JPS5885725A - Changeover mechanism of four-wheel driving car - Google Patents

Changeover mechanism of four-wheel driving car

Info

Publication number
JPS5885725A
JPS5885725A JP18245681A JP18245681A JPS5885725A JP S5885725 A JPS5885725 A JP S5885725A JP 18245681 A JP18245681 A JP 18245681A JP 18245681 A JP18245681 A JP 18245681A JP S5885725 A JPS5885725 A JP S5885725A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
gear
wheel drive
switching
wheel driving
negative pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP18245681A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0238407B2 (en
Inventor
Fujio Makita
牧田 藤雄
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Subaru Corp
Original Assignee
Fuji Jukogyo KK
Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Jukogyo KK, Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Fuji Jukogyo KK
Priority to JP18245681A priority Critical patent/JPH0238407B2/en
Publication of JPS5885725A publication Critical patent/JPS5885725A/en
Publication of JPH0238407B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0238407B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K23/00Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • B60K23/08Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Mounting Of Devices That Control Transmission Of Motive Force (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the mistaken use of a car at the time of two-wheel driving by making it possible to use an emergency low (EL) speed change stage only at the time of four-wheel driving in a speed change gear wherein the gear mechanism of the EL speed change stage having a further larger gear ratio than the first speed has been assembled into the speed change gear. CONSTITUTION:When a knob 38 is shifted to a two-wheel driving position, the atmospheric pressure is supplied into the control chamber 29 of a selector valve 27 by a selector valve 40, and a shifter rail 25 is moved to the left by a spring 30. Accordingly, an intake negative pressure is introduced into the chamber 37b of an actuator 35 via negative pressure passage 44, 45, and a shift rail 33 is moved to the left via a diaphragm 36. Consequently, a selector device 23 becomes a two-wheel driving state while separating a transfer gear 22 from a transfer shaft 21. When the shifter rail 25 is moved, keeping this state, to the right, and an EL speed change stage (not illustrated) is shifted via a shift fork 26, intake negative pressure is then supplied to the chamber 37a side by a selector valve 27, allowing a car to be automatically changed to a four-wheel driving state.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、前、W!輪の一方による2輪駆動とその両方
による4輪駆動を行う4輪駆動車において、2.4輪駆
動の切換と、変速機に組込まれた第1速より更にギヤ比
の大きいエマジエンシーロー(以下ELと称する)の変
速段の切換を行う切換機構に関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is based on the previous W! In 4-wheel drive vehicles that have 2-wheel drive on one wheel and 4-wheel drive on both wheels, there is a 2.4-wheel drive switch and an emergency low gear that has a higher gear ratio than the first gear built into the transmission. The present invention relates to a switching mechanism for switching gears (hereinafter referred to as EL).

かかる4輪駆動車は、2輪駆動車に比しエンジン出力を
効率よく路面に伝達することが可能になる。そこで急登
板やラフロードでの4輪駆動による走行時変速機のギヤ
比が大きい方が4輪駆動としての性能をより効果的に発
揮し得る等の点を考慮して、変速機に通常の例えば前進
4段後進1段のような変速機構の外、その第1速より更
にギヤ比の大きい変速段を得る機構を組込んだものがあ
る。そして上記第1速より更にギヤ比の大きい変速段を
得る機構として、例えば本件出願人により既に提案され
ている特願昭55−154415号の副変速機を用いる
もの、または一対の歯車機構から成るものがある。
Such a four-wheel drive vehicle can transmit engine output to the road surface more efficiently than a two-wheel drive vehicle. Therefore, considering the fact that when driving with 4-wheel drive on sudden climbs or rough roads, the gear ratio of the transmission is larger, the performance as 4-wheel drive can be more effectively demonstrated. In addition to a transmission mechanism with four forward speeds and one reverse speed, there are also systems that incorporate a mechanism for obtaining a gear ratio with a larger gear ratio than the first speed. As a mechanism for obtaining a gear stage with a gear ratio larger than the first gear, for example, a mechanism using the auxiliary transmission disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 154415/1983, which has already been proposed by the applicant of the present invention, or a mechanism consisting of a pair of gear mechanisms. There is something.

