JPS5832093A - Livestock excrement composting device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 鶏、豚、牛なとの家畜の糞を発酵し、その発酵熱と太陽
熱とを利用して広域流通可能な程に乾燥し、有機質肥料
などとして利用せんとする装置についての発明である。[Detailed description of the invention] A device that ferments the excrement of livestock such as chickens, pigs, and cows, and uses the fermentation heat and solar heat to dry it to the extent that it can be distributed over a wide area, and to use it as organic fertilizer, etc. This invention is about.

この種の装置は、近年、活発に開発研究されつつあるが
１発酵が不安定であり、鋸屑の混入を前提とし、長期間
を要し、小型化が不可能であり、あるいは２石油燃料を
大量に必要とするなと２社会の要求に答えるものは未た
できていない。本発明により始めて解決できよう。This type of equipment has been actively researched and developed in recent years, but 1) fermentation is unstable, requires sawdust to be mixed in, requires a long period of time, cannot be miniaturized, or 2) uses petroleum fuel. 2) Nothing has yet been created that meets society's demands that large quantities not be required. This problem can only be solved by the present invention.

本発明の第１実施例を第１〜３図について１所ｌ明する
。A first embodiment of the present invention will be briefly explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

（１）は人気口、（２）は太陽熱の集熱体、（３）は管
路、（４）は送風機、（５）は家畜糞の堆積層、（６）
は層（５）の下面に設けた多数個の通気樋、（７）は層
（５）の上面に設けた透光のハウス、（８）は風路切換
用バルブで、　＋９＋００は風路抵抗をなす狭路、０１
）は層（５）の布置で発酵槽。(1) is a popular outlet, (2) is a solar heat collector, (3) is a pipe, (4) is a blower, (5) is a layer of livestock dung, (6)
is a large number of ventilation gutters installed on the bottom surface of layer (5), (7) is a transparent house installed on the top surface of layer (5), (8) is a valve for switching the air path, and +9+00 is the air path resistance. The narrow road that forms 01
) is a fermenter with the arrangement of layer (5).

（１３は層（５）の左置で仕」二乾燥槽、０３は層０９
を２分する仕切壁である。（１４は縦軸スクリューなど
の撹拌爪、（１９は爪０４１を装置する横送台、００は
台＋１９を乗せる縦送台、（１７は台（１９の車輪、（
１日は車Ｏ９と噛合うラック、（１９は車（１りの」一
端に接する押え板、　２Ｑ２１Ｑ３は台（１０について
の車輪・ラック・押え板である。ｅ３は槽重）θ２の１
面に設けた開閉扉、　（２４１は扉Ｃ３の」−縁に設け
た機枠である。(13 is the second drying tank placed to the left of layer (5), 03 is layer 09
It is a partition wall that divides the (14 is a stirring claw such as a vertical shaft screw, (19 is a transverse carriage for installing the claw 041, 00 is a vertical carriage for mounting the carriage +19, (17 is a carriage (19 wheels, (
1st is the rack that engages with the car O9, (19 is the holding plate that touches one end of the car (1), 2Q21Q3 is the platform (wheels, racks, and holding plate for 10. e3 is the tank weight) 1 of θ2
(241 is the machine frame installed on the edge of door C3.)

つぎに第１実施例の作用について説明する。送風機（４
）を駆動すると、大気は人気口（１）から集熱体（２）
へ入って加温され５通気樋（６）から堆積層（５）内を
通過して、ハウス（７）の隙間から排気され１点線矢印
のように流れる。その際、バルブ（８）が図示のようだ
と２層（５）の左置は狭路（９）のために小量通気し。Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be explained. Air blower (4
), the atmosphere flows from the popular port (1) to the heat collector (2).
The air enters the chamber, is heated, passes through the sedimentary layer (5) through the ventilation gutter (6), is exhausted from the gap in the house (7), and flows as shown by the dotted line arrow. At this time, if the valve (8) is as shown, the left side of the second layer (5) will allow a small amount of ventilation due to the narrow passage (9).

