JPS5897635A - Eddy current type electric dynamometer incorporating over-drive gear - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a small-sized, lightweight constitution and to facilitate actuation, control and measurement, by incorporating an over-drive gear, and absorbing decreased torque after an increase in speed during high-speed rotation. CONSTITUTION:A dynamometer input shaft 4 for transmitting the torque of a prime mover is supported in the gear case 6 of a dynamometer and a disk 7 is fitted to the other end in one body. Then, a planet gear 10 engaging a fixed internal gear 11 and a sun gear 13 is fitted to bosses 8 provided on the same radius of said disk. A rotor 15 made of dead soft steel is fitted to a high-speed rotating shaft 12, and rotates while maintaining a slight gap with a stator 17 of dead soft steel. Magnetic flux produced by flowing a DC current to an energizing coil 19 in the stator 17 is cut off by an axial tooth groove 20 provided on the surface of the rotor 15 to generate an eddy current in the internal surface of the stator, generating heat. This heat is absorbed by cooling water which flows in a cooling water passage 18 to raise the temperature of the cooling water.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は比較的低速大トルクの原動機の出力特性を極め
て小型な渦電流型電気動力計を以って計測可能ならしめ
ることを目的とする渦電流型電気−動力計の構造に関す
る。第１図において１は出力を計測すべき原動機出力軸
、２はこれに直結したトルク・メーター軸、３はトルク
検出装置とする。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is an eddy current type electric dynamometer which aims to enable the output characteristics of a relatively low speed, large torque prime mover to be measured using an extremely small eddy current type electric dynamometer. Regarding the structure of In FIG. 1, 1 is a prime mover output shaft whose output is to be measured, 2 is a torque meter shaft directly connected thereto, and 3 is a torque detection device.

４は原動機のトルクを伝える動力計入力軸で球軸承５．
５によって動力計のギヤ・ケース６の内部に支えられる
。入力軸４の他端には円板７が一体にとりつけられ、そ
の円板の仝−半径上にとりつけられた数個のボス８には
軸承９を介して、それぞれ遊星歯車１０がと９つけられ
、この遊星歯車１０はギヤ・ケース６の内側に取付けら
れた固定内歯車１１及び高速回転軸１２の一端に取付け
られた太陽歯車１３と噛合い、−組の増速機を形成する
。これらの遊星歯車型増速機の諸歯車はギヤ・ケース６
の内部に貯えられた潤滑油１４によって諸軸承と共に自
動的に潤滑される。高速回転軸１２には極軟鋼梨園転子
１５が取付けられ、主軸承１６．１６で支えられて、極
軟鋼製固定子１７との間に僅の間隙を保って回転する。4 is the dynamometer input shaft that transmits the torque of the prime mover and has a ball bearing 5.
5 inside the gear case 6 of the dynamometer. A disk 7 is integrally attached to the other end of the input shaft 4, and a planetary gear 10 is attached to several bosses 8 attached to the radius of the disk via bearings 9, respectively. This planetary gear 10 meshes with a fixed internal gear 11 mounted inside the gear case 6 and a sun gear 13 mounted on one end of a high-speed rotating shaft 12, forming a -set speed increaser. The gears of these planetary gear type speed increasers are gear case 6.
The bearings are automatically lubricated by the lubricating oil 14 stored inside the bearing. A very mild steel Rion trochanter 15 is attached to the high speed rotating shaft 12, supported by main shaft bearings 16 and 16, and rotates with a small gap maintained between it and a very mild steel stator 17.

固定子１７−はその内部に冷却水水路１８を具え、発生
した熱量を水の温度上昇として吸収する。固定子の内部
には軸を囲んでリング状に保持された励磁コイル１９が
設けられ、このコイルに微少なフィールド直流電流を流
すことによって固定子と回転子をめぐり且つコイルを包
む矢印で示すようなリング状の磁束をつくる。The stator 17- has a cooling water channel 18 therein, and absorbs the generated heat as an increase in water temperature. Inside the stator, there is an excitation coil 19 held in a ring shape surrounding the shaft, and by passing a minute field DC current through this coil, the excitation coil 19 circulates around the stator and rotor and wraps around the coil, as shown by the arrow. Creates a ring-shaped magnetic flux.