ここで副変速機または一対の歯車機構により得られる第
1速より更にギヤ比の大きいEL変速段は、4輪駆動用
に付与されたもので2輪駆動での必要性がなく、更に2
輪駆動で使用すると駆動輪のデフ、アクスル等に過大な
負荷がかかり、必要以上に大きい強度を持たせておかな
いと駆動系を損傷するおそれがある。そこで一般にはE
L変速段は4輪駆動時のみしか使用できない構造になっ
ており、これに関しては副変速機を用い、2.4輪駆動
の切換の際にそれに連動してその副変速機を4輪駆動時
にのみ切換えるようにした機構が本件出願人により既に
提案されており、それらは機械的なリンク機構によるも
のである。
Here, the EL gear stage, which has a higher gear ratio than the first gear obtained by the auxiliary transmission or a pair of gear mechanisms, is provided for four-wheel drive and is not necessary for two-wheel drive.
When used with wheel drive, an excessive load is placed on the differential, axle, etc. of the drive wheels, and if the strength is not greater than necessary, there is a risk of damage to the drive system. Therefore, in general, E
The L gear is designed so that it can only be used when driving 4-wheel drive.For this purpose, an auxiliary transmission is used, and when switching between 2.4-wheel drive and 4-wheel drive, the auxiliary transmission is activated when switching to 4-wheel drive. Mechanisms for only switching have been proposed by the applicant and are based on mechanical linkages.

ところで、エンジンの吸入管負圧を利用して種々の操作
を行うことが一般に行われており、4輪駆動車において
も従来例えば実公昭48−8821号公報にみられるよ
うに2.4輪駆動の切換えを吸入管負圧で行う点に関す
る先行技術がある。しかし、それは本発明の課題とする
EL蛮速段との関係に対処するものではない。
By the way, it is common practice to perform various operations using negative pressure in the engine's suction pipe, and even in 4-wheel drive vehicles, conventional 2.4-wheel drive systems are used, as seen in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 48-8821. There is a prior art related to switching by negative pressure in the suction pipe. However, this does not address the relationship with the EL van gear, which is the subject of the present invention.

本発明はこのような事情に鑑み、変速機にEL変速段を
得る一対の歯車機構を組込み、その操作系、2.4輪駆
動の切換−装置の操作系、及び運転者による手動の2.
4輪駆動切換操作系を有機的に組合わせて、運転者の手
動操作で2.4輪駆動に切換えられるが、EL変速段へ
のシフトの際に2輪駆動状態なら4輪駆動に切換え、4
輪駆動状態から2輪駆動への切換えは不可能にして、E
L喰速段は4輪駆動でのみ得られるようにした4輪駆動
車の切換機1を提供することを目的とする。
In view of these circumstances, the present invention incorporates a pair of gear mechanisms for obtaining an EL gear stage into a transmission, and provides an operating system for the transmission, a 2.4-wheel drive switching device operating system, and a manual 2.
The 4-wheel drive switching operation system is organically combined, and the driver can manually switch to 2.4-wheel drive, but when shifting to the EL gear, if it is in 2-wheel drive, it will switch to 4-wheel drive. 4
Switching from wheel drive to two-wheel drive is disabled, and E
The object of the present invention is to provide a switching device 1 for a four-wheel drive vehicle in which the L-speed gear can be obtained only with four-wheel drive.

以下、図面を参照して本発明の一実施例を具体的に説明
する。まず、第1図において本発明が適用される4輪駆
動車の伝動系について説明すると、符号1はクラッチで
あり、このクラッチ1が変速機2、前後輪の一方の終減
速装置3、トランスファ装wI4を介して4輪駆動時に
前後輪の他方へも動力伝達する出力軸5に順次連結して
いる。
Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. First, to explain the transmission system of a four-wheel drive vehicle to which the present invention is applied in FIG. It is sequentially connected to an output shaft 5 via wI4 that transmits power to the other of the front and rear wheels during four-wheel drive.

