JPS5829819Y2 - Absorption heat pump - Google Patents

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】 本案は、１台の吸収式冷凍機から冷水を取り出す冷却運
転と、温水を取り出す加温運転とを切替えて運転できる
発熱利用の吸収式ヒートポンプに関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to an absorption heat pump that utilizes heat generation and can be operated by switching between a cooling operation for extracting cold water from one absorption refrigerator and a heating operation for extracting hot water.

吸収冷凍サクイルから温水を得る加温運転は、温排水な
どの低温熱源から汲み上げた熱で冷媒を蒸発させ、この
冷媒蒸気を吸収液に吸収させるときに発生する反応熱に
より高温の温水を取り出す運転であり、同じく冷却運転
は冷媒が蒸発するときの気化熱で水を冷やし、吸収され
た熱を冷却水によって排出する運転である。Heating operation to obtain hot water from an absorption refrigeration cycle is an operation in which refrigerant is evaporated using heat pumped up from a low-temperature heat source such as heated waste water, and high-temperature hot water is extracted using the reaction heat generated when this refrigerant vapor is absorbed into an absorption liquid. Similarly, the cooling operation is an operation in which water is cooled by the heat of vaporization when the refrigerant evaporates, and the absorbed heat is discharged by cooling water.

而して、このような冷却運転および加温運転は一般には
発生器中の吸収液の加熱のための駆動熱源として水蒸気
や燃焼器を使用しており、エネルギー効率的には好まし
いものではなかった。However, such cooling and heating operations generally use steam or a combustor as the driving heat source for heating the absorption liquid in the generator, which is not desirable in terms of energy efficiency. .

本案は斯る点に鑑み、６０℃程度の温排水をできるだけ
活用して冷温水を得ることによりエネルギーの利用効率
を向上させた吸収式ヒートポンプであり、以下に図面に
従い説明する。In view of these points, the present invention is an absorption heat pump that improves energy use efficiency by utilizing heated wastewater of about 60° C. as much as possible to obtain cold and hot water, and will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

第１図に示す本案の吸収式ヒートポンプは燃焼炎又は燃
焼ガスで器内の稀吸収液１を直接に加熱するよう燃焼室
２を有する第１発生器３、該第１発生器３と切替使用さ
れ、高温水又は水蒸気等の流体で器内の稀吸収液１′を
加熱する加熱器４を有する第２発生器５、発生器３，５
で加熱分離された気化冷媒を冷却して液冷媒にする熱交
換器６を内蔵した凝縮器７、該凝縮器７から流入する液
冷媒を減圧して散布することにより熱交換器８内の液体
から気化潜熱を得て冷媒を気化させる蒸発器９、該蒸発
器９で気化して冷媒を吸収するため、発生器３，５から
流入する濃吸収液を散布しつつ、冷媒吸収時に発生する
熱を器外に搬出する熱交換器１０を内蔵した吸収器１１
．吸収液の循環ポンプ１２、発生器３，５から吸収器１
１に流入する高温の吸収液と吸収器１１から発生器３，
５に戻る低温の吸収液と熱交換する熱交換器１３第１発
生器３と第２発生器５との作動切替えをする切替えバル
ブ１４゜１５等から構成されている。The absorption heat pump of the present invention shown in Fig. 1 has a first generator 3 having a combustion chamber 2 so as to directly heat the dilute absorption liquid 1 in the vessel with combustion flame or combustion gas, and is used in a switched manner with the first generator 3. a second generator 5, which has a heater 4 that heats the dilute absorption liquid 1' in the vessel with a fluid such as high-temperature water or steam;
A condenser 7 has a built-in heat exchanger 6 that cools the vaporized refrigerant heated and separated into liquid refrigerant. An evaporator 9 that vaporizes the refrigerant by obtaining latent heat of vaporization from the evaporator 9. In order to vaporize and absorb the refrigerant in the evaporator 9, the concentrated absorption liquid flowing from the generators 3 and 5 is dispersed, and the heat generated when absorbing the refrigerant is Absorber 11 with a built-in heat exchanger 10 for transporting the
．． Absorption liquid circulation pump 12, generators 3, 5 to absorber 1
The high temperature absorption liquid flowing into 1 and the generator 3 from the absorber 11,
It is comprised of a heat exchanger 13 that exchanges heat with the low-temperature absorption liquid that returns to 5, and switching valves 14 and 15 that switch the operation between the first generator 3 and the second generator 5.

