JPS609546A - Forging method of dog toothed helical gear and die thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To manufacture a dog-toothed helical gear at high productivity and at high material yield by putting the material in a die consisting of an upper die and a lower die of specified shape, and forging by upper and lower punches. CONSTITUTION:When manufacturing a helical gear having dog tooth 1 and helical tooth form 2 used for transmission of a car by forging, a lower die 11 provided with a recessed part 14 to fit to an upper die 20, an escape space 16 and a dog tooth forming section 17 is fitted at the outside of a core 13 concentrically. After putting a steel material 15 in a space formed by the lower die 11, lower punch 18 and the core 13, the upper die 20 and upper punch 25 are lowered synchronously, and a projected part 23 of the upper die 20 is fitted to the recessed part 14 of the lower die and centered. Then, the upper punch 25 and lower punch 18 are brought close to each other synchronously and the material 15 is compressed. Thus, a helical gear 3 having dog tooth 1 and helical tooth form 2 is forged with excellent dimensional accuracy and high material yield.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、例えば自動車のトランスミッションに使用ざ
ルるドグ歯付はすば歯車を鍛造する方法およびこの鍛造
に用いる金型に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for forging a helical gear with dog teeth that is not used, for example, in an automobile transmission, and a mold used for this forging.

例えば自動車のトランスミッションに使用すれる、第１
図に示すような平歯車の歯形（以下「ドグ歯」と云う）
（１）とはすげ歯車の歯形（２）を備えた歯車ｃ以下「
ドグ歯付けすげ歯車」と云う）（３）を製造するに際し
て、従来は前記歯車（３）の素材となる鍛造ブランクを
切削加工することにょシ前記両歯形（１）（２）を形成
し、製造していた。For example, the first
Spur gear tooth profile as shown in the figure (hereinafter referred to as "dog teeth")
(1) means a gear C or less with a helical gear tooth profile (2).
When manufacturing a dog toothed helical gear (3), conventionally the two tooth profiles (1) and (2) are formed by cutting a forged blank that is the material of the gear (3), was manufacturing.

また、最近では良好な製作精度が必要でない前記ドグ歯
（１）のみを冷間あふいは熱間鍛造にょシ形成し、高い
製作精度が要求さ詐る他の歯形（２）を切削加工するこ
とにょシドグ歯付はすば歯車（３）ｆ：１回造する方法
も提案ｇｎている。In addition, recently, only the dog tooth (1) that does not require good manufacturing precision is formed by hot forging instead of cold, and the other tooth profile (2) that requires high manufacturing precision is machined. In particular, we have also proposed a method of producing a helical gear with teeth (3) f: one time.

しかし、前記した従来の方法ではいずｎも製品歩留りが
悪く、また製品完成までに多くの工数が必要となって生
産性が悪いという欠点があった。However, the above-mentioned conventional methods have disadvantages in that the product yield is poor and a large number of man-hours are required to complete the product, resulting in poor productivity.

本発明は上記問題点に鑑みて成ざｎたものであり、複動
プレスを用いてドグ歯付けすげ歯車を１回の鍛造のみに
ょシ製造可能とすることで、製品歩留シと生産性の向上
を図り得るドグ歯付はすば出車の鍛造方法およびこの鍛
造に用いる金型を提供せんとするものである。The present invention was developed in view of the above-mentioned problems, and by making it possible to manufacture dog toothed helical gears by just one forging process using a double-acting press, it is possible to improve product yield and productivity. It is an object of the present invention to provide a forging method for a helical helical wheel with dog teeth and a mold used for this forging, which can improve the quality of the forging process.