変速機2はクラッチ1からのエンジン動力が入力する主
軸6、及びその主軸6に対して平行配置される副軸7を
有し、主軸6にクラッチ1側から順に第1速ないし第4
速のドライブ歯車8a、 9a。
The transmission 2 has a main shaft 6 to which engine power from the clutch 1 is input, and a counter shaft 7 arranged parallel to the main shaft 6.
speed drive gears 8a, 9a.

10a 、 11aが一体形成され、副軸7にこれらの
各歯車と常時噛合って、空転するドリブン−串8b。
10a and 11a are integrally formed, and the driven skewer 8b is constantly meshed with each of these gears on the countershaft 7 and idles.

9b、 10b 、 11bがあり、且つそれらの自車
8bと9b。
9b, 10b, and 11b, and their own cars 8b and 9b.

10bとllbの間にその一方を選択的に副軸7に一体
化して所定の変速段を取出す同期機構12.13が設け
である。また上述の変速機構の後部において、更に主軸
6にクラッチ1側から後進速のドライブ歯車14aとE
L変速段のドライブ歯車15aが一体形成され、副軸1
にドライブ−串15aと噛合うドリブン歯車15b1そ
の自車15bを副軸1に一体化してEL変速段を取出す
同期機構16がある。同期機構16は後述する変速操作
機構のシフタフォークと係合するスリーブ16aに後進
速のドリブン歯車14bが形成してあり、このスリーブ
16aを、−車15bと反対側に移動することによりそ
の歯車14bをアイドラ歯車14cを介し歯車14aに
噛合い結合させて逆転した後進速を得るようになってい
る。
A synchronizing mechanism 12, 13 is provided between 10b and llb for selectively integrating one of them with the subshaft 7 to take out a predetermined gear position. Further, in the rear part of the above-mentioned transmission mechanism, a reverse speed drive gear 14a and an E are connected to the main shaft 6 from the clutch 1 side.
The drive gear 15a of the L gear stage is integrally formed, and the countershaft 1
There is a synchronization mechanism 16 which integrates the driven gear 15b1 which meshes with the drive skewer 15a and the own vehicle 15b with the subshaft 1 to take out the EL gear stage. In the synchronizing mechanism 16, a driven gear 14b for reverse speed is formed on a sleeve 16a that engages with a shifter fork of a speed change operation mechanism, which will be described later.By moving this sleeve 16a to the opposite side of the - wheel 15b, the driven gear 14b is moved. is meshed with the gear 14a via the idler gear 14c to obtain a reverse reverse speed.

こ“こで、第1速の歯車8a、 8bによるギヤ比に対
してEL変速段の歯車15a 、 15bによるギヤ比
の方が大きく設定してあり、このEL変速段は後進速と
同一セレクト方向の反対側に設けられる。
Here, the gear ratio of the gears 15a and 15b of the EL gear stage is set larger than the gear ratio of the first gear gears 8a and 8b, and this EL gear stage is set in the same select direction as the reverse speed. installed on the opposite side.

終減速装置3は上記変速機2の副軸7における出力歯車
11に噛合って変速した動力を減速して取出す終減速歯
車18を有し、この―車18に差動装置19が取付けら
れ、且つ差動装置19からはアクスル軸20を介して例
えば後輪にそれを直接駆動すべく連結される。
The final reduction gear 3 has a final reduction gear 18 that meshes with the output gear 11 on the countershaft 7 of the transmission 2 to decelerate and extract the shifted power, and a differential gear 19 is attached to this gear 18. Further, the differential device 19 is connected to, for example, a rear wheel via an axle shaft 20 so as to directly drive the rear wheel.

トランスファ装置4は回転自在に軸支されたトランスフ
ァ軸21に、上記終減速装置3の終減速歯車18と噛合
って空転するトランスファ歯車22、及びその歯車22
をトランスファ軸21に一体化するドッグクラッチ式の
切換装置23を設けている。更にトランスファ軸21は
一対の傘歯車24a 、 24bを介して出力軸5に連
結し、例えば前輪側へも動力伝達するようになっている
The transfer device 4 includes a transfer shaft 21 that is rotatably supported, and a transfer gear 22 that meshes with the final reduction gear 18 of the final reduction device 3 and rotates idly, and the gear 22.
A dog clutch type switching device 23 that integrates the transfer shaft 21 with the transfer shaft 21 is provided. Further, the transfer shaft 21 is connected to the output shaft 5 via a pair of bevel gears 24a and 24b, so that power can also be transmitted to, for example, the front wheels.