によってほぼ均等化されて層（５）内へ通気する。しか
して、原料糞は小量通気の左置ヘローターなとで投入す
ると、好気性発酵して堆肥化しつつ発酵熱で乾燥され、
約２日後に含水率が４０％程度以下になると発酵が不活
性化するし発酵処理の１−１的はほぼ終了するので、バ
ルブ（８）を点線のように切換えて左置へ大量通気して
仕上乾燥し、左装置交互に発酵槽（１１）と仕上乾燥槽
（Ｅとへバルブ（８）で切換えて１発酵後に仕上乾燥し
て通算約４日後には含水率２０％程度の製品を取得でき
る。しかして、横送台（Ｉ！′Ｉと縦送台（１０との組
合せで第３図右区に示す軌跡で爪（１／ｌｌが層（５）
のほぼ全体に作用して順次に撹拌し２発酵乾燥を均一化
する。仕−Ｌり後は、扉Ｃ３を第２図右区のように開き
、その区について爪（１４１を引続き作動すると、鎖線
以上の層（５）の大部分は自動排出され、しかる後、扉
ｅ３を閉じて原料糞を鎖線以」−に投入し爪（１４を作
動すると、」〕下層が混合して約５０％程度の発酵の最
適条件へ水分調整して再出発する。The air is almost evenly vented into the layer (5). When the raw material feces is put into a left-sided herotor with a small amount of ventilation, it undergoes aerobic fermentation and becomes compost, while being dried by the heat of fermentation.
After about 2 days, when the moisture content drops to about 40% or less, the fermentation will be inactivated and the fermentation process 1-1 will be almost completed, so switch the valve (8) as shown by the dotted line to the left position for a large amount of ventilation. After 1 fermentation, the left device is alternately switched between the fermentation tank (11) and the final drying tank (E and the final drying tank (8) using the valve (8). After 1 fermentation, the final drying process is completed. After about 4 days in total, the product with a moisture content of about 20% is produced. Therefore, by combining the horizontal carriage (I!'I) and the vertical carriage (10), the claw (1/ll is the layer (5)
It acts on almost the whole area and sequentially stirs it to make the two fermentation and drying uniform. After loading, open the door C3 as shown in the right section of Figure 2, and continue to operate the claw (141) for that section, most of the layer (5) above the chain line will be automatically ejected, and then the door will open. Close e3, feed the raw material feces to the dotted line, and start again after the bottom layer is mixed and the moisture content is adjusted to about 50%, the optimum condition for fermentation.

つぎに第１実施例の効果について説明する。本発明では
外気が集熱体（２）を通過した低湿加温空気を含水率約
７ＩＯ％以下の層（５）の後半区へ大量通気して迅速乾
燥し、５０〜４０％程度の前半区へは適量通気して発酵
乾燥し、糞の含水率変化に対応して合目的に発酵と乾燥
とを短時日で達成して、小容積の装置で効率的に堆肥化
できる。発酵が過度になると製品が微細粒子となりすぎ
るのだが２本発明にはその幣がな（良質製品が得られる
。発酵を充分に終了後であるから、乾燥時の臭気もない
。また、撹拌爪（１４を層（５）の全面に作用させる効
果は。Next, the effects of the first embodiment will be explained. In the present invention, a large amount of low-humidity heated air that has passed through the heat collector (2) from the outside air is vented into the second half of the layer (5) with a moisture content of about 7IO% or less to quickly dry it. The feces are fermented and dried by a proper amount of aeration, and the fermentation and drying can be accomplished in a short period of time in response to changes in the moisture content of the feces, allowing for efficient composting using small-volume equipment. If the fermentation is excessive, the product becomes too fine particles, but this invention does not have this problem (a high-quality product can be obtained. Since the fermentation has been sufficiently completed, there is no odor during drying. (The effect of applying 14 to the entire surface of layer (5) is.

所要回転力を小にてきるという機械装置」二での他に、
在来の斜ベルト式切返し機のように材料の水平移送が伴
わぬので２層（５）が短小でも成立し、小規模装置にで
きる点で大きい。その爪（１４の縦横送りに際し、ラッ
ク（ＩＦ３２　］）と車輪（１７）Ｃ２０との噛合で確
実に移動軌跡を保ち、かつ、押え板（１９（２３で車輪
＋１７）（２０を押えて回転抵抗による爪（１４の傾き
を防ぐことにより１層（５）の周壁の至近まで爪０４を
作用させえて。In addition to "mechanical device that reduces the required rotational force",
Unlike the conventional diagonal belt type cutter, there is no horizontal transfer of material, so the two layers (5) can be made even if they are short and small, which is great because it can be made into a small-scale device. When the claw (14) is moved vertically and horizontally, the rack (IF32]) and the wheel (17) C20 mesh to ensure the movement trajectory is maintained, and the holding plate (19 (23 = wheel + 17) (20) is held down to resist rotation. By preventing the claws 14 from tilting, the claws 04 can be applied close to the peripheral wall of the first layer (5).

