JPS6017330A - Measuring device of stress of rail shaft - Google Patents
Measuring device of stress of rail shaftInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6017330A JPS6017330A JP12480883A JP12480883A JPS6017330A JP S6017330 A JPS6017330 A JP S6017330A JP 12480883 A JP12480883 A JP 12480883A JP 12480883 A JP12480883 A JP 12480883A JP S6017330 A JPS6017330 A JP S6017330A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- rail
- magnetic anisotropy
- demagnetizer
- sensor
- measuring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0047—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to residual stresses
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
- Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の利用分野〕
本発明は常に安定な結果が得られるようにした磁気異方
性センサ方式レール軸応力測定器に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a magnetic anisotropy sensor type rail axis stress measuring device that can always obtain stable results.
従来から、磁気異方性を用いてレールの軸応力の測定に
あたって、測定対象であるレールが、製造時および敷設
後の環境下で種々異なった程度の磁化を受けているため
測定結果の再現性が・悪く、これに対し、磁化およびそ
のためのヒス。Traditionally, when measuring the axial stress of a rail using magnetic anisotropy, the reproducibility of the measurement results has been difficult because the rail being measured is subject to various degrees of magnetization during manufacturing and in the environment after installation. However, magnetization and therefore hiss are bad.
テリシス現象の影響を除去するため、外部から。From the outside to remove the effects of the telesis phenomenon.
直流バイアス磁界を加えて測定することも試み。We also attempted to measure by adding a DC bias magnetic field.
られたが、十分良好、安定な結果は得られなか）っだ。However, the results were not sufficiently good and stable).
本発明の目的は、磁気異方性センサを利用した、敷設状
態のまま非破壊で測定でき、しかも再現性のある信頼で
きる結果の得られるレール軸応力測定器を提供すること
にある。An object of the present invention is to provide a rail axis stress measuring device that uses a magnetic anisotropy sensor and can measure the stress in a non-destructive manner as it is installed, and that can provide reproducible and reliable results.
上記目的を達成するために本発明においては磁気異方性
センサに、このセンサによるレール上の測定部位を脱磁
できる脱磁器を組合せ、あらかじめ測定部位を脱磁器で
脱磁した直後に、磁気異方性センサによシ測定対象レー
ルの磁気異方性の程度を測定し、その測定結果から磁気
異方性の原因であるレール軸応力をめるようにした。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention combines a magnetic anisotropy sensor with a demagnetizer that can demagnetize the measurement site on the rail by this sensor, and immediately after demagnetizing the measurement site with the demagnetizer, the magnetic anisotropy sensor The degree of magnetic anisotropy of the rail to be measured was measured using a directional sensor, and the rail axial stress, which is the cause of the magnetic anisotropy, was determined from the measurement results.
また、磁気異方性センサは例えば外径２０叫程度の小形
なので、脱磁器等と一体に形成しても。Furthermore, since the magnetic anisotropy sensor is small, for example, with an outer diameter of about 20 mm, it may be formed integrally with a demagnetizer or the like.
野外携行測定に何等不便はない。There is no inconvenience in carrying measurements outdoors.
再現性のあるデータを得るためには測定対象・レールの
測定待状態を、常に同一にするのが良）く、そのために
測定直前に脱磁作用を行うことにしたものである。In order to obtain reproducible data, it is best to always keep the measurement target/rail in the same waiting state, and for this reason we decided to perform demagnetization immediately before measurement.
なお直流バイアス磁界方式では、測定時以前の複雑な磁
気履歴の影響を、完全には飽和、消去させ切れなかった
ものと思われる。以下本発明を図に示す一実施例につい
て詳述する。In addition, it seems that the direct current bias magnetic field method was unable to completely saturate and eliminate the effects of the complicated magnetic history before the measurement. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described in detail below.
