JPS61269975A - Method and apparatus for detecting electrode breakdown in plasma cutting and welding - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for detecting electrode breakdown in plasma cutting and weldingInfo
- Publication number
- JPS61269975A JPS61269975A JP11028285A JP11028285A JPS61269975A JP S61269975 A JPS61269975 A JP S61269975A JP 11028285 A JP11028285 A JP 11028285A JP 11028285 A JP11028285 A JP 11028285A JP S61269975 A JPS61269975 A JP S61269975A
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- circuit
- value
- plasma
- plasma cutting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Arc Welding Control (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明はプラズマ切断・溶接の電極及びノズルの破損を
自動検知する方法および装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for automatically detecting damage to electrodes and nozzles in plasma cutting and welding.
（従来の技術）
プラズマ切断あるいは溶接における電極及びノズルは恒
久的なものではなく、アーク熱により、消耗するもので
ある。この電極等の消耗速度を長くするため、あるいは
プラズマアーク集中性を良くするために、トーチの電極
等の冷却効率を向上させ作業能率向−ヒを図っているが
、電極の破壊は何時発生するかわからない状況である。(Prior Art) Electrodes and nozzles used in plasma cutting or welding are not permanent and are consumed by arc heat. In order to prolong the wear rate of these electrodes or improve plasma arc concentration, efforts are being made to improve work efficiency by improving the cooling efficiency of the torch electrodes, etc., but at what point does the electrode breakage occur? The situation is unclear.
従って、現場に目視監視者を置き、作業能率の不良発生
等を判断して電極を交換するか、過去のデータに基づい
て一定時間経過した場合に車前に交換するか、電極破壊
が数回繰返された後、ノズルと材料間に発生するシリー
ズアークの発生により、電極を交換する方法が一般的で
あった。Therefore, it is recommended to have a visual observer at the site and replace the electrode after determining the occurrence of poor work efficiency, or to replace the electrode in front of the vehicle after a certain period of time has passed based on past data, or if the electrode has been broken several times. It was a common practice to replace the electrode after repeated cycles due to the generation of a series arc between the nozzle and the material.
しかし、これらの事態に気付かずに作業を続けると、電
極等の消耗部品の破損のみでなく、トーチ本体の破損ま
でに波及し大きな事故となるなど、電極破壊が一度発生
すると、即後作業能率が悪化するため、不良率が増加す
ることは勿論のこと、自動化を図ることが困難なため、
この検知方法の確立がヱまれていた。However, if you continue to work without noticing these situations, not only will consumable parts such as electrodes be damaged, but the torch itself will also be damaged, resulting in a major accident. Not only does the defect rate increase due to the deterioration of the process, but it is also difficult to automate the process.
The establishment of this detection method was highly anticipated.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
本発明はこれらの要望を解決する検知手段を提供するも
のであって、電極破壊の初期信号を検知し、その信号を
異常発生信号として、アラームあるいは異常灯を発する
か、またはその信号により作業を非常停止させるなどを
行ない、プラズマトーチの保護及び、不良品の発生を防
止させることを可能とした電極破壊検知方法及び、その
検知装置を提供するものである。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention provides a detection means that solves these demands, and detects an initial signal of electrode breakdown and uses that signal as an abnormality signal to issue an alarm or an abnormality light. The present invention provides a method and device for detecting electrode breakage that makes it possible to protect a plasma torch and prevent the production of defective products by emitting a signal or causing an emergency stop of work based on the signal. .
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明は、プラズマ切断あるいはプラズマ溶接において
、プラズマアーク電圧値あるいはプラズマアーク電流値
のいずれかを常時検出し、この検出値がある基準値より
変動が大きくなると電極破壊と判定する自動制御装置に
より、アラーム、警告灯などにより監視者に知らせるか
、その信号により自動的に作業を停＋ｈさせることを特
徴とした電極破壊検知方法及びその検知装置である。(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention constantly detects either the plasma arc voltage value or the plasma arc current value in plasma cutting or plasma welding, and when the detected value fluctuates more than a certain reference value, An electrode breakdown detection method and its detection device are characterized in that an automatic control device that determines electrode breakdown notifies a supervisor with an alarm, a warning light, etc., or automatically stops work in response to the signal.
