JPS58194995A - Purification of crude glyceride oil composition - Google Patents

Purification of crude glyceride oil composition

Info

Publication number
JPS58194995A
JPS58194995A JP7774982A JP7774982A JPS58194995A JP S58194995 A JPS58194995 A JP S58194995A JP 7774982 A JP7774982 A JP 7774982A JP 7774982 A JP7774982 A JP 7774982A JP S58194995 A JPS58194995 A JP S58194995A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
membrane
oil composition
glyceride oil
crude glyceride
crude
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP7774982A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
棚橋 整一
永野 薫
笠井 正章
坪根 不二彦
昭男 岩間
数瀬 能孝
田坂 謙太郎
磯岡 豊
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nitto Denko Corp
Original Assignee
Nitto Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nitto Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Nitto Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP7774982A priority Critical patent/JPS58194995A/en
Publication of JPS58194995A publication Critical patent/JPS58194995A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。
(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は$11製グリセリド油組成物の精製方法に関す
る。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a process for purifying a $11 glyceride oil composition.

食用油として用いられる植物油はその原料中の含油量に
応じて、原料を圧搾したり、又は原料をヘキサンのよう
な有機溶剤で抽出してミセラとし、このミセラから溶剤
を蒸発除去して粗製グリセリド油とし、次に、この粗製
グリセリド油に含まれるガム質を除去するために、水を
加えてガム質を水和し、これを膨潤、凝固させた後、遠
心分離し、更に、薬剤を加えて脱ガムを繰返した後、脱
酸、脱色、脱臭して製造されている。しかし、このよう
な精製方法は、化学処理を含む煩瑣な脱ガムのほか、脱
酸、脱ロウ操作を繰返して行なう必要があると共に、こ
れらの精製操作によって相当量のグリセリド油の損失を
余儀なくされている。
Depending on the oil content in the raw material, vegetable oils used as edible oils are produced by squeezing the raw material or extracting the raw material with an organic solvent such as hexane to form miscella, and then removing the solvent from the miscella to produce crude glyceride. Next, in order to remove the gummy substance contained in this crude glyceride oil, water is added to hydrate the gummy substance, which is swollen and coagulated, and then centrifuged, and then a drug is added. After repeated degumming, deacidification, decolorization, and deodorization are performed. However, such refining methods require repeated deacidification and dewaxing operations in addition to complicated degumming including chemical treatments, and these refining operations inevitably result in the loss of a considerable amount of glyceride oil. ing.

このような不利益を竺<ため、粗製グリセリド油組成物
ミセラをポリ反ルホン、ポリアクリロニトリル又はポリ
アミド<Xらなる限外濾過膜で処理して精製する方法が
特−゛昭50−153010号カいや特開、5゜−84
″1・206号。報、提案あゎている。このような方法
による粗製グリセリド油組成物の精製方法は、従来の方
法に比べ、グリセリド油の損失も少なく、また、エネル
ギーコストの削減の点からもすぐれている。しかし、一
般に脱ガム油をその後の脱色脱臭によって食用に供し得
る精製グリセリド油とするには、脱ガムによって説ガム
油中の残存ガム質を100 ppm以下とする必要があ
るとされているが、上記のような重合体からなる限外濾
過膜によっては、ガム質の除去が尚十分ではない。
In order to eliminate such disadvantages, a method of purifying the crude glyceride oil composition micella by treating it with an ultrafiltration membrane made of polyanthine, polyacrylonitrile, or polyamide <X> has been proposed. No, JP-A, 5°-84
No. 1.206. Reports and proposals are aplenty. Compared to conventional methods, the method for refining crude glyceride oil compositions has the advantage of reducing loss of glyceride oil and reducing energy costs. However, in general, in order to make degummed oil into refined glyceride oil that can be used for food by subsequent decolorization and deodorization, it is necessary to reduce the residual gum content in the gum oil to 100 ppm or less by degumming. However, the ultrafiltration membrane made of the above-mentioned polymer is still not able to remove gum substances sufficiently.

このため、既に本発明者らは、特定された構造を有する
ポリイミド重合体からなる限外濾過膜を用いて粗製グリ
セリド油組成物ミセラを膜処理することにより、残存ガ
ム質が100 ppn+以下の脱ガムグリセリド油:、
1を得る方法を提案しているが(特願昭55 、16.
6.059号)、このような方法においても、長期にわ
たる工業的な運転の場合、ガム質等が膜面に、<を着し
、或いは膜面に近接して濃度分極層を形管・・5.、グ
リセリド油と有機溶剤とからなる膜透過液の1透過液量
が時間と共に減少して、精製の効率が低下し、更には限
外濾過膜の寿命を短かくする問題が見出された。
For this reason, the present inventors have already carried out membrane treatment on the crude glyceride oil composition micella using an ultrafiltration membrane made of a polyimide polymer having a specified structure, thereby reducing the residual gum content to 100 ppn+ or less. Gum glyceride oil:
1 (Japanese Patent Application No. 1983, 16.
6.059), even in such a method, in the case of long-term industrial operation, gum substances etc. may adhere to the membrane surface or form a concentration polarized layer close to the membrane surface. 5. It has been found that the amount of membrane permeate consisting of glyceride oil and organic solvent decreases with time, reducing purification efficiency and further shortening the life of the ultrafiltration membrane.