すなわち本発明は、プレスベッドに固定さｎた下型と、
該下型内を上下動可能に精成ざｎた下パンチと、ボルス
タを介してプレススライドに固定された前記下型と対を
なす上型と、該上型内を上下動可能に取付けられた上パ
ンチを具備して成る複動プレスを用いてドグ歯付けすば
歯車を鍛造する方法であって、前記下型と下パンチ間に
素材を挿入配置し念後、前記上型を上パンチと共に同期
降下せしめて前記素材に何等変形を加えることなく前記
上下−型を密着亡しめ、しかる後前記上下パンチを同期
して接近移動せしめることによシ前記素材を密閉空間内
で軸方向に圧縮して素材を前記下型の内周面所定位置に
形成したドグ歯の成形部と前記上型の内周面に形成した
けすげ歯形の成形部内に膨出せしめ、次に前記上型と上
パンチを上昇させて前記被鍛造材を上型に噛合した状態
で下型より抜き取り、しかる後前記上型の成形部に噛合
する上パンチのみを降下回動させることにより被鍛造材
を上型より離脱せしめることを要旨とするドグ歯付はす
ば歯車の鍛造方法およびこの鍛造に用いる金型である。That is, the present invention includes a lower mold fixed to a press bed,
A fine roughening punch that is movable up and down within the lower die, an upper die that is fixed to the press slide via a bolster and is paired with the lower die, and an upper die that is attached so that it can move up and down within the upper die. A method for forging a helical gear with dog teeth using a double-acting press equipped with an upper punch, the material being inserted between the lower die and the lower punch, and then the upper die being inserted into the upper punch. The upper and lower punches are then synchronously lowered to close the upper and lower molds without causing any deformation to the material, and then the upper and lower punches are synchronously moved toward each other to compress the material in the axial direction in a closed space. The material is bulged into the dog tooth molding part formed at a predetermined position on the inner peripheral surface of the lower mold and into the tooth-shaped molding part formed on the inner peripheral surface of the upper mold. The punch is raised to remove the forged material from the lower mold while it is engaged with the upper mold, and then the forged material is removed from the upper mold by lowering and rotating only the upper punch that engages with the forming part of the upper mold. A method for forging a helical gear with dog teeth, the gist of which is to separate the gear, and a mold used for this forging.

以下本発明を第２図に基づいて詳細に説明する。The present invention will be explained in detail below based on FIG.

図面において、０υはプレスベッド０乃に立設固定さｎ
たコア（ロ）に対して同心的に外嵌挿さル、同じくプレ
スベッド（ロ）に固定さｎた下型であシ、該下型（ロ）
の内周面には上端よシ順次、後述する上型に嵌合する四
部α荀と、素材（ロ）の鍛造時における逃し空間ＯΦと
、ドグ歯（１）の成形部（ロ）が形成されている。そし
てこの下型（ロ）とコア（至）により形成される環状空
間には鍛造時に素材（ロ）を突き上げる下パンチ（財）
がアンダラム（ロ）により上下動可能な如く精成さｎて
いる。In the drawing, 0υ is erected and fixed on the press bed 0.
A lower mold is fitted concentrically to the core (b), which is also fixed to the press bed (b), and the lower mold (b) is
On the inner circumferential surface of the machine are formed, in order from the upper end, a four-part α-shape that fits into the upper mold described later, a relief space OΦ during forging of the material (b), and a forming part (b) of the dog tooth (1). has been done. The annular space formed by this lower die (b) and core (to) is filled with a lower punch (goods) that pushes up the material (b) during forging.
is refined by Andaram (b) so that it can be moved up and down.

■はボルスタ（ロ）を介してプレススライド（２）に固
定された前記下型αυと対をなす上型であシ、該上型に
）の下端には前記下型（ロ）の凹部（２）に嵌合する凸
部に）が形成され、かつその内周面には全域に亘゛りて
はすば歯＄’ｌｚ）の成形部（ハ）が形成されている。(2) is an upper die that pairs with the lower die αυ fixed to the press slide (2) via a bolster (B); 2) is formed on the convex portion that fits into the convex portion 2), and a molded portion (c) of helical teeth (c) is formed over the entire area on the inner circumferential surface thereof.

に）は前記上型−の成形部（ハ）に噛合する所定長さの
歯形Ｈ’に外周に形成し、常時前記上型に）に噛合状頼
となざしめらｎた上パンチであり、該上パンチに）は例
えばセラミックス製のスラストプレートに）を介してア
ノビルに）に回転自在に抱持されている。そしてこのア
ンビルに）はインナラムに）に固定されボルスタ＠◇内
を上下動可能に構成さｎでいる。2) is an upper punch formed on the outer periphery with a tooth profile H' of a predetermined length that meshes with the molding part (c) of the upper mold, and always faces the upper mold in a meshing shape; The upper punch () is rotatably supported by the annobil () via a ceramic thrust plate (for example). The anvil () is fixed to the inner ram () and is configured to be movable up and down within the bolster @◇.

而して前記上パンチに）はインナラム■の伸縮によシ上
型に）の成形部（ハ）に案内されて回動しながら昇降す
るのである。なお、前記素材Ｑ＠の外径は上型に）の成
形部（ハ）の内径以下であり、また軸方向の長さは、前
記内外径差と軸方向の圧縮による膨張率によシ決定され
るものである。The upper punch (2) moves up and down while rotating as it is guided by the forming part (C) of the upper mold (2) due to the expansion and contraction of the inner ram (3). The outer diameter of the material Q@ is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the molding part (c) of the upper mold, and the axial length is determined by the difference in the inner and outer diameters and the expansion rate due to axial compression. It is something that will be done.