次いで変速$2の同期機構12.13の変速操作機構は
省略し、第2図と第3図において同期機構16の操作機
構について説明すると、EL−後進用シフタレール25
に同期機構16のスリーブ16aと係合するシフタフォ
ーク26が取付けられ、シフタレール25を軸方向前後
に移動することで、EL変速段または後進速を選択的に
得るようになっている。
Next, the shift operation mechanism of the synchronization mechanism 12 and 13 of the shift $2 will be omitted, and the operation mechanism of the synchronization mechanism 16 will be explained in FIGS. 2 and 3. EL-reverse shifter rail 25
A shifter fork 26 that engages with the sleeve 16a of the synchronizing mechanism 16 is attached to the shifter fork 26, and by moving the shifter rail 25 back and forth in the axial direction, an EL gear position or a reverse speed can be selectively obtained.

そしてこのシフタレール25の端部、即ちEL変速段を
得る側に切換バルブ27が設けられる。切換バルブ27
はシフタレール25の延長線上端面を互に接触可能に設
けられるスプール28を有し、このスプール28のシフ
タレール25と反対の側に制御室29が形成されると共
に、制御室29内でスプール28にスプリング30が付
勢してあり、負圧入口ボート31aに対し2個の負圧出
口ボート31b 、 31c及びドレンボート32a 
、 32bを有する。そして、シフタレール25が図の
ような中立位置または左側の後進速にシフトされたり、
制御室29が大気圧になっていてスプール28が図のよ
うな左側に移動していると、ボート31aがボート31
bに、ボー、ト31cがドレンボート32bに連通し、
シフタレール25がEL変速段にシフトされ、または制
御室29が負圧になってスプール?8が右側に移動する
と、ボート31aがボート31cに、ボート31bがド
レンボート32aに連通するように切換ねる。即ら、シ
フタレール25がEL変速段にシフトされた場合と、そ
れ以外のI制御室29の負圧で切換動作するようになっ
ている。
A switching valve 27 is provided at the end of the shifter rail 25, that is, at the side where the EL gear stage is obtained. Switching valve 27
has a spool 28 that is provided so that the upper end surfaces of the extension line of the shifter rail 25 can come into contact with each other, a control chamber 29 is formed on the opposite side of the spool 28 from the shifter rail 25, and a spring is attached to the spool 28 within the control chamber 29. 30 is energized, and two negative pressure outlet boats 31b, 31c and a drain boat 32a are connected to the negative pressure inlet boat 31a.
, 32b. Then, the shifter rail 25 is shifted to the neutral position or to the left reverse speed as shown in the figure,
When the control room 29 is at atmospheric pressure and the spool 28 is moving to the left as shown in the figure, the boat 31a
b, the boat 31c communicates with the drain boat 32b,
The shifter rail 25 is shifted to the EL gear stage, or the control chamber 29 becomes negative pressure, causing the spool? 8 moves to the right, the boat 31a is switched to communicate with the boat 31c, and the boat 31b is switched to communicate with the drain boat 32a. That is, the switching operation is performed when the shifter rail 25 is shifted to the EL gear stage and when the negative pressure in the I control chamber 29 is applied at other times.