この磁束を回転子１５の表面に設けた軸方向の歯（４２
０，２０で切ることにより、主として固定子の内面に渦
電流を生じ熱を発生する。この熱は固定子内に設けられ
た冷却水水路１８内を流れる冷却水に吸収され、その温
度を上昇させる。冷却水は給水管２１より流入、固定子
や励磁コイルを冷却した後、排水管２２より排出される
。この場合においては、ＺＦ：固定歯車の歯数　　Ｎ：
原動機軸回転数Ｚｓ二太陽歯車の歯数　　ＮＳ＝高速回
転軸回転数一般にＲ＝３〜３０程度に増速する。This magnetic flux is transferred to the axial teeth (42
By cutting at 0.20, eddy currents are generated mainly on the inner surface of the stator and heat is generated. This heat is absorbed by the cooling water flowing in the cooling water channel 18 provided in the stator, raising its temperature. Cooling water flows in through a water supply pipe 21 and is discharged through a drain pipe 22 after cooling the stator and excitation coil. In this case, ZF: Number of teeth of fixed gear N:
Motor shaft rotation speed Zs Number of teeth of sun gear NS = High speed rotation shaft rotation speed Generally, the speed is increased to R = about 3 to 30.

第１図は一例として遊星歯車型増速機を一体型として組
込んだ場合を示したが、その他の増速機例えばファルマ
ン・ギヤ又はスパー・ギヤ等の増速機でもよい。Although FIG. 1 shows an example in which a planetary gear type speed increaser is incorporated as an integral type, other speed increasers such as a Farman gear or a spur gear may be used.

高速回転軸１２の他端には回転数検出用パルス発生ギア
乙がとりつけられ、非接触で磁気的にこのパルスを拾う
回転数検出センサー２４によって高速軸回転数ＮＳは計
測されるので原動機軸回転数Ｎは次式で求められる。A pulse generation gear B for rotation speed detection is attached to the other end of the high-speed rotation shaft 12, and the high-speed shaft rotation speed NS is measured by a rotation speed detection sensor 24 that magnetically picks up this pulse in a non-contact manner. The number N is determined by the following formula.

Ｎ　＝　Ｎ８／Ｒ（２） 一方動力計入力軸と原動機出力軸の間にトルクメーター
軸２を設は低速軸トルクＴを直接計測する。高速軸にか
＼るトルクは増速により減少しＴ’８＝　Ｔ／Ｒ（３） Ｌｅ となり、原動機出力＼は次式により求められる。N = N8/R (2) On the other hand, a torque meter shaft 2 is installed between the dynamometer input shaft and the prime mover output shaft to directly measure the low-speed shaft torque T. The torque applied to the high-speed shaft decreases due to speed increase and becomes T'8=T/R(3) Le, and the prime mover output is determined by the following formula.

従ってＮ、ＴとＬｅを表示板上にディジタル表示するこ
とも極めて容易である。Therefore, it is extremely easy to digitally display N, T and Le on the display board.

第２図は渦電流型電気動力計性能の作動範囲を示す。出
力Ｉ、ｅと回転数Ｎ又はＮｓを両軸にとって表示すれば
、曲線Ｏａは最大励磁電流曲線、ａｂは最大トルク線、
ｂｃは最大出力線、ｃｄは最大回転数線、ｏｄは空転吸
収出力線を示し、使用可能範囲はｏａｂｃｄｏの範囲で
ある。又原動機の最大出力性能は一般にｅｆの如き曲線
で示される。Figure 2 shows the operating range of the eddy current electric dynamometer performance. If output I, e and rotation speed N or Ns are displayed on both axes, curve Oa is the maximum excitation current curve, ab is the maximum torque line,
bc is the maximum output line, cd is the maximum rotational speed line, od is the idle absorption output line, and the usable range is the oabcdo range. The maximum output performance of a prime mover is generally expressed by a curve such as ef.

もし、仝図上にＲを増速比として　Ｔｓ＝Ｔ／Ｒ。If R is the speed increasing ratio in the diagram, then Ts=T/R.

催 Ｎ８＝　ｒ（Ｎに換算した増速機は渦電流型電気動力削
の作動範囲を示せばｏａ’　ｂ’　ｃ’　ｄ’となり、
横軸だけがＲ倍だけ右方に移動し、出力は今一となる。N8 = r (The speed increaser converted to N is oa'b'c'd' if the operating range of eddy current type electric power cutting is shown.
Only the horizontal axis moves to the right by R times, and the output becomes the same.