電極破壊がとくに発生し易いのは溶接よりも切断の方が
著しいのは衆知のとおりで、その電極寿命を長くするた
めに、酸素切断の場合は、電極中心部にジルコニウムあ
るいはハフニュームを埋込んで使用している。しかしな
がら、正常においても約１時間アークを発生すると電極
は破壊する。It is well known that electrode breakage is more likely to occur during cutting than during welding, and in order to extend the life of the electrode, zirconium or hafnium is embedded in the center of the electrode in the case of oxygen cutting. I am using it. However, even under normal conditions, if an arc is generated for about one hour, the electrode will be destroyed.
その破壊現象とは、切断アークの集中性が悪くなり、切
断能力が悪化し、切断面不良あるいは切断不能となるこ
とで、その経過としては、埋込まれたハフニュームが、
消耗され、その後に電極本体の銅合金も消耗開始されア
ークの拡がりが発生し、また、電極の消耗と共に、ノズ
ルの消耗あるいは電極部の散物がノズルに付着しシリー
ズアークが発生し、ノズルのみに限らずいずれはトーチ
本体を破損するものである。The destructive phenomenon is that the concentration of the cutting arc deteriorates, the cutting ability deteriorates, and the cutting surface becomes defective or cannot be cut.
After that, the copper alloy of the electrode body starts to wear out and the arc spreads.Also, as the electrode wears out, the nozzle wears out or debris from the electrode sticks to the nozzle, causing a series arc, and only the nozzle This will eventually damage the torch body.
この電極破壊は電気的にどのように変化するか調査した
ところ、第１図にプラズマ切断の原理を示すように、パ
イロットアークを電極とノズル間に発生させ、切断時は
電極と材料間に切断アークを発生させ、ガス流によりプ
ラズマを発生するものであるが、電極が破壊すると第２
図工の如くアーク電圧（あるいはアーク電流についても
同じ）が急激に変化することが確認された。この変動に
より電極破壊信号と判定する検知器で、電極と材料間の
電圧変動を検知すればよいが、その他電極と材料間、あ
るいは電極とノズル間でもその変動の検知は可能であり
、また電圧に限らずアーク電流においても検知は可能で
ある。We investigated how this electrode breakdown changes electrically, and found that, as shown in Figure 1, which shows the principle of plasma cutting, a pilot arc is generated between the electrode and the nozzle, and when cutting, a pilot arc is generated between the electrode and the material. It generates an arc and generates plasma due to the gas flow, but if the electrode breaks, a second
It was confirmed that the arc voltage (or the same applies to the arc current) changes rapidly as shown in the figure. It is sufficient to detect the voltage fluctuation between the electrode and the material with a detector that determines this fluctuation as an electrode breakdown signal, but it is also possible to detect the fluctuation between the electrode and the material or between the electrode and the nozzle. Detection is possible not only for arc current but also for arc current.
第１図に示す装置について説明すると、１は被切断材料
、２はプラズマ切断ノズル、３は電極であり、材料１と
電極３間には切断電源４．電極３とノズル２間にはパイ
ロット電源５が設けられる０本発明ではこのようなプラ
ズマ切断設備において、切断中のプラズマアーク電圧を
常時検出し得る如くし、これに基づいて電極破壊を検知
するように構成したものである。すなわち、プラズマ切
断設備に、所定の周波数成分だけを出力するフィルタ回
路６と、該フィルタ回路６からの出力を整流し積分する
整流積分回路７と、該積分回路７からの出力値を予め設
定している基準値と比較して電極破壊か否かを判定する
レベル判定回路８とから構成される電極破壊検知ブロッ
クを接続している。To explain the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, 1 is a material to be cut, 2 is a plasma cutting nozzle, 3 is an electrode, and between the material 1 and the electrode 3 is a cutting power source 4. A pilot power source 5 is provided between the electrode 3 and the nozzle 2. In the present invention, in such plasma cutting equipment, the plasma arc voltage during cutting can be constantly detected, and electrode breakdown can be detected based on this. It is composed of That is, in the plasma cutting equipment, a filter circuit 6 that outputs only a predetermined frequency component, a rectifier-integrator circuit 7 that rectifies and integrates the output from the filter circuit 6, and an output value from the integrator circuit 7 are set in advance. The electrode breakdown detection block is connected to the electrode breakdown detection block, which is composed of a level determination circuit 8 that compares the electrode breakdown with a reference value to determine whether or not the electrode is broken.
