JPS5837269B2 - Molding method for inorganic materials - Google Patents

Molding method for inorganic materials

Info

Publication number
JPS5837269B2
JPS5837269B2 JP55126505A JP12650580A JPS5837269B2 JP S5837269 B2 JPS5837269 B2 JP S5837269B2 JP 55126505 A JP55126505 A JP 55126505A JP 12650580 A JP12650580 A JP 12650580A JP S5837269 B2 JPS5837269 B2 JP S5837269B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
water
inorganic
formulation
metal aluminum
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP55126505A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5751166A (en
Inventor
光隆 河村
国男 神谷
悌二 大久保
武 大竹
邦夫 内田
敏 富沢
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
Original Assignee
Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agency of Industrial Science and Technology filed Critical Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
Priority to JP55126505A priority Critical patent/JPS5837269B2/en
Publication of JPS5751166A publication Critical patent/JPS5751166A/en
Publication of JPS5837269B2 publication Critical patent/JPS5837269B2/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/34Metals, e.g. ferro-silicon

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は金属アルミニウムを含む無機微粉砕物を原料と
し、これから高められた強度を有する造粒物を製造する
無機物の成形方法に関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for molding an inorganic material using a finely pulverized inorganic material containing metal aluminum as a raw material and producing a granulated material having increased strength from the material.

近年、都市ごみ焼却残滓や産業廃棄物の処理に伴って排
出される無機廃棄物の処理が埋立地の確保難などから社
会問題になっている。
In recent years, the treatment of inorganic waste discharged from the disposal of municipal waste incineration residue and industrial waste has become a social issue due to the difficulty of securing landfill sites.

その問題を解決する方向として、それら無機残滓を資源
として再利用することが考えられ、その再利用に関する
技術開発が進められている。
One way to solve this problem is to reuse these inorganic residues as a resource, and technological development for this reuse is progressing.

例えば、都市ごみを分別処理して、厨芥、紙類、プラス
チック類、金属類、無機物に分け、得られた無機物を原
料として軽量骨材やタイル、軽量多孔体などの戒形物を
得ようとする試みが行イつれている。
For example, we are trying to separate and process municipal waste into kitchen waste, paper, plastics, metals, and inorganic materials, and use the resulting inorganic materials as raw materials to produce lightweight aggregates, tiles, lightweight porous materials, and other shaped materials. Attempts to do so have been delayed.

ところで、このようにして分別された無機物の組成は、
100%無機物ではなく、金属などの類似物が不可避的
に混入し、このために−困難な問題をしはしは生じる。
By the way, the composition of the inorganic substances separated in this way is
It is not 100% inorganic, and analogues such as metals are inevitably mixed in, which can lead to difficult problems.

例えは、分別された無機物を微粉砕し、この微粉砕物に
他の適尚な添加剤や結合剤を加えて水の存在下混合し、
得られた湿り粉を皿型造粒機や押出し造ね機で造粒成形
する場合、得られる造粒物の強度が小さく、これを取扱
う過程で造粒物が全て破砕されてしまうことがしばしば
起る。
For example, the separated inorganic material is pulverized, other suitable additives and binders are added to this pulverized material, and the mixture is mixed in the presence of water.
When the obtained wet powder is granulated using a dish-type granulator or an extrusion granulator, the strength of the granules obtained is low, and the granules are often all crushed during the handling process. It happens.

殊に、造粒物を乾燥してロータリーキルンで焼威し、人
工軽量骨材にする場合にこのような造粒物の破砕が起る
と、目的の骨材が得られないばかりか、造粒物がこわれ
て生じる粉末がロータリーキルン内での造粒物の正常な
転勤運動を妨げ、いわゆるリングとか大木を形威してロ
ータリーキルンの正常な焼戒運転が不可能になる。
In particular, when granules are dried and burned in a rotary kiln to produce artificial lightweight aggregate, if such granules are crushed, not only will the desired aggregate not be obtained, but the granules will The powder produced when the material is broken disturbs the normal transfer movement of the granules within the rotary kiln, forming so-called rings or large trees, which make it impossible for the rotary kiln to operate normally.

本発明者らは、このような問題を解決すべく鋭意研究を
重ねた結果、無機物中に混入した金属アルミニウムが原
因となって前記問題が生起することを見出した。
As a result of intensive research aimed at solving these problems, the inventors of the present invention discovered that the problems are caused by metal aluminum mixed into inorganic substances.

