KR20000040829A - Method for producing fly ash brick - Google Patents

Method for producing fly ash brick Download PDF

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KR20000040829A
KR20000040829A KR1019980056558A KR19980056558A KR20000040829A KR 20000040829 A KR20000040829 A KR 20000040829A KR 1019980056558 A KR1019980056558 A KR 1019980056558A KR 19980056558 A KR19980056558 A KR 19980056558A KR 20000040829 A KR20000040829 A KR 20000040829A
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ash
fly ash
bricks
coal
drying
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KR1019980056558A
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Korean (ko)
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허성오
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허성오
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/62204—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products using waste materials or refuse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/6303—Inorganic additives
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for producing fly ash bricks using coal fly ash generated from a coal burning thermal power plant or the like as industrial wastes is provided which reduces the cost of production remarkably. CONSTITUTION: Fine powdery fly ash is mixed uniformly with particle-shaped bottom fly ash in a ratio of about 4 : 1, added with a sodium silicate solution as a binding agent in a proper amount, press-molding at about 200 kg/cm¬2, drying, and calcining. The process reduces drying time to about 1/10 and calcining time to half. The product prepared by this process is uniform in size and shape and excellent in absorption rate and compressed strength.

Description

후라이 애쉬 오지벽돌의 제조방법Manufacturing method of fried ash backcountry brick

건축용으로 많이 쓰이는 기존의 오지벽돌(점토벽돌 또는 적벽돌)은 벽돌용 저급 점토를 채취하여 불순물 제거 등의 선별과정을 거친 후 필요시 탈점제 및 매용제 등을 혼합하고 물을 가하여 반죽(혼련)한 것을 압출성형한다. 그리고 건조와 소성과정을 거쳐 만들어지는 것인데,Existing backcountry bricks (clay bricks or red bricks), which are often used for construction, collect low-grade clays for bricks and undergo a screening process such as removing impurities.If necessary, they are kneaded (mixed) by mixing a desolvent and a solvent and adding water. Is extruded. And it is made through drying and firing process

건조시간(약 70 시간)과 소성시간(약 40 - 45 시간)이 길고 제조가 까다로우며 수축율도 크다. 그리고 생산된 제품은 형상과 면이 고르지 못한 경우가 많으며 흡수율은 큰 편이고 압축강도는 적은 편이다.Drying time (about 70 hours) and firing time (about 40-45 hours) are long, difficult to manufacture, and high in shrinkage. The products produced are often uneven in shape and surface, with high absorption and low compressive strength.

또 원료면에서 볼때 점토 등을 공장 인근에서 채취해야 함으로 점차 원료의 구득난, 저질화 및 환경문제 야기 등의 어려움이 있다.In addition, in terms of raw materials, clay must be collected in the vicinity of the factory, which leads to difficulties such as raw material degradation, deterioration, and environmental problems.

활용방안이 없어서 대량으로(년간 약 230만톤) 폐기 처리되는 후라이 애쉬와 보톰 애쉬를 자원으로 활용하여 기존의 점토질 오지벽돌 보다 값이 싸고 품질이 우수한 후라이 애쉬 오지벽돌을 대량 생산, 공급하는데 목적이 있다.It is aimed at mass production and supply of Fry Ash Oji bricks, which are cheaper and have higher quality than existing clay quality Oji bricks by using Fry Ash and Bottom Ash, which are disposed of in large quantities (approximately 2.3 million tons per year) due to lack of utilization. .

후라이 애쉬의 생성과정과 특성 등을 설명하면 다음과 같습니다.The process and characteristics of the frying ash are explained as follows.

우리나라 석탄 화력 발전소에서 소비되는 석탄량과 석탄회의 발생량 및 폐기량 등은 다음 표와 같이 많은 량이고 계속되는 발전소 증설로 매년 증가 추세에 있다.The amount of coal consumed in coal-fired power plants in Korea, and the amount of coal ash generated and disposed of, are increasing every year due to the large amount of continuous power plant expansion.