勿論、このようなガム質等によって汚染された限外濾過
膜を、従来か゛ら知られているように膜透過液や洗浄液
、薬剤で洗浄したり、或いはスポンジボールで細面を摩
擦洗浄するとともできるが、このような従来からの洗浄
方法によれば、洗浄のために運転の中断を要するほかに
ミ洗浄液の調製や洗浄装置の設置等、経済的□、時間的
な不利益が大きい。
Of course, it is possible to clean the ultrafiltration membrane contaminated with such gum substances with membrane permeation liquid, cleaning liquid, or chemicals, or by rubbing the fine surface with a sponge ball, as is known in the art. According to such conventional cleaning methods, in addition to requiring interruption of operation for cleaning, preparation of cleaning liquid and installation of cleaning equipment are disadvantageous economically and in terms of time.

本発明は上記した種々の問題を解決するためになされた
ものであ?て、膜透過液量が低下した限外濾過膜を簡単
な操作によって透過液量を繰返し回復させつつ、粗製グ
リ七゛リド□油組□成物を限外濾過し、精−する方法□
をi供することを目的□とする。
Is the present invention made to solve the various problems mentioned above? A method for ultrafiltrating and purifying crude glycerinide oil composition while repeatedly restoring the permeate amount of an ultrafiltration membrane with a reduced amount of membrane permeation through simple operations.
The purpose is to provide i.

本莞明による粗製グリセリド油組成物の精製方ド油組成
物ミセラを限外濾過膜に“加圧下に接触させ、膜透過液
として精製された脱ガム油を得る方法において、れ1製
グリセリド油組成物の含有量が1〜30重量%であり、
1つ、ミセラを膜に接触させて限外濾過処理した場合は
粗製グリセリド油組成物の含有量がそのミセデの2/3
以下である希薄ミセラて上記限外濾過膜の膜面を洗浄す
ることにより、低下した膜透過液量を回復させることを
特徴とする。
A method for purifying a crude glyceride oil composition according to the present invention, in which the oil composition micella is brought into contact with an ultrafiltration membrane under pressure to obtain a purified degummed oil as a membrane permeate. The content of the composition is 1 to 30% by weight,
First, when micellar is brought into contact with a membrane and subjected to ultrafiltration treatment, the content of the crude glyceride oil composition is 2/3 of that of micellar.
The method is characterized in that the reduced amount of membrane permeate is recovered by washing the membrane surface of the ultrafiltration membrane with the following diluted micella.

本発明の方法を適用し得る粗製グリセリド油は特に開眼
されな□いが、通常、食用油として用いられる大豆油、
ナタネ油、綿実油、サフラヮ油、トウモロコシ浦、米ン
力油等が適する。また、粗製グリセ□リド油組成物をミ
セラとして限外濾過処理する場合は、□ミセラを形成す
るための有機溶剤は、用いる限外濾過膜を膨潤、熔解さ
せないことを要すると共に、グリゼリド油よりも小さい
分子量、通常、50〜200、好ましくは60〜1゛5
oを有するものがよく、これらを考慮して、具体的には
ペンタン、ヘキサン、2.3−ジメチレレブタン、2−
メチルペンタン、3−メチルペンタン、ヘプタン、2.
4−ジメチルベン゛タン、オク、タン等の脂肪族炭化水
素、シクロプロパン、シクロペンクン、シクロヘキサン
、メチルシクロペンクン、シクロへブタン等の脂環族炭
化水素、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化
水素、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン等の脂肪族ケトン
、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル等の低級脂肪酸エステル等の
1種又は2種以上の混合物が用いられるが、好ましくは
ヘキサンのような脂肪族炭化水素が用いられる。
Crude glyceride oil to which the method of the present invention can be applied is not particularly noteworthy, but soybean oil, which is usually used as edible oil,
Rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, saffron oil, maize oil, rice oil, etc. are suitable. In addition, when a crude glyceride oil composition is subjected to ultrafiltration treatment as micellar, the organic solvent used to form the micella must not swell or melt the ultrafiltration membrane used, and is Small molecular weight, usually 50-200, preferably 60-1゛5
In consideration of these, specifically pentane, hexane, 2,3-dimethylelebutane, 2-
Methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, heptane, 2.
Aliphatic hydrocarbons such as 4-dimethylbentane, octane, and tane, alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopropane, cyclopenkune, cyclohexane, methylcyclopenkune, and cyclohebutane, and aromatic carbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene. Hydrogen, acetone, aliphatic ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone, lower fatty acid esters such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and the like can be used alone or in a mixture of two or more, and preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon such as hexane is used.

上記のようにして調製されたミセラは、通常、グリセリ
ド油を20〜90重量%、好ましくは20〜50重量%
含有するのがよい。しかし、粗製グリセリド油組成物は
膜処理のために、必ずしもミセラとされる必要はなく、
そのままで膜処理されてもよい。
The miscella prepared as described above usually contains 20 to 90% by weight of glyceride oil, preferably 20 to 50% by weight.
It is good to include it. However, the crude glyceride oil composition does not necessarily need to be made into micellar form for membrane treatment.
It may be subjected to membrane treatment as it is.

