JPS60108716A - Effluent type water discharge control apparatus of dam - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the amount of water discharge without lowering a water storage level, by obtaining the difference between the amount of discharge and the amount of inflow, comparing said difference with the minimum value of the difference between the predetermined amount of discharge and amount of inflow, and computing the desired amount of discharge by a special computation. CONSTITUTION:Under the conditions of amount of inflow <= amount of discharge, present water level > effluent water level, and the time when the amount of inflow is decreasing, effluent discharge control is started at a time point 4. Then a water storage level 3 reaches an effluent discharge level 9 with the elapse of time at a control point 5. The amount of discharge 2 at this time is controlled as follows: the difference (a) between the amount of discharge 2 and the amount of inflow 1 is obtained, and the amount of discharge is decreased by 2a. The same control is performed hereinafter, and the water storage level 3 is kept at the discharge level 9 or more. Based on the past result of the tendency of the reduction in the amount of inflow, the minimum value DELTAq of the difference between the amount of discharge and the amount of inflow to be controlled is determined. When a<DELTAq, the water storage level 3 does not exceed DELTAh. Therefore the amount of discharge 2 is decreased by 2DELTAq at a control point 5.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 （ａ）発明の技術分野 本発明はダムの水門の開閉を制御して放流量を制御する
放流制御装置に係り、特にダムの洪水調節の末期におい
て貯水位を低下させずに放流量を減少させるダムの自流
放流制御装置に関する。Detailed Description of the Invention (a) Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a discharge control device that controls the amount of discharge by controlling the opening and closing of a dam's water gate, and particularly relates to a discharge control device that controls the amount of discharge by controlling the opening and closing of a dam's water gate, and particularly relates to a discharge control device that controls the discharge amount by controlling the opening and closing of a dam's water gate. The present invention relates to a dam self-discharge control device that reduces the discharge amount without reducing the discharge amount.

（ｂ）従来技術と問題点 ダムは洪水の末期からダムに流入する水量が減少するた
め、ダムの水位を低下させる放水量を調節して可能な限
り水位の低下を避けるようにしている。ダムの水位を一
定値に維持するにはダムに流入する水量、即ち流入量と
ダムから放水する放流量とを等しくすれば良いが、ダム
の流入量を直接測定することは出来ない。従って流入量
と放流量とを常に等しく維持することは現実的には不可
能である。(b) Prior Art and Problems Since the amount of water flowing into a dam decreases from the end of a flood, the amount of water released to lower the water level of the dam is adjusted to avoid lowering the water level as much as possible. In order to maintain the water level in a dam at a constant value, it is sufficient to equalize the amount of water flowing into the dam, that is, the inflow amount, and the amount of water discharged from the dam, but it is not possible to directly measure the amount of water flowing into the dam. Therefore, it is practically impossible to always keep the inflow amount and the outflow amount equal.

一従来の自流放流制御（洪水末期のダム水位を可能な限
り低下させない放流制御）はダムの水位の変化に応じて
放流量を増減し、出来るだけ水位を低下させないように
制御している。即ち水位の変化するステップ毎に放流量
を変化させて流入量に近づける制御を行う。これは計画
洪水流量を最大の放流ステップとし、洪水調節開始流量
を最小の放流ステップとする水位偏差方式であり、水位
の１ステツプ低下毎に放流量を１ステツプ減少させてい
る。この方式によると貯水位が低下しないと放流量を減
少することが出来ず、１水位ステップをΔｈとし、ｎ回
放流量の調節を行ったとすればΔｈＸｎだけ貯水位が低
下することとなり、本来の洪水末期における貯水量の確
保の為の自流放流制御の目的が達成出来ないという欠点
がある。Conventional run-stream discharge control (discharge control that minimizes the drop in dam water level at the end of a flood) increases or decreases the discharge amount in response to changes in the dam's water level, and controls the water level as much as possible to prevent the water level from dropping. That is, control is performed to change the discharge amount at each step of the water level change so as to bring it closer to the inflow amount. This is a water level deviation method in which the planned flood flow rate is the maximum discharge step and the flood control start flow rate is the minimum discharge step, and the discharge volume is reduced by one step for every one step decrease in the water level. According to this method, it is not possible to reduce the discharge amount unless the water storage level decreases, and if one water level step is Δh and the discharge amount is adjusted n times, the water storage level will decrease by ΔhXn, which causes the original flood. The disadvantage is that the purpose of self-discharge control to secure the amount of water stored in the final stages cannot be achieved.

