JPS592255B2 - Production method of oil cake - Google Patents
Production method of oil cakeInfo
- Publication number
- JPS592255B2 JPS592255B2 JP55144362A JP14436280A JPS592255B2 JP S592255 B2 JPS592255 B2 JP S592255B2 JP 55144362 A JP55144362 A JP 55144362A JP 14436280 A JP14436280 A JP 14436280A JP S592255 B2 JPS592255 B2 JP S592255B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- solvent
- membrane
- oil
- oil cake
- micella
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は油脂を限外濾過膜で処理する事により分離され
る燐脂質を添加することからなる油粕の製造法に係る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing oil cake, which comprises adding phospholipids separated by treating fats and oils with an ultrafiltration membrane.
従来から各種の油粕に、油脂の脱ガム工程で副生ずる燐
脂質分を添加して、油粕の飼料又は肥料としての効率を
高めることが行われていた。BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, phospholipids, which are produced as a by-product during the degumming process of fats and oils, have been added to various oil cakes to increase the efficiency of the oil cake as feed or fertilizer.
上記の燐脂質分は一般に油滓と呼ばれており通常、水の
添加による脱ガム工程で得られるものを使用しているが
、この様な油滓は水分を５０％前後含んでいる為に油粕
に混合した後に油滓中の水分を除去する乾燥工程が必要
である。The above-mentioned phospholipid content is generally called soapstock, and is usually obtained through a degumming process by adding water, but since such soapstock contains around 50% water, A drying step is required to remove moisture from the soapstock after mixing it with the soapstock.
また油滓が高粘性であるから油粕と均一に混合しにくい
うえ、団子状のかたまりになり易く、上記の乾燥工程で
の水分の蒸発効率が悪い。Furthermore, since soapstock is highly viscous, it is difficult to mix uniformly with oil cake, and it tends to form lumps, resulting in poor water evaporation efficiency in the drying process.
本発明の目的はかかる欠点のない、油滓の油粕への添加
手段を提供し、以って効率の高い油粕を得ることにある
。An object of the present invention is to provide a means for adding soapstock to oil lees without such drawbacks, thereby obtaining highly efficient oil lees.
本発明者らは鋭意研究の結果、油脂を限外濾過膜で処理
する事により分離される燐脂質の濃縮液を用いると上記
の目的が達成される事を見い出した。As a result of intensive research, the present inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by using a concentrated solution of phospholipids that is separated by treating fats and oils with an ultrafiltration membrane.
本発明はこの様な知見に基づいて完成されたもので、２
個以上を直列に配夕１ルた限外沢過膜に順次、原油と溶
剤の混合液を接触させると共に前記限外濾過膜の少なく
ともひとつの連結部へ前記の溶剤、混合液又は前記限外
ア過膜からの透過液の一部を供給し、前記限外濾過膜に
よって前記混合液から燐脂質の濃縮液を分離し、これを
油粕に添加したのら、脱溶剤することを特徴とする油粕
の製造法である。The present invention was completed based on such knowledge, and 2
A mixed solution of crude oil and a solvent is sequentially brought into contact with the ultrafiltration membranes arranged in series, and the solvent, mixed solution, or A part of the permeated liquid from the filtration membrane is supplied, a concentrated phospholipid liquid is separated from the mixed liquid by the ultrafiltration membrane, and after this is added to the oil cake, the solvent is removed. This is a method for producing oil cake.
限外沢過膜は、ポリスルホン系又はポリイミド系高分子
膜からなる耐溶剤、耐油性の管状モジュールが適当であ
り、その分画分子量は２０，０００以下のものが好まし
い。The ultrafiltration membrane is suitably a solvent- and oil-resistant tubular module made of a polysulfone-based or polyimide-based polymer membrane, and preferably has a molecular weight cut-off of 20,000 or less.
この限外濾過膜処理に適用できる原油としては、大豆、
菜種、綿実、アマニ、ヒマワリ、サフラワー、ゴマ等か
ら採取されたものをあげることができる。Crude oils that can be applied to this ultrafiltration membrane treatment include soybean,
Examples include those collected from rapeseed, cottonseed, flaxseed, sunflower, safflower, sesame, etc.