第１図（ａ）は本発明一実施例直接測定部の斜視図、同
図（５＋はその回路構成を示すブロック図で、１は磁気
異方性センサ、２は脱磁コイル用ノコア、６は脱磁コイ
ル、４はホルダ、５はレール６は磁気異方性センサの計
測回路、７は脱磁器制御回路、８は測定制御回路、９は
表示器、１０は直接測定部、１１は測定回路部である。FIG. 1(a) is a perspective view of a direct measurement unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, (5+ is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration, 1 is a magnetic anisotropy sensor, 2 is a core for demagnetizing coil, 6 1 is a demagnetizing coil, 4 is a holder, 5 is a rail 6 is a measurement circuit of the magnetic anisotropy sensor, 7 is a demagnetizer control circuit, 8 is a measurement control circuit, 9 is a display, 10 is a direct measurement unit, 11 is a measurement This is the circuit section.
本発明のレール軸応力測定器は以上のような構成であっ
て、磁気異方性センサ１は、例えば・山田等の論文（電
気学会雑誌、昭和５５年４月号、１９７〜２０６頁）記
載の如く、測定試料に直接取付ける部分は外径２０ｍｍ
程度に小形化できるので。The rail axis stress measuring device of the present invention has the above-described configuration, and the magnetic anisotropy sensor 1 is, for example, as described in the paper by Yamada et al. As shown, the outer diameter of the part directly attached to the measurement sample is 20 mm.
Because it can be downsized to a certain degree.
脱磁器のコア２、コイル３とボルダ４を介して直接測定
部１ｏとして一体形成しても形状、Ｍ量とも野外に携行
して測定する際の取扱いに何等問題はない。コア２およ
び脱磁コイル３からなる脱磁器は公知の交流で励磁して
漸次その振幅を低減する方式によればよい。ただし前記
脱硝器は磁気異方性センサにょる測定部位を十分脱磁で
きる能力を有することが必要である。脱磁器のコア２が
多少長目になっても、レールの着磁は主として軸方向（
長手方向）に行なわれるので、脱磁器のコアもレール長
手方向に取付けられさえすればよい。Even if the core 2, coil 3, and boulder 4 of the demagnetizer are integrally formed as a direct measurement part 1o, there is no problem in handling the shape and the M amount when carried outdoors for measurement. The demagnetizer consisting of the core 2 and the demagnetizing coil 3 may be excited by a known alternating current and gradually reduce its amplitude. However, the denitrifier needs to have the ability to sufficiently demagnetize the measurement site by the magnetic anisotropy sensor. Even if the core 2 of the demagnetizer is somewhat longer, the rail magnetization is mainly in the axial direction (
Since this is carried out in the longitudinal direction), the core of the demagnetizer only needs to be attached in the longitudinal direction of the rail.
レールは製造時圧延作業の影響で、結晶は一般にレール
の長手方向に延び、応力を受けていない状態ではこの方
向に磁化し易い。敷設後は、列車通過の度に、強い、衝
撃的な応力を受け、電流も流れ、更に敷設方向によって
は地磁気の影響を受け、着磁されて行く。この着磁状態
は１、時期によシ、場所によシ、全く種々様々である。Due to the rolling process during rail manufacturing, crystals generally extend in the longitudinal direction of the rail, and are likely to be magnetized in this direction when not under stress. After being laid, each time a train passes by, it is subjected to strong and shocking stress, current flows through it, and depending on the direction in which it is laid, it is influenced by the earth's magnetic field and becomes magnetized. This magnetized state varies depending on the time and place.
。
一方、敷設後のレールは、夏期高温時には膨張し、特に
乗心地を良くするためのロングレール区間などでは、熱
膨張の影響を強く受け、圧縮応力を生ずる。. On the other hand, the rails after installation expand during high temperatures in summer, and especially in long rail sections intended to improve ride comfort, they are strongly affected by thermal expansion and generate compressive stress.
レールの如き鋼材は磁気ひずみは正で、上記の如く長手
方向に圧縮応力が作用すると、長手方向には磁化し難く
、それに直角な方向には磁化し易くなシ、すなわち磁気
異方性が生ずる。Steel materials such as rails have positive magnetostriction, and when compressive stress is applied in the longitudinal direction as described above, it is difficult to magnetize in the longitudinal direction and easy to magnetize in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, that is, magnetic anisotropy occurs. .