（Ｃ）発明の目的 本発明の目的は上記欠点を除くため、貯水位を低下させ
ずに放流量を減少させるダムの自流放流制御装置を提供
することにある。(C) Object of the Invention In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, it is an object of the present invention to provide a dam self-flow discharge control device that reduces the discharge amount without lowering the water storage level.

（ｄ）発明の構成 本発明の構成はダムの水門開閉を制御して放流量を制御
するダム放流制御装置において、貯水位の変化を検出し
て流入量を算出する手段と、水門開閉状態から放流量を
算出する手段と、該放流量と流入量との差Ｘをめ、予め
定めた放流量と流入量との差の最小値Ｙと比較し、Ｘ＞
Ｙならば目標放流量をＸを基準に算出し、ｘ＜ｙならば
目標放流量を２Ｙを基準に算出する手段と、前記目標放
流量により水門を制御する手段とを設け、貯水位を低下
させることなく放流量を減少させるようにしたものであ
る。(d) Structure of the Invention The structure of the present invention is a dam discharge control device that controls the opening and closing of the water gates of a dam to control the amount of discharge. A means for calculating the discharge amount, the difference X between the discharge amount and the inflow amount is compared with a predetermined minimum value Y of the difference between the discharge amount and the inflow amount, and X>
If Y, the target discharge amount is calculated based on X, and if x<y, a means for calculating the target discharge amount is calculated based on 2Y, and a means is provided for controlling the water gate based on the target discharge amount, and the water storage level is lowered. The system is designed to reduce the amount of discharge without increasing the amount of water discharged.

（ｅ）発明の実施例 本発明は貯水位を低下させずに流入量の減少に伴い放流
量を減少させるように制御するものである。第１図は本
発明の詳細な説明する図である。(e) Embodiments of the Invention The present invention provides control to reduce the discharge amount as the inflow amount decreases without lowering the water storage level. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the present invention in detail.

横軸を経過時間ｔとし、縦軸を水位Ｈと水量Ｑとで表す
。１は流入量、２は放流量、３は貯水位、４は本発明の
自流放流制御開始時点、５〜８は制御点、９は自流放流
水位を示す。自流放流制御開始時点４で本発明の自流放
流制御方式がオペレータにより指示されたとする。ダム
の貯水位３は流入量が減少している為、時間の経過と共
に低下し、制御点５で自流放流水位９に達する。この時
の放流量２の制御は、この時点における水門の開度から
得られる放流量２と貯水位の変化から計算された流入量
との差ａをめ、２ａ分放流量を減少する。こうすると流
入量１が放流量２を上回るため、貯水位３は上昇する。The horizontal axis represents elapsed time t, and the vertical axis represents water level H and water amount Q. 1 is the inflow amount, 2 is the discharge amount, 3 is the storage water level, 4 is the starting point of the self-discharge control of the present invention, 5 to 8 are the control points, and 9 is the self-discharge water level. It is assumed that the operator instructs the self-flow discharge control method of the present invention at point 4 of starting the self-flow discharge control. The dam's water storage level 3 decreases over time due to the decrease in inflow, and reaches the own stream discharge water level 9 at the control point 5. The control of the discharge amount 2 at this time takes into account the difference a between the discharge amount 2 obtained from the opening degree of the water gate at this point and the inflow amount calculated from the change in the water storage level, and reduces the 2a portion of the discharge amount. In this case, since the inflow amount 1 exceeds the outflow amount 2, the water storage level 3 rises.