本発明において、限外濾過膜としてはポリスルホン系、
ポリアクリロニド1リル系、芳香族ポリアミド系、ポリ
イミド系等括;雫の材料からなる膜を用5゛ることがで
きるが・3i:、 t、 <は特開昭55−15250
7号公報に記  れているように、ブタンテトラカルボ
ン酸とジアミンとを反応させて得られるイミド化率70
%以上のポリイミドよりなる限外濾過膜が用いられる。
In the present invention, the ultrafiltration membrane is polysulfone-based,
Polyacrylonide monolyl series, aromatic polyamide series, polyimide series, etc. can be used. Films made of the following materials can be used.
As stated in Publication No. 7, the imidization rate obtained by reacting butanetetracarboxylic acid and diamine is 70.
% or more of polyimide is used.

このポリイミドは実質的に一般式 (但し、Rは2価の有機基を示す。) で表わされる繰返し単位を有する。This polyimide is essentially of the general formula (However, R represents a divalent organic group.) It has a repeating unit represented by .

特に本発明においては、上記一般式においてRが一般式 (但し、Xは2価の結合基を示す。) で表わされるポリイミド重合体からなる半透膜が好まし
く用いられる。j、ここに、Xの具体例としては−CH
2−、−C(CH3,リ−1−o−、−so、−等を挙
げることができるが、竺、に高い温度に加熱された粗゛
製グリセリド油組成物担接触しても、長期にわたってそ
の分子量分画性が変化しない−CH,−や−O−が好ま
しい。
Particularly in the present invention, a semipermeable membrane made of a polyimide polymer represented by the general formula (wherein, X represents a divalent bonding group) in the above general formula is preferably used. j, here, as a specific example of X, -CH
2-, -C(CH3, -1-o-, -so, -, etc.), but even if they are brought into contact with a crude glyceride oil composition heated to a high temperature, they will not last for a long time. Preferred are -CH,- and -O- whose molecular weight fractionation does not change over time.

本発明においては、 イミド環の数 イミド環の数+アミド酸結合の数 で定義されるイミド化率が70%以上である実質的に前
記繰返を単位からなるポリイミド重合体限外濾過膜を用
いることができるが、好適にはイミド化率は90%以上
で杉り、特に好適には98〜100%である。また、ポ
リイミド重合体は、その極限粘度(N−メチル−2−ピ
ロリドン溶液として30℃での測定値)が0.55〜1
.00、好ましくは0.60〜0.85であり、平均分
子量は20000〜120−000、好ましくは300
00〜80000である。
In the present invention, a polyimide polymer ultrafiltration membrane consisting essentially of the above repeating units and having an imidization rate defined by the number of imide rings + the number of amic acid bonds of 70% or more is used. However, the imidization rate is preferably 90% or more, particularly preferably 98 to 100%. In addition, the intrinsic viscosity of the polyimide polymer (measured value at 30°C as an N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone solution) is 0.55 to 1.
.. 00, preferably 0.60 to 0.85, and the average molecular weight is 20000 to 120-000, preferably 300
00-80000.

本発明においては、用いる限外濾過膜は1000(1〜
100000、好ましくは1oooo〜50000の分
子量分画性を有するが、その形態は特に制限されず、シ
ート状、スパイラル状、管状、中空繊維状勢、任意であ
ってよい。分子量分画性が小さすぎると、透過液量が小
さくなる傾向があり、一方、大きすぎるとガム質の分離
能に劣る傾向があるからである。
In the present invention, the ultrafiltration membrane used is 1000 (1 to
It has a molecular weight fractionation of 100,000, preferably 100,000 to 50,000, but its form is not particularly limited and may be sheet-like, spiral-like, tubular-like, hollow-fiber-like, or arbitrary. This is because if the molecular weight fractionation is too small, the amount of permeate tends to be small, while if it is too large, the ability to separate gummy substances tends to be poor.

ここに、分子量分画性は、分子量が既知の溶質に対する
半透膜の排除率を測定することによって知ることができ
る。、実際には、例えば平均分子量が既知であり1.分
子量分布が単分散性のポリエチレングリコールを溶質(
濃度5 o o o ppH>とするトルエン溶液を用
いて膜の排除率全測定するのがよい。従って、ここにお
いても、25ηのa度で3 kg / aJの圧力下に
、平均分子量が種々異なるポリエチレングリコールのト
ルエン溶液を用いて排除率を測定し、排除率が少なくと
も95%であるポリエチレングリコールの最小の分子量
をその膜の分子量分画性とする。
Here, molecular weight fractionation can be determined by measuring the exclusion rate of a semipermeable membrane for a solute of known molecular weight. In reality, for example, the average molecular weight is known and 1. Polyethylene glycol with a monodisperse molecular weight distribution is used as a solute (
It is preferable to measure the total rejection rate of the membrane using a toluene solution having a concentration of 5 o o o ppH>. Therefore, here too, the rejection rate was measured using toluene solutions of polyethylene glycols with different average molecular weights under a pressure of 3 kg/aJ at a degree of 25η, and the rejection rate of polyethylene glycols with a rejection rate of at least 95% was determined. The minimum molecular weight is taken as the molecular weight fractionation property of the membrane.

