JPS61198088A - Photoelectric switch - Google Patents

Photoelectric switch

Info

Publication number
JPS61198088A
JPS61198088A JP60037394A JP3739485A JPS61198088A JP S61198088 A JPS61198088 A JP S61198088A JP 60037394 A JP60037394 A JP 60037394A JP 3739485 A JP3739485 A JP 3739485A JP S61198088 A JPS61198088 A JP S61198088A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
output
light
circuit
signal
gate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP60037394A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH068864B2 (en
Inventor
Kiyoshi Tanigawa
清 谷川
Kiyoshi Hasegawa
長谷川 喜吉
Rikiya Kobashi
力也 小橋
Tadanori Miyauchi
宮内 忠徳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Hokuyo Automatic Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Hokuyo Automatic Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Electric Co Ltd, Hokuyo Automatic Co Ltd filed Critical Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Priority to JP60037394A priority Critical patent/JPH068864B2/en
Publication of JPS61198088A publication Critical patent/JPS61198088A/en
Publication of JPH068864B2 publication Critical patent/JPH068864B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE:To generate no malfunction even in case when an amplifying circuit has been saturated, by detecting a fact that an output of the amplifying circuit has been deflected to the side opposite to an output of a photodetector during a timing clock, and clearing a counting circuit. CONSTITUTION:An output signal b1 of an amplifying circuit 6 is led to a comparator 12 to which a threshold value being lower than the potential of the time of no-signal of the amplifying circuit 6 has been set. The comparator 12 generates a signal h1, when the output b1 of the amplifying circuit 6 is deflected to negative and has drawn near the saturation, and clears a counter 50 by the same timing as the generation of a projecting pulse a1 through an AND gate 13, etc. That is to say, when the projecting pulse has been projected, it is detected that the output of the amplifying circuit 6 is deflected in reverse to the photodetecting output and has drawn near the saturation, and the previous counting value is cleared, therefore, wrong counting corresponding to a photodetecting signal which has been annihilated by the saturation of the amplifying circuit is prevented, and malfunction can be prevented.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明はパルス変調光方式の光電スイッチ、即ちパルス
光を投射する手段と、そのパルス光を受光し、パルスに
同期した受光信号を発生する手段とを備え、その受光信
号を検出して動作する光電スイッチに関するものである
[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a photoelectric switch using a pulse modulation light method, that is, a means for projecting pulsed light, and a device that receives the pulsed light and generates a light reception signal synchronized with the pulse. The present invention relates to a photoelectric switch that operates by detecting a received light signal.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

この種の光電スイッチとして、従来、同期検波によるパ
ルス変調光方式光電スイッチが知られている。
As this type of photoelectric switch, a pulse modulation optical photoelectric switch using synchronous detection is conventionally known.

第3図はその従来の光電スイッチの一例であり、第4図
の信号aに示すようなパルス発振回路シのパルス信号に
より LED等の発光素子3を駆動するとともに、この
パルス発生時にのみ受光信号を通過させるゲート8によ
り受光信号に含まれるノイズ成分を除去する。而して、
ゲート8の出力信号(第4図中の信号e)を抵抗8−1
、コンデンサ9−2から成る積分回路により波形を平滑
化して、コンパレータlOによりレベル判定された出力
を検出出力とするものである。また、一般に受光素子4
の出力は非常に小さいので、コンデンサ8−1および6
−2の間に配設した増幅回路6にて交流会を増幅し、コ
ンパレータ7により一定値以上のものを受光信号(第4
図中の信号d)としている。
Fig. 3 shows an example of a conventional photoelectric switch, in which a light emitting element 3 such as an LED is driven by a pulse signal from a pulse oscillation circuit as shown in signal a in Fig. 4, and a light receiving signal is sent only when this pulse is generated. Noise components contained in the received light signal are removed by a gate 8 that allows the light to pass through. Then,
The output signal of gate 8 (signal e in Figure 4) is connected to resistor 8-1.
, the waveform is smoothed by an integrating circuit consisting of a capacitor 9-2, and the output whose level is determined by a comparator IO is used as a detection output. In addition, generally the light receiving element 4
Since the output of is very small, capacitors 8-1 and 6
The amplification circuit 6 disposed between the
The signal is indicated as d) in the figure.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