その後流入量１が低下し、ついには放流量２より減少し
て貯水位３が低下し、制御点６で自流放流水位９に達す
る。この時の放流量２の制御は、この時点における水門
の開度から得られる放流Ｍ２と貯水位の変化から計算さ
れた流入量との差すをめ、２ｂ分放流量を減少する。こ
うすると流入量１が放流量２を上回るため、貯水位３は
上昇する。その後流入量１が低下し、ついには放流量２
より減少して貯水位３が低下し、制御点７で自流放流水
位９に達する。この時の放流量２の制御は、この時点に
おける水門の開度から得られる放搾量２と貯水位の変化
から計算された流入量との差Ｃをめ、２ｃ分放流量を減
少する。こうすると流入Ｎ１が放流Ｍ２を上回るため、
貯水位３は上昇する。その後流入Ｎ１が低下し、ついに
は放流量２より減少して貯水位３が低下し、制御点８で
自流放流水位９に達する。上記同様にして放流量２と流
入量１との差ｄをめ２ｄ分放流量を減少させる。このよ
うに制御することにより貯水位を自流放流水位以上に保
持したまま流入量の減少に応じて減少することが出来る
。本制御方式の開始条件は流入量≦放流量、現在水位〉
自流放流水位、流入量減少中の３条件が揃った時であり
、終了条件は流入量が減少から増加に転じた時である。After that, the inflow amount 1 decreases, and finally becomes smaller than the discharge amount 2, and the storage water level 3 decreases, reaching the self-flow discharge water level 9 at the control point 6. The control of the discharge amount 2 at this time is to reduce the 2b distribution flow amount in order to compensate for the difference between the discharge M2 obtained from the opening degree of the water gate at this time and the inflow amount calculated from the change in the water storage level. In this case, since the inflow amount 1 exceeds the outflow amount 2, the water storage level 3 rises. After that, the inflow rate 1 decreases, and finally the discharge rate 2
The storage water level 3 decreases further and reaches the self-discharge water level 9 at the control point 7. The control of the discharge amount 2 at this time takes the difference C between the discharge amount 2 obtained from the opening degree of the water gate at this time and the inflow amount calculated from the change in the water level, and reduces the 2c portion of the discharge amount. In this way, the inflow N1 exceeds the outflow M2, so
Water level 3 will rise. Thereafter, the inflow N1 decreases, and finally decreases to less than the discharge amount 2, causing the storage water level 3 to decrease, and reaches the self-flow discharge water level 9 at the control point 8. In the same manner as described above, the difference d between the discharge amount 2 and the inflow amount 1 is reduced by 2d. By controlling in this way, it is possible to reduce the storage water level in accordance with the decrease in the inflow amount while maintaining the water level above the self-stream discharge water level. The starting conditions for this control method are inflow volume <= discharge volume, current water level>
This is when the three conditions of self-discharge water level and decreasing inflow are met, and the end condition is when the inflow changes from decreasing to increasing.

尚貯水位の変化を検出するため貯水位の上昇を最低Δｈ
（通常は１ｃｍ）確保するように、制御する放流量と流
入量の差の最小値Δｑをそのダムの過去の流入Ｎ減少傾
向の実績より定めておき、制御前の（放流量−流入量）
が該Δｑより小さい場合は放流量を（流入量−Δｑ）ま
で減少するものとする。例えばａ〈Δｑであるとすると
貯水位がΔｈを越えないため、貯水位の変化を検出出来
ないこととなる。従って放流量の減少量を大きくするた
め制御点５では放流量を２Δｑ分減少するようにするも
のである。In order to detect changes in the water storage level, the rise in the water storage level must be kept at a minimum of Δh.
(usually 1 cm), the minimum value Δq of the difference between the controlled discharge amount and inflow amount is determined based on the past record of the inflow N decreasing trend of the dam, and the (discharge amount - inflow amount) before control is determined.
is smaller than Δq, the discharge amount is reduced to (inflow amount−Δq). For example, if a<Δq, the reservoir water level does not exceed Δh, and therefore a change in the reservoir water level cannot be detected. Therefore, in order to increase the amount of decrease in the amount of discharge, at control point 5, the amount of discharge is decreased by 2Δq.

第２図は本発明の一実施例を示す回路のブロック図であ
る。端子Ａよりセンサが検出する貯水位が水位検出部１
０に入る。水位検出部１ｏは貯水位を平準化して貯水量
算出部１２と放流量算出部１１に水位を送る。貯水量算
出部１２は水位から貯水量を算出し流入量算出部１４に
送る。流入量算出部１４は規定時間毎の貯水量の変化か
ら流入量を算出し差検出部１５に送る。放流量算出部１
１は水門開度制御部１３の水門開度と水位検出部１０の
水位から放流量を算出し差検出部Ｉ５に送る。差検出部
１５は放流量と流入量の差、即ち第１図の制御点５では
ａをめて判定部１６に送る。FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a circuit showing one embodiment of the present invention. The water level detected by the sensor from terminal A is the water level detection part 1.
Enters 0. The water level detection unit 1o levels the stored water level and sends the level to the storage amount calculation unit 12 and the discharge amount calculation unit 11. The water storage amount calculation section 12 calculates the storage amount from the water level and sends it to the inflow amount calculation section 14. The inflow amount calculation unit 14 calculates the inflow amount from the change in the amount of water stored at each specified time, and sends it to the difference detection unit 15. Discharge amount calculation part 1
1 calculates the discharge amount from the water gate opening degree of the water gate opening degree control section 13 and the water level of the water level detection section 10, and sends it to the difference detection section I5. The difference detection section 15 calculates the difference between the discharge amount and the inflow amount, that is, a at the control point 5 in FIG. 1, and sends it to the determination section 16.