、リン脂質の代表的成分であるレシチンはトリグリセリ
ドとほぼ同じ程度の分子量を有するが、本発明による膜
処理条件下におりては、数十分子乃至数百分子が相互に
会合してミセルを形成しており、従って、上記範囲の分
子量分画性を有するポリイミド半透膜に接触させること
により、リン脂0 質を]:成分とするガム質が除去される。特に前記した
ボリイミ1重r1体半透膜を用いることにより、リン脂
質はほぼは完全に膜により除去され、かくして、リン脂
質1M度が100 ppm以下の脱ガム油を1すること
かできる。
Lecithin, a typical component of phospholipids, has a molecular weight almost the same as triglyceride, but under the membrane treatment conditions of the present invention, tens of molecules to hundreds of molecules associate with each other to form micelles. Therefore, by bringing it into contact with a polyimide semipermeable membrane having a molecular weight fractionation in the above range, the gummy substance containing phospholipids as a component is removed. In particular, by using the above-mentioned Boliimi 1-fold R1 semipermeable membrane, phospholipids are almost completely removed by the membrane, and thus degummed oil with a phospholipid 1M degree of 100 ppm or less can be removed.

このような限外濾過膜を用いる和製グリセリド曲組成物
の膜処理運転は、例えば、管状膜や中空繊維膜内にミセ
ラをポンプにて0.5〜50kg/ca!、々fましく
は1〜15 kg / c++tの圧力で循環供給して
行なう。詳しくは、ミセラの供給圧は、膜形態、ミセラ
濃度等に応して適宜に選ばれるが、例えば、内(¥が2
〜20龍程度の管状膜を用いる場合には好適には3〜1
5 kg / cal、内径が0.1〜2−1A程度の
キャピラリー欣を用いる場合には好適には1〜5 kg
 / ct程度である。
Membrane processing operation of a Japanese glyceride composition using such an ultrafiltration membrane is, for example, by pumping micella into a tubular membrane or hollow fiber membrane at a rate of 0.5 to 50 kg/ca! , preferably by circulating supply at a pressure of 1 to 15 kg/c++t. In detail, the supply pressure of micella is appropriately selected depending on the membrane form, micella concentration, etc.
When using a tubular membrane of ~20 yen, preferably 3 to 1
5 kg/cal, preferably 1 to 5 kg when using a capillary with an inner diameter of about 0.1 to 2-1A.
/ct.

本発明におい°ζは、和製グリセリド油組成物又はその
ミセラは、一般的には0℃以以上15セ用いる有機溶剤
の茎9′1著しくない範囲で半透膜に加圧”トに接触さ
れるが、特に々fましくは0〜81 0℃の範囲である。一般に処理温度が高い程、大きい透
過液量をi!7ることがてきる。尚、前記したポリイミ
ド半透膜を用いる場合、高い温度で膜処理を行なっても
、ポリイミド半透膜はその分子量分画性を実質的に一定
に保つので、膜透過液はリン脂質を実質的に含有しない
。0℃より低い温度では透過液量が実用上からは小さく
、一方、処理温度が高すぎると、リン脂質を主成分′と
するミセルが熱分解し、膜によって有9)に除去されな
くなるおそれがあるので好ましくない。
In the present invention, the Japanese glyceride oil composition or its miscella is generally brought into contact with a semipermeable membrane under pressure at a temperature above 0°C or above for 15 seconds without significantly increasing the amount of organic solvent used. However, it is particularly preferably in the range of 0 to 810°C. Generally, the higher the treatment temperature, the larger the amount of permeate can be obtained. In this case, even if the membrane treatment is performed at high temperatures, the polyimide semipermeable membrane maintains its molecular weight fractionation substantially constant, so the membrane permeate does not substantially contain phospholipids. If the amount of permeated liquid is small from a practical point of view, but if the treatment temperature is too high, micelles containing phospholipids as a main component may be thermally decomposed and may not be removed by the membrane, which is undesirable.

更に、本発明においては、上記のような条件下で、精製
グリセリド油が膜透過液として粗製グリセリド油組成物
窃少なくとも50%、好ましくは66〜98%が回収さ
れるまで、粗製グリセリド油組成物又はそ′のミセラを
半透膜に連続して循環させつつ、加圧接触さセるのが好
ましい。必要な≦ば、ミセラに)奮いては有機溶剤を加
え、透過した分を補う。粗ゝi.,グリセリド油組成物
又はそのミセラの膜面に対する流速は、膜面に平行の線
速を0、1〜8m/秒、好ましくは0.5 〜3m/秒
とす2 るのがよい。本発明の方法においては、例えば、管状に
形成された゛12透膜に粗製グリセリド油又はそのミセ
ラをポンプ等により連続して循環させるであるが、膜面
に平行な線速か小さすぎるときは、膜面でのリン脂質等
の不透過成分の濃度分極が大きくなって、グリセリド油
の透過を妨げ、また、大きすぎるときは徒にポンプのエ
ネルギー効率を(1(くするので好ましくない。
Furthermore, in the present invention, under the conditions as described above, the crude glyceride oil composition is removed as a membrane permeate until at least 50%, preferably 66-98% of the crude glyceride oil composition is recovered. Alternatively, it is preferable that the miscella is continuously circulated through the semipermeable membrane and brought into contact with pressure. If necessary, add organic solvent (to Micella) to compensate for the amount that has passed through. Coarse i. The flow velocity of the glyceride oil composition or its micellar membrane surface is preferably such that the linear velocity parallel to the membrane surface is 0.1 to 8 m/sec, preferably 0.5 to 3 m/sec. In the method of the present invention, for example, crude glyceride oil or its miscella is continuously circulated through a tubular-shaped permeable membrane using a pump or the like, but if the linear velocity parallel to the membrane surface is too low, The concentration polarization of impermeable components such as phospholipids on the membrane surface becomes large, impeding the permeation of glyceride oil, and if it is too large, it undesirably reduces the energy efficiency of the pump by (1).