しかしながら、この増幅回路6は増幅率が高いので、誘
導性回路等の開閉に伴って発生するノイズの影響を受は
易く、不規則に出力が変動することがある。例えば、第
4図中の信号すの如く、常に受光信号が有る状態でノイ
ズが混入した場合増幅回路6の出力は大きく振られ、正
側で飽和してしまい、次に負側で再び飽和してしまうこ
とがある。このような場合、増幅回路6の出力(第4図
中の信号b)はコンデンサ6−2によって第4図中の信
号Cの如くなり、従ってコンパレータ7の出力(第4図
中の信号d)は本来受光状態であるにもかかわらず、し
生先状態と等しくなってしまうことになる。すなわち、
従来の光電スイッチではノイズのエネルギが大きい場合
は、第4図中の信号fのように、積分回路の定数に従い
一点鎖線で示すコンパレータ10のしきい値以下となっ
てしまうので、第4図中の信号gに示すように誤動作が
生じ易いという欠点があった。
However, since this amplifier circuit 6 has a high amplification factor, it is easily affected by noise generated due to the opening and closing of inductive circuits, etc., and the output may fluctuate irregularly. For example, as shown in the signal shown in Figure 4, if noise is mixed in when there is always a light reception signal, the output of the amplifier circuit 6 will swing greatly, becoming saturated on the positive side, and then saturated again on the negative side. Sometimes it happens. In such a case, the output of the amplifier circuit 6 (signal b in FIG. 4) becomes the signal C in FIG. 4 due to the capacitor 6-2, and therefore the output of the comparator 7 (signal d in FIG. 4) Even though it is originally in the light-receiving state, it ends up being equal to the original state. That is,
In a conventional photoelectric switch, when the noise energy is large, the signal f in FIG. The disadvantage is that malfunctions are likely to occur, as shown in signal g.

〔発明の目的〕[Purpose of the invention]

本発明は、かかる従来の問題点に鑑みて、増幅回路が飽
和した場合にもその飽和に起因する誤動作が生じないよ
うにした信頼性の高い光電スイッチの提供を目的とする
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of these conventional problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a highly reliable photoelectric switch that prevents malfunctions caused by saturation even when an amplifier circuit becomes saturated.

〔問題点を解決するための手段〕[Means for solving problems]

かかる目的を達成するために、本発明は発振回路と、該
発振回路が発生する信号を分周し投受光のタイミングク
ロックを発生する分周回路と、当該発生したタイミング
クロックに応じてパルス発光する発光素子と、該発光素
子の光を受けて電気信号を出力する受光素子と、該受光
素子の出力を増幅する増幅回路と、該増幅回路の出力を
レベル判定し受光出力を発生する比較手段と、前記タイ
ミングクロックによって開き、受光出力を通過させるゲ
ート回路と、該ゲート回路を通過した受光出力のパルス
数を計数し、その計数値が設定値に達したとき受光判定
出力を発生する計数回路と、前記タイミングクロックの
間に増幅回路の出力が前記受光素子の出力とは反対側に
振れたことを検出し、前記計数回路をクリアする計数消
去手段とを具備したことを特徴とする。
In order to achieve this object, the present invention includes an oscillation circuit, a frequency dividing circuit that divides the frequency of a signal generated by the oscillation circuit to generate a timing clock for transmitting and receiving light, and emits pulse light in accordance with the generated timing clock. a light-emitting element, a light-receiving element that receives light from the light-emitting element and outputs an electrical signal, an amplifier circuit that amplifies the output of the light-receiving element, and a comparing means that determines the level of the output of the amplifier circuit and generates a light-receiving output. , a gate circuit that opens according to the timing clock and allows the light reception output to pass; and a counting circuit that counts the number of pulses of the light reception output that has passed through the gate circuit and generates a light reception judgment output when the counted value reaches a set value. , further comprising a count erasing means for detecting that the output of the amplifier circuit swings to a side opposite to the output of the light receiving element during the timing clock, and clearing the counting circuit.

〔作  用〕[For production]

すなわち、投光パルスと同時に発生するゲ“−ト開の期
間内に増幅回路の出力が飽和又は飽和に近いレベルに達
したとき、計数消去手段によりそれまでの積分(計数)
値がクリアされるので、エネルギの大きなノイズが発生
した場合にもその影響が除去できることになる。
In other words, when the output of the amplifier circuit reaches saturation or a level close to saturation during the gate open period that occurs simultaneously with the light emitting pulse, the count erasing means erases the integral (count) up to that point.
Since the value is cleared, even if high-energy noise occurs, its influence can be removed.