又この時の原動機の高速軸側で測定した最大出力曲線は
ｅ′ｆ′となる。渦電流型動力計の大きさは主としてａ
　ｂ　、　ａ’　ｂ’に相当する最大トルクＴｍａｘ及
びＴｓｍａｘで決定されるが、入力側に増速機を内蔵す
ることにより Ｔｓ、ｍａｘ　＝　Ｔｍａｘ／Ｒ（５）となるので最大
吸収トルクＴｓｍａｘをＴｍａｘに較べて著しく減少す
ることかで鼻るため、小型とすることができる。Also, the maximum output curve measured on the high-speed shaft side of the prime mover at this time is e'f'. The size of the eddy current dynamometer is mainly a
b, a' It is determined by the maximum torque Tmax and Tsmax corresponding to b', but by incorporating a speed increaser on the input side, Ts, max = Tmax/R (5), so the maximum absorption torque Tsmax is set to Tmax It is possible to make it smaller because the amount of noise is significantly reduced compared to that of the previous model.

回転数領域はＲ倍だけ高速側に拡大されるが出力は（４
）式で示されるように仝−である。ギヤ・ケース内の歯
車損失も熱になるが、歯車の入口側でトルクＴを計測す
れば、これも吸収出力の一部に含まれるので誤差にはな
らない。The rotation speed range is expanded to the high speed side by R times, but the output is (4
) as shown in the equation. Gear loss inside the gear case also becomes heat, but if the torque T is measured at the inlet side of the gear, this is also included as part of the absorbed output and does not become an error.

このように増速歯車を内蔵させ、増速後の小さくなった
トルクを高速回転の下で吸収することにより、必要とす
る電気動力計の大きさを著しく小型軽量化＆低コストを
実現できる。小型となるため回転部分の慣性二次モーメ
ントも小さくなるので始動が容易となり、又回転範囲が
高速側に拡大されるので制御側に計測が容易となる等実
用上天きな利点を齋らすことができる。In this way, by incorporating a speed increasing gear and absorbing the reduced torque after speed increase under high speed rotation, it is possible to significantly reduce the size, weight, and cost of the required electric dynamometer. Since it is small, the second moment of inertia of the rotating part is also small, making it easier to start, and since the rotation range is expanded to the high speed side, it is easy to measure on the control side, which has tremendous practical advantages. Can be done.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は増速歯車内蔵式渦電流型電気動力計の一実施例
の縦断面説明図、第２図は普通の低速型渦電流型電気動
力計の作動範囲と、本発明による増速歯車内蔵式渦電流
型電気動力計の性能曲線の作動範囲の比較を示すもので
ある。Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory diagram of an embodiment of an eddy current electric dynamometer with a built-in speed increasing gear, and Fig. 2 shows the operating range of a normal low speed eddy current electric dynamometer and the speed increasing gear according to the present invention. Figure 3 shows a comparison of the operating range of the performance curves of built-in eddy current electric dynamometers.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 比較的低回転数で大トルクを有する低速型原動機の出力
を、できるだけ小型の動力計によって吸収計測する目的
をもって、動力計と一体構造に潤滑油を貯えるギヤ・ケ
ースを設け、その内部に入力軸回転数を一定比だけ増速
するだめの遊星歯車あるいはファルマン・ギヤ、スパー
・ギア等の増速歯車列を具え、その出力側高速低トルク
軸に動力計の回転子軸を直結し、その外周に設けた歯に
よって固定子と励磁コイルによって形成される励磁磁束
を切断することにより、渦電流を発生させ、その吸収エ
ネルギを熱の形として冷却水に吸収すると共に、入力側
低速回転軸と原動機出力軸との−にトルク・メーターを
設けることによって原動機出力トルクを計測、仝時に高
速軸又は低速軸の回転数を計測することによって原動機
の出力特性を計測表示させることを特徴とする渦電流型
電気動力計。With the purpose of absorbing and measuring the output of a low-speed prime mover that has large torque at a relatively low rotation speed using a dynamometer as small as possible, a gear case that stores lubricating oil is integrated with the dynamometer, and an input shaft is installed inside the gear case. It is equipped with a speed increasing gear train such as a planetary gear, Farman gear, or spur gear that increases the rotation speed by a certain ratio, and the rotor shaft of the dynamometer is directly connected to the output side high speed low torque shaft, and the outer circumference By cutting the excitation magnetic flux formed by the stator and excitation coil with the teeth provided in the The eddy current type is characterized by measuring the output torque of the prime mover by installing a torque meter between it and the output shaft, and measuring and displaying the output characteristics of the prime mover by measuring the rotational speed of the high-speed shaft or low-speed shaft. Electric dynamometer.