석탄회 발생량 중 후라이 애쉬가 약 80%이고 나머지 20%가 보톰 애쉬이다.About 80% of the ash produced is frying ash, and the remaining 20% is bottom ash.

후라이 애쉬는 석탄이 미세하게 분쇄되어(200 메쉬 통과분 90%이상) 보일러 내에 들어가 연소된 후 남은 재가 연돌쪽으로 비산되어 나가는 것을 집진기에서 잡은 비산회로서 고온에서 각 입자가 용융되면서 원형으로 된 미세 입자이고 (평균 입경 : 25 - 28 미크론, Blaine 비표면적 2,500 - 3,000cm2/g) 비중은 2.0 - 2.1 정도로 적은 편이며 점토와 같은 점결성은 전혀 없다.Fry Ash is a fly ash that is caught in a dust collector where coal is finely pulverized (more than 90% of 200 mesh passes) and burned in the boiler, and the remaining ashes are scattered toward the stack. (Average particle size: 25-28 microns, Blaine specific surface area 2,500-3,000cm 2 / g) The specific gravity is as small as 2.0-2.1 and there is no clay-like cohesiveness.

보톰 애쉬는 완전 용융된 재의 입자끼리 엉겨 붙어서 형성된 크고 작은 여러 형태의 크링커 덩어리로 보일러 밑으로 떨어진 것으로 크래샤에 의하여 분쇄된 후 회사장에 보내진다.Bottom ash is a large and small form of clinker that is formed by entangled particles of completely melted ash, which is dropped below the boiler, crushed by the crusher and sent to the company manager.

석탄회의 화학 성분은 SiO2(50 - 65 %), Al2O3(15 - 30 %), Fe2O3(10 - 15 %), CaO, MgO, Na2O, K2O 등으로 기존 적벽돌용 점토와 유사하다. 따라서 소성온도도 유사하고 벽돌색상도 유사하다. 그리고 불순물로 미연소 탄소분이 4 - 7 % 정도 있으나 오지벽돌의 생산과 품질에는 지장이 거의 없다.Fly ash's chemical composition is SiO 2 (50-65%), Al 2 O 3 (15-30%), Fe 2 O 3 (10-15%), CaO, MgO, Na 2 O, K 2 O, etc. Similar to red brick clay. Therefore, the firing temperature is similar and the brick color is similar. And as an impurity, unburned carbon content is about 4-7%, but there is little problem in the production and quality of remote bricks.

오지벽돌의 생산 및 시장성에 대하여 설명하면 다음과 같습니다.The production and marketability of remote bricks are as follows.

1 개 발전소에서 년간 폐기되는 석탄회 량은 규모가 작은 국내 무연탄 사용 발전소에서는 10 만톤 내외이고 규모가 큰 수입 유연탄 사용 발전소의 경우는 대략 50 만톤 이상이다.Coal ash discarded annually at one power plant is around 100,000 tonnes for small domestic anthracite coal-fired power plants and about 500,000 tonnes for large imported bituminous coal-fired power plants.

석탄회 1 톤으로 벽돌 약 500 장을 생산할 수 있으므로 석탄회 10 만톤 만으로도 벽돌 약 5,000 만장을 생산할 수 있는 양이다.One ton of coal ash can produce about 500 bricks, so 100,000 tons of coal ash can produce about 50 million bricks.

그런데 국내 기존의 점토질 오지벽돌 공장의 생산 규모는 년간 1,500 - 4,000 만장 정도이고 우리나라 전체 수요는 15 - 20 억장으로 추정하고 있다.However, the production scale of the existing clay clay brick factory in Korea is estimated to be between 15 and 40 million pieces per year and the total demand of Korea is between 1.5 and 2 billion pieces.