はじめて上記の効果を達しうる。また、仕」ユリ後に扉
Ｃ３を開くと、爪０／Ｉ）の作動で自動的に必要槽の製
品を排出できる効果は大きいが、その際、扉Ｃ３−１−
に機枠２４）があることで安全性が保たれ、はじめて実
用可能となる。The above effects can be achieved for the first time. Furthermore, when door C3 is opened after finishing, the product in the required tank can be automatically discharged by the operation of claw 0/I.
Safety is maintained by having a machine frame 24) in place, making it practical for the first time.

つきに第４図に示す第２実施例について説明する。図中
ノ＋１１（３）　〜（６１（１０（ＩＩＯＩＪ−１２４
）ハ第１〜３図と同一である。（２！３はロークリ撹拌
機、　ｔ２ｅはその移動用車輪、　（２７＋はそのレー
ル、　２８は材料の堆積層であって仕上乾燥槽をなし、
（２つは槽Ｃ８を履う透光布、（３０はカル９の支持枠
、はは層（５）の周壁と結び一］−面を履う気密室、　
（３３は室（３１）の１部をなす開閉式の投入蓋（３３
は熱交換器であり、（３４は室（３１）から器０３を経
ての排気り、ｅ（’ｉは送風機、闘は槽四下面の通気樋
、０９は（３３（３８（３７１へ結ぶ人気口である。A second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 will now be described. +11(3) ~(61(10(IIOIJ-124)
) Same as Figures 1 to 3. (2!3 is a rotary stirrer, t2e is its moving wheel, (27+ is its rail, 28 is a deposited layer of material and serves as a finishing drying tank,
(Two are the transparent cloth that covers the tank C8, (30 is the support frame of the cull 9, and one is tied to the peripheral wall of the layer (5).) - An airtight chamber that covers the surface.
(33 is an opening/closing input lid that forms part of the chamber (31)
is the heat exchanger, (34 is the exhaust air from the chamber (31) through the vessel 03, e ('i is the blower, and is the ventilation gutter on the bottom of the tank 4, 09 is the air outlet that connects to (33 (38) and 371). It is the mouth.

つぎに第２実施例の作用を説明する。蓋０２を開けて原
料糞を投入し、樋（６）から通気して爪（１４１で撹拌
すると層（５）は良く発酵することは第１実施例と同一
であるが１発酵乾燥して含水率４０〜３５％となると、
扉（２３を開き、爪（１４の作動で鎖線−４−の材料を
槽ｅ８へ移し、ロークリｅ９で撹拌しつつ右方へと移動
じ、布置を経ての太陽光て什に乾燥する。また。Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be explained. Open the lid 02 and put in the raw material feces, ventilate through the gutter (6) and stir with the nail (141).The layer (5) will be well fermented as in the first example, but once fermented and dried, it will become hydrated. When the rate is 40-35%,
Open the door (23), move the material indicated by the chain line -4- to the tank e8 by operating the claw (14), move it to the right while stirring it with the rotary cleaner e9, and dry it in the sunlight after placing it. .

層（６）の排気は（脅で熱交換後（３４１から排出し、
６９からの人気を加温して樋３７１から槽ｅ８中へ通気
する。The exhaust gas from layer (6) is discharged from 341 (after heat exchange).
69 is heated and ventilated from the gutter 371 into the tank e8.

第２実施例の効果について説明する。第１実施例のよう
にバルフ責８）で発酵槽（１１）と乾燥槽０２とを交Ｌ
Ｌ転換せずとも２両者を隣接して持ち、利料を移送する
ことで同様の効果を達しうろことを示す。The effects of the second embodiment will be explained. As in the first embodiment, the fermenter (11) and the drying tank 02 are connected at the valve holder 8).
It is shown that the same effect can be achieved by holding the two adjacently and transferring the interest even without converting L.

