JPS605903A - Structure of river-bottom fish breeder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To raise the quality of water as well as grow water organisms by a method in which the inside of a cubic block is provided with chambers and holes enabling organisms to live, entrances through which water flows, and many uneven surfaces to be touched by water. CONSTITUTION:Entrances 1 are provided symmetrically on the upstream and downstream sides of the lower base body, an a great central chamber 2 is provided at the center. Four anchor bolts 3 are also vertically projected on the surface 4 to be matched with an upper plate. Sloped entrances 6 are provided in the upper base body and small-width faces 7 are compensationally provided on one or both sides in particular. Bolt holes 8 are drilled in places to be inserted with anchor bolts. A fish breeder is made up of the small entrances and the central chamber, which can serve as an inhabitancy for fish and shellfish and also serve to clean up the flowing water of small river.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 （１）　目的 この発明は主として都市近郊の小河川、工場汚水処理装
置放流水流路等又住宅地区の小川等の水の汚れがひどい
のでこの問題をより合理的に解決するため、土木水工資
材に魚礁的思考をとり入れ川底に施工して大小様々な水
性生物を生息バランスよく繁殖させ後述する概して（・
くつかの効果を発揮させるための複合要素を持つよう資
材を構成してなる魚礁川底機構により各水域の水質の向
」二と水性生物と最に水弁類の生殖をはかることにより
水域の自然復帰による環境文化の向上に貢献することを
目的とする。[Detailed Description of the Invention] (1) Purpose This invention solves the problem of water pollution mainly in small rivers near cities, discharge water channels of factory sewage treatment equipment, streams in residential areas, etc., which are severely contaminated. In order to do this, we will incorporate fish reef thinking into civil engineering and water engineering materials and construct them on riverbeds to inhabit and breed aquatic organisms of various sizes in a well-balanced manner, as described below.
The fish reef/riverbed mechanism, which is made up of materials that have multiple elements to exert several effects, improves the water quality of each water area, and also improves the nature of the water area by promoting the reproduction of aquatic organisms and water valve species. The purpose is to contribute to the improvement of environmental culture through reinstatement.

（２）構成 ■）魚礁川底機構の原理と特性 土木資材に魚礁的思考と接触酸化浄水法思考を加味した
生物学的自然原理、即ち犬〜小生物群のバランス良い繁
殖と生息の好条件を構成し活性化して原動力とする魚礁
川底の発明に関するものである。造築形状は全体として
従来の通りで施工も同様に行なわれ、乍ら各対象別多様
な問題が解決に有効に対処出来るよう構成されている。(2) Structure ■) Principles and characteristics of the fish reef river bottom mechanism Biological natural principles that incorporate fish reef thinking and contact oxidation water purification thinking into civil engineering materials, that is, favorable conditions for well-balanced reproduction and habitat of dogs and small organisms. It concerns the invention of a fish reef river bed that is configured, activated, and serves as a driving force. The building shape as a whole is the same as before, and the construction is carried out in the same way, but the structure is designed so that the various problems of each subject can be effectively solved.

下項に示す基本となる単位体ブロックζこ夫々異った多
くの対象に応じた補足用具を組合せ集合体を形成し川底
となし、夫々の問題をより合理的、経済的に解決するも
のである。The basic unit block ζ shown below is combined with supplementary tools for many different purposes to form an aggregate and serve as a riverbed to solve each problem more rationally and economically. be.

２）基本単位体の構成 土木資材の形体をなしているが、下基本体図１−１に示
す通り中央の大室に左右対称の出入口があり上面をこア
ンカーボルトを施す。2) Structure of the basic unit It has the shape of a civil engineering material, but as shown in Figure 1-1 of the lower basic unit, there is a symmetrical entrance and exit in the central large room, and anchor bolts are attached to the upper surface.