本発明では、磁気異方性の程度の測定結果に基づき内部
応力を測定する際に、測定直前に測定部位の脱磁を十分
に行なって、それ以前の着磁状態の影響を除去しようと
するのである。In the present invention, when measuring internal stress based on the measurement result of the degree of magnetic anisotropy, the measurement site is sufficiently demagnetized immediately before the measurement to remove the influence of the previous magnetization state. It is.
なお、レールの車輪と直接接触する部分は特殊な状態、
組織となっているので、本発明に係る直接測定部１０を
レール５に押付ける個所は、第２図に示すような個所５
α、５ｂなどがよい。In addition, the part of the rail that comes into direct contact with the wheels is in a special state.
Since the direct measuring part 10 according to the present invention is pressed against the rail 5, the position 5 shown in FIG.
α, 5b, etc. are good.
第３図は本発明に係る脱磁器を用いた場合と用いない場
合の、応力と磁気異方性センサ出力との関係を示す図で
ある。會印は脱磁器を作用させた場合、０印は脱磁器を
作用させなかった場合を示す。脱磁器を用いた場合は常
に安定な結果が得られているのがわかる。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between stress and magnetic anisotropy sensor output when the demagnetizer according to the present invention is used and when it is not used. The 0 mark indicates the case where the demagnetizer was used, and the 0 mark indicates the case where the demagnetizer was not used. It can be seen that stable results are always obtained when a demagnetizer is used.
なお、本発明装置は一般に前記実施例の如く直接レール
に押付ける直接測定部１ｏと、それ以外の脱磁器制御回
路や磁気異方性センサの計測回路等をまとめた測定回路
部１１０２部分にするのが良く、後者は例えばいわゆる
マイコン制御４によシ脱磁動作から最終出力まで一貫し
て行なわせることができる。The device of the present invention generally has a direct measurement section 1o that is pressed directly against the rail as in the above embodiment, and a measurement circuit section 1102 that includes other demagnetizer control circuits, magnetic anisotropy sensor measurement circuits, etc. The latter can be performed, for example, by a so-called microcomputer control 4, from the demagnetizing operation to the final output.
本発明装置圧よシ脱磁直後に磁気異方性センサによる測
定を行えば、レール以外の磁性体構造物の応力測定も安
定に行なえるようになる。If the measurement using the magnetic anisotropy sensor is performed immediately after demagnetizing the device according to the present invention, it becomes possible to stably measure the stress of magnetic structures other than rails.
以上説明したように本発明によれば、レールに存在する
磁気履歴の影響を完全に除去して再現性のある信頼性の
高いレールの軸応力測定値が得られるのでレール軸応力
の過大または過小によるレールの破断などの重大な事故
を未然に防止するためのレール軸応力検測方式が達成で
きる効果が太きい。As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to completely remove the influence of the magnetic history existing in the rail and obtain a reproducible and reliable rail axial stress measurement value. The rail axial stress testing method has a great effect on preventing serious accidents such as rail breakage caused by rail damage.
第１図（ａ）は本発明の一実施例である直接測定部の斜
視図、第１図（，６）は同実施例の回路構成を示すブロ
ック図、第２図は本発明に係る直接姐１定部をレールに
押付けた状態を示す説明図、第。
６図は脱磁器を用いた場合と用いない場合の、応力と磁
気異方性センサ出力との関係を示す図１である。
１・・・磁気異方性センナ、２・・・脱磁器コア、３・
・・脱磁コイル、４・・・ホルダ、６・・・磁気異方性
センサの計測回路、７・・・脱硫器制御回路、８・・・
測定制御回路、９・・・表示器、１０・・・直接測定部
、１１・・・測定回路部。
茅 ７ 図
１Ｃり
第 ２閏
茅 ３ 図
（歪）
第１頁の続き
■出 願 人 日立電子エンジニアリング株式％式％FIG. 1(a) is a perspective view of a direct measurement unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1(, 6) is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of the same embodiment, and FIG. Explanatory diagram showing a state in which the second fixed part is pressed against the rail, No. FIG. 6 is FIG. 1 showing the relationship between stress and magnetic anisotropy sensor output when a demagnetizer is used and when a demagnetizer is not used. 1... Magnetic anisotropic senna, 2... Demagnetized core, 3...
... Demagnetizing coil, 4... Holder, 6... Measurement circuit of magnetic anisotropy sensor, 7... Desulfurizer control circuit, 8...