撹拌装置が２重施設となるが、ロークリ式糞乾燥装置を
既存する時は本実施例をもって有効化できる。また１発
酵槽（１１）での発酵熱を熱交換器０３で捕捉し、仕上
乾燥槽ｅ８への通気の加温に利用し、太陽熱を補って迅
速乾燥させることが可能で、熱経済」−極めて有効であ
る。Although the agitation device is a dual facility, this embodiment can be used effectively if a low-criteria excrement drying device already exists. In addition, the fermentation heat from one fermentation tank (11) is captured by the heat exchanger 03 and used to heat the ventilation to the finishing drying tank e8, supplementing solar heat and allowing quick drying, resulting in thermal economy. Extremely effective.

つぎに、第５図に示す第３実施例について説明する。図
中の（１４は第１〜２実施例と同一であり。Next, a third embodiment shown in FIG. 5 will be described. (14 in the figure is the same as in the first and second embodiments).

０８は撹拌爪０４の外縁に設けた張出型、０９は爪０８
の外縁にほぼ直角に設けた垂直型、　ＩＩａは爪０４の
下端面に設けた張出型である。縦軸スクリューのような
爪０４による層（５）内での撹拌では、爪α４の移動方
向と下端面とを爪０７１の外縁が摺動することとなるの
で、原料糞の含水率が高い初期状態では摺動面を塗付け
て固結させる結果となりやすい。張出型０８および１０
を設けるとその摺動面を破砕して作動を円消化するので
あって２本発明の実用化にとっての重要事項である。ま
た、爪０９は摺動面の破砕長を増して効果を高めると共
に、撹拌時の揚」−効果をまして」−下撹拌効果を高め
、かつ、揚上効果の結果から爪（１４内の空隙が増加す
るのでねつ和が減じ、消費動力が減じるという効果があ
る。08 is a protruding type provided on the outer edge of stirring claw 04, 09 is claw 08
IIa is a vertical type provided almost at right angles to the outer edge of the claw 04, and IIa is an overhanging type provided on the lower end surface of the claw 04. When the layer (5) is stirred by the claw 04 like a vertical screw, the outer edge of the claw 071 slides in the direction of movement of the claw α4 and the lower end surface. Under such conditions, the sliding surface is likely to be coated and hardened. Overhang type 08 and 10
Providing this will crush the sliding surface and eliminate the operation, which is two important matters for the practical application of the present invention. In addition, the pawl 09 increases the crushing length of the sliding surface to increase the effect, and also increases the lifting effect during stirring. increases, so the net sum decreases, which has the effect of reducing power consumption.

４　追加の関係 本発明と原発明とは、目的および装置の要部は同一であ
り５作用効果は同様である。本発明は原発明を実施する
に当っての装置の細部についての発明、および原発明を
応用した他の実施例についての追加発明である。4 Additional Relationships The present invention and the original invention have the same purpose and the same main parts of the device, and have the same effects. The present invention is an invention regarding details of an apparatus for carrying out the original invention, and additional inventions regarding other embodiments to which the original invention is applied.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本発明の第１実施例をなす装置の作用平面図、
第２図はその要部の側断面図、第３図はその要部の平面
図、第４図は第２実施例の側断面図、第５図は第３実施
例の要部の側面図である。 Ｉ：人気口　　２：集熱体　　３：管路４：送風機　　
５：堆積層　　６：通気樋７：ハウス　　８：バルブ　
　９：狭路１０：狭路　　　１１：発酵槽　　１２：什
−１−乾燥槽１：３：仕切壁　　１４：撹拌爪　　１５
：横送台１６：縦送台　　１７：車輪　　　１８：う・
ツク１９：押え板　　２０：車輪　　　２１ニラツク２
２：押え板　　２３：扉　　　　２４：機枠２５：ロー
タリ　　２６二車輪　　２７：レール２８：仕−１−乾
燥槽　　２９：透光布　　３０：枠３１：気密室　　３
２：投入蓋　　３３：熱交換器３４：排気口　　３５：
人気１１　　３６：送風機３７：通気樋　　３８：張出
型　　３９：垂直型４０：張出爪 特許出願人 清　　水　　　　　浩 次１図FIG. 1 is a functional plan view of a device constituting a first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a side sectional view of the main part, Fig. 3 is a plan view of the main part, Fig. 4 is a side sectional view of the second embodiment, and Fig. 5 is a side view of the main part of the third embodiment. It is. I: Popular port 2: Heat collector 3: Pipe line 4: Air blower
5: Sediment layer 6: Ventilation gutter 7: House 8: Valve
9: Narrow path 10: Narrow path 11: Fermentation tank 12: Tire-1-drying tank 1: 3: Partition wall 14: Stirring claw 15
:Horizontal carriage 16:Vertical carriage 17:Wheel 18:U・
Tsuk 19: Holding plate 20: Wheel 21 Nirakku 2
2: Holding plate 23: Door 24: Machine frame 25: Rotary 26 Two wheels 27: Rail 28: Finish-1-Drying tank 29: Transparent cloth 30: Frame 31: Airtight chamber 3
2: Inlet lid 33: Heat exchanger 34: Exhaust port 35:
Popularity 11 36: Blower 37: Ventilation gutter 38: Overhanging type 39: Vertical type 40: Overhanging claw Patent applicant Koji Shimizu Figure 1