而して、斯る構成を有する本案の吸収式ヒートポンプか
ら冷房用冷水を得る場合は、切替バルブ１５を開き、切
替バルブ１４を閉じて第２発生器５だけを吸収器１１に
接続し、加熱器４に温排水、又は排ガスから得られた駆
動熱源を供給すると、発止器５の稀吸収液は加熱されて
冷媒と濃い吸収液とに分離され、気状冷媒は凝縮器７で
液化され、蒸発器９に流入して気化する。Therefore, when obtaining cold water for cooling from the absorption heat pump of the present invention having such a configuration, the switching valve 15 is opened, the switching valve 14 is closed, and only the second generator 5 is connected to the absorber 11, and the heating is performed. When heated waste water or a driving heat source obtained from exhaust gas is supplied to the device 4, the dilute absorption liquid in the starter device 5 is heated and separated into a refrigerant and a concentrated absorption liquid, and the gaseous refrigerant is liquefied in the condenser 7. , flows into the evaporator 9 and is vaporized.

このとき冷媒は熱交換器８内の液体から気化潜熱を奪い
、機外に冷房用冷水を供給する。At this time, the refrigerant removes latent heat of vaporization from the liquid in the heat exchanger 8 and supplies cold water for cooling to the outside of the machine.

一方、サイクル中に流入した熱は、吸収器および凝縮器
中の熱交換器１０，６を流れる冷却水によって機外に排
出される。On the other hand, the heat that has flowed into the cycle is discharged to the outside of the machine by cooling water flowing through the heat exchangers 10 and 6 in the absorber and condenser.

第２図はこのようにして本案の吸収式ヒートポンプから
冷房負荷１６に冷水を供給するシステムの一応用例であ
り、３は第１発生器、１７は第２発生器５と凝縮器７を
内蔵した発生凝縮側、１８は蒸発器９と吸収器１１を内
蔵した蒸発吸収側、１９は排熱源から流入する温排水の
温度レベルが低い場合にこの温度レベルを８０℃以上の
温度レベル迄昇温する別のヒートポンプ装置、２０．２
１は本案の吸収式ヒートポンプ運転の、ための温水供給
の往管と戻り管、２２．２３は冷房負荷１６へ供給され
る冷水の往管と戻り管を示す。Fig. 2 shows an example of the system in which chilled water is supplied from the absorption heat pump to the cooling load 16 according to the present invention, in which 3 is the first generator, 17 is the second generator 5 and the condenser 7. A generation condensation side, 18 is an evaporation absorption side that includes an evaporator 9 and an absorber 11, and 19 is a side that raises the temperature of heated waste water flowing from an exhaust heat source to a temperature level of 80°C or higher when the temperature level is low. Another heat pump device, 20.2
1 indicates an outgoing pipe and a return pipe for supplying hot water for the absorption heat pump operation of the present invention, and 22 and 23 show an outgoing pipe and a return pipe for cold water supplied to the cooling load 16.

次に、暖房用温水を得る場合は、第３図に示すように排
熱源から流入する温排水の温度レベルを別のヒートポン
プ１９で昇温して暖房負荷２４に供給したり、或いは、
温度レベルが高いときは直接に暖房負荷２４に供給して
も良いが、斯る温水量は必ずしも一定かつ、充分に確保
できるとは限らないため、暖房負荷への温水供給が不足
するとき、本案の吸収式ヒートポンプの併用運転によっ
てこの温水の不足を補なうことができる。Next, in order to obtain hot water for heating, as shown in FIG. 3, the temperature level of the heated waste water flowing in from the exhaust heat source is raised by another heat pump 19 and then supplied to the heating load 24, or,
When the temperature level is high, it may be supplied directly to the heating load 24, but the amount of hot water cannot always be constant and sufficient, so when the hot water supply to the heating load is insufficient, This shortage of hot water can be compensated for by combined operation of an absorption heat pump.