すなわち、無機物中に混入した金属アルミニウムは、微
粉砕の過程で表面の酸化物層が除去され、新しい金属表
面が露出して非常に活性の高い状態になっている。
That is, the oxide layer on the surface of metallic aluminum mixed in the inorganic substance is removed during the pulverization process, and a new metal surface is exposed, making it in a highly active state.

そして、この微粉砕物にアルカリ成分が同時に存在する
条件で水が添加されると次の反応が起って水素ガスが放
出される。
When water is added to this finely ground material under the condition that an alkaline component is present at the same time, the following reaction occurs and hydrogen gas is released.

この反応は発熱反応であるため、反応熱が放出され、熱
が円滑に除去されない場合には温度が上昇し、益々激し
く進行する。
Since this reaction is exothermic, the heat of reaction is released, and if the heat is not removed smoothly, the temperature will rise and the reaction will proceed more violently.

そして、発生した水素ガスの圧力により、水架橋や結合
剤により僅かな力で保形されている造粒或形物の内部構
造は、水素ガスが外部に逃散可能になる程度まで破壊さ
れ、その結果、造粒物の強度は著しく低下し、極めて破
砕されやすいものとなってしまう。
Then, due to the pressure of the generated hydrogen gas, the internal structure of the granules or shapes, which are held in shape by water bridges and binders with a slight force, is destroyed to the extent that the hydrogen gas can escape to the outside. As a result, the strength of the granules decreases significantly and they become extremely susceptible to crushing.

本発明者らは、前記のような金属アルミニウムによる弊
害を除去すべくさらに鋭意研究を重ねた結果、本発明を
完或するに到った。
The present inventors have completed the present invention as a result of further intensive research in order to eliminate the above-mentioned adverse effects caused by metal aluminum.

すなわち、本発明によれば、金属アルミニウムを少量含
む微粉状無機物を主或分とする配合物から成形物を製造
するに際し、該配合物を、水の存在下、pH5〜9の条
件に保持して、該配合物中の金属アルミニウムと水との
反応を回避させながら或形するか、あるいは該配合物を
、水の存在下、pH10〜12の条件に所要時間保持し
て、配合物中の金属アルミニウムと水とを反応させたの
ち成形することを特徴とする無機物の或形方法が提供さ
れる。
That is, according to the present invention, when producing a molded article from a composition mainly composed of a finely powdered inorganic material containing a small amount of metallic aluminum, the composition is maintained at a pH of 5 to 9 in the presence of water. The mixture can be shaped while avoiding the reaction between the metal aluminum in the formulation and water, or the formulation can be maintained at a pH of 10 to 12 in the presence of water for a required period of time to reduce the amount of metal in the formulation. A method for shaping an inorganic material is provided, which comprises reacting metallic aluminum with water and then shaping the material.

本発明で用いる成形原料は金属アルミニウムを少量含む
無機物であって、このようなものは、都市ごみを分別し
処理して得られる無機物や、都市ごみ焼却残滓を利用す
ることができる。
The molding raw material used in the present invention is an inorganic material containing a small amount of metal aluminum, and such an inorganic material obtained by separating and processing municipal waste or municipal waste incineration residue can be used.

これらの無機物には、通常、金属アルミニウム分が0.
3〜1%の範囲で含まれている。
These inorganic substances usually have a metallic aluminum content of 0.
It is contained in the range of 3 to 1%.

都市ごみを分別処理して得られる粗大な無機物は、成形
原料とするために、微粉砕処理される。
Coarse inorganic materials obtained by sorting municipal waste are pulverized to form raw materials.

本発明の場合、この無機物は、或形原料とするにはでき
る限り微粉末であることが望ましいカ一一般的には粒度
l00メッシュ以下、好ましくは200メッシュ以下で
使用される。
In the case of the present invention, it is desirable that the inorganic substance be as fine a powder as possible in order to be used as a raw material in a certain form, and is generally used at a particle size of 100 mesh or less, preferably 200 mesh or less.

本発明においては、このような微粉末状無機物に、必要
に応じて補助或分を添加し、さらに結合剤を適量配合し
て成形原料としての配合物を調製する。
In the present invention, a mixture as a molding raw material is prepared by adding an auxiliary amount to such a finely powdered inorganic material as necessary, and further adding an appropriate amount of a binder.