次に上記した複動プレスおよび上型に）と下型０１）か
らなる金型を用いてドグ歯付はすば歯車（３）ｔ−鍛造
する場合について説明する。Next, a case will be described in which the dog toothed helical gear (3) is t-forged using the above-mentioned double acting press and a die consisting of an upper die (01) and a lower die (01).

先ず、第２図（イ）に示す如く、予め上パンチ（ハ）を
上型に）に対して最上部に位置せしめると共に、下パン
チ（ホ）を下型αＤに対して最下部に位置せしめる。First, as shown in Fig. 2 (A), the upper punch (C) is positioned at the top of the upper die ( ), and the lower punch (E) is positioned at the bottom of the lower die αD. .

そして、前記し九位置関係の下型（ＪＯと下パンチ（ロ
）およびコア（ロ）によ〕形成された空間に素材（ロ）
を挿入配置する。しかる後、第２図（ロ）に示す如く、
上型■と上パンチ（ハ）を同期させて降下せしめ、上型
■の凸部に）を下型０カの凹部に）に嵌合δせ鍛造時の
芯出しを確実ならしめる。なお、この状態においては前
記素材０！９は何等変形を加えられていない。Then, the material (B) is placed in the space formed by the lower die (JO, lower punch (B), and core (B)) in the nine positions described above.
Insert and place. After that, as shown in Figure 2 (b),
The upper die (2) and the upper punch (C) are lowered in synchronization, and the convex part of the upper die (2) is fitted into the concave part of the lower die (0) to ensure centering during forging. Note that in this state, the material 0!9 is not subjected to any deformation.

次に、前記した位置関係の上パンチ（ハ）と下パンチ（
ホ）を同期して接近移動せしめる。この場合、上パンチ
（ハ）は上型■の成形部（ハ）に案内されて回動しなが
ら降下してくることになシ、この上パンチに）の降下回
動と下パンチ（ホ）の上昇によシ前記素材（９）は軸方
向に圧縮され、上型に）のはすば歯形（２）の成形部（
ハ）と下型（ロ）のドグ歯（１）の成形部（ロ）内に夫
々膨出せしめらｎ１所定の形状に鍛造ざするのであるＣ
第２図（ハ）参照）。なお、この場合はすげ歯形＋２）
は逃し空間ＯΦがあることにより端部まで良好な精度で
鍛造できる。Next, the upper punch (c) and lower punch (c) in the positional relationship described above.
e) to move closer in synchronization. In this case, the upper punch (c) is guided by the molding part (c) of the upper die ■ and comes down while rotating, and the lower punch (e) As the material (9) rises, the material (9) is compressed in the axial direction, and the forming part (2) of the helical tooth profile (2) of the upper mold (
C) and the dog teeth (1) of the lower die (B) are forged into a predetermined shape with bulges n1 in the forming part (B), respectively.
(See Figure 2 (c)). In this case, the tooth profile +2)
Since there is a relief space OΦ, it is possible to forge to the end with good accuracy.

そして、前記した如く所定の鍛造作業が終了すると、第
２図に）に示す如く、上型に）と上パンチに）を同期し
て上昇せしめる。この時、前記したように鍛造さｎた素
材（９）ｃ以下「被鍛造材に）」と云う）ｉｌｔ上型に
）の成形部（財）に噛合した状態で下型（ロ）より抜き
取らｎる。When the predetermined forging work is completed as described above, the upper mold () and the upper punch () are raised synchronously, as shown in FIG. 2 (). At this time, the forged material (9) (hereinafter referred to as "forged material") as described above is pulled out from the lower mold (b) in a state in which it is engaged with the forming part (goods) of the upper mold. nru.

しかる後、インナラムに）を更に伸長動作させて上パン
チに）のみを上型に）に対して回動降下させ、図示省略
したが下型（財）の上位置に配置せしめられる。Thereafter, the inner ram () is further extended, and the upper punch () is rotated and lowered relative to the upper die (), and is placed above the lower die (although not shown).

以上述べた如く本発明によ１１．ば、機械加工工数がは
すげ歯彫部の仕上加工のみＣよく、工数が従来法と比較
して減少し、生産性が大幅に向上する。加えて、本発明
によルば、材料歩留りが向上し省資源政策に寄与できる
等極めて大なる効果を有する発明である。As described above, according to the present invention, 11. For example, only the finishing machining of the helical tooth carving requires less man-hours for machining, which reduces the man-hours compared to the conventional method and greatly improves productivity. In addition, the present invention has extremely great effects such as improving material yield and contributing to resource saving policies.