〔実 施 例〕〔Example〕

以下、図面を参照して本発明の詳細な説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

第1図は本発明光電スイッチの一構成例を示し、図中従
来と同様に構成できる各部については対応個所に同一符
号を付しである。また、第2図は第1図の各部の動作タ
イミングを示す。
FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of a photoelectric switch according to the present invention, and in the figure, corresponding parts that can be configured in the same manner as in the prior art are given the same reference numerals. Further, FIG. 2 shows the operation timing of each part in FIG. 1.

21〜23は分周手段としての例えばT型フリップフロ
ップであり、発振回路1の出力をフリップフロップ21
のT端子に導き、その回出力をフリップフロップ22の
T端子に導き、さらにその回出力をフリップフロップ2
3のT端子に導くことにより、発振回路1の出力を順次
分周する。24〜26はアンドゲートであり、フリップ
フロップ21〜23のQ出力、回出力を導く。
21 to 23 are, for example, T-type flip-flops as frequency dividing means, and the output of the oscillation circuit 1 is transferred to the flip-flop 21.
The output of the circuit is led to the T terminal of the flip-flop 22, and the output of the circuit is connected to the T terminal of the flip-flop 22.
By leading to the T terminal of No. 3, the output of the oscillation circuit 1 is successively frequency-divided. 24-26 are AND gates, which lead the Q outputs and outputs of the flip-flops 21-23.

アンドゲート24の出力(以下投光パルスという)at
は、投光素子としてのLE[13と、受光信号記憶用の
例えばR−9型フリツプフロツプ40をセットするため
のアンドゲート41と、カウンタ50のクリア用のアン
ドゲート13とに導く、アンドゲート25および2Bの
出力は、それぞれ、フリップフロップ40のリセット端
子およびカウンタ50のクリア用アンドゲート52なら
びに計数入力用のアンドゲート5!に導く。
The output of the AND gate 24 (hereinafter referred to as the light emitting pulse) at
is an AND gate 25 that leads to LE[13 as a light emitting element, an AND gate 41 for setting, for example, an R-9 type flip-flop 40 for storing a received light signal, and an AND gate 13 for clearing a counter 50. The outputs of 2B and 2B are the reset terminal of the flip-flop 40, the AND gate 52 for clearing the counter 50, and the AND gate 5! for counting input, respectively. lead to.

LED3に投光パルスa1が与えられるのに先立ち、フ
リップ70ツブ40はアンドゲート25の出力によリリ
セットされる。LED3の投射光がフォトトランジスタ
等の受光素子4に入射すると、その出力は交流増幅回路
6で増幅され(信号b1)、その交流成分についてコン
パレータ18は受光信号clの有無を判別する。この場
合、受光素子4に光が入射すると受光素子4には光電流
が流れ負のパルスを発生するので増幅回路6が反転増幅
を行い正のパルス信号となる。アントゲ−)41には投
光パルスalとともにコンパレータ18の出力d1を導
く、従って投光パルスalの入力時にコンパレータ18
に受光出力信号c1が入力されるとフリップフロップ4
0がセットされる。
Before the light emitting pulse a1 is applied to the LED 3, the flip 70 knob 40 is reset by the output of the AND gate 25. When the projected light of the LED 3 enters the light receiving element 4 such as a phototransistor, its output is amplified by the AC amplifier circuit 6 (signal b1), and the comparator 18 determines the presence or absence of the light receiving signal cl regarding the AC component. In this case, when light is incident on the light receiving element 4, a photocurrent flows through the light receiving element 4 and generates a negative pulse, so the amplifier circuit 6 performs inversion amplification to produce a positive pulse signal. The output d1 of the comparator 18 is introduced into the ant game) 41 together with the light emitting pulse al. Therefore, when the light emitting pulse al is input, the comparator 18
When the received light output signal c1 is input to the flip-flop 4
0 is set.

増幅回路6の出力信号blはざらに増*回路6の無信号
時の電位より低いしきい値を設定したコンパレータ12
にも導く、コンパレータ12は増幅回路6の出力blが
負に振れ飽和に近づいたときに信号h1を発生し、アン
ドゲート13.オアゲート53を介して投光パルスa1
の発生と同じタイミングでカウンタ50をクリアする。
The output signal bl of the amplifier circuit 6 increases gradually *The comparator 12 has a threshold value lower than the potential of the circuit 6 when there is no signal.
The comparator 12 generates a signal h1 when the output bl of the amplifier circuit 6 becomes negative and approaches saturation, and the AND gate 13. Light emission pulse a1 via OR gate 53
The counter 50 is cleared at the same timing as the occurrence of.