溶剤は種々の炭化水素を使用できるが、通常ヘキサンが
好ましい。Various hydrocarbons can be used as the solvent, but hexane is usually preferred.
原油と溶剤の混合液（以下ミセラという）中の原油の濃
度は２０〜４０％が適当であり、これより高濃度の場合
は膜の透過速度が低下し、実用的でない。The appropriate concentration of crude oil in the mixture of crude oil and solvent (hereinafter referred to as micellar) is 20 to 40%; higher concentrations than this lower the membrane permeation rate and are not practical.
溶剤抽出法による原油はミセラの状態で得られ、その濃
度も上記の範囲にあるから、そのまま本発明における膜
処理を行う事ができる。Since the crude oil obtained by the solvent extraction method is obtained in a miscellaneous state and its concentration is within the above range, it can be directly subjected to the membrane treatment in the present invention.
各限外濾過膜の少なくともひとつの連結部へ溶剤、ミセ
ラ又は限外濾過膜を通過した透過液の一部を供給する事
により被処理ミセラの粘度及び濃度を下げる事ができ、
処理効率が向上する。The viscosity and concentration of the micella to be treated can be reduced by supplying a solvent, micella, or a portion of the permeate that has passed through the ultrafiltration membrane to at least one connection of each ultrafiltration membrane;
Processing efficiency is improved.
供給液の量は被処理ミセラの５〜１０％が適当である。The appropriate amount of the supply liquid is 5 to 10% of the micella to be treated.
この供給は各限外ｐ過膜の連結部のすべてに於て行って
もよいし、その一部でもよい。This supply may be performed at all or only a portion of the connecting portions of each ultrap membrane.
後者の場合は被処理ミセラの粘度及び濃度が上昇する最
終段の限外濾過膜の前へ供給する事が望ましい。In the latter case, it is desirable to feed the micella to the final stage before the ultrafiltration membrane, where the viscosity and concentration of the micella increases.
以上の様な供給を行わないと操作中に被処理ミセラの粘
度が上昇したり、膜面に燐脂質が沈着し、膜の透過速度
が著るしく低下する等の為、工業的規模で原油から燐脂
質を濃縮する事が実際上できない。If the above-mentioned supply is not carried out, the viscosity of the micella to be treated will increase during the operation, phospholipids will be deposited on the membrane surface, and the membrane permeation rate will be significantly reduced. It is practically impossible to concentrate phospholipids from
本発明の実施に当っては、限外濾過膜、限外ア過膜への
ミセラを圧送循環する為のポンプ、配管及びタンク並び
に各限外濾過膜の連結部分へ溶剤、ミセラ又は前記透過
液の一部を供給する為のポンプ及び配管を備えた設備を
用いる。In carrying out the present invention, the ultrafiltration membrane, the pump, piping, and tank for pumping and circulating the micella to the ultrafiltration membrane, and the connecting parts of each ultrafiltration membrane are provided with a solvent, micella, or the permeate. Use equipment equipped with pumps and piping to supply a portion of the water.
ミセラは限外ア過膜とタンクの間を循環しつつ加圧下に
各限外濾過膜と順次接触し、膜を透過しない循環液中に
燐脂質が濃縮され、一方燐脂質が除去されたミセラが透
過液として得られる。The micella is circulated between the ultrafiltration membrane and the tank and comes into contact with each ultrafiltration membrane in sequence under pressure, and the phospholipids are concentrated in the circulating fluid that does not pass through the membrane, while the micellar phospholipids are removed. is obtained as permeate.
また溶剤、ミセラ又は透過液の一部は各限外濾過膜の連
結部の少なくともひとつへ供給され被処理ミセラと共に
下流側の限外濾過膜へ送られる。Also, a portion of the solvent, micella or permeate is supplied to at least one of the connections of each ultrafiltration membrane and is sent to the downstream ultrafiltration membrane along with the micella to be treated.
運転中のミセラ温度は４０〜６５℃、圧力は５〜２０ｋ
ｙ／ｃｒ？ｔが適当である。Micellar temperature during operation is 40-65℃, pressure is 5-20K
y/cr? t is appropriate.
これより温度や圧力が低いと膜の透過速度が遅くなり、
処理効率が低下する。If the temperature or pressure is lower than this, the permeation rate of the membrane will be slower,
Processing efficiency decreases.