電極破壊判定操作を説明すると、第２図工に発生した電
極破壊による急激な電圧変動は、フィルタ回路６により
ノイズ的な波形はカットされ、■図のような波形が出力
され、それを整流積分回路７により整流積分し、第２図
ｍに示すレベル判定回路８において、あるレベル値より
大きいものを出力信号として出力させ、これを電極破壊
信号としてリレーに出力させ、異常灯あるいはアラーム
を発するか、切断作業を自動停とさせるものである。To explain the electrode breakdown judgment operation, the noise-like waveform of the sudden voltage fluctuation caused by the electrode breakdown that occurred in Figure 2 is cut by the filter circuit 6, and the waveform shown in Figure 2 is output, which is passed through the rectifier and integration circuit. 7, the level determination circuit 8 shown in FIG. This automatically stops the cutting operation.
（実施例）
本発明の一実施例として、第１図に示した酸素プラズマ
切断に基づいて説明すると、切断中の定常状態における
アーク電圧は１４０ｖで、陽極的挙動による電圧変動は
約１０Ｖで、周波数は約３００Ｈｚで略一定している。(Example) As an example of the present invention, an explanation will be given based on the oxygen plasma cutting shown in FIG. 1. The arc voltage in the steady state during cutting is 140 V, and the voltage fluctuation due to anodic behavior is about 10 V. The frequency is approximately constant at about 300Hz.
ここで電極はアーク時間経過と共に少しずつ消耗して行
き、アーク時間が約１時間程で一瞬にして大きく破損す
る時点がある。この時のアーク電圧は非常に変動し、約
７０〜１５０Ｖで周波数は約３０〜８０Ｈ２程であり、
フィルタ回路６に、この変動電圧を入力させることによ
り変動電圧の交流分信号のみを出力させる（第２図■）
。Here, the electrode gradually wears out as the arc time elapses, and there comes a point in time when the arc time is approximately 1 hour, and the electrode is instantly and significantly damaged. The arc voltage at this time varies greatly, about 70 to 150V, and the frequency is about 30 to 80H2.
By inputting this fluctuating voltage to the filter circuit 6, only the alternating current signal of the fluctuating voltage is output (Fig. 2 ■)
.
この信号を整流し積分回路７により処理し、信号の継続
時間にほぼ比例した電圧を出力する。この電圧と予め入
力しである設定電圧とをレベル判定回路８で比較し、設
定電圧を越えた時は、電極破壊の異常と判定し、この信
号を電極破壊信号として出力させアラーム信号とするこ
とにより、電極交換を行ない不良品の発生を減少させる
ことができた。This signal is rectified and processed by an integrating circuit 7, which outputs a voltage approximately proportional to the duration of the signal. The level determination circuit 8 compares this voltage with a set voltage that has been input in advance, and when the set voltage is exceeded, it is determined that there is an abnormality in electrode breakdown, and this signal is output as an electrode breakdown signal and used as an alarm signal. As a result, we were able to replace the electrodes and reduce the number of defective products.
（発明の効果）
本発明の検知方法の特許により、電極の極限までの有効
利用、トーチ本体破損防止、あるい不良品の発生防止に
著しく効果を発揮することができ、自動化することも容
易である。また、本発明の装置は上記方法を効果的に実
施することが可能となる。(Effects of the Invention) The patent for the detection method of the present invention allows it to be extremely effective in maximizing the effective use of electrodes, preventing damage to the torch body, and preventing the production of defective products, and can be easily automated. be. Moreover, the apparatus of the present invention enables the above method to be carried out effectively.
一第１図は本発明に係る検知装置の一例を説明するため
の概略図、第２図工〜■は第１図に対応する各出力値の
グラフである。
ｌ・・・被切断材料、２・・・プラズマ切断ノズル、３
電極、４，５・・・電源、６・・・フィルタ回路、７・
・・整流構文回路、８・・・レベル判定回路。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining an example of a detection device according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 to 3 are graphs of each output value corresponding to FIG. 1. l... Material to be cut, 2... Plasma cutting nozzle, 3
Electrode, 4, 5... Power supply, 6... Filter circuit, 7.
... Rectifier syntax circuit, 8... Level judgment circuit.