第4図と第5図においてトランスファ装置4の切換装置
23の操作機構について説明すると、切換装置23にお
いてト)ンスファ軸21にスプライン嵌合するハブ23
aのスリーブ23bに、その軸21と平行に配置された
4 WD−2WD用シフタレール33の一端のシフタフ
ォーク34が係合し、シフタレール33の他端にダイヤ
フラム式アクチュエータ35が装着されている。アクチ
ュエータ35はダイヤフラム36により区画された2つ
の気密の室37a 、 37bを有し、且つダイヤフラ
ム36には、シフタレール33の他端が連結されて成る
もので、室37aまたは37bに負圧が選択的に供給さ
れることにより、シフタレール33を軸方向前後に移動
して切換装w23のスリーブ23bをトランスファ歯車
22のスプライン22aに噛合し、4輪駆動すべく一体
化したり、またはスリーブ23bとスプライン22aの
噛合いを解いて2輪駆動すべく切換えるようになってい
る。
4 and 5, the operating mechanism of the switching device 23 of the transfer device 4 will be explained. In the switching device 23, a hub 23 spline-fitted to the transfer shaft 21
A shifter fork 34 at one end of a shifter rail 33 for 4WD-2WD arranged parallel to the shaft 21 is engaged with the sleeve 23b of a, and a diaphragm actuator 35 is attached to the other end of the shifter rail 33. The actuator 35 has two airtight chambers 37a and 37b separated by a diaphragm 36, and the other end of the shifter rail 33 is connected to the diaphragm 36, so that negative pressure can be selectively applied to the chambers 37a or 37b. By being supplied to It is designed to disengage and switch to two-wheel drive.

また更に第6図に示されるように、運転席に設けられる
2、4輪駆動手動切換用のノブ38がワイヤ39を介し
てセレクタバルブ40に接続しており、このセレクタバ
ルブ40はワイヤ39を結んだスプール41、リターン
用スプリング42、及び負圧と大気圧の入口ボート43
a 、 43b 、出口ボート43cを有する。そして
、ノブ38が図の2輪駆動位1にある場合は大気入口ボ
ート43bを出口ボート43cに達通し、ノブ38を引
いて4輪駆動位置に保持すると、スプール41が右側に
移動して大気入口ボート43bを閉じ、負圧入口ボート
43aを開くと共にそれを出口ボート43cに連通する
ように切換動作する。
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, a knob 38 for manual switching between 2 and 4 wheel drive provided at the driver's seat is connected to a selector valve 40 via a wire 39. A tied spool 41, a return spring 42, and an inlet boat 43 for negative pressure and atmospheric pressure.
a, 43b, and an exit boat 43c. When the knob 38 is in the two-wheel drive position 1 shown in the figure, the atmosphere inlet boat 43b reaches the outlet boat 43c, and when the knob 38 is pulled and held in the four-wheel drive position, the spool 41 moves to the right and the atmosphere A switching operation is performed to close the inlet boat 43b, open the negative pressure inlet boat 43a, and communicate it with the outlet boat 43c.

そして上述の切換バルブ21、アクチュエータ35及び
セレクタバルブ40において、エンジン側からの吸入管
負圧の負圧通路44が切換バルブ21のボート31aと
セレクタバルブ40のボート43aに接続され、切換バ
ルブ21のボート31b 、 31cが通路45゜46
によりアクチュエータ35の室37b 、 37aに、
セレクタバルブ40のボート43cが通路41により切
換バルブ27の制御室29にそれぞれ接続しである。
In the switching valve 21, actuator 35, and selector valve 40 described above, a negative pressure passage 44 of the suction pipe negative pressure from the engine side is connected to the boat 31a of the switching valve 21 and the boat 43a of the selector valve 40. Boats 31b and 31c are in the passage 45°46
In the chambers 37b and 37a of the actuator 35,
The boats 43c of the selector valves 40 are connected to the control chambers 29 of the switching valves 27 through passages 41, respectively.