判定部１６ばΔｑ設定部２０の設定したΔｑと差検出部
１５が送出する放流量と流入量の差の値を比較し、放流
量と流入量の差の値が大きければ目標放流量算出＊ｒｎ
７ｔ、こ放流量と流入量の差の値に対応する放流量の算
出を行わせる。即ち第１図の制御点５では２ａ分減少し
た放流量を算出する。The determination unit 16 compares Δq set by the Δq setting unit 20 with the value of the difference between the discharge amount and the inflow amount sent out by the difference detection portion 15, and if the difference between the discharge amount and the inflow amount is large, the target discharge amount is calculated* rn
At 7t, the discharge amount corresponding to the difference between the discharge amount and the inflow amount is calculated. That is, at control point 5 in FIG. 1, a discharge amount reduced by 2a is calculated.

目標開度指示部１８は目標放流算出部１７の算出機に従
って水門開度制御部】３を制御して水門の開度を設定す
る。若し差検出部１５の送出する値がΔｑＪ：り小さげ
れば判定部１６は２Δｑ設定部Ｉ９を制御して目標放流
Ｍ３！′出８Ｂ】７に２Δｑ分放流量を減少さ一ロるよ
うに目標放流量を算出させる。表示部２１は流入量算出
部１４と放流量算出部１１の送出する値を表示する。The target opening degree instruction section 18 controls the water gate opening degree control section 3 according to the calculator of the target discharge calculation section 17 to set the opening degree of the water gate. If the value sent by the difference detection unit 15 is smaller than ΔqJ:, the determination unit 16 controls the 2Δq setting unit I9 to set the target discharge M3! 'Output 8B] 7 calculates the target discharge amount so that the discharge amount is decreased by 2Δq. The display section 21 displays the values sent by the inflow amount calculation section 14 and the discharge amount calculation section 11.

（ｒ）発明の詳細 な説明した如く本発明は貯水位を低下させること４（＜
流入量の減少に応して放流けを減少さ一υることか出来
る。(r) As described in detail, the present invention reduces the water storage level 4 (<
It is possible to reduce the discharge in response to a decrease in the inflow.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本発明の詳細な説明する図、第２図は本発明の
一実施例を示す回ｔＩ？ｔのブロック図である。 １０は水位検出部、１１は放流量算出１°＋Ｊ（、Ｊ２
は貯水量算出部、］３は水門開度側）１１１部、１４は
流入量算出部、】５は差検出部、１６は′１′す足部、
１７は目標放流同算出部、１８圀目標開度ｔｔｉ示部、
１９は２Δｑ設定部、２０　ＩＩΔｑ設定部、２Ｉは表
示部である。FIG. 1 is a diagram explaining the present invention in detail, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram of t. 10 is the water level detection unit, 11 is the discharge amount calculation 1° + J (, J2
]3 is the water gate opening side) 111 part, 14 is the inflow calculation part, ]5 is the difference detection part, 16 is '1' foot part,
17 is a target discharge calculation unit, 18 is a target opening tti indicator,
19 is a 2Δq setting section, 20 is an IIΔq setting section, and 2I is a display section.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] ダムの水門開閉を制御して放流量を制御するダム放流制
御装置において、貯水位の変化を検出して流入量を算出
する手段と、水門開閉状態から放流量を算出する手段と
、該放流量と流入量との差Ｘをめ、予め定めた放流量と
流入量との差の最小値Ｙと比較し、ｘ＞Ｙならば目標放
流量をＸを基準に算出し、Ｘ＜Ｙならば目標放流量を２
Ｙを基準に算出する手段と、前記目標放流量により水門
を制御する手段とを設けたことを特徴とするダムの自流
放流制御装置。A dam discharge control device that controls the discharge amount by controlling the opening and closing of the water gates of a dam, comprising means for detecting changes in the water storage level and calculating the inflow amount, means for calculating the discharge amount from the water gate opening and closing state, and the discharge amount. Calculate the difference X between Set the target discharge amount to 2
A self-flow discharge control device for a dam, comprising means for calculating Y based on the target discharge amount, and means for controlling a water gate based on the target discharge amount.