゛本発明の方法は、レシチン等のリン脂質を多量に含む
植物性粗製グリセリド油組成物の精製に好適であるが、
動物性llt製グリセリ1′油組成物の精製にも適用す
ることができる。また、レシチン等は有用な有価成分で
あるから、必要に応じて膜下透過液から適宜に回収する
こともできる。通常は膜下透過液を再びヘキサン等の有
機溶剤で希釈し、膜処理した後、膜下透過液から有機溶
剤を除去することにより高純度のリン脂質を得ることが
できる。。
゛The method of the present invention is suitable for purifying crude vegetable glyceride oil compositions containing a large amount of phospholipids such as lecithin;
It can also be applied to the purification of animal-derived glycerin 1' oil compositions. In addition, since lecithin and the like are useful valuable components, they can be appropriately recovered from the submembrane permeate if necessary. Usually, highly pure phospholipids can be obtained by diluting the submembrane permeate again with an organic solvent such as hexane, performing membrane treatment, and then removing the organic solvent from the submembrane permeate. .

本発明においては、干犯めような膜処理運転におい°ζ
、透過$1.♀の低下した限外濾過膜を希薄ミ3 セラによって洗浄し、透過液量を当初のレベルまで回復
させるのである。実際の運転においては、限外濾過膜の
J3過液量の低下に応じて、定期的又は非定期的に膜に
供給する粗製グリセリド油組成物又はそのミセラを膜洗
浄用の希薄ミセラに代えることにより、膜を洗浄するの
が有利である。洗浄用の希薄ミセラを調製するための有
機溶剤は、粗製グリセリド油組成物を4釈してミセラど
するのに用いたものと同し有機溶剤であるのが好ましく
、本発明においては、洗浄用の希薄ミセラは粗製グリセ
リド油組成物を1〜30重量%、好ましくは5〜20市
匿%含へする。希薄ミセラ中の粗製グリセリド油組成物
が30重置%を越えるときは、洗浄効果に乏しい。
In the present invention, in dry membrane treatment operation, °ζ
, transparent $1. The ultrafiltration membrane whose ♀ has decreased is washed with dilute Mic3Cera to restore the amount of permeate to its original level. In actual operation, depending on the decrease in the amount of J3 filtrate in the ultrafiltration membrane, the crude glyceride oil composition or its micella supplied to the membrane periodically or non-regularly may be replaced with diluted micellar for membrane cleaning. It is advantageous to clean the membrane by The organic solvent for preparing the diluted micella for cleaning is preferably the same organic solvent used to prepare the micella by diluting the crude glyceride oil composition. The dilute micellar contains 1 to 30% by weight of the crude glyceride oil composition, preferably 5 to 20% by weight. When the crude glyceride oil composition in the dilute micellar exceeds 30% by weight, the cleaning effect is poor.

前記したように、粗製グリセリド油組成物又はそのミセ
ラの限外濾過処理において膜の透過液量が低下するのは
、一つには膜面に近接してガム質、特にリン脂質等の動
的な濃度分極層が形成されることに基づく。何ら理論に
限定させるものではないが、本発明に従って洗浄用の前
記希薄ミセラが4 ごのような膜面に供給されるとき、濃度分極層が霜薄ミ
セラのリン脂質濃度に応して濃度変化を生し、その濃度
においてリン脂質の界面活性能が発1・lされることに
より、膜面に付着していたガム質等も除去され、その結
果として、膜面が当初の状態に回復するのであろう。こ
のことは、洗浄による透過液量の回復が繰返して達成さ
れることからも理解されよう。
As mentioned above, one of the reasons why the amount of liquid permeated through the membrane decreases during ultrafiltration treatment of crude glyceride oil compositions or their micella is due to the dynamic presence of gums, especially phospholipids, etc. in the vicinity of the membrane surface. This is based on the fact that a concentration polarized layer is formed. Without being limited to any theory, it is believed that when the diluted micella for cleaning according to the present invention is supplied to a membrane surface such as a membrane, the concentration polarization layer changes in accordance with the phospholipid concentration of the frosted diluted micella. At that concentration, the surfactant ability of the phospholipid is released, which removes the gums etc. that were attached to the membrane surface, and as a result, the membrane surface recovers to its original state. That's probably why. This can be understood from the fact that the amount of permeate is repeatedly recovered by washing.