Claims (1)
ク電圧値あるいはプラズマアーク電流値のいずれかを常
時検出し、ある基準値より変動が大きくなると電極破壊
と判定させることを特徴とする電磁破壊検知方法。 ２）プラズマ切断あるいは溶接設備において、プラズマ
アーク電圧値あるいはプラズマアーク電流値のいずれか
を入力するフィルタ回路と、該フィルタ回路を通った信
号を整流し積分する整流積分回路と、この積分した検出
値を予め設定している基準値と比較し基準値より変動が
大きくなると異常発生信号を出すレベル判定回路と、を
順次設けたことを特徴とする電極破壊検知装置。[Claims] 1) An electromagnetic device characterized in that in plasma cutting or welding, either a plasma arc voltage value or a plasma arc current value is constantly detected, and if the fluctuation becomes larger than a certain reference value, it is determined that the electrode is broken. Destruction detection method. 2) In plasma cutting or welding equipment, a filter circuit that inputs either a plasma arc voltage value or a plasma arc current value, a rectifier-integrator circuit that rectifies and integrates the signal that has passed through the filter circuit, and the integrated detected value. An electrode breakage detection device characterized in that it is sequentially provided with a level determination circuit that compares the change with a preset reference value and outputs an abnormality occurrence signal when the variation becomes larger than the reference value.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11028285A JPH064195B2 (en) | 1985-05-24 | 1985-05-24 | Electrode breakdown detection method and detection device in plasma cutting / welding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11028285A JPH064195B2 (en) | 1985-05-24 | 1985-05-24 | Electrode breakdown detection method and detection device in plasma cutting / welding |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61269975A true JPS61269975A (en) | 1986-11-29 |
| JPH064195B2 JPH064195B2 (en) | 1994-01-19 |
Family
ID=14531736
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11028285A Expired - Lifetime JPH064195B2 (en) | 1985-05-24 | 1985-05-24 | Electrode breakdown detection method and detection device in plasma cutting / welding |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH064195B2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6224864A (en) * | 1985-07-26 | 1987-02-02 | Koike Sanso Kogyo Co Ltd | Method and device for detecting working threshold of electrode for plasma cutting unit |
| JPS62127173A (en) * | 1985-11-29 | 1987-06-09 | Tanaka Seisakusho:Kk | Abnormality detecting method for electrode of plasma torch, or the like |
| CN1042206C (en) * | 1993-02-25 | 1999-02-24 | 株式会社小松制作所 | Plasma cutting method and NC plasma cutting apparatus |
| JP2001018064A (en) * | 1999-07-05 | 2001-01-23 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Plasma welding equipment |
| EP2594119B1 (en) | 2010-07-16 | 2016-03-23 | Hypertherm, Inc | Failure event detection in a plasma arc torch |
| CN116921817A (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-10-24 | 中建安装集团有限公司 | Automatic TIG welding arc concentration on-line monitoring and intelligent early warning method |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20180060112A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2018-06-07 | 주식회사 플러스 | A monitoring device for the plasma discharge electrode condition of an OH radical generator |
-
1985
- 1985-05-24 JP JP11028285A patent/JPH064195B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6224864A (en) * | 1985-07-26 | 1987-02-02 | Koike Sanso Kogyo Co Ltd | Method and device for detecting working threshold of electrode for plasma cutting unit |
| JPS62127173A (en) * | 1985-11-29 | 1987-06-09 | Tanaka Seisakusho:Kk | Abnormality detecting method for electrode of plasma torch, or the like |
| CN1042206C (en) * | 1993-02-25 | 1999-02-24 | 株式会社小松制作所 | Plasma cutting method and NC plasma cutting apparatus |
| JP2001018064A (en) * | 1999-07-05 | 2001-01-23 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Plasma welding equipment |
| EP2594119B1 (en) | 2010-07-16 | 2016-03-23 | Hypertherm, Inc | Failure event detection in a plasma arc torch |
| US10039178B2 (en) | 2010-07-16 | 2018-07-31 | Hypertherm, Inc. | Failure event detection in a plasma arc torch |
| CN116921817A (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-10-24 | 中建安装集团有限公司 | Automatic TIG welding arc concentration on-line monitoring and intelligent early warning method |
| CN116921817B (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-12-15 | 中建安装集团有限公司 | Automatic TIG welding arc concentration on-line monitoring and intelligent early warning method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH064195B2 (en) | 1994-01-19 |
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