以上の様にして燐脂質の濃縮液が得られるのでこれをそ
のまま油粕に添加する。A phospholipid concentrate is obtained as described above, and this is added to the oil cake as it is.
添加量は油粕に対し１〜５％が適当である。The appropriate amount of addition is 1 to 5% based on the oil cake.
油粕としては大豆、菜種、綿実、アマニ、ヒマワリ、サ
フラワー等の油粕の如〈従来から飼料又は肥料として使
用されているものが全て使用できる。As the oil cake, oil cakes of soybean, rapeseed, cottonseed, linseed, sunflower, safflower, etc. (all those conventionally used as feed or fertilizer can be used).
濃縮液を添加後、常法により脱溶剤すれば燐脂質分の添
加された油粕、即ら本発明の油粕が得られる。After adding the concentrate, the solvent is removed by a conventional method to obtain oil cake to which a phospholipid component has been added, that is, the oil cake of the present invention.
上記の燐脂質分は、従来から油粕に添加されていた油滓
と実質的に成分が同一であるから、本発明による油粕は
、かかる従来法ζこよる油粕と同じものとなり、飼料又
は肥料としての効率が高い。The above-mentioned phospholipid content is substantially the same as that of the soapstock conventionally added to the oil cake, so the oil cake of the present invention is the same as the oil cake of the conventional method, and can be used as feed or fertilizer. High efficiency.
溶剤抽出法により得られる油粕は、そのままではまた溶
剤を含み、脱溶剤を必要とするが、この様な脱溶剤の油
粕に上記の濃縮液を添加したのら脱溶剤を行えば、油粕
中の溶剤と濃縮液中の溶剤を一緒に留去でき、工程が簡
便化できる。The oil lees obtained by the solvent extraction method still contains solvent and requires removal of the solvent, but if the above concentrate is added to such solvent-free oil lees and the solvent is removed, the amount of the solvent in the oil lees can be removed. The solvent and the solvent in the concentrated solution can be distilled off together, simplifying the process.
本発明における燐脂質の濃縮液は従来の油滓と異り水分
を含まないから、油粕に添加した後の乾燥工程が不要と
なる。Unlike conventional soapstock, the phospholipid concentrate of the present invention does not contain water, so a drying step after adding it to the soap cake is not necessary.
またこの濃縮液は粘性が低いので、油粕と均一に混合で
き、従来の油滓の様な団子状のかたまりを生ずるという
事がない。Furthermore, since this concentrated liquid has a low viscosity, it can be mixed uniformly with oil cake, and does not form lump-like lumps like conventional soapstock.
以下に実施例を示す。Examples are shown below.
実施例 １
ヘキサンを溶剤とする抽出法によって菜種から得られた
ミセラ〔油分２２％、油分中の燐脂質２．５％（アセト
ン不溶分として。Example 1 Micella obtained from rapeseed by an extraction method using hexane as a solvent [22% oil content, 2.5% phospholipid in oil content (as acetone insoluble content).
以下同様）〕を、日東電工■製限外濾適用非水系膜ＮＴ
Ｕ−４２２０（分画分子量２０，０００）Ｐ−１８モジ
ユールを３個直列に配夕１ルた装置を用いて処理した。The same applies hereafter)], Nitto Denko ■ ultrafiltration applied non-aqueous membrane NT
The treatment was carried out using an apparatus in which three U-4220 (molecular weight cutoff 20,000) P-18 modules were arranged in series.
各モジュールの膜面積は順に９．２ｍ”、１．８ｍ、０
．８ｍである。The membrane area of each module is 9.2m", 1.8m", 0.
．． It is 8m.
ミセラは１５５５１３／時、膜入口圧力１０ ｋｇ／
ｒｒｌ、温度５０℃、膜内線速度２〜４ｍ／秒でモジュ
ールへ供給した。Micella is 155513/hour, membrane inlet pressure 10 kg/
rrl, a temperature of 50° C., and a linear velocity within the membrane of 2 to 4 m/sec.
ミセラは各モジュールで循環しつつ膜と接触し、膜を通
過しない循環液中に燐脂質が濃縮された。Micella came into contact with the membrane while circulating in each module, and phospholipids were concentrated in the circulating fluid that did not pass through the membrane.