本発明はこのように構成されているから、ノブ38を第
6図のような2輪駆動位置にすると、セレクタバルブ4
0により切換バルブ21の制御室29に大気圧が供給さ
れている。そのため、シフタレール25によりEし変速
段にシフトされない限り切換バルブ27のスプール28
はスプリング30で第6図のように左側に移動し、負圧
通路44を通路45を介してアクチュエータ35の室3
7bに連通してその室37bに負圧を導入し、室37a
は通路46、ドレンポート32bによりドレンする。そ
こで、アクチュエータ35の室37bの負圧によりシフ
タレール33が第6図のように左側に移動し、切換装置
23はトランスファ歯車22とトランスファ軸21を断
接することになって2輪駆動状態になる。
Since the present invention is constructed in this manner, when the knob 38 is set to the two-wheel drive position as shown in FIG.
0, atmospheric pressure is supplied to the control chamber 29 of the switching valve 21. Therefore, the spool 28 of the switching valve 27 is
is moved to the left side by the spring 30 as shown in FIG.
7b to introduce negative pressure into the chamber 37b, and
is drained through the passage 46 and the drain port 32b. Then, the shifter rail 33 moves to the left as shown in FIG. 6 due to the negative pressure in the chamber 37b of the actuator 35, and the switching device 23 connects and disconnects the transfer gear 22 and the transfer shaft 21, resulting in a two-wheel drive state.

かくして、変速機2において同期機構12.13及び同
期機構16の一方への動作で前進4段後進1段の変速が
行われる際の動力が、副軸1の出力歯車11から終減速
装[3の終減速歯車18、差動装置19、アクスル軸2
0を介して後輪のみに伝達され、その後輪のみによる2
輪駆動走行が行われる。
In this way, when the transmission 2 shifts to four forward speeds and one reverse speed by operating one of the synchronizing mechanisms 12, 13 and 16, the power is transferred from the output gear 11 of the subshaft 1 to the final reduction gear [3]. final reduction gear 18, differential gear 19, axle shaft 2
0 is transmitted to the rear wheels only, and the 2
Wheel drive driving is performed.

一方このような2輪駆動走行の場合に、シフタレール2
5により同期機構1Gを他方へ動作して歯車15a 、
 15bによるELL速段にシフトされるとシフタレー
ル25の移動に連動して切換バルブ27のスプール28
が右側に移動し、これにより負圧通路44の負圧は通路
46を介してアクチュエータ35の他方の室37aに導
入されるようになる。そこで、シフタレール33が右側
に移動することで切換装置123によりトランスファ歯
車22がトラ7ンスフ7軸21に一体結合して4輪駆動
状態になり、上述の変速l112におけるギヤ比の大き
いELL速段の動りは終減速装置3により後輪側に伝達
し、且つトランスファ軸21から傘歯車24a 、 2
4b 、出力軸5を介して前輪側へも伝達されるのであ
り、こうして4輪駆動走行に自動的に切換ねる。
On the other hand, in the case of such two-wheel drive driving, shifter rail 2
5, the synchronizing mechanism 1G is operated to the other side, and the gear 15a,
15b, the spool 28 of the switching valve 27 is moved in conjunction with the movement of the shifter rail 25.
moves to the right, so that the negative pressure in the negative pressure passage 44 is introduced into the other chamber 37a of the actuator 35 via the passage 46. Therefore, by moving the shifter rail 33 to the right side, the transfer gear 22 is integrally connected to the transfer gear 7 shaft 21 by the switching device 123, and a four-wheel drive state is established. The motion is transmitted to the rear wheels by the final reduction gear 3, and is transmitted from the transfer shaft 21 to the bevel gears 24a, 2.
4b is also transmitted to the front wheels via the output shaft 5, thus automatically switching to four-wheel drive driving.

また、ノブ38を第7図のように引いて4輪駆動位置に
すると、ワイヤ39によりセレクタバルブ40内のスプ
ール41が移動することにより、負圧通路44の負圧が
、そのセレクタバルブ40により切換バルブ21の制御
室29に供給され、スプール28を、上述のEl変速段
へのシフトの揚台同様に、右側に移動するようになって
、アクチュエータ35による切換装置23の動作で4輪
駆動状態になる。そこで、変速機2の前進4段後道1段
に変速された動力、更にはELL速段に変速された動力
も切換バルブ27が既に切換動作することで、前後輪に
伝達されて4輪駆動走行が行われる。尚、El変速段で
4輪駆動している状態でノブ38を2輪駆動位置に戻し
ても、切換バルブ27はシフタレール25で戻りが規制
されて4輪駆動状態に保持され、ELL速段から他の変
速段にシフトするのに伴ない切換バルブ21が先に切換
って2輪駆動になる。
Furthermore, when the knob 38 is pulled to the four-wheel drive position as shown in FIG. The signal is supplied to the control chamber 29 of the switching valve 21, and the spool 28 is moved to the right side in the same way as the platform for shifting to the El gear stage described above, and the switching device 23 is operated by the actuator 35 to set the spool 28 to four-wheel drive. become a state. Therefore, the power shifted to the 4th forward gear and the 1st rear gear of the transmission 2, as well as the power shifted to the ELL gear, are transmitted to the front and rear wheels by the switching valve 27, and the power is transmitted to the front and rear wheels, resulting in 4-wheel drive. Running takes place. Note that even if the knob 38 is returned to the 2-wheel drive position while the 4-wheel drive is in the EL gear, the shifter rail 25 restricts the return of the switching valve 27 and the 4-wheel drive state is maintained. As the vehicle shifts to another gear, the switching valve 21 first switches to become two-wheel drive.