ちなみに、本発明によ１１ば、従来法と比較して歩留シ
が５０−向上し、生産に要する時間も従来の５０％で行
なえることが確認できた。Incidentally, it was confirmed that the present invention improved the yield by 50% compared to the conventional method, and the time required for production was 50% of the conventional method.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本発明方法によシ鍛造されるドグ歯付はすば歯
車の概略断面図、第２図０）〜に）は本発明方法を工程
順に説明するＩＪｒ面図である。 （１）はドグ歯、（２）はけすば歯形、（３）はドグ歯
付はすげ歯車、Ｑｌ）は下型、０乃はプレスベッド、θ
場は素材、いは被鍛造材、０６）は逃し空間、０ηＱ令
は成形部、　（Ｊ４ｆよ下パンチ、に）は上型、ψ０は
ボルスタ、（ハ）はプレススライド、に）は上パンチ、
ＩＩは歯形。 第２図 Ｃ−＼）FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a dog-toothed helical gear forged by the method of the present invention, and FIG. (1) is dog tooth, (2) helical tooth profile, (3) is helical gear with dog tooth, Ql) is lower die, 0 is press bed, θ
Field is the material, or forged material, 06) is the relief space, 0ηQ is the forming part, (J4f is the lower punch, ni) is the upper die, ψ0 is the bolster, (c) is the press slide, ni) is the upper punch ,
II is a tooth shape. Figure 2 C-\)

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）、プレスベッドに固定さ几た下型と、該下型内を
上下動可能に精成さ几た下パンチと、ボルスタを介して
プレススライドに固定された上記下積と対をなす上型と
、該上型内を上下動可能に取付けら几た上バンチを具備
して成る復動プレスを用いてドグ歯付はすば歯以全鍛造
する方法であって、上記下型と下パンチ間に素材を挿入
配置した後、上記上型を上パンチと共に同期降下せしめ
て上記素材に何等変形を加えることなく上記上下型を密
着せしめ、しかる後上記上下パンチを同期して接近移動
せしめることによシ上記素材を密閉空間内で軸方向に圧
縮して素材を上記下型の内周面所定位置に形成したドグ
歯の成形部と上記上型の内周面に形成し１ヒはすげ歯形
の成形部内に膨出せしめ、次に上記上型と上パンチを上
昇させて上記被鍛造材を上型に噛合した状態で下型より
抜き取り、しかる後上記上型の成形部に噛合する上パン
チのみを降下回動させることにより被鍛造材を上型よシ
鵡脱せしめることを特徴とするドグ歯付はすば歯車の鍛
造方法。(1) A lower die fixed to the press bed, a lower punch refined to be able to move up and down within the lower die, and paired with the lower die fixed to the press slide via a bolster. A method for forging everything from the helical teeth with dog teeth using a double-acting press comprising an upper mold and a stiff upper bunch installed in the upper mold so as to be able to move up and down, the lower mold and After inserting and arranging the material between the lower punches, the upper mold is lowered synchronously with the upper punch to bring the upper and lower molds into close contact without causing any deformation to the material, and then the upper and lower punches are synchronously moved toward each other. Particularly, the material is compressed in the axial direction in a closed space, and the material is formed at a predetermined position on the inner circumferential surface of the lower die and on the inner circumferential surface of the upper die. The forged material is bulged into the forming part of the beveled tooth shape, and then the upper die and the upper punch are raised and the forged material is pulled out from the lower die while being engaged with the upper die, and then it is engaged with the forming part of the upper die. A method for forging a helical gear with dog teeth, characterized in that the material to be forged is removed from the upper die by lowering and rotating only the upper punch. （２）、複Ｒｈプレスのプレスベッドに固定される下型
と、同じくボルスタを介してプレススライドに固定され
る上型とから成る金型であって、上記上型はその内周面
に所要のはすげ歯形を成形部しめる成形部をＯｉ＃え、
また上記下型はその内周面上端より鍛造時の逃し空間と
ドグ歯の成形部を順次備えたことを特徴とするドグ歯付
けすげ歯車の敷造に用いる金型。(2) A mold consisting of a lower mold fixed to the press bed of a double Rh press and an upper mold also fixed to the press slide via a bolster, the upper mold having the inner peripheral surface as required. Oi # the molding part that closes the tooth shape of the molding part,
The mold used for laying a helical gear with dog teeth, characterized in that the lower mold is provided with a relief space during forging and a molding portion for dog teeth in sequence from the upper end of its inner circumferential surface.