この場合、補助成分としては、成形物の補強の目的で砂
、キラ廃土、赤泥などが適用され、また軽量骨材製造の
目的でゴミあるいはプラスチック類を流動熱分解する装
置から排出されるダストなどが適用される。
In this case, auxiliary components include sand, waste clay, red mud, etc., for the purpose of reinforcing the molded product, and waste materials discharged from equipment that performs fluid pyrolysis of garbage or plastics for the purpose of producing lightweight aggregate. Dust etc. are applied.

さらにタイルや土管製造の目的で蛙目粘土、木節粘土、
ロウ石などが適用される。
In addition, for the purpose of manufacturing tiles and clay pipes, Frogme clay, Kibushi clay, etc.
Wax stone etc. are applied.

これらの補助成分の添加割合は、その補助戒分の添加目
的及び種類によって異なるが、一般的には、前記無機物
との混合物に対し、50重量φ以下、通常30〜10重
量φの範囲である。
The proportion of these auxiliary components added varies depending on the purpose and type of addition of the auxiliary precepts, but generally it is 50 weight φ or less, usually in the range of 30 to 10 weight φ, with respect to the mixture with the inorganic substance. .

また、結合剤としては、有機及び無機系のものが用いら
れ,有機系のものとしては、ポリビニルアルコール、カ
ルボキシメチルセルロース、テンプン、蛋白、天然ゴム
、アスファルト、パルプ廃液などがあり、また無機系の
ものとしては、ベントナイト、水ガラスなどがある。
In addition, organic and inorganic binders are used. Organic binders include polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, protein, natural rubber, asphalt, pulp waste, and inorganic binders. Examples include bentonite and water glass.

これらの結合剤の配合量は、配合物中、15重量多以下
、通常、2〜10重量φの範囲である。
The blending amount of these binders in the formulation is 15% by weight or less, usually in the range of 2 to 10% by weight.

本発明においては、次に、このようにして得た原料配合
物を水の存在下適当なpH条件に保持して成形するが、
この場合、適用するpHは次の2種類に分けられる。
In the present invention, the raw material mixture thus obtained is then molded while being maintained at an appropriate pH condition in the presence of water.
In this case, the pH to be applied can be divided into the following two types.

(1) pH5〜9、好ましくは6〜8の範囲を適用
する。
(1) A pH range of 5 to 9, preferably 6 to 8 is applied.

(2)pH10〜12、好ましくは10.5〜11の範
囲を適用する。
(2) A pH range of 10 to 12, preferably 10.5 to 11 is applied.

前者のpH5〜9の条件は、金属アルミニウムと水との
反応を回避させる条件である。
The former condition of pH 5 to 9 is a condition that avoids the reaction between metal aluminum and water.

一方、後者のpH10〜12の条件は金属アルミニウム
と水との反応を積極的に生起させる条件である。
On the other hand, the latter condition of pH 10 to 12 is a condition that actively causes the reaction between metal aluminum and water.

後者の条件下においては、配合物は、戒形前に所要時間
放置し、金属アルミニウムの弊害が実質上消失するまで
金属アルミニウムを水と反応させることが必要である。
Under the latter conditions, the formulation must be allowed to stand for a period of time prior to formulation to allow the aluminum metal to react with the water until the adverse effects of the aluminum metal have substantially disappeared.

本発明の場合、配合物をpH10〜12の条件下に、2
4時間以上、好ましくは48時間以上保持することによ
り、その中に含まれる金属アルミニウムの害をなくすこ
とができる。
In the case of the present invention, the formulation is prepared under conditions of pH 10-12 for 2 hours.
By holding it for 4 hours or more, preferably 48 hours or more, it is possible to eliminate the harmful effects of the metal aluminum contained therein.

配合物のpHを調節するために用いるpH調節剤は、酸
又はアルカリ、あるいは加水分解により酸性又はアルカ
リ性を示す物質である。
The pH adjusting agent used to adjust the pH of the formulation is an acid or alkali, or a substance that becomes acidic or alkaline upon hydrolysis.

酸性又はアルカリ性のいずれのpH調節剤を用いるかは
配合物の性質による。
Whether acidic or alkaline pH adjusters are used depends on the nature of the formulation.

本発明の場合、このpH調節剤は、前記配合物に添加す
る水と共に、すなわち、酸性又はアルカリ性の水溶液と
して配合物に添加するのがよい。
In the case of the present invention, this pH adjusting agent is preferably added to the formulation together with the water added to the formulation, ie as an acidic or alkaline aqueous solution.

配合物に添加する水量は、配合物の水含量が5〜17重
量饅、好ましくは10〜15重量係になるような範囲で
ある。
The amount of water added to the formulation is such that the water content of the formulation is from 5 to 17 parts by weight, preferably from 10 to 15 parts by weight.