このときは、第１図の切替バルブ１５を閉じ、切替バル
ブ１４を開き、第１発生器３だけを吸収器１１に接続し
、燃焼室２で燃料を燃やして稀吸収液を加熱すると、気
状冷媒は凝縮器７の熱交換器６に凝縮潜熱を放出し、該
熱交換器内の水を加熱する一方、吸収器の熱交換器１０
においても、蒸発器９から流入する気状冷媒の吸収時に
発生する反応熱で熱交換器１０内の水が加熱されるため
、機外には暖房用温水が供給できる。At this time, the switching valve 15 shown in FIG. The refrigerant releases latent heat of condensation to the heat exchanger 6 of the condenser 7, heating the water in the heat exchanger, while the heat exchanger 10 of the absorber
Also, since the water in the heat exchanger 10 is heated by the reaction heat generated when absorbing the gaseous refrigerant flowing in from the evaporator 9, hot water for heating can be supplied to the outside of the machine.

一方、冷媒の蒸発のための気化潜熱は第３図に示すよう
に排熱源につながれた往管２５および戻り管２６を介し
て低温の温排水を熱源水として熱の供給を受ける。On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, latent heat of vaporization for evaporating the refrigerant is supplied with heat using low-temperature heated wastewater as heat source water through an outgoing pipe 25 and a return pipe 26 connected to an exhaust heat source.

尚、２７，２８は暖房負荷２４に俸給される温水の往管
と戻り管であり、その化第１図および第２図と同じ図番
のものは同じ機器として示しである。Reference numerals 27 and 28 are outgoing and return pipes for hot water supplied to the heating load 24, and those having the same numbers as in FIGS. 1 and 2 are shown as the same equipment.

また、図中に記入した温度は、それぞれ本案の応用例と
して運転した場合の具体的な温度レベルの１例を示す。Furthermore, the temperatures shown in the diagram each indicate an example of a specific temperature level when the vehicle is operated as an applied example of the present invention.

このように、本案による吸収式ヒートポンプにおいては
、冷水供給時は排熱源からの排温水または排ガスを利用
して冷却運転を行ない、温水供給時には排熱源からの温
排水または排ガスを利用して得られる温水を直接利用す
るようにしつつ、その不足熱量又は不足温度レベルの補
給のためには吸収式ヒートポンプの燃焼器を作動させて
加温運転するようにしたので、冷温いずれの場合にも極
めてエネルギ消費量の少ない熱効率の良いヒートポンプ
運転が可能となる。In this way, in the absorption heat pump according to the present invention, when supplying cold water, the cooling operation is performed using waste hot water or exhaust gas from the waste heat source, and when hot water is being supplied, the cooling operation is performed using hot waste water or waste gas from the waste heat source. While hot water is used directly, the combustor of the absorption heat pump is operated to perform heating operation in order to replenish the insufficient amount of heat or insufficient temperature level, so energy consumption is extremely low in both cold and hot conditions. It is possible to operate a heat pump with a small amount of heat and high thermal efficiency.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本案による吸収式ヒートポンプの構成を示す回
路図、第２図は同じく冷水供給の応用例を示す模式図、
第３図は同じく温水供給の応用例を示す模式図である。 ３〜第１発生器、５〜第２発生器、７〜凝縮器、９〜蒸
発器、１１〜吸収器、１４．１５〜切替バルブ。Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of an absorption heat pump according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an application example of cold water supply.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of application of hot water supply. 3-first generator, 5-second generator, 7-condenser, 9-evaporator, 11-absorber, 14.15-switching valve.

Claims (1)

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request] 燃焼炎又は燃焼ガス稀吸収液を直接に加熱する第１発生
器、該第１発生器と切替使用され高温水又は水蒸気等の
流体で稀吸収液を加熱する第２発生器、凝縮器、蒸発器
及び吸収器等から構成すると共に、凝縮器及び吸収器に
冷却水を流して蒸発器から冷水を得る冷却運転時には第
２の発生器を用い、蒸発器に熱源水を流して凝縮器およ
び吸収器の管路から温水を得る加温運転時には第１発生
器を切替え使用するようにした吸収式ヒートポンプ。A first generator that directly heats the combustion flame or the combustion gas dilute absorption liquid, a second generator that is used alternately with the first generator and heats the dilute absorption liquid with a fluid such as high-temperature water or steam, a condenser, and an evaporator. During cooling operation, cooling water is passed through the condenser and absorber to obtain cold water from the evaporator, and a second generator is used to flow the heat source water into the evaporator to generate the condenser and absorber. An absorption heat pump that switches to the first generator during heating operation to obtain hot water from the pipes of the vessel.