かくして本発明によるチェンジレバーのシフトパターン
は第8図のようになる。
Thus, the shift pattern of the change lever according to the present invention is as shown in FIG.

本発明は上記実施例のみに限定されるものではなく、切
換バルブ27を直接ノブ38からのワイヤ39に結ぶよ
うにしてセレクタバルブ40を不要にすることも可能で
ある。また、ワイヤ39を用いずソレノイドで行うこと
もできる。
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the selector valve 40 can be made unnecessary by connecting the switching valve 27 directly to the wire 39 from the knob 38. Alternatively, the wire 39 may not be used and a solenoid may be used.

以上の説明から明かなように本発明によると、変速機2
に第1速より更にギヤ比の大きいE−L変速段の歯車機
構を組込み、そのELL速段を4輪駆動時にのみ使用し
得るようになっているので、4輪駆動車の性能が充分に
発揮され、2輪駆動では、使用することができないよう
になっているので誤って使用することによる不具合が全
くない。
As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the transmission 2
A gear mechanism with an EL gear ratio that has a larger gear ratio than 1st gear is incorporated into the 1st gear, and the ELL gear can only be used when the vehicle is in 4-wheel drive, so the performance of a 4-wheel drive vehicle is fully Since it is designed so that it cannot be used in two-wheel drive, there are no problems caused by incorrect use.

ELL速段の操作系が後進速のものに組付けられてチェ
ンジレバー操作で得るようになっており、2.4輪駆動
切換の操作は2位1の操作ですむので操作性が非常に良
くなり、誤操作の危険もない。
The operation system for the ELL gear is attached to the reverse gear and can be obtained by operating the change lever, and the 2.4 wheel drive switching operation is performed by the second and first operations, making it very easy to operate. Therefore, there is no danger of incorrect operation.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明による切換機構の一実施例としての伝動
系を示す断面図、第2図は第1図のn−■断面図、第3
図は第2図の■−■断面図、第4図は第1図の■−11
7断面図、第5図は第4図のV−■断面図、第6図は操
作系の配管図、第7図は動作状態を示す配管図、第8図
は本発明によるチェンジレバーのシフトパターンを示す
図である。 2・・・変速機、3・・・終減速装置、4・・・トラン
スファ装置、5・・・出力軸、15a 、 15b・・
・EL蛮連速段用歯車23・・・切換装置、27・・・
切換バルブ、35・・・ダイヤフラム式アクチュエータ
、38・・・2.4輪駆動手動切換用ノブ、40・・・
セレクタバルブ、44・・・負圧通路、45ないし41
・・・通路。 特許出願人   富士重工業株式会社 代理人弁理士  小 橋 信 淳 同 弁理士  村 井   進 第3図 ■ 第4図
Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing a transmission system as an embodiment of the switching mechanism according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line n-■ in Fig.
The figure is the ■-■ cross-sectional view of Figure 2, and the figure 4 is ■-11 of Figure 1.
7 is a sectional view, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line V-■ in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a piping diagram of the operation system, FIG. 7 is a piping diagram showing the operating state, and FIG. It is a figure showing a pattern. 2... Transmission, 3... Final reduction gear, 4... Transfer device, 5... Output shaft, 15a, 15b...
・EL continuous gear gear 23... switching device, 27...
Switching valve, 35...Diaphragm actuator, 38...2.4-wheel drive manual switching knob, 40...
Selector valve, 44... Negative pressure passage, 45 to 41
···aisle. Patent Applicant Fuji Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Representative Patent Attorney Jundo Kobashi Patent Attorney Susumu Murai Figure 3■ Figure 4