一方、フリップフロップ40のQ出力および回出力は、
それぞれ、アンドゲート91および92を介して検出出
力信号記憶用のフリップフロップ90のセット端子およ
びリセット端子に接続する3また、フリップフロップ4
0および90のQ出力をエクスクル−シブ・オアゲート
10を介してカウンタ50の計数入力用アンドゲート5
1に接続する。さらに、エクスクル−シブ・オアゲート
10の出力をインバータ101を介してカウンタ50の
クリア用アンドゲート52に供給する。
On the other hand, the Q output and the output of the flip-flop 40 are:
3 and a flip-flop 4 connected to the set terminal and reset terminal of a flip-flop 90 for storing the detection output signal through AND gates 91 and 92, respectively.
The Q outputs of 0 and 90 are passed through the exclusive OR gate 10 to the AND gate 5 for counting input to the counter 50.
Connect to 1. Further, the output of the exclusive OR gate 10 is supplied to the clearing AND gate 52 of the counter 50 via the inverter 101.

投光パルスa1の入力期間後、アンドゲート26がパル
スが発生すると、受光信号記憶用のフリップフロップ4
0の出力と検出出力信号記憶用フリップフロップ90の
出力とが一致している場合には、カウンタ50のクリア
入力ゲート52が開いているのでカウンタ50はクリア
される。一方、7リツプ70ツブ40および90の出力
が不一致の場合には、計数入力ゲート51が開いている
ので、カウンタ50は計数値を+1歩進する。すなわち
、カウンタ50は受光出力信号と検出出力信号とが異る
場合に、受光出力信号の連続数を計数する。
After the input period of the light emitting pulse a1, when the AND gate 26 generates a pulse, the flip-flop 4 for storing the received light signal
If the output of 0 and the output of the detection output signal storage flip-flop 90 match, the counter 50 is cleared because the clear input gate 52 of the counter 50 is open. On the other hand, if the outputs of the 7-lip 70-tubes 40 and 90 do not match, the counter 50 increments the count value by +1 since the counting input gate 51 is open. That is, the counter 50 counts the number of consecutive light reception output signals when the light reception output signal and the detection output signal are different.

受光状態において、ノイズが混入した場合には、増幅回
路出力blに飽和が起り、第2図ではアンドゲート41
が出力する受光信号が4パルス分失われている。しかし
ながら、カウンタ50の計数値f1は2ガウントした時
点でコンパレータ12の負の増幅回路出力h1によりク
リアされているのでその設定値には達せず、誤動作には
至らないことになる。
In the light receiving state, if noise is mixed in, saturation occurs in the amplifier circuit output bl, and in FIG. 2, the AND gate 41
4 pulses of the light reception signal output by is lost. However, since the count value f1 of the counter 50 is cleared by the negative amplifier circuit output h1 of the comparator 12 when the count value f1 of the counter 50 reaches 2 gaunts, it does not reach the set value and malfunction does not occur.

すなわち、本例によれば、投光パルスの投射時に増幅回
路の出力が受光出力とは逆(負)に振れて飽和に近くな
ったことを検出し、それ以前の計数値(積分量)をクリ
アするようにしたので、増幅回路の飽和によって消滅し
た受光信号に相当する誤計数が防止され、大きなエネル
ギのノイズ混入に対しても誤動作することがない。
In other words, according to this example, it is detected that the output of the amplifier circuit swings in the opposite direction (negative) to the received light output when the light emitting pulse is projected and is close to saturation, and the previous count value (integrated amount) is calculated. Since the signal is cleared, erroneous counting corresponding to the light reception signal that disappears due to the saturation of the amplifier circuit is prevented, and malfunctions do not occur even when large energy noise is mixed in.