미세한 분말상의 후라이 애쉬와 소립상의 보톰 애쉬(10 메쉬 이하 것으로 선별한 것)를 약 4 : 1의 중량비율로 혼합한 것에 점결제로 약 25%의 규산소다 수용액 약 12 비율을 가하여(성형시 수분이 약 9%, 건조 후 규산 소다가 약 3% 되도록 조정한 것임) 충분히 혼합한 후 필요한 크기와 형상의 형틀에 넣고 150 - 200kg/cm2의 고압으로 가압 성형한다.A fine powdery frying ash and a granular bottom ash (selected to 10 mesh or less) were mixed at a weight ratio of about 4: 1, and about 12% of a 25% aqueous sodium silicate solution was added as a caking additive (moisture during molding. This is about 9%, and adjusted to about 3% of soda silicate after drying. After mixing sufficiently, put into a mold of the required size and shape and press-molded at a high pressure of 150-200kg / cm 2 .

성형된 소지벽돌은 건조실에서(110℃ 내외) 5 - 6 시간 건조시킨 후 소성로에서 18 - 20 시간의 소성과정을 거쳐 후라이 애쉬 오지벽돌이 만들어 진다.The molded bricks are dried in a drying room (about 110 ℃) for 5-6 hours and then fired in a kiln for 18-20 hours to form a frying ash backcountry brick.

주원료 구성에서 보톰 애쉬의 역할과 효과에 대하여 설명하면 다음과 같습니다.The following describes the role and effect of Bottom Ash in the main raw material composition.

후라이 애쉬 만으로도 오지벽돌의 제조가 가능하고 제품의 품질이 점토질벽돌 보다는 우수하나 후라이 애쉬 보다 입자가 월등히 큰 소립상의 보톰 애쉬를 적정량 혼합함으로서 오지벽돌의 품질이 월등히 향상되고 규산 소다의 소요량도 대폭 절감된다.It is possible to manufacture backcountry bricks with only frying ash and the quality of products is better than clay bricks, but by mixing the appropriate amount of small sized bottom ash ash with much larger particles than frying ash, the quality of backcountry bricks is greatly improved and the requirements of soda silicate are greatly reduced. .

보톰 애쉬는 마치 시멘트 콘크리트에서 조골재인 자갈과 같은 역할(효과)을 하는 것이며 후라이 애쉬에 모래를 혼합하여도 품질 향상효과가 약간 있으나 모래 보다는 보톰 애쉬를 혼합하는 것이 압축 강도 및 흡수율 등의 품질이 월등히 향상되었고 생산비도 절감 되었다.Bottom ash plays the role (effect) like the coarse aggregate in cement concrete, and there is a slight improvement in quality even if sand is mixed with the frying ash, but mixing the bottom ash rather than sand provides superior quality of compressive strength and water absorption. Improvements were made and production costs were reduced.

모래는 성분과 특성이 후라이 애쉬와 다르고 용융점이 높아서 후라이 애쉬와 융화가 잘 안되고 소성이 잘 안되기 때문이다.This is because sand has a different composition and properties than the frying ash and has a high melting point, so that the sand is not compatible with the frying ash and is not easily calcined.

규산 소다 수용액의 작용에 대하여 설명하면 다음과 같습니다.The following describes the action of aqueous sodium silicate solution.

주원료인 후라이 애쉬와 보톰 애쉬는 자체만으로는 점토와 같은 점결성이 전혀 없므로 적합한 점결제가 필요한데 점결제로 사용한 규산 소다(Na2O SiO2)수용액은 (물유리) 고압성형이 용이하고 성형 후 고온에서도 건조가 가능하고(빠르고) 표면부터 건조가 시작되면서 건조강도가 조속히 발생하여 취급이 용이하며 소성시에도 무기물이므로 소각되지 않고 강도가 유지된다.The main ingredients, Fry Ash and Bottom Ash, have no suitable coking properties like clay by themselves, so they need a suitable caking agent. Sodium silicate (Na 2 O SiO 2 ) aqueous solution used as a caking agent (water glass) can be easily formed under high pressure and at high temperature after molding. Drying is possible (fast) and drying starts quickly from the surface, so that dry strength is generated quickly and is easy to handle.