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 変速機の出力側を前、11輪の一方の終減速装置に伝動
すべく連結し、2,4輪駆動の切換えを行うトランスフ
ァ装置を介して前後輪の他方へ伝動構成する4輪駆動車
において、1紀変速機に第1速より更にギヤ比の大きい
エマジエンシーローの変速段を得る一対の歯車機構を組
込み、且つそのシフト及び運転者による2、4輪駆動の
切換操作に直接または間接的に連動する切換バルブを設
番す、上記切換装置にダイヤフラム式アクチュエータを
装着して、これらの切換バルブ及びアクチュエータを負
圧と大気圧の通路で接続構成し、運転者の手動操作で2
.4輪駆動に切換え、このときエマジエンシーローの変
速段は4輪駆動でのみ得られるように自動切換するよう
に構成したことを特徴とする4輪駆動車の切換機構。
In a four-wheel drive vehicle in which the output side of the transmission is connected to a final reduction gear on one of the front and eleven wheels, and transmission is transmitted to the other of the front and rear wheels via a transfer device that switches between two and four-wheel drive. , a pair of gear mechanisms that obtain an emergent low gear ratio with a larger gear ratio than the first gear are incorporated into the first gear transmission, and the gear mechanism is directly or indirectly connected to the shift and the driver's switching operation between 2 and 4 wheel drive. A diaphragm actuator is attached to the switching device, and these switching valves and actuators are connected through negative pressure and atmospheric pressure passages, and the driver manually operates two switching valves.
.. A switching mechanism for a four-wheel drive vehicle, characterized in that the switching mechanism for a four-wheel drive vehicle is configured to automatically switch to four-wheel drive so that an emergent low gear position can only be obtained in four-wheel drive.
JP18245681A 1981-11-13 1981-11-13 4RINKUDOSHANOKIRIKAEKIKO Expired - Lifetime JPH0238407B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP18245681A JPH0238407B2 (en) 1981-11-13 1981-11-13 4RINKUDOSHANOKIRIKAEKIKO

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP18245681A JPH0238407B2 (en) 1981-11-13 1981-11-13 4RINKUDOSHANOKIRIKAEKIKO

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5885725A true JPS5885725A (en) 1983-05-23
JPH0238407B2 JPH0238407B2 (en) 1990-08-30

Family

ID=16118581

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP18245681A Expired - Lifetime JPH0238407B2 (en) 1981-11-13 1981-11-13 4RINKUDOSHANOKIRIKAEKIKO

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0238407B2 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4592442A (en) * 1984-11-29 1986-06-03 International Harvester Company Control system for a vehicle with two speed rear axle and single speed front axle drive
JPS62128935U (en) * 1986-02-07 1987-08-15
JPS6387327A (en) * 1986-09-30 1988-04-18 Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd Two and four-wheel drive mode change-over device for automobile
US4858716A (en) * 1986-09-30 1989-08-22 Aisin Seiki-Kabushiki Kaisha Two wheel/four wheel drive change over apparatus for four-wheel drive vehicles

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4592442A (en) * 1984-11-29 1986-06-03 International Harvester Company Control system for a vehicle with two speed rear axle and single speed front axle drive
JPS62128935U (en) * 1986-02-07 1987-08-15
JPH0425384Y2 (en) * 1986-02-07 1992-06-17
JPS6387327A (en) * 1986-09-30 1988-04-18 Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd Two and four-wheel drive mode change-over device for automobile
US4858716A (en) * 1986-09-30 1989-08-22 Aisin Seiki-Kabushiki Kaisha Two wheel/four wheel drive change over apparatus for four-wheel drive vehicles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0238407B2 (en) 1990-08-30

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