これに図２に示す通り傾斜のある出入口を左右対称巾中
にあけアンカーボルトを通す穴をうがった形体をした上
蓋基本体を重ね合わせて１基本単位とするもので、必要
に応じて出入口路を除いた接水面に下に説明する補足表
面処理を施す。As shown in Fig. 2, the upper cover basic body, which has a symmetrical width with inclined entrances and holes for passing anchor bolts, is superimposed to form one basic unit. Apply the supplementary surface treatment described below to the surfaces in contact with water, except for.

出入口の斜角度と形状は通水性をよくするため最も重要
な機構である。図３−１に示す通り上下面を交互に返し
て組合わせ施工する。The oblique angle and shape of the entrance and exit are the most important mechanisms for improving water permeability. As shown in Figure 3-1, construction is carried out by turning the upper and lower surfaces alternately.

流入、流出口は一印の通り内外水が互に合流して流入■
、互に分流して流出する構造となっており、混流して下
流へと流れてゆく。特に中央大室の流れ速度（標準とし
て０．５　ｍ／Ｓ　）、流水混合比（外／内＝１／２）
が重要な要素である。The inflow and outflow ports are marked as marked, where internal and external water merges into each other.■
, which have a structure in which they separate and flow out from each other, and they mix and flow downstream. In particular, the flow velocity in the central large chamber (0.5 m/s as standard), the mixing ratio of flowing water (outside/inside = 1/2)
is an important element.

３）補足用資材 補足用としても対象により重要な必要不可欠の用具資材
である性格を持つもので列記すると下の通りとなる。3) Supplementary materials The following are listed as essential tools and materials that are important and essential depending on the subject.

■　ハニカムコアζこ似類する成型資材：中央穴室内に
セットしておく接触酸化機能増進用具で表面積が広大と
なり微小生物の定着も良い。又うなぎ等の住居ともなる
。■ Molding material similar to honeycomb core ζ: A contact oxidation function enhancing tool set in the central hole chamber has a large surface area and is good for microorganisms to settle. It also serves as a home for eels and other animals.

用法としては、ａ各種工場汚水処理装置（下水、し　処
理公的施設、コミユニティプラントをも含む）の放流水
の放流光までの排水溝に第２次、第３次排水処理用とし
て用いることは最も期待する用法で第２次、第３次排水
処理装置の新しい型式としてよいと考えるものである。Usage: (a) Use for secondary and tertiary wastewater treatment in drains leading to the discharge light of discharged water from various factory sewage treatment equipment (including public sewage treatment facilities and community plants). This is the most anticipated usage and is considered suitable as a new type of secondary and tertiary wastewater treatment equipment.

勿論基本単体のサイズその他補足用具のキメ細かい設定
が重要な要素となる。ｂ汚水度の高い都市近郊周辺の一
般排水溝はその数はかなり、多くに上り重要な適用対象
であり、ハニカムコア−セットの魚礁川底機構の効果は
大きく期待出来る。何れの場合も生物群源である放流先
河用近くから除々に上流に向って効果が出現する。清水
化して来るものと推定される。そして一般住宅の側溝に
まで至達することを切望するものである。Of course, the size of the basic unit and detailed settings of supplementary equipment are important factors. b) General drainage ditches near urban areas with high levels of sewage water are quite large in number and are important targets for application, and the effects of the honeycomb core-set fish reef river bottom mechanism can be expected to be great. In either case, the effect appears gradually upstream from near the destination river, which is the source of the biological community. It is assumed that the water will become clearer. And we aspire to reach the gutters of ordinary houses.

■　石コロ： 凸凹の多いことは微生物のつく面積が広大すること、中
央大室にセットしたとき通水性のよい型と大きさく径３
０ｍ〜５０間）を対象Ｇこより増減して効果を高めるこ
とが出来る■に匹敵する効果的補足用具である。■ Stone roller: The large number of irregularities means that the surface area for microorganisms is large, and when set in the central large chamber, the stone has a shape with good water permeability and a diameter of 3
It is an effective supplementary tool comparable to (2) that can increase or decrease the target G (between 0m and 50m) to increase or decrease the effect.