〔効  果〕〔effect〕

以上説明したように、本発明によれば、大きなエネルギ
のノイズ混入に起因する受光信号の増幅回路出力が飽和
した場合にも誤動作が生じないので、信頼性の極めて高
い光電スイッチを実現できる効果がある。
As explained above, according to the present invention, malfunction does not occur even when the output of the amplification circuit of the received light signal is saturated due to the incorporation of large energy noise, so it is possible to realize an extremely reliable photoelectric switch. be.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明の光電スイッチの一構成例を示すブロッ
ク図。 第2図はその各部の動作タイミングを示すタイミングチ
ャート、 第3図は従来の光電スイッチの一例を示すブロック図、 第4図はその各部の動作タイミングを示すタイミングチ
ャートである。 l・・・発振回路、 21.22.23・・・分周回路、 24.25.28・・・アンドゲート、3・・・LED
、 4・・・受光素子、 40・・・受光信号記憶用フリップフロップ、41.5
1.52・・・アンドゲート、50・・・カウンタ、 6・・・増幅回路、 8.12…コンパレータt 90・・・出力信号記憶用フリツプフロツプ、91.9
2・・・アンドゲート、 10・・・エクスクル−シブ・オアゲート、101・・
・インバータ、 53・・・オアゲート、 13・・・アンドゲート。 第4図 び :゛′
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a photoelectric switch of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a timing chart showing the operation timing of each part, FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional photoelectric switch, and FIG. 4 is a timing chart showing the operation timing of each part. l...Oscillation circuit, 21.22.23...Frequency dividing circuit, 24.25.28...AND gate, 3...LED
, 4... Light receiving element, 40... Light receiving signal storage flip-flop, 41.5
1.52...AND gate, 50...Counter, 6...Amplification circuit, 8.12...Comparator t 90...Flip-flop for output signal storage, 91.9
2...and gate, 10...exclusive or gate, 101...
・Inverter, 53...OR gate, 13...AND gate. Figure 4: ゛′

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 発振回路と、該発振回路が発生する信号を分周し投受光
のタイミングクロックを発生する分周回路と、当該発生
したタイミングクロックに応じてパルス発光する発光素
子と、該発光素子の光を受けて電気信号を出力する受光
素子と、該受光素子の出力を増幅する増幅回路と、該増
幅回路の出力をレベル判定し受光出力を発生する比較手
段と、前記タイミングクロックによって開き、受光出力
を通過させるゲート回路と、該ゲート回路を通過した受
光出力のパルス数を計数し、その計数値が設定値に達し
たとき受光判定出力を発生する計数回路と、前記タイミ
ングクロックの間に増幅回路の出力が前記受光素子の出
力とは反対側に振れたことを検出し、前記計数回路をク
リアする計数消去手段とを具備したことを特徴とする光
電スイッチ。
an oscillation circuit, a frequency dividing circuit that divides the frequency of a signal generated by the oscillation circuit to generate a timing clock for transmitting and receiving light, a light emitting element that emits pulsed light in accordance with the generated timing clock, and a light emitting element that receives light from the light emitting element. a light-receiving element that outputs an electrical signal, an amplifier circuit that amplifies the output of the light-receiving element, a comparison means that determines the level of the output of the amplifier circuit and generates a light-receiving output; a gate circuit that counts the number of pulses of the light reception output that has passed through the gate circuit, and a counting circuit that generates a light reception determination output when the counted value reaches a set value; 1. A photoelectric switch, comprising: count erasing means for detecting that the output of the light receiving element has swung to a side opposite to the output of the light receiving element, and clearing the counting circuit.
JP60037394A 1985-02-28 1985-02-28 Photoelectric switch Expired - Fee Related JPH068864B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60037394A JPH068864B2 (en) 1985-02-28 1985-02-28 Photoelectric switch

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60037394A JPH068864B2 (en) 1985-02-28 1985-02-28 Photoelectric switch

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS61198088A true JPS61198088A (en) 1986-09-02
JPH068864B2 JPH068864B2 (en) 1994-02-02

Family

ID=12496311

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP60037394A Expired - Fee Related JPH068864B2 (en) 1985-02-28 1985-02-28 Photoelectric switch

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH068864B2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6583535B1 (en) 1998-01-15 2003-06-24 Christian Lumpp Tube, with bore having convex sides, for emitting electromagnetic radiation, and method thereof

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EP1990264B1 (en) 2007-05-11 2015-08-26 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Fuel supply structure for small-type vehicle
DE102015219265A1 (en) 2015-10-06 2017-04-06 Mahle International Gmbh piston pin

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JPS53112780U (en) * 1977-02-16 1978-09-08
JPS6027882A (en) * 1983-07-23 1985-02-12 Dowa Mining Co Ltd Optical detector

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JPS53112780U (en) * 1977-02-16 1978-09-08
JPS6027882A (en) * 1983-07-23 1985-02-12 Dowa Mining Co Ltd Optical detector

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6583535B1 (en) 1998-01-15 2003-06-24 Christian Lumpp Tube, with bore having convex sides, for emitting electromagnetic radiation, and method thereof

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