그리고 규산 소다에는 알칼리 성분인 Na2O가 함유되어 있어서 소성을 촉진 시켜준다,Sodium silicate contains Na 2 O, which is an alkaline component, to promote sintering.

즉 주원료인 후라이 애쉬와 보톰 애쉬의 주성분이 SiO2등 산성물질이 대부분이므로 Na2O 등 강 알칼리성 물질을 가하여 소성하면 산성과 알칼리성의 반응으로 소결과 용융이 더 잘 이루어지고 소성온도도 대폭 낮아지기 때문에 점결제로서는 대단히 유리하고 적합하다.That is, since the main ingredients of frying ash and bottom ash are mainly acidic materials such as SiO 2 , the firing with strong alkaline materials such as Na 2 O results in better sintering and melting due to acidic and alkaline reactions and significantly lowers the firing temperature. It is very advantageous and suitable as a caking additive.

후라이 애쉬 오지벽돌의 품질과 경제성에 대하여 설명하면 다음과 같습니다.The following describes the quality and economics of the Fry Ash Outback Brick.

후라이 애쉬 오지벽돌은 기존의 점토질 오지벽돌에 비하여 우선 주원료인 석탄회의 대량 확보가 용이하고 품질이 균일하며(별도의 선별등 정제과정이 필요없음) 값이 싼 점 등의 이점이 있다. 특히 후라이 애쉬와 보톰 애쉬는 오지벽돌 소성온도 보다 높은 고온에서 이미 용융된 것이고 점결성이 없고 굵은 입자인 보톰 애쉬의 혼합 및 점결제로서 규산 소다 용액 사용 등의 구성 재료의 특성 때문에Fry Ash backcountry bricks have advantages in that they are easier to secure a large quantity of coal ash, which is the main raw material, uniform in quality (no need for refining process such as separate screening), and cheaper than conventional clay backcountry bricks. In particular, the frying ash and the bottom ash are already melted at a higher temperature than the outland brick firing temperature, and due to the characteristics of the constituent materials such as mixing of cohesive and coarse particles, the bottom ash, and the use of sodium silicate solution as a caking agent.

고압으로 가압 성형이 용이하고(내화벽돌 성형 방식으로) 고온 건조가 가능하고 균열이 생기지 않고 건조가 빠르므로 건조시간이(6 시간 이내) 대폭 단축되며 소성시간도(18 - 20 시간) 약 반으로 단축되는 등 생산면에서 유리한 점이 많으므로 생산비가 대단히 저렴하다.It is easy to press-press at high pressure (by refractory brick molding method), and it can be dried at high temperature, and there is no cracking and drying is fast, so the drying time is shortened (within 6 hours) and the firing time is about half (18-20 hours). Production costs are very low because there are many advantages in terms of production, such as being shortened.

즉 점토벽돌의 생산비 중 약 50%가 소성비용인데 같은 규모의 건조 및 소성시설과 연료비로서 점토질 오지벽돌 보다 2 배 이상을 생산 할 수 있기 때문이다.In other words, about 50% of the production cost of clay brick is firing cost because it can produce more than twice as much clay clay brick as drying and firing facilities and fuel cost of the same scale.

그리고 생산된 제품은 주원료인 후라이 애쉬와 보톰 애쉬의 품질이 균일하고 고온에서 이미 용융된 것이며 일정한 틀에서 고압성형된 것이고 규산 소다가 소결(소성)을 촉진 시켜 주므로 점토질 오지벽돌에 비하여 수축율이 적고 크기와 형상이 일정하고 반듯하며 면이 고르고 미려하다. 그리고 겉보기 비중과 흡수율은 더 적은 편이면서 압축 강도는 월등히 더 나아가는 등 품질이 대단히 우수하다.In addition, the produced products are the main raw materials of the frying ash and the bottom ash are uniform, melted at high temperature, high pressure molded in a certain frame, and soda silicate promotes sintering. And shape is uniform and straight and the surface is even and beautiful. In addition, the apparent specific gravity and absorption rate are smaller, and the compressive strength is much higher.