この水含量が多過ぎたり、あるいは少な過ぎたりすると
、配合物混練り性及び成形性が悪くなる。
If the water content is too high or too low, the kneadability and moldability of the blend will deteriorate.

本発明によれば、水及びpH調節剤を添加した配合物は
、均一に混練され、適当な形状に成形される。
According to the invention, the formulation with added water and pH adjuster is homogeneously kneaded and shaped into a suitable shape.

成形物の形状は任意であり、粒状、板状、ブロック状、
筒状などが採用される。
The shape of the molded product can be arbitrary, such as granules, plates, blocks, etc.
A cylindrical shape is used.

或形物は乾燥し、中間製品とされる。Some shapes are dried and used as intermediate products.

本発明においては、前記したように、成形過程中におけ
る金属アルミニウムと水との反応による水素ガスの発生
が制止されていることから、得られる製品はその内部構
造が水素ガスにより破壊されていないため、良好な機械
的強度を有する。
In the present invention, as described above, since the generation of hydrogen gas due to the reaction between metal aluminum and water during the forming process is suppressed, the internal structure of the resulting product is not destroyed by hydrogen gas. , has good mechanical strength.

本発明により得られる成形物は、タイル、骨材、瓦、土
管、壁材、ブロックなどとして利用される。
The molded product obtained by the present invention is used as tiles, aggregates, roof tiles, clay pipes, wall materials, blocks, etc.

次に本発明を実施例によりさらに詳細に説明する。Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

実施例 1 資源再生利用技術システムにおいて、都市ごみを半湿破
砕分別機で厨芥類、紙類及びプラスチツク類に分別した
Example 1 In a resource recycling technology system, municipal waste was separated into kitchen waste, paper, and plastics using a semi-humid crushing and sorting machine.

厨芥類には金属アルミニウム0.1重量俸含む無機物3
3.1重量多程度が混入するが、この無機物85重量部
を厨芥類から分離した後、これにプラスチック熱分解装
置から排出されるダスト15重量部を加えて混合粉砕し
、結合剤としてさらにベントナイト5部を加えて200
メッシュ篩90%通過程度に微粉砕して配合物を得た。
Kitchen waste includes 3 inorganic substances including metal aluminum 0.1 weight
After separating 85 parts by weight of this inorganic material from kitchen waste, 15 parts by weight of dust discharged from the plastic pyrolysis equipment is added to it, mixed and crushed, and bentonite is added as a binder. Add 5 parts to 200
A blend was obtained by pulverizing the mixture to such a degree that 90% of the mixture passed through a mesh sieve.

この配合物1 tonに対し、硫酸10ゆを水170k
gによって希釈したものを、ミキサーで混練しながら、
配合物の水分量が約15%程度になるまで加えた。
For 1 ton of this mixture, 10 yu of sulfuric acid and 170 k of water.
While kneading the diluted product with a mixer,
The water content of the formulation was added until it was approximately 15%.

この混練物(pH=9.0)を型に入れて円筒の形状に
或形し、得られた成形物についてその強度を測定したと
ころ、湿潤強度4. 2 kg/cit,乾燥強度99
.7kg/一の結果が得られた。
This kneaded material (pH=9.0) was put into a mold and shaped into a cylindrical shape, and the strength of the obtained molded product was measured.The wet strength was 4. 2 kg/cit, dry strength 99
.. A result of 7 kg/1 was obtained.

一方、比較のために、酸を用いないで水のみを配合物に
添加し、或形し、得られた或形物についでその強度を測
定したところ、湿潤強度1.5kg/cQ乾燥強度2
2. 4 kg /cr?Lの結果が得られ、この場合
の強度は明らかに劣ったものであった。
On the other hand, for comparison, when only water was added to the formulation without using an acid, the mixture was shaped, and the strength of the resulting shaped product was measured, and the wet strength was 1.5 kg/cQ dry strength 2.
2. 4 kg/cr? A result of L was obtained, and the strength in this case was clearly inferior.

実施例 2 実施例1と同じ配合物に水12重量多を加えてパドルミ
キサーで混練した。
Example 2 The same formulation as in Example 1 was mixed with 12 parts by weight of water using a paddle mixer.

この混線物(pH10.3)を70tのバケツに堆積し
て種々の時間放置した。
This contaminant (pH 10.3) was deposited in a 70 ton bucket and left for various periods of time.

