/2の縦断面
図、第１０図は他の実施態様を例示する平面図、
第１１図は第３の実施態様を例示する縦断面図、
第１２図及び第１３図は支柱の他の実施態様をそ
れぞれ例示する平面図である。
１４……支柱、１５……壁板、１６……溝、１
７……支柱の上端面部、１８……溝の下端ストツ
パー、１９……コツタ、２０……カツテイングエ
ツジ、２１……案内板、２２……床面、２３及び
２４……Ｕ字形鉄筋、２５……スパイラル鉄筋、
２６……中間階床。
The drawings illustrate one specific embodiment of the invention.
Figure 1 is a plan view showing the stage of burying the pillars;
The figure is a vertical sectional view taken along the line 2-2 in Figure 1, Figure 3 is a plan view showing the stage of burying the wall surface, and Figure 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along the line 2-2 in Figure 1.
Fig. 5 is a plan view showing the stage of burying the fourth wall; Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line 6-6 in Fig. 5; Fig. 7 8 is an enlarged plan view of the main part showing the relationship between the pillar, wall and floor, FIG. FIG. 10 is a plan view illustrating another embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the third embodiment;
FIGS. 12 and 13 are plan views illustrating other embodiments of the strut, respectively. 14... Support column, 15... Wall board, 16... Groove, 1
7... Upper end surface of pillar, 18... Lower end stopper of groove, 19... Kotsuta, 20... Cutting edge, 21... Guide plate, 22... Floor surface, 23 and 24... U-shaped reinforcing bar, 25 ...Spiral reinforcing bar,
26...middle floor.
Claims (1)
柱を複数本、所定の向きで、かつ、所定の間隔を
隔てて、地表から土中鉛直方向同一深さにそれぞ
れ植設し、 隣り合う該支柱の互いに対向する前記溝に壁板
の両側縁部がそれぞれ嵌合し得る予測のもとに、
それに相当する地表の位置にその壁板を直立に支
持させ、そのようにして直立させた少くとも４枚
以上の壁板によつて囲いが形成されるようにし、
ただし、直立させた壁板のうち少くとも１枚の壁
板の直立を回避して前記囲いを開いておき、 先ず、直立を回避された前記壁板の位置から前
記囲いの内側に入り、内側から前記直立させた壁
板の下及び内側の土壌を掘削除去して搬出し、前
記直立させた壁板はその下側の掘削によりいずれ
も前記溝に案内されて自重で降下し、次に、前記
直立させた壁板のうちの少くとも１枚が降下を完
了したとき、回避された前記壁板を所定の位置に
直立させてその下側の土壌の掘削を前記囲いの内
側から行い、そのようにして最終的には、隣り合
う前記支柱間すべての前記壁板が同一の深さで嵌
め込まれると同時に、前記すべての壁板で囲まれ
た土壌がすべて掘削除去され、 各壁板下部間に床板を打設し、 前記壁板と支柱及び床板との全接合部をコツタ
乃至鉄筋で連結したのち、その連結部にコンクリ
ートを打設して一体不可分に固定した、 地下室施工法。[Scope of Claims] 1. A plurality of columns having a plurality of grooves arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction of the outer surface, in a predetermined direction and at a predetermined interval, each at the same depth in the vertical direction from the ground surface. Based on the prediction that both side edges of the wall board can fit into the mutually opposing grooves of the adjacent pillars,
The wall panels are supported upright at the corresponding ground position, and an enclosure is formed by at least four or more wall panels held upright in this way;
However, the enclosure is opened by avoiding at least one of the wall plates that have been made to stand upright, and the user first enters the inside of the enclosure from the position of the wall plate that was prevented from standing upright, and enters the inside of the enclosure. The soil under and inside the upright wall board is excavated and removed, and the upright wall board is guided into the groove and lowered by its own weight due to the excavation below, and then, When at least one of the erected wall plates has completed its descent, the avoided wall plate is erected in a predetermined position and the soil beneath it is excavated from inside the enclosure; In this way, all the wall plates between the adjacent pillars are fitted to the same depth, and at the same time, all the soil surrounded by all the wall plates is excavated and removed, and the area between the lower parts of each wall plate is removed. A basement construction method in which floorboards are cast in the basement, all joints between the wallboards, pillars, and floorboards are connected with steel rods or reinforcing bars, and then concrete is poured at the joints to fix them inseparably.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57120395A JPS5910624A (en) | 1982-07-10 | 1982-07-10 | Construction of basement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57120395A JPS5910624A (en) | 1982-07-10 | 1982-07-10 | Construction of basement |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5910624A JPS5910624A (en) | 1984-01-20 |
| JPS6134536B2 true JPS6134536B2 (en) | 1986-08-08 |
Family
ID=14785143
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57120395A Granted JPS5910624A (en) | 1982-07-10 | 1982-07-10 | Construction of basement |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5910624A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2670815A1 (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1992-06-26 | Labrue Jean Marie | Method and device for sheeting walls |
| JP5976976B1 (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2016-08-24 | 日本スピードショア株式会社 | Slide rail method built-in simple earth retaining method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4939769A (en) * | 1972-08-28 | 1974-04-13 | ||
| JPS5423722A (en) * | 1977-07-18 | 1979-02-22 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Hollow porous isotactic polypropylene fibers and their production |
-
1982
- 1982-07-10 JP JP57120395A patent/JPS5910624A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4939769A (en) * | 1972-08-28 | 1974-04-13 | ||
| JPS5423722A (en) * | 1977-07-18 | 1979-02-22 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Hollow porous isotactic polypropylene fibers and their production |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5910624A (en) | 1984-01-20 |
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