이상 설명한 바와 같이 산업 폐기물로 대량 폐기 처리되는 미분탄 사용 석탄 화력 발전소의 후라이 애쉬와 보톰 애쉬를 활용하여 기존의 점토질 오지벽돌 보다 값이 싸고 품질이 월등히 우수한 후라이 애쉬 오지벽돌을 대량 생산, 공급함으로서As described above, by utilizing the fry ash and bottom ash of pulverized coal-fired coal-fired power plants that are disposed of in large quantities as industrial waste, the mass production and supply of fry ash backcountry bricks, which are cheaper and superior in quality than conventional clay backcountry bricks,

고강도, 저 흡수율의 고 품질 오지벽돌의 사용에 의한 건축기술의 개선과 건축비의 절감 등으로 국가 산업에 기여하고Contributing to the national industry by improving construction technology and reducing construction costs by using high-quality, low-absorbent, high-quality outback bricks

후라이 애쉬의 해안 매립 대신에 자원으로 활용 함으로써 해양 생태계의 환경 보존에 기여하며By contributing to the conservation of marine ecosystems,

점토 등의 채취에 의한 육상 자연 환경 파괴를 감소 시키는데 기여한다.Contributes to reducing terrestrial natural environment destruction by the collection of clays and the like.

Claims (2)

석탄 화력 발전소 등에서 산업 폐기물로 대량 발생하는 미세한 분말상의 후라이 애쉬에 소립자상의 보톰 애쉬를 적당량 혼합한 다음(4 : 1의 혼합비율이 최적 조건임) 점결제로 규산 소다 수용액을 적정량 가하여 충분히 혼련한 것을 가압성형 하는 것을 특징으로 하고After mixing an appropriate amount of small-sized bottom ash ash with fine powdery frying ash generated in large quantities as industrial waste in coal-fired power plants, etc. (4: 1 mixture ratio is optimal) Characterized by pressing 이미 잘 알려진 기존의 방법에 의하여 건조와 소성과정을 거쳐 만들어지는 건축용 오지벽돌의 제조방법.A method for manufacturing backcountry bricks, which is made by drying and firing by known methods. 제 1 항에 의하여 만들어지는 건축용 오지블록 및 타일과 기와의 제조방법.A method for manufacturing backcountry blocks and tiles and roof tiles made according to claim 1.
KR1019980056558A 1998-12-21 1998-12-21 Method for producing fly ash brick KR20000040829A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100398076B1 (en) * 2000-12-28 2003-09-26 (주)청석엔지니어링 Filling composition with a high fluidity containing bottom ash, and method for preparing the same
CN106564115A (en) * 2016-07-28 2017-04-19 王正作 Method for pressing coal ash brick bases
CN107573026A (en) * 2017-09-14 2018-01-12 北京大学 A kind of slug type parian material preparation method
CN109721336A (en) * 2017-10-31 2019-05-07 遵义县蜀山粉煤灰有限公司 A kind of flyash brick
CN109721337A (en) * 2017-10-31 2019-05-07 遵义县蜀山粉煤灰有限公司 A kind of preparation method of flyash brick

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100398076B1 (en) * 2000-12-28 2003-09-26 (주)청석엔지니어링 Filling composition with a high fluidity containing bottom ash, and method for preparing the same
CN106564115A (en) * 2016-07-28 2017-04-19 王正作 Method for pressing coal ash brick bases
CN106564115B (en) * 2016-07-28 2018-12-18 王菲 A kind of drawing method of flyash brick green body
CN107573026A (en) * 2017-09-14 2018-01-12 北京大学 A kind of slug type parian material preparation method
CN109721336A (en) * 2017-10-31 2019-05-07 遵义县蜀山粉煤灰有限公司 A kind of flyash brick
CN109721337A (en) * 2017-10-31 2019-05-07 遵义县蜀山粉煤灰有限公司 A kind of preparation method of flyash brick

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