従って、本発明、においては、膜面洗浄用の希薄ミセラ
中の粗製グリセリド油組成物の濃度は1〜30重量%、
好ましくは5〜20重量%であって、11つ、ミセラを
限外濾過処理した場合には、そのミセラ中の粗製グリセ
リド油組成物濃度の2/3以下、好ましくは1/2以下
、特に好ましくは1/3以下°Cあるのがよい。例えば
、粗製グリセリl°油組成物濃度が25重量%のミセラ
を限外濾過処理するとき、膜洗浄用の希薄ミセラの粗製
グリセリド油組成物濃度は1〜17重量%の範囲にある
のが望ましい。    □ 膜洗浄用の希薄ミセラを−゛製するための有機溶5 剤は特に工業用へキサンが好ましい。特に、本発明にお
いては、通常、原料の抽出工程で段階的に17られる粗
製グリセリド油組成物濃度の小さい抽出ミセラをそのま
ま15I]洗浄用の希薄ミセラとして用いるのが有利で
ある。
Therefore, in the present invention, the concentration of the crude glyceride oil composition in the dilute micella for membrane surface cleaning is 1 to 30% by weight,
Preferably 5 to 20% by weight, and when the micella is subjected to ultrafiltration treatment, it is 2/3 or less, preferably 1/2 or less, particularly preferably 1/2 or less of the concentration of the crude glyceride oil composition in the micella. The temperature should be 1/3 or less °C. For example, when micella with a crude glyceride oil composition concentration of 25% by weight is subjected to ultrafiltration treatment, the crude glyceride oil composition concentration of the dilute micella for membrane cleaning is preferably in the range of 1 to 17% by weight. . □ Industrial hexane is particularly preferred as the organic solvent for producing dilute micella for membrane cleaning. In particular, in the present invention, it is advantageous to use the extracted micella with a low concentration of crude glyceride oil composition, which is usually 17 staged in the raw material extraction process, as it is as the dilute micellar for cleaning.

このような希薄ミセラによる限外濾過膜の洗浄において
は、通常、希薄ミセラを膜面に対して0゜1〜10m/
秒の線速を有するように供給する。
When cleaning ultrafiltration membranes with such dilute micella, the dilute micella is usually applied at a distance of 0°1 to 10 m/cm relative to the membrane surface.
It is supplied so that it has a linear velocity of seconds.

希薄ミセラの線速か人きい程、膜面の洗浄効果が高いの
で、実用的には1〜5m/秒の線速を採用するのが望ま
しい。また、脱ガム処理時の粗製グリセリド浦組成物又
はそのミセラの膜面に対する線速に比べて、膜洗浄のた
めの希薄ミセラの線速が大きい方がよい。洗浄時間は通
常、1〜60分であり、好ましくは1〜240時間ごと
に定期的に膜を洗浄するごとにより、長時間にわたって
高い透過液量でミセラを膜処理することができる。
The higher the linear velocity of dilute micellar, the higher the cleaning effect on the membrane surface, so it is practically desirable to adopt a linear velocity of 1 to 5 m/sec. Furthermore, it is better that the linear velocity of the diluted micellar for membrane cleaning is higher than the linear velocity of the crude glyceride composition or its micellar relative to the membrane surface during degumming treatment. The washing time is usually 1 to 60 minutes, and by periodically washing the membrane, preferably every 1 to 240 hours, the membrane can be treated with a high amount of permeate over a long period of time.

また・膜洗浄時0温寒(よ・一般的ゝは0〜150℃の
範囲にわたって↓、1−)が、好ましくは0〜80℃で
ある。     □ 6 本発明の力演は、以上のように、粗製グリセリド油組成
物又はそのミセラの限外濾過処理におい”ζ、膜処理す
るミセラに代えて希薄ミセラを洗浄液として股に供給す
るという簡単な操作により、低[シた透過iI&量を確
実に当初のレベルまで回復させることができ、しかも、
上記の操作は配管構成により容易にてきるので、膜洗浄
のための二次的な操作を何ら要ゼず、運転を長期にわた
って中1折4°る必要もない。従って、例えば複数の限
外濾過装置について膜の洗浄をシーケンス制御すれば、
當に全体として透過液量を高く保持しつつ、経済的、’
JJ率的にtit製グリセリド油組成物の精製を行なう
ことができる。
Also, during membrane cleaning, the temperature at 0°C (typically ↓, 1-) ranges from 0 to 150°C, preferably from 0 to 80°C. □ 6 As described above, the power of the present invention is that in the ultrafiltration treatment of a crude glyceride oil composition or its micella, a simple method of supplying dilute micella as a cleaning liquid to the crotch instead of membrane-treated micella. Through the operation, it is possible to reliably restore the low [shita] transmission II & amount to the initial level, and, moreover,
The above operations can be easily performed depending on the piping configuration, so there is no need for any secondary operations for membrane cleaning, and there is no need to turn the operation over a long period of time. Therefore, for example, if membrane cleaning is sequence-controlled for multiple ultrafiltration devices,
While maintaining a high overall permeate volume, it is economical and '
The glyceride oil composition manufactured by TIT can be purified efficiently by JJ.

以1−においては、植物油の粗製グリセリド油の精製方
法を主に説明したが、本発明は他の粗製グリセリド′油
、例えば、豚脂、牛脂、魚脂の如き動物油にも通用でき
る。
In 1-1 below, the method for purifying crude glyceride oil of vegetable oil has been mainly explained, but the present invention can also be applied to other crude glyceride oils, such as animal oils such as lard, beef tallow, and fish fat.