適用対象としては都市近郊の排水溝、小川等である。The target areas are drainage ditches, streams, etc. near cities.

■砂： 比較的汚水産の小さいきれいな排水溝、同じく小川、こ
の場合も砂のしめる中央大室との容積比が対象により変
動させることと砂はフルイにかけた粒子のそろった粗粒
子が良い。■Sand: A clean drainage ditch with relatively small amounts of sewage, as well as a stream.In this case, the volume ratio to the central large chamber filled with sand should be varied depending on the target, and the sand should be coarse particles with uniform particles that have been passed through a sieve.

■　サンゴ礁粒子（粒径１．５　ｔａｒ　〜４．５　Ｍ
　）本粒子を基本個体の成型固化に際し撒布又は吹付け
て表面に固定させ水性生物生息向上剤的効果を発揮させ
る。代用品としてはかき貝ガラ粉砕物、硅ソー土粒剤等 ■　堰板 本魚礁川底機構は基本個体を並べた組合せ集合体形であ
り個体間に補足用具を挾合し取付、取はずしに便利な点
からキメ細かい附属的施設を付設することが容易である
特質を有する。下に重要な応用例を列記する。■ Coral reef particles (particle size 1.5 tar ~ 4.5 M
) When the basic solid is molded and solidified, the particles are sprinkled or sprayed onto the surface to be fixed on the surface and exhibit the effect of an aquatic organism habitat enhancer. Substitutes include crushed oyster shells, silica clay granules, etc. ■ The weir plate main reef riverbed mechanism is a combination of basic individuals arranged in a row, and supplementary tools are inserted between the individuals for convenient installation and removal. It has the characteristic that it is easy to attach detailed auxiliary facilities. Important application examples are listed below.

ａ、最も重要な用具と云える溶存酸素補給用堰板 汚水度の甚しい排水溝や第２次、第３ 次処理排水用には必要欠くべからざる装置である。長時
間数下式でも必要時設置式でも小規模の対象溝では単位
個体間に堰板を挾合し簡単な支え板を流方向に挾合すれ
ば完成である。よって先を見通しメクラ板を予め前もっ
てセットして置くと良い。a. Dissolved oxygen replenishment weir plate, which is the most important equipment. This is an indispensable device for drainage ditches with extremely high levels of pollution and for secondary and tertiary treated wastewater. Regardless of whether it is a long-term type or an installed type when necessary, small-scale target ditches can be completed by fitting a weir plate between the individual units and fitting a simple support plate in the flow direction. Therefore, it is a good idea to set the blind board in advance so that you can see what is ahead.

ｂ、農業用その他の用水路にセットしておく流れ方向変
更堰板 子め前もって必要個処ヘメクラ板をセ トして置き必要に応じ即時取換堰板と変更したり、現行
の堰板と取換える。b. For flow direction changing weir plates set in agricultural and other irrigation canals, set the hemecla plates in the necessary places in advance and replace them with immediate replacement weir plates or replace the current weir plates as needed.

Ｃ１火災時の防火用水用貯水堰 都市内にも流水溝ががなり多く存在し 又そうあらねばならない。即時緊急の隙間に合わせるに
は各所にメクラ堰板をセットして置く方法が容易である
。C1 Water storage weirs for fire protection during fires There are, and should be, many drainage ditches within the city as well. An easy way to fill gaps in immediate emergencies is to set blind dam plates in various locations.