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 （１）通気樋（６）を備える堆積層（５）のほぼ全体に
、車輪＋１７）とｅＯとの縦横送りで撹拌爪（１４１が
作用するようになしたる発酵槽（１ｊ）に対して、仕」
−乾燥槽Ｃ８を隣接してもち、原料を槽重）から槽０日
へ移送し、あるいは、原料を移送せずに槽重）と槽０２
との機能を交互転換してなる家畜糞堆肥化装置。 （２、特許請求の範囲（１）に記載のもので２発酵槽０
１）の側面」二級に設けた機枠ｅ４下に扉（２３を設け
てなる家畜糞堆肥化装置。 （３）特許請求の範囲（１）に記載のもので、仕−Ｉ―
乾燥槽０２を透光布四下でロータＩＪ　ｅＦｌが水平移
動するように構成してなる家畜糞堆肥化装置。 （４）特許請求の範囲（１）に記載のもので１発酵槽０
１）の排気側を気密に熱交換器（３３へ結び、仕上乾燥
槽０２へ送気してなる家畜糞堆肥化装置。 （５）通気樋（６）を備える堆積層（５）のほぼ全体に
、車輪（１りとｅＯとの縦横送りで作用するようにした
撹拌爪０４の、外縁の１部に張出風（３ｅＩ４ａを設け
てなる家畜糞堆肥化装置。 （６）特許請求の範囲（５）に記載のもので、張出風（
３日に垂直型Ｃ４を設けてなる家畜糞堆肥化装置。 （７）通気樋（６）を備える堆積層（１１）のほぼ全体
に、車輪（１７と（２０との縦横送りで撹拌爪（１−１
が作用するようになした発酵槽（１１）において、車輪
（１’７２Ｑをラック（１日いと押え板（１９（２２と
で支持してなる家畜糞堆肥化装置。[Scope of Claims] (1) A fermenter in which a stirring claw (141) acts on almost the entire sedimentary layer (5) equipped with a ventilation gutter (6) by vertical and horizontal movement of wheels +17) and eO. For (1j),
- Have a drying tank C8 adjacent and transfer the raw material from tank weight) to tank 0 day, or transfer the raw material from tank weight) to tank 02 without transferring the raw material.
Livestock manure composting equipment that alternates the functions of (2. The product described in claim (1) has 2 fermenters and 0 fermenters.
1) A livestock manure composting device comprising a door (23) provided under the machine frame e4 provided on the second grade side. (3) The device described in claim (1),
A livestock manure composting device in which a drying tank 02 is configured so that a rotor IJ eFl moves horizontally under four transparent cloths. (4) 1 fermentation tank 0 according to claim (1)
A livestock manure composting device in which the exhaust side of 1) is airtightly connected to a heat exchanger (33) and air is sent to the finishing drying tank 02. (5) Almost the entire pile layer (5) equipped with a ventilation gutter (6) A livestock manure composting device comprising a stirring claw 04 which is operated by vertical and horizontal feeding between wheels (1 and eO) and an overhanging wind (3eI4a) provided on a part of the outer edge. (6) Scope of Claims It is described in (5), and is
A livestock manure composting device equipped with a vertical C4 on the 3rd. (7) The stirring claws (1-1
A livestock manure composting device comprising a fermenter (11) in which a wheel (1'72Q) is supported by a rack (1') and a presser plate (19 (22)).