以下に本発明の方法を実施するのに好適な限外濾過膜の
製造例及び本発明の施例を′挙げて本発明の詳細な説明
する。
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to production examples of ultrafiltration membranes suitable for carrying out the method of the present invention and examples of the present invention.

7 限外濾過膜の製造例 特開昭55−152507号に開示されている式 を繰返し単位とし、イミド化率が99.%以上、極限粘
度[V)が0.73のポリイミド28重量%を含むN−
メチル−2−ピロリドン溶液に、ポリイミド100重量
部当りジエチレングリコール100重量部を膨潤剤とし
て添加し、均一なドープを調製した。このドープをガラ
ス管の内面に流延塗布し、直ちに5℃の水中に投入、5
時間浸漬して、内径12 mm、 I!J厚200μ、
分子量分画性20000の管状限外濾過膜を得た。この
限外濾過膜を内B 12.5 mmの穿孔ステンレス管
に装着した後、エタノール中に浸漬して膜から水を抜い
た。この膜モジュールを粗製グリセリド、油組成物ミセ
ラの通液ラインに接続し、限外濾過を行なった。
7 Example of manufacturing ultrafiltration membrane The formula disclosed in JP-A-55-152507 is used as a repeating unit, and the imidization rate is 99. % or more, N- containing 28% by weight of polyimide with an intrinsic viscosity [V) of 0.73
A uniform dope was prepared by adding 100 parts by weight of diethylene glycol as a swelling agent per 100 parts by weight of polyimide to the methyl-2-pyrrolidone solution. This dope was cast on the inner surface of a glass tube and immediately put into water at 5℃.
Soaked for an hour, inner diameter 12 mm, I! J thickness 200μ,
A tubular ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight fractionation of 20,000 was obtained. After this ultrafiltration membrane was attached to a perforated stainless steel tube with an internal diameter of 12.5 mm, water was removed from the membrane by immersing it in ethanol. This membrane module was connected to a liquid passage line for crude glyceride and oil composition Micella, and ultrafiltration was performed.

実施例1 8 リン脂質2.16市量%(対大豆油)を含有する粗製人
(i油組成物濃度25.1 ffi量%の工業用ノルマ
ルヘキサンミセラを上で得たポリイミド限外濾過膜上シ
1−ルに、温度40℃、圧力3 kg / cIl!、
流量117!/分の条件下に連続的に供給して膜処理運
転したときの膜透過液量の経時変化を第1図に示す。
Example 1 8 A polyimide ultrafiltration membrane containing industrial normal hexane micella with an oil composition concentration of 25.1% ffi containing phospholipid 2.16% by market weight (based on soybean oil) was obtained above. On the upper seal, the temperature is 40℃, the pressure is 3 kg/cl!,
Flow rate 117! Fig. 1 shows the change over time in the amount of liquid permeated through the membrane when the membrane treatment was operated under conditions of continuous supply of 1/min.

上記と同じ膜処理において、膜透過液量がほぼ35#/
m・時にまで低下したときに、粗製大豆油組成物15f
fijt%を含有する希薄工業用ノルマルヘキサンミセ
ラを」1記と同じ条件で膜モジュールに供給して膜洗浄
を行なった。この結果、第1図に示すように、透過液量
はほぼ当初のレベルにまで回復した。同様にして、図示
したように、低ドした膜透過液量を繰返して当初のレベ
ルまで回復さゼることができた。□ 実施例2      !゛ 1゜ 実施例1において、膜洗浄用の希薄ミセラとし・l て、粗製大豆油組成物5重量%を含有する希薄」−業用
ノルマルヘキジンミセラを用いた以外は実施9 例1とまったく同様にして膜洗浄を行なった。この結果
を第2図に示すように、低下した透過液量を繰返しほぼ
当初のレベルにまで回復させることができた。
In the same membrane treatment as above, the amount of membrane permeate was approximately 35#/
When the crude soybean oil composition 15f decreased to m.h.
Membrane cleaning was performed by supplying dilute industrial normal hexane micella containing 50% fijt% to the membrane module under the same conditions as in 1. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the amount of permeate recovered to almost its initial level. Similarly, as shown in the figure, the amount of membrane permeate could be repeatedly reduced to recover to its original level. □ Example 2!゛1゜In Example 1, a dilute micella containing 5% by weight of a crude soybean oil composition was used as the dilute micellar for membrane cleaning. Membrane cleaning was performed in the same manner. As shown in FIG. 2, the decreased amount of permeate was repeatedly recovered to almost its original level.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図及び第2図は、tit製大豆油組成物ミセラを連
続限外濾過処理したときの膜透過液量の経時変化と、本
発明の方法により膜を洗浄したときの膜透過液量の回復
効果を示すグラフである。 特許出願人  リノール油脂株式会社 ゛・□・; 11・:、。 ″札 0 第1頁の続き @発 明 者 数瀬能孝 茨木市下穂積1丁目1番2号日 東電気工業株式会社内 (沙発 明 者 田坂謙太部 茨木市下穂積1丁目1番2号日 東電気工業株式会社内 @発 明 者 磯岡豊 茨木市下穂積1丁目1番2号日 東電気工業株式会社内 0出 願 人 日東電気工業株式会社 茨木市下穂積1丁目1番2号
Figures 1 and 2 show the changes over time in the amount of liquid permeated through the membrane when the soybean oil composition micella manufactured by TIT was subjected to continuous ultrafiltration treatment, and the amount of liquid permeated through the membrane when the membrane was washed by the method of the present invention. It is a graph showing a recovery effect. Patent applicant Linole Oil Co., Ltd. ゛・□・; 11・:,. "tag 0 Continuation of page 1 @ Inventor Yoshitaka Kasase 1-1-2 Shimohozumi, Ibaraki City Nitto Electric Industry Co., Ltd. (Sha Inventor Kentabu Tasaka 1-1-2 Shimohozumi, Ibaraki City Nitto Inside Denki Kogyo Co., Ltd. Inventor: Toyo Isooka 1-1-2, Shimohozumi, Ibaraki-shi Nitto Electric Kogyo Co., Ltd. Applicant: Nitto Electric Kogyo Co., Ltd. 1-1-2 Shimohozumi, Ibaraki City