３、効果 、（１）　魚礁的効果 小さい出入口と中央大室が構造的に魚礁の形態を構成し
ており魚介類の生息場所となりエサとなる小生物、藻類
等の繁殖にも適すよう構成されているので流水が清らか
になるに従ってＪＩｊ下の河川より魚介類は上昇して来
る川底を好む魚介類は多く、ウナギ、カニ、エビ、マブ
ナ、その他用魚の多くは好んで穴の中に身を隠す。そし
て外敵防御効果が大きいので捕獲されずにその数は増加
する。自然と人間とのコミュニケーションが極めて近く
でとれ観察も出来るので、環境文化向上への貢献度は大
きい。3. Effects (1) Fish Reef Effect The small entrance and exit and large central chamber structurally form a fish reef, which is a habitat for fish and shellfish, and is suitable for the breeding of small organisms and algae that serve as food. Therefore, as the running water becomes clearer, many fish and shellfish prefer the riverbed, which rises from the river below the JIJ. Many fish such as eel, crab, shrimp, crab, and other fish prefer to live in holes. hide. And since they have a great defense against foreign enemies, their numbers increase without being captured. Because humans can communicate with nature and observe it very closely, it can greatly contribute to the improvement of environmental culture.

（２）汚水浄化効果 対象により使い分けは必要だが、最も注目されるべきも
のは汚水処理装置放流水の第２次、第３次処理効果の合
理的形態にあることであるが、期待すべき効果は都市近
郊の多くの排水溝（昔は小川であった）や小河川の流水
の清浄化効果であると考える。汚水度のかなり大きい流
水からその小さな小川までその現状での要求値はすこぶ
る大きい。重要で即採用すべき事業であると思う。対象
となる現場も大変に多い。(2) Sewage purification effect Although it is necessary to use it properly depending on the target, the most important thing to note is the rational form of the secondary and tertiary treatment effects of the sewage treatment equipment discharge water, and the expected effects This is thought to be due to the purifying effect of running water from the many drainage ditches (formerly streams) and small rivers near cities. The current requirements are extremely large, from running water with a fairly high level of pollution to small streams. I think this is an important project that should be adopted immediately. There are many target sites as well.

（３）土木木工資材としての効果 現行では現場での型枠に生コン流込み方法か、平滑な厚
板状ブロックを敷きつめる方法かがとられている。(3) Effectiveness as a civil engineering material Currently, concrete is poured into molds on-site, or smooth concrete blocks are laid down.

本魚礁川底機構は、工場で規格化して大量生産が小工場
で可能で、品質管理、コスト低減した生産性の高い製法
が可能な余地を残している。This fish reef river bottom mechanism can be standardized in a factory and mass produced in a small factory, leaving room for quality control, cost reduction, and highly productive manufacturing methods.

施工工事面でも補足用具の使い方も簡単で当初の設定計
算さえ確実にキメ細かく目的を認識しかかれば現行の技
術で充分築構可能である。補足用具により適用範囲と問
題解決効果は太きい。In terms of construction work, it is easy to use supplementary tools, and as long as the initial setting calculations are made and the purpose is understood in detail, it is possible to construct the building with current technology. The scope of application and problem-solving effects are greatly enhanced by supplementary tools.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