Measurement control circuit, 9...Display device, 10...Direct measurement section, 11...Measuring circuit section. Thatch 7 Figure 1C No. 2 leapfrog 3 Figure (distorted) Continuation of page 1 ■Applicant Hitachi Electronics Engineering Co., Ltd. % Formula %
Claims (1)
器を備え、この脱磁器によシ脱磁した。 直後に前記磁気異方性センサにより対象レールの磁気異
方性の程度を測定し、この測定結果から磁気異方性の原
因であるレール軸応力をめ得るようにしたことを特徴と
するレール軸応力測定器。[Claims] Magnetic anisotropy capable of measuring magnetic anisotropy of a rail. It was equipped with a sensor and a demagnetizer that could demagnetize the part measured by the sensor, and the demagnetizer was used to demagnetize the area measured by the sensor. Immediately after, the degree of magnetic anisotropy of the target rail is measured by the magnetic anisotropy sensor, and from this measurement result, the rail axial stress that is the cause of the magnetic anisotropy can be determined. Stress measuring instrument.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12480883A JPS6017330A (en) | 1983-07-11 | 1983-07-11 | Measuring device of stress of rail shaft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12480883A JPS6017330A (en) | 1983-07-11 | 1983-07-11 | Measuring device of stress of rail shaft |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6017330A true JPS6017330A (en) | 1985-01-29 |
| JPH0331377B2 JPH0331377B2 (en) | 1991-05-02 |
Family
ID=14894629
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12480883A Granted JPS6017330A (en) | 1983-07-11 | 1983-07-11 | Measuring device of stress of rail shaft |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6017330A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03186725A (en) * | 1989-12-16 | 1991-08-14 | Ono Sokki Co Ltd | Method and instrument for measuring magnetic stress |
| JPH0566533U (en) * | 1992-02-21 | 1993-09-03 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | Magnetostrictive stress measuring device |
| JPH062185U (en) * | 1992-06-17 | 1994-01-14 | 財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 | Automatic stress measurement device |
| NL1028698C2 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-07-31 | Grontmij Nederland B V | System and method for at least detecting a mechanical stress in at least a part of a rail. |
| JP2008111753A (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2008-05-15 | Osaka Univ | Rail inspection device |
| EA017235B1 (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2012-10-30 | Ооо "Поволжский Магнитный Центр" | Method of demagnetizing a railway rail and holding elements thereof and device for realization the method |
| CN106290556A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2017-01-04 | 北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司 | Metal parts degradation detecting method and device and robot |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US18428A (en) * | 1857-10-13 | Cornelius walsh | ||
| JPS54104888A (en) * | 1978-02-06 | 1979-08-17 | Hitachi Ltd | Magnetic flaw detector of steel rope |
-
1983
- 1983-07-11 JP JP12480883A patent/JPS6017330A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US18428A (en) * | 1857-10-13 | Cornelius walsh | ||
| JPS54104888A (en) * | 1978-02-06 | 1979-08-17 | Hitachi Ltd | Magnetic flaw detector of steel rope |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03186725A (en) * | 1989-12-16 | 1991-08-14 | Ono Sokki Co Ltd | Method and instrument for measuring magnetic stress |
| JPH0566533U (en) * | 1992-02-21 | 1993-09-03 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | Magnetostrictive stress measuring device |
| JPH062185U (en) * | 1992-06-17 | 1994-01-14 | 財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 | Automatic stress measurement device |
| NL1028698C2 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-07-31 | Grontmij Nederland B V | System and method for at least detecting a mechanical stress in at least a part of a rail. |
| WO2006080838A1 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-08-03 | Grontmij Nederland B.V. | System and method for at least detecting a mechanical stress in at least a part of a rail |
| JP2008111753A (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2008-05-15 | Osaka Univ | Rail inspection device |
| EA017235B1 (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2012-10-30 | Ооо "Поволжский Магнитный Центр" | Method of demagnetizing a railway rail and holding elements thereof and device for realization the method |
| CN106290556A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2017-01-04 | 北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司 | Metal parts degradation detecting method and device and robot |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0331377B2 (en) | 1991-05-02 |
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