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 (I+  ガム質を含む粗製グリセリド油組成物又はそ
の含有量が20重量%以上である粗製グリセリl油組成
物風セラを限外濾過膜に加圧下に接触させ、膜透過液と
して精製された脱ガム油を得る方法において、粗製グリ
セリド油組成物の含有量が1〜30重量%であり、且つ
、ミセラを膜に接触さゼて限外濾過処理した場合は粗製
グリセリド油組成物の含有量がそのミセラの2/3以下
である希薄ミセラで上記駅外濾過膜の膜面を洗浄するこ
とにより、低下した膜透過液量を回復させることを特徴
とする粗製グリセリド油組成物の精製方法。 (2)  限外濾過処理する粗製グリセリド油組成物ミ
セラ中の粗製グリセリド油組成物の含有量が20〜90
重量%であり、希薄ミセラの粗製グリセリド油組成物の
含有量が5〜20重量%であることを特徴とする特許請
求の範囲第1項記載の粗製グリセリド油組成物の精製方
法。 (3)限外濾過膜が実質的に一般式 (但し、Rは2価の有機基を示す、) で表わされる繰返し単位を有するポリイミドからなるこ
とを特徴とする特許請求の範囲″’II項記載の粗製グ
リセリド油組成物の精製方法。  、(4)Rが一般式 (但し1.Xは2価の結合基を示す、)で表わされるこ
とを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第3項記載の粗製グリセ
リド油組成物の精製方法。 (5)Xが−CH,−又は−〇−で干わされることを特
徴とする特許請求の範囲第4項記載の粗製グリセリド油
組成物の精製方法。
[Scope of Claims] (I+ A crude glyceride oil composition containing gum or a crude glyceride oil composition style cera containing 20% by weight or more is brought into contact with an ultrafiltration membrane under pressure, and the membrane permeates through the membrane. In the method for obtaining purified degummed oil as a liquid, if the content of the crude glyceride oil composition is 1 to 30% by weight and the ultrafiltration treatment is performed by contacting micella with a membrane, the crude glyceride oil is obtained. A crude glyceride oil composition characterized in that the membrane surface of the above-mentioned outside station filtration membrane is washed with a dilute micellar composition whose content is 2/3 or less of that of the micellar composition, thereby recovering the reduced amount of membrane permeation liquid. (2) The content of the crude glyceride oil composition in the crude glyceride oil composition micella to be subjected to ultrafiltration is 20 to 90%.
% by weight, and the content of the dilute micellar crude glyceride oil composition is 5 to 20% by weight, the method for refining a crude glyceride oil composition according to claim 1. (3) Claim ``Claim II'' characterized in that the ultrafiltration membrane is substantially made of polyimide having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (wherein R represents a divalent organic group) A method for purifying a crude glyceride oil composition as described in claim 3, wherein (4) R is represented by the general formula (1.X represents a divalent bonding group). (5) A method for refining a crude glyceride oil composition according to claim 4, characterized in that X is dried with -CH, - or -〇-. .
JP7774982A 1982-05-10 1982-05-10 Purification of crude glyceride oil composition Pending JPS58194995A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7774982A JPS58194995A (en) 1982-05-10 1982-05-10 Purification of crude glyceride oil composition

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7774982A JPS58194995A (en) 1982-05-10 1982-05-10 Purification of crude glyceride oil composition

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS58194995A true JPS58194995A (en) 1983-11-14

Family

ID=13642561

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP7774982A Pending JPS58194995A (en) 1982-05-10 1982-05-10 Purification of crude glyceride oil composition

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS58194995A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63170493A (en) * 1986-04-23 1988-07-14 クロ−ダジヤパン株式会社 Production of refined lanolin
WO2021153486A1 (en) 2020-01-28 2021-08-05 東レ株式会社 Method for filtering oil

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5763398A (en) * 1980-10-03 1982-04-16 Nisshin Oil Mills Ltd Treatment of oil and fat

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5763398A (en) * 1980-10-03 1982-04-16 Nisshin Oil Mills Ltd Treatment of oil and fat

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63170493A (en) * 1986-04-23 1988-07-14 クロ−ダジヤパン株式会社 Production of refined lanolin
WO2021153486A1 (en) 2020-01-28 2021-08-05 東レ株式会社 Method for filtering oil
US11806673B2 (en) 2020-01-28 2023-11-07 Toray Industries, Inc. Method for filtering oil

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