図１−１は下糸本体の個体の立体図である。 上流側と下流側に出入口■が対称に明いており、中央を
二大きく１つの中央大室■が広がっている。゛上板との
合面に■、４本のアンカーボルト■が垂直に出ている。 図１−２は下糸本体左右中間を■で縦に切断した断面立
体図、図２−１は上糸本体で上流側と下流側に傾斜のあ
る出入口■が明けてあり、この場合は特に片方ないし両
方に小中の面を■補足的に取ってあり（但し面取りのな
いものを標準とする）、分流面口合流面口０、■参照、
面積を広くし水底抗を小さくしている。アンカーボルト
のしっかり差込まれる位置にボルト通し穴■を貫通しで
ある。０面、［Ｆ］而面互（二表裏となる（図３−１参
照）。上糸本体の両全面の薄層は０、小生物育成補助剤
、例へばサンゴ礁粒子を固着したものである。 図２−２は中央大室にセットする補助用具として重要な
ハニカムコア−成型物０の立体図である。 図２−３はハニカムコア−が中央大室の半容積をしめて
いる状態を示す側断面図である。上部には余積がまだ広
く充分大型魚介類等が生息することが出来る。 図３−１は組並集合体としたときの流方向の軌跡を示す
一印のある断面図で流水が中央大室■へ出入し分流と合
流を繰返し乍ら川下へと流れる。ハニカムコア−はセク
トすると半容積をしめるのが標準である。その周辺の壁
面には対象により＠のよ運こ薄層を施す。図３−２は上
から見た集合体の平面図である。０は出口、■は入口と
なる。 特許出願人　杓　谷　晶 １相１＋ｉの浄占Ｉ：内ｄに変更なし）図）−２ 図２−２ 手続補正書 昭和５９年７月３１日 １　事件の表示　昭和５８年特許願第３０５８９号２　
発明の名称　魚礁川底機構 ３　補正をする者 事件との関係　特許出願人 昭和５９年７月１６日 ５　補正の対象 （１）　タイプ印書により鮮明に記載した願書、明細書
及び図面６　補正の内容 別紙の通りFIG. 1-1 is a three-dimensional view of the individual bobbin thread body. The entrances and exits ■ are symmetrically open on the upstream and downstream sides, and one central large room ■ extends out from the center.゛On the surface where it meets the upper plate, there are four anchor bolts sticking out vertically. Figure 1-2 is a cross-sectional three-dimensional view of the bobbin thread main body, cut vertically at the middle of the left and right sides at ■, and Figure 2-1 is the upper thread main body, with sloped entrances and exits ■ open on the upstream and downstream sides. Small and medium-sized surfaces are provided on one or both of the sides for ■supplementary purposes (however, those without chamfering are standard), see the diversion face and confluence face 0, ■.
The area is widened and the bottom resistance is reduced. Penetrate the bolt through hole ■ in the position where the anchor bolt can be firmly inserted. 0 side, [F] (two sides) (refer to Figure 3-1).The thin layer on both sides of the needle thread body is 0, and a small organism growth aid, such as coral reef particles, is fixed thereon. Figure 2-2 is a three-dimensional view of the honeycomb core molding 0, which is important as an auxiliary tool to be set in the central large chamber. Figure 2-3 is a side view showing the honeycomb core filling half the volume of the central large chamber. This is a cross-sectional view. There is still a large amount of extra space in the upper part, and large fish and shellfish can live there. Figure 3-1 is a cross-sectional view with a mark showing the trajectory in the flow direction when the group is grouped together. The water enters and exits the central large room ■ and flows downstream while repeatedly dividing and merging. When the honeycomb core is sectioned, it is standard to close half its volume. On the walls around it, depending on the target, there are A thin layer is applied. Figure 3-2 is a plan view of the aggregate seen from above. 0 is the exit and ■ is the inlet. Patent applicant: Akira Hakutani 1 phase 1 + i Josen I: Inner d No change) Figure)-2 Figure 2-2 Procedural amendment dated July 31, 1982 1 Indication of case Patent Application No. 30589 of 1988 2
Title of the invention Fish Reef Riverbed Mechanism 3 Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant July 16, 1980 5 Subject of the amendment (1) Application, specification, and drawings clearly stated by typeprint 6 Contents of the amendment As per attached sheet