この放置により堆積物温度は金属アルミニウムと水との
反応による発熱により上昇し、85℃にも達するが、2
4時間放置後には平均気温23℃の条件で37℃及び4
8時間放置後には23℃の温度になった。
As a result of this neglect, the temperature of the deposit rises due to the heat generated by the reaction between metal aluminum and water, reaching as high as 85°C.
After leaving for 4 hours, the temperature reached 37℃ and 4℃ under the condition of average temperature 23℃.
After being left for 8 hours, the temperature reached 23°C.

次に、この種々の時間放置した堆積物を或形し、得られ
た或形物についての乾燥強度を測定した。
Next, the deposits left for various times were shaped, and the dry strength of the shaped pieces obtained was measured.

その結果、放置時間O時間、24時間、48時間及び7
2時間の或形物乾燥強度はそれぞれ0.2kg/cri
f.、1.1ky/i; 1.81y/ffl及び2
.8kg/critであり、このことから、一定時間放
置後に或形することによって戒形物強度は明らかに改善
されることがわかる。
As a result, the standing time was 0 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 7 hours.
The dry strength of a shaped object for 2 hours is 0.2 kg/cri.
f. , 1.1ky/i; 1.81y/ffl and 2
.. 8 kg/crit, and from this it can be seen that the strength of the pre-shaped object is clearly improved by forming it after being left for a certain period of time.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 金属アルミニウムを少量含む微粉状無機物を主成分
とする配合物から或形物を製造するに際し、該配合物を
、水の存在下、pH5〜9の条件に保持して、該配合物
中の金属アルミニウムと水との反応を回避させながら成
形することを特徴とする無機物の戒形方法。 2 無機物中の金属アルミニウム含量が0.3〜1重量
φである特許請求の範囲第1項の方法。 3 金属アルミニウムを少量含む微粉状無機物を主成分
とする配合物から戒形物を製造するに際し、該配合物を
水の存在下、pH10〜12の条件に所要時間保持しで
、配合物中の金属アルミニウムと水とを反応させたのち
戒形することを特徴とする無機物の成形方法。 4 無機物中の金属アルミニウム含量が0.3〜1重量
係である特許請求の範囲第3項の方法。 5 破合物を、水の存在下、少なくとも24時間pH1
0〜12の条件に保持する特許請求の範囲第3項又は第
4項の方法。
[Scope of Claims] 1. When producing a certain shape from a composition mainly composed of a finely powdered inorganic material containing a small amount of metallic aluminum, the composition is maintained at a pH of 5 to 9 in the presence of water. A method for shaping an inorganic substance, which comprises shaping the mixture while avoiding a reaction between metal aluminum and water. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the metal aluminum content in the inorganic substance is 0.3 to 1 weight φ. 3. When producing a prescriptive product from a formulation whose main component is a finely powdered inorganic substance containing a small amount of metallic aluminum, the formulation is maintained at a pH of 10 to 12 for a required period of time in the presence of water. A method for forming inorganic materials, which is characterized by reacting metal aluminum with water and then forming it into a shape. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the metal aluminum content in the inorganic substance is 0.3 to 1% by weight. 5. The fracked material was incubated at pH 1 in the presence of water for at least 24 hours.
The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the condition is maintained at 0 to 12.
JP55126505A 1980-09-10 1980-09-10 Molding method for inorganic materials Expired JPS5837269B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP55126505A JPS5837269B2 (en) 1980-09-10 1980-09-10 Molding method for inorganic materials

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP55126505A JPS5837269B2 (en) 1980-09-10 1980-09-10 Molding method for inorganic materials

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5751166A JPS5751166A (en) 1982-03-25
JPS5837269B2 true JPS5837269B2 (en) 1983-08-15

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Country Link
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03234114A (en) * 1990-02-08 1991-10-18 Toshiba Corp Input/output switching device

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2663257A1 (en) * 1990-06-13 1991-12-20 Manchon Olivier Process for the manufacture of an artificial material from waste, artificial material obtained and breeze blocks manufactured with this material
FR2799876B1 (en) * 1999-10-15 2002-01-04 Tech Et D Entpr S Generales So PROCESS FOR PACKAGING RADIOACTIVE NON-FERROUS METAL WASTE
JP6579732B2 (en) * 2014-05-13 2019-09-25 国立研究開発法人国立環境研究所 Method for suppressing foaming of metallic aluminum in incineration ash

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03234114A (en) * 1990-02-08 1991-10-18 Toshiba Corp Input/output switching device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5751166A (en) 1982-03-25

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