また第２段と第３段のモジュールの連結部分ヘヘキサン
を６９１／時の割合で供給した。In addition, the hexane connecting portion between the second and third stage modules was supplied at a rate of 691/hour.
循環液中の燐脂質含量（溶剤を除く）は各段で順に２０
％、４０％、６５％であり、３段目の最終濃度は６５％
に達した。The phospholipid content (excluding solvent) in the circulating fluid is 20 in each stage in turn.
%, 40%, 65%, and the final concentration in the third stage is 65%.
reached.
このもの２２０ｋｇを大豆油粕７，５．００ｋｇに添加
したところ均一な混合状態が容易に得られた。When 220 kg of this product was added to 7.5.00 kg of soybean oil cake, a uniform mixing state was easily obtained.
これを常法により脱溶剤して飼料効率の高い油粕を得た
。The solvent was removed by a conventional method to obtain oil cake with high feed efficiency.
比較の為、前記ミセラを脱溶剤して得た菜種原油に対し
、従来の水添加による脱ガム法を常法により実施して得
た油滓を大豆油粕に添加したが、油滓の粘性が高い為に
均一に混合しにくく、団子状のかたまりを生じた。For comparison, a soapstock obtained by carrying out the conventional degumming method by adding water to the rapeseed crude oil obtained by removing the solvent from the miscella was added to the soybean oil cake, but the viscosity of the soapstock was Due to the high content, it was difficult to mix uniformly, resulting in dumpling-like clumps.
また、混合後に油滓中の水分を除去する乾燥工程が必要
であり、団子状のかたまりの為、乾燥時の水分の蒸発効
率が悪かった。In addition, a drying step was required to remove water from the soapstock after mixing, and the evaporation efficiency of water during drying was poor due to the lump-like lumps.
Claims (1)
溶剤の混合液を接触させると共に前記限外濾過膜の少な
くともひとつの連結部へ前記の溶剤混合液又は前記限外
ｐ過膜からの透過液の一部を供給し、前記限外濾過膜に
よって前記混合液から燐脂質の濃縮液を分離し、これを
油粕に添加したのら、脱溶剤することを特徴とする油粕
の製造法。A mixture of crude oil and a solvent is sequentially brought into contact with ultrafiltration membranes in which 12 or more ultrafiltration membranes are arranged in series, and the solvent mixture or the ultrapolar filtration membrane is supplied to at least one connecting portion of the ultrafiltration membrane. Production of oil cake, characterized in that a part of the permeated liquid from is supplied, a phospholipid concentrate is separated from the mixed liquid by the ultrafiltration membrane, this is added to the oil cake, and then the solvent is removed. Law.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55144362A JPS592255B2 (en) | 1980-10-17 | 1980-10-17 | Production method of oil cake |
| CA000386821A CA1161458A (en) | 1980-10-03 | 1981-09-28 | Treatment of crude oils |
| DE19813138498 DE3138498A1 (en) | 1980-10-03 | 1981-09-28 | A process for the treatment of crude oils |
| GB8129653A GB2084606B (en) | 1980-10-03 | 1981-10-01 | Treating crude oil |
| MY8700636A MY8700636A (en) | 1980-10-03 | 1987-12-30 | Treating crude oil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55144362A JPS592255B2 (en) | 1980-10-17 | 1980-10-17 | Production method of oil cake |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5768744A JPS5768744A (en) | 1982-04-27 |
| JPS592255B2 true JPS592255B2 (en) | 1984-01-18 |
Family
ID=15360334
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55144362A Expired JPS592255B2 (en) | 1980-10-03 | 1980-10-17 | Production method of oil cake |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS592255B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02105754U (en) * | 1989-02-10 | 1990-08-22 | ||
| JPH0439738Y2 (en) * | 1986-02-15 | 1992-09-17 |
-
1980
- 1980-10-17 JP JP55144362A patent/JPS592255B2/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0439738Y2 (en) * | 1986-02-15 | 1992-09-17 | ||
| JPH02105754U (en) * | 1989-02-10 | 1990-08-22 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5768744A (en) | 1982-04-27 |
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