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 図３−１及び図３−２の全体図の通り、図１−１、図１
−２・図２で示した魚礁構造を有するコンクリートを主
体ｉした成型資材を後述する如く並べて構成した魚礁川
底機構で次の要素から出来ている。 （１）個体の構造 コンクリートを主体とした立体ブロックの内部に生物が
生息する連続或は独立の室穴があり、流水が室穴によく
通水し出入する構造の出入口があり、出入口通路を除い
た接水面には必要に応じて多数の凸凹や多数の互に独立
した***を施し、内部の室穴には後述する各種補足具を
出し入れ出来る構造。 対象水域の規模の大小、種類により、サイズを小から大
まで数段作成する。小個体を互に接合したり又その間に
接合面の同じ通温個体を継ぎ合わせて長形化したりする
中継体なども含む。 （３）付帯用具（Ａ） 対象流出光により夫々対処するため付帯用具をセットす
ることで間層解決率を高め得ることが特徴で後述する通
り砂、石コロ、・・ニカムコアその他を室穴にセットし
て効果を上げる。 （４）適用 川底を大別すると多種多様なものがある。 １）各種工場の廃水処理装置、畜舎、下水処理場、し尿
処理プラントの放流水浄化用に放流光河川までの排水路
溝底に施工し最適である。即ち排水２次、或は３次処理
装置としての装置として考、えられること。 ２）都市近郊に多いａ排水溝、小川、側溝３）用水路（
農、魚業用） ４）一般河用 （５）付帯用具（Ｂ） １）溶存酸素を高めることは最大の必須要件である。個
体集合構成から個体と個体との間に流水セキ板を容易に
取付けることが出来る機構で要処要処にセキ板を挟合し
ておく。不用時には代替板を底面まではめ込んでおく。 ２）流水方向の変更 農業用用水路などではしばしば必要となる作業で、■）
の要領で容易に解決出来る。 ３）火災等の発生時同様な方法で要所に前もって準備す
るが施工規準にとり入れておけばセキ板を取付けて水を
ため水源とすることが出来る挟合機構。 （６）使用方法 汚水程度、対象の種類、規模（大きさ）に対応する個体
を後述する考慮によりよく組合せ効果が上がるよう資材
が適合するよう造成する。即ち現状に応じた補助具を要
求場所に使用すること。[Claims] As shown in the overall view of FIGS. 3-1 and 3-2, FIGS. 1-1 and 1
-2 - A fish reef river bottom mechanism constructed by arranging molding materials mainly made of concrete having the fish reef structure shown in Fig. 2 as described below, and is made up of the following elements. (1) Solid structure A three-dimensional block mainly made of concrete has continuous or independent chamber holes in which organisms live, and there are entrances and exits that allow running water to pass through the chamber holes and enter and exit. The water-contact surface is provided with many irregularities and many independent small holes as necessary, and the internal chamber holes are structured so that various supplementary tools, which will be described later, can be taken in and out. Depending on the size and type of the target water body, several sizes are created from small to large. It also includes relay bodies that join small pieces together, or join pieces that have the same heat-conducting surface between them to make them longer. (3) Accessory equipment (A) The interlayer resolution rate can be increased by setting accessory equipment to deal with each target outflow light. Set it to increase the effect. (4) There are a wide variety of applicable riverbeds. 1) Ideal for construction at the bottom of drainage ditches leading to rivers for purification of wastewater from wastewater treatment equipment in various factories, livestock barns, sewage treatment plants, and human waste treatment plants. In other words, it can be considered as a device for secondary or tertiary treatment of wastewater. 2) Drainage ditches, streams, and side ditches that are common in urban areas 3) Irrigation canals (
4) General river use (5) Accessory equipment (B) 1) Increasing dissolved oxygen is the most essential requirement. A mechanism that can easily attach running water cross plates between individuals from the individual assembly configuration allows the cross plates to be sandwiched at necessary points. When not in use, insert a replacement plate all the way to the bottom. 2) Changing the direction of water flow This is a work that is often necessary in agricultural canals, etc.
It can be easily solved by following the steps below. 3) In the event of a fire, etc., a sandwiching mechanism can be prepared in advance at important points using the same method, but if it is incorporated into the construction standards, a side plate can be attached to store water and use it as a water source. (6) How to use Materials should be created to suit the degree of sewage, type of target, and scale (size) of the target, by considering the individual items described below so that the combination effect will be better. In other words, use auxiliary